JP2008025930A - Waste gasification melting facility - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste gasification melting facility capable of omitting frames for supporting a combustion furnace and a boiler while maintaining earthquake resistance. <P>SOLUTION: The waste gasification melting facility comprises a gasification melting furnace 1 for gasifying and melting waste, the combustion furnace 2 for burning combustible gas generated by the gasification, and the boiler 3 for cooling combustion exhaust gas from the combustion furnace 2 to recover heat. The combustion furnace 2 and the boiler 3 are self-supported and mounted to a common base frame 13 without being supported at side surfaces thereof by frames, and the base frame 13 is supported on the foundation ground by a base isolation device. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a gasification and melting facility for gasifying and melting waste, and in particular, a combustion furnace for burning a combustible gas generated by gasification, and a boiler for cooling and recovering heat from a combustion exhaust gas from the combustion furnace. Concerning structure.

  Waste gasification and melting equipment that gasifies and melts waste such as municipal waste and industrial waste mainly consists of a gasification and melting furnace that gasifies and melts waste, and combustible gas generated by gasification. A combustion furnace that cools the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion furnace and recovers heat, and an exhaust gas treatment device that renders the combustion exhaust gas after heat recovery harmless.

  FIG. 8 shows a general elevation view from a gasification melting furnace to a boiler in a conventional waste gasification melting facility. In FIG. 8, the garbage 9 stored in the garbage pit 8 is put into the gasification melting furnace 1 from the upper part of the furnace by the garbage crane 10, the combustible component is gasified, and the combustible gas generated by the gasification is the gas introduction pipe 4. Is introduced into the combustion burner 11 provided at the lower part of the combustion furnace 2, and is completely burned in the combustion furnace 2. The high-temperature combustion exhaust gas after combustion is sent to the boiler 3 via the gas discharge pipe 12, and heat recovery is performed. The combustion exhaust gas after heat recovery is rendered harmless by the exhaust gas treatment device and discharged from the chimney.

  As a method for supporting each plant equipment constituting the waste gasification and melting facility, the gas melting furnace 1 is supported by a floor beam formed integrally with a solid reinforced concrete garbage bit 8. Moreover, the combustion furnace 2 and the boiler 3 that are particularly heavy among plant equipment are supported by the frame 6 independently of the garbage bit 8. Specifically, in the combustion furnace 2, the vertical load is supported at the part a, and at the time of an earthquake, the horizontal load is supported at the parts a and c.

  On the other hand, in the boiler 3, a vertical load is supported by the lower part b, and a horizontal load is supported by the parts b and d during an earthquake. Moreover, since the high-temperature (225-250 degreeC) water-cooled wall is a structure in the boiler 3, the support method needs consideration by thermal expansion, and in b part, one point of the surrounding support part is fixed part. And others are sliding supports. Furthermore, it is necessary to consider such as setting a thermal expansion allowance as a gap in advance for the portion d. Further, since the combustion furnace 2 is lined with a refractory, the iron skin temperature is as low as about 60 to 80 ° C., but since the boiler 3 is high as described above, the gas exhaust pipe 12 connecting the both has a large high temperature. A vertical expansion difference occurs. Therefore, the gas exhaust pipe 12 is provided with an expansion / contraction pipe 7 so as to absorb this thermal expansion difference.

  As described above, the combustion furnace 2 and the boiler 3 are particularly heavy in the plant equipment constituting the waste gasification and melting facility, and a large horizontal force acts during an earthquake. In addition, since the center of gravity is high in both cases, a large fall moment load is generated. In order to stably support the combustion furnace 2 and the boiler 3 against this seismic load, it is necessary to assemble the frame 6 to the upper part. The horizontal seismic intensity (ratio of horizontal force to its own weight) at the time of earthquake depends on the conditions of the foundation ground, but it is usually designed to be in the elastic range with a value of about 0.3. For this reason, in the conventional waste gasification and melting equipment, there is a problem that the cost for constructing the frame 6 and the foundation for supporting the combustion furnace 2 and the boiler 3 is increased. In addition, when safety is required in a large earthquake where a greater horizontal seismic intensity is assumed, a stronger structure is required.

  In contrast, Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 disclose a seismic control frame and a seismic isolation frame of a garbage incineration plant, both of which are based on the premise that a frame is used to support the plant. The problem of high costs for the construction of the frame and its foundation cannot be solved.

  Here, in order to reduce the cost of the frame, the upper structure of the frame 6 is abolished in FIG. 8 and the support portions a and b supporting the vertical load are used, and the overturning moment when the earthquake occurs is also the support portions a and b. It is also possible to use a structure that bears the However, since the natural period of vibration is different between the combustion furnace 2 and the boiler 3, it is considered that a large relative displacement occurs in the expansion and contraction tube 7 provided in the gas discharge pipe 12 and breaks. For this reason, in the conventional waste gasification melting equipment, as shown in FIG. 8, the strong frame 6 which assumed the earthquake is assembled to the upper part.

This frame is not treated as a building by law, but in the case of waste treatment facilities, it is often required to have earthquake resistance equivalent to that of the building, and it is necessary to make it a strong structure that can withstand a large earthquake.
JP-A-9-264504 JP 2001-254905 A

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a waste gasification and melting facility that has earthquake resistance and can omit the frame that supports the combustion furnace and the boiler.

  Combustion furnaces and boilers are inherently highly rigid shell structures surrounded by iron shells and water-cooled walls, and sufficient seismic strength can be obtained if the main body is directly joined firmly to the ground foundation. However, in this case, a foundation or pile that can withstand a strong overturning moment is required.

  Therefore, in the present invention, the foundation frame is arranged on the foundation ground via the seismic isolation device, and the combustion furnace and the boiler are independently mounted on the foundation frame.

  That is, the present invention includes a gasification melting furnace that gasifies and melts waste, a combustion furnace that burns a combustible gas generated by gasification, a boiler that cools the combustion exhaust gas from the combustion furnace and recovers heat. In the waste gasification and melting facility, the combustion furnace and the boiler are mounted on a common foundation stand independently without being supported on the side by the frame, and the foundation stand is connected via a seismic isolation device. It is characterized by being supported by the foundation ground.

  Thus, the frame which supports a combustion furnace and a boiler can be abbreviate | omitted by mounting a combustion furnace and a boiler independently on a foundation frame. In addition, since the foundation frame on which the combustion furnace and the boiler are mounted is supported on the foundation ground via the seismic isolation device, the earthquake resistance is also ensured. And, by placing the foundation frame on the foundation ground via the seismic isolation device, it is not necessary to build a strong foundation as in the past to ensure earthquake resistance, and the foundation construction cost can be reduced. .

  Further, in the conventional waste gasification and melting equipment, as described above, the expansion pipe provided in the gas discharge pipe connecting the combustion furnace and the boiler may be broken during an earthquake. This telescopic tube is mainly installed to absorb the expansion difference in the height direction between the combustion furnace 2 and the boiler 3. Therefore, if the position of the gas discharge pipe is in the vicinity of the lower support portion, it is not necessary to consider the difference in expansion in the height direction.

  That is, in the present invention, the lower end portion of the combustion furnace is fixed and supported on the foundation gantry, and a combustion burner for combusting the combustible gas from the gasification melting furnace is disposed on the upper portion of the combustion furnace to discharge the combustion exhaust gas. It is preferable that the gas discharge pipe to be disposed is disposed at the lower part of the combustion furnace, and the boiler is connected to the gas discharge pipe by a rigid connection. By disposing the gas discharge pipe in the lower part of the combustion furnace in this way, it becomes unnecessary to provide an expansion / contraction pipe that has been conventionally required. And a horizontal force of the axial direction of a gas exhaust pipe is transmitted mutually at the time of an earthquake by connecting a combustion furnace and a boiler by a rigid connection with a gas exhaust pipe. The horizontal force is transmitted to the foundation frame on which the combustion furnace and boiler are mounted, but since the foundation frame is supported on the foundation ground via the seismic isolation device, the horizontal force is greatly suppressed and the tipping moment is also reduced. It becomes smaller and seismic resistance is secured.

  Further, in supporting the boiler 3 on the foundation frame, consideration must be given to the thermal expansion of the boiler. Therefore, in the present invention, the lower end of the boiler is supported on a boiler support base disposed on the foundation base via a slide support that allows horizontal movement, and between the lower end of the boiler and the boiler support base. In addition, it is preferable to arrange a horizontal force receiving mechanism that transmits a horizontal force in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the gas discharge pipe acting on the boiler to the boiler receiving frame and does not restrict horizontal movement of the gas discharge pipe in the axial direction. . By setting it as such a structure, the horizontal force which acts at the time of an earthquake can be transmitted to a foundation stand by a gas exhaust pipe and a horizontal force receiving mechanism, without restraining thermal expansion of a boiler.

  As another configuration, the lower end of the side wall of the boiler is supported on a foundation frame via a plurality of columns, and the plurality of columns are connected to the foundation frame and the lower end of the side wall of the boiler, respectively, by means of pin coupling. A truss structure body that is swingable along the axial direction of the exhaust pipe, and further provided with a reinforcing member that connects the column and the lower end center of the side wall of the boiler on a surface orthogonal to the axial line of the gas exhaust pipe You can also Also with this configuration, the thermal expansion of the boiler is not constrained, and the horizontal force acting during an earthquake can be transmitted to the foundation frame by the gas discharge pipe and the truss structure.

  According to the present invention, the frame for supporting the combustion furnace and the boiler can be omitted by mounting the combustion furnace and the boiler on the foundation frame. Moreover, earthquake resistance can also be ensured by supporting the foundation frame carrying the combustion furnace and the boiler on the foundation ground via a seismic isolation device. And, by placing the foundation frame on the foundation ground via the seismic isolation device, it is not necessary to build a strong foundation as in the past to ensure earthquake resistance, and the foundation construction cost can be reduced. .

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on examples shown in the drawings.

  1 is an elevation view from a gasification melting furnace to a boiler in the waste gasification and melting equipment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a view taken along the line BB in FIG. 4 shows an enlarged view of a portion I in FIG.

  In FIG. 1, the waste 9 stored in the waste pit 8 is put into the gasification melting furnace 1 from the top of the furnace by a garbage crane 10, the combustible component is gasified, and the combustible gas generated by the gasification is the gas introduction pipe 4. Is introduced into the combustion burner 11 provided in the upper part of the combustion furnace 2 and is completely burned in the combustion furnace 2. The high-temperature combustion exhaust gas after combustion is sent to the boiler 3 via a gas discharge pipe 12 installed at the lower part of the combustion furnace 2 and heat recovery is performed. The combustion exhaust gas after heat recovery is rendered harmless by the exhaust gas treatment device and discharged from the chimney.

  The lower end portion of the combustion furnace 2 is directly supported on the foundation frame 13 by a skirt support structure. The foundation mount 13 can be made of steel or reinforced concrete.

  On the other hand, the boiler 3 is connected to the gas discharge pipe 12 by a rigid connection, and a lower end portion thereof is supported by the part b via a boiler receiving frame 16 formed on the foundation frame 13. Part b includes a plurality of support points, all of which are slidable bearings, that is, sliding bearings. It is preferable to use a Teflon (registered trademark) resin or the like having a small friction coefficient for this sliding bearing. The sliding mechanism based on the sliding support frees the thermal expansion of the main body of the boiler 3 and the thermal expansion with the combustion furnace 2.

  A seismic isolation device is installed between the foundation frame 13 and the foundation ground. FIG. 5 shows an installation example of the seismic isolation device, (a) is a plan view thereof, and (b) is a front view thereof. Although various types of seismic isolation devices have been proposed, this example shows a case where the base isolation is performed by a combination of the sliding bearing 19 and the U-shaped damper 20. Although the number of sliding supports 19 is six in this example, it is set according to load conditions and equipment configuration. Examples of seismic isolation devices include laminated rubber types and combinations of laminated rubber and sliding bearings.

  Next, the horizontal force component caused by the earthquake is divided into the X and Y directions shown in FIG. 2, and the transmission behavior of the force caused by the earthquake will be described. In response to seismic motion of the foundation ground, the seismic isolation device composed of the slide bearing 19 and the U-shaped damper 20 attenuates the earthquake acceleration to about 1/2 to 1/3 and transmits it to the foundation gantry 13, and the combustion furnace 2 and the boiler 3, and a horizontal force due to inertia acts on the foundation frame 13.

  Since the lower end portion of the combustion furnace 2 is directly connected to the foundation frame 13, horizontal force is directly transmitted to the combustion furnace 2 in both the X and Y directions. On the other hand, since the lower end portion of the boiler 3 is supported by the sliding support of the portion b, the transmission of force to the foundation mount 13 is different. The horizontal force of the X direction component, that is, the horizontal force in the axial direction of the gas exhaust pipe 12 is transmitted to the combustion furnace 2 through the gas exhaust pipe 12. Further, the horizontal force of the Y direction component, that is, the horizontal force in the direction orthogonal to the axis of the gas discharge pipe 12 is transmitted by the horizontal force receiving mechanism installed at the position indicated by the portion I in FIG. This horizontal force receiving mechanism is installed at two locations on the anti-combustion furnace side and the combustion furnace side so that its center is located in a vertical plane including the axis of the gas discharge pipe 12. As a specific configuration, as shown in FIG. 4, a horizontal force receiving bracket 15 is provided from the boiler support stand 16 side so as to sandwich the boiler side bracket 14 provided on the boiler 3 side. However, the horizontal force receiving bracket 15 sandwiches the boiler side bracket 14 so as to be slidable in the X direction so as not to prevent the thermal expansion movement of the boiler 3 in the X direction. That is, the horizontal force receiving mechanism can transmit the horizontal force in the Y direction acting on the boiler 3 to the foundation frame 13 without hindering the thermal expansion of the boiler 3. As described above, the horizontal force in the X direction is transmitted to the combustion furnace 2 through the gas discharge pipe 12 and finally to the foundation frame 13. Thus, the horizontal force acting on the combustion furnace 2 and the boiler 3 is finally transmitted to the foundation gantry 13, and the foundation gantry 13 is supported on the foundation ground via the seismic isolation device. Seismic resistance is ensured. And the thermal expansion of the boiler 3 is not prevented by installing the above horizontal force receiving mechanisms.

  FIG. 6 shows another example of a support structure for the combustion furnace 2 and the boiler 3, wherein (a) is a front view thereof and (b) is a side view thereof. In this example, the own weight of the boiler 3 is supported by a plurality of columns 21.

  The struts 21 are disposed at least at the four corners of the lower end of the side wall of the boiler 3, and both ends thereof are respectively pin-coupled to the lower end of the side wall of the foundation frame 13 and the boiler 3, thereby extending along the axial direction of the gas discharge pipe 12. It can swing.

  In FIG. 6A, a two-dot chain line exaggerates the thermal expansion between the combustion furnace 2 and the boiler 3 and the thermal expansion of the boiler 3, but the boiler 3 is supported by the support column 21 as described above. Therefore, thermal expansion is not hindered. Further, the horizontal force along the axial direction of the gas exhaust pipe 12 (the horizontal force of the X direction component in FIG. 2) is transmitted to the combustion furnace 2 by the gas exhaust pipe 12.

  On the other hand, on the surface orthogonal to the axis of the gas exhaust pipe 12, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), the support column 21, the boiler 3, and the reinforcing member (breath) 22 constitute a truss structure. In this surface as well, the thermal expansion of the boiler 3 is not hindered as shown exaggerated by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 6B, but the horizontal force on this surface (the horizontal force of the Y direction component in FIG. 2). Is transmitted to the foundation frame 13 by the truss structure.

  Also in this support structure, the horizontal force acting on the combustion furnace 2 and the boiler 3 is all transmitted to the foundation gantry 13, and the foundation gantry 13 is supported on the foundation ground via the seismic isolation device, so that the earthquake resistance is improved. Secured. And the thermal expansion of the boiler 3 is not prevented by employ | adopting the support mechanism by the above support | pillars 21 as mentioned above.

  Here, by adopting the seismic isolation structure as described above, the horizontal seismic force acting on the equipment at the time of the earthquake is greatly reduced, but it is assumed that the relative displacement with the foundation ground becomes large. Therefore, when using a seismic isolation structure, consideration for this is necessary.

  Therefore, in the example of FIG. 1, the gasification melting furnace 1 is integrally formed with the highly rigid garbage bit 8, whereas the combustion furnace 2 is seismically isolated, and therefore the gas introduction pipe 4 connecting the two. Adopts a structure that absorbs mutual relative displacement during earthquakes. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram thereof. That is, by disposing two expansion tubes 5 in the pipeline at an interval, a displacement that cannot be absorbed by one expansion tube is absorbed by an angular displacement of the two expansion tubes. A similar concept is adopted for the expansion tube 18 at the boiler outlet tube 17.

The elevation view from the gasification melting furnace to the boiler in the waste gasification melting equipment of the present invention is shown. FIG. 2 shows an AA arrow view of FIG. The BB arrow line view of FIG. 1 is shown. The enlarged view of the I section of FIG. 3 is shown. The example of installation of a seismic isolation apparatus is shown, (a) is the top view, (b) is the front view. The other example of the support structure of a combustion furnace and a boiler is shown, (a) is the front view, (b) is the side view. An example of a structure that absorbs displacement caused by an earthquake with piping is shown. A general elevation view from a gasification melting furnace to a boiler in a conventional waste gasification melting equipment is shown.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gasification melting furnace 2 Combustion furnace 3 Boiler 4 Gas introduction pipe 5 Telescopic pipe 6 Frame 7 Telescopic pipe 8 Garbage bit 9 Garbage 10 Garbage crane 11 Combustion burner 12 Gas discharge pipe 13 Foundation stand 14 Boiler side bracket 15 Horizontal force receiving bracket 16 Boiler stand 17 Boiler outlet pipe 18 Telescopic pipe 19 Sliding bearing 20 U-type damper 21 Post 22 Reinforcing member (brace)
a, c Supporting part of combustion furnace b, d Supporting part of boiler I Horizontal force receiving mechanism

Claims (3)

  Gasification melting furnace that gasifies and melts waste, combustion furnace that combusts combustible gas generated by gasification, and boiler that cools combustion exhaust gas from the combustion furnace and recovers heat In the melting facility, the combustion furnace and boiler are mounted on a common foundation stand independently without being supported on the side by the frame, and the foundation stand is supported on the foundation ground via a seismic isolation device. Waste gasification and melting equipment. The combustion furnace has a lower end fixed to and supported by the foundation frame, a combustion burner for burning the combustible gas is disposed at the upper portion of the combustion furnace, and a gas exhaust pipe for discharging combustion exhaust gas is burned. Located at the bottom of the furnace,
The boiler is connected to the gas discharge pipe by a rigid connection, and a lower end portion thereof is supported on a boiler support frame disposed on the foundation frame via a slide support that allows horizontal movement. ,
Further, a horizontal force in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the gas discharge pipe acting on the boiler is transmitted between the lower end portion of the boiler and the boiler support base to the boiler support base and the horizontal movement of the gas discharge pipe in the axial direction is performed. The waste gasification and melting equipment according to claim 1, wherein a horizontal force receiving mechanism that does not restrain the gas is disposed. The combustion furnace has a lower end fixed to and supported by the foundation frame, a combustion burner for burning the combustible gas is disposed at the upper portion of the combustion furnace, and a gas exhaust pipe for discharging combustion exhaust gas is burned. Located at the bottom of the furnace,
The boiler is connected to the gas discharge pipe by a rigid connection, and the lower end of the side wall is supported on the foundation frame via a plurality of columns.
The plurality of struts can swing along the axial direction of the gas exhaust pipe by pin-bonding both ends thereof to the foundation frame and the lower end of the side wall of the boiler, respectively, and further, the axis of the gas exhaust pipe The waste gasification and melting equipment according to claim 1, wherein a reinforcing member that connects the column and the lower end central portion of the side wall of the boiler is provided on a surface orthogonal to the axis of the truss structure.

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