JP2008069525A - Base course material using neutralized slag, and its manufacturing method - Google Patents
Base course material using neutralized slag, and its manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2008069525A JP2008069525A JP2006247429A JP2006247429A JP2008069525A JP 2008069525 A JP2008069525 A JP 2008069525A JP 2006247429 A JP2006247429 A JP 2006247429A JP 2006247429 A JP2006247429 A JP 2006247429A JP 2008069525 A JP2008069525 A JP 2008069525A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- blast furnace
- weight
- furnace slag
- neutralized
- lime
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
Description
本発明は、硫酸法による酸化チタン製造時に発生する中和滓を有効利用した路盤材料に関し、特に高炉スラグや石灰を添加することにより路盤材料に要求される塑性指数や修正ＣＢＲ（modified California bearing ratio）、一軸圧縮強度といった品質基準値や性質を大幅に改善した産業副産物利用型の路盤材料及びその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a roadbed material that effectively uses neutralized soot generated during the production of titanium oxide by the sulfuric acid method, and in particular, by adding blast furnace slag and lime, a plasticity index and a modified CBR (modified California bearing ratio) required for the roadbed material. ), An industrial by-product-use roadbed material that greatly improves quality standard values and properties such as uniaxial compressive strength, and a manufacturing method thereof.
近年、地球環境の保全の意識の高まりから、各種産業副産物（廃棄物）の有効利用、すなわち、これらをリサイクル原料として再利用することが検討されている。このような背景の下で、硫酸法により酸化チタン製造する場合に発生する中和滓もリサイクル原料の代表例であり、この中和滓のさらなる有効利用の道筋が模索されている。 In recent years, due to increasing awareness of global environment conservation, various industrial by-products (wastes) are being effectively used, that is, reusing them as recycled raw materials. Under such a background, neutralized soot generated when titanium oxide is produced by the sulfuric acid method is also a representative example of a recycled raw material, and a route for further effective use of this neutralized soot is being sought.
硫酸法により酸化チタン製造には、原料のイルメナイト鉱又はチタンスラグを溶解するために大量の硫酸が使用される。中和滓はこの使用済み硫酸を中和処理し、それを沈降分離・脱水することにより排出される。中和滓の製造プロセスの典型的な一例を図１に示す。 In the production of titanium oxide by the sulfuric acid method, a large amount of sulfuric acid is used to dissolve the raw material ilmenite ore or titanium slag. The neutralized soot is discharged by neutralizing this spent sulfuric acid, separating and dewatering it. A typical example of the process for producing the neutralized soot is shown in FIG.
このような中和滓を有効利用する例としては、例えば、石膏としてボードやセメントなどの建築資材用原料などに再利用する例が知られている。しかしながら、建築資材用原料として使用できる量は発生する中和滓に対し極めて少ないため、その殆どが産業廃棄物として処分されていた。 As an example of effectively using such neutralized soot, an example of reusing it as a raw material for building materials such as board or cement as a plaster is known. However, since the amount that can be used as a raw material for building materials is extremely small relative to the generated neutralized soot, most of them have been disposed of as industrial waste.
また、中和滓はそれ自体路盤材料としての高い支持力を有するものの、その支持力は非常に水の影響を受けやすいという特性があるため、実際の自然環境における路盤材料への適用は殆ど検討されていなかった。
そこで、本発明の目的は、硫酸法による酸化チタン製造時に発生する中和滓を路盤に適用した場合の高い支持力を維持、向上させながら、路盤材料として適用する際に問題となる水に対する影響の度合いを小さくした中和滓を主原料とする路盤材料を提供することにある。 Therefore, the object of the present invention is to affect the water which is a problem when applied as a roadbed material while maintaining and improving the high bearing capacity when the neutralized soot generated during the production of titanium oxide by the sulfuric acid method is applied to the roadbed. An object of the present invention is to provide a roadbed material mainly made of neutralized soot with a reduced degree of the above.
本発明者等は、中和滓の粘土分の含有比率を少なくし水に対する影響の度合いを小さくするため、塑性指数の低下が期待できる水硬性の高い添加材料を探索した。その結果、水硬性の高い材料としては高炉スラグが適しており、中和滓に適量の高炉スラグを添加した場合、水に対する影響の度合いを基準値より小さくできることを見出した。 In order to reduce the content ratio of the clay in the neutralized lees and reduce the degree of influence on water, the present inventors searched for an additive material with high hydraulic properties that can be expected to lower the plasticity index. As a result, it was found that blast furnace slag is suitable as a material having high hydraulic properties, and when an appropriate amount of blast furnace slag is added to the neutralized soot, the degree of influence on water can be made smaller than the reference value.
すなわち、請求項１に記載された発明は、硫酸法による酸化チタン製造時に発生する中和滓と、前記中和滓へ内数で１５〜５０重量％、さらに好ましくは２０〜４０重量％の割合で混合されている高炉スラグとからなる路盤材料及びその製造方法である。
That is, the invention described in
イルメナイト鉱又はチタンスラグを出発原料として、硫酸法により酸化チタン製造する場合に発生する中和滓は、例えば、表１に示されるような成分を有する。表１から理解されるように、中和滓は多くの鉄分を含んでおり、鉄鋼スラグと同様に路盤材料としての適用が期待される。また、溶出試験によっても、中和滓単体では環境有害物質が検出されることはなかった。 The neutralization soot generated when producing titanium oxide by the sulfuric acid method using ilmenite or titanium slag as a starting material has components as shown in Table 1, for example. As can be seen from Table 1, the neutralized soot contains a large amount of iron, and is expected to be used as a roadbed material in the same way as steel slag. Also, in the elution test, no environmentally hazardous substances were detected in the neutralized soot alone.
しかしながら、中和滓単体では、「ＪＩＳ Ａ １２０５」に基づく液性限界試験及び塑性限界試験より求めた塑性指数が２０〜２５と、路盤材料選定において基準となる塑性指数１８よりも高いため、中和滓単独での路盤材料への適用は極めて困難である。そこで、本発明では、中和滓へ水硬性の高い高炉スラグを添加することにより、水に対し支持力が殆ど影響を受けることがない路盤材料及びその製造方法を発明するに至った。 However, with the neutralized soot alone, the plasticity index obtained from the liquid limit test and plastic limit test based on “JIS A 1205” is 20 to 25, which is higher than the plastic index 18 which is the standard in selecting roadbed materials. It is extremely difficult to apply Wa-an alone to roadbed materials. Therefore, in the present invention, by adding blast furnace slag having high hydraulic properties to the neutralized soot, a roadbed material in which the bearing capacity is hardly affected by water and a manufacturing method thereof have been invented.
すなわち、本発明によれば、中和滓へ内数で１５〜５０重量％、さらに好ましくは２０〜４０重量％の割合で高炉スラグを混合することにより、塑性指数を１８以下に改善した路盤材料及びその製造方法を提供することができる。 That is, according to the present invention, the roadbed material whose plasticity index is improved to 18 or less by mixing blast furnace slag with a ratio of 15 to 50% by weight, more preferably 20 to 40% by weight, to the neutralization trough according to the present invention. And a manufacturing method thereof.
路盤材料に含まれる高炉スラグの混合割合は、１５重量％より低い場合、路盤材料の塑性指数が１８を超えてしまい、水に対して安定した支持力を得られなくなる。一方、高炉スラグの混合割合を高くすれば高くするほど中和滓と高炉スラグからなる路盤材料の塑性指数は小さくなるが、高炉スラグの混合割合が５０％を超えてしまうと中和滓を有効利用するという本発明の目的に反することになるので、この値を上限値と定めた。したがって、中和滓を有効利用するという目的に拘らなければ、中和滓に混合する高炉スラグの混合割合を５０重量％より高くして路盤材料の塑性指数をさらに低下させることも可能である。 When the mixing ratio of the blast furnace slag contained in the roadbed material is lower than 15% by weight, the plasticity index of the roadbed material exceeds 18, and a stable supporting force for water cannot be obtained. On the other hand, the higher the mixing ratio of blast furnace slag, the smaller the plasticity index of the subbase material made of neutralized soot and blast furnace slag, but the neutralizing soot becomes effective when the mixing ratio of blast furnace slag exceeds 50% Since this would be contrary to the purpose of the present invention to use, this value was determined as the upper limit value. Therefore, if the purpose of effectively using the neutralized soot is not concerned, the mixing ratio of the blast furnace slag mixed with the neutralized soot can be made higher than 50% by weight to further reduce the plastic index of the roadbed material.
また、中和滓は、元来、路盤材料の強さを評価するための相対的強度を表す修正ＣＢＲ（modified California bearing ratio）において、中和滓（乾燥品）で１１０％、中和滓（未乾燥品）で４１％と既に路盤材料に要求される基準値を満たしている。しかしながら、中和滓に高炉スラグを１５％混合すると修正ＣＢＲはそれぞれさらに１１８％、５５％まで向上する。 In addition, the neutralized cocoon is originally a modified CBR (modified California bearing ratio) representing the relative strength for evaluating the strength of the roadbed material. (Dried product) is 41% and already satisfies the standard value required for roadbed materials. However, when 15% of blast furnace slag is mixed with the neutralized soot, the modified CBR is further improved to 118% and 55%, respectively.
なお、中和滓へ高炉スラグを混合した場合であっても、溶出試験において本発明による路盤材料から六価クロムは検出されなかった。この要因は定かではないが、中和滓単体には六価クロムが含まれていないこと及び高炉スラグによる六価クロム抑制効果が寄与したものと推察される。 Even when blast furnace slag was mixed into the neutralization tub, hexavalent chromium was not detected from the roadbed material according to the present invention in the elution test. Although this factor is not clear, it is assumed that the neutralized soot alone does not contain hexavalent chromium and that the blast furnace slag has an effect of suppressing hexavalent chromium.
請求項２に記載された発明は、請求項１に記載の路盤材料１００重量部に対し、石灰をさらに３重量部以上添加した路盤材料である。
The invention described in
中和滓へ高炉スラグを混合した路盤材料はその塑性指数を大幅に改善することできるから、例えば、塑性指数を１８以下に低下させた路盤材料は石灰系安定処理路盤の施工に使用することができ、また、塑性指数を９まで低下させた路盤材料はセメント系安定処理路盤や下層路盤におけるアスファルト系安定処理路盤に使用することができる。そこで、請求項２に記載された発明では、上記の適用範囲の中で石灰系安定処理路盤に適した石灰の添加量が存在することを実験により見出した。
Since the roadbed material in which blast furnace slag is mixed with the neutralized iron can greatly improve its plasticity index, for example, the roadbed material with the plasticity index lowered to 18 or less can be used for the construction of lime-based stabilized roadbeds. In addition, the roadbed material having a plasticity index reduced to 9 can be used for cement-based stable treated roadbeds and asphalt-based stable treated roadbeds in lower layer roadbeds. Therefore, in the invention described in
その結果、中和滓及び高炉スラグからなる路盤材料１００重量部に対し、石灰をさらに３重量部以上添加した場合、一軸圧縮強さは１０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２以上と、下層路盤における一軸圧縮強さの基準値７ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２以上及び上層路盤における一軸圧縮強さの基準値１０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２以上のいずれの基準値もクリアできることが判った。
As a result, when 3 parts by weight or more of lime is further added to 100 parts by weight of the base material made of neutralized soot and blast furnace slag, the uniaxial compressive strength is 10 kgf / cm 2 or more, which is the uniaxial compressive strength of the lower base course. It was found that both the
なお、中和滓及び高炉スラグからなる混合物へ石灰を添加した場合であっても、溶出試験において本発明による路盤材料から六価クロムは検出されなかった。この要因は定かではないが、中和滓単体には六価クロムが含まれていないこと及び高炉スラグによる六価クロム抑制効果が寄与したものと推察される。 Even when lime was added to the mixture composed of neutralized soot and blast furnace slag, hexavalent chromium was not detected from the roadbed material according to the present invention in the dissolution test. Although this factor is not clear, it is assumed that the neutralized soot alone does not contain hexavalent chromium and that the blast furnace slag has an effect of suppressing hexavalent chromium.
請求項３に記載された発明は請求項２に記載の路盤材料の中、中和滓８０重量部と高炉スラグ２０重量部の混合物に対し、石灰を３〜４重量部添加した路盤材料に限定したものである。
The invention described in
中和滓、高炉スラグ及び石灰の成分には酸化カルシウム（ＣａＯ）が含まれており、これが水と反応すると体積が約２倍となるため、本発明による路盤材料を石灰系安定処理路盤へ適用した場合の体積膨張が懸念される。しかしながら、中和滓８０重量部と高炉スラグ２０重量部の混合物に対して、石灰の添加量を好ましくは外数で３〜６重量％、さらに好ましくは３〜４重量％の範囲に限定すれば、水浸膨張試験において、本発明による路盤材料の体積膨張率を０．６％未満に抑えることができ、基準値の体積膨張率１．５％を大幅に下回ることが判った。 The components of neutralized soot, blast furnace slag, and lime contain calcium oxide (CaO), and when this reacts with water, the volume is approximately doubled. Therefore, the roadbed material according to the present invention is applied to the lime-based stabilized roadbed. There is concern about volume expansion. However, if the amount of lime added is preferably 3 to 6% by weight, more preferably 3 to 4% by weight, based on a mixture of 80 parts by weight of neutralized soot and 20 parts by weight of blast furnace slag. In the water immersion expansion test, it was found that the volume expansion coefficient of the roadbed material according to the present invention can be suppressed to less than 0.6%, which is significantly lower than the reference value of 1.5%.
本発明によれば、硫酸法による酸化チタン製造時に発生する中和滓へ適量の高炉スラグを混合することにより、塑性指数が大幅に改善された、すなわち、水に対して支持力が殆ど影響を受けることがない路盤材料及びその製造方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, by mixing an appropriate amount of blast furnace slag into the neutralized soot generated during the production of titanium oxide by the sulfuric acid method, the plasticity index is greatly improved, that is, the bearing capacity has almost no influence on water. A roadbed material that is not received and a method of manufacturing the same can be provided.
また、本発明によれば、塑性指数を６から１８の間までに低下させた路盤材料は石灰系安定処理路盤材料として使用することができ、また、塑性指数を９以下にまで低下させた路盤材料はセメント系安定処理路盤材料及び下層路盤におけるアスファルト系安定処理路盤材料として使用することができる。 Further, according to the present invention, a roadbed material having a plasticity index reduced to between 6 and 18 can be used as a lime-based stable treated roadbed material, and a roadbed material having a plasticity index reduced to 9 or less. The material can be used as cement-based stable treated roadbed material and asphalt-based stable treated roadbed material in lower layer roadbed.
このため、本発明によれば、特に石灰系安定処理路盤材料としてさらに適量の石灰の添加することにより、下層路盤及び上層路盤におけるいずれの一軸圧縮強さの基準値を上回る一軸圧縮強さが１０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２以上の路盤材料及びその製造方法を提供することができる。 Therefore, according to the present invention, particularly by adding an appropriate amount of lime as a lime-based stable treated roadbed material, the uniaxial compression strength exceeding the standard value of any uniaxial compression strength in the lower layer roadbed and the upper layer roadbed is 10 kgf. / Cm 2 or more roadbed material and a method for producing the same can be provided.
さらに、本発明によれば、中和滓８０重量部と高炉スラグ２０重量部の混合物に対し石灰を３〜４重量部添加することにより、水浸膨張試験における路盤材料の体積膨張率が０．６％未満に抑えられた路盤材料及びその製造方法を提供することができる。 Furthermore, according to the present invention, 3-4 parts by weight of lime is added to a mixture of 80 parts by weight of the neutralized soot and 20 parts by weight of the blast furnace slag, so that the volume expansion coefficient of the roadbed material in the water immersion expansion test is 0. A roadbed material suppressed to less than 6% and a manufacturing method thereof can be provided.
なお、本発明による中和滓及び高炉スラグからなる路盤材料およびこれに石灰を添加した路盤材料は、溶出試験においても六価クロム等の有害物質は殆ど検出されないことから、本発明によれば、主としてリサイクル原料（産業廃棄物）を有効利用しながら環境に優しい路盤材料及びその製造方法を提供することができる。 In addition, according to the present invention, since the roadbed material made of neutralized soot and blast furnace slag according to the present invention and the roadbed material to which lime is added are hardly detected harmful substances such as hexavalent chromium even in the dissolution test, An environment-friendly roadbed material and a method for manufacturing the same can be provided while effectively using mainly recycled raw materials (industrial waste).
以下、本発明を実施例により説明する。なお、本発明は以下に示される実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の技術的思想を逸脱しない範囲内で各種の変更が可能である。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples. In addition, this invention is not limited to the Example shown below, A various change is possible within the range which does not deviate from the technical idea of this invention.
路盤材料原料：
本実施例では、路盤材料の主原料として、テイカ株式会社岡山工場において発生する中和滓を使用した。この中和滓は硫酸法による酸化チタンの製造工程において発生する産業副産物である。なお、本実施例で用いられた中和滓に含まれる主な成分は、上記表１に示されている。また、前記中和滓に添加する高炉スラグには、表２に示される特性を有するＪＦＥミネラル株式会社 福山製造所で発生する粉状の高炉スラグを使用した。
Roadbed material :
In this example, neutralized soot generated at Okayama Factory, Teika Co., Ltd. was used as the main raw material for roadbed materials. This neutralized soot is an industrial byproduct generated in the production process of titanium oxide by the sulfuric acid method. The main components contained in the neutralized soot used in this example are shown in Table 1 above. Moreover, the powdery blast furnace slag which generate | occur | produces in the JFE mineral Co., Ltd. Fukuyama factory which has the characteristic shown by Table 2 was used for the blast furnace slag added to the said neutralization slag.
[塑性限界指数による評価]
「ＪＩＳ Ａ １２０５」に基づく液性限界試験及び塑性限界試験より、本発明による路盤材料の塑性指数等を求めた。
（１）試料の作製：
中和滓及び高炉スラグは、「ＪＩＳ Ｚ ８８０１」に規定する標準ふるい４２５μｍを通過したものを試料とした。なお、乾燥した後の中和滓はビー玉程度の大きさを形成しているので、試料の作製にはこれをハンマー等で細かく砕き、上記標準ふるいを通過させたものを使用した。また、試料の量は液性限界試験用には２００ｇ、塑性限界試験用には３０ｇを用いた。
[Evaluation by plastic limit index]
From the liquid limit test and the plastic limit test based on “JIS A 1205”, the plasticity index and the like of the roadbed material according to the present invention were determined.
(1) Preparation of sample :
The neutralized soot and blast furnace slag were used as samples that passed through a standard sieve 425 μm defined in “JIS Z 8801”. In addition, since the neutralized soot after drying formed the size of a marble, the sample was crushed with a hammer or the like and passed through the standard sieve. The amount of the sample was 200 g for the liquid limit test and 30 g for the plastic limit test.
また、液性限界試験及び塑性限界試験においては、中和滓及び高炉スラグの混合比率を表３のように変化させた路盤材料の試料を作製して実験を行った。
（２）液性限界試験及び塑性限界試験方法：
液性限界試験及び塑性限界試験は、上記試料について「ＪＩＳ Ａ １２０５」に基づく液性限界試験及び塑性限界試験を行うことにより、それぞれの液性限界及び塑性限界を求めた。
(2) Liquid limit test and plastic limit test method :
In the liquid limit test and the plastic limit test, the liquid limit and the plastic limit were obtained by performing the liquid limit test and the plastic limit test based on “JIS A 1205” for the sample.
（３）試験結果：
上記液性限界及び塑性限界より、各路盤材料の塑性指数を求めた。高炉スラグ添加率と塑性指数との関係を図２に示す。
(3) Test results :
From the liquid limit and plastic limit, the plastic index of each roadbed material was determined. The relationship between the blast furnace slag addition rate and the plasticity index is shown in FIG.
路盤材料の塑性指数が下層路盤では６以上、上層路盤では４以上であると水の影響を受け易く、セメントや石灰などの安定処理を施さなければそのままの状態では使用することができない。図２によれば、中和滓単体である比較例の場合、塑性指数は中和滓（乾燥品）で２５、中和滓（未乾燥品）で２４の高い値となるため、塑性指数の低下を図らなければならないことが判る。 If the plasticity index of the roadbed material is 6 or higher for the lower roadbed and 4 or higher for the upper roadbed, it is easily affected by water and cannot be used as it is unless it is subjected to a stabilizing treatment such as cement or lime. According to FIG. 2, in the case of the comparative example that is a neutralized cocoon alone, the plasticity index is a high value of 25 for the neutralized cocoon (dried product) and 24 for the neutralized cocoon (undried product). It turns out that we must try to reduce it.
一方、実施例１〜３のように高炉スラグを内数で１０重量％から２０重量％中和滓へ添加した場合は、高炉スラグの添加量の増加にほぼ反比例する形で路盤材料の塑性指数が低下することが判った。これは、高炉スラグを添加することにより、水硬性を有し長期的にも高い支持力を発揮するという高炉スラグの特性が寄与したものと考えられる。 On the other hand, when the blast furnace slag was added from 10% by weight to 20% by weight neutralized soot as in Examples 1 to 3, the plasticity index of the roadbed material in a form almost inversely proportional to the increase in the amount of blast furnace slag added. Was found to be reduced. This is thought to be due to the addition of blast furnace slag, which contributes to the characteristics of blast furnace slag, which is hydraulic and exhibits a high bearing capacity over the long term.
また、安定化処理材として本発明による路盤材料を利用するためには塑性指数が１８以下としなければならないので、図２より、中和滓へ高炉スラグを内数で少なくとも１５重量％より多く添加する必要があり、好ましくは２０重量％以上高炉スラグを添加する必要がある。 Further, in order to use the roadbed material according to the present invention as the stabilizing treatment material, the plasticity index must be 18 or less. Therefore, from FIG. 2, at least 15% by weight of blast furnace slag is added to the neutralization pad. It is necessary to add blast furnace slag, preferably 20% by weight or more.
一方、高炉スラグを内数で５０重量％以上添加すると、本発明による路盤材料は粒状路盤材料又は粒度調整路盤材料として利用できることも期待されるが、高炉スラグの添加量を中和滓より多くしてしまうと中和滓を有効利用するという本発明の目的に反することになるので、この値を上限値と定めた。したがって、中和滓を有効利用するという目的に拘らなければ、中和滓に混合する高炉スラグの混合割合を内数で５０重量％より高くして路盤材料の塑性指数をさらに低下させることも可能である。ただし、本発明に使用する中和滓が硫酸法による酸化チタンの製造工程において大量に発生する産業副産物であることを考慮すると、中和滓に添加される高炉スラグの割合は４０重量％以下に抑えることが望ましい。 On the other hand, when 50% by weight or more of blast furnace slag is added, it is expected that the roadbed material according to the present invention can be used as a granular roadbed material or a particle size-adjusted roadbed material, but the amount of blast furnace slag added is larger than that of neutralized soot. If this happens, it would be contrary to the object of the present invention to effectively use the neutralized soot, so this value was set as the upper limit value. Therefore, if the purpose of effectively using the neutralized slag is not concerned, the mixing ratio of the blast furnace slag mixed with the neutralized slag can be made higher than 50% by weight to further reduce the plastic index of the roadbed material. It is. However, considering that the neutralized soot used in the present invention is an industrial byproduct generated in a large amount in the production process of titanium oxide by the sulfuric acid method, the proportion of blast furnace slag added to the neutralized soot is 40% by weight or less. It is desirable to suppress.
[修正ＣＢＲによる評価]
次に「ＪＩＳ Ａ １２１１」に規定されるＣＢＲ試験を行い、高炉スラグの添加率の違いによる各路盤材料のＣＢＲ及び修正ＣＢＲを求めた。ここで、ＣＢＲ（California bearing ratio）とは、路盤材料や盛土材料の品質基準を表す指標であり、現場締固め条件に合わせて求めた砕石、砂利、スラグなどの粒状・粉状路盤材料の強度を相対的に示す指標である。
[Evaluation by modified CBR]
Next, the CBR test specified in “JIS A 1211” was performed, and the CBR and the modified CBR of each base material due to the difference in the addition rate of blast furnace slag were obtained. Here, CBR (California bearing ratio) is an index that represents the quality standards of roadbed materials and embankment materials, and the strength of granular and powdery roadbed materials such as crushed stone, gravel, and slag determined according to the compaction conditions at the site. Is a relative indicator.
（１）修正ＣＢＲ試験方法：
ＣＢＲ試験では、はじめに舗装試験法便覧「１−３−８ 突固め試験方法」の呼び名２．５に従って３層９２回の突固め試験を行い最適含水比を求めた。次に、前記突固め試験により求められた最適含水比を用いて３層１７、４２及び９２回の３通りの突固め回数で締固めた供試体を作製し、この供試体を水浸後の貫入試験を行うことによりＣＢＲ及び修正ＣＢＲを求めた。なお、ＣＢＲは所定貫入量における標準荷重強さに対する百分率をいい、また、修正ＣＢＲ（modified California bearing ratio）とは、通常３層９２回突固めた時の締固め度９５％のＣＢＲをいう。
(1) Modified CBR test method :
In the CBR test, first, the optimum moisture content was determined by performing a three-layer 92 times tamping test according to the name 2.5 of the pavement test method manual “1-3-8 tamping test method”. Next, using the optimum water content ratio determined by the tamping test, a specimen was compacted with three tamping times of three layers 17, 42, and 92, and this specimen was immersed in water. CBR and modified CBR were determined by performing an intrusion test. CBR refers to a percentage with respect to the standard load strength at a predetermined penetration amount, and a modified CBR (modified California bearing ratio) refers to a CBR with a degree of compaction of 95% when the three layers are usually tamped 92 times.
（２）試験結果：
「ＪＩＳ Ａ １２１１」に基づくＣＢＲ試験により、比較例及び実施例１〜３における修正ＣＢＲを求めた。各路盤材料における高炉スラグの添加率と修正ＣＢＲ等との関係を表４に示す。
The modified CBR in Comparative Examples and Examples 1 to 3 was determined by a CBR test based on “JIS A 1211”. Table 4 shows the relationship between the blast furnace slag addition rate and the modified CBR and the like in each base material.
各路盤材料の支持力特性は、表４からも明らかなように中和滓単体（比較例）においても規格値を十分に満たしている。しかしながら、実施例１〜３のように中和滓に高炉スラグを添加することにより、本発明による路盤材料の修正ＣＢＲは最大で未乾燥品で６２％、乾燥品で１２１％まで増加することが判った。 As can be seen from Table 4, the bearing capacity characteristics of the respective roadbed materials sufficiently satisfy the standard value even in the neutralized kite alone (comparative example). However, by adding blast furnace slag to the neutralization jar as in Examples 1 to 3, the modified CBR of the roadbed material according to the present invention may increase up to 62% for undried products and 121% for dry products. understood.
この結果、本発明による路盤材料は、例えば、その基本組成として中和滓８５重量％に対して高炉スラグを１５重量％添加することにより、石灰安定処理路盤材料として利用可能であることが判明した。 As a result, it has been found that the roadbed material according to the present invention can be used as a lime-stabilized roadbed material, for example, by adding 15% by weight of blast furnace slag to 85% by weight of neutralized soot as its basic composition. .
[一軸圧縮強さによる評価]
石灰安定処理路盤材料として最適な石灰添加量を求めるため、中和滓と高炉スラグからなる混合物に対しさらに石灰を外数で１重量％、２重量％、３重量％、４重量％、５重量％添加した供試体を作製し、側圧を受けない状態で一軸圧縮強さを求めた。
[Evaluation by uniaxial compressive strength]
In order to obtain the optimum amount of lime added as a lime-stabilized roadbed material, 1% by weight, 2% by weight, 3% by weight, 4% by weight, 5% by weight of lime is added to the mixture of neutralized soot and blast furnace slag. Specimens with a% addition were prepared, and the uniaxial compressive strength was determined in a state where no side pressure was applied.
（１）供試体の作製：
中和滓８０重量％と高炉スラグ２０重量％を添加した混合物に対し、さらに石灰を外数で１重量％、２重量％、３重量％、４重量％、５重量％添加した５種類の試料を準備した。この試料を用いて舗装試験法便覧「２−４−１ 安定処理混合物の突固め試験方法」の呼び名１．４に従って直径５ｃｍ、高さ１０ｃｍの供試体を作製することは困難であったため、代わりに下記の式１を用いて、呼び名１．４の締固めエネルギーＥｃ：約５５０ｋＪ／ｍ３と同等のエネルギーとなるようにランマー質量ＷＲ：１．５ｋｇ、ランマー落下高さＨ：２０ｃｍ、モールド直径：５ｃｍ、モールド高さ：１０ｃｍ、突固め層数ＮＬ：３層、一層当たりの突固め回数ＮＢ：１３回の条件でそれぞれに石灰の添加量が異なる供試体を作製した。
Ｅｃ＝〔ＷＲ（ｋＮ）×Ｈ（ｍ）×ＮＬ×ＮＢ〕／Ｖ（ｍ３）・・・（式１）
供試体は、作製後、ポリエチレンシートで密封し温度２０±３℃に調節された室内で９日間室内養生をした後、ポリエチレンシートを外して温度２０±３℃に調節された水中で２４時間水浸養生を行った。
(1) Preparation of specimen :
Five types of samples with 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5% by weight of lime added to the mixture with 80% by weight of neutralized soot and 20% by weight of blast furnace slag. Prepared. Since it was difficult to prepare a specimen having a diameter of 5 cm and a height of 10 cm in accordance with the name 1.4 of the pavement test method manual “2-4-1 tamping test method for stable treatment mixture” using this sample, using
Ec = [W R (kN) × H (m) × N L × N B ] / V (m 3 ) (Formula 1)
After the preparation, the specimen was sealed with a polyethylene sheet and cured indoors in a room adjusted to a temperature of 20 ± 3 ° C. for 9 days, and then removed from the polyethylene sheet for 24 hours in water adjusted to a temperature of 20 ± 3 ° C. Carried out.
（２）一軸圧縮試験方法：
一軸圧縮試験は、２４時間水浸養生が終了した供試体表面の水滴を拭き取りその質量及び寸法を計測した後、圧縮試験機で毎分１％の圧縮ひずみを与えながら供試体が破壊するまで圧縮し、その時の最大値を記録することにより行った。
(2) Uniaxial compression test method :
In the uniaxial compression test, water droplets on the surface of the specimen after 24 hours of water curing are wiped off, the mass and dimensions are measured, and then compression is performed until the specimen breaks while applying a compression strain of 1% per minute with a compression tester. The maximum value at that time was recorded.
（３）試験結果：
図３に、一軸圧縮試験により求められた石灰添加率と一軸強さとの関係を示す。
(3) Test results :
In FIG. 3, the relationship between the lime addition rate calculated | required by the uniaxial compression test and uniaxial strength is shown.
図３より明らかなように、中和滓と高炉スラグからなる混合物へ石灰の添加率を増加させてゆくと供試体の一軸圧縮強さも増加していくことが判った。なお、未乾燥品に関しては、混合を十分に行わないと高炉スラグおよび石灰が十分反応しないため一軸圧縮強さが上がらず、基準値の一軸圧縮強度を満足しない値が出ることがある。したがって、混合を慎重に行う必要がある。また、参考として石灰を添加しない中和滓と高炉スラグのみからなる供試体を水浸させたところ、２４時間後には一軸圧縮試験を行うことができないほど供試体は原形を留めることなく崩壊していた。 As is clear from FIG. 3, it was found that the uniaxial compressive strength of the specimen increased as the lime addition rate increased to the mixture of neutralized soot and blast furnace slag. In addition, about an undried product, since blast furnace slag and lime do not fully react if mixing is not fully performed, a uniaxial compressive strength does not go up, and the value which does not satisfy the uniaxial compressive strength of a reference value may come out. Therefore, careful mixing is required. Also, as a reference, when a specimen consisting only of neutralized soot without lime and blast furnace slag was submerged, the specimen collapsed without retaining its original shape so that a uniaxial compression test could not be performed after 24 hours. It was.
また、石灰安定処理路盤材料として要求される一軸圧縮強さの基準値は、下層路盤で７ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２以上、上層路盤で１０ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２以上であるため、中和滓と高炉スラグからなる路盤材料の場合、少なくとも外数で３重量％以上の石灰の添加が必要であることが判明した。
The reference value of the uniaxial compressive strength required as lime Stabilized base course material is at lower roadbed 7 kgf / cm 2 or more, because it is in
[水浸膨張試験]
中和滓、高炉スラグ及び石灰の成分には酸化カルシウム（ＣａＯ）が含まれており、これが水と反応すると体積が約２倍となるため、特に石灰が添加された本発明による路盤材料の体積膨張が懸念される。そこで、石灰が添加された石灰安定処理路盤向けの路盤材料について水浸膨張試験を行った。
[Water immersion expansion test]
The components of neutralized soot, blast furnace slag, and lime contain calcium oxide (CaO), and when this reacts with water, the volume is about doubled, so the volume of the roadbed material according to the present invention to which lime is added is particularly high. There is concern about expansion. Then, the water immersion expansion test was done about the roadbed material for the lime stabilization processing roadbed to which the lime was added.
（１）供試体の作製：
中和滓８０重量％と高炉スラグ２０重量％を添加した混合物に対し、さらに石灰を外数で３重量％、４重量％添加した２種類の試料を準備した。この試料を用いて舗装試験法便覧「２−４−１ 安定処理混合物の突固め試験方法」の呼び名２．５に従って突固め試験を行い、石灰が３重量％、４重量％添加された試料の最適含水比を求めた。この結果、石灰が３重量％添加された試料の最適含水比を４４％とし、石灰が４重量％添加された試料の最適含水比を４７％として舗装試験法便覧「２−４−１ 安定処理混合物の突固め試験方法」の呼び名２．５に従って直径１５ｃｍ、高さ１２．５ｃｍの供試体を作製した。
(1) Preparation of specimen :
Two types of samples were prepared by adding 3% by weight and 4% by weight of lime to the mixture to which 80% by weight of neutralized soot and 20% by weight of blast furnace slag were added. Using this sample, a tamping test was conducted in accordance with the name 2.5 of the pavement test method manual “2-4-1 tamping test method of a stable treatment mixture”, and a sample of 3% by weight and 4% by weight of lime was added. The optimum water content was determined. As a result, the optimal water content ratio of the sample to which 3% by weight of lime was added was 44%, and the optimal water content ratio of the sample to which 4% by weight of lime was added was 47%. A specimen having a diameter of 15 cm and a height of 12.5 cm was prepared in accordance with the name 2.5 of “Mixture tamping test method”.
（２）水浸膨張試験方法：
水浸膨張試験は、舗装やその他の荷重を考慮するための軸付き有孔板５ｋｇを供試体に載せ、供試体を水槽内に水浸させ変位計をセットした後、１ｈ、２ｈ、４ｈ、８ｈ、２４ｈ、４８ｈ、７２ｈ、９６ｈ経過時の変位計を読み取ることにより行った。ただし、９６ｈ経過時においても供試体の膨張が進行していた場合は、膨張が一定に落ち着くまで供試体の水浸を続けた。
(2) Water immersion expansion test method :
In the water immersion expansion test, a perforated plate with a shaft for considering pavement and other loads is placed on a specimen, the specimen is immersed in a water tank, a displacement meter is set, 1h, 2h, 4h, This was done by reading the displacement meter after 8h, 24h, 48h, 72h, 96h. However, in the case where expansion of the specimen continued even after 96 hours had passed, the specimen was immersed in water until the expansion settled down to a certain level.
（３）試験結果：
図４に、水浸膨張試験により求められた石灰を３重量％、４重量％添加した場合の水浸時間と膨張率との関係を示す。
(3) Test results :
FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the water immersion time and the expansion rate when 3% by weight and 4% by weight of lime obtained by the water immersion expansion test are added.
図４より明らかなように、中和滓と高炉スラグからなる混合物へ石灰を外数で好ましくは３〜６重量％、さらに好ましくは３〜４重量％添加しても供試体の膨張率はいずれも０．６％未満に収まり、石灰安定処理路盤材料として要求される膨張率である１．５％を大幅に下回ることが判った。 As is clear from FIG. 4, even when lime is added to the mixture composed of neutralized soot and blast furnace slag, preferably 3 to 6% by weight, more preferably 3 to 4% by weight, the expansion rate of the specimen does not increase. It was also found to be less than 0.6%, which is significantly lower than 1.5%, which is an expansion coefficient required as a lime-stabilized roadbed material.
この結果、中和滓と高炉スラグからなる混合物に石灰を添加した路盤材料の場合、中和滓８０重量％と高炉スラグ２０重量％を添加した混合物に対し、石灰を外数で３〜４重量％添加することにより路盤材料の体積膨張を十分に抑制できることが判った。 As a result, in the case of a roadbed material in which lime is added to a mixture of neutralized dredging and blast furnace slag, 3 to 4 wt. It was found that the volume expansion of the roadbed material can be sufficiently suppressed by adding%.
本発明によれば、硫酸法による酸化チタンの製造工程で発生する中和滓に適量の高炉スラグを添加することにより、路盤材料として有効利用することができる。また、中和滓と高炉スラグからなる混合物に適量の石灰を添加することにより、石灰安定処理路盤材料としても有効利用することができる。 According to the present invention, an appropriate amount of blast furnace slag can be effectively used as a roadbed material by adding an appropriate amount of blast furnace slag to the neutralized soot generated in the production process of titanium oxide by the sulfuric acid method. Further, by adding an appropriate amount of lime to a mixture of neutralized soot and blast furnace slag, it can be effectively used as a lime-stabilized roadbed material.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006247429A JP4942433B2 (en) | 2006-09-13 | 2006-09-13 | Roadbed material using neutralization ridge and method for producing the same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006247429A JP4942433B2 (en) | 2006-09-13 | 2006-09-13 | Roadbed material using neutralization ridge and method for producing the same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2008069525A true JP2008069525A (en) | 2008-03-27 |
| JP4942433B2 JP4942433B2 (en) | 2012-05-30 |
Family
ID=39291350
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006247429A Expired - Fee Related JP4942433B2 (en) | 2006-09-13 | 2006-09-13 | Roadbed material using neutralization ridge and method for producing the same |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP4942433B2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2941489A1 (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2015-11-11 | Sachtleben Chemie GmbH | Titanium-containing aggregate, method for the production thereof and use thereof |
| CN109456027A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-12 | 西南科技大学 | One kind mentioning titanium slag lime stabilization crushed stone material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110482966A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-11-22 | 北京矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Compound cemented filling material and its preparation method and application |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5939756A (en) * | 1982-08-24 | 1984-03-05 | 堺化学工業株式会社 | Manufacture of hardenable composition from waste sulfuric acid |
| JPH05117001A (en) * | 1991-10-24 | 1993-05-14 | Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha Ltd | Hardened material of cement |
| JPH08311446A (en) * | 1995-05-16 | 1996-11-26 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Solidifier for soil conditioning |
| JPH11310441A (en) * | 1998-04-28 | 1999-11-09 | Kyoei Steel Ltd | Modification of steelmaking reduced slag |
| JP2002146709A (en) * | 2000-11-14 | 2002-05-22 | Taihei Kogyo Co Ltd | Water permeable base material utilizing reclaimed aggregate |
| JP2003012363A (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2003-01-15 | Nippon Steel Corp | Water sealing and high strength roadbed material and ground covering material using granulated blast furnace slag |
| JP2005042497A (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2005-02-17 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Roadbed material and its manufacturing method |
| JP2005139829A (en) * | 2003-11-10 | 2005-06-02 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Permeable subbase course, its manufacturing method and permeable pavement |
| JP2006000721A (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2006-01-05 | Jfe Steel Kk | Method of manufacturing material for civil engineering and construction |
-
2006
- 2006-09-13 JP JP2006247429A patent/JP4942433B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5939756A (en) * | 1982-08-24 | 1984-03-05 | 堺化学工業株式会社 | Manufacture of hardenable composition from waste sulfuric acid |
| JPH05117001A (en) * | 1991-10-24 | 1993-05-14 | Ishihara Sangyo Kaisha Ltd | Hardened material of cement |
| JPH08311446A (en) * | 1995-05-16 | 1996-11-26 | Mitsubishi Materials Corp | Solidifier for soil conditioning |
| JPH11310441A (en) * | 1998-04-28 | 1999-11-09 | Kyoei Steel Ltd | Modification of steelmaking reduced slag |
| JP2002146709A (en) * | 2000-11-14 | 2002-05-22 | Taihei Kogyo Co Ltd | Water permeable base material utilizing reclaimed aggregate |
| JP2003012363A (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2003-01-15 | Nippon Steel Corp | Water sealing and high strength roadbed material and ground covering material using granulated blast furnace slag |
| JP2005042497A (en) * | 2003-07-25 | 2005-02-17 | Nisshin Steel Co Ltd | Roadbed material and its manufacturing method |
| JP2005139829A (en) * | 2003-11-10 | 2005-06-02 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Permeable subbase course, its manufacturing method and permeable pavement |
| JP2006000721A (en) * | 2004-06-16 | 2006-01-05 | Jfe Steel Kk | Method of manufacturing material for civil engineering and construction |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2941489A1 (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2015-11-11 | Sachtleben Chemie GmbH | Titanium-containing aggregate, method for the production thereof and use thereof |
| US20150344363A1 (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2015-12-03 | Sachtleben Chemie Gmbh | Titanium-Containing Aggregate, Method for its Manufacture, and Use Thereof |
| JP2016510255A (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2016-04-07 | サハトレーベン・ヒェミー・ゲーエムベーハー | Titanium-containing aggregate, production method thereof and use thereof |
| JP2018090486A (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2018-06-14 | サハトレーベン・ヒェミー・ゲーエムベーハー | Titanium-containing aggregate, method for its manufacture, and use thereof |
| CN109456027A (en) * | 2018-12-07 | 2019-03-12 | 西南科技大学 | One kind mentioning titanium slag lime stabilization crushed stone material and preparation method thereof |
| CN110482966A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2019-11-22 | 北京矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Compound cemented filling material and its preparation method and application |
| CN110482966B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-10-22 | 北京矿冶科技集团有限公司 | Composite cemented filling material and preparation method and application thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP4942433B2 (en) | 2012-05-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Wang et al. | Preparation of non-sintered permeable bricks using electrolytic manganese residue: Environmental and NH3-N recovery benefits | |
| Zhang | Production of bricks from waste materials–A review | |
| Wu et al. | Characteristics of pervious concrete using incineration bottom ash in place of sandstone graded material | |
| Raheem et al. | A comparative study of cement and lime stabilized lateritic interlocking blocks | |
| KR100852393B1 (en) | Method for solidifying soils and industrial wastes, and materials solidified by the method | |
| JP2011038104A (en) | Chemical agent for improving engineering properties of soil | |
| KR101438060B1 (en) | Concrete mixture for base course of the road using the reclaimed coal ash and recycled aggregate and manufacturing method thereof | |
| JP6184149B2 (en) | Fired product | |
| KR100852391B1 (en) | Composition for solidifying soils and industrial wastes | |
| CN106746814B (en) | A kind of slag aggregate processing method | |
| Abdalqadir et al. | Using steel slag for stabilizing clayey soil in Sulaimani City-Iraq | |
| JP4942433B2 (en) | Roadbed material using neutralization ridge and method for producing the same | |
| KR101717689B1 (en) | Waterproof-structure for waste landfill and construction method thereof | |
| KR100639298B1 (en) | Method for solidifying soil and industrial wastes, and soil and industrial wastes solidified by the method | |
| EP2113494A1 (en) | Cement additive, cement composition, cement composition comprising waste material, and processes for making and using the same | |
| Moayed et al. | Effect of wetting-drying cycles on CBR values of silty subgrade soil of Karaj railway | |
| Wang et al. | A new civil engineering material: normal temperature modified phosphogypsum embedded filler | |
| JP5186610B1 (en) | Fired product | |
| KR100619939B1 (en) | Composition for solidifying soil and industrial wastes | |
| Kolo et al. | Sawdust ash stabilization of weak lateritic soil | |
| Wang et al. | Incineration Bottom Ash as Aggregate for Controlled Low Strength Materials: Implications and Coping Strategies | |
| KR100877589B1 (en) | Composition for solidifying soils and industrial wastes | |
| Ranjitham et al. | Effect of silica fumes on properties of concrete | |
| Othman et al. | Utilization Oil Based Industrial Sludge as Potential Construction Components | |
| JP2013220948A (en) | Banking method using coal ash and method for manufacturing tamping material |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20090520 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20100826 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20110628 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20120221 |
|
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20120228 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 4942433 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
| FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20150309 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
| LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |