JP2008006146A - Fingerprint authentication method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fingerprint authentication method and device added with biometrics having a little possibility of an erroneous determination. <P>SOLUTION: White light generated by a light source 11 is passed through a transparent section of a filter 12 and illuminated to the epidermis 21 of an authentication object finger 20, its diffuse light is read by a sensor 13 and the fingerprint of the epidermis 21 is extracted. Alternatively, a light with wavelength of approximately 400 nm is filtered by the filter 12 and illuminated to the dermis 22, its diffuse light is read and the internal fingerprint of the dermis 22 is extracted. Near infrared light is filtered by the filter 12 and illuminated to the vein 23 inside the finger, and a ratio of oxygenated hemoglobin to reduced hemoglobin is detected based on the spectral distribution of the diffuse light. A processing section 14 complements the fingerprint of the epidermis 21 with the internal fingerprint of the dermis 22, collates the fingerprint information with fingerprint information of a person registering the fingerprint information to authenticate the fingerprint whether or not being the identity, and at the same time performs biometrics for it based on the ratio of the oxygenated hemoglobin. When determined not to be the identity, the extracted fingerprint information is stored in a storage section 15. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fingerprint authentication method and apparatus for identifying an individual using a fingerprint, and more particularly to a fingerprint authentication method and apparatus that incorporates an input fingerprint image obtained from a living body as a confirmation element.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a conventional personal identification device described in Patent Document 1 below.
This personal identification collation apparatus is one in which biometric authentication is added to fingerprint authentication. As shown in FIG. 2A, a fingerprint input unit 1 for inputting a fingerprint image as information for specific collation with an individual, and a memory in advance And fingerprint information matching operation unit 3 for checking whether there is a fingerprint corresponding to the registered fingerprint by comparing the inputted fingerprint image with the matching data. Yes. Furthermore, this personal identification checking device determines whether or not the finger having the inputted fingerprint image is a live finger in order to prevent “spoofing” by an artificial finger or a finger that has been copied. A living body detecting unit 4 and a living body information calculating unit 5 are provided. The determination result of the biometric information calculation unit 5 is given to the fingerprint information collation calculation unit 3, and a comprehensive conclusion based on the fingerprint image collation result and the biometric information determination result is output from the collation result output unit 6.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the living body detection unit 4 includes a light source such as a light emitting diode installed slightly in front of a prism for collecting a fingerprint image, and a sensor such as a light receiving photodiode. That is, when the fingerprint surface of the fingertip is pressed against the surface of the prism, the light source and the sensor are arranged at an interval of 10 to 14 mm where the abdominal surface of the second joint of the finger is located. The living body detection unit 4 outputs pulsed visible light to far-infrared light twice from the light source at different levels, and detects a level difference of light that has passed through and scattered from the subject and entered the sensor. . The level difference of light that has passed through the subject is related to the oxygen concentration in the subject, and the level difference detected by the living body detection unit 4 is given to the biological information calculation unit 5 to obtain an average value. An accurate oxygen concentration is calculated, and it is determined whether or not it is a living body.

JP 7-308308 A

  However, in the personal identification collation apparatus, the fingerprint image collation and the biometric information determination are performed independently, so that the apparatus becomes large and complicated, and “spoofing” can be completely prevented. It was difficult.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a fingerprint authentication method and a fingerprint authentication apparatus that are less likely to be erroneously determined by adding biometric authentication.

  The fingerprint authentication method of the present invention irradiates the skin of the fingertip to be authenticated with white light, extracts the fingerprint based on the distribution of scattered light from the skin, and applies visible light having a short wavelength to the fingertip. A built-in fingerprint extraction process that irradiates the dermis and extracts a built-in fingerprint based on the distribution of scattered light from the dermis, and the fingerprint extracted by the fingerprint extraction process is complemented with the built-in fingerprint extracted by the built-in fingerprint extraction process. Fingerprint information generation processing for generating fingerprint information and irradiating the fingertip vein with the near-infrared light and determining the presence or absence of a biological reaction based on the spectral distribution of the light scattered and output by the blood in the vein And determining whether or not the generated fingerprint information matches with the pre-registered fingerprint information when it is determined that there is a biological reaction in the biological detection process and the biological detection process. Determined that there is no biological reaction in the detection process When being is characterized in that performing the fingerprint verification process for storing fingerprint information said generated.

  In the present invention, fingerprint extraction processing for extracting a fingerprint based on scattered light from the epidermis, built-in fingerprint extraction processing for extracting a built-in fingerprint based on scattered light from the dermis, and light scattered by blood in the veins Biological detection processing is performed to determine the presence or absence of a biological reaction based on the spectrum distribution. When a biological reaction is detected, fingerprint information generated by complementing the extracted fingerprint with a built-in fingerprint is compared with previously registered fingerprint information. Fingerprint authentication. Thereby, there is an effect that fingerprint authentication with less risk of erroneous determination with biometric authentication added becomes possible. Further, when it is determined that there is no biological reaction, since the generated fingerprint information is stored, there is an effect that it can be used to determine the owner of a forged fingerprint.

  The above and other objects and novel features of the present invention will become more fully apparent when the following description of the preferred embodiment is read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the drawings are for explanation only, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a fingerprint authentication device showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
This fingerprint authentication device is obtained by adding a biometric authentication function to the fingerprint authentication function, and includes a light source 11, a filter 12, a sensor 13, a processing unit 14, and a storage unit 15 formed on the device substrate 10. The light source 11 generates white light that irradiates the finger 20 to be authenticated. For example, a white light-emitting diode having a broadband spectrum with a wavelength of 400 to 760 nm is used.

  The filter 12 selects a wavelength from white light generated by the light source 11 and irradiates the epidermis 21, dermis 22 and vein 23 of the finger 20. In this filter 12, white light for irradiating the skin 21 of the fingertip on which the fingerprint is formed and visible light having a short wavelength for irradiating the dermis 22 of the fingertip on which the built-in fingerprint is formed (for example, a wavelength of about 400 nm). Purple light) and near-infrared light having a wavelength of about 760 nm for irradiating the vein 23 inside the finger are selected and output. The built-in fingerprint has the same shape as the fingerprint of the epidermis 21 but is formed on the inner side of the epidermis. Therefore, it cannot be read as clearly as the fingerprint of the epidermis and is difficult to use alone for fingerprint authentication. . Therefore, when the epidermis is injured, worn, or the like, it is used to complement the missing portion of the fingerprint.

  The sensor 13 receives white light scattered by the epidermis 21 and extracts a fingerprint, and receives visible light having a short wavelength scattered by the dermis 22 and extracts a built-in fingerprint. Further, the sensor 13 detects the spectral distribution of near-infrared light scattered by the blood in the vein 23.

  The processing unit 14 performs fingerprint authentication by comparing the fingerprint of the epidermis 21 and the built-in fingerprint of the dermis 22 extracted by the sensor 13 with a pre-registered fingerprint, and the near-infrared light detected by the sensor 13 Biometric authentication is performed based on the spectrum distribution. Further, the processing unit 14 has a function of storing the extracted fingerprint information in the storage unit 15 when biometric authentication is not possible.

Next, the operation will be described.
The white light generated by the light source 11 is applied to the skin 21 of the fingertip of the finger 20 to be authenticated through the filter 12. The light hitting the skin 21 is reflected by the convex part and dispersed by the concave part, and the scattered light is incident on the sensor 13. The sensor 13 extracts a fingerprint of the epidermis 21 based on the distribution of incident light.

  Also, light having a wavelength of about 400 nm is selected from the white light generated by the light source 11 by the filter 12 and passes through the epidermis 21 of the finger 20 to be authenticated and is applied to the dermis 22. The light hitting the dermis 22 is reflected by the convex part and dispersed by the concave part, and the scattered light is incident on the sensor 13. The sensor 13 extracts a built-in fingerprint of the dermis 22 based on the distribution of incident light.

  Further, near-infrared light is selected from the white light generated by the light source 11 by the filter 12 and irradiated to the vein 23 inside the finger 20 to be authenticated. Near infrared light hitting the vein 23 is scattered by the blood in the vein, and the scattered light is incident on the sensor 13. The sensor 13 detects the ratio of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin in the blood based on the spectral distribution of the incident near-infrared light.

  The processing unit 14 mainly uses the fingerprint of the epidermis 21 extracted by the sensor 13 and complements it with the built-in fingerprint of the dermis 22 extracted by the sensor 13 to generate fingerprint information. The generated fingerprint information is collated with the fingerprint information of a person registered in advance, and fingerprint authentication is performed to determine whether or not the person is the person. Further, the processing unit 14 performs biometric authentication based on the ratio of oxygenated hemoglobin and reduced hemoglobin detected by the sensor 13. As a result of biometric authentication, if it is determined that the subject is not a biometric, the extracted fingerprint information is stored in the storage unit 15.

As described above, the fingerprint authentication device according to the first embodiment has the following advantages.
(1) Fingerprint authentication is performed using a fingerprint extracted by irradiating the skin 21 with white light and a built-in fingerprint extracted by irradiating the dermis 22 with visible light having a short wavelength (light having a wavelength of about 400 nm). Therefore, even if it is difficult to perform fingerprint authentication of the epidermis due to injury or the like, the identity of the person can be confirmed.
(2) Since the fingerprint of the skin 21 and the built-in fingerprint are used, even when a forged fingerprint is attached to the fingertip, it can be seen through.
(3) Since the biometric authentication is performed by irradiating the vein 23 with near-infrared light and the ratio of oxyhemoglobin in the blood, it is possible to prevent “spoofing” by an artificial finger copied from the fingerprint or a cut finger. Can do.
(4) Since the extracted fingerprint information is stored in the storage unit 15 when biometric authentication is not performed, it can be used to determine the owner of a forged fingerprint.
(5) Since the light source 11, the filter 12, the sensor 13, the processing unit 14, and the storage unit 15 are formed on the device substrate 10 in a concentrated manner at one location below the finger 20 to be authenticated, the size of the device Can be reduced in size and space can be saved.

  FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a fingerprint authentication device showing Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and elements common to those in FIG. 1 are denoted by common reference numerals.

  The second embodiment has the same configuration as that of FIG. 1 except that the path of light irradiated from the light source 11 through the filter 12 to the epidermis 21, dermis 22 and vein 23 of the finger 20 is different.

  In this fingerprint authentication device, the white light generated by the light source 11 is irradiated from the ventral side of the finger 20 to be authenticated to the inside of the nail 24 through the filter 12, reflected by the nail 24 and reflected by the epidermis 21 of the fingertip. Is transmitted to the sensor 13. The sensor 13 extracts a fingerprint of the epidermis 21 based on the distribution of incident light.

  Further, light having a wavelength of about 400 nm is selected from the white light generated by the light source 11 by the filter 12 and irradiated to the inner side of the nail 24 of the finger 20 to be authenticated, and is reflected by the nail 24 so that the dermis 22 of the fingertip is reflected. The transmitted light is incident on the sensor 13. The sensor 13 extracts a built-in fingerprint of the dermis 22 based on the distribution of incident light.

  Further, near-infrared light is selected from the white light generated by the light source 11 by the filter 12 and irradiated to the inside of the nail 24 of the finger 20 to be authenticated, reflected by the nail 24 and blood in the vein 23. The scattered light is incident on the sensor 13. The sensor 13 detects the ratio of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin in the blood based on the spectral distribution of the incident near-infrared light. Other operations are the same as those of the first embodiment and have the same advantages.

It is a block diagram of the fingerprint authentication apparatus which shows Example 1 of this invention. It is a block diagram of the conventional individual specific collation apparatus. It is a block diagram of the fingerprint authentication apparatus which shows Example 2 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Device board | substrate 11 Light source 12 Filter 13 Sensor 14 Processing part 15 Memory | storage part

Claims (4)

A fingerprint extraction process that irradiates the skin of the fingertip of the authentication target with white light and extracts a fingerprint based on the distribution of scattered light from the skin,
A built-in fingerprint extraction process that irradiates the dermis of the fingertip with a short wavelength of visible light and extracts a built-in fingerprint based on the distribution of scattered light from the dermis;
Fingerprint information generation processing for generating fingerprint information by complementing the fingerprint extracted by the fingerprint extraction processing with the internal fingerprint extracted by the internal fingerprint extraction processing;
A living body detection process for irradiating the fingertip vein with near infrared light, and determining the presence or absence of a biological reaction based on the spectral distribution of the light scattered and output by the blood in the vein;
When it is determined in the biological detection process that there is a biological reaction, the generated fingerprint information is compared with fingerprint information registered in advance to determine whether or not they match, and the biological reaction is detected in the biological detection process. When it is determined that there is no fingerprint collation processing for storing the generated fingerprint information,
A fingerprint authentication method characterized by performing. A fingerprint extraction process for irradiating the nail from the ventral side of the finger to be authenticated with white light and extracting the fingerprint based on the distribution of light reflected by the nail and transmitted through the epidermis of the fingertip;
A built-in fingerprint extraction process that irradiates the nail with visible light having a short wavelength from the ventral side of the finger and extracts a built-in fingerprint based on the distribution of light reflected by the nail and transmitted through the dermis of the fingertip;
Fingerprint information generation processing for generating fingerprint information by complementing the fingerprint extracted by the fingerprint extraction processing with the internal fingerprint extracted by the internal fingerprint extraction processing;
A biological detection process for irradiating the nail with near infrared light from the ventral side of the finger and determining the presence or absence of a biological reaction based on the spectral distribution of the light reflected by the nail and transmitted through the blood in the vein;
When it is determined in the biological detection process that there is a biological reaction, the generated fingerprint information is compared with fingerprint information registered in advance to determine whether or not they match, and the biological reaction is detected in the biological detection process. When it is determined that there is no fingerprint collation processing for storing the generated fingerprint information,
A fingerprint authentication method characterized by performing. A light source that generates white light including visible light to near-infrared light;
A filter for selecting and outputting white light, visible light having a short wavelength, and near infrared light from the light generated by the light source;
A fingerprint is extracted based on the distribution of the white light output from the filter and scattered by the epidermis of the finger to be authenticated, and the short wavelength output from the filter and scattered by the dermis of the finger to be authenticated The internal fingerprint is extracted based on the distribution of visible light, and the presence or absence of a biological reaction is detected based on the spectral distribution of the near-infrared light output from the filter and scattered by the blood in the finger vein of the authentication target A sensor to
The fingerprint extracted by the sensor is complemented with the built-in fingerprint extracted by the sensor to generate fingerprint information. When a biological reaction is detected by the sensor, the generated fingerprint information is registered in advance as fingerprint information. And a processing unit that stores the generated fingerprint information in a storage unit when a biological reaction is not detected by the sensor,
A fingerprint authentication apparatus comprising: A light source that generates white light including visible light to near-infrared light;
A filter for selecting and outputting white light, visible light having a short wavelength, and near infrared light from the light generated by the light source;
A fingerprint is extracted based on the distribution of the white light output from the filter and reflected by the fingernail of the authentication target and transmitted through the epidermis, and output from the filter and reflected by the fingernail of the authentication target. The near-infrared light that extracts a built-in fingerprint based on the distribution of visible light having a short wavelength that has passed through the dermis, is output from the filter, is reflected by the fingernail of the authentication target, and passes through blood in the vein A sensor for detecting the presence or absence of a biological reaction based on the spectral distribution of
The fingerprint extracted by the sensor is complemented with the built-in fingerprint extracted by the sensor to generate fingerprint information. When a biological reaction is detected by the sensor, the generated fingerprint information is registered in advance as fingerprint information. And a processing unit that stores the generated fingerprint information in a storage unit when a biological reaction is not detected by the sensor,
A fingerprint authentication apparatus comprising:

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