JP2008022596A - Control method of accumulator and control device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a control method of an accumulator which controls an accumulator so as to secure a discharging capacity by estimating a degree of stratification, and to provide a control device. <P>SOLUTION: The control device 100 comprises a pole plate voltage calculation part 130, an SOC calculation part 140 and an SOH calculation part 150, in order to calculate the present discharging capacity of the accumulator 1 at a COD calculation part 160. In addition to a determination part 170 determines whether the discharging capacity calculated at the COD calculation part 160 satisfies the required discharging capacity, determines whether the required discharging capacity can be satisfied by improving the degree of stratification; and when the required capacity is satisfied, outputs a requirement signal to a generator control part 4 so as to perform gashing. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a storage battery control method and control device.

  In a liquid lead acid battery, the specific gravity of the electrolyte at the upper part of the storage battery is lowered by repeated charge and discharge, while the phenomenon of stratification in which the electrolyte with a higher specific gravity accumulates at the lower part of the storage battery occurs. The stratification phenomenon is promoted as follows, for example. (1) The remaining capacity of the battery is reduced by leaving the liquid lead-acid battery for a long period of time or performing a large capacity discharge without charging. (2) Charging is then started. At this time, sulfuric acid is generated on the surface of the electrode plate by charging. (3) Due to the specific gravity difference between water and sulfuric acid, sulfuric acid is precipitated and a liquid layer is formed (stratification). (4) Terminate charging before reaching full charge capacity. (5) The charging / discharging of (1) to (4) is repeated.

  In the process of promoting stratification as described above, in particular, if charging is terminated before the remaining capacity of the storage battery reaches the full charge capacity in (4), stratification is further promoted. In a state in which stratification is formed, a predetermined reaction occurs only at the upper part of the electrode plate where sulfuric acid is not precipitated, and the reaction does not occur at the lower part of the electrode plate where sulfuric acid is precipitated. In the lower part of the electrode plate where the sulfuric acid is precipitated, the electrode plate is inactivated and the sulfuric acid layer is fixed and convection does not occur.

  If you continue to use the storage battery in a state where stratification has progressed as described above, the reaction will be repeated only at the top of the storage battery where sulfuric acid has not precipitated, and the battery life will be shorter than what was designed. There is a problem such as.

  Therefore, technological development for reducing the stratification of the storage battery is underway, and several techniques are disclosed. For example, Patent Document 1 includes a stirrer that stirs an electrolyte solution using gas generated from electrodes during overcharging. In addition, a zigzag separator is interposed between the electrodes to increase stirring efficiency. It is arranged. Moreover, in patent document 2, in order to improve the stratification which generate | occur | produces in the manufacturing process of a storage battery in a short time, the electrolytic solution is stirred by inverting a storage battery main body up and down, and the method of improving stratification efficiently is disclosed. ing.

Furthermore, in Patent Document 3, as a battery charger for improving the stratification of the lead storage battery, the overcharge timing and the overcharge current are determined based on the charge acceptance capability or the charge state of the storage battery being charged. An apparatus for controlling a generator to supply such an overcharge current has been proposed.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-21179 JP-A-6-111814 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-243039

  However, the conventional storage battery control method and control device for reducing stratification have the following problems. The storage battery described in Patent Document 1 has a complicated structure such as a stirrer or a zigzag separator, so it is difficult to use it as an in-vehicle storage battery in terms of size standards and costs. is there.

  Further, in the method described in Patent Document 2, the storage battery body is turned upside down in order to improve the stratification that occurs in the manufacturing process of the storage battery in a short time, but such a method is limited at the time of manufacturing the storage battery. It can be realized only under conditions, and cannot be adopted for a storage battery installed in a vehicle or the like.

  Furthermore, in the apparatus described in Patent Document 3, in determining the charge acceptance capacity and the state of charge of the storage battery, a decrease in battery capacity due to battery aging or the like is not reflected. In storage batteries that have deteriorated over time, the chargeable / dischargeable capacity is lower than the initial capacity of the storage battery. There has been a problem of promoting the deterioration of the battery.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve these problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a storage battery control method and a control device that control the degree of stratification to ensure discharge capacity.

  A first aspect of the storage battery control method of the present invention is a storage battery control method configured to be rechargeable by a generator, which measures a state quantity of the storage battery, and charges and discharges the storage battery from the state quantity. And determining the stratification degree of the storage battery based on predetermined correlation data from the charge / discharge history, and when the stratification degree reaches a predetermined reference value, the storage battery is in a deteriorated state due to stratification. It is determined that it is.

  According to another aspect of the storage battery control method of the present invention, the current of the storage battery is measured as the state quantity, and the charge / discharge pattern of the current is classified into one or more discharge depth patterns according to the magnitude and time of the current. The charge / discharge repetition cycle number is calculated for each discharge depth pattern, and the sum of the charge / discharge repetition cycle numbers for each discharge depth pattern is calculated as the charge / discharge history.

  Another aspect of the method for controlling a storage battery according to the present invention is characterized in that the voltage of the storage battery is measured as the state quantity, and a voltage fluctuation repetition cycle number of a predetermined width or more is calculated from the voltage as the charge / discharge history. To do.

  Another aspect of the storage battery control method of the present invention is characterized in that when the deterioration state due to the stratification is determined, the amount of power generated by the generator is further adjusted to generate gassing.

  According to another aspect of the storage battery control method of the present invention, the discharge capacity of the storage battery is estimated from the state quantity based on a predetermined equivalent circuit model, the discharge capacity is less than a predetermined required value, and the stratification is performed. When the deterioration state is determined, gas generation is generated by adjusting the power generation amount of the generator.

  In another aspect of the storage battery control method of the present invention, the discharge capacity is less than a predetermined required value, and the deterioration state due to the stratification is determined, and the discharge state is eliminated by eliminating the deterioration state due to the stratification. Is determined to be able to secure more than the required value, the power generation amount of the generator is adjusted to generate gassing.

  A first aspect of the storage battery control device of the present invention is a storage battery control device configured to be rechargeable by a generator, the sensor measuring a state quantity of the storage battery, and the state measured by the sensor The charge / discharge history of the storage battery is obtained from the quantity and stored, and the stratification degree of the storage battery is estimated based on predetermined correlation data from the charge / discharge history, and when the stratification degree reaches a predetermined reference value, And a control unit that determines that the storage battery is in a deteriorated state due to stratification.

  Another aspect of the storage battery control device according to the present invention is a current sensor in which the sensor measures a current of the storage battery, wherein the control unit inputs a current measurement value from the current sensor and inputs the current measurement. The charge amount and the discharge amount are calculated by integrating the values, and the charge / discharge history is calculated from the charge amount and the discharge amount as the charge / discharge history.

  According to another aspect of the storage battery control device of the present invention, the sensor is a voltage sensor that measures the voltage of the storage battery, and the control unit inputs a voltage measurement value from the voltage sensor, and the charge / discharge history is The number of voltage fluctuation repeated cycles having a predetermined width or more is calculated from the input voltage measurement value.

  Another aspect of the storage battery control device of the present invention is configured to output a power generation request signal for causing the control unit of the generator to generate gassing when the control unit determines a deterioration state due to the stratification. It is characterized by.

  In another aspect of the storage battery control device of the present invention, the control unit estimates the discharge capacity of the storage battery based on a predetermined equivalent circuit model from the state quantity, and the discharge capacity becomes less than a predetermined required value. And when the deterioration state by the said stratification is determined, it is comprised so that the said electric power generation request signal may be output to the control part of the said generator.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the control method and control apparatus of a storage battery which control to estimate a stratification degree and to ensure discharge capability can be provided.

  A storage battery control method and control apparatus according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In addition, about each structural part which has the same function, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and shown for simplification of illustration and description. The storage battery control method and the control device of the present invention are applied to a system including a storage battery and a generator for charging the storage battery. Hereinafter, the storage battery and the generator are used in a vehicle power supply system. A battery and an alternator will be described as an example.

  In the storage battery control method and control device of the present invention, the current discharge capability (capability of discharge) COD_now of the storage battery is monitored, and when it is determined that the storage battery is insufficient below the required discharge capability COD_need, the storage battery It is determined whether or not the discharge capacity of the storage battery can be recovered by improving the degree of stratification. When it is determined that the discharge capacity can be recovered, the control device for the generator is requested to control the storage battery to cause gassing in order to improve the stratification.

  FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of a storage battery control device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the control apparatus 100 of this embodiment, the state quantity of the storage battery 1 is measured by the sensor 110, and the current discharge capacity COD_now of the storage battery 1 is calculated by the COD calculation unit 160 based on the measurement data. Further, the determination unit 170 inputs the discharge capacity COD_now calculated by the COD calculation unit 160 and the stratification degree of the storage battery 1 calculated by the SOH calculation unit 150, and performs the gassing of the storage battery 1 when a predetermined condition is satisfied. Control to be generated is requested to the generator control device 4 via the main ECU 3 for vehicle operation.

  The sensor 110 includes a voltage sensor and a current sensor that measure the voltage and current of the storage battery 1, and a temperature sensor that measures the surface temperature of the storage battery 1. The sensor 110 measures the measurement voltage, the measurement current, and the measurement temperature measured by each sensor. Is transmitted to the input unit 120 together with the elapsed measurement time. In addition, in order for the COD calculation unit 160 to calculate the current discharge capacity COD_now of the storage battery 1, the control device 100 of this embodiment includes an electrode plate voltage calculation unit 130, an SOC calculation unit 140, and an SOH calculation unit 150. . Below, the processing content of each calculation part 130-150 is demonstrated.

  Based on the voltage measured by the sensor 110, the electrode plate voltage calculation unit 130 calculates the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode incorporated in the storage battery 1 (hereinafter referred to as electrode plate voltage). The electrode plate voltage V_bat can be calculated by the following equation.

V_bat = V_mes * A_temp * B_pol (Formula 1)
here,
V_mes: Measurement voltage
A_temp: Temperature coefficient of electrode plate voltage
B_pol: Polarization coefficient.

  The temperature coefficient A_temp is a correction coefficient for compensating for the temperature dependence of the electrode plate voltage V_bat. This temperature dependency refers to a characteristic of the electrode plate voltage in which the electrode plate voltage V_bat varies with the temperature T_bat in the electrode plate. The polarization coefficient B_pol corrects the influence of polarization generated by charging / discharging of the battery. A method for calculating the temperature coefficient A_temp and the polarization coefficient B_pol will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In calculating the temperature coefficient A_temp, it is first necessary to obtain the electrode plate temperature T_bat from the measured temperature T_mes. The measured temperature T_mes and the electrode plate temperature T_bat require time until the time response is relatively long and stable. Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2A, the measured temperature T_mes is logged and the time dependency of the measured temperature T_mes is obtained. Next, from the reference data showing the time-dependent correlation curve between the measured temperature T_mes and the electrode plate temperature T_bat shown in FIG. 2B, the time dependency of the electrode plate temperature T_bat corresponding to the time dependency of the measured temperature T_mes is obtained. Obtain electrode plate temperature T_bat from this.

  When the electrode plate temperature T_bat is obtained, the electrode plate voltage corresponding to the electrode plate temperature T_bat calculated above is obtained from the reference data indicating the correlation between the electrode plate temperature T_bat and the electrode plate voltage V_bat shown in FIG. The temperature coefficient A_temp of is calculated. 2B and 2C used for calculating the temperature coefficient A_temp varies depending on the structure and size of the storage battery 1, the measurement point of the sensor 110, and the like. The reference data can be created and used by acquiring measurement data or by simulation.

  Next, a method for calculating the polarization coefficient B_pol will be described below with reference to FIG. When a storage battery is charged and discharged, polarization occurs inside the storage battery, and the electrode plate voltage changes transiently from the stable value V_bat due to the influence. Therefore, the electrode plate voltage calculation unit 130 corrects the influence of polarization with B_pol. Since the degree of polarization varies depending on the activity of the reactants in the battery, the storage battery capacity, the charge / discharge history, etc., the relationship between the occurrence of polarization and the stable terminal voltage is obtained in advance by measurement data or simulation. This is given to the electrode plate voltage calculator 130 as reference data.

  FIG. 3B shows an example of the relationship from the occurrence of polarization to the stable terminal voltage. As the terminal voltage, that is, the measurement voltage V_mes, at least two measurement values are obtained as shown in FIG. 3A, and these are compared with the reference data in FIG. 3B to estimate the current degree of polarization. From this, the polarization coefficient B_pol is determined.

  When the temperature coefficient A_temp and the polarization coefficient B_pol are calculated as described above, the electrode plate voltage V_bat can be calculated by substituting this and the measurement voltage V_mes into (Equation 1). The calculated electrode plate voltage V_bat is output to the COD calculating unit 160 and used for calculating the COD.

Next, the SOC calculation unit 140 that calculates the SOC (remaining battery capacity) of the storage battery 1 will be described below. When the SOC time-series calculated value is expressed as SOC_now-i,
SOC_now-n ≦ SOC_now- (n-1) ≦ ・ ・ ・ ≦ SOC_now-0 = SOC_start (Formula 2)
The SOC decreases with the passage of time. The initial value of the SOC is SOC_now-0 = SOC_start, and the SOC_now-i can be converted to A · h or% by setting the designed battery capacity to 100%.

  Further, the change in SOC can be expressed as the following equation.

SOC_now-n = SOC_now- (n-1) + ΔSOC + ΔSOH (Formula 3)
Here, ΔSOC is the SOC increment from the previous SOC calculation time (a negative value when decreasing), and ΔSOH is the SOH increment from the previous SOC calculation time (negative when increasing SOH). The number of times of calculation of the SOC does not necessarily match the number of times of calculation of ΔSOC or ΔSOH. For the nth SOC calculation value SOC_now-n, the number of calculations of ΔSOC and ΔSOH so far is l, It may be m times (l, m, n are integers of 0 or more).

The SOC increment ΔSOC is obtained when the charge current integrated value is ΔSOC1 and the discharge current integrated value is ΔSOC2.
ΔSOC = ΔSOC1 + ΔSOC2 (Formula 4)
It can be expressed as. here,
ΔSOC1 ＝ η_I * ∫I * dt (Formula 5)
η_I = SOC_now- (n-1) * I * T_bat (Formula 6)
ΔSOC2 = ∫I_load * dt_load + ∫I_dark * dt_dark (Formula 7)
It can be expressed as. The flow of ΔSOC calculation is shown in FIG.

  The charging current integrated value ΔSOC1 is calculated by multiplying the integrated value of the charging current I by the charging efficiency η_I as shown in (Equation 5). The charging efficiency η_I can be expressed by a correlation equation such as Equation 6 because it shows the changes shown in FIG. 4 with respect to the remaining capacity SOC_now- (n−1), the charging current I, and the electrode plate temperature T_bat. The charging efficiency η_I is evaluated in advance for each type of storage battery or for each storage battery, and is given to the SOC calculation unit 140 as reference data.

  The discharge current integrated value ΔSOC2 represented by (Equation 7) is calculated as the sum of the discharge amount while the vehicle is traveling and the discharge amount when the engine of the vehicle is stopped. I_load indicates a current value when forced discharge is performed by a load during vehicle operation, and I_dark indicates a current value consumed from the storage battery as a dark current by the vehicle system while the engine is stopped. Since I_load and I_dark have different time responses and current range characteristics, when the sampling timing and measurement range cannot be shared, ΔSOC2 is preferably calculated using different current integrated values.

  Next, the SOH calculation unit 150 that calculates the SOH (State of health) of the storage battery 1 will be described below. Here, ΔSOH, which is the sum of changes in various deterioration parameters SOHi of the storage battery 1, is calculated. The deterioration parameters include the following.

(1) SOH1: Decrease in discharge capacity due to stratification of electrolyte (2) SOH2: Decrease in discharge capacity due to decrease in electrolyte (3) SOH3: Decrease in discharge capacity corresponding to the number of depth discharges (4) SOH4: (5) SOH5: Decrease in discharge capacity due to increase in internal resistance due to long-term use (6) SOH6: Decrease in discharge capacity due to other failures, etc. When the change amount of each deterioration parameter is ΔSOHi, the total deterioration change amount ΔSOH is
ΔSOH = ΣΔSOHi (Formula 8)
It is expressed as The amount of deterioration (degradation progress) is evaluated by converting the degree of influence on the initial discharge capacity of the storage battery 1 into%. Below, each deterioration parameter is demonstrated.

  First, SOH1 indicating a decrease in discharge capacity due to stratification of the electrolytic solution can be obtained by estimating the progress of stratification in the following four processes.

(1) Change with time of discharge current integrated value ΔSOC2 (2) Change with time of charge current integrated value ΔSOC1 (3) Gassing process that occurs when charge efficiency η_I is 10% or more Guss_base
(4) Gassing process that occurs when the charging efficiency η_I is less than 10% Guss_out
Or, from the time when SOC_now ≧ SOC_now-1 is set as the starting point, the accumulated current value ガ I_guss * dt = Guss_out
FIG. 5 shows an example of changes in discharge capacity, stratification degree, and gassing amount (gas generation amount) in the processes (1) to (4). As shown in the figure, the degree of stratification increases greatly during charging after discharging, and decreases with the occurrence of gassing. Further, the amount of gassing (gas generation amount) becomes large when the charging efficiency η_I is charged at 10% or less, and becomes maximum when the battery is overcharged.

  The change in discharge capacity in each of the above processes can be converted into an integrated current value, and the degree of stratification of the electrolyte can be obtained from the processes (1) and (2). That is, the degree of stratification has a correlation as shown in FIG. 6A with the number of charge / discharge repetition cycles (number of cycles between ΔSOC2 and ΔSOC1), and this is given as reference data to the SOH calculation unit 150 for stratification. It can be used for calculating the degree.

  As shown in FIG. 7, for example, there are various charge / discharge patterns depending on the magnitude of current and charge / discharge time. Therefore, as the number of charge / discharge cycle cycles, first, charge / discharge patterns are classified into one or more discharge depth patterns (DOD) according to the magnitude of current and charge / discharge time, and the charge / discharge cycle is repeated for each discharge depth pattern. It is good to use what calculated the number and calculated the sum total.

  Next, the amount of gassing generated for each of the above processes (3) and (4) is acquired in advance as reference data so that the degree of improvement in the degree of stratification by gassing can be calculated. Thus, the stratification degree can be calculated from the increase in the stratification degree by the processes (1) and (2) and the improvement degree of the stratification degree by the processes (3) and (4). The degree of stratification and the discharge capacity have a correlation as shown in FIG. 6B, and by having this as reference data, the reduction amount ΔSOH1 of the discharge capacity due to stratification can be calculated.

  Next, SOH2 indicating a decrease in discharge capacity due to a decrease in the electrolyte will be described. The amount of decrease ΔSOH2 in the discharge capacity due to the decrease in the electrolyte is calculated from the sum of the gas generation amount in process (3) Guss_base, the gas generation amount in process (4) Guss_out, and the vaporization amount Guss_surface naturally generated from the liquid surface. Can be calculated.

  Next, SOH3 which shows the fall of the discharge capacity corresponding to the frequency | count of depth discharge is demonstrated. The amount of decrease ΔSOH3 in the discharge capacity corresponding to the number of times of deep discharge is the number of times the remaining capacity SOC_now has been discharged to 10% or less of the current discharge capacity (discharge capacity excluding lost capacity due to deterioration from the initial discharge capacity), that is, SOC_now ≦ 0.1 * SOC_start * ΔSOH can be calculated from the number of times of discharge (depth discharge number), and this is stored as a log. The degree of deterioration that the number of times of depth discharge gives to the electrode plate is given in advance to the SOH calculation unit 150 as reference data, and ΔSOH3 is calculated by collating the log of the number of times of depth discharge with reference data.

  Next, SOH4 which shows the fall of the discharge capacity corresponding to the leaving period of only the natural discharge which does not perform charging / discharging is demonstrated. The amount of decrease ΔSOH4 in discharge capacity corresponding to the period of time during which only natural discharge without charge / discharge is performed gives the time from when the storage battery is manufactured until it is mounted on the vehicle, or the change over time during transportation in the open terminal state, from the outside. Thus, the degree of deterioration can be calculated. When a sensor is attached to the storage battery, it can also be calculated from the above ΔSOC2 and ΔSOC3.

  Next, SOH5 which shows the fall of the discharge capacity by the increase in internal resistance accompanying long-term use is demonstrated. The amount of decrease ΔSOH5 in the discharge capacity due to the increase in internal resistance due to long-term use is given in advance to the SOH calculator 150 as reference data with the relationship between the internal resistance value or impedance value and the degree of decrease in discharge capacity, The internal resistance value or the impedance value measured at a specific time and / or at a specific time can be calculated by collating with the above reference data.

  Finally, (6) SOH6, which indicates a decrease in discharge capacity due to other failures, will be described. The amount of decrease in discharge capacity ΔSOH6 due to other failures or the like is based on the measured values of current, voltage, and temperature. Discontinuous points are observed in each measured value, or a large deviation from the predicted value estimated by the model occurs. This is monitored, and when these occur, the deterioration level is estimated as a failure mode, or input from the outside.

  ΔSOH of the storage battery 1 can be calculated by summing ΔSOH1 to ΔSOH6 described above using (Equation 8). In addition, although various reference data was given to the SOH calculation part 150 above, each reference data can be given for every kind of storage battery, or for each individual storage battery. Further, the reference data may be provided in a tabular form or may be calculated by a predetermined function.

  The COD calculating unit 160 inputs the electrode plate voltage V_bat calculated by the electrode plate voltage calculating unit 130, the ΔSOC calculated by the SOC calculating unit 140, and the ΔSOH calculated by the SOH calculating unit 150, and inputs them. The current discharge capacity COD_now is calculated by inputting to the nonlinear equivalent circuit model.

  The determination unit 170 determines whether or not the current discharge capability COD_now calculated by the COD calculation unit 160 satisfies the required discharge capability COD_need. In addition to this, based on the discharge capacity decrease degree ΔSOH1 due to stratification calculated by the SOH calculation unit 150, it is determined whether the required discharge capacity COD_need can be satisfied by improving the stratification degree. In this case, a request signal is output to the generator control unit 4 so as to perform gassing.

  A determination processing method in the determination unit 170 will be described below with reference to FIG. In step S1, COD_now calculated by the COD calculation unit 160 is first compared with COD_need which is the required discharge capacity multiplied by the safety factor C_deth. If COD_now is smaller than COD_need * C_deth, the discharge capacity is insufficient. The process proceeds to step S2. On the other hand, when COD_now is equal to or greater than COD_need * C_deth, normal vehicle operation control is continued and monitoring of the storage battery 1 is continued.

  In step S <b> 2, it is determined from the amount of decrease ΔSOH <b> 1 in discharge capacity due to stratification calculated by the SOH calculator 150 whether there is room for improvement in stratification. If it is determined that ΔSOH1 is large and there is room for improvement, the process proceeds to the next step S3. On the other hand, if it is determined that there is little room for improvement in stratification, a signal indicating that there is a possibility that the discharge capacity is reduced and COD_need cannot be satisfied is transmitted to the vehicle operation main ECU (electric control board) 3. When the vehicle operation main ECU 3 receives this signal, it is possible to notify the user of information such as a request for replacing the storage battery 1 or a request for stopping operation.

  In step S3, it is determined from ΔSOH2 calculated by the SOH calculation unit 150 whether or not an electrolyte solution capable of gassing for improving stratification is secured. As a result, when it is determined that the electrolytic solution is secured, the process proceeds to the next step S4. On the other hand, when it is determined that the electrolyte is insufficient, a signal indicating that replacement of the replacement fluid or the storage battery is necessary is transmitted to the main ECU 3 for vehicle operation. When the vehicle operation main ECU 3 receives this signal, it is possible to notify the user of information requesting replenishment of the electrolyte or replacement of the storage battery 1.

  In step S4, COD_now is estimated by predicting the degradation capacity ΔSOH when stratification is eliminated (ΔSOH1 = 0), and it is determined whether the estimated COD_now is larger than the required discharge capacity COD_need. If it is determined that COD_now is equal to or greater than the required discharge capacity COD_need, the process proceeds to the determination in the next step S5. On the other hand, if it is determined that COD_now does not reach the required discharge capacity COD_need, A signal indicating that the capacity COD_need cannot be satisfied is transmitted to the main ECU 3 for vehicle operation. When the vehicle operation main ECU 3 receives this signal, it is possible to notify the user of information such as replacement of the storage battery 1 or operation stop request.

  In step S5, the vehicle operation main ECU 3 is inquired whether the storage battery 1 can be overcharged under the current vehicle operation conditions. As a result, if the storage battery 1 can be overcharged, the process of the next step S6 is performed. On the other hand, if the storage battery 1 cannot be overcharged, the transmission log is left until overcharge is possible. Continue to monitor the status of the normal storage battery.

  In step S6, the charging time (Guss_out amount) required to eliminate stratification is calculated, and this is transmitted to the main ECU 3 for vehicle operation to request charging.

  In step S7, the degree of stratification cancellation is determined from the degree of improvement of ΔSOH1, and if it is determined that ΔSOH1 has been sufficiently improved, a signal requesting return to normal operation control is transmitted to the main ECU 3 for vehicle operation. As a result, the overcharge state has been continued more than necessary in the past, but according to this embodiment, when the stratification is sufficiently improved and the need for overcharge disappears, this is stopped and the normal operation state is reached. Can be returned.

As described above, according to the storage battery control method and the control device of the present invention, by grasping the state of the storage battery, the gashing is performed at a necessary timing, and the overcharge and the gashing are terminated when it is not necessary. can do. This not only shortens the life of the storage battery and ensures reliability from the power supply side regarding the safety of vehicle operation, but also reduces fuel consumption such as gasoline required to drive the generator, improving fuel economy This contributes to reducing the environmental burden.
In addition, the description in this Embodiment shows an example of the control method and control apparatus of the storage battery which concern on this invention, and is not limited to this. The detailed configuration and detailed operation of the storage battery control method and the control device in the present embodiment can be changed as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

It is a block diagram of the control apparatus of the storage battery which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a graph explaining the reference data which concern on the temperature coefficient of an electrode plate voltage. It is a graph explaining the reference data which concern on the polarization coefficient of an electrode plate voltage. It is a figure explaining the calculation method of (DELTA) SOC. It is a graph which shows the change of the discharge capacity in the stratification process of electrolyte solution, the stratification degree, and the amount of gassing. It is a graph explaining the reference data which concern on the stratification degree of a storage battery. It is a graph which shows one Example of the charging / discharging pattern of a storage battery. It is a flowchart explaining the determination processing method in a determination part.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Storage battery 2 Generator 3 Main ECU for vehicle operation
4 generator control unit 100 storage battery control device 110 sensor 120 input unit 130 electrode plate voltage calculation unit 140 SOC calculation unit 150 SOH calculation unit 160 COD calculation unit 170 determination unit

Claims (11)

A method for controlling a storage battery configured to be rechargeable by a generator,
Measuring the state quantity of the storage battery,
Obtaining and storing a charge / discharge history of the storage battery from the state quantity,
Estimating the stratification degree of the storage battery based on predetermined correlation data from the charge / discharge history,
When the degree of stratification reaches a predetermined reference value, it is determined that the storage battery is in a deteriorated state due to stratification. Measure the current of the storage battery as the state quantity,
Classifying the charge / discharge pattern of the current into one or more discharge depth patterns according to the magnitude and time of the current, calculating the number of charge / discharge cycle cycles for each discharge depth pattern,
The storage battery control method according to claim 1, wherein the charge / discharge history is calculated by summing up the number of repeated charge / discharge cycles for each of the discharge depth patterns. Measure the voltage of the storage battery as the state quantity,
The method for controlling a storage battery according to claim 1, wherein a voltage fluctuation repetition cycle number of a predetermined width or more is calculated from the voltage as the charge / discharge history. The method for controlling a storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein when the deterioration state due to the stratification is determined, the amount of power generated by the generator is further adjusted to generate gassing. Estimating the discharge capacity of the storage battery based on a predetermined equivalent circuit model from the state quantity,
4. The gassing is generated by adjusting the power generation amount of the generator when the discharge capacity is less than a predetermined required value and the deterioration state due to the stratification is determined. 5. The storage battery control method according to claim 1. When the discharge capacity is less than a predetermined required value and the deterioration state due to stratification is determined, and it is determined that the discharge capacity can be secured above the required value by eliminating the deterioration state due to stratification, the power generation The method for controlling a storage battery according to claim 5, wherein gassing is generated by adjusting a power generation amount of the machine. A storage battery control device configured to be rechargeable by a generator,
A sensor for measuring a state quantity of the storage battery;
A charge / discharge history of the storage battery is obtained from the state quantity measured by the sensor and stored, and a stratification degree of the storage battery is estimated based on predetermined correlation data from the charge / discharge history, and the stratification degree is predetermined. A control unit that determines that the storage battery is in a deteriorated state due to stratification when the reference value is reached. The sensor is a current sensor that measures the current of the storage battery,
The control unit inputs a current measurement value from the current sensor, calculates a charge amount and a discharge amount by integrating the input current measurement value, and charges / discharges from the charge amount and the discharge amount as the charge / discharge history. The storage battery control device according to claim 7, wherein the storage battery control device is configured to calculate a repetitive cycle number. The sensor is a voltage sensor that measures the voltage of the storage battery,
The control unit is configured to input a voltage measurement value from the voltage sensor, and calculate, as the charge / discharge history, a voltage fluctuation repetition cycle number of a predetermined width or more from the input voltage measurement value. The storage battery control device according to claim 7. The control unit is configured to output a power generation request signal for causing gassing to occur in the control unit of the generator when the deterioration state due to the stratification is determined. The storage battery control device according to any one of 9. The control unit estimates the discharge capacity of the storage battery from the state quantity based on a predetermined equivalent circuit model, and determines the deterioration state due to the stratification when the discharge capacity is less than a predetermined required value. The storage battery control device according to claim 10, wherein the power generation request signal is output to a control unit of a machine.

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