JP2008017647A - Commutator motor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve an efficient commutator motor by extending a windable slot area so that a copper loss can be reduced in an armature of a compact commutator motor such as a motor for a cleaner, and by providing a wedge shape for reducing a mechanical loss in rotation. <P>SOLUTION: At the opening 13 side of a plurality of slots in an armature core 11, a thin insulating material is bent in a nearly cone shape for formation as a wedge 22 for ensuring insulation between the core 11 and the coil 30. Both bent ends are set to be nearly cone-shaped bottom and crest sections. The bottom and crest sections are arranged at the side of the coil 30 side and that of the opening 13 of slots, respectively, for attachment. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an armature of a commutator motor provided in, for example, a vacuum cleaner.

  In recent years, as a part of environmental measures, increasing the efficiency of electric motors for energy saving is an indispensable issue, and in commutator motors, reduction of losses in armatures and the like, which are the main parts, has been pursued as a regular issue.

  One of the loss reduction methods is copper loss reduction, and the reduction of copper loss due to thickening of the armature winding has been pursued. A major issue in the pursuit of thickening is the improvement of the winding space factor in the armature slot. In particular, as a component of the armature, the presence of a wedge for the purpose of holding the coil in the slot during rotation and securing an insulation distance between the coil and the core hinders improvement of the space factor in the slot as shown in FIG. It is the biggest factor. As a solution to this problem, a method is disclosed in which a slot area that can be wound is increased by bending a wedge into a U-shape and using a slot open portion space as an installation location (see, for example, Patent Document 1). . Further, a method is also disclosed in which a wedge installation place is provided in the slot open portion core to ensure a slot area where winding is possible (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

As one of the loss reduction methods, mechanical loss reduction in motor rotation has also been pursued. By filling the slot open recess formed in the core outer diameter of the armature, which is a rotating product, with a resin molded product, An example of improving the loss is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 2).
JP-A-11-187601 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-89150 JP 2002-330564 A

  However, when the wedge is mounted in a U-shape as shown in Patent Document 1, the engagement with the core of the side surface of the wedge that maintains the insertion position becomes unstable, and depending on the state of the coil existing below Since the engagement of the side surface of the wedge is released and the insertion position is shifted, it may be difficult to secure an insulation distance between the core and the coil, which is a necessary function. When the wedge thickness is increased in order to obtain stability, it becomes difficult to bend, and it is also difficult to expand the slot area that can be wound, which is the original purpose.

  In addition, securing the wedge installation location as shown in Patent Document 3 improves the stability of maintaining the wedge insertion position, but the position of the slot insulator near the slot open portion is affected by the winding condition. Usually, it is unstable, and the function of ensuring the insulation distance with respect to the core, which can be formed by the engagement between the wedge side surface portion and the slot insulator end portion, becomes very difficult. If the end portion of the slot insulator is extended to ensure the function, it becomes an obstacle that shields the slot opening during winding, and stability in winding quality is lost.

  On the other hand, the presence of a resin molding that improves rotational loss as shown in Patent Document 2 is great for efforts to improve the winding space factor by expanding the slot area that can be wound as described above. It becomes an obstacle.

The present invention provides a wedge shape that expands a slot area that can be wound so that copper loss can be reduced in an armature of a small commutator motor such as a motor for a vacuum cleaner, and that reduces mechanical loss during rotation. The purpose is to realize a highly efficient commutator motor.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, according to the invention according to claim 1 of the present application, an armature laminated core, a plurality of teeth arranged on an outer periphery of the armature laminated core, and the teeth are formed. In an armature of a commutator motor comprising a plurality of slots, insulating members disposed on both axial surfaces of the armature laminated core and the slots, and a coil wound directly around the teeth via the insulating members In the slot open portions of the plurality of slots, as a wedge for ensuring insulation between the core and the coil, a thin insulating material is bent and formed into a substantially chevron shape, and both ends of the bends are formed into a substantially chevron bottom portion on the coil side of the slot. This is an armature for a commutator motor, characterized in that it has an approximately chevron peak located on the side of the slot open part and is mounted. It has a thin shape and occupies a very small area in the slot. It is possible to provide wearability adapted to coil situation while.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the crest of the substantially chevron wedge has a convex shape that adapts to the shape of the slot open portion and matches the outer peripheral surface of the armature core. The armature of the commutator motor described in 1 can provide a function of filling a slot open recess while being thin.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the material of the substantially chevron wedge is a PET film having a wall thickness of 0.15 to 0.25. It is an armature of an electric motor, and can be provided with appropriate rigidity and flexibility as an elastic body by selecting a thickness depending on the size of the core shape.

  The invention according to claim 4 is a commutator motor equipped with the armature according to claim 1, 2 or 3, and provides an armature with reduced copper loss and mechanical loss. can do.

  The invention of the present application realizes reduction of copper loss by thick wire winding to an expanded slot area where winding is possible, and reduction of mechanical loss during rotation is realized with a wedge shape that fills the slot open recess of the outer diameter of the armature core. As a result, a highly efficient commutator motor can be realized.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of the armature showing a conventional standard wedge 22 insertion state. The movement of the wedge 22 is fixed between the teeth 12 by being reversely zipped and having a wedge thickness. However, the slot area that can be wound is largely occupied.

  FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view of the armature showing a state in which the wedge 22 is inserted with a conventional U-shaped bend. FIG. 9 shows a situation in which the side surface of the wedge 22 is out of the specified position and falls into the slot, which is a defective form generated in the wedge of this style. The only way to deal with this is to increase the engagement with the teeth 12 by increasing the thickness of the wedge. As a result, it becomes difficult to fold the square shape and the slot area that can be wound is eroded.

  FIG. 10 shows a conventional example of a resin-molded slot open embedded type. As in the above-described conventional example, the slot area that can be wound is largely occupied, and even if the effect of reducing the mechanical loss is obtained, it becomes an obstructive factor for reducing the copper loss.

  FIG. 11 shows a conventional example in which a wedge mounting portion is provided in the slot open portion 13. As a form of defective insulation distance that occurs in this type of structure, there is a possibility that the insulation distance between the armature core 11 and the coil 30 becomes defective due to the separation of the wedge side surface 221 and the slot insulator end 211. The insulating structure is realized by the wedge side surface 221 and the slot insulator end 211 being in close contact with each other to ensure a closed region by the wedge 22 and the slot insulator 21. This function of maintaining the closed area is necessary for the wedge.

  FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of an armature of a commutator motor showing an embodiment of the present invention. A coil 30 is wound in the slot via a slot insulating paper 21 mounted in a slot formed between the teeth 12. The wedge 22 is formed by bending a thin insulating material into a substantially chevron shape and disposing both ends of the bent part 221 on the coil 30 side in the slot with both ends of the substantially chevron part and the substantially chevron peak part 222 on the slot open part 13 side. The crest portion 222 of the substantially chevron wedge 22 has a convex shape that conforms to the shape of the slot open portion 13 and matches the outer peripheral surface of the armature core 11. The bent portion 221 forming the bottom of the substantially mountain shape is in a state of pressing the coil with elasticity around the bending point, and the wedge 22 spreads toward the tooth 12 side and is pressed against the tooth 12 by the reaction force of this pressing force. become. In addition, the wedge 22 is also pressed against the slot insulator end 211, and the slot insulator 21 and the wedge 22 necessary for the insulating structure are maintained in a closed region.

  FIG. 2 shows a configuration of the wedge 22 and the coil 30 when a specification having a high winding space factor is wound as an embodiment of the present invention. The inside of the substantially wedge-shaped wedge is hollow, and the bent portion 221 forming the bottom is in a state where the coil 30 is pushed with elasticity at the bending point, and the tip can be freely adapted to the coil volume state. It has become.

  3 to 5 show examples of the transition of the wedge shape for forming and inserting the wedge. As shown in FIG. 3, the plate-like material is subjected to bending crease processing such as lines, and sequentially bent to the shape before insertion. Before insertion, the bent portion is sufficiently bent and inserted into the slot open portion 13 as shown in FIG. 4 so that the elastic characteristics of the thin plate can be utilized to cope with the large specification of the coil volume. Is inserted in a state where the convex portion of the peak portion 222 is narrowed so that it can be easily inserted. When the convex portion of the narrow peak portion 222 spreads in the slot open portion 13 after insertion as shown in FIG. 5, it becomes a convex shape that substantially matches the outer peripheral surface of the armature core 11, and the maintenance of the curvature is maintained by the teeth. This also serves to hold the wedge 22 by pressing the wedge 22 against the pressure 12. Further, since the convex shape substantially coincides with the outer peripheral surface of the armature core 11, the unevenness on the outer peripheral surface of the armature is eliminated, and the effect of reducing the rotational resistance during high-speed rotation is produced.

  The thin plate-like insulator needs to be a material that can be processed such as the above-mentioned streak molding and can maintain the elastic force after bending. The bending process and the elastic force are greatly influenced by the size of the applicable workpiece and the size of the wedge. A PET film having a wall thickness of 0.15 to 0.25 is recommended as a wedge material. For small size wedges, streaking and folding are very difficult, so choose a thinner material, and for larger size wedges, choose a thicker material to get elasticity. Therefore, it is possible to provide a wedge having both workability and flexibility adapted to each workpiece.

The armature of the commutator motor according to the present invention is a powerful means for reducing the loss that should be done by the armature for improving the efficiency of the motor, and increasing the efficiency of realizing the energy saving of the commutator motor in home appliances, etc. Widely useful as a means.

The fragmentary sectional view of the armature of the electric motor in the embodiment of the present invention Partial sectional view of a specification with a high winding space factor in an embodiment of the present invention The figure which shows the wedge shape transition 1 at the time of wedge insertion of this invention The figure which shows the wedge shape transition 2 at the time of wedge insertion of this invention The figure which shows the wedge shape transition 3 at the time of wedge insertion of this invention External view of commutator motor equipped with armature of embodiment of the present invention Partial sectional view showing a standard wedge of a conventional example Partial cross-sectional view showing a wedge with a B-shaped bend of a conventional example Partial sectional view showing a poor insertion state of a wedge with a folded U-shape of a conventional example Partial sectional view showing a conventional resin-molded slot open embedded type Partial sectional view showing a wedge in which a wedge mounting portion is provided in a slot open portion 13 of a conventional example

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Armature 11 Armature core 12 Teeth 13 Slot open part 131 Slot open recessed part 21 Slot insulator 211 Slot insulator edge part 22 Wedge 221 Bending part 222 Summit part 223 Wedge side part 30 Coil

Claims (4)

An armature laminated core, a plurality of teeth arranged on the outer periphery of the armature laminated core, a plurality of slots formed between the teeth, both axial sides of the armature laminated core and the slots In an armature of a commutator motor comprising an insulating member and a coil wound directly around the teeth via the insulating member,
As a wedge for securing insulation between the core and the coil in the slot open portions of the plurality of slots, a thin insulating material is bent into a substantially chevron shape, and both ends of the bent portions are substantially chevron-shaped bottom portions, and the coil side of the slot An armature for a commutator motor, wherein the top of the mountain is arranged and mounted on the slot open side. 2. The armature of a commutator motor according to claim 1, wherein the top of the substantially chevron wedge has a convex shape adapted to the shape of the slot open portion and matching the outer peripheral surface of the armature core. 3. The armature for a commutator motor according to claim 1, wherein the substantially chevron wedge is made of a PET film having a thickness of 0.15 to 0.25. A commutator motor comprising the armature according to claim 1, 2, or 3.