JP2008002016A - Glass fiber fabric - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new glass fiber fabric easily stretched compared to a conventional glass fiber fabric. <P>SOLUTION: The glass fiber fabric is obtained by using a glass fiber yarn, preferably an interlaced yarn of the glass fiber as a warp yarn or a weft yarn, which has tensile strength of ≥3.0 cN/dtex and an elongation of ≥3.0%. Preferably, the woven fabric is a plain fabric, and has a density of warp and weft of ≥12/25 mm, and an elongation in the warp or weft direction of the fabric of ≥4.0%. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a glass fiber fabric.

  Glass fiber fabrics (also referred to as glass cloths) are increasingly used in recent years as reinforcing materials in various composite materials. For example, a film base material in which a glass cloth is impregnated with a matrix resin is used for printed wiring boards because of high rigidity requirements, high dimensional stability requirements, low thermal expansion requirements, and the like (see, for example, Patent Document 1). .

  In addition, as a laminated plate used for roofing materials, etc., a metal foil is laminated on one side of a substrate made of a thermoplastic synthetic resin, and a glass cloth is stuck on many sides, and there is little elongation on the side on which the glass cloth is stuck. A laminate having excellent rigidity has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  As described above, glass cloth has the characteristics of high rigidity and low elongation, and is used exclusively for applications that make full use of the characteristics. This is because the glass fiber itself is a fiber with little elongation, and the elongation in the case of a woven fabric does not cause much elongation beyond the so-called tissue elongation due to the bending at the intersection of yarns being pulled. by. For example, in an ordinary plain weave that seems to be most frequently used, the elongation of the fabric is less than 3% in both the warp and weft directions. Although the thing with comparatively large elongation rate is also known (for example, refer patent document 3), it is based on special structures, such as a very low woven density, and aims at making elongation rate high. It is not a thing.

Republished patent WO2004 / 027136 (Claims, Background Art) JP 2002-1868 (paragraphs [0005] and [0007]) JP 2001-329466 A (Table 1 in paragraph [0032])

  Conventional glass fiber fabrics are characterized by high rigidity and low elongation, and have been used in various applications. However, the fact that the elongation is small means that, when used in combination with other materials, for example, laminated with other sheet-like materials, it cannot sufficiently follow the elongation of other materials. In some cases, the plate may be warped.

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the novel glass fiber fabric which can be made easy to extend compared with the conventional glass fiber fabric.

  In order to solve the above problems, the inventor relied on the structure elongation, so the range of use was naturally limited, and in a complex structure, weaving was difficult, or the strength of the glass fiber was impaired by bending. I thought it was. Then, it discovered that a subject could be solved by making the thread | yarn consisting of glass fiber easy to extend, and came to complete this invention.

That is, the present invention
[1] In a glass fiber fabric, a glass fiber yarn having a tensile strength of 3.0 cN / dtex or more and a yarn elongation of 3.0% or more is used as a warp or weft. Fiberglass fabric,
[2] A glass fiber woven fabric characterized by using an interlaced yarn made of glass fiber as warp or weft.
[3] The glass fiber fabric according to [2], wherein the interlace yarn has an elongation of 3.0% or more.
[4] Glass having a plain weave, a warp density and a weft density of 12 pieces / 25 mm or more, and an elongation in the warp direction or the weft direction of the fabric is 4.0% or more. Textile fabric,
[5] The glass fiber fabric according to any one of [1] to [4], to which a silane coupling agent is applied, and [6] according to the preceding item [5], which is not subjected to heat cleaning. Fiberglass fabric,
About.

  Since the glass fiber fabric of the present invention can be made easier to stretch than the conventional glass fiber fabric, when used in combination with other materials as a reinforcing material, it has the ability to follow the elongation of other materials. Are better. For this reason, for example, when used by being laminated with a metal plate, a laminated plate with less warpage can be obtained.

  The glass fiber fabric of the present invention using interlaced yarn is softer and more excellent in draping property than the conventional glass fiber fabric using twisted yarn, and is used as a reinforcing material for a three-dimensional shaped product. In addition, it is easy to follow the shape and is suitable. Moreover, since the interlaced yarn has a thick and slender appearance, the glass fiber fabric of the present invention using the interlaced yarn can be made into a fabric having a high designability, and can be used for wall materials and the like to enhance the designability. Can do. Furthermore, since the interlaced yarn is easily carried by an air jet, the glass fiber fabric of the present invention using the interlaced yarn has particularly good weavability in the air jet loom.

  In addition, the glass fiber fabric of the present invention to which the silane coupling material is applied has a good compatibility with a resin used as a reinforcing material for FRP, and a good compatibility with a paint when used for a wall material, etc. It is used as a reinforcing material for water-stopping layers of roads and has a good familiarity with pitch (oil pitch or coal pitch). Furthermore, even in the case where heat cleaning is not performed, it can have the same familiarity as the above resin, paint, pitch, etc., so it is energy saving and prevents strength reduction due to heat cleaning damage. be able to.

  In the present invention, the glass fiber fabric refers to a fabric woven using glass fiber yarns, which are filament yarns composed of glass fibers. Although it does not specifically limit as a composition of the glass fiber in this invention, For example, E glass, S glass, etc. are mentioned.

  Although it does not specifically limit as an average single yarn diameter of the glass fiber in this invention, About 2-20 micrometers is preferable and 5-15 micrometers is more preferable. When it is desired to make the glass fiber fabric thin, it is effective to use a thin single yarn. However, if the glass fiber fabric is too thin, there is a tendency that single yarn breakage and strength problems are likely to occur. The cross-sectional shape of the glass fiber single yarn is not particularly limited, and may be a flat cross-section or other irregular cross-section, but usually a round cross-section is used.

  Although it does not specifically limit as the fineness of the glass fiber yarn in this invention, About 50-500 tex is preferable and 60-300 tex is more preferable. Moreover, as a single yarn number in a glass fiber yarn, 50-600 are preferable and 100-500 are more preferable.

Compared with the conventional glass fiber fabric, the glass fiber fabric of the present invention can be a glass fiber fabric that is easy to stretch. The degree of ease of elongation is preferably 4.0% or more, and more preferably 5.0% or more, in the warp direction or weft direction of the fabric. The upper limit of the elongation in the warp direction or weft direction of the fabric is usually only about 7%. The elongation D (%) of the glass fiber woven fabric in the present invention is defined as the grip interval L ₀ (mm) when measuring the tensile strength of the glass fiber woven fabric according to JIS R 3420 (1999) 7.4.2 a). It means a value calculated by the following formula from the length L (mm) between the grips at the time of fracture.
D = (L−L ₀ ) / L ₀

In the glass fiber woven fabric of the present invention, the tensile strength in the warp direction or the weft direction of the woven fabric is preferably 200 N / 25 mm or more in terms of the basis weight per 100 g / m ² , although it depends on the basis weight. The above is more preferable, and 400 N / 25 mm or more is particularly preferable. The upper limit of the strength in the warp direction or the weft direction of the woven fabric is usually about 500 to 600 N / 25 mm in terms of the basis weight of 100 g / m ² although it depends on the basis weight. The tensile strength of the glass fiber fabric in the present invention means the tensile strength measured according to 7.4.2 a) of JIS R 3420 (1999).

In addition, about the range of the tensile strength of said textile fabric, when a fabric weight differs from 100 g / m < ² >, you may consider that it is proportional to a fabric weight.

  The fact that the glass fiber fabric of the present invention is easy to stretch as compared with the conventional glass fiber fabric is embodied by using a glass fiber yarn that is easy to stretch as warp or weft, and other than the difference in the glass fiber yarn to be used. This means that it is easier to stretch than the conventional glass fiber woven fabric, compared with the case where the woven structure, warp density, weft density and basis weight are equivalent. Therefore, if the glass fiber yarn that is easily stretched is used as a warp, it can be a glass fiber fabric that is easily stretched in the warp direction, and if it is used for a weft, it can be a glass fiber fabric that is easily stretched in the weft direction. .

  However, in the easily stretchable glass fiber yarn used in the present invention, since the composition of the glass fiber is not particularly different from the conventional glass fiber, the elongation of the material itself called glass fiber is the case of the conventional glass fiber yarn. Similarly small. In glass fiber yarn, apart from the elongation of the fiber material itself, the elongation caused by the three-dimensional arrangement of the constituent single yarn, specifically, the slack of the single yarn is eliminated when tension is applied. Therefore, in the present invention, a glass fiber yarn having a relatively high elongation is referred to as a glass fiber yarn that is easy to stretch.

  The yarn elongation in the glass fiber yarn that is easily stretched is preferably 3.0% or more, and more preferably 3.0 to 5.0%.

In addition, the tensile strength of the easily stretchable glass fiber yarn is preferably 3.0 cN / dtx or more, and more preferably 3.0 to 6.5 cN / dtex.
In addition, the tensile strength and elongation of the glass fiber yarn in the present invention mean tensile strength and elongation (elongation) measured according to JIS R 3420 (1999) 7.4.2 b).

  Although it does not specifically limit as a structure | tissue of the glass fiber fabric in this invention, For example, a plain weave, a satin weave, a twill weave etc. are mentioned. In the present invention, plain weave is preferably employed because it has relatively little misalignment and a flat glass fiber fabric can be easily obtained. The satin weave is effective in improving drape, and the twill weave is effective in increasing the unidirectional structure elongation.

  Although it does not specifically limit as the warp density and the weft density in the glass fiber fabric of this invention, About 10-40 piece / 25mm is preferable and 12-32 piece / 25mm is more preferable.

  When the glass fiber woven fabric is a plain weave, the elongation of the fabric is small in the conventional glass fiber woven fabric because the tissue elongation is small. However, in the present invention, by using an easy-to-extend yarn, even if it is a plain weave and the warp density and the weft density are 12 yarns / 25 mm or more, the elongation in the warp direction or the weft direction of the woven fabric is 4.0. % Or more, preferably 4.0 to 5.0%, further 5.0% or more, preferably 5.0 to 7.0%.

The thickness of the glass fiber fabric of the present invention is not particularly limited and is preferably about 0.1 to 0.3 mm, although it depends on the application. Further, the basis weight of the glass fiber fabric is not particularly limited, and is preferably about 100 to 400 g / m ² , more preferably 100 to 300 g / m ² , although depending on the application. The thickness and basis weight of the glass fiber fabric can be adjusted by appropriately selecting the glass fiber yarn to be used, the woven structure, the yarn density, and the like.

  The glass fiber yarn used for constituting the glass fiber fabric of the present invention is preferably an interlace yarn made of glass fiber. Interlaced yarn is yarn that has been subjected to interlace processing, and by interlacing, thin portions that are entangled with constituent filaments, that is, details, and thick portions that are not entangled with each other, that is, thick portions that are alternating The thread is thick and thin. In this thick part, since the filament is somewhat slack, it is possible to provide an allowance when the interlace yarn is tensioned. Therefore, although it is a yarn composed of glass fibers with little elongation, it can be a yarn that is easily elongated by being an interlaced yarn, and the strength is not particularly impaired. Further, since the formed thick portion is easy to include air, it becomes a yarn that can easily ride on an air jet, which is advantageous in weaving in an air jet loom.

  Further, by using interlaced yarn, it is possible to obtain a glass fiber woven fabric having a soft texture and excellent drape, which is advantageous when conforming to a three-dimensional shape at the time of use. Conversely, when hardness is required during use, the hardness may be imparted by impregnating a small amount of resin. When placing importance on drape, the bending resistance of the glass fiber fabric of the present invention is preferably 100 mm or less, and more preferably 70 to 90 mm. Here, the bending resistance means the bending resistance measured according to the 6.19.1 A method (45 ° cantilever method) of JIS L 1096 (1990).

  As an additional effect, since the interlaced yarn is formed by alternately forming details and thick portions and has an appearance with so-called thick spots, the design of the glass fiber fabric can be enhanced.

  The elongation of the interlace yarn in the present invention is preferably 3.0% or more, and more preferably 3.0 to 5.0%. Being 3.0% or more is more effective from the viewpoint of weaving a desired easily stretchable glass fiber fabric. The degree of entanglement, that is, the number of details is preferably 60 to 75 / m, and more preferably 64 to 70 / m.

  The conditions for the interlacing process are not particularly limited, and may be performed under normal conditions using a known interlace nozzle. However, if overwritten, the overfeed rate is about 4.0 to 5.0%. The air pressure is preferably about 0.2 to 0.3 MPa. By performing interlace processing by appropriately selecting conditions within such a range, it is possible to adjust the elongation and entanglement degree of the interlace yarn to a desired range.

  In the glass fiber fabric of the present invention using an interlace yarn, the interlace yarn may be used only for the warp, may be used only for the weft, or may be used for both the warp and the weft. Good. The glass fiber woven fabric can be a woven fabric that easily stretches in the direction in which the interlace yarn is used.

  The glass fiber fabric of the present invention can be produced using a known method in the same manner as a conventional glass fiber fabric except that a glass fiber yarn that is easier to stretch than a normal glass fiber yarn is used as described above. . The loom is not particularly limited, and any of a rapier type, a water jet loom, and an air jet loom may be used, but an air jet loom is preferable.

  The glass fiber fabric of the present invention can be used for various applications. In applications where a synthetic resin, paint, pitch, or the like is impregnated or applied, the glass fiber fabric of the present invention is treated with a silane coupling agent as a surface treatment. Is preferably given. Thereby, the familiarity between the glass fiber and the synthetic resin, the paint, the pitch, etc. is improved, which contributes to the improvement of the permeability and interfacial adhesion.

  The silane coupling agent is not particularly limited, and a known silane coupling agent may be appropriately used. For example, γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ- Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, 3- (N-styrylmethyl-2-aminoethylamino) propyltrimethoxysilane hydrochloride, N-β- (aminoethyl) -γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, γ-methacryloxypropyltri Examples include methoxysilane and γ-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane. Those silane coupling agents are commercially available.

  The method for applying the silane coupling agent to the glass fiber fabric is not particularly limited. For example, the glass fiber fabric is immersed in the treatment liquid using the treatment liquid containing the silane coupling agent. Alternatively, after the treatment liquid is applied to a glass fiber fabric, the excess treatment liquid is squeezed out if necessary and then dried. Here, when the paste is applied to the glass fiber, the heat cleaning is usually performed at about 300 to 400 ° C. for about 24 to 100 hours to remove the paste before applying the silane coupling agent. Done. In conventional glass fiber fabrics, in many cases, a glass fiber yarn with a paste to which a sizing agent is applied in order to improve the weaving property is used. In this case, heat before applying a silane coupling agent is used. Cleaning is usually performed. However, since heat cleaning brings a disadvantage of reducing the strength of the glass fiber, heat cleaning may not be performed in the present invention.

  In the present invention, when an interlaced yarn made of glass fiber is used, the interlaced yarn can be satisfactorily woven in an air jet loom even if it is non-glue to which no glue is applied. Moreover, a silane coupling agent can be imparted to the interlace yarn before weaving. Therefore, in the present invention, a glass fiber fabric provided with a silane coupling agent without heat cleaning by weaving in an air jet loom using an interlaced yarn that is non-glue and previously provided with a silane coupling agent. Can be obtained efficiently. This glass fiber fabric has the advantage that it does not adversely affect the action of the silane coupling agent because it is non-glue and there is no reduction in strength due to heat cleaning.

  The method for applying the silane coupling agent to the yarn before weaving is not particularly limited. For example, the yarn may be immersed in the treatment solution while running the yarn, or the treatment solution may be applied using an oil roller or the like. There is a method of drying after applying an excess treatment liquid as necessary after applying to a yarn. In the interlace yarn to which a silane coupling agent has been applied in advance, the silane coupling agent may be applied before or after the interlace processing. Although the silane coupling agent is given to the glass fiber yarn, it can be obtained as a commercial product, so it may be interlaced.

  If the suitable use of the glass fiber fabric of this invention is illustrated, it can be used as a reinforcing material of a fiber reinforced plastic molding first, combining with a well-known thermosetting resin or a thermoplastic resin. It is also suitable to use as a laminate with a resin film.

  The glass fiber fabric of the present invention can be impregnated with pitch and used as a waterproof sheet. More specific examples of the use of such waterproof sheets are to form a waterproof layer on the roof of a building, a waterproof layer under a reservoir or tank, or an underground waterproof layer on a permeable paved road. Use. In particular, when used in the underground of a road, it is more advantageous than using a conventional glass fiber fabric in that the elongation of the glass fiber fabric absorbs vibration and is not easily damaged.

  The glass fiber fabric of the present invention is useful as a reinforcing material for building materials such as wall materials. In particular, in the case of laminating near the surface of a wall material or the like so that the form of the glass fiber fabric can be visually recognized from the surface, those using interlaced yarn can improve the design of the wall material or the like.

  Moreover, the glass fiber fabric of the present invention is useful as a reinforcing material for a vibration-damping steel plate. As a method used for this application, for example, the glass fiber fabric of the present invention is laminated and bonded to a rubber sheet in a semi-molten state, and the laminated body with this rubber is on the steel plate side opposite to the glass fiber fabric. A method of laminating and adhering to a steel plate so that the heat treatment is performed and then heat-treating. Particularly in this application, since the glass fiber fabric is easily stretched, it is possible to reduce the warp caused by the heat history during production and the heat during use.

  The glass fiber woven fabric of the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples, and can be used for applications where glass fiber woven fabrics are conventionally used and for glass fiber fabrics that can be newly generated in the future. In addition, in those uses, the effect derived from not only the effect illustrated above but the glass fiber of this invention being easily extended can be expected.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, but it is needless to say that the present invention is not limited to the examples.
The tensile strength and elongation of the yarn and the fabric were both measured by the method described in JIS R 3420. For the measurement, a tensile tester (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, “Autograph (registered trademark) S-500C”) was used, and the average value was adopted with the number of sample points being 5 points. The test speed was 250 mm / min for the yarn test and 200 mm / min for the fabric test.
The bending resistance of the fabric was measured by the 45 ° cantilever method described in JIS L 1096. The average value was adopted by measuring the front and back of 5 sheets.

Example 1
0.5-0.7% of an amino silane coupling agent having an average single yarn diameter of 9 μm, a single yarn number of 200, and a non-twisting E glass composition was applied (other than that, no paste was applied) The glass fiber yarn was obtained as a commercial product (Central Glass Fiber Co., Ltd., ERS135-562C-G / SS). The glass fiber yarn is subjected to an entanglement process (interlacing process) at an overfeed rate of 4.2% and an air pressure of 0.22 MPa using an interlace nozzle in an interlacing machine (Aiki Seisakusho Co., Ltd.), so that a silane cup An interlace yarn having a entanglement degree of 68 pieces / m to which a ring agent was applied was obtained.
Next, using this interlaced yarn for all warp and weft, weaving into a plain weave with a width of 1045mm in an air jet loom, warp density 19 / 25mm, weft density 18 / 25mm, thickness 0.24mm, basis weight A glass fiber fabric of 205 g / m ² was obtained. The weaving property was good.
The interlaced yarn was extracted from the warp and weft of the woven fabric after weaving, and the strength and elongation were measured. The material extracted from the warp was tensile strength 4.0 cN / dtex, elongation 3.2%, and extracted from the weft. Had a tensile strength of 4.1 cN / dtex and an elongation of 3.3%.

Comparative Example 1
Glued glass fiber yarns with an E glass composition with an average single yarn diameter of 9 μm, 200 single yarns and Z twist number of 0.7 / 25 mm are used for all warp and weft yarns, and plain weave with a width of 1044 mm in an air jet loom. Weaved. The fabric was then heat cleaned at 400 ° C. for 36 hours for desizing. Further, as the surface treatment, the fabric after the heat cleaning is dipped in a treatment liquid containing an amino-based silane coupling agent while running, and after squeezing, the silane coupling agent is reduced to 0.degree. C. for 1 minute. 09% by mass (calculated as 100% by mass of the unwoven fabric) was applied.
The glass fiber fabric thus obtained had a warp density of 19 yarns / 25 mm, a weft density of 18 yarns / 25 mm, a thickness of 0.21 mm, and a basis weight of 200 g / m ² .

  Test pieces were taken from the glass fiber fabric finally obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, and the tensile strength, elongation and bending resistance of the fabric were measured. The results are shown in Table 1 below.

As is apparent from the above results, the glass fiber fabric of Example 1 is easily stretched as warp and weft yarns although the fabric structure is almost the same as that of Comparative Example 1. By using the strip, the fabric became easy to stretch. Moreover, since the glass fiber fabric of Example 1 uses an interlaced yarn, the bending resistance is smaller than that of the glass fiber fabric of Comparative Example 1 using a twisted yarn, and the drape property is excellent. Furthermore, in Example 1, since weaving was possible without twisting, heat cleaning was not required, and the strength of the glass fiber fabric was superior to that of Comparative Example 1 that was damaged by heat cleaning.

Claims (6)

  A glass fiber woven fabric characterized by using a glass fiber yarn having a tensile strength of 3.0 cN / dtex or more and an elongation of 3.0% or more as warp or weft. .   A glass fiber woven fabric characterized by using an interlaced yarn made of glass fiber as warp or weft.   The glass fiber fabric according to claim 2, wherein the interlace yarn has an elongation of 3.0% or more.   A glass fiber woven fabric having a plain weave, a warp density and a weft density of 12 pieces / 25 mm or more, and an elongation in the warp direction or the weft direction of the fabric of 4.0% or more.   The glass fiber fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4, to which a silane coupling agent is applied. The glass fiber fabric according to claim 5, which is not subjected to heat cleaning.