JP2008043841A - Apparatus for treatment of sludge - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for treatment of sludge which can simply be installed in drainage treatment facilities and efficiently reducing the amount of sludge at a low cost since a final disposal plant receiving sewage sludge at present expects that half of the number cannot receive it within several years from the limit of treatment capability and requires the volume reduction of sludge. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus comprises removing excess sludge of the drainage treatment facilities to a sludge modification tank, making modification and a matrix of the excess sludge by the physical and chemical effect of cavitation striking supernatant water obtained in a sedimentation tank to the excess sludge from a horn type nozzle having an aperture of 1 to 3 mm as cavitation generation water, and further retreating this by an active microorganism in a biological tank to reduce the amount and the volume of the excess sludge. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention treats organic surplus sludge generated in a wastewater treatment facility using a cavitation phenomenon, and particularly relates to a sludge treatment apparatus for sludge reduction / volume reduction installed and used in a treatment facility. Is.

Japan's industrial waste is about 393 million tons (fiscal 2002), of which sludge is about 184,440,000 tons (46.4%). Sludge accounts for about 19% of the total amount of industrial waste generated (FY 2001), and the amount of generated sludge increases year by year with the spread of sewerage.

On the other hand, half of the final disposal sites that accept sewage sludge are expected to become unacceptable within a few years, and further reduction of sludge is necessary in the future (circulation-type social white paper ( (2003 edition) edited by Ministry of the Environment). For this purpose, there is a strong demand for the rapid development of an organic sewage sludge reduction system that can be installed according to the current system, and that is simple and inexpensive.

The majority of sewage sludge is activated sludge surplus. The surplus sludge as used herein refers to activated sludge that has increased excessively when adjusted to a certain microbial concentration (MLSS) in biological treatment such as the activated sludge method.

The methods currently being researched and developed to reduce and eliminate excess sewage sludge include ozone treatment, mill crushing treatment, aerobic thermobacterial treatment, electrolytic electric shock treatment, oxidant treatment, ultrasonic treatment, high-pressure jet ( There are cavitation processing methods. The above ozone treatment method requires chemicals, relatively large energy, and incidental facilities. On the other hand, the ultrasonic processing method and the high-pressure jet processing method are based on physical processing.

The method using the cavitation generated by the water jet shown in Patent Document 1 is a high-pressure system in which the supernatant water settled and separated in the sludge sedimentation tank is placed on the wall of the biological treatment tank (sludge-containing water tank) as high-pressure water by a plunger pump. Sludge is reformed by ejecting from a nozzle for water injection. Another method is a reactor method in which the supernatant water is pressurized with a high-pressure pump and blown into excess sludge from a nozzle.

JP 2004-49938 A

However, in the case of the above example, the installation position of the nozzle for high-pressure water ejection, the nozzle diameter, the ejection pressure of the high-pressure pump, the excess sludge concentration, etc. are important.
The use of the cavitation phenomenon of the high-pressure jet treatment method requires a larger amount of energy when the jet nozzle diameter of the jet nozzle is increased from the principle of generation. Further, if the diameter of the injection port is reduced, there are problems such as troubles such as clogging of the injection port and erosion caused by contaminants in the sludge.
On the other hand, the sludge treatment apparatus of the present invention is not intended to generate cavitation, but by the adiabatic compression action that occurs when the sludge is dispersed, refined, and cavitation bubbles collapse due to the impact pressure generation action of cavitation. The aim is to create a local high-temperature and high-pressure field in water, and to reform sludge by a strong oxidizing action caused by thermal decomposition or OH radicals.
Further, in order to reform sludge, the concentration of the target sludge is important. When the concentration of the target sludge is low, the influence of the cavitation phenomenon is reduced and the sludge reforming does not proceed. Therefore, it is important to moderately increase the sludge concentration and the amount of cavitation phenomenon.
Our experiment shows that the generation of cavitation phenomenon is influenced by the flow rate of the water jetted from the nozzle into the water, and occurs in large quantities when the flow rate is around 90 m / s (OH radical analysis method (fluorescence analysis method)). It turns out.
The relational expression of the flow rate, diameter, and pressure of the nozzle is Q = 1.6 × d × d × √P (Q: flow rate [L / min], 1.6: coefficient (this coefficient varies depending on the nozzle)), d : Nozzle diameter [mm], P: pressure [MPa]).
When the nozzle diameter is 1.5 mm and the pressure is 7 MPa, Q = 1.6 * 1.5 * 1.5 * √7 = 9.5 L / min, which is approximately 10 L / min.
When the nozzle diameter is 2.5 mm and the pressure is 8 MPa, Q = 1.6 * 2.5 * 2.5 * √8 = 28.3 L / min, which is approximately 28 L / min.
The relational expression between the flow rate and the flow velocity is Q = r * r * π * v, that is, v = Q / r * r * π
(Q: flow rate [m3 / s], r: nozzle radius [m], π: circumference, v: flow velocity [m / s]).
When the nozzle diameter is 1.5 mm, v = 0.000166 / 0.00075 * 0.00075 * π = 94.36 m / s.
When the nozzle diameter is 2.5 mm, v = 0.000471 / 0.00125 * 0.00125 * π = 96.08 m / s.
In the measurement of the OH radical analysis method, the cavitation phenomenon appears that the distance from the nozzle tip is about 1 to 1.5 m and the diameter is about 0.5 m when the horn type nozzle diameter is 2.5 mm and the high pressure pump pressure is about 8 MPa. I understand.

The present invention solves all kinds of organic sludge treatment problems including sludge with a lot of impurities, and an apparatus for reforming sludge and making it a substrate by making maximum use of the cavitation phenomenon. provide.
That is, the present invention is an apparatus for generating a cavitation phenomenon in organic surplus sludge generated in a wastewater treatment facility, and reforming and converting the surplus sludge into a substrate. The sludge is reduced and volume-reduced by re-decomposing it.
Preferably, (1) a horn type nozzle is installed in order to generate a larger amount of cavitation.
(2) In order to generate the cavitation phenomenon with smaller energy, the diameter of the horn type nozzle is selected according to the amount of sludge to be treated.
(3) In order to prevent troubles when the horn type nozzle diameter is reduced, the supernatant water before sterilization after precipitation separation generated in the wastewater treatment facility is used as the treated water to be ejected.
(4) In the case of a horn type nozzle having a diameter of about 1 to 3 mm, the occurrence range of the cavitation phenomenon is specified as a range having a distance of about 1 to 1.5 m and a diameter of about 0.5 m from the nozzle tip.
(5) In order to use the cavitation phenomenon with high efficiency, an operation method such as intermittent operation is devised by using the sedimentation phenomenon of the sludge to be treated to increase the sludge concentration.
(6) In order to use the cavitation phenomenon with high efficiency, a horn type nozzle is installed at the bottom of the treatment tank where high-concentration sludge exists in a possible range.
The main apparatus of the present invention includes a sludge treatment tank provided with a horn type nozzle, a high-pressure pump, a supernatant water supply device, piping between these devices, a power control panel for controlling the high-pressure pump, and the like.

  The sludge reduction device by cavitation treatment of the present invention is installed in a sludge treatment line of a wastewater treatment facility and uses the treated water in this wastewater treatment facility. Cavitation phenomenon is generated by ejecting treated water, surplus sludge is treated, surplus sludge reformed and converted into a substrate by this phenomenon is reintroduced into the biological treatment tank in the wastewater treatment facility, and surplus sludge is decomposed By doing so, excess sludge can be reduced and volume reduced without causing trouble.

  The treated water before sterilization generated in the wastewater treatment facility of the present invention is pressurized with a high-pressure pump and sprayed to the excess sludge from the horn type nozzle to generate a cavitation phenomenon, thereby reforming the excess sludge An example in which a device for converting into a substrate is installed in a wastewater treatment facility will be described.

FIG. 1 shows an example in which the apparatus of the present invention is installed in a wastewater treatment facility. FIG. 1-A is a flow chart thereof, and FIG. 1-B is an explanatory diagram of the sludge reforming tank 6 as the main part.
In FIG. 1-A, 1 is a biological treatment tank, in which sewage W1 flows and is treated with active microorganisms in the tank. The activated sludge water W2 containing microorganisms flows out to the subsequent settling tank 2. Most of the supernatant water W3 settled and separated in the settling tank 2 is sterilized and sterilized to be discharged water W9, which is discharged out of the system. A part of the supernatant water W3 is sent to the high-pressure pump 4 through the supernatant water storage tank 3 as irrigation water for cavitation generation water W7.
Further, a part of the excess sludge W4 that has been precipitated and separated in the settling tank 2 is supplied to the sludge reforming tank 6 that is a feature of the present invention. Furthermore, in the activated sludge method, a part of the excess sludge W4 is returned to the biological treatment tank 1 as return sludge W5. The sludge reforming tank 6 is provided with the high-pressure pump 4 and the supernatant water storage tank 3 which are indispensable for the generation of cavitation, and the outlet side of the high-pressure pump 4 is provided in the lower part of the sludge reforming tank 6. The horn type nozzle 5 is connected. The inlet side of the supernatant water storage tank 3 is connected to the sedimentation tank 2 by piping in order to take a part of the supernatant water W3 as irrigation water for the high-pressure water W6. Excess sludge W4 is subjected to reforming and substrate treatment by hitting cavitation water W7 in the sludge reforming tank 6. The modified and substrate-treated cavitation sludge W8 is returned to the biological treatment tank 1 via a pipe and further decomposed by the microorganism-containing activated sludge W2.
A specific configuration of the sludge reforming tank 6 will be described with reference to FIG.
The size and capacity of the sludge reforming tank 6 were determined by the amount of sludge to be treated. Here, when about 150 cubic meters of sewage W1 flows in daily, surplus sludge W4 is generated about 1.5 cubic meters (about 1 L per minute) every day, and the sludge reforming tank 6 has a width of 1 m, a length of 2 m, and a height of 1. It was 5 m and the capacity was about 3 cubic meters.
About 10 L of cavitation water W7 is spouted per minute at a flow rate of about 90 m / s from a horn type nozzle 5 having a diameter of 1.5 mm provided in the lower part of the sludge reforming tank 6. When the excess sludge W4 having a microorganism concentration MLSS of about 10,000 mg / L is treated with the cavitation water W7 using the high pressure water W6 of MLSS of about 20 mg / L as raw water, the excess sludge is diluted to about MLSS of about 1000 mg / L.
The cavitation treatment efficiency becomes higher as the treatment target sludge concentration is higher. In the sludge reforming tank 6, an inclined plate 7 for promoting sludge settling of the cavitation sludge W8 and an overflow weir 8 for taking out the cavitation sludge W8 from the water surface of the sludge reforming tank 6 are installed. The end of the overflow weir 8 is connected to a pipe to the biological treatment tank 1.
The surplus sludge W4 in the sludge reforming tank 6 circulates up and down in the tank 6 with the movement of the jet of the cavitation generated water W7 from the horn type nozzle 5. The excess sludge W4 at the bottom of the tank is concentrated to about MLSS about 3000 mg / L or more by the action of the inclined plate 7 and the overflow weir 8. The lightened cavitation sludge W8 moves to the upper part of the sludge reforming tank 6 and returns to the biological treatment tank 1 over the overflow weir 7, where it is biodegraded again. By repeating this series of operations, surplus sludge W4 generated in the biological treatment tank 1 is decomposed and purified, and the process proceeds.
In addition, this device intermittently operates the high-pressure pump 4 to allow the cavitation sludge W8 to stand at the bottom of the tank when the pump is stopped, thereby increasing the concentration of the sludge to be treated at the bottom of the sludge reforming tank 6 and increasing the cavitation efficiency. It can also be raised.

FIG. 2 shows another example in which the cavitation sludge treatment apparatus of the present invention is installed in a biological treatment tank of a sewage treatment facility. FIG. 2-A shows the flow chart, and FIG. 2-B shows the layout of the horn type nozzle.
The numbers in the figure indicate the same tank, sewage, role, etc. as those in FIG.
The high-pressure pump 4 takes in the supernatant water W3 from the sedimentation tank 2 through the storage tank 3, and injects it as high-pressure water W6 from the horn-type nozzle 5 toward the microorganism-containing activated sludge W2, thereby generating cavitation generation water W7.
Therefore, the biological treatment tank 1 is mixed with microorganism-containing activated sludge W2, cavitation water W7, and cavitation sludge W8.
The feature of this example is that the horn type nozzle 5 is installed in the lower part in the biological treatment tank 1, and in some cases, two or more are installed, and the supernatant water W3 is pressurized and sprayed toward the sludge existing in the lower part of the tank. In other words, the sludge microorganisms are decomposed and killed by the cavitation phenomenon that occurs, to be reformed and made into a substrate, and the sludge reforming tank 6 shown in Example 1 is not required.
The point to note here is not to decompose and kill all the sludge in the biological treatment tank 1, but to partially modify the activated sludge in the lower part of the tank to make it a substrate, It is entrusted to the active microorganisms that remain inside and decompose again.
Thereby, in the biological treatment tank 1, the activated sludge itself decomposes the inflowing sewage W1, and the activated sludge (microorganisms / surplus sludge) is decomposed and killed by the cavitation phenomenon that occurs when the microorganism-containing activated sludge W2 is jetted at high pressure ( Reforming / substrate) and biological treatment of the modified sludge activated sludge proceed simultaneously.
For this reason, the apparatus does not require large-scale incidental facilities, and can be configured by a high-pressure pump 4 and a horn type nozzle 5 and piping connecting the tank 1 and the tank 2 together. Furthermore, the horn type nozzle 5 has a small diameter of, for example, 1 to 3 mm in consideration of the amount of discharged water, so that a cavitation phenomenon is easily generated, and sludge can be decomposed efficiently in a short time.
Further, it is possible to install two or more horn type nozzles 5 as shown in FIG.
A specific example of the biological treatment tank 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
The diameter and quantity of the horn type nozzle 5 are determined by the amount of sludge to be processed. Here, the biological treatment tank 1 of the wastewater treatment facility where the sewage W1 flows in about 150 cubic meters every day and the excess sludge W4 is generated about 1.5 cubic meters every day is 5 m wide, 5 m long, 4 m deep, and about 100 cubic meters in capacity. did. Cavitation water W7 is ejected from a horn type nozzle 5 having a diameter of 2.5 mm provided in two sets at the inner bottom of the biological treatment tank 1 at a flow rate of about 90 m / s and about 50 L per minute. Thereby, about 50% of the microorganism-containing activated sludge W2 in the biological treatment tank 1 can be treated.

FIG. 3 shows another example in which the cavitation sludge reforming apparatus of the present invention is installed in a biological treatment tank of a sewage treatment facility. FIG. 3A is a flow chart, and FIG. 3-B is an explanatory diagram of the sludge reforming apparatus as the main part.
The numbers in the figure indicate the same tank, sewage, role, etc. as those in FIG.
In FIG. 3A, reference numeral 1 denotes a biological treatment tank, into which sewage W1 flows and is treated with active microorganisms. The microorganism-containing activated sludge water W2 flows out to the subsequent settling tank 2. Most of the supernatant water W3 settled and separated in the settling tank 2 is sterilized and sterilized to be discharged water W9, which is discharged out of the system. A part of the supernatant water W3 is sent to the supernatant water storage tank 3 as cavitation water.
In addition, a part of the excess sludge W4 precipitated and separated in the settling tank 2 is supplied to the sludge reforming tank 6 which is a feature of the present invention, and in the case of the activated sludge method, another part is biologically treated as a return sludge W5. Returned to tank 1 The sludge reforming tank 6 is provided with a high-pressure pump 4 and a supernatant water storage tank 3 that are indispensable for the occurrence of cavitation, and the outlet side of the pump 4 is a horn type provided in the lower part of the sludge reforming tank 6. Connected to the nozzle 5.
The inlet side of the supernatant water storage tank 3 is connected to the sedimentation tank 2 by piping in order to take a part of the supernatant water W3 as raw water of the high-pressure water W6. Excess sludge W4 is subjected to reforming and substrate treatment by hitting cavitation water W7 in the sludge reforming tank 6.
The surplus sludge W4 supplied to the sludge reforming tank 6 is subjected to the reforming and substrate treatment, and then flows into the bottom of the sludge precipitation separation tank 9 from the transfer port at the bottom of the sludge reforming tank 6, and is separated. It settles at the bottom and the supernatant water is transferred to the supernatant water storage tank 3 through the overflow weir 8 (not shown).
The supernatant water W3 flowing into the supernatant water storage tank 3 is taken into the high-pressure pump 4 as raw water for the high-pressure water W6, and is reused as cavitation generation water W7 for the sludge reforming tank 6.
A specific configuration of the sludge reforming apparatus will be described with reference to FIG.
The size and capacity of each tank (sludge reforming tank 6, sludge sedimentation tank 9, and supernatant water storage tank 3) vary depending on the amount of sludge to be treated. Here, when sewage W1 flows in about 150 cubic meters every day, Assuming that excess sludge W4 is generated about 1.5 cubic meters every day, the sludge reforming tank 6 is 1 m wide, the upper part is 0.5 m, the height is 1.5 m, the capacity is about 1.6 cubic meters, and the sludge sedimentation tank 9 is Width 1m, upper length 2.2m, height 1.5m, capacity approx. 2.6 cubic meters, supernatant water storage tank 3 is 1m wide, upper length 0.3m, height 1.5m, capacity approx. 0 .3 cubic meters. In the sludge reforming tank 6, several inclined plates and one set of horn type nozzles are installed in the lower part. In the sludge settling tank 9, several pieces of inclined plates 7 and an overflow weir 8 of about 2 m are provided at the top.
As an operation method, 1.5 m3 of surplus sludge W4 is supplied from the sedimentation tank 2 to the sludge reforming tank 6 and 3 cubic meters of supernatant water W3 is supplied to the supernatant water storage tank 3 as a batch system.
About 10 L of cavitation generation water W7 is ejected from a horn type nozzle 5 having a diameter of 1.5 mm provided in the sludge reforming tank 6 at a flow rate of about 90 m / s. The surplus sludge W4 having an MLSS of about 10,000 mg / L is diluted to a MLSS of about 3000 mg / L when treated with the high-pressure water W6 having an MLSS of about 20 mg / L.
An inclined plate 7 is installed in the sludge reforming tank 6. The excess sludge W4 in the sludge reforming tank 6 circulates up and down by the water flow of the cavitation generation water W7 from the horn type nozzle 5.
Further, in the sludge sedimentation tank 9, there are installed an inclined plate 7 for promoting sludge sedimentation of the cavitation sludge W8 and an overflow weir 8 for evenly extracting the cavitation sludge W8 from the water surface of the tank 9. The end of the overflow weir 8 is connected to the supernatant water storage tank 3.
The excess sludge W4 at the bottom of the sludge sedimentation tank 9 is concentrated to about MLSS about 5000 mg / L or more by the inclined plate 7 and the overflow weir 8. The lightened cavitation sludge W8 moves to the upper part of the sludge sedimentation tank 9 and returns to the supernatant water storage tank 3 over the overflow weir 7, where it is used again as raw water for the cavitation water W7. .
The excess sludge W4 in the sludge reforming tank 6 is repeatedly hit with the cavitation water W7 and becomes cavitation-treated sludge W8. By repeating this series of operations, the excess sludge W4 undergoes reforming / substrate conversion treatment.
A part of the cavitation sludge W8 that has undergone the reforming / substrate conversion treatment is caused to flow into the biological treatment tank 1 and decomposed by the microorganism-containing activated sludge W2, and the treatment of excess sludge proceeds.
Moreover, this apparatus can raise the density | concentration of the process target sludge of the inner bottom part of the sludge reforming tank 6, and can raise cavitation process efficiency by making the high pressure pump 4 operate intermittently and leaving cavitation process sludge W8 still. .

As described above, the present invention is an apparatus for reducing and reducing excess sludge generated from a wastewater treatment facility by installing it in a wastewater treatment facility, and can be installed without particularly modifying the structure of the wastewater treatment facility main body. Sludge reforming technology based on natural action, and it is widely applied to sludge reduction and volume reduction regardless of the size of the treatment facility because it does not use specific chemicals, etc., and can effectively use cavitation generation efficiency. it can.

Process flow diagram of sewage treatment facility in Example 1 of the present invention Explanatory drawing of the sludge treatment tank of the main part Process flow diagram of sewage treatment facility in Example 2 of the present invention Explanatory drawing of the main part Process flow diagram of sewage treatment facility in Example 3 of the present invention Explanatory drawing of the main part

Explanation of symbols

1. Biological treatment tank 2. Precipitation tank 3. Supernatant water storage tank 4. High pressure pump 5. Horn type nozzle 6. Sludge reforming tank 7. Inclined plate 8. Overflow weir 9. Sludge sedimentation tank W1 ··· Sewage W2 · · Microorganism-containing activated sludge W3 · · Supersewage water W4 · · Excess sludge W5 · · Return sludge W6 · · High pressure water W7 · · Cavitation generated water (high-speed submerged water jet with cavitation)
W8 ・ ・ Cavitation sludge W9 ・ ・ Discharged water

Claims (7)

It is a device that reduces and reduces the amount of organic excess sludge that is generated at sewage treatment plants, septic tanks and other wastewater treatment facilities,
The excess sludge generated in the biological treatment tank of the wastewater treatment facility is accommodated in the sludge treatment tank, and the supernatant water before sterilization and disinfection after precipitation separation generated in the wastewater treatment facility is collected by a high-pressure pump. A sludge treatment apparatus characterized in that it is pressurized and sprayed from a cavitation generating horn type nozzle to generate a cavitation phenomenon, and the sludge is reformed to form a substrate. The sludge treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein surplus sludge converted into a substrate is supplied to a biological treatment tank, and sludge is reduced and volume-reduced by decomposing the surplus sludge formed into a substrate with active microorganisms in the biological treatment tank. . It is a device that reduces and reduces the amount of organic excess sludge that is generated at sewage treatment plants, septic tanks and other wastewater treatment facilities,
Cavitation phenomenon is generated by injecting the sterilized supernatant water generated in the treatment facility from the horn type nozzle provided in the lower layer of the wastewater treatment facility with the high-pressure pump and spraying it toward the sludge in the biological treatment tank of those wastewater treatment facilities. Then, the sludge is reduced and reduced in volume by reducing and reducing the amount of excess sludge by reforming and converting the sludge into a substrate and decomposing it with the remaining active microorganisms in the biological treatment tank. Supernatant water is sprayed into surplus sludge from a horn type nozzle with a diameter of 1 to 3 mm at a flow rate of 80 to 100 m / sec to generate a cavitation phenomenon, and the sludge is reformed and converted into a substrate, which is further left in the biological treatment tank. The sludge treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 3, wherein excess sludge is reduced and reduced in volume by decomposing with active microorganisms. It is a device that reduces and reduces the amount of organic excess sludge that is generated at sewage treatment plants, septic tanks and other wastewater treatment facilities,
The sludge from the biological treatment tanks of these wastewater treatment facilities is supplied to a sludge reforming tank having a width of 1 m, a length of 2 m, a height of 1.5 m, and a capacity of about 3 cubic meters. Sludge is reformed by jetting about 10L / min. Of superficial water before sterilization from one horn type nozzle toward the sludge in the sludge reforming tank equipped with an inclined plate and overflow weir. A sludge treatment apparatus characterized in that excess sludge is reduced and volume-reduced by converting it into a substrate and decomposing it with active microorganisms in a biological treatment tank. It is a device that reduces and reduces the amount of organic excess sludge that is generated at sewage treatment plants, septic tanks and other wastewater treatment facilities,
The biological treatment tanks of these wastewater treatment facilities have a width of 5 m, a length of 5 m, a depth of 4 m, a capacity of about 100 cubic meters, and a flow rate of about 90 m from two horn type nozzles with a diameter of 2.5 mm provided in the inner bottom thereof. The supernatant water before sterilization at / s is ejected at about 50 L per minute and sprayed onto the active microorganisms in the biological treatment tank to form a modified / substrate, which is decomposed by the remaining active microorganisms in the biological treatment tank. Sludge treatment equipment characterized by reducing and reducing excess sludge. It is a device that reduces and reduces the amount of organic excess sludge that is generated at sewage treatment plants, septic tanks and other wastewater treatment facilities,
The excess sludge from these wastewater treatment facilities is housed in a sludge reforming tank with a width of 1 m, an upper length of 0.5 m, a height of 1.5 m, and a capacity of about 1.6 cubic meters. Sludge is reformed by spraying the supernatant water before sterilization and sterilization from the horn type nozzle with a diameter of 1.5 mm provided at the bottom toward the surplus sludge in the sludge reforming tank at a flow rate of about 90 m / s and about 10 L per minute.・ Substrate and its reforming ・ Substrate sludge is 1m wide with an inclined plate and 2m overflow weir on the top, 2.2m in length, 1.5m in height, about 2.6 cubic meters in capacity The excess sludge that has been introduced into the sludge sedimentation tank and separated by sedimentation is transferred to the sludge reforming tank through the opening at the bottom of the sludge sedimentation tank, and reformed and converted into a substrate. Is 1m wide through the overflow weir, 0.3m in length at the top, 1.5m in height, and about 0.3 cubic meters in capacity. In the supernatant water storage tank, the supernatant water is repeatedly struck from the horn nozzle toward the excess sludge in the sludge reforming tank. A sludge treatment apparatus characterized in that excess sludge is reduced and volume-reduced by flowing into a biological treatment tank and decomposing with microorganism-containing activated sludge in the tank.

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