JP2008039191A - Rolling bearing apparatus with sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To attain reduction in size and weight by integrating a rotation speed sensor 27a with a temperature sensor 29a for detecting the temperature of a rolling bearing such as a double-row tapered roller bearing, and to reduce cost by simplifying assembling work, reducing the number of part items and the number of cables. <P>SOLUTION: The rotation speed sensor 27a is integrated with the temperature sensor 29a to serve as a sensor unit 35. The sensor unit 35 is attached to a cover 22a covering a bearing box 2 or an opening of the bearing box 2. The problem is solved by such a structure. The sensor unit 35 is disposed in the vicinity of the rolling bearing such as the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 to improve temperature detection performance of the rolling bearing. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  A rolling bearing device with a sensor and a rotation support device with a sensor according to the present invention are, for example, a housing or a suspension device that does not rotate during use of a wheel of a railway vehicle or an automobile or a rotating shaft of a rolling mill for metal processing. It is used to detect the state of the rolling bearing or the rotation support device. Such a sensor-equipped rolling bearing device and a sensor-equipped rotating support device detect, for example, the rotational speed of the wheel or rotating shaft and the state (temperature, vibration, etc.) of the rolling bearing portion, and this rolling bearing. This is effective for determining the presence or absence of an abnormality in a part.

  For example, a rolling bearing unit is used to rotatably support a wheel of a railway vehicle with respect to a housing fixed to the railway vehicle. Further, in order to obtain the traveling speed of the railway vehicle or to perform the sliding control for preventing the wheels from being unevenly worn, it is necessary to detect the rotational speed of the wheels. Furthermore, in order to prevent the rolling bearing unit from seizing due to an abnormality occurring in the rolling bearing unit portion, it is necessary to detect the temperature of the rolling bearing unit. For this reason, the rotational support device with a sensor incorporating a rotational speed sensor and a temperature sensor in the rolling bearing unit supports the wheel rotatably with respect to the housing, and the rotational speed of the wheel and the rolling bearing unit. In recent years, temperature detection has been performed.

  20 to 21 show an example of a conventional structure of such a rotation support device with a sensor for a railway vehicle. The axle 1 is a rotating shaft that rotates during use with a wheel (not shown) supported and fixed. The axle 1 configured in a hollow cylindrical shape for weight reduction is disposed on the inner diameter side of the bearing box 2 that is a housing that does not rotate during use. A double-row tapered roller bearing 3 that is a rolling bearing is rotatably supported. The double row tapered roller bearing 3 includes an outer ring 4 and a pair of inner rings 5 arranged concentrically with each other, and a plurality of tapered rollers 6 and 6. Of these, the outer ring 4 is formed in a cylindrical shape as a whole, and has a double row outer ring raceway 7 on the inner peripheral surface. Each of the outer ring raceways 7 has a conical concave shape and is inclined in a direction in which the inner diameter increases toward the axial end of the outer ring 4.

  Each of the pair of inner rings 5 is formed in a substantially short cylindrical shape, and a conical and convex inner ring raceway 8 is formed on each outer peripheral surface. These inner rings 5 are arranged concentrically with the outer ring 4 on the inner diameter side of the outer ring 4 in a state in which the end surfaces on the small diameter side face each other. Further, a plurality of each of the tapered rollers 6 and 6 are provided between the outer ring raceway 7 and the inner ring raceway 8 so as to be freely rotatable while being held by a cage 9.

  Of the double row tapered roller bearing 3 as described above, the outer ring 4 is fitted and held in the bearing box 2. In the illustrated example, the stepped portion 10 formed near the one end (the left end in FIG. 20) of the inner peripheral surface of the bearing box 2 and the inner fitting fixed to the other end (the right end portion in FIG. 20) of the bearing box 2. The outer ring 4 is clamped from both sides in the axial direction between the holding ring (not shown). On the other hand, each inner ring 5 is externally fitted to a portion closer to one end (left end in FIG. 20) of the axle 1 with the spacer 11 sandwiched between the inner rings 5. Further, an annular member 12 called an oil drainer is fitted on the end of the axle 1 that protrudes from the inner ring 5 outside in the axial direction. Further, the inner end surface of the inner inner ring abuts against a step surface formed in the intermediate portion of the axle 1 via another annular member. Therefore, the pair of inner rings 5 are not displaced closer to the center of the axle 1 (to the right in FIG. 20) than in the state of FIG. The annular member 12 is pressed against the outer end surface of the outer inner ring 4 by a nut 14 screwed into a male screw portion 13 formed at the outer end portion of the axle 1. Further, a protrusion provided on the inner periphery of the rotation stop ring 16 fixed by bolts 15 and 15 is engaged with a groove provided on the outer peripheral surface of the outer end of the axle 1 on the outer end surface of the nut 14. The nut 14 is prevented from loosening.

  On the other hand, seal cases 17 each formed by forming a metal plate such as a mild steel plate into a substantially cylindrical shape with a cross-sectional crank shape are fixedly fitted to both ends of the outer ring 4. Then, by providing seal rings 18 between the inner peripheral surfaces of the seal cases 17 and the outer peripheral surfaces of the annular members 12, both ends of the space in which the plurality of tapered rollers 6 and 6 are installed are opened. The part is blocked. With this configuration, the lubricating grease sealed in this space is prevented from leaking to the outside, and foreign substances such as rainwater and dust are prevented from entering the space from the outside.

  In addition, an encoder 19 having an L-shaped cross section formed entirely of a magnetic metal material such as steel is formed on one end surface of the axle 1 and is concentrically connected to the axle 1 by a plurality of bolts 20 and 20. It is fixed. On the outer peripheral edge of the outward flange-shaped annular ring portion 21 provided in the encoder 19, concave portions and convex portions are formed alternately and at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic characteristics of the outer peripheral edge portion are expressed by a circle. It is changed alternately at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.

  One end opening of the bearing box 2 is closed by a cover 22 fixed to one end of the bearing box 2. The cover 22 is entirely formed of a synthetic resin or metal material into a bottomed cylindrical shape, and includes a cylindrical portion 23, a bottom plate portion 24 that closes one end (left end in FIG. 20) of the cylindrical portion 23, and the cylindrical portion. And an outward flange-shaped mounting portion 25 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the portion 23 closer to the other end (right end in FIG. 20). Such a cover 22 has the other end portion of the cylindrical portion 23 fitted into one end portion of the bearing housing 2 and the mounting portion 25 is abutted against one end surface of the bearing housing 2. By fixing the portion 25 to one end face of the bearing housing 2 with a bolt (not shown), the one end opening of the bearing housing 2 is closed.

A sensor mounting hole 26 that penetrates both the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the cylindrical portion 23 in the diametrical direction in a part of the cylindrical portion 23 that faces the outer peripheral edge of the annular portion 21 of the encoder 19 in the diametrical direction. Is forming. Then, a rotational speed sensor 27 is inserted into the sensor mounting hole 26, and a detection portion provided on the tip surface (lower end surface in FIG. 20) of the rotational speed sensor 27 is provided on the outer peripheral edge of the annular portion 21. It is made to oppose the detection part through a minute gap.
On the other hand, a sensor mounting concave hole 28 is formed in a portion located around the outer ring 4 in the intermediate portion of the bearing housing 2. A temperature sensor 29 is mounted in the sensor mounting recess 28.

  In the case of the rotation support device with a sensor configured as described above, when the encoder 19 rotates together with the axle 1 that supports and fixes the wheel during operation, the concave portion and the convex portion that constitute the detected portion of the encoder 19 The vicinity of the detection part provided in the front end surface of the sensor 27 passes alternately. As a result, the density of the magnetic flux flowing through the rotation speed sensor 27 changes, and the output of the rotation speed sensor 27 changes. The frequency at which the output of the rotational speed sensor 27 changes in this way is proportional to the rotational speed of the wheel. Therefore, if the output of the rotational speed sensor 27 is sent to a controller (not shown), the rotational speed of the wheel can be detected, and further the sliding control of the railway vehicle can be appropriately performed.

  Further, when the rotational resistance of the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 abnormally increases for some reason such as the skew of the tapered rollers 6 and 6 and the temperature of the double-row tapered roller 3 rises, the temperature sensor 29 is activated. Detect this temperature. The temperature signal detected by the temperature sensor 29 is sent to a controller (not shown), and the controller issues an alarm such as turning on a warning lamp installed in the driver's seat. When such a warning is issued, the driver takes measures such as an emergency stop.

  In the case of the conventional structure configured and operated as described above, the rotation speed sensor 27 and the temperature sensor 29 are supported and fixed independently of each other with respect to the cover 22 or the bearing housing 2. Not only is the mounting operation troublesome, but also the extraction of signals from these sensors 27 and 29 is troublesome. That is, the rotational speed sensor 27 is fixed to the cover 22 by a plurality of bolts 31a and 31a inserted through the mounting flange 30a, and a signal is taken out by a harness 32a which is a lead for taking out an output signal of the rotational speed sensor 27. In contrast, the temperature sensor 29 is fixed to the bearing housing 2 by a plurality of bolts 31b, 31b inserted through another mounting flange 30b, and a signal is taken out by a harness 32b.

  For this reason, the mounting space for the sensors 27 and 29 is increased, the mounting work is troublesome, and the handling of the harnesses 32a and 32b is troublesome. In addition to the rotational speed sensor 27 and the temperature sensor 29, it is also considered to incorporate an acceleration sensor for detecting vibrations in the rotational support device for a railway vehicle, and the number of sensors incorporated in the rotational support device increases. There is a tendency. And if the number of sensors increases, the problem as mentioned above will become more remarkable.

  The rolling bearing device with sensor and the rotation support device with sensor of the present invention have been invented in view of the above-described circumstances.

Of the rolling bearing device with sensor and the rotation support device with sensor according to the present invention, the rolling bearing device with sensor according to claim 1 includes an outer ring, an inner ring, a plurality of rolling elements, and a sensor unit.
Of these, the outer ring has an outer ring raceway on the inner peripheral surface, and the inner ring has an inner ring raceway on the outer peripheral surface.
Each rolling element is provided between the outer ring raceway and the inner ring raceway so as to roll freely.
Further, each of the sensor units is in a single holder supported by a stationary ring that is a race ring that does not rotate between the outer ring and the inner ring or a member that is fixed to the stationary ring. It holds multiple types of sensors for detection.

Preferably, as the plurality of types of sensors, as described in claim 2, two or more types of sensors selected from a rotation speed sensor, a temperature sensor, and a vibration sensor are used.
Then, when the rotational speed sensor is selected, the characteristics related to the circumferential direction are alternately changed to the rotating wheel which is the raceway rotating between the outer ring and the inner ring or a portion where the rotating wheel is fixed. The detected part is arranged concentrically with the rotating wheel, and the detecting part of the rotational speed sensor is opposed to the detected part.

On the other hand, the rotation support device with a sensor according to claim 5 includes a housing, a rotation shaft, a rolling bearing, a rotation member, a detected part, a sensor mounting hole, and a sensor unit.
Of these, the housing does not rotate during use while being supported by the fixed portion.
The rotating shaft is disposed on the inner diameter side of the housing and rotates during use.
The rolling bearing supports the inner ring on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft and supports the outer ring on the inner peripheral surface of the housing in order to rotatably support the rotary shaft on the inner diameter side of the housing. Fits and supports.
In addition, the rotating member is fixed to a portion protruding in the axial direction from the inner ring at one end of the rotating shaft, and rotates together with the rotating shaft.
The detected portion is disposed concentrically with the rotating shaft on a part of the rotating member, and the characteristics are alternately changed in the circumferential direction.
The sensor mounting hole is opposed to the detected portion at a part of the housing or a cover that closes the opening of the housing, and is adjacent to the outer ring to such an extent that the temperature rises according to the temperature rise of the outer ring. It is provided in the part.
Furthermore, the sensor unit is configured by holding a plurality of types of sensors including at least a rotational speed sensor and a temperature sensor in a single sensor holder. And among these, it inserts in the said sensor attachment hole in the state which made the detection part of the rotational speed sensor face the said to-be-detected part.
In the case of a system in which a nut is provided at the outer end of the rotating shaft such as an axle and the inner ring is fixed to the rotating shaft, the position of the encoder that faces the sensor unit is preferably set to the nut. By setting the inner side in the axial direction, the mounting position of the sensor unit is brought closer to the outer ring. The temperature of the outer ring can be efficiently detected by the temperature sensor provided in the sensor unit.

  Preferably, as described in claims 3 and 6, a reference voltage for generating a reference voltage to be supplied to at least one of a temperature sensor and a vibration sensor in a holder constituting the sensor unit. A generation circuit, or an amplifier circuit for amplifying an output signal of at least one sensor in a holder constituting the sensor unit, as described in claims 4 and 7; The output signal is amplified and sent out of the sensor unit.

  As described above, in the case of the rolling bearing device with sensor and the rotation support device with sensor of the present invention, a single sensor holder has a plurality of types of sensors (particularly in the case of the rotation support device with sensor according to claim 5). Holds at least multiple types of sensors including rotational speed sensors and temperature sensors), so that not only can the installation space for each of these sensors be reduced, but also the installation work is facilitated, and the signals of these sensors are extracted. It is also easy to handle the harness.

Further, as described in claims 3 and 6, if the reference voltage generation circuit is held in the holder constituting the sensor unit, a correct measurement value can be obtained by the sensor held in the sensor unit.
Furthermore, as described in claims 4 and 7, if the output signal of the sensor held in the sensor unit is amplified by an amplifier circuit held in a holder constituting the sensor and then sent out, The ratio of noise (S / N ratio) can be lowered.

[First example of embodiment]
1 and 2 show a first example of an embodiment of the present invention. The feature of the present invention is that it detects the temperature of the rotational speed sensor 27a for detecting the rotational speed of the axle 1 which is the rotational axis according to claim 5 and the temperature of the rolling bearing which rotatably supports the axle 1. By holding the temperature sensor 29a for this purpose in a single sensor holder 33 (sensor envelope), the above-described problem of the conventional structure is solved. Since the structure and operation of other parts are the same as those of the conventional structure shown in FIGS. 20 to 21 described above, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description of the overlapping parts is omitted or simplified. Hereinafter, the characteristic part of the present invention will be mainly described.

In the case of this example, an outward flange-like flange portion 34 is formed over the entire circumference on the outer peripheral surface of the annular member 12a, which is referred to as oil draining, provided on the inner side in the axial direction than the nut 14. ing. And the recessed part and the convex part are formed in the outer peripheral edge part of this collar part 34 alternately at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic properties of this outer peripheral edge part are alternately and equally spaced in the circumferential direction. It is changing. The collar 34 is provided with a function as an encoder for detecting the rotational speed.
In the case of such a structure of this example, as compared with the case where the encoder 19 is provided outside the nut 14 in the axial direction as in the conventional structure shown in FIG. The installation position can be closer to the outer ring 4, and the temperature detection performance by the temperature sensor 29a described later can be improved. Further, since the concave and convex portions are formed on the outer peripheral edge of the flange 34 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the annular member 12a, and the annular member 12a has a function as an encoder, Compared with this, it is possible to obtain the effects of reducing the number of parts, shortening the axial dimension, reducing the weight, and reducing the cost.

  Further, a sensor mounting hole 26a is formed in a portion near the base end (close to the right end in FIG. 1) of the cylindrical portion 23a that constitutes the cover 22a made of metal such as steel or aluminum that closes the end opening of the bearing housing 2. The inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the cylindrical portion 23a are communicated with each other. The sensor unit 35 is inserted into the sensor mounting hole 26a from the outside in the radial direction of the cylindrical portion 23a to the inside.

  The sensor unit 35 is configured by holding the rotational speed sensor 27 a and the temperature sensor 29 a in the single sensor holder 33. Among these, the rotational speed sensor 27a uses a sensor that changes its output in accordance with changes in the density or direction of magnetic flux, such as a magnetoresistive element, Hall element, and a combination of a permanent magnet and a magnetic coil, as in the prior art. To do. Such a rotational speed sensor 27 a is embedded in the tip end portion of the sensor holder 33, and its detection surface is placed close to and opposed to the outer peripheral edge of the flange portion 34. On the other hand, the temperature sensor 29a is supported on a part of the sensor holder 33 closer to the outer peripheral surface. The position where the temperature sensor 29a is supported is as close to the cover 22a as possible, and is easily affected by heat transmitted from the outer ring 4 to the cover 22a.

  In order to improve the temperature detection performance of the temperature sensor 29a, the thermal conductivity of the sensor holder 33 is good and the temperature of the sensor holder 33 reaches the ambient temperature in a short time. The sensor holder 33 needs to have a small heat capacity. Therefore, a material having a large thermal conductivity and a small heat capacity (= density × specific heat) per unit volume is suitable for the material of the sensor holder 33. Specifically, it is desirable to use aluminum, magnesium, copper, zinc, or the like having the above characteristics as a material of the sensor holder 33, or an alloy thereof if there is no problem in strength and cost. Further, in order to make it easy for heat to be transferred from the outer ring 4 to the temperature sensor 29a, it is desirable to use these materials if there is no problem in strength and cost even for the bearing box 2 and the cover 22a. . When there is a problem in strength, the sensor holder 33 may be made of stainless steel, but the sensor holder 33 is made of non-magnetic material even when made of stainless steel. The reason is that if the sensor holder 33 is made of a magnetic material, the magnetism of the sensor holder 33 hinders the rotational speed from being measured by the rotational speed sensor 27a, and it is difficult to accurately measure the rotational speed. Because of that. For this reason, the material of the sensor holder 33 is preferably a nonmagnetic material.

  In the sensor unit 35 as described above, the mounting flange 30c provided on the outer circumferential surface is inserted into the sensor mounting hole 26a from the radially outer side of the cylindrical portion 23a to the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical portion 23a. And fixed by bolts 31c and 31c. In this state, the detection part of the rotational speed sensor 27a existing on the front end surface of the sensor unit 35 is closely opposed to the detection part provided on the outer peripheral edge of the flange part 34 through a minute gap. The temperature sensor 29a is close to and opposed to the cylindrical portion 23a of the cover 22a via a part of the sensor holder 33. A harness (hereinafter simply referred to as a “harness”) that is a lead wire for taking out the output signal of the rotational speed sensor 27a and a harness for taking out the output of the temperature sensor 29a are bundled together to form a single cable 36. , Connected to a controller (not shown). Further, an O-ring 42 is mounted between a part of the outer peripheral surface of the sensor holder 33 and the inner peripheral surface of the sensor mounting hole 26a, and foreign matter such as muddy water enters from the outside through the part between the two peripheral surfaces. Is preventing.

  As described above, in the case of the rotation support device with a sensor according to the present invention, since the rotation speed sensor 27a and the temperature sensor 29a are held in a single sensor holder 33, the sensors 27a and 29a are attached. Space can be reduced. In addition, it is easy to attach these sensors 27a and 29a. Further, since the harnesses for taking out the output signals of both the sensors 27a and 29a are bundled together to form a single cable 36, the harnesses for taking out the signals of the both sensors 27a and 29a can be easily routed. Further, in the case of this example, the sensor unit 35 is supported by a cover 22a that is detachably provided in the opening of the bearing box 2, so that the sensor unit 35 can be attached and detached for maintenance and inspection work. Can be done easily.

  Note that a harness for taking out the output signal of the rotational speed sensor 27a and a harness for taking out the output signal of the temperature sensor 29a are housed in the single cable 36. Shielded individually. In this way, even when a plurality of harnesses are bundled to form one cable 36, the signal currents flowing through the harnesses can be prevented from interfering with each other by shielding each harness individually. In particular, a harness that sends a pulse signal such as a signal representing the rotation speed sent from the rotation speed sensor 27a and a harness that sends an analog signal like a signal sent from the temperature sensor 29a are combined. If they are bundled, noise will appear in the analog signal due to electromagnetic coupling (electrostatic coupling, electromagnetic induction, coupling by electromagnetic waves) when the voltage or current of the pulse signal changes. On the other hand, noise generated as described above can be prevented by individually shielding each harness.

  Further, it is more preferable to twist (twist) the harness for taking out the output signals of the individual sensors 27a and 29a and the grounding ground wire because the influence of noise due to electromagnetic coupling can be further reduced. In addition, the twisted pair consisting of the harness and the ground wire paired in a twisted state can be individually shielded, or all twisted pairs can be shielded together, further increasing the effect of reducing the effects of noise. it can. In particular, when the output signal of the rotational speed sensor 27a is a digital signal, a harness for sending the output signal of the rotational speed sensor 27a and a temperature sensor 29a which is an analog signal (further shown in FIG. 6 described later). When the harness for sending the output signal of the vibration sensor such as the acceleration sensor 40 incorporated in the fifth example of the embodiment is combined into one cable 36, the harness and the ground wire for sending each output signal described above The effect of twisting together is great.

  In the illustrated example, the annular member 12a and the encoder are integrated with each other by making the outer peripheral edge of the flange portion 34 formed integrally with the annular member 12a into an uneven shape. On the other hand, an independently annular encoder is sandwiched between the annular member and the nut 14, or an outward flange-shaped flange portion integrally formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner end portion of the nut 14. The nut 14 and the encoder can also be integrated with the outer periphery of the nut 14 having an irregular shape. Furthermore, as an encoder, an annular one in which a magnetic metal plate is bent and a plurality of through holes are formed in a part thereof in the circumferential direction, or S poles and N poles are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. An annular permanent magnet can also be used. Even in these cases, the installation position of the sensor unit 35 in the axial direction can be closer to the outer ring, and compared to the case where the encoder is located outside the nut in the axial direction as in the conventional structure described above, The temperature detection performance of the temperature sensor 29a can be improved. Further, a windbreak plate that covers a portion of the sensor unit 35 protruding from the outer peripheral surface of the cover 22a so that the temperature sensor 29a can detect the temperature rise of the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 more reliably. It is also possible to prevent the sensor unit 35 from being cooled by outside air. The direction in which the cable 36 is taken out from the sensor unit 35 is not limited to the diametrical direction as shown in the figure, but may be an appropriate direction according to the installation location, such as a tangential direction or an intermediate direction thereof. In this case, an L-shaped part or the like for guiding the lead-out direction of the cable 36 can be provided at the root portion of the cable 36.

[Second Example of Embodiment]
Next, FIG. 3 shows a second example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the case of this example, the bearing box 2a is extended to the periphery of the annular member 12a, and the sensor mounting hole 26b is provided at the end of the bearing box 2a.
In the case of this example, the processing of the sensor mounting seat surface and the sensor mounting hole 26b becomes troublesome as compared to the case of the first example described above, and the axial dimension of the bearing housing 2a becomes larger and heavier. (The larger the size of the bearing box tends to be heavier in design than the larger dimension of the cover in the axial direction), and the sensor unit 35 is attached to and detached from the sensor mounting hole 26b for maintenance and inspection work. Work is a little cumbersome. However, the heat transfer from the outer ring 4 constituting the double row tapered roller bearing 3 to the temperature sensor 29a is better than in the case of the first example described above.
Since other configurations and operations are the same as those in the case of the first example described above, description of equivalent parts is omitted.

[Third example of embodiment]
Next, FIG. 4 shows a third example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the case of this example, in order to hold down the inner ring 5 and the annular member 12 in the axial direction, a holding plate 38 that is formed in a circular shape with a cross-sectional crank shape is formed on the end surface of the axle 1 by a plurality of bolts 39. Bonded and fixed. Then, concave portions and convex portions are formed in the outer peripheral edge portion of the holding plate 38 alternately and at equal intervals in the circumferential direction, and the magnetic characteristics of the outer peripheral edge portion are alternately and equally spaced in the circumferential direction. It is changing. The holding plate 38 has a function as an encoder for detecting the rotational speed.
Since other configurations and operations are the same as those in the case of the first example described above, description of equivalent parts is omitted.

[Fourth Example of Embodiment]
Next, FIG. 5 shows a fourth example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the case of this example, the bearing box 2a is extended to the periphery of the holding plate 38, and the sensor mounting hole 26b is provided at the end of the bearing box 2a.
In the case of this example, the processing of the sensor mounting seat surface and the sensor mounting hole 26b becomes troublesome as compared to the case of the third example described above, and the axial dimension of the bearing housing 2a becomes larger and heavier. The operation of attaching / detaching the sensor unit 35 to / from the sensor mounting hole 26b for maintenance / inspection work is somewhat troublesome. However, the heat transfer from the outer ring 4 constituting the double row tapered roller bearing 3 to the temperature sensor 29a is better than in the case of the third example described above.
Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the case of the third example described above, and thus the description of the equivalent parts is omitted.

[Fifth Example of Embodiment]
Next, FIG. 6 shows a fifth example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the case of this example, the diameter of the intermediate part is made larger than the diameter of the tip part of the sensor holder 33a, and the outer peripheral surface of the sensor holder 33a has a stepped shape. Then, a temperature sensor 29a is installed in a portion close to the step portion present near the tip of the sensor holder 33a, and further, the tip of the sensor holder 33a is provided in order to improve heat transfer to the temperature sensor 29a. The part and step are covered with the same material (for example, iron) as the cover 22a. Furthermore, in the case of this example, in addition to the rotation speed sensor 27a and the temperature sensor 29a, an acceleration sensor 40 for vibration detection is incorporated in the sensor holder 33a to constitute a sensor unit 35a. The harness for taking out the signal of the acceleration sensor 40 is also bundled together with the harness for taking out the signals of the rotational speed sensor 27a and the temperature sensor 29a to form one cable 36a.

  Also in this example, a harness for taking out the output signal of the rotational speed sensor 27a, a harness for taking out the output signal of the temperature sensor 29a, and the acceleration sensor 40 in the one cable 36a. In the same way as in the case of the first example described above, each harness is twisted with a ground wire, individually shielded, or twisted pair twisted with a ground wire. Shielding. And it prevents that the signal current which flows through each harness interferes. In particular, a harness for sending a pulse signal such as a signal representing the rotational speed sent from the rotational speed sensor 27a and an analog such as a signal representing the temperature or vibration sent from the temperature sensor 29a and the acceleration sensor 40. If a harness that sends signals is bundled together, noise will appear on the analog signal due to electromagnetic coupling when the voltage or current of the pulse signal changes. On the other hand, the noise generated as described above can be prevented by twisting individual harnesses with the ground wires, individually shielding them, or shielding the twisted pairs twisted with the ground wires. In particular, in the case of a harness that sends a signal with a small output, such as a signal representing vibration sent out from the acceleration sensor 40, since the noise prevention effect by shielding or twisting is great, shielding or twisting should be performed. Is preferred. The effect of twisting together with the shield and the ground wire can be obtained by performing each independently, but by performing both together, a more excellent noise prevention effect can be obtained. In this case, it is most preferable from the viewpoint of the noise prevention effect to collectively shield the periphery of the twisted pair in which the harness for sending the output signal and the ground wire are twisted together. Note that it is possible to remove noise to some extent by providing a low-pass filter on the circuit portion of each of the sensors 27a, 29a, and 40 or on the measuring instrument side.

In the case of this example, since not only the temperature sensor 29a but also the acceleration sensor 40 that functions as a vibration sensor for vibration detection is installed, the rolling bearing such as the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 is peeled off. When an abnormality occurs, it is possible to quickly detect the peeling state. Therefore, compared with the case where only the temperature sensor 29a is installed, a structure suitable for monitoring abnormality of the rolling bearing can be realized. When both the purpose of monitoring the abnormality of the rolling bearing and the monitoring of the rotational speed are intended, the rotational speed sensor 27a and the vibration sensors such as the temperature sensor 29a and the acceleration sensor 40 are used as in this example. Most preferred is a combination of sensor types. However, the combination of the rotation speed sensor 29a and the vibration sensor such as the acceleration sensor 40, or the combination of the rotation speed sensor 29a and the temperature sensor 20a, can also be used to monitor the abnormality of the rolling bearing and the rotation speed. You can do both. On the other hand, when only the abnormality monitoring of the rolling bearing is intended, the temperature sensor 29a can be combined with a vibration sensor such as the acceleration sensor 40, and the rotational speed sensor 27a can be omitted. In this case, it is not necessary to form irregularities on the outer peripheral edge portion of the flange portion 34. Even when the harness for sending the output signal of the temperature sensor 29a and the harness for sending the output signal of the vibration sensor such as the acceleration sensor 40 are combined, the vibration value detected by the vibration sensor (the output signal representing the vibration) Is large, it is preferable to twist each individual harness with the ground wire, shield it individually, or shield the twisted pair twisted with the ground wire.
Since other configurations and operations are the same as those in the case of the first example described above, description of equivalent parts is omitted.

[Sixth Example of Embodiment]
Next, FIG. 7 shows a sixth example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the case of this example, the bearing box 2a is extended to the periphery of the annular member 12a, and the sensor mounting hole 26b is provided at the end of the bearing box 2a.
In the case of this example, compared to the case of the fifth example described above, the processing of the sensor mounting seat surface and the sensor mounting hole 26b becomes troublesome, and the axial dimension of the bearing housing 2a becomes larger and heavier. The operation of attaching / detaching the sensor unit 35a to / from the sensor mounting hole 26b for maintenance / inspection work is somewhat troublesome. However, the heat transfer from the outer ring 4 constituting the double row tapered roller bearing 3 to the temperature sensor 29a is better than in the case of the fifth example described above.
Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the case of the above-described fifth example, and thus description of equivalent parts is omitted.

[Seventh example of embodiment]
Next, FIG. 8 shows a seventh example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the case of this example, the rotation speed sensor 27b and the temperature sensor 29b are made of synthetic resin and embedded in a single holding block 41. And the sensor unit 35b is comprised by hold | maintaining this holding block 41 at the front-end | tip part of the sensor holder 33b. Alternatively, the rotational speed sensor 27b and the temperature sensor 29b can be molded at the tip of the sensor holder 33b made of synthetic resin simultaneously with the molding of the sensor holder 33b.
In the case of the structure of this example configured as described above, the temperature sensor 29b is located in the cover 22a, so that the temperature detection of the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 by the temperature sensor 29b can be performed without being affected by outside air. It can be done reliably.
Since other configurations and operations are the same as those in the case of the first example described above, description of equivalent parts is omitted.

[Eighth Example of Embodiment]
Next, FIG. 9 shows an eighth example of the embodiment of the present invention. In the case of this example, the bearing box 2a is extended to the periphery of the annular member 12a, and the sensor mounting hole 26b is provided at the end of the bearing box 2a.
In the case of this example, compared to the case of the seventh example described above, the processing of the sensor mounting seat surface and the sensor mounting hole 26b becomes troublesome, and the axial dimension of the bearing housing 2a becomes larger and heavier. The work of attaching / detaching the sensor unit 35b to / from the sensor mounting hole 26b for maintenance / inspection work or the like is somewhat troublesome. However, the function and effect of the present invention can be sufficiently obtained.
Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the case of the seventh example described above, and thus the description of the equivalent parts is omitted.

[Ninth Embodiment]
Next, FIGS. 10 to 11 show a ninth example of the embodiment of the invention. In the structure of this example, the reference voltage generation circuit 52 is held in the sensor holder 33a constituting the sensor unit 35c in addition to the rotation speed sensor 27a, the temperature sensor 29a, and the acceleration sensor 40 that is a vibration sensor. Yes. The reference voltage generating circuit 52 is for generating a reference voltage to be supplied to at least one of the temperature sensor 29a and the acceleration sensor 40 (in this example, the temperature sensor 29a). A constant voltage regulator, a DC-DC converter, a reference voltage IC, a constant voltage diode, or the like can be used. In the case of this example, such a reference voltage generation circuit 52 is connected to the power supply circuit of the temperature sensor 29a as shown in FIG. 11, and the temperature sensor 29a is connected to a predetermined (accurate without fluctuation). A reference voltage (with a correct value) is supplied. FIG. 11 shows the case where a constant voltage regulator is used as the reference voltage generation circuit 52 to create a reference voltage DC5V from the supply voltage DC12V and supply it to the thermistor which is the temperature sensor 29a. ing. As the thermistor constituting the temperature sensor 29a, an NTC thermistor, a PTC thermistor, a CTR thermistor, a silicon-based thermistor (silicon thermistor), and the like can be used. In addition to the thermistor, a resistance temperature detector (RTD), a temperature IC, or the like can be used as the temperature sensor 29a.

  In this example, accurate temperature measurement can be performed by supplying the reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generation circuit 52 to such a temperature sensor 29a. That is, the supply voltage (DC 12 V) changes due to changes in the external environment, such as the ambient temperature of the power supply and the fluctuation of the load on the power supply. For this reason, if the supply voltage is supplied as it is to the temperature sensor 29a such as the thermistor, the output voltage of the temperature sensor 29a representing the measurement value by the temperature sensor 29a also fluctuates, and accurate measurement cannot be performed. On the other hand, in the case of this example, the reference voltage generation circuit 52 sends a constant reference voltage to the temperature sensor 29a regardless of the change in the external environment, so that accurate temperature measurement can be performed. Of course, the values of the supply voltage and the reference voltage are not limited to those described above, and can be appropriately selected according to the characteristics of the power source and the temperature sensor 29a.

[Tenth example of embodiment]
Next, FIGS. 12 to 13 show a tenth example of the embodiment of the invention. In the case of this example, in addition to the rotation speed sensor 27a, the temperature sensor 29a, and the acceleration sensor 40 that is a vibration sensor, a reference voltage generation circuit 52 and an amplification circuit are provided in the sensor holder 33a that constitutes the sensor unit 35d. (Amplifier) 53 is held. By combining the reference voltage generating circuit 52 and the amplifier circuit 53 with the acceleration sensor 40 in this way, vibration applied to the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 by the acceleration sensor 40 can be obtained without using a circuit that is particularly expensive. We are trying to measure accurately. The reason will be described below.

  As the acceleration sensor 40 (vibration sensor) incorporated in the present example having the above-described configuration, a bi-morph type is used that is a doubly supported beam type using a piezoelectric element. The acceleration sensor 40 of this type measures the amount of vibration based on the electric charge generated by the deformation of the bimorph, which is a piezoelectric element supported in a doubly-supported beam type, due to the acceleration of vibration. The acceleration sensor 40 (vibration sensor) is not limited to the both-end-supported and bimorph type, and a vibration sensor using a piezoelectric element supported in a cantilever manner or an annular piezoelectric element. Etc. can be used. Furthermore, an acceleration sensor (vibration sensor) using a strain gauge can be used instead of the piezoelectric element. Regardless of which type is used, the charge proportional to the magnitude of acceleration acting on the acceleration sensor 40 is generally charged from the output terminal of the acceleration sensor 40 (vibration sensor). Occurs depending on the direction. Therefore, apparently, voltages of “+” and “−” are generated at the output terminal of the acceleration sensor 40.

  If the output voltage with ± is amplified as it is, it is necessary to prepare not only the power source on the + side but also the power source on the − side, so that the power supply circuit becomes more complicated and the cost increases. On the other hand, in the case of this example, the reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generating circuit 52 is used as a reference, and the output signal voltage of the acceleration sensor 40 is offset by this reference voltage (the reference voltage is added to the output signal voltage). The output signal voltage is changed only in the “+” region, so that it is not necessary to prepare a power supply on the “−” side. In the case of this example, the output signal voltage of the acceleration sensor 40 is processed with reference to the reference voltage (5 V) created by the reference voltage generating circuit 52 by a circuit as shown in FIG. That is, a change in the output signal voltage of the acceleration sensor 40 with respect to the reference voltage is amplified by an operational amplifier used as the amplifier circuit 53, and is sent out (output) as an output signal of the acceleration sensor 40. Yes.

  In this way, since the output signal of the acceleration sensor 40 is amplified and sent out, noise is less likely to enter the output signal of the acceleration sensor 40, and the output signal S / N ratio is improved. That is, since the output signal of the acceleration sensor 40 has high impedance, if the output signal of the acceleration sensor 40 is taken out from the main body of the acceleration sensor 40 as it is, noise easily enters the output signal. On the other hand, in the case of this example, the output signal of the acceleration sensor 40 is amplified by an amplifier circuit 53 such as an operational amplifier, the voltage of this output signal is amplified, and the output impedance is lowered. In this way, even if the output signal is taken out from the sensor unit 35d, it is preferable because noise hardly enters the output signal (S / N ratio is not easily deteriorated).

  In the above-described example, the case where the operational amplifier that amplifies the voltage is used as the amplification circuit 53 for amplifying the output of the acceleration sensor 40 has been described. However, when the present invention is implemented, the amplifier circuit 53 may be an amplifier that outputs an output signal as a current, in addition to an operational amplifier that amplifies a voltage. In this case, the output signal of the acceleration sensor 40 is input to an amplifier circuit (amplifier) 53a that outputs current as a current by a circuit as shown in FIG. 14, and the output signal of the acceleration sensor 40 is output from the amplifier circuit 53a. Is output as a signal with the change in vibration value as the change in current. This is more preferable because noise is less likely to enter the output signal and is less affected by the wiring impedance (wiring resistance) of the signal transmission cable.

  In the case of the tenth example described above, the case where the signal amplified by the amplifier circuits 53 and 53a is a signal representing vibration output from the acceleration sensor 40 has been described. On the other hand, also for the output signal of the temperature sensor 29a shown in the ninth example of the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the voltage is amplified by the amplifier circuit 53 such as an operational amplifier, or the current is output by the amplifier circuit 53a. By amplifying the value and outputting it, the effect of increasing the S / N ratio can be obtained as in the case where the output signal of the acceleration sensor 40 is amplified.

  In any of the examples (first to tenth examples), the harness for taking out the output signal from the sensor holder 33a constituting the sensor unit 35d, when the output signal is a change in voltage, By twisting (twisting) the harness for sending this output signal and the grounding wire (ground wire) as a pair to form a twisted pair, electromagnetic coupling (electrostatic coupling, electromagnetic induction, electromagnetic coupling) This is preferable from the viewpoint of further reducing the influence of noise. On the other hand, when the output signal is a current output that outputs the signal as a current, the harness and the power supply line for sending the output signal are twisted as a pair to form a twisted pair. In any case, twisting a pair of harnesses to form a twisted pair has the effect of reducing noise mainly due to electromagnetic induction and electromagnetic waves. Further, if the twisted pair is shielded, a great effect can be obtained in reducing noise due to electrostatic coupling. When shielding a twisted pair in this way, if a plurality of twisted pairs each including a harness for extracting an output signal from each sensor are bundled and the entire twisted pair is shielded, noise from the outside Can be reduced. Furthermore, it is more preferable to shield each twisted pair individually because mutual interference between harnesses for sending output signals of the respective sensors can be prevented between the individual twisted pairs.

In any case, the harness for sending the output signal of each sensor is one that is covered with a resin or rubber such as chloroprene rubber, Teflon resin, silicon rubber, polyethylene, etc. in consideration of weather resistance and strength. It is preferable to use it.
In addition, a surge absorber or Zener diode that absorbs externally applied surge voltage and protects the circuit, and an EMI filter that is a noise filter that removes high-frequency noise are provided on the circuit to eliminate noise. Is preferred.
Further, the circuit structures of the ninth example shown in FIGS. 10 to 11 and the tenth example shown in FIGS. 12 to 14 can be applied to other examples (first to eighth examples of the embodiment).
The reference voltage generated by the reference voltage generation circuit 52 can be used not only for detection of a measurement value by a temperature sensor or an acceleration sensor but also for other sensors.
Furthermore, the voltage amplification amplifier and the current value amplification circuits 53 and 53a are not only used for amplifying the output of the temperature sensor or vibration sensor, but also for amplifying the output of other sensors. It can also be used.

  The structures of the rolling bearing device with sensor and the rotation support device with sensor of the present invention are as described above. In the present invention, not only the rotation speed sensor 27 (27a, 27b) but also the temperature sensor 29 (29a, 29b) are used as sensors. ) And a vibration sensor such as the acceleration sensor 40, etc., by combining the rolling bearing device with sensor and the rotation support device with sensor of the present invention with a comparator (comparison means) and a threshold setting circuit (threshold setting means), Abnormality detection of a rolling bearing such as the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 in which the operating speed frequently changes from low speed to high speed can be performed with high reliability. Next, five examples of a determination circuit for determining the presence or absence of this abnormality detection will be described.

  First, the first example of the determination circuit shown in FIG. 15 is the rotational speed of the axle 1 (FIGS. 1, 3 to 10, 12) supported by the double row tapered roller bearing 3, which is obtained from the detection signal of the rotational speed sensor 27. From the temperature of the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 obtained from the detection signal of the temperature sensor 29, the presence / absence of abnormality of the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 is determined. In this first example, the threshold setting circuit 44 detects an abnormality by a speed signal representing a value relating to the rotational speed of the axle 1 obtained by the rotational speed detection circuit 43 that processes the detection signal of the rotational speed sensor 27. Determine the threshold. The threshold value and the temperature signal sent from the temperature sensor 29 are compared by the comparator 45, and a signal representing the result of the comparison is determined by the bearing abnormality determination circuit 46, and the double row tapered roller bearing 3 is determined. Determine whether there is any abnormality. If there is an abnormality, a signal is sent to an alarm device 47 such as a buzzer or a warning light, and this alarm device 47 is operated to issue an alarm notifying the driver or worker of the occurrence of the abnormality. In the case of such a determination circuit of the first example, the abnormality detection temperature threshold value can be sequentially changed in accordance with the change in the rotation speed of the axle 1 obtained from the detection signal of the rotation speed sensor 27. It is possible to detect an abnormality in the double row tapered roller bearing 3 that occurs not only at high speed but also at low speed.

  That is, in general, the temperature during operation of the double row tapered roller bearing 3 or other rolling bearing unit increases as the rotational speed increases. For this reason, when it is attempted to determine whether there is an abnormality in the rolling bearing unit such as the double row tapered roller bearing 3 or the like using only the detection signal of the temperature sensor, the abnormality is adjusted according to the temperature at the maximum expected rotation speed. It is necessary to set a detection threshold. For this reason, it has been difficult to detect an abnormality in the rolling bearing unit such as the double row tapered roller bearing 3 at the time of low speed rotation. On the other hand, if the determination circuit of this example is used, the abnormality detection threshold can be sequentially changed in accordance with the rotational speed at that time, so that abnormality detection based on temperature can be performed with high reliability. In the determination circuit as shown in FIG. 15 described above, the rotation speed detection circuit 43, threshold setting circuit 44, comparator 45, bearing abnormality determination circuit 46, etc. are an A / D converter, microprocessor, DSP ( Software processing is also possible by a circuit using a digital signal processor).

  Next, the second example of the determination circuit shown in FIG. 16 is the rotational speed of the axle 1 supported by the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 obtained from the detection signal of the rotational speed sensor 27, and the vibration sensor such as the acceleration sensor 40. The presence or absence of abnormality of the double row tapered roller bearing 3 is determined from the vibration of the double row tapered roller bearing 3 obtained from the detection signal. In the case of the determination circuit of the second example, a threshold for abnormality detection relating to the vibration is set according to a speed signal obtained based on a detection signal of the rotation speed sensor 27, and the threshold and the acceleration sensor 40 are set. Are compared with each other by a comparator 45a to determine whether or not the double row tapered roller bearing 3 is abnormal. In the case of the determination circuit of this example, the double row tapered roller bearing at the time of low-speed rotation is obtained by sequentially changing the abnormality detection threshold related to the vibration as the rotational speed of the axle 1 changes. 3 can be detected, and a slight separation on the rolling contact surface inside the double row tapered roller bearing 3 can be detected at an early stage.

  That is, generally, the magnitude of vibration generated during operation of the rolling bearing unit including the double row tapered roller bearing 3 increases as the rotational speed increases. Therefore, when it is attempted to determine whether there is an abnormality in the rolling bearing unit such as the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 or the like using only the detection signal of the acceleration sensor 40, the vibration value generated at the maximum expected rotational speed is adjusted. Therefore, it is necessary to set a threshold for abnormality detection. For this reason, it has been difficult to detect an abnormality in the rolling bearing unit such as the double row tapered roller bearing 3 at the time of low speed rotation. On the other hand, if the determination circuit of this example is used, the abnormality detection threshold can be sequentially changed in accordance with the rotational speed at that time, so that abnormality detection such as peeling is high based on the magnitude of vibration. You can do it with reliability. In the determination circuit as shown in FIG. 16, the rotation speed detection circuit 43, the threshold setting circuit 44, the comparator 45a, the bearing abnormality determination circuit 46, and the like are an A / D converter, a microprocessor, a DSP. Software processing is also possible by a circuit using a (digital signal processor) or the like.

  Next, in the third example of the determination circuit shown in FIG. 17, the rotational speed of the axle 1 supported by the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 obtained from the detection signal of the rotational speed sensor 27, and the vibration sensor such as the acceleration sensor 40 are used. The presence or absence of abnormality of the double row tapered roller bearing 3 is determined from the vibration of the double row tapered roller bearing 3 obtained from the detection signal. In particular, in the case of this example, a signal representing the vibration of the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 sent from the acceleration sensor 40 is passed through the variable filter 48. The variable filter 48 changes the frequency to be removed or attenuated based on a signal representing the rotational speed of the double row tapered roller bearing 3 obtained from the detection signal of the rotational speed sensor 27. The vibration value after the rotational frequency component of the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 is removed or attenuated by the variable filter 48, and the abnormality detection threshold value obtained in the same manner as in the second example described above, Comparing by the comparator 45a, the presence or absence of abnormality of the double row tapered roller bearing 3 is determined.

  The vibration generated when the rolling bearing unit such as the double row tapered roller bearing 3 rotates is generally the largest in the value of the rotational frequency component synchronized with the rotational speed, but the rolling bearing such as the above double row tapered roller bearing 3 or the like. When damage such as peeling occurs inside the unit, the vibration value of the frequency component that is not synchronized with the rotational speed increases. Therefore, in the case of this example, the signal sent from the acceleration sensor 40 is passed through the variable filter 48 that changes the frequency to be removed or attenuated based on the signal of the rotational speed sensor 27, thereby corresponding to the rotational speed component. Remove or dampen frequency vibration values. Accordingly, the vibration represented by the signal after passing through the variable filter 48 has no or only a small frequency component that appears even in normal times, and the vibration component that occurs due to the abnormality is manifested by that amount. Therefore, the detection accuracy regarding the presence or absence of abnormality of the rolling bearing unit such as the double row tapered roller bearing 3 can be increased. For this reason, an abnormality of the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 can be detected at an initial stage where peeling starts at the rolling contact portion inside the double-row tapered roller bearing 3. It is possible to prevent serious damage such as seizure from occurring. In the determination circuit as shown in FIG. 17, the rotational speed detection circuit 43, variable filter 48, threshold setting circuit 44, comparator 45a, bearing abnormality determination circuit 46, etc. Software processing can also be performed by a circuit using a microprocessor, DSP (digital signal processor) or the like.

Next, the fourth example of the determination circuit shown in FIG. 18 is the rotation speed of the axle 1 supported by the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 obtained from the detection signal of the rotation speed sensor 27, and the vibration sensor such as the acceleration sensor 40. The presence or absence of abnormality of the double row tapered roller bearing 3 is determined from the vibration of the double row tapered roller bearing 3 obtained from the detection signal. In particular, in the case of this example, the vibration waveform detected by the vibration sensor such as the acceleration sensor 40 is analyzed by the periodic analysis circuit 49, and then the presence or absence of abnormality of the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 is determined. I have to. For this reason, in the case of this example, the double row tapered roller is based on the speed signal representing the speed of the double row tapered roller bearing 3 obtained from the detection signal of the rotational speed sensor 27 by the bearing abnormality determination circuit 46a. Calculation of periods T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ of various vibrations generated from the bearing 3 and determination of the presence / absence of abnormality of the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 are performed. Each of these periods T ₁ , T ₂ , T ₃ is the case where the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 rotates on the inner ring, and T ₁ is peeled off on the outer ring raceway 7 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 4. T ₂ is the vibration cycle when separation occurs on the inner ring raceway 8 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 5, and T ₃ is separation on the rolling surface of the tapered roller 6 that is a rolling element. The vibration period when it occurs is shown. By analyzing the period of the signal from the acceleration sensor 40 using the rotational speed signal, it is only possible to determine whether or not the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 is damaged due to separation. It is also possible to specify which part of the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 is peeled off.

For example, when the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 is used for inner ring rotation, if separation occurs on the outer ring raceway 7 formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 4 on the stationary side, the frequency represented by the following formula: Vibration occurs.
f ₁ = z · fc
However, z: number of rolling elements, fc: cage rotation frequency and the period T ₁ of the vibration is expressed by the following equation.
T ₁ = 1 / f ₁ = 1 / (z · fc)
On the other hand, when separation occurs on the inner ring raceway 8 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 5 on the rotating side, vibration with a frequency represented by the following equation is generated.
f ₂ = z · (fr−fc)
However, z: number of rolling elements, fr: inner ring rotation frequency, fc: cage rotation frequency, and the vibration period T ₂ is expressed by the following equation.
T ₂ = 1 / f ₂ = 1 / {z · (fr−fc)}
Furthermore, when peeling occurs on the rolling surface of the tapered roller 6 that is a rolling element, vibration with a frequency represented by the following equation is generated.
f ₃ = 2 · fb
However, fb: the rotation frequency of the rolling element And the period T _{3 of} this vibration is expressed by the following equation.
T ₃ = 1 / f ₃ = 1 / (2 · fb)
In these cases, the frequencies of fc, fr, fb, etc. can be calculated if the specifications of the rolling bearing unit such as the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 and the rotational speed thereof are known. By analyzing the period of the vibration waveform, It can be specified in which part of the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 peeling has occurred.

For example, when vibration components having periods other than the above periods T ₁ , T ₂ , and T ₃ are increasing, an abnormality has occurred in a portion other than the rolling contact surface of the double row tapered roller bearing 3. Become. Therefore, when the period analysis circuit 49 performs the period analysis of the detection signal of the acceleration sensor 40 as in this example, the rotation support section and its peripheral section including the double row tapered roller bearing 3 and its peripheral section are included. It is possible to detect abnormalities in the part including In this case, for example, if the period corresponding to the primary component of the rotational speed is particularly large, it is estimated that uneven wear due to sliding occurs at one place of the wheel. In the determination circuit as shown in FIG. 18 described above, the rotational speed detection circuit 43, the period analysis circuit 49, the bearing abnormality determination circuit 46a, and the like are also connected to an A / D converter, a microprocessor, a DSP (digital signal). Software processing is also possible by a circuit using a processor.

Next, in the fifth example of the determination circuit shown in FIG. 19, the rotational speed of the axle 1 supported by the double row tapered roller bearing 3 obtained from the detection signal of the rotational speed sensor 27, and the vibration sensor such as the acceleration sensor 40 are used. The presence / absence of abnormality of the double row tapered roller bearing 3 is determined from the vibration of the double row tapered roller bearing 3 obtained from the detection signal. In particular, in the case of this example, the vibration signal is passed through the envelope processing circuit 50 for performing the envelope processing, and frequency analysis is performed using the processed waveform. If the vibration waveform itself (raw waveform) detected by the vibration sensor such as the acceleration sensor 40 is frequency-analyzed, the abnormality of the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 cannot be analyzed. When the frequency analysis is performed by the frequency analysis circuit 51 using the waveform, it is possible to analyze the abnormality of the rolling bearing unit such as the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 or the like, and the vibration generated based on the separation of the rolling contact portion. The frequencies f ₁ , f ₂ and f ₃ can be detected. In the determination circuit as shown in FIG. 19, the rotational speed detection circuit 43, envelope processing circuit 50, frequency analysis circuit 51, bearing abnormality determination circuit 46b, etc. Software processing can also be performed by a circuit using a processor, a DSP (digital signal processor), or the like.

  In any case, the determination circuit shown in FIGS. 15 to 19 shows five examples. The threshold value for detecting an abnormality in the rolling bearing portion of the double row tapered roller bearing 3 or the like is sequentially changed as the rotational speed changes. By performing the analysis, it is possible to set an optimum threshold value according to the state of the rolling bearing such as the double row tapered roller bearing 3 that is difficult to change. And the determination precision of the presence or absence of abnormality of rolling bearings, such as this double row tapered roller bearing 3, etc. can be improved greatly. In the case of the rotation support devices of the fifth to sixth examples shown in FIGS. 6 to 7 and the ninth to tenth examples shown in FIGS. 10 to 14, the total of the rotation speed sensor 27a, the temperature sensor 29a, and the acceleration sensor 40 is used. However, by using only the combination of the rotational speed sensor 27a and the temperature sensor 29a, it is possible to detect the abnormality of the rolling bearing such as the double row tapered roller bearing 3 with high reliability. Further, it is possible to detect the abnormality of the rolling bearing with high reliability by using only the combination of the rotational speed sensor 27a and the acceleration sensor 40. Further, by applying the determination circuit shown in FIGS. 15 to 19 to the first to tenth examples of the above-described embodiment, it is possible to detect a bearing abnormality with high accuracy.

  In addition to the rotational speed sensors 27 and 27a, in the configuration in which both vibration sensors such as the temperature sensor 29a and the acceleration sensor 40 are combined, an abnormality of the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 is detected from both the temperature and vibration signals. As a result, it is possible to detect a wide range of abnormalities such as poor lubrication due to grease deterioration and peeling of the rolling contact surface due to foreign object biting. According to the rotation support device with a sensor combined with the determination circuit as described above, it is possible to detect an abnormality of the rolling bearing such as the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 at an early stage, and this double-row tapered roller bearing. It is possible to effectively prevent occurrence of serious damage such as seizure on the rolling bearing of 3 etc.

  In the rolling bearing device with sensor and the rotation support device with sensor of each example shown in FIGS. 1 to 14 described above, the rotating wheels are the inner rings 5 and 5, and the stationary wheel is the outer ring 4. However, the present invention is not limited to such a structure, and can be implemented with a structure in which the rotating wheel is an outer ring and the stationary wheel is an inner ring. Further, the sensor-equipped rolling bearing device and the sensor-equipped rotation support device described above have been described in the case where the double-row tapered roller bearing 3 in which a plurality of rolling elements are tapered rollers 6 is used. However, the present invention is not limited to such a structure. Various rolling bearings such as a cylindrical roller bearing in which a plurality of rolling elements are cylindrical rollers, or a ball bearing in which a plurality of rolling elements are balls are used. It can be carried out even for products that use Furthermore, in the case of each of the above examples, the detection surface of the rotational speed sensor 27 and the detected part are opposed to each other in the diameter direction of the sensor-equipped rolling bearing device and the sensor-equipped rotational support device in order to detect the rotational speed. In this invention, these detection surfaces and to-be-detected parts can also be made to oppose in the axial direction of a rolling bearing device with a sensor and a rotation support device with a sensor.

  Since the rolling bearing device with a sensor and the rotation support device with a sensor of the present invention are configured and act as described above, not only can the mounting space for a plurality of types of sensors including a rotation speed sensor and a temperature sensor be reduced, The attachment work becomes easy, and the harness for taking out the signals of these sensors can be easily handled. For this reason, it is possible to reduce the size and cost of the rotation support part of various mechanical devices such as the rotation support part of the axle of the railway vehicle, and to improve the degree of design freedom.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 2 showing a first example of an embodiment of the present invention. The figure seen from the left side of FIG. The principal part sectional drawing which shows the 2nd example of embodiment of this invention. The principal part sectional view showing the 3rd example. Sectional drawing which shows the principal part which shows the 4th example. The principal part sectional view showing the 5th example. The principal part sectional view showing the 6th example. The principal part sectional view showing the 7th example. Sectional drawing of the principal part which shows the 8th example. The principal part sectional view showing the 9th example. The circuit diagram of the reference voltage generation circuit part integrated in the sensor unit which comprises the 9th example. The principal part sectional view showing the 10th example of an embodiment of the invention. The circuit diagram of the amplifier circuit part integrated in the sensor unit which comprises a 10th example. The circuit diagram which shows another example of this part. The block diagram which shows the 1st example of the determination circuit for performing abnormality detection of a rolling bearing unit. The block diagram which shows the 2nd example. The block diagram which shows the 3rd example. The block diagram which shows the 4th example. The block diagram which shows the 5th example. The BOC sectional view of FIG. 21 which shows an example of the conventional structure. The figure seen from the left side of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Axle 2, 2a Bearing box 3 Double row tapered roller bearing 4 Outer ring 5 Inner ring 6 Tapered roller 7 Outer ring raceway 8 Inner ring raceway 9 Cage 10 Step part 11 Spacer 12, 12a Annular member 13 Male thread part 14 Nut 15 Bolt 16 Detent Ring 17 Seal case 18 Seal ring 19 Encoder 20 Bolt 21 Ring portion 22, 22a Cover 23, 23a Cylindrical portion 24 Bottom plate portion 25 Mounting portion 26, 26a, 26b Sensor mounting hole 27, 27a, 27b Rotational speed sensor 28 For sensor mounting Recessed hole 29, 29a, 29b Temperature sensor 30a, 30b, 30c Mounting flange 31a, 31b, 31c Bolt 32a, 32b Harness 33, 33a, 33b Sensor holder 34 Gutter 35, 35a, 35b, 35c, 35d Sensor unit 36, 36a Cable 38 Restraining plate 39 Volt 40 Acceleration sensor 41 Holding block 42 O-ring 43 Rotational speed detection circuit 44 Threshold setting circuit 45, 45a Comparator 46, 46a, 46b Bearing abnormality determination circuit 47 Alarm 48 Variable filter 49 Period analysis circuit 50 Envelope processing circuit 51 Frequency Analysis Circuit 52 Reference Voltage Generation Circuit 53, 53a Amplifier Circuit

Claims (7)

  An outer ring having an outer ring raceway on an inner peripheral surface, an inner ring having an inner ring raceway on an outer peripheral surface, a plurality of rolling elements provided between the outer ring raceway and the inner ring raceway, and the outer ring and the inner ring A sensor unit that holds a plurality of types of sensors for detecting the state of a rolling bearing in a single holder supported by a stationary ring that is a non-rotating raceway ring or a member fixed to the stationary ring. A rolling bearing device with a sensor comprising:   The sensor-equipped rolling bearing device according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of types of sensors constituting the sensor unit are two or more types of sensors selected from a rotation speed sensor, a temperature sensor, and a vibration sensor.   The reference voltage generation circuit for generating the reference voltage supplied to at least one of the temperature sensor and the vibration sensor is held in the holder constituting the sensor unit. Rolling bearing device with sensor.   An amplifying circuit for amplifying an output signal of at least one sensor is held in a holder constituting the sensor unit, and the output signal of the sensor is amplified and sent out of the sensor unit. A rolling bearing device with a sensor as described in any of the above.   A housing that does not rotate even when used, a rotating shaft that is arranged on the inner diameter side of the housing and that rotates when used, and an inner ring that supports the rotating shaft rotatably on the inner diameter side of the housing. A rolling bearing that supports the outer ring on the outer peripheral surface and supports the outer ring on the inner peripheral surface of the housing, and is fixed to a portion protruding from the inner ring at one end of the rotating shaft, and rotates together with the rotating shaft. A rotating member that is arranged concentrically with the rotating shaft on a part of the rotating member, and a detected portion whose characteristics are alternately changed in the circumferential direction, and a cover that covers the housing or the opening of the housing. A plurality of types including a sensor mounting hole provided in a portion facing the detected portion at a portion and adjacent to the outer ring to such an extent that the temperature rises according to the temperature rise of the outer ring, and a rotational speed sensor. The sensor is provided with a sensor unit that is held in a single sensor holder and includes a sensor unit that is inserted into the sensor mounting hole in a state in which the detection portion of the rotational speed sensor faces the detected portion. Rotating support device.   The plural types of sensors held in the holder constituting the sensor unit include at least one of a temperature sensor and a vibration sensor, and at least one of the temperature sensor and the vibration sensor is included in the sensor. The rotation support device with a sensor according to claim 5, wherein a reference voltage generation circuit for generating a reference voltage to be supplied is held in the holder.   An amplifying circuit for amplifying an output signal of at least one sensor is held in a holder constituting the sensor unit, and the output signal of the sensor is amplified and sent out of the sensor unit. A rotation support device with a sensor according to any one of the above.

Images