JP2008030156A - Marking device and marking method using the device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently mark an installation position on an installation face for installing a prescribed installation object. <P>SOLUTION: This marking device 14 is provided with an extensible pole 22, a pressing plate 24 provided at the tip of the pole 22 to be pressed on the installation face 16, a marking part 30 provided with a stamp 28 extending and contracting toward the installation face 16, a point laser 52 incorporated into the marking part 30 having an optical axis coinciding with an axis of the stamp 28 and projecting the present position of the stamp 28 on the installation face 16 by irradiating the installation face 16 with a laser beam, a X-Y moving part 26 interposed between the pressing plate 24 and a marking part 305 to move the marking part 30 on a surface orthogonal to the pole 22 in relation to the pressing plate 24, and a hand operation part 23 provided in the pole 22 to at least operate the driving of the X-Y moving part 26, the stamp 28 and the point laser 52. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a marking device for marking an installation position for installing an installation object such as equipment on a predetermined construction object at a construction site and a marking method using the device.

  For example, in the construction site of a tunnel, a work of attaching a can product (installed object) to a ceiling wall surface with an anchor bolt is often performed, and in this case, as many ink marking operations as the number of holes of the anchor bolt are required. When installing equipment on ceiling walls, side walls, etc., not only at construction sites such as tunnels, it is necessary to perform marking work (marking the installation position) in advance to determine where to install the equipment. It becomes.

  The conventional marking operation on the ceiling wall will be explained. First, provisional marking is applied to the floor surface position corresponding to the X and Y coordinate positions of the installation position, and then the floor surface is lowered using a lowering / lowering or a laser vertical device. The ceiling wall surface position directly above the marking position was presented, and the worker who was waiting near the ceiling wall surface at this presentation position was marking (marking out).

  In Patent Document 1, a program relating to an environmental model in which a construction original is transcribed, coordinates of a work point in the environmental model, movement of a carriage, positioning of a work device, and a work menu are input in advance to a computer of a control unit. Then, move the dolly that has completed self-location identification at the starting point toward the work point, and measure the distance to the reflective target placed at the reference point on the floor surface using the optical wave range finder. The amount of deviation between the truck stopped near the work point and the work point is calculated, the deviation is corrected with an XY table, the work equipment is positioned at the work point, and then the work with the work equipment is performed. Is described.

Patent Document 2 discloses a marking device that moves while detecting the current position using an existing pillar in a room in which three or more pillars extend in the vertical direction to mark the ceiling surface. Is described. A position detection unit for detecting the self-position necessary for moving to a predetermined marking position includes a computer for inputting the geometric shape and position of each column, and rotating the laser beam in the horizontal direction. A laser scanning means for scanning; a sensor for receiving reflected light of the laser light on the marking device; an angle detecting means for detecting an edge of each pillar and calculating an angle formed between each edge and the marking device; and the computer And a self-position detecting means for calculating the self-position of the marking device on the basis of the position of the edge of each column inputted to the column.
JP 2001-289638 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-1552

  However, in the conventional technology, it is necessary to measure a large number of reference points and azimuths to confirm the installation position of the equipment, so it is necessary to pay attention to the time and work sequence, and the installation status of the marking device. There is also a problem that marking cannot be performed in a place where design information is not available.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a marking device and a marking method using the device, which can eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art and can efficiently mark the installation position.

  In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention according to claim 1 is a marking device that performs marking at an installation position on an installation surface on which a predetermined installation object is installed, and is provided at a telescopic pole and a tip of the pole. A pressing plate that presses against the installation surface, a marking unit that includes a stamp that expands and contracts toward the installation surface, an optical axis that is built in the marking unit and coincides with the axis of the stamp, and the installation surface A point laser for projecting the current position of the stamp onto the installation surface by irradiating the laser beam toward the mounting surface, and the marking plate interposed between the pressing plate and the marking portion. Moving on a plane orthogonal to the pole, and provided on the pole, the XY moving unit, the stamp, and the point label. Providing a hand operation unit for at least operating the drive of The, a marking device, characterized in that it comprises a.

In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 3 is a marking method in which the marking device according to claim 1 or 2 performs marking at the installation position of the installation surface on which the predetermined installation object is installed. Extending the pole and pressing and fixing the pressing plate provided at the tip of the pole near the installation position of the installation surface; irradiating the installation surface with laser light from a point laser; and The step of confirming whether or not the laser light irradiation point matches, and if the installation position and the laser light irradiation point do not match, the XY moving unit is driven and fixed to the installation surface. Moving the marking portion with respect to the pressed plate to match the installation position with the laser beam irradiation point; and the installation position and the laser beam If morphism and point match, provides a marking method characterized by comprising the a step of marking the installation position by extending the stamp.
Here, providing the pressing plate at the tip of the pole means that the pressing plate is directly supported on the tip of the pole, and the pressing plate is fixed to the marking by fixing the tip of the pole to the marking unit. Including both cases of supporting

Claim 1 constitutes the present invention as an apparatus, and Claim 3 is a marking method using the apparatus. The marking device and method according to the present invention is an invention based on the fact that an operator performs marking by gripping a pole and operating it with a hand operating unit.
According to the present invention, if this apparatus is installed in the vicinity of the installation position, marking can be efficiently performed with a simple apparatus without performing special reference point measurement or azimuth measurement. Further, by pressing and fixing the pressing plate to the installation surface, it is possible to reduce the burden on the operator who holds the pole of the marking device, and since the marking device does not shake, accurate marking can be performed. Further, if a carriage is provided at the base end of the pole as in claim 2, the pole is placed between the installation surface and the floor surface or the ground (or the wall surface facing the installation surface) via the pressing plate and the carriage. Thus, the marking device can be fixed without the operator holding and supporting the pole, further reducing labor and improving the marking accuracy.

  According to the present invention, the installation position can be marked efficiently.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a marking apparatus and method according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of an example of a construction support system 10 to which a marking device of the present invention is applied. As shown in the figure, the construction support system 10 is mainly composed of a three-dimensional measuring instrument 11, a marking device 14, and a portable information terminal device 18. The three-dimensional measuring device 11 collimates the target, irradiates the collimation target with laser light (or near infrared light), and receives and detects the recurring reflected light, thereby determining the distance and direction to the collimation target. It has a function to measure and calculate the three-dimensional coordinates of the collimation destination. Collimation means that the direction of the three-dimensional measuring instrument 11 is changed in a set direction. When the telescope 12 built in the three-dimensional measuring instrument 11 is looked into, the collimating destination is ahead. That is, there is an installation position (a black position to be drawn). The collimation direction is set by driving means (not shown) built in the three-dimensional measuring instrument 11 based on the three-dimensional coordinate information of the installation position in the design drawing inputted to the three-dimensional measuring instrument 11. The direction of the telescope 12 is automatically changed. Then, the three-dimensional coordinates of the collimation target (presentation position) are obtained by three-dimensional measurement of the collimation target.

  The three-dimensional coordinate data of the installation position input to the three-dimensional measuring instrument 11 may be manually acquired from a design drawing such as a blue chart and input to the three-dimensional measuring instrument 11, but wireless communication is performed from the portable information terminal device 18. Alternatively, it is preferable to automatically input to the three-dimensional measuring instrument 11 by wired communication.

  The three-dimensional measuring instrument 11 has a built-in point laser (not shown), and the installation position to be marked (stamped) by the marking device 14 as shown in FIG. P is presented on the installation surface 16.

  Note that the installation position P as a collimation destination can be presented on the installation surface 16 only by performing the above-described collimation without inputting the three-dimensional coordinate data to the three-dimensional measuring instrument 11.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the marking device 14 is mainly supported by a carriage unit 20, a telescopic pole 22 erected perpendicularly to the carriage unit 20, and a tip of the pole 22, and extends the pole 22. The pressing plate 24 is pressed against and fixed to the installation surface 16, the XY moving unit 26 (stamp moving unit), and the marking unit 30 including the stamp 28.

  The carriage unit 20 supports the entire marking device 14, and the worker M can easily move the marking device 14 to a desired place by causing the carriage unit 20 to travel manually. Reference numeral 32 in FIG. 1 denotes a caster 32 of the carriage unit 20.

  2 and 3, the marking device 14 has a pole 22 that can be gripped by a human hand, and a marking portion 30 is supported on the pole 22. The connecting portion 34 connects the marking portion 30 to the pole 22 so that the moving direction (Z direction) of the stamp 28 is parallel to the axial direction of the pole 22.

  A marking device 14 in a transported state in which the pole 22 has the shortest length is shown in FIG. 4A, and a marking device 14 in a used state in which the pole 22 is extended from the shortest time is shown in FIG. 4B. The length of the pole 22 is, for example, 1.8 m at the shortest time and 4.3 m at the longest time. The pole 22 is formed in a rod antenna shape by a plurality of rods formed in a nested structure, and is configured to extend and contract in the vertical direction by a built-in drive unit (not shown). The expansion / contraction operation of the pole 22 is operated by the hand operation unit 23 supported by the rod closest to the carriage unit 20 of the rod constituting the pole 22. Then, the marking portion 30 is moved up and down by the expansion and contraction operation of the pole 22 to change the height of the marking portion 30. The position of the marking unit 30 on the XY plane (horizontal plane) is adjusted by an XY moving unit 26 described later. The driving of the XY moving unit 26 is operated by the hand operating unit 23, and the marking unit 30 can be moved precisely (for example, in units of 1 mm) on the XY plane. That is, the stamp 28 is moved precisely in the XY plane. The pole 22 may be extended and contracted manually by the operator M.

  The pressing plate 24 is formed in an L shape so as not to obstruct the optical path of the laser beam irradiated from the three-dimensional measuring instrument 11 to the installation position P of the installation surface 16. The pressing plate 24 is pressed against the installation surface 16 by the operator M holding the pole 22 by extending the pole 22. Thus, by pressing and fixing the pressing plate 24 to the installation surface 16, the burden on the operator M holding the pole 22 of the marking device 14 can be reduced, and the marking device 14 does not shake, so accurate marking can be performed. Can be implemented. In this case, since the carriage 20 is provided at the base end (lower end) of the pole 22, the pole 22 is connected to the installation surface 16 and the floor 38 or the ground 38 via the pressing plate 24 and the carriage 20. Therefore, the marking device 14 can be fixed without the operator M holding and supporting the pole 22, thereby further reducing labor and improving the marking accuracy.

  Further, between the pressing plate 24 and the base 40 that supports the marking unit 30 including the stamp 28, the X moves the marking unit 30 relative to the pressing plate 24 in the X and Y directions shown in FIG. 2. -Y moving part 26 is interposed. In addition to the stamp 28, a camera 42 that images the installation surface 16 is provided on the base 40 so that an image of the installation surface is projected on a monitor (not shown) attached near the hand operation unit 23. It is preferable.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram conceptually showing the XY moving unit 26. As shown in FIG. 5, the XY moving unit 26 is driven by an X-axis drive unit 26A fixed to the pressing plate 24 and is slid in the X-axis direction, and is fixed to the X-axis slider 26B. And a Y-axis slider 26D that is driven by the Y-axis drive unit 26C and slides in the Y-axis direction. As a drive mechanism of the XY moving unit 26, for example, a linear motor drive mechanism, a feed screw drive mechanism, or the like can be suitably used. Note that the linear motor drive mechanism and the feed screw drive mechanism are well-known techniques and will not be described.

  The driving of the XY moving unit 26 is operated by the hand operating unit 23. As a result, in a state in which the pressing plate 24 is pressed and fixed to the installation surface 16 by the pole 22, when the hand operating unit 23 is operated to drive the XY moving unit 26, the pressing plate 24 pressed to the installation surface 16 is fixed. On the other hand, since the base 40 moves in the XY direction, the marking unit 30 including the stamp 28 supported by the base 40 can be moved in the XY direction.

  FIG. 6 shows an example in which the stamp 28 is moved by the XY moving unit 26, and FIG. 6A shows a state before the XY moving unit 26 is driven. As shown in FIG. 6B, when the Y-axis slider 26D is moved in the Y-axis direction by the Y-axis drive unit 26C, the stamp 28 mounted on the base 40 is also moved in the Y-axis direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 6C, when the X-axis slider 26B is moved in the X-axis direction by the X-axis drive unit 26A, the stamp 28 mounted on the base 40 is also moved in the X-axis direction. Thereby, the stamp 28 can be moved on the XY plane (horizontal plane). In FIG. 6, only the stamp 28 is illustrated, but the entire marking unit 30 including the stamp 28 is moved by the movement of the base 40. Thereby, the current position (second laser point S) of the stamp 28 is moved relative to the installation position (first laser point P) of the installation surface 16. In this case, when the marking unit 30 is supported on the pole 22, the pole 22 is also moved through the marking unit 30 by driving the XY moving unit 26. However, the pole 22 is a carriage unit with casters 32. Since it is erected on 20, the carriage unit 20 also moves in conjunction with the movement of the pole 22. Therefore, the driving of the XY moving unit 26 is not hindered. However, when only the marking portion 30 is moved by driving the XY moving portion 26 and it is not desired to interlock the pole 22, the tip end portion of the pole 22 may be directly supported by the pressing plate 24.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a point laser 52 is built in the marking unit 30. In FIG. 7, the pressing plate 24, the XY moving unit 26, and the camera 42 are omitted. The point laser 52 has an optical axis that coincides with the axis of the stamp 28, and projects the current position of the stamp 28 onto the installation surface 16 by irradiating the installation surface 16 with laser light. That is, a hollow laser irradiation guide pipe 55 is attached to the air cylinder 53 extending in the Z direction in parallel to the pole 22, that is, in parallel to the Z direction. A stamp 28 for marking is attached to the tip of the pipe 55. A point laser 52 that emits laser light is attached to the inside of the pipe 55. Thus, the pipe 55 has a structure in which the axis of the point laser 52 and the axis of the stamp 28 coincide with each other, and the laser light emitted from the point laser 52 is guided to the pipe 55 to irradiate the stamp 28 with the laser beam. Irradiated from the hole 57 in the Z direction in the figure. When the air cylinder 53 is operated, the stamp push-out rod 54 attached to the air cylinder 53 extends in the Z direction, and the leading end surface of the stamp 28 comes into contact with the installation surface 16 such as a ceiling surface to be marked. Marking is performed on the installation surface 16.

  In this case, the color of the laser beam emitted from the point laser of the three-dimensional measuring instrument 11 to the installation surface 16 in order to present the installation position P and the marking device 14 in order to present the current position S of the stamp 28. The color of the laser beam emitted from the point laser 52 to the installation surface 16 is different. For example, the light of the first laser that presents the installation position P is red, and the light of the second laser 52 that presents the current position S of the stamp 28 is green. Therefore, the irradiation point of the first laser (first laser point) and the irradiation point of the second laser 52 (second laser point) observed when the current position S of the stamp 28 coincides with the installation position P. Is a mixed color of red and green, it can be easily detected that the two laser points coincide. Therefore, the stamp 28 can be moved so that the point irradiated from the point laser to the installation surface 16, that is, the marking position of the stamp 28 coincides with the point irradiated from the three-dimensional measuring instrument 11 to the installation position.

  Further, the hand operating section 23 provided on the pole 22 is provided with a point laser switch for performing a switching operation of the point laser 52 (second laser) between emission and non-emission, and an XY moving section 26 with respect to the pressing plate 24. And an XY movement switch for performing the relative movement operation, and a switch such as a stamp switch for performing an operation (marking operation) for pressing the stamp 28 on the installation surface 16. FIG. 8A shows a state in which the stamp push-out rod 54 is drawn into the main body of the marking unit 30, that is, a state in which the stamp 28 is drawn inward (point laser 52 side) from the pressing plate 24 in the Z direction. . FIG. 8B shows a state in which the stamp extruding rod 54 is pushed out from the main body of the marking unit 30, that is, a state in which the stamp 28 is pushed out of the pressing plate 24 (on the installation surface 16 side) in the Z direction.

  Next, an example of the flow of an installation position recording process (marking process) in which marking is performed at a desired installation position on the installation surface on which a predetermined installation object is installed at the construction site using the marking device 14 configured as described above. This is shown in the flowchart of FIG.

  In FIG. 9, first, the installation position P of the installation object is presented on the installation surface 16 by the point laser of the three-dimensional measuring instrument 11 (hereinafter referred to as “first laser”) (step S1). In this example, the first laser emits red laser light, and a red irradiation point (hereinafter referred to as “first laser point”) is presented as the installation position P of the installation object on the ceiling surface which is the installation surface 16. The

The worker M installs the marking device 14 near the floor surface (or the ground) at the installation position P (step S2). The marking device 14 in FIG. 1 is manually moved by the carriage unit 20.
Next, the operator M operates the hand operation unit 23 of the marking device 14 to photograph the installation surface 16 with the camera 42 attached to the marking device 14 (step S3) and installs the laser beam from the point laser 52. Irradiation is directed toward the surface 16, and the current position S of the stamp 28 is presented on the installation surface 16 (step S4). In this example, the second laser emits green laser light, and the green irradiation point (hereinafter referred to as “second laser point”) is projected onto the ceiling surface, which is the installation surface 16, and the current position S of the stamp 28 is projected. The

  Next, the worker M matches the first laser point P, which is a red irradiation point, and the second laser point S, which is a green irradiation point, on the monitor image captured by the camera 42. (Step S5).

  When the two points P and S coincide with each other, the worker M extends the stamp 28 of the marking device 14 so as to contact the first laser point P of the installation surface 16. Marking is performed (step S6).

  When the two points P and S are misaligned, the operator M operates the hand operating unit 23 to drive the XY moving unit 26 to press and fix the pressing plate to the installation surface 16. 24, the marking unit 30 including the stamp 28 is moved in the XY direction (horizontal direction) (step S7).

  Then, returning to step S5, when the two points P and S coincide with each other on the captured image, the stamp 28 is extended, and the installation surface 16 is marked (step S6).

  In the above marking method, the first laser point P and the second laser point S are made to coincide on the imaging screen of the monitor imaged by the camera 42, but the operator M sets the installation surface 16. By visual observation, the first laser point P and the second laser point S may coincide with each other on the installation surface 16.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although demonstrated on the example marked on a ceiling surface, the marking apparatus 14 of this invention can also be used in order to mark a wall surface. FIG. 10 shows a perspective view of a wall marking device 140 '. The marking device 140 'is configured by changing the configuration of the marking device 140 shown in FIG. 3 by replacing the connecting portion 34 between the marking portion 30 and the pole 22 with 410'. In FIG. 9, the connecting portion 410 ′ connects the marking portion 30 to the pole 22 so that the moving direction (Z direction) of the stamp 28 is orthogonal to the axial direction of the pole 22. Other components are the same as those of the marking device 14 shown in FIG. When marking is performed on a substantially vertical wall surface 160 using the marking device 140 ′, the pole 22 is set substantially parallel to the wall surface 160. By pressing the pressing plate 24 against the wall surface 160 and moving the marking unit 30 in the X and Y directions in the figure by the XY moving unit 26, the current position of the stamp 28 is moved toward the installation position, The stamp 28 is stamped on the wall surface 160 in the same manner as the marking device 14 shown in FIG.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described in detail, this invention is not limited to the example demonstrated in this specification and the example shown in drawing, In the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, various Of course, design changes and improvements may be made.

Overall configuration diagram of an example of a construction support system incorporating a marking device according to the present invention 1 is a perspective view of the marking device of FIG. Side view of the marking device of FIG. (A) is explanatory drawing which shows the state which shortened the pole of the marking apparatus, (B) is explanatory drawing which shows the state which extended the pole of the marking apparatus Explanatory drawing mainly explaining an XY movement part of a marking device Explanatory drawing explaining the movement of the stamp with respect to a pressing board by having driven the XY moving part. Explanatory drawing explaining the point laser Explanatory drawing explaining expansion and contraction of stamp Flow chart showing an example of the flow of the marking process Explanatory drawing of the marking apparatus which marks a wall surface in this invention

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Construction support system, 11 ... Three-dimensional measuring instrument, 12 ... Three-dimensional measuring instrument telescope, 14 ... Marking device, 16 ... Installation surface, 18 ... Portable information terminal device, 20 ... Dolly part, 22 ... Pole, 24 ... Press plate, 26 ... XY moving part, 28 ... stamp, 30 ... marking part, 32 ... caster, 34 ... connecting part, 38 ... floor surface, 40 ... base, 42 ... camera, 52 ... point laser of marking part (Second laser), 53... Air cylinder in the marking part, 54. Stamp extruding rod in the marking part, 55. Laser irradiation guide pipe in the marking part, M.

Claims (3)

In a marking device that performs marking on the installation position of the installation surface on which a predetermined installation is installed,
Telescopic pole,
A pressing plate provided at the tip of the pole and pressed against the installation surface;
A marking portion provided with a stamp that expands and contracts toward the installation surface;
A point laser built in the marking unit, having an optical axis that coincides with the axis of the stamp, and projecting the current position of the stamp on the installation surface by irradiating the installation surface with laser light;
An XY moving unit that is interposed between the pressing plate and the marking unit and moves the marking unit on a plane orthogonal to the pole with respect to the pressing plate;
A marking device, comprising: a hand operating unit provided at the pole for operating at least the driving of the XY moving unit, the stamp, and the point laser.   The marking device according to claim 1, wherein a carriage is provided at a base end portion of the pole. In the marking method for marking the installation position of the installation surface on which the predetermined installation object is installed by the marking device according to claim 1 or 2,
Extending the telescopic pole, and pressing and fixing the pressing plate provided at the tip of the pole near the installation position of the installation surface;
Irradiating the installation surface with a laser beam from a point laser, and confirming whether the installation position and the irradiation point of the laser beam match,
When the installation position and the laser beam irradiation point do not match, the installation position is moved by driving the XY moving unit and moving the marking unit with respect to the pressing plate fixed to the installation surface. And a step of matching the irradiation point of the laser beam,
And a step of marking the installation position by extending the stamp when the installation position and the laser beam irradiation point coincide with each other.

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