JP2007521548A - Tracking system and related methods - Google Patents

Abstract

A tracking system (10) for tracking a movable asset (16) and a method of using this system. The tracking system includes a monitoring device (22), a tracking information network (20), a data communication network (18), a tracker tag (12) and a tracking information server (14). The tracker tag uses GPS technology. The tracking information server provides programmed instructions to the tracker tag in a message via the messaging system. The tracker tag retrieves the message from the messaging system. The tracking information server provides tracking information and related information to the subscriber. In one example, the tracker tag communicates with the Iridium satellite constellation (28), and the tracking information is displayed to the subscriber if the asset is substantially anywhere in the world. In another example, the monitoring device communicates with the Iridium satellite constellation and the tracking information is displayed to the subscriber, preferably via the Internet (36), if the subscriber is substantially anywhere in the world. .

Description

  This application claims the benefit of PCT Patent Application No. PCT / US03 / 14483, filed May 6, 2003, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference. Furthermore, this application is a continuation-in-part of PCT Patent Application No. PCT / US03 / 14483. PCT Patent Application No. PCT / US03 / 14483 claims the benefit of US Provisional Application No. 60 / 378,283, filed May 7,2002.

  The present invention relates to a system for tracking movable assets and a method of using the system. The present invention finds particular applications related to tracking devices that operate using global positioning system technology and tracking information servers that provide tracking information to subscribers along with various types of supplemental information. The present invention will be described with reference to FIG. However, it should be understood that the present invention may be subject to other applications, such as monitoring certain environmental and operational characteristics associated with an asset, controlling certain operations of an asset, and the like.

  It is common to provide transponders and / or black boxes on passenger aircraft and some common aircraft. The transponder and / or black box records the position of the aircraft and / or actions taken within the aircraft. While such systems are useful for obtaining aircraft flight and operational information, currently implemented techniques have drawbacks. These drawbacks include relatively low levels of interaction with aircraft in various stages of the flight pattern, including stages from ground travel and takeoff to in-flight flight patterns and landing. In addition, such systems are typically controlled and interconnected to the passenger aircraft or aircraft electronic infrastructure. Such a design offers the possibility of disabling these systems, for example when an intruder controls an aircraft without authorization. Some US patents related to tracking aircraft and other objects are listed below.

  Monroe US Pat. No. 6,545,601 discloses a security / surveillance system for terrestrial aircraft, which is important both inside and outside commercial transportation such as aircraft. Incorporates a number of strategically spaced sensors, including video image generators, audio sensors, motion detectors, and fire / smoke detectors, for monitoring critical components and critical areas . Captured data and images are transmitted to a terrestrial security station, displayed on a monitor, and sometimes recorded on “black box” recorders and terrestrial recording systems. Multiple audio and image signals are multiplexed and ordered using split screen technology to minimize the recording and monitoring hardware required for image processing.

  Doyle U.S. Pat. No. 6,519,529 discloses a system for tracking and monitoring the cargo trailer's joint conventional transportation conditions. This system monitors the status of various sensors on the trailer in addition to the information provided by the global positioning system (GPS) unit. The GPS unit provides trailer position and velocity. The wheel monitoring unit provides the status of the trailer wheel, such as, in particular, whether there is a wheel rotation. The anti-lock braking system is used to provide signal information indicating wheel rotation conditions. An independent wheel rotation sensor is also used to provide wheel rotation status. The computer processor uses the wheel rotation status, the position information, and the speed information to determine the movement status of the trailer jointly integrated transport.

  Curatolo et al., US Pat. No. 6,510,380, discloses a security and tracking device comprising at least two signaling units in close communication and means for identifying the location of the signaling unit. . In one embodiment, at least two signaling units in close proximity and the signaling unit's location is identified and automatically transmitted when the signaling unit is separated by more than a preselected distance A security and tracking device is provided. In a preferred embodiment, a method is provided for locating a human, animal or tangible asset, the method providing at least two signaling units in close proximity communicating with the human, animal or tangible asset. Steps, at least one signaling unit is small and hidden and securely attached to a human, animal or tangible asset, these signaling units locate the signaling unit relative to the monitoring station Means to do. The method further includes activating means for identifying the location of the signaling unit by referring to the GPS system and notifying the monitoring station of the geographical location.

  Doner US Pat. No. 6,490,523 discloses a method and apparatus for managing a locomotive. The apparatus includes an on-board tracking system that includes a locomotive interface, a computer, a GPS receiver, and a transmitter, the computer is programmed to determine the location of the locomotive and transmit the location via the transmitter. The computer is further programmed to obtain locomotive measurements and transmit them via a transmitter. The method includes operating each on-board system to determine when each locomotive has departed from the locomotive designated point, and determining the departure state and the engine at the time corresponding to the locomotive designated point. Sending a vehicle location message to the data center and operating the on-board system to collect GPS location data simultaneously for each locomotive, and the locomotive corresponding to the locomotive designated point in the data center Collecting location messages to determine a localized group of locomotives and identifying a representative train configuration and the leading locomotive.

  Baker US Pat. No. 6,339,397 is attached to a mounting plate. A portable self-contained tracking unit including an enclosure is disclosed, and a hollow internal cavity houses a GPS receiver, a microprocessor, and a transmitter. The GPS receiver receives the tracking data, and the microprocessor processes the tracking data into data packets. The transmitter transmits the data packet to the remote receiving station for transmission to the central database. A photovoltaic cell is mounted on the enclosure to charge a battery that provides power to the electrical components of the tracking unit. The enclosure is designed with a pair of vertically oriented side plates that are generally orthogonally oriented, so that the solar panels on the side plates maintain a favorable solar incident angle through a wide range of orientations. To. The transmitter is a cellular phone with an antenna, mounted in the enclosure, but spaced from the metal mounting plate and electrical components by a wavelength that is about one quarter of the operating frequency of the transmitter. The enclosure is constructed of a radio frequency and light transmissive material so that the antenna and solar panel can be housed within the hollow interior cavity of the enclosure. In the method of the present invention, the tracking data is periodically transmitted to the cellular service provider via the cellular telephone and further to the data service bureau, which is transmitted via the Internet. Send data to the database on the central server computer. The central server computer decodes the information and provides an interface and value-added products such as maps and reports to customers via web pages on the Internet.

  Currently, each general aircraft (about 400,000 in the United States) is required to voluntarily comply with the transponder positioning system currently in place. Only one third of ordinary aircraft are observing. The other two-thirds do not have a transponder or are not compliant for other reasons.

  A review of existing technology, for example, creating a tracking system that improves interactive service communication with intelligence between aircraft and ground stations in flight patterns, and in communication between aircraft and ground stations It is desirable to ensure independence. It would be desirable to provide a reliable and cost-effective way to track an aircraft with a unique aircraft number, for example, during aircraft idle time, ground travel, and anytime during flight. It may also be desirable to provide the above types of interactive service communications and independent communications for other types of traffic, such as various types of air, ground, and waterways.

  In one aspect, an apparatus is provided for tracking movable assets and providing tracking information to a monitoring device. In one embodiment, the apparatus includes a tracker tag adapted to selectively receive position data and time data from a plurality of global positioning system satellites of a global positioning system satellite constellation, wherein the position data Represents the position of each global positioning system satellite from which the received data originated relative to the center of the earth, time data represents the time associated with the position data, and the tracker tag is along the exterior of the movable asset Located in a location that facilitates the reception of position and time data, the tracker tag combines position data from multiple global positioning system satellites and combines the combined position and time data into a data communication network. To send selectively, A tracker tag is adapted to selectively retrieve messages with command and control information via the data communication network, the tracker tag is inoperable from the equipment associated with the asset, and the device is A tracking information server for command and control of the tracker tag, wherein the tracking information server is adapted to selectively send a message with command and control information to the tracker tag via the messaging system; The message is addressed to the tracker tag, the messaging system can access the tracker tag via a data communication network, and the tracking information server receives the combined location and time data from the tracker tag. Adapted to receive via communication network The tracking information server is adapted to selectively receive commands and control information from the monitoring device via the tracking information network, and the tracking information server receives the combined location and time data as programmed instructions and commands. And adapted to selectively process and generate tracking information based on the control information, the tracking information is associated with the asset and is selectively accessible to the monitoring device via the tracking information network.

  In another aspect, a tracking system is provided. In one embodiment, the tracking system includes a monitoring device for displaying tracking information associated with the movable asset, a tracking information network in communication with the monitoring device to communicate the tracking information to the monitoring device, a data communication network, A tracker tag adapted to selectively receive position data and time data from a plurality of global positioning system satellites of the global positioning system satellite constellation, wherein the position data is received data Represents the position of each global positioning system satellite of the origin of the satellite relative to the center of the earth, the time data represents the time associated with the position data, the tracker tag represents the position data Located in a location that facilitates data reception, tracker tags The global positioning system combines position and time data from satellites and selectively transmits the combined position and time data over a data communication network. Are selectively retrieved via a data communication network, and the apparatus includes a tracking information server for command and control of the tracker tag, the tracking information server transferring the command and control information to the tracker tag. Selectively sent via the messaging system, the message is addressed to the tracker tag, the messaging system is accessible to the tracker tag via the data communication network, and the tracking information server is combined Location data and time data From the tracker tag via the data communication network, the tracking information server selectively receives command and control information from the monitoring device via the tracking information network, and the tracking information server receives the combined location data. And tracking data is selectively processed to create tracking information that is selectively accessible to the monitoring device via the tracking information network.

  In yet another aspect, a method is provided for monitoring sensor data associated with a movable asset using a tracker tag that communicates with a tracking information server. In one embodiment, the method includes the steps of: a) attaching a tracker tag to the movable asset, the tracker tag looking along the exterior of the movable asset during the normal movement of the asset. (Line of sight) is located where the sky accesses, the tracker tag is not activated from the equipment associated with the asset, and the tracker tag is a programmed instruction that controls the current operation of the tracker tag The tracking information server includes a master tag profile that is reconfigurable and at least initially the same as the installed tag profile, and a method B) Reconfigure the master tag profile on the tracking information server to the next tag Creating a profile, wherein the next tag profile includes programmed instructions that control the subsequent operation of the tracker tag, and the method c) tracks the next tag profile. Selectively sending the message to the tag via the messaging system, the messaging system being accessible to the tracker tag via the data communication network, and a method comprising: d) the tracker tag E) detecting the state change state with a tracker tag and responding to the state change state according to programmed instructions in the installed tag profile The response to the state change state is Including retrieving messages with lofi from the messaging system and installing the next tag profile on the tracker tag; after installation, the next tag profile is for control of the current behavior of the tracker tag And the method comprises: f) detecting the status of data collection with a tracker tag and responding to the status of data collection with a program in the installed tag profile. The response to the status of data collection includes one or more sensors associated with the tracker tag, one or more sensors associated with the asset, and one associated with the vehicle associated with the asset. Or at least one of the sensors Collecting and storing relevant sensor data, and the method g) detects the status of the data download with a tracker tag and sends a response to the status of the data download with the installed tag The step of performing according to programmed instructions in the profile, the response to the status of the data download includes downloading the stored sensor data to the tracking information server via the data communication network, The sensor data is processed by processing the downloaded sensor data, and the sensor information is displayed on the monitoring device via the tracking information network.

  In yet another aspect, a method is provided for tracking movable assets using a tracker tag in communication with a tracking information server. The method includes a) attaching a tracker tag to a movable asset, the tracker tag accessing the tracker tag's line of sight empty during normal movement of the asset along the exterior of the movable asset Placed in place, the tracker tag is not activated from the device associated with the asset, and the tracker tag has an installed tag profile that includes programmed instructions that control the current operation of the tracker tag. The tracking information server includes a master tag profile that is reconfigurable and at least initially the same as the installed tag profile, and the method includes: b) re-mastering the master tag profile To configure the tracking information server to create the next tag profile The next tag profile includes programmed instructions that control the subsequent operation of the tracker tag, and the method includes c) messaging the next tag profile to the tracker tag. Selectively sending in a message through the system, wherein the messaging system is accessible to the tracker tag via the data communication network, and the method includes d) powering up the tracker tag And e) detecting the state change state with a tracker tag and responding to the state change state according to programmed instructions in the installed tag profile, the response to the state change state being , Messaging messages with the following tag profiles And installing the next tag profile on the tracker tag, after installation the next tag profile is the installed tag profile for control of the current behavior of the tracker tag And the method includes the steps of: f) detecting the data collection status with the tracker tag and responding to the data collection status according to programmed instructions in the installed tag profile; The response to the status includes collecting and storing position data and time data associated with the global positioning system receiver in the tracker tag, and the method g) tracks the status of the data download to the tracker tag. Detected in response to the data download status. Including the step of performing an answer according to programmed instructions in the installed tag profile, the response to the data download status downloading the stored location data and time data to the tracking information server via the data communication network The tracking information server processes the downloaded location data and time data to create tracking information, and displays the tracking information on the monitoring device via the tracking information network.

Upon reading and understanding the description of the invention herein, the benefits and advantages of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art.
The invention has been described in more detail in connection with a set of accompanying drawings.

  The present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are intended to illustrate examples of embodiments of the invention and are to be construed as limiting the invention to such embodiments. Should not. It should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various components and arrangements of components, and various steps and arrangements of steps, beyond those provided in the drawings and related descriptions. In the drawings, like reference numerals indicate like elements.

  With reference to FIG. 1, one embodiment of a tracking system 10 includes a tracker tag 12, a tracking information server 14, an asset 16, a data communication network 18, a tracking information network 20, a monitoring device 22, and a GPS satellite constellation 24. . The GPS satellite constellation 24 is preferably a public GPS satellite constellation that includes a plurality of GPS satellites 240 (FIG. 3) in orbit around the earth. Each GPS satellite contains a clock and keeps track of its own orbit with respect to the center of the earth. Each GPS satellite continuously broadcasts its position relative to the center of the earth and the time relative to the reference time.

  GPS satellites are well known for allowing users to locate their position on or near the earth with a GPS receiver. Such systems are commonly used for navigation in many different areas, such as aviation, voyage, car driving and the like. The GPS satellite constellation 24 includes sufficient GPS satellites, which are preferably spaced apart such that the four GPS satellites are above the horizon when viewed from any point on the earth. A device with a GPS receiver can determine the position's longitude, latitude, and altitude relative to the center of the earth from position data and time data from four GPS satellites. When location data and time data are received from three GPS satellites, the device can determine the longitude and latitude of the location. The device can also determine its speed from its position data and time data.

  One public GPS satellite constellation is the NAVSTAR GPS satellite constellation developed by the US Department of Defense. The NAVSTAR GPS satellite constellation includes 27 GPS satellites (24 in service, 3 in reserve) in orbit at approximately 19,300 km (12,000 miles). GPS satellites are distributed over six surfaces, with at least four GPS satellites on each surface. Activation is always defined so that at least four GPS satellites are on the horizon everywhere on earth. The GPS satellite constellation 24 is preferably a NAVSTAR GPS satellite constellation. However, the tracking system 10 works well with any other public GPS satellite constellation, such as the GLONASS satellite constellation maintained by the Russian Federation or the Galileo satellite constellation introduced by European countries. To do. The GPS satellite constellation 24 may be a personal satellite system.

  Asset 16 is preferably a movable asset such as an aircraft. However, the tracker tag 12 can be attached to any type of asset for which tracking information is desired. For example, trucks, vans, automobiles, cargo containers, trailers, buses, trains, locomotives, rail cars, and ships. The tracker tag 12 is attached to the asset 16 so that the sky is normally located on the line of sight from the tracker tag. The tracker tag 12 is preferably removably attached to the highest point on the outer top side of the asset 16. However, any point where at least three or four GPS satellites are on line of sight is suitable. If altitude tracking information is required, access to at least four GPS satellites is required. The tracker tag 12 is preferably located on the asset 16 so that an operator, crew, or passenger cannot access the tracker tag 12 during normal movement of the asset. This prevents terrorists and other enemies from removing or disabling the tracker tag 12. Preferably, the tracker tag 12 is independently powered and electrically isolated from the assets and does not require manual intervention during normal operation of the tracking system 10. This feature can also prevent terrorists and other enemies from invalidating the tracker tag 12. However, in the alternative, the tracker tag 12 may interface with an asset and / or a transport vehicle associated with the asset. This interface is adapted to receive information from the sensor of the asset / vehicle and / or to control certain situations in operation with respect to the asset and / or vehicle. For example, the tracker tag 12 can disable or shut down operation of the asset and / or vehicle.

  The tracker tag 12 selectively receives wireless communications broadcast by the GPS satellite constellation 24 as long as the sky is on line of sight. The wireless communication includes position data and time data that are constantly broadcast by each of a plurality of GPS satellites 240 (FIG. 3) that are in line of sight of the tracker tag 12. The tracker tag 12 combines position data and time data from each of a plurality of GPS satellites to form combined position and time data. The tracker tag 12 communicates with the tracking information server 14 via the data communication network 18 and selectively transmits the position / time combination data to the tracking information server 14. Preferably, with respect to the data communication network 18 and the tracking information server 14, the tracker tag 12 is a thin client using the TCP / IP protocol.

  The tracker tag 12 determines whether to receive position data and time data based on command and control information from the tracking information server 14. Similarly, the tracker tag 12 determines whether to send position / time combination data based on command and control information from the tracking information server 14. In addition, the tracker tag 12 can include pre-programmed instructions for determining whether to receive position and time, and one or more on-board sensors. Similarly, tracker tag 12 may include pre-programmed instructions for determining whether to send combined position and time data (position / time combination data) and on-board sensors. it can. In addition, the tracker tag 12 may use one or more asset / vehicle sensors with pre-programmed instructions to determine whether to send location / time combination data. The tracker tag 12 receives position data and time data, stores position / time combination data for later transmission. If on-board sensors are implemented, the tracker tag 12 can also store sensor data associated with the on-board sensors along with the position / time combination data. Sensor data can also be included in subsequent transmissions of position / time combination data.

  The tracker tag 12 can include an algorithm that resolves position and time data for its own position relative to the center of the earth. Depending on the type of tracking information desired, the algorithm can be XYZ data (requiring position and time data from at least 4 GPS satellites) representing latitude, longitude, and altitude in a trilateral manner, or XY data representing latitude and longitude (requiring position data and time data from at least three GPS satellites) is generated. Time data associated with XYZ data or XY data is also generated. The resolution of the resolving algorithm is about 457.2 mm (18 inches) in latitude (X), about 457.2 mm (18 inches) in longitude (Y), and about 457.2 mm (18) in altitude (Z). Inch). If the resolution algorithm is implemented in the tracker tag 12, the position / time combination data includes XYZ data or XY data and associated time data. In general, the resolution algorithm reduces the amount of data sent to the tracking information server. The tracker tag 12 can include a data compression process to further reduce the amount of time required for data transmission. The tracker tag 12 may include an encryption process and a decryption process for secure communication with the tracking information server 14. As another alternative, tracker tag 12 may include an encryption process to secure the transmission of location / time combination data. This can prevent terrorists and other enemies from using the location / time combination data to locate or target the asset.

  Communication between the tracker tag 12 and the asset 16 or vehicle associated with the asset is optional and may be wired or wireless. Communication between the tracker tag 12 and the data communication network 18 is wireless. The communication between the tracking information server 14 and the data communication network 18 is preferably by wiring. However, this communication can be wireless. The data communication network 18 can be implemented with any combination of wireless and wired communication technologies suitable for communication between the tracker tag and the tracking information server 14. The data communication network 18 can be a public network, a private network, or any combination of public and private networks.

  For example, the data communication network 18 may include any combination of one or more of a data communication satellite system, a terrestrial telephone system, a cable television system, a computer network, and other suitable data communication networks. The data communication satellite system may include a satellite telephone system or a private satellite network. The satellite phone system may be an Iridium satellite system, Globalstar satellite system, Orbcomm satellite system, Inmarsat satellite system, or any other suitable public satellite phone system, etc. Any public satellite telephone system may be used. Terrestrial telephone systems can be public switched telephone networks (PSTN), wideband integrated services digital communications networks (ISDN), digital subscriber lines (DSL), cellular telephone networks, personal communications systems (PCS) networks, or other Any combination of landline or wireless telephone systems can be included, such as any suitable terrestrial telephone network. A computer network can include any combination of a wired local area network (LAN) and a wireless LAN. The computer network is preferably Ethernet (ie, IEEE 802.3 for wired LANs and IEEE 802.11 for wireless LANs). However, any other suitable network communication protocol may be provided, such as token ring, fiber optic distributed data interface (FDDI), ARCNET, and HiperLAN.

  These various communication technologies can be combined in any combination to form a wide area network (WAN) or metropolitan area network (MAN). In particular, wireless communication between the tracker tag 12 and the data communication network may be performed by satellite, cellular telephone, PCS, wireless LAN, or any other suitable wireless technology.

  The tracking information server 14 selectively provides command and control information to the tracker tag 12 and receives position / time combination data from the tracker tag 12. The tracking information server 14 selectively processes the location / time combination data and selectively generates specific tracking information for monitoring the movement of the asset 16. The tracking information server 14 optionally allows authorized users of the monitoring device 22 to access the tracking information via the tracking information network 20. Authorized users include, for example, subscribers, employees appointed to monitor assets, operators / administrators associated with the tracking information server 14, and the like. The tracking information server 14 can also selectively receive command and control information from authorized users of the monitoring device 22. Preferably, the tracking information server 14 is compatible with data communication via the data communication network 18 and the tracking information network 20 in the TCP / IP protocol.

  The tracking information server 14 i) whether to provide command or control information to the tracker tag 12, ii) whether to process location / time combination data, iii) whether to generate tracking information, and What type of tracking information should be generated, iv) whether the user is authorized, v) whether the authorized user can access the tracking information, and vi) the authorized user Programmed instructions for deciding whether to receive command or control information from. Other types of programmed instructions are possible. The programmed instructions can first be configured, edited and / or supplemented by an authorized user of the monitoring device 22. Some programmed instructions are initially configured, edited, and supplemented while tracking system 10 tracks asset 16.

  The command is a tracker tag command, that is, a command for starting reception of position data and time data, a command for starting transmission of position / time combination data, a command for stopping transmission of position / time combination data, and position data. And a command to stop receiving time data. Also, the commands are tracking information server commands, ie, commands that start processing position / time combination data, commands that start the generation of some types of tracking information, and stop the generation of some types of tracking information. And a command for stopping the processing of the position / time combination data. Other types of commands are possible.

  The control information can include a tag profile, a link from the tracker tag to the asset, a link from the asset to the element associated with the asset, and link information associated with the asset or an element of the asset. .

  In general, a tag profile is created to match the type of asset being tracked and the tracking information service that is subscribed to by the subscriber. A tag profile may specify, for example, real-time tracking, tracking that occurs during a particular detected event, periodic tracking, and / or tracking that occurs during a command. In addition, the tag profile may include thresholds associated with detected events, estimated arrival times and / or parameters associated with prediction of travel paths, types of tracking information permitted for monitoring, and permitted tracking. It can include the type of information report. More specifically, tag profiles are i) tracking information and frequency to be monitored, ii) vibration thresholds associated with startup and shutdown, iii) vibration thresholds associated with normal movement, iv) limited May include: area, v) hazardous area, vi) scheduled course, vii) high stress conditions, viii) fuel and fuel consumption information, and ix) reports to be processed and report frequency. Additional information can also be included in the tag profile.

  Typically, the tracker tag 12 includes tracker tag identification data that is incorporated into the communication to the tracking information server 14. In this way, tracking information server 14 identifies position / time combination data, particularly when multiple tracker tags 12 are in communication with tracking information server 14. The link from the tracker tag 12 to the asset 14 allows the tracking information server to associate the location / time combination data with the asset so that the tracking information can reference the asset. For example, tracker tag identification data can be linked to an aircraft tail number. Similarly, position / time combination data can be associated with an element of an asset by additional links from the asset to the element. For example, the element may be an aircraft engine fuel pump. The first link may associate tracker tag identification data with the aircraft tail number and the second link may associate the fuel pump serial number with the aircraft tail number. Further examples of elements include operators, crew members, passengers, asset owners, loading items, operating equipment items, and supporting equipment items. Other types of elements are possible. Multiple elements can be identified and linked to a given asset.

  The link information is descriptive information related to the link. For example, i) asset identification data, ii) asset certification, iii) asset operation information, iv) asset maintenance information, v) element identification data, vi) element certification, vii) element operation information, and viii) element maintenance information. Other types of link information are possible.

  The programmed instructions in the tracking information server 14 or the tracker tag 12 may include any combination of various types of control information. Similarly, commands are typically included in programmed instructions so that they can be communicated automatically when certain events are detected or certain sequences are performed.

  The tracking information server 14 may include an algorithm that resolves the position data and time data of the tracker tag 12 from the raw GPS position data and time data included in the position / time combination data. The resolution algorithm is similar to that described above for the resolution algorithm in the tracker tag 12, XYZ data representing latitude, longitude, and altitude (requires position and time data from at least four GPS satellites), or latitude XY data representing longitude (requiring position data and time data from at least three GPS satellites) is generated. This allows the XYZ data in the tracker tag 12 or the tracking information server 14 to be resolved, depending on selection by the user and / or tracking information service provider. The algorithm also generates time data associated with XYZ data or XY data. If the resolution algorithm is executed by the tracker tag 12, it need not be done again at the tracking information server 14. Conversely, if the resolution algorithm is not executed by the tracker tag 12, the tracking information server 14 must resolve the XYZ data. The tracking information server 14 may include a data decompression process that decompresses the compressed location / time combination data transmission. The tracking information server 14 may include an encryption process and a decryption process for secure communication with the tracker tag 12. As another alternative, the tracking information server 14 may include a decryption process for decrypting the secure location / time combination data transmission.

  The tracking information network 20 can implement any combination of wireless and wired communication technologies suitable for communication between the tracking information server 14 and the monitoring device 22. Preferably, the communication between the tracking information network 20 and the tracking information server 14 and the communication between the tracking information network 20 and the monitoring device 22 are preferably wired. However, either of these communications may be wireless or both may be wireless. Similar to the data communication network 18, the tracking information network 20 can be a public network, a private network, or any combination of public and private networks. Accordingly, the network identified above for the data communication network 18 can also be implemented in the tracking information network 20. In particular, the tracking information network 20 may include the Internet, which is accessible via each of the main communication systems identified above. The tracking information network 20 and the data communication network 18 can be linked together to form a common tracking system network.

  The monitoring device 22 is any type of device suitable for communicating with the tracking information server 14 and displaying tracking information. For example, a personal computer, notebook computer, PDA, wireless PDA, cellular phone, satellite phone, pager, or any other suitable display device. Preferably, the tracking information server 18 provides tracking information via a web server connected to the Internet using suitable security measures. Accordingly, the monitoring device 22 preferably has access to the Internet to receive tracking information and monitor asset movement. However, the public Internet is not necessary for communication between the monitoring device 22 and the tracking information server 14. Other alternatives include communication over a private network or one-to-one dial-up communication over a public network.

  An optional communication path between the tracker tag 12 and the asset 16 or vehicle associated with the asset 16 may be implemented via any suitable wired or wireless communication technology. For example, the tracker tag 12 may include an interface to any type of suitable communication network or communication port associated with the asset 16 or vehicle. For example, the communication network or communication port can be any type of serial or parallel bus (eg, controller area network (CAN) bus, universal serial bus (USB), etc.) or Ethernet (R) (eg, , IEEE802.3 (wired), IEEE802.11 (wireless), etc.) and Bluetooth technology can be implemented.

  Although FIG. 1 shows a tracking system 10 with one tracker tag 12 and one monitoring device 22, the system can be extended to include multiple tracker tags and / or multiple monitoring devices. The use of multiple tracker tags allows a user to monitor multiple assets, such as a group of aircraft or all in-flight aircraft. Use of multiple monitoring devices allows multiple users to monitor assets. For example, a cargo aircraft can be monitored by various users, aircraft owners, aircraft fuel pump manufacturers, shipping companies, and government supervisors associated with the cargo. Of course, the use of both multiple tracker tags and multiple monitoring devices provides further scenario combinations.

  Preferably, the tracking information server 14 is stored in one facility. However, it may be distributed among a plurality of facilities and networked with each other. Preferably, the tracking information server 14 is a ground system. However, other types of platforms are possible, such as airborne platforms, ship platforms and the like.

  Referring to FIG. 2, an embodiment of the global tracking system 26 includes a tracker tag 12, a tracking information server 14, an asset 16, a monitoring device 22, a GPS satellite constellation 24, an iridium satellite constellation 28, an iridium satellite / PSTN gateway 30. , PSTN 32, Iridium satellite / Internet gateway 34, and Internet 36. The tracker tag 12, tracking information server 14, asset 16, monitoring device 22, and GPS satellite constellation 24 are as described with reference to FIG.

  A global implementation of the tracking system 26 is provided by a data communication network 18 (FIG. 1) and a tracking information network 20 (FIG. 1) that provide global coverage (ie, global communications). Data communication network 18 (FIG. 1) is provided by a satellite telephone system and a terrestrial telephone network. As indicated, the preferred satellite telephone system is an iridium telephone system. However, other satellite telephone systems that provide global coverage can be implemented in the global tracking system 26. A preferred terrestrial telephone network is PSTN. However, other types of terrestrial telephone networks can be implemented. More specifically, the data communication network 18 (FIG. 1) is provided by an Iridium satellite constellation 28, an Iridium satellite / PSTN gateway 30, and a PSTN 32.

  In the described embodiment, the tracking information network 20 (FIG. 1) is provided by a satellite telephone system and the Internet 36. As indicated, the preferred satellite telephone system is an iridium telephone system. However, other satellite telephone systems that provide global coverage can be implemented in the global tracking system 26. More specifically, the tracking information network 20 (FIG. 1) is provided by an Iridium satellite constellation 28, an Iridium satellite / Internet gateway 34, and the Internet 36.

  The global coverage of the tracker tag 12 attached to the asset is provided by the Iridium satellite system. Similarly, global access to tracking information at the monitoring device by subscriber / client users is provided by the Iridium satellite system. In an additional embodiment of the global tracking system, if global access is not required, the data communication network 18 provides global coverage, while the tracking information network 20 (FIG. 1) Other communication networks that provide general access or local access can be implemented. Conversely, in another embodiment of a global tracking system, if global tracking is not required, the tracking information network 20 provides global coverage, while the data communication network 18 (FIG. 1) is configured to Other communication networks that provide local tracking can be implemented.

Referring to FIG. 3, the GPS satellite constellation 24 includes a plurality of GPS satellites 240 in orbit around the earth 37.
Referring to FIG. 4, the Iridium satellite constellation 28 includes 66 Iridium satellites 280 in orbit around the Earth 37 in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) with an average altitude of 670 km (420 miles). The Iridium satellite 280 is in six orbital planes, with 11 satellites per orbital plane. Within the Iridium satellite system, the Iridium satellite 280 communicates with Iridium telephones (ie, wireless transceivers or two-way radios) and gateways to landline and wireless telephone systems, and to the Internet. In particular, at the Internet gateway, the Iridium satellite system is an Internet service provider (ISP). Global services for voice, data, and the Internet via the Iridium satellite system are provided by Iridium Satellite LLC.

  Referring to FIG. 5, the altitude of an example orbit of a data communications satellite constellation is shown. The Iridium satellite constellation 28, the Orbcom satellite constellation 40, the teledesic satellite constellation 41, the global star satellite constellation 42, and the sky bridge satellite constellation 43 are in orbit around the earth 37 in LEO. The Concordia satellite constellation 44, the Orblink satellite constellation 45, and the ICO satellite constellation are in orbit in the Earth Orbit (MEO). The NAVSTAR GPS satellite constellation 38 and the Glonus satellite constellation 39 are in orbit around the earth at higher altitudes.

  FIG. 5 shows various orbital altitudes of satellite constellations that can be used in connection with the concepts of this patent application. The use of one or more such satellite systems provides the intended operation as described herein.

  Referring to FIG. 6, in one embodiment of tracking system 10, GPS data flows from GPS satellites 240 to tracker tag 12 on asset 16 (eg, a general aircraft). Data transmission from the tracker tag data is relayed by the Iridium satellite 280 and sent to the Iridium satellite / PSTN gateway 28.

  FIG. 6 specifically focuses on the tracker tag sending data to the Iridium satellite, which sends this information to the ground station, and further illustrates the use of GPS satellites to provide information to the tracker tag. Has been.

  Referring to FIG. 7, one embodiment of the tracker tag 12 includes a power / power conversion module 47, a data communication link 48, and a data collection / processing module 49. The power / power conversion module 47 provides power to the data communication link 48 and the data collection / processing module 49. As a result, the tracker tag 12 can operate independently of the external power source. Data collection / processing module 49 selectively receives position and time data from GPS satellites 240 (FIG. 3) in line of sight of tracker tag 12 and combines the raw GPS position and time data to position / time. Combination data is formed and the position / time combination data is selectively stored. Data collection / processing module 49 selectively communicates position / time combination data to data communication link 48. Data communication link 48 selectively transmits the location / time combination data to tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1) via data communication network 18 (FIG. 1). The data communication link 48 also receives command and control information from the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1).

  In the described embodiment, the power / power conversion module 47 includes a power supply 50, a backup battery 52, a power distribution module 54, and a battery charger 56. The power supply 50 provides power to the power distribution module 54. The power source 50 may include any combination of piezoelectric power generator, solar concentrator panel 86 (FIG. 8), primary battery, and other types of suitable power sources. The power distribution module 54 adjusts the power so that suitable power is provided to the various components of the tracker tag 12. The power distribution module 54 distributes power to the battery charger 56, the data communication link 48, and the data collection / processing module 49. The battery charger 56 selectively applies charging current to the backup battery 52. For example, when the power from the power source is low, the battery charger 56 may not apply a charging current. The backup battery 52 selectively provides power to the power distribution module 54. For example, the backup battery 52 may not provide power to the power distribution module 54 if the power from the power source is adequate.

  In the described embodiment, the data communication link 48 includes an RF antenna 58, a radio transceiver 60, and an encryption / decryption process 62. The radio transceiver 60 and the RF antenna 58 selectively transmit the position / time combination data to the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1) via the data communication network 18 (FIG. 1). Further, the RF antenna 58 and the wireless transceiver 60 receive commands and control information from the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1). The encryption / decryption process 62 is optional and can encrypt and / or decrypt any type of communication transmitted or received by the tracker tag 12. The encryption / decryption process 62 can encrypt all communications to the tracking information server 14 and decrypt all communications from the tracking information server 14. Alternatively, the encryption / decryption process 62 can be limited to encryption of the location / time combination data transmitted to the tracking information server 14.

  In the described embodiment, the data collection / processing module 49 includes a GPS antenna 64, a GPS receiver 65, an environmental sensor 66, a controller 67, and a controller 68. The GPS antenna 64 and the GPS receiver 65 selectively receive position data and time data from a GPS satellite 240 (FIG. 3) within the line of sight of the tracker tag 12. Controller 68 combines raw GPS position data and time data to form position / time combination data, and selectively stores the position / time combination data. Controller 68 selectively communicates position / time combination data to data communication link 48.

  The environmental sensor 66 is optional. If implemented, the environmental sensor 66 may include one or more accelerometers. If the environmental sensor 66 includes, for example, an accelerometer, the environmental sensor 66 senses vibration and provides vibration measurements to the controller 68. The controller detects various types of events by comparing the vibration measurements with predetermined thresholds. For example, using vibration measurements, the controller may: i) start a power plant associated with asset 16 (FIG. 1), ii) shut down the power plant, iii) start asset movement, iv) pause asset movement. V) an excessive increase in the acceleration of the asset, vi) an excessive decrease in the acceleration of the asset. Typically, the controller 68 selectively stores detected event data along with associated position / time combination data, and when the position / time combination data is subsequently transmitted, Event data can be included. The environmental sensor 66 can also sense other types of environmental conditions. For example, the environmental sensor may include one or more temperature sensors, one or more strain gauges, and one or more other types of environmental sensors, such as voltage, pressure, electric field (e-field), other quantifiable parameters, etc. It may also include a sensor that senses. The environmental sensor 66 represents one arbitrary type of sensor or a combination of multiple types of sensors.

  The controller 68 can use any sensor that detects the event and then changes the operation of the tracker tag 12. Similarly, the controller 68 can use the position / time combination data from the GPS satellites 240, using that data to detect events associated with time and / or position, and then modify the tracker tag's operation. . Further, when location / time combination data is sent to the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1), the transmission can include sensor data from any sensor associated with the tracker tag 12, and in particular, Detected event data associated with sensor data or position / time combination data may be included.

  The controller 68 uses the detected event to determine whether the tracker tag 12 should start receiving position data and time data, whether to start storing position / time combination data, and position / time combination data. It can be determined whether or not to start transmission. For example, the controller 68 causes the tracker tag 12 to start receiving position and time data and storing position / time combination data when the aircraft takes off, and to start transmitting position / time combination data when the aircraft starts moving. Stop transmission after a predetermined time, resume transmission when the aircraft encounters turbulence, stop transmission again after a predetermined time, and position data and when the aircraft stops moving The reception of time data can be stopped, transmission can be resumed when the aircraft stops moving, and transmission can be stopped when all stored location / time data has been transmitted.

  The controller 67 is optional and provides manual activation and shutdown of the tracker tag 12. The controller 67 can be any type of switch or control suitable for the intended purpose. The control device 67 communicates with the controller 68 and the power / power conversion module 47. When the controller 67 is activated, the power supply 50 is enabled and the controller 68 initiates a power-up sequence in sequence. When shutdown is initiated, the controller 68 initiates a shutdown sequence in sequence and disables the power supply 50 when appropriate.

  In the described embodiment, the controller 68 includes a processor 70, a storage device 72, and an auxiliary input / output (I / O) port 74. The processor 70 communicates with the GPS receiver 65, environment sensor 66, control device 67, storage device 72, auxiliary I / O port 74, and data communication link 48. Storage device 72 includes data buffer 76, tracker tag identification data 78, and tag profile 79. The processor 70 receives position data and time data from the GPS receiver 65. The processor 70 combines raw GPS position data and time data to form position / time combination data, and selectively stores the position / time combination data in the data buffer 76. The processor 70 selectively communicates position / time combination data from the data buffer 76 to the data communication link 48.

  The processor 70 may include the solving algorithm described above with reference to FIG. With the solving algorithm, processor 70 temporarily stores the position / time combination data while generating XYZ data or XY data and associated time data. As XYZ or XY data and associated time data are generated, they are stored in the data buffer 76 and the corresponding raw GPS position data and time data are purged. The position / time combination data communicated to the data communication link 48 includes XYZ data or XY data and associated time data instead of raw GPS position data and time data.

  If the environmental sensor 66 is implemented, the processor 70 may measure vibrations with the vibration sensors described above and / or other types of measurements with various other types of sensors (ie, temperature, strain, voltage, pressure, electric field). Detect events related to. The processor 70 can use XYZ data or XY data to detect yet another event related to the location of the asset. The processor 70 compares the XYZ data or XY data with a predetermined XYZ coordinate or XY coordinate limit to detect a number of events. For example, processor 70 may determine that an asset is i) near a restricted area, ii) within a restricted area, iii) near a dangerous area, iv) within a dangerous area, v) at an intermediate point. Sometimes vi) when at destination, vii) out of course, viii) close to high stress state, ix) when experiencing high stress state, x) excessively low altitude Sometimes it can be detected when xi) the altitude is rising too high, xii) when it encounters an unexpected stop or significant deceleration, or xiii) when it exceeds the speed limit. Still other types of detection events are possible.

  Typically, processor 70 selectively stores detected event data along with associated position / time combination data. Like a detection event related to vibration, the processor 70 uses any detection event related to position and time to determine whether the tracker tag 12 should start receiving position and time data, position / time. It can be determined whether combination data is to be stored and whether position / time combination data is to be transmitted. In addition, any type of detected event can be included in the tracking information provided to the subscriber / client user at the monitoring device 22 (FIG. 1).

  The processor 70 receives commands and control information from the data communication link 48. In one embodiment, processor 70 logs into a messaging system (eg, an email system such as a point-of-presence 3 (POP3) email server, a text messaging system, etc.) Receive command and control information by retrieving a message to the address associated with tag 12. In this embodiment, the command and control information is included in the message from the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1). The message is made by an authorized user of the monitoring device 22 (FIG. 1). The messaging system may be in the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1) or through an independent email service provider. The information stored in the tag profile 79 can be predetermined and provided with control information. Alternatively, tag profile 79 may be predetermined and permanently resident in storage device 72. In another alternative, the tag profile 70 or some information in the tag profile 70 can be configured and / or edited during operation of the tracker tag 12.

  The processor 70 manages data communication to the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1) by controlling when position / time combination data is communicated from the data buffer 76 to the communication link 48. Typically, processor 70 controls data communication in a burst manner by waiting for a group of position / time combination data to be stored in data buffer 76. This may be based on commands, control information, and / or tag profile 79. The processor 70 encodes each transmission burst with the tracker tag identification data 78 so that the tracking information server 14 can associate the transmitted data with the appropriate tracker tag 12. Event data is typically stored in data buffer 76. The transmission burst can also include event data associated with the position / time combination data included in the burst.

  In one embodiment, the processor controls the timing between transmission bursts to maintain a virtual private network (VPN) connection via a public data communication system within the data communication network 18 (FIG. 1). For example, the public data communication system can be an Iridium satellite system, a similar satellite system, or any type of wireless telephone system that provides VPN. The processor 70 can control the timing between transmission bursts so that the tracking system 10 (FIG. 1) can provide real-time tracking information. Alternatively, the processor 70 can control timing to minimize transmission time over the data communications network. Accordingly, communication costs of the public telephone network and other carriers that charge a fee for the connection time are minimized. As another alternative, the processor 70 can delay the transmission burst until a transmission start command is received via the data communication network. Typically, processor 70 maintains the position / time combination data in the data buffer associated with each transmission burst until a notification of receipt of the transmission burst is received via data communications network 18 (FIG. 1).

  The auxiliary I / O port 74 is optional and provides a port for directly connecting a computing device to the tracker tag 12. For example, tracker tags can be maintained or position / time combination data can be downloaded from the data buffer 76 using a computer device. The computer device can be a personal computer, notebook computer, PDA, or similar device.

  With reference to FIGS. 8-10, one embodiment of the tracker tag 12 has a teardrop-shaped housing 80. The housing 80 includes two air movement power / fan tubes 82 and a power airflow lever 84 inside a portion of the tube. The sunlight collecting panel 86 is fixed to the upper part of the housing 80. The power airflow lever 84 and the solar light collecting panel 86 generate electric power and serve as an auxiliary power source (FIG. 50) (FIG. 7). The airflow 90 perpendicular to the front edge 88 of the tracker tag 12 activates the power airflow lever 84 to generate power. The sunlight condensing panel 86 generates electric power from light.

  Referring to FIG. 9, in the described embodiment, the power / power conversion module 47, the data communication link 48, and the data collection / processing module 49 are shown with the top of the housing 80 removed.

  8 and 9 illustrate one embodiment of a tracker tag according to the concepts of the present invention. As described above, since the tracker tag is independent from the power source of the aircraft, ground vehicle, or ship as a whole, various power generation mechanisms are provided to the tracker tag itself. For example, the tracker tag 12 includes airflow technology having an air kinetic power / fan tube 82 and a power airflow lever 84. As airflow 90 enters the tube, power is generated. As an additional power source, a solar collector panel 86 is also provided for the tracker tag. A backup battery 52 (FIG. 7) is interconnected with the power / power conversion module 47 (FIG. 7) in the tracker tag 12 to ensure constant operation of the tracker tag. The battery can be selectively recharged by one of the alternative power sources. In order to provide communications, such as via the Internet, from a tracker tag on an aircraft, ground vehicle, or ship to a tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1) or other suitable location, the tracking system is a multi-directional transmit / receive antenna. And a wireless GPS receiver and RF bi-directional radio system package. It should also be noted that this embodiment forms a tracker tag 12 with a low profile tear-shaped design to reduce wind resistance.

Referring to FIG. 10, in the described embodiment, the aerodynamic features of the teardrop shaped housing 80 are shown in a side view. As shown, the leading edge 88 is on the left side.
FIG. 10 shows the side of the tracker tag 12 placed on the fuselage of the airplane. A larger overview showing the attachment of the tracker tag 12 to the aircraft is also shown in FIG. As can be seen from these figures, the truck tag 12 may be physically and electrically isolated from the aircraft internal system. This always ensures tracker tag independence.

  It should be further noted that although this embodiment shows the tracker tag in a small teardrop shape, other aerodynamic designs are also suitable. In addition, power generation is shown as air mount power fan tubes and solar concentrator panels and backup batteries, but other forms of energy generation mechanisms are implemented. Please understand that you can. For example, without limitation, the reliability of the tracker tag 12 can be achieved using gel cells, fuel cells, hydrogen batteries, turbine technology, fly wheel technology, and other power generation configurations. It is possible to guarantee an operation that can be performed. Furthermore, the tracker tag 12 can be attached to a ground vehicle or a ship.

  Referring to FIG. 11, one embodiment of the tracking information server 14 includes a system controller 92, a messaging system 93, a communication link 94, a data warehouse 96, a web server 98, a file server 100, and a client communication interface. 102. Communication link 94 selectively provides command and control information to tracker tag 12 (FIG. 1) and receives position / time combination data from tracker tag 12. Data warehouse 96 selectively processes the position / time combination data to form tag data, asset data, and / or element data. Messaging system 93 is optional and may include at least one of an email messaging system, a text messaging system, and a paging system.

  Web server 98 includes a set of web pages that display tracking information. Web server 98, together with a data warehouse 96 that mines tag data, asset data, and / or element data, monitors one or more web pages for movement of assets 16 (FIG. 1). Selectively fill with tracking information for. Web server 98, in conjunction with client communication interface 102, allows tracking information to be selectively accessed by authorized users of monitoring device 22 (FIG. 1) via tracking information network 20 (FIG. 1).

  The data warehouse 96 may also process tag data, asset data, and / or element data into tag reports, asset reports, and / or element reports. When report processing is performed, tag reports, asset reports, and / or element reports are stored in the file server 100. Web server 98, together with file server 100 and client communication interface 102, provides tag reports, asset reports, and / or element reports via monitoring information network 20 (FIG. 1) to monitoring device 22 (FIG. 1). ) To allow selective access by authorized users.

  Web server 98, together with client communication interface 102, selectively receives links between tracker tag identification data and assets and associated link information from authorized users of monitoring device 22 (FIG. 1). be able to. Similarly, web server 98 can selectively receive links and associated link information between an asset and elements associated with that asset from authorized users. Data warehouse 96 stores the links and link information collected by web server 98 for use in generating asset data and element data.

  The system controller 92 provides overall control of the tracking information server 14 and, together with the communication link 94, provides control of the tracker tag 12. The overall control can be based on programmed instructions in the tag profile. The programmed instructions in the tag profile are stored in the system controller 92. The programmed instructions include command and control information. The tag profile includes control information as described above. The system controller 92, together with the client communication interface 102, selectively receives command and control information from an authorized user of the monitoring device 22 (FIG. 1) to configure programmed instructions and / or tag profiles. Edit and / or edit.

  In the described embodiment, the system controller 92 includes a command and control module 103 and a tag profile 104. Command and control module 103 processes programmed instructions for overall control of tracking information server 14 and, together with communication link 94 and data communication network 18 (FIG. 1), communicates command and control information. By doing so, the control processing of the tracker tag 12 (FIG. 1) is performed. Some parts of the overall control may be based on the tag profile 104. Information stored in the tag profile 104 can be predetermined and provided in the control information. Alternatively, the tag profile 104 can be predetermined and permanently resident. In another alternative, the tag profile 104, or some information in the tag profile 104, is configured and / or edited during operation of the tracking information server 14 and associated tracker tag 12 (FIG. 1). Can do.

  Command and control module 103 can package command and control information into programmed instructions for tag profiles, some of which are authorized by monitoring device 22 (FIG. 1). Command and control information provided by a designated user, the packaging of which is a messaging system 93 (eg, an email system) to an email address associated with the tracker tag 12 (FIG. 1). E-mail messages communicated via a text messaging system, etc.). The message can be stored in a messaging system 93 in the tracking information server 14 so that it can be retrieved by the tracker tag 12 (FIG. 1). Alternatively, the message can be retrieved from an independent message service provider via a tracker tag 12 (FIG. 1), such as an independent message service provider (eg, email service provider, text message Service provider, etc.).

  In the described embodiment, the communication link 94 includes an RF antenna 105, a radio transceiver 106, and an encryption / decryption process 108. The RF antenna 105 and wireless transceiver 106 selectively receive position / time combination data from the tracker tag 12 (FIG. 1) via the data communication network 18 (FIG. 1). Further, the radio transceiver 106 and the RF antenna 105 transmit commands and control information to the tracker tag 12 (FIG. 1). The encryption / decryption process 108 is optional and can encrypt and / or decrypt any type of communication sent or received by the tracking information server 14. The encryption / decryption process 108 can encrypt all communications to the tracker tag 12 and decrypt all communications from the tracker tag 12. Alternatively, the encryption / decryption process 108 can be limited to decryption of position / time combination data received from the tracker tag 12.

  In the described embodiment, the data warehouse 96 includes a location / time combination storage area 110, a tag / asset / element link table 112, a data processor 114, a tag data storage area 116, an asset data storage area 118, And an element data storage area 120, a data mining process 122, and a report processor 124. The position / time combination storage area 110 receives position / time combination data from the tracker tag (FIG. 1) via the communication link 94.

  The tag / asset / link table 112 stores links and link information collected by the web server 98. The link from the tracker tag 12 to the asset 14 allows the data processor 114 to associate the position / time combination data with the asset and thus generate the asset data. Similarly, a link from asset 14 to an element of an asset allows data processor 114 to associate position / time combination data with the element and thus generate element data. Link information is descriptive information that can be associated with an asset or element. The link information is accessible from the report processor during asset and element data generation.

  The data processor 114 may include a data decompression process that decompresses the compressed position / time combination data transmission. If the position / time combination data does not include XYZ data or XY data, the tracking information server 14 obtains the position data of the associated tracker tag 12 from the raw GPS position data and time data described with reference to FIG. And algorithms to resolve time data. When the solver algorithm is executed on the track tag 12, as described above, the algorithm is XYZ data representing latitude, longitude, and altitude (requires position and time data from at least four GPS satellites), Alternatively, XY data representing latitude and longitude (requiring position data and time data from at least three GPS satellites) is generated. The algorithm also generates time data associated with the XYZ data or XY data.

  The data processor 114 can use XYZ data or XY data to detect events related to the location of the asset, whether or not to calculate XYZ data or XY data. The data processor 114 detects some events by comparing the XYZ data or XY data to a predetermined XYZ or XY coordinate limit. The types of events that can be detected by the data processor 114 based on location include the same examples as listed above for the tracker tag 12. Of course, further types of detection events are possible. Typically, the detected event is communicated to the system controller 92 so that the system controller 92 can communicate a suitable command in response to the detected event. Typically, the data processor 114 selectively stores data for detected events along with associated position / time combination data.

  The data processor 114 determines the location / time based on control information from the controller (ie, programmed instructions in the tag profile 104), links from the tag / asset / element link table, and detected events. The combination data, detected event data, and link information are selectively processed to form tag data, asset data, and / or element data. Tag data is stored in the tag data storage area 116. Asset data is stored in the asset data storage area 118. Element data is stored in the element data storage area 120. The data mining process 122 mines tag data, asset data, and / or element data based on data requested by the web server 98 to fill one or more web pages with tracking information. .

  Report processor 124 is optional. When report processing is performed, the report processor 124 selectively processes tag data into tag reports, asset data into asset reports, and element data into element reports. Report processor 124 communicates to file server 100 to store tag reports, asset reports, and element reports. For example, a tag report may include i) raw GPS location data and time data, ii) XYZ location data and time data, and iii) detected event data. Other types of tag reports are possible. For example, asset report types are: i) asset log, ii) operation log, iii) operator log, iv) location and time in restricted area, v) location and time in danger area, vi) off-track Location and time, v) location and time under high stress conditions, vi) location and time of unexpected stops. Other types of asset reports are possible. For example, the types of element reports are i) element log, ii) operation log, iii) operator log, iv) position and time in restricted area, v) position and time in danger area, vi) course Location and time outside, v) location and time under high stress conditions, vi) location and time of unexpected stops. Other types of element reports are possible.

  In particular, if the asset is an aircraft, the asset log available from the tracking information server 14 can be adjusted to replace the conventional aircraft log. Similarly, the operation log can be adjusted to exchange with a conventional flight operation log, and the operator log can be adjusted to exchange with a conventional pilot log. Another aircraft report may reveal the number of hours that an aircraft was above 4.27 km (14,000 feet) or was pressurized. Further, if the element is an aircraft engine fuel pump, the position and time in the high stress condition report can reveal the total number of hours that the engine has been exposed to high pressure conditions. Another fuel pump report may reveal takeoff and / or landing and related conditions.

  In the described embodiment, the web server 98 includes a data applet 126, a map applet 128, a map storage area 130, a tracking information module 132, a tag / asset / element link input / edit module 134. The tracking information module 132 includes a set of web pages. The tracking information module 132 is the monitoring device 22 (FIG. 1) via the web page, and the selection of client users presented via one or more web pages to authorized client users and Provide tracking information upon request.

  Map applet 128 and data applet 126 are web-based programs that respond to selections and requests by authorized client users. Typically, the tracking information module 132 is via a map retrieved from the map storage area 130, supplemental graphics superimposed on the map by the map applet 128, and supplemental text provided by the data applet 126. Indicates tracking information. The map can be any map suitable for the type of asset to be tracked. For example, the map storage area 130 may include one or more of a road map 136, an aerial map 138, a water map 140, a rail map 142, and a three-dimensional (3D) environment. . Other types of maps can also be provided.

  The map applet 128 by default provides an aerial map 138 on the appropriate web page so that the aircraft can be tracked. The web page allows the client user to select a different map. When the client user selects a different map, the map applet 128 changes the web page to display the selected map. Similarly, the data applet 126 can retrieve any tag data, assets, and / or element data from the data warehouse 96 and provide it by default to a given web page. The web page allows the client user to select additional or different tracking information. In that case, the data applet 126 responds accordingly to client user selections and requests.

  Along with map and text location and time tracking information, the data applet 126 retrieves XYZ or XY location and time data from the data warehouse 96. XYZ or XY position data is provided to the map applet 128 and the tracking information module 132. The map applet 128 generates an icon representing the XYZ or XY position on the map and overlays it on the map display provided to the tracking information module 132. Several types of assets can be represented symbolically using multiple types of icons and colors, blinking, and other suitable attributes of the icons. Of course, many other features that can be incorporated into a web page can also be implemented to provide tracking information.

  FIG. 12 shows an example of a map in which several types of icons are superimposed. Although FIG. 12 does not include text information, the XYZ or XY position and time can be superimposed on a suitable position on the map. In addition, icons and data for additional assets can be superimposed on the map, for example to track a group of aircraft or all in-flight aircraft. The tracking information module 132 typically allows panning and zooming of the map display, which allows the client user to adjust the display to specific preferences.

  Web server 98 typically includes one or more web pages that allow authorized users to configure links and link information. The tag link input / edit module 134 operates in conjunction with one or more web pages to collect links and link information and communicate it to the data warehouse 96. Web server 98 also typically includes a web page that allows an authorized user to configure tag profile 104.

  Within a set of web pages, a client user can typically access text information that provides an audit trail of specific tags, assets, and / or elements. In particular, the concept of linking assets to tracker tags and linking elements to assets has the advantage of accumulating historical data for assets and elements linked across different tracker tags and different assets. For example, if a tracker tag on an aircraft is exchanged for any reason, the link between the asset and the tracker tag is updated, and the aircraft asset data includes the data provided by the first tracker tag and Contains data provided by the new tracker tag. Thus, aircraft historical tracking information and reports can be comprehensive. Similarly, if a fuel pump for an aircraft engine happens to be removed from one aircraft and attached to another aircraft, the fuel pump element data will be as long as the link between the element and the asset is updated. It is comprehensive.

  In the described embodiment, the file server 100 includes a tag report storage area 144, an asset report storage area 146, an element report storage area 148, and a file transfer module 150. File transfer module 150 retrieves the tag report, asset report, and / or element report from storage in response to a report request from web server 98. Typically this is in response to a selection or request from a client user via a web page.

  In the described embodiment, the client communication interface 102 includes a network interface 152, an Internet interface 154, an unsecured area 156, and a security check 158. The network interface 152 provides a standard interface to the communication network in the tracking information network. For example, the network interface 152 may connect to a LAN, wireless LAN, terrestrial telephone network, satellite system, or any other suitable communication network. Internet interface 154 provides any type of standard interface to the Internet. Other suitable interfaces to the tracking information server 14 are possible. The monitoring device 22 is preferably accessible to the tracking information server via the Internet interface 154.

  Unsecured area 156 does not provide tracking information. This area requires the client user to perform a login sequence. Once login information is provided to security check 158, the client user can enter a web server to monitor tracking information, configure tag profile 104, or link and link information. It is determined whether or not configuration is permitted. The unsecured area 156 may be web based and may include information describing the tracking system and / or tracking service.

  Referring to FIG. 12, an example of a portion of the display of the audit device 22 (FIG. 1) shows a road map 162. The aircraft departs Chicago 164, Illinois and arrives at Jamestown 166, New York. The tracking information 168 is shown by a series of arrows pointing from Chicago to Jamestown.

  FIG. 12 shows a map showing a portion of the United States. In the map, the arrow from Chicago to Jamestown, NY shows a route that is visually shown to users with access to the tracking system. Thus, the user can always track the flight of the target or the progress of the ground vehicle. It is also possible to provide such a map that tracks the ship.

  Referring to FIG. 13, one embodiment of the area tracking system 170 includes a tracker tag 12, a tracking information server 14, an asset 16, a monitoring device 22, a GPS satellite constellation 24, a PSTN 32, the Internet 36, a cellular telephone network 172, a cellular A telephone / PSTN gateway 174 is included. The tracker tag 12, the tracking information server 14, the asset 16, the monitoring device 22, and the GPS satellite constellation 24 are as described with reference to FIG.

  The regional implementation of the tracking system 170 is provided by a data communication network 18 (FIG. 1) and a tracking information network 20 (FIG. 1) that provide regional coverage (ie, regional communications). The data communication network 18 (FIG. 1) is provided by a wireless terrestrial telephone system and a landline terrestrial telephone network. A preferred wireless terrestrial telephone system is a cellular telephone system. However, other wireless terrestrial telephone systems that provide regional coverage can also be implemented. A preferred terrestrial telephone network is PSTN. However, other types of terrestrial telephone networks can be implemented. More specifically, data communication network 18 (FIG. 1) is provided by cellular telephone network 172, cellular telephone / PSTN gateway 174, and PSTN 32.

  In the described embodiment, the tracking information network 20 (FIG. 1) is provided by a land phone system and the Internet 36. As shown, the preferred terrestrial telephone system is a landline telephone system. However, other landline telephone systems that provide regional coverage may be implemented in the regional tracking system 170. More specifically, the tracking information network 20 (FIG. 1) is provided by the PSTN 32 and the Internet 36.

  Referring to FIG. 14, one embodiment of a local tracking system 176 includes a tracker tag 12, a tracking information server 14, an asset 16, a monitoring device 22, a GPS satellite constellation 24, a wireless LAN 178, a wireless LAN / LAN hub 180, and LAN 182 is included. The tracker tag 12, the tracking information server 14, the asset 16, the monitoring device 22, and the GPS satellite constellation 24 are as described with reference to FIG.

  Local implementation of the tracking system 170 is provided by a data communication network 18 (FIG. 1) and a tracking information network 20 (FIG. 1) that provide local coverage (ie, local communications). The data communication network 18 (FIG. 1) is provided by a wireless LAN 178, a wireless / wired LAN hub 180, and a wired LAN 182. However, other local networks suitable for handling wireless data communication are possible. The tracking information network 20 (FIG. 1) is provided by a wired LAN 182. However, other local networks suitable for handling data communication are possible.

  In one embodiment of the invention, tracker tag 12 (FIG. 1) includes a two-way radio and is operatively associated with an aircraft. The tracker tag receives data transmissions from GPS satellites. The position of the aircraft can be determined from GPS data. In addition, the tracker tag has the capability of transmitting data and / or receiving commands to / from the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1) that transmits and receives wireless signals at least in part via the Iridium satellite system. The tracker tag is preferably attached to the high side of the aircraft wing or fuselage. For other types of transportation such as cars, trucks, ships, trains, etc., the tracker tag is preferably mounted on the high side of such vehicles and ships so that the sky is on line of sight. The tracker tag receives GPS data from a GPS satellite orbiting in a high earth orbit and determines the position of the tracker tag in XYZ coordinates (X is latitude, Y is longitude, and Z is altitude).

  In addition, the tracker tag is a pre-programmed task that communicates the position of the tracker tag to another orbiting satellite such as the Iridium satellite group orbiting in a low earth orbit. Includes a wireless transmitter and a wireless receiver capable of transmitting. In essence, a system that supports tracker tags and functions receives a query ping from the ground (ie, tracking system server 14 (FIG. 1)), causes the tracker tag to receive a ping, XYZ position is reported in real time by triggering a character string to be transmitted to the communication satellite system. Responsive to repeated pings, it responds with a highly accurate repeated XYZ position of approximately 457.2 mm (18 inches). If the programmed task is to constantly report the position, the tracker tag will report the position of the tracker tag continuously in the programmed order and thus the position of the aircraft, ground vehicle, or ship. .

  These radio signals or data are converted as points representing coordinates that are projected onto the map and chart of the template as an icon representing a particular tracker tag. For example, a tracker tag includes a unique number and identifier of an aircraft, ground vehicle, and / or ship.

  Encryption and data compression techniques provide access to receive “tracker” information for subscribed users and / or authorized entities while maintaining system security. Again, this information is effectively transmitted and received at the desired security level by using widely available and reliable technologies such as those used in pagers, cellular phones, PDA computers, and the Internet. can do.

  The tracker tag and support system provides the location of any common aircraft, ground vehicle, or ship around the world as long as the sky is located on the tracker tag line of sight. If the sky is not in view, the “tracker” data reflects the last position where the tracker tag was exposed to the line of sight, such as in front of a hangar where aircraft, ground vehicles, ships are stored, etc. To do. “Tracker” data reflects any real-time arbitrary movement and position of any aircraft, ground vehicle, or vessel that has a “tracker” and support system.

  In one embodiment, tracker tags are placed on all common aircraft prior to takeoff, and the unique number of tracker tags attached to the aircraft allows any flight plan and any flight state associated with the aircraft to be Included in the report.

A tracker tag, when assembled into a system, may contain three main subsystems that provide the ability to track the location and performance of an aircraft, ground vehicle, or ship anywhere in the world. preferable. The subsystem is
1. Power generation and conversion 47 (FIG. 7),
2. Data collection and processing 49 (FIG. 7),
3. Data communication link 48 (FIG. 7),
are categorized.

  The tracker tag shall be small enough to be mounted directly on the top of an aircraft fuselage, ground vehicle, or ship and shall not invade any of these types of transport electrical and / or mechanical systems. . The tracker tag automatically collects and processes all data related to the aircraft, ground vehicle or ship and its operating parameters. A fully integrated GPS receiver 65 (FIG. 7) provides location information so that accurate operational parameters are collected. Data is stored in tracker tags for query via several means. The tracker tag is ready to transfer data at a predetermined maintenance interval by direct contact with the tracking information server, or the data is sent via one of several remote wireless interfaces. Collected in real time. These interfaces allow wide area or local area connections.

  In summary, some of the salient features that are part of the present invention are: Tracker tags differ from conventional technology in their small profile, useful life, power supply (solar and piezoelectric power generation and backup battery), and extreme operation (-40 degrees up to +85 degrees) A device that can be integrated into a larger system because it has the ability to withstand and effectiveness at all altitudes.

  The tracker tag can receive GPS data and respond to and / or report location and other data using paging technology via a communications satellite. Such communications may display the location on a video template such as a map or chart that can be displayed using a standard personal computer, pager device, video display cellular phone, or web-enabled video PDA computer. it can. Currently, the system contemplates using a web site for the purpose of displaying the exact location of the tracker tag anywhere in the world in the XYZ coordinates of the map / chart (however, the tracker (There is a condition that there is a sky "on line of sight" of the tag, and communication (ie, transmission and reception of RF) is not disturbed).

  The tracking system provides a GPS system for communication, an Iridium satellite system, a terrestrial telephone system, and the Internet, and the current “latest” database storage (preferably installed individually, to provide real-time location with the latest technology And commercialized systems) are advantageously and seamlessly integrated. The system allows the user / subscriber to access the exact location in real time using a commonly used personal computer or any data-enabled display device via Internet access.

  Flight data collection techniques for vibration, position, and reporting data stored in real time (or as required by programmed tasks) can also be integrated into the system. For example, vibration data records can be collected and analyzed to make maintenance decisions in order to accumulate empirical data to predict fuel pump condition and reliability. Similarly, tracking tags can integrate GPS technology and environmental sensing technology using an accelerated clock or another type of vibration sensor. In one embodiment, power generation for the GPS, radio transceiver, and other components of the tracker tag provides the desired independence to the system. That is, tracker tags provide real-time communication of several operational / environmental parameters via passive sensing devices on aircraft, ground vehicles, and ships, and also determine the location of aircraft, ground vehicles, or ships. Can be reported. This is because the tracker tag is individually powered and not under the control of an aircraft, ground vehicle or ship, or its operator / crew (ie, staff). Data associated with the tracking system can be displayed on a variety of conventional devices (eg, typical displays on pagers, cellular phones, wireless PDA computers, etc.) and are accessible via the Internet. With a scalable computer architecture and design, the system processes (stores and distributes in a database) all data received (encoded, encrypted, compressed) from multiple tracker tags and allows users / Individually tailored displays can be created for subscriber pagers, cellular phones, and / or PAD computers.

  Referring to FIG. 15, another embodiment of the tracker tag 12 'includes a power / power conversion module 47, a data communication link 48', and a data collection / processing module 49 '. The power / power conversion module 47 operates as described above with reference to FIG. The data collection / processing module 49 ′ selectively receives position and time data from GPS satellites 240 (FIG. 3) that are within line of sight (line of sight) of the tracker tag 12 ′, and raw GPS position data and time. Data processing is generally performed as described with reference to FIG. The data collection / processing module 49 'also selectively communicates position and time combination data to the data communication link 48' as generally described with reference to FIG. The data communication link 48 ′ selectively transmits the location and time combination data to the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1) via the data communication network 18 (FIG. 1), as generally described with reference to FIG. Send. The data communication link 48 also receives command and control information from the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1) as generally described with reference to FIG.

  In the described embodiment, the data communication link 48 ′ includes an RF antenna 58, a radio transceiver 60, an encryption / decryption process 62, and a network processor 63. The RF antenna 58, wireless transceiver 60, and encryption / decryption process 62 operate as described above with reference to FIG. The network processor 63 sends an updated tag profile with the latest programmed instructions from the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1), eg, via an email system (eg, POP3 email server). Communication for receiving is selectively started. Further, the network processor 63 selectively starts communication for transmitting the position and time combination data to the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1). As mentioned above, the position and time combination data can also include sensor data. In addition, the network processor 63 performs paging for an authorized user of the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1) and selectively starts communication for notifying that a specific state has occurred. Can do. In the tracker tag 12 shown in FIG. 7, such functionality can be incorporated into the processor 70 (FIG. 7) of the controller 68 (FIG. 7). In the described embodiment, the network processor 63 is used to control the data communication so that it can be put into a shutdown or sleep state when no data communication is required. This allows the tracker tag 12 'to incorporate further power management functions that conserve power and extend the life of the power supply 50.

  In the described embodiment, the data collection / processing module 49 'includes a GPS antenna 64, a GPS receiver 65, an environmental sensor 66, a controller 67, and a controller 68'. The GPS antenna 64, the GPS receiver 65, the environment sensor 66, and the control device 67 operate as described above with reference to FIG. Controller 68 'receives and processes position, time, and sensor data, as generally described with reference to FIG. Controller 68 'also selectively communicates position and time combination data to data communication link 48', generally as shown in FIG.

  As described above with reference to FIG. 7, the environmental sensor 66 is optional and can include one or more different types of sensors, including vibration sensors, temperature sensors, strain gauges, voltage Sensors, pressure sensors, e-field sensors, and sensors capable of measuring other quantifiable parameters are included. Thus, environmental sensor 66 represents any combination of one or more sensors of any type.

  Any sensor can be used in the controller 68 'to detect an event and subsequently change the operation of the tracker tag 12'. Similarly, the controller 68 'can use position data and / or time data from the GPS satellites 240 to detect events and subsequently change operation. Some types of detected events include state change states, data collection states, and data download states. Further, when position and time combination data is transmitted to the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1), the position and time combination data is stored in the position, time, and sensor of the location related to the detected event since the last data download. Data can be included.

  The controller 68 ′ uses the state change state to wake up (return) or start up (start up) the network processor 63 and use the instructions along with the new tag profile to track information. It can be checked whether it is configured by an authorized user of server 14 (FIG. 1). If a new tag profile is found, it is retrieved by the network processor 63 and communicated to the controller 68 '. Controller 68 'installs the new programmed instructions included in the new tag profile. Controller 68 'then responds to subsequent state changes, data collection, and data download states according to its current programmed instructions. The controller 68 'can use the data collection status to collect and store sensor data, position data, and / or time data in accordance with its current programmed instructions. The controller 68 'uses the data download status to wake up or start up the network processor 63 and uses instructions along with it to track with the data currently stored by the controller 68'. It can be downloaded to the information server 14 (FIG. 1). After communication for data download is established, the controller 68 'communicates the stored data to the network processor 63, which passes it to the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1).

  In the described embodiment, the controller 68 ′ includes a sensor processor 71, a storage device 72, an auxiliary input / output (I / O) port 74, and an asset communication interface 75. Sensor processor 71 communicates with GPS receiver 65, environmental sensor 66, controller 67, storage device 72, auxiliary I / O port 74, asset communication interface 75, and data communication link 48. Storage device 72 includes data buffer 76, tracker tag identification data 78, and tag profile 79 and operates as described above with reference to FIG. The tag profile 79 includes commands and instructions related to state changes, data collection, and data download status, as well as various other events that the tracker tag 12 'is programmed to detect. The auxiliary I / O port 74 operates as described above with reference to FIG. When in the proper data collection state, the sensor processor 71 receives position and time data from the GPS receiver 65 and combines the raw GPS position and time data to form a combined position and time data, The position and time combination data is selectively stored in the data buffer 76. When in the proper data download state, the sensor processor 71 selectively communicates position and time combination data from the data buffer 76 to the data communication link 48.

  The asset communication interface 75 is optional and receives information from one or more asset / transport means sensors to monitor certain environmental and / or operational characteristics and to control one or more asset / transport means. Adapted to send information to and control certain aspects of the operation of the asset and / or vehicle. Information from the asset / vehicle sensor is used to identify the state change state, data collection state, data download state, and other detected events associated with the operation of the tracker tag 12 '. Can be used with tracker tag 12 '. Also, information from the asset / vehicle sensor can be used in the tracker tag 12 'to identify the status of the asset / vehicle control. Similarly, the tracker tag 12 'can use sensor data, location data, and / or time data to identify the state of control of the asset / vehicle. The tracker tag profile 79 includes commands and instructions relating to the state of control of the asset / vehicle, as well as state changes based on events detected by one or more sensors of the asset / vehicle, data collection Contains commands and instructions related to status and status of data download.

  The asset communication interface 75 can implement various wired and / or wireless technologies. The asset communication interface 75, when wired, includes appropriate connectors and interface adapters compatible with the communication protocol for the sensor processor and corresponding devices in the asset / transport. Similarly, when the asset communication interface 75 is wireless, a suitable interface adapter compatible with the communication protocol for the sensor processor and the corresponding device in the asset / vehicle and antenna / transmitter / receiver module. including. Thus, the asset communication interface 75 may be any suitable type including various types of serial or parallel buses (eg, CAN bus, USB, etc.), Ethernet (eg, IEEE 802.3, IEEE 802.11, etc.), and Bluetooth. Types of wired and / or wireless technologies can be implemented.

  The sensor processor 71 may include the resolution algorithm described above with reference to FIG. Using the resolution algorithm, the sensor processor 71 temporarily stores position and time combination data while generating XYZ data or XY data and associated time data. As XYZ or XY data and associated time data are generated, they are stored in the data buffer 76 and the corresponding raw GPS position data and time data are purged. The position and time combination data communicated to the data communication link 48 includes XYZ data or XY data and associated time data instead of raw GPS position data and time data.

  For example, if the environmental sensor 66 is implemented in the form of a vibration sensor or accelerometer, the sensor processor 71 detects an event associated with a vibration measurement by the vibration sensor. In another example, the sensor processor 71 can use XYZ data or XY data to detect further events related to the location of the asset. The sensor processor 71 compares the XYZ data or XY data with a predetermined XYZ or XY coordinate limit identified in the command and control information of the tag profile 79 to compare state changes, data collection, data • Detect specific events such as downloads and asset / transport status. More specifically, the sensor processor 71 determines that the asset is i) near a restricted area, ii) within a restricted area, iii) near a hazardous area, iv) when in an hazardous area , V) when at an intermediate point, vi) at a destination, vii) out of course, viii) near a high stress state, ix) when experiencing a high stress state, x) When it is too low, xi) when the altitude is excessively high, xii) when it encounters an unexpected stop or significant deceleration, or xiii) when it exceeds the speed limit Can be detected. These types of detected events can be specified in the tag profile 79 as state change states, data collection states, data download states, and asset / vehicle control states. Of course, other types of detected events are possible, particularly those relating to environmental sensors 66 (eg vibration, temperature, strain, voltage, pressure, and electric field sensors) and asset / transport sensors. Is possible.

  In summary, the sensor processor 71 detects events specified by programmed instructions within the tag profile 79 to indicate the state change, data collection, and data download status associated with GPS position data and time data. Identify. Further, if one or more environmental sensors 66 are implemented, the sensor processor 71 detects events specified by programmed instructions in the tag profile 79 to detect state changes, data collection, data Identify download status. Similarly, if the asset communication interface 75 is implemented to receive information from one or more asset / vehicle sensors, the sensor processor 71 is designated by programmed instructions in the tag profile 79. Detected events to identify further state change states, data collection states, data download states associated with one or more asset / vehicle sensors. In addition, if the asset communication interface 75 is implemented to send information to the asset / vehicle control device, the sensor processor 71 will receive the event specified by the programmed instruction in the tag profile 79. Detect to identify the status of the asset / transport control associated with one or more environmental sensors 66 and / or one or more asset / transport sensors.

  Typically, the sensor processor 71 selectively selects location, time, and sensor data associated with detected events such as state changes, data collection, data download, and asset / vehicle control status. Store. This storage of detected event data is done along with any location and time combination data used for tracking. Like a detected event related to vibration, the sensor processor 71 uses any detected event related to position and time to determine whether the tracker tag 12 'should start receiving position and time data. And whether to start storing the time combination data and whether to start transmitting the position and time combination data. Further, data associated with any type of detected event can be included in the tracking information provided to the subscriber / client user at the monitoring device 22 (FIG. 1).

  Sensor processor 71 receives commands and control information from network processor 63 of data communication link 48 '. In one embodiment, the network processor 63 logs command and control information reception into an email system (eg, POP3 email server) and sends it to the email address associated with the tracker tag 12 '. This is done by retrieving the email. In this embodiment, the command and control information is included in an email message from the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1). This e-mail message was created by an authorized user of the monitoring device 22 (FIG. 1). The email system may be the messaging system 93 in the tracking information server 14 or through an independent email service provider. The information stored in the tag profile 79 can be predetermined in advance. Command and control information in the email message can be provided as programmed instructions in the new tag profile. The new tag profile is communicated by the network processor 63 to the sensor processor 71. The sensor processor 71 may write or mask the new tag profile over the programmed instructions in the current tag profile 79 to update the tag profile 79 based on the email message. it can.

  The sensor processor 71 manages the data transmission and power consumption management to the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1), and the network processor 63 transmits the location and time combination data and checks for a new tag profile with programmed instructions. Do this by controlling when. Typically, the sensor processor 71 controls data transmission in a burst fashion by waiting for a data download condition to be detected before the network processor 63 wakes up or starts up. . The sensor processor 71 can then put the network processor 63 to sleep or shut down after data transmission is confirmed. In addition, the sensor processor 71 preferably controls checking for a new tag profile by waiting for a state change condition to be detected before the network processor 63 wakes up or starts up. To do. Then, after the sensor processor 63 provides a new tag profile to the sensor processor 71 or after confirming that no new tag profile was found, the sensor processor 71 again turns the network processor 63 on. Can be put to sleep or shut down.

  Sensor processor 71 encodes each transmitted burst with tracker tag identification data 78 so that tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1) can associate the transmitted data with the appropriate tracker tag 12 '. Like that. Sensor, location, and time data associated with the detected condition (or event) is also stored in the data buffer 76. The data transmission includes sensor, position and time data related to the detected condition, along with position and time combination data used for tracking.

  Referring to FIG. 16, one embodiment of a process 200 in which the tracker tag responds to a power up / reset state begins at step 202, where the power up / reset state is, for example, the controller 67. It is started by the activation of (FIG. 15). Next, in step 204, a tracker tag self test is performed. At step 206, the process determines whether the self test has passed or failed. If the self test passes, the process detects the completion of the self test as a state change state based on the self test pass event (step 208). Conversely, if the self test fails, the process detects the completion of the self test as a state change state based on the self test failure event (step 210). After step 208 or step 210, the process currently executes the programmed instructions for the state change state according to the tag profile 79 (FIG. 15).

  Referring to FIG. 17, one embodiment of a process 220 in which the tracker tag responds to a state change condition begins at step 222. In step 222, it is assumed that the tracker tag is powered up and that the power up / reset state of FIG. 16 is complete. Next, a state change state is detected (step 224). The state of one or more state changes is defined in the current tag profile in the corresponding tracker tag storage. Typically, the state of state change is the position, time, temperature, strain, voltage, pressure, electric field, self-test, and associated with sensors associated with tracker tags, assets, and / or vehicles. Defined with respect to other parameters. Note that the location and time parameters are related to location and time data received by the GPS receiver. Otherwise, the parameter relating to the state change state is related to the measured value by the corresponding sensor. Thus, state change detection is performed by comparing state change parameters in the current tag profile with measurements from corresponding sensors or GPS location or time data. The sensor processor includes an algorithm for detecting the state change state by comparing the sensor, position, and time data to the state change parameter in the tag profile, including the measured data and / or Or an algorithm to convert parameters for comparison is included.

  If a state change condition is detected at step 226, the sensor processor wakes up from the sleep state. Next, the sensor processor starts up the network processor (step 228). At step 230, the network processor is responsible for handling an email message containing a new tag profile with new programmed instructions for tracker tags from the tracking information server (eg, POP3 email. Communication with the server). This e-mail system can be the messaging system 93 in the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1), or it can be provided by an independent e-mail service provider. Next, the process verifies that communication between the network processor and the email system has been established (step 232). If communication is confirmed, at step 234, the network processor checks whether there is a new email for the tracker tag. The network processor then determines whether there is a new tag profile for the tracker tag based on whether there is a new email (step 236). If there is no new tag profile (i.e., no new email), at step 238, the network processor terminates communication with the email system. The sensor processor then shuts down the network processor (step 240). In step 242, the sensor processor enters a sleep state. The process then executes programmed instructions for state changes, data collection, and data download states according to the current tag profile 79 (FIG. 15).

  If communication between the network processor and the email system is not confirmed at step 232, the network processor resets the tracker tag data communication link and returns to step 230 to retry (step 232). 246).

  If at step 236 there is a new tag profile (ie, a new email), at step 248 the network processor uploads the new tag profile. The network processor then terminates communication with the email system (step 238). In step 240, after the network processor communicates the new tag profile to the sensor processor, the sensor processor shuts down the network processor. The sensor processor then transfers the new programmed instructions from the new tag profile to the tag profile 79 (FIG. 15) within the storage device 72 (FIG. 15) associated with the sensor processor 71 (FIG. 15). Install (step 249). A new programmed instruction overwrites the corresponding programmed instruction. However, if a programmed instruction has not been modified by a new programmed instruction, it will remain unless it is specified that the programmed instruction should be deleted by a new programmed instruction. At step 242, the sensor processor enters a sleep state. The process then executes programmed instructions for state changes, data collection, and data download states according to the current tag profile 79 (FIG. 15) (ie, including the new programmed instructions).

  In another embodiment of a process for handling state change conditions, a text messaging system may be used instead of an email system. In yet another embodiment, direct two-way communication can be used instead of an email system.

  In another embodiment of the process for handling the state change state, the network processor is caused to wake from the sleep state at step 228 instead of the start up and shut down operations referred to in FIG. To return to sleep. In yet another embodiment, steps 226, 228, 240, and 242 are removed, and both the network processor and the sensor processor maintain full up operation during the process. In yet another embodiment, steps 228 and 240 are removed and the network processor and sensor processor are combined into a single processor. This single processor, like a sensor processor, can be brought out of sleep at step 226 and returned to sleep at step 242 or can remain fully up during the process.

With reference to FIGS. 15, 16, and 17, for example, the tracker tag 12 ′ is periodically communicated with at least a self-test that creates a state of periodic state change, and a corresponding periodic email system. Note that you can program as you do. In one embodiment, the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1)
If no e-mail to tracker tag 12 'is retrieved within the regular self-test interval of tracker tag 12', tracker tag 12 'is shut down or e-mailed -It can be determined that communication with the system is not possible. Therefore, the tracking information server identifies the situation where the tracker tag is not communicating when it is expected to be communicating with the email system as a problem so that maintenance personnel can investigate this situation. Can be.

  Referring to FIG. 18, one embodiment of a process 250 where the tracker tag responds to the status of data collection begins at step 252. In step 252, it is assumed that the tracker tag has been powered up and that the power up / reset state of FIG. 16 has been completed. The state change state of FIG. 17 is also preferably completed. Next, the state of data collection is detected (step 254). The state of one or more data collections is defined in the current tag profile in the corresponding tracker tag storage. Typically, the status of data collection is based on location, time, temperature, strain, voltage, pressure, electric field, self-test, and other parameters associated with sensors associated with tracker tags, assets, and / or vehicles. Defined. Note that the location and time parameters are related to location and time data received by the GPS receiver. Otherwise, the parameters relating to the state of data collection are related to the measurements by the corresponding sensors. Thus, detection of the status of data collection is performed by comparing data collection parameters in the current tag profile with measurements from corresponding sensors or GPS position or time data. The sensor processor includes an algorithm for comparing sensor, location, and time data with data collection parameters in the tag profile to detect the state of data collection, including the measured data and / or Or an algorithm to convert parameters for comparison is included.

  If a state change condition is detected at step 256, the sensor processor wakes up from the sleep state. The sensor processor then collects and stores sensor data and / or position and time data according to programmed instructions in the current tag profile (step 258). The sensor processor can include an algorithm for converting sensor, location, and time data into information suitable for local storage and subsequent use by a tracking information server. For example, the position resolution algorithm described above converts raw GPS position data into XYZ data or XY data.

  At step 260, the state of data collection ends. Typically this is only after sufficient time has passed so that valid measurements can be obtained from the sensors and / or GPS position and time data. However, the tag profile can define the end of the state of data collection in a manner that is detected. For example, the tag profile includes programmed instructions for continuous data collection from a temperature above 4.44 ° C (40 ° F) to below 4.44 ° C (40 ° F). Can do. Data collection and storage begins after the first condition is detected and continues until the second condition is detected. In another example, the tag profile may include programmed instructions specifying data collection for 5 minutes after an aircraft takeoff (eg, vibration measurement) is detected. In this example, the state of data collection is detected, for example, from a certain vibration measurement and ends after 5 minutes.

The sensor processor then enters a sleep state (step 262). From this point on, the process returns to step 254 when another data collection condition is detected.
In another embodiment of the process that handles the state of data collection, steps 256 and 262 are removed and the sensor processor remains in full-up operation during the process.

  Referring to FIG. 19, one embodiment of a process 270 in which the tracker tag responds to the status of data download begins at step 272. In step 257, it is assumed that the tracker tag is powered up and that the power up / reset state of FIG. 16 is complete. The state change state of FIG. 17 is also preferably completed. Next, the data download status is detected (step 274). The state of one or more data collections is defined in the current tag profile in the corresponding tracker tag storage. Typically, the state of data collection includes the location, time, temperature, strain, voltage, pressure, electric field, self test, and other associated with the tracker tag, asset, and / or sensor associated with the vehicle. Defined with respect to parameters. Note that the location and time parameters are related to location and time data received by the GPS receiver. Otherwise, the parameters regarding the status of the data download are related to the measured values by the corresponding sensor. Thus, detection of the data download status is performed by comparing the data download parameters in the current tag profile with measurements from the corresponding sensor or GPS position data or time data. The sensor processor includes an algorithm for comparing sensor, location, and time data with data download parameters in the tag profile to detect the status of the data download, which includes measured data And / or an algorithm that converts the parameters for comparison.

  If at step 276 a data download condition is detected, the sensor processor wakes up from the sleep state. The sensor processor then starts up the network processor (step 278). At step 280, the network processor initiates communication with the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1). Next, the process confirms that communication between the network processor and the tracking information server has been established (step 282). If communication is confirmed, at step 284, the network processor identifies one or more users identified in the programmed instructions of the tag profile to receive a page associated with the detected data download status. Send the page. Typically, a page is a text message to a user that identifies tracker tags, assets, and data download status. The text message can be sent to the user by the tracking information server via the paging system. The sensor processor then communicates the sensor, location, and time data stored in the data buffer of the storage device to the network processor, and the network processor transmits the stored data to the tracking information server 14 (FIG. 1) (step 286). In step 288, the network processor terminates communication with the tracking information server. The sensor processor then shuts down the network processor (step 290). At step 292, the sensor processor enters a sleep state. From this point on, the process returns to step 274 when another data download condition is detected.

  If communication between the network processor and the tracking information server is not confirmed at step 282, the network processor resets the tracker tag data communication link and returns to step 280 to retry (step 294). ).

  In another embodiment of the process for handling data download status, a text messaging system can be used instead of a paging system. In yet another embodiment, an e-mail system (eg, a POP3 e-mail server) can be used instead of a paging system. In yet another embodiment, a text message can be sent to the user using a combination of paging, text messaging, and email systems. In yet another embodiment, the network processor can initiate separate communications to send text messages and download stored data. In this embodiment, the text message can be communicated to an independent service provider associated with the paging system, text messaging system, and / or email system instead of the tracking information server.

  In another embodiment of a process for handling data download states, the network processor is caused to return from the sleep state at step 278 instead of the start-up and shut-down operations referred to in FIG. At 290, the sleep state can be restored. In yet another embodiment, steps 276, 278, 290, and 292 are removed, and both the network processor and the sensor processor remain full up during the process. In yet another embodiment, steps 278 and 290 are removed and the network processor and sensor processor are combined into a single processor. This single processor, like a sensor processor, can be brought out of sleep at step 276, returned to sleep at step 292, or kept full up during the process.

  In one embodiment, the tracker tag 12 ′ (FIG. 15) includes a power up / reset state process 200 (FIG. 16), a state change state process 220 (FIG. 17), a data collection state process 250 (FIG. 18), and A data download status process (FIG. 19) may be included. In this configuration, a power up / reset state process 200 is first performed, and then a state change state process 220 is performed when a first state change state is detected. Next, a data collection state process 250 is performed to collect and store data. This is followed by a data download state process 270 that downloads the stored data from the tracker tag to the tracking information server.

  Typically, the programmed instructions in the tag profile include a first data collection state and a first data download state depending on sensor data, position data or time data that cause a first state change state. Is to be detected. For example, a programmed instruction may be associated with a vibration sensor when there is a transition from an engine off state to an engine running state and from an engine operating state to an engine stopped state. Sometimes it can be specified that a state change state is detected. The programmed instructions also detect the state of data collection for position data and time data when a state change state of vibration is detected and every 10 minutes after the engine is running. Can be specified. In addition, the programmed instructions indicate that the status of data download for all stored data is detected when a state change state of vibration is detected and every two hours thereafter when the engine is running. It can be specified to be detected.

  A priority scheme may be implemented in which the state change state is processed before the data collection state and the data collection state is processed before the data download state. This priority scheme may further allow multiple state change states, multiple data collection states, and multiple data download states to be processed in a first-in-first basis. . In one embodiment, multiple data collection states can be processed in parallel.

  Referring to FIG. 20, one embodiment of a process 300 for configuring a tag profile for a tracker tag begins at step 302 where a user uses the monitoring device 22 (FIG. 1) to track the tracking information server 14. You are logged in to the unsecured area 156 (FIG. 11) of FIG. At step 304, the user selects the function or option “Configure Tag Profile”. Next, the tracking information server performs a security check to confirm that this user is authorized to access this area of the tracking information server (step 306). At step 308, the tracking information server determines whether this user is authorized to configure the tag profile. Next, if the user is authorized to configure a tag profile, the tracking information server provides a tracker tag selection display to the user on the monitoring device (step 310). If not, the process returns to step 302 because the user is not authorized. In step 312, the user selects a tracker tag, an asset associated with the desired tracker tag, or an element associated with the desired tracker tag that configures the tag profile. The tracking information server then provides the user with a tag profile for the selected tracker tag in the tag profile configuration display (step 314). At step 316, the user selects the desired state change state, data collection state, and / or data download state to configure the tag profile. Next, as the user saves the desired state change state, data collection state, and / or data download state, the programmed instructions in the tag profile are updated (step 318). At step 320, the tracking information server generates a message for the selected tracker tag with the newly configured tag profile. The tracking information server then sends the message to the selected tracker tag (step 320).

  In an additional embodiment of the tag profile configuration process, the user consists of multiple tracker tags, assets, or elements at step 312 when multiple tag profiles are commonly configured. Any combination can be selected. This is useful, for example, for tag profile configuration for a group of aircraft, trucks, or other types of vehicles, where tag profiles for similar or similar classes of assets should be commonly configured. It is. The tracker tag selection display of step 310 can include asset classes and element classes to simplify the selection of multiple tracker tags for tag profile configuration. When configuring multiple tag profiles in common, the message in step 322 is sent to multiple corresponding tracker tags.

  In one embodiment of the tag profile configuration process, the message is sent via an email system (eg, POP3 email server) to the email address associated with the selected tracker tag. It can be an email message. In another embodiment, the message may be a text message sent via the text messaging system to the text messaging address associated with the selected tracker tag. In yet another embodiment, the message can be a direct data communication to the selected tracker tag. The e-mail and / or text messaging system may be internal to the tracking information server or may be provided by an independent service provider.

  Referring to FIG. 21, an example of programmed instructions (ie, command and control information) included in the tag profiles 79, 104 is shown. This is whether the tag profile is stored in the tracking information server (ie, tag profile 104), in the message to the corresponding tracker tag, or in the tracker tag ( That is, it reflects the programmed instructions in this exemplary tag profile that are intended for tracker tag operation, regardless of tag profile 79). Note that the tag profile can also include programmed instructions directed to the operation of the tracking information server. Preferably, any programmed instructions directed to the operation of the tracking information server are taken from the tag profile in the message to the corresponding tracker tag and the tag profile 79 stored in the tracker tag. Removed from. In this example of a tag profile, the following syntax rules are used: That is, 1) a line starting with an ampersand (#) is a comment, 2) the end of the line is identified by a semicolon (;), and 3) a variable is separated from the parameter by two colons (: :). 4) The parameter field is delimited by a comma (,). Of course, any suitable syntax for tag profiles may be employed, and in particular, general syntax rules for script files may be employed. This tag profile is configured for a tracker tag that includes a GPS receiver for receiving GPS position and time data, a vibration sensor, and a temperature sensor. In other embodiments, the tracker tag can include any combination of one or more vibration sensors, temperature sensors, strain gauges, voltage sensors, pressure sensors, and electric field sensors.

  Row 1 of this tag profile identifies the tracker tag ID 12345789. This is a unique tracker tag ID and associates this tag profile with an individual tracker tag having a matching tracker tag ID 78 (FIG. 7).

  Lines 2 to 13 define six state change states. In this exemplary embodiment, there is no state change state with respect to position (row 3) or time (row 4). There are two states of state change related to vibration. The state change state of the first vibration is defined as a transition from the engine stop state to the engine operation state (line 5). The state change state of the second vibration is defined as a transition from the engine operating state to the engine stopped state, and then maintaining the stopped state for 10 minutes (lines 6 and 7). As described above, the accelerometer in the tracker tag can distinguish between vibrations associated with the engine operating state and vibrations associated with the engine stopped state. By waiting for the engine to remain stationary for a period of time, for example, a state change state is not detected when the truck engine is only shut down for a short period of time to refuel. Guarantee. Such waiting periods can be adjusted or eliminated to suit the asset being tracked. These types of vibration state change states are useful, for example, to record engine time and / or track movement of the asset with which the tracker tag is associated.

  There are two states of temperature change. The state change state of the first temperature is defined as the rising transition where the temperature exceeds 4.44 ° C. (40 ° F.) (line 8). The state change state of the second temperature is defined as the temperature transitioning below 4.44 ° C. (40 ° F.) and then maintaining at least 4.44 ° C. (40 ° F.) for 5 minutes thereafter. (Lines 9, 10). Temperature sensors can distinguish between above 4.44 ° C. (40 ° F.) and below 4.44 ° C. (40 ° F.). Waiting for the temperature to remain below 4.44 ° C. (40 ° F.) for a period of time ensures that no state change condition is detected for an acceptable variation in temperature. Of course, other values can be selected for the upper and / or lower thresholds of the temperature, and the waiting period can be adjusted or removed to suit the asset being monitored. These types of temperature state changes are useful, for example, for monitoring cooling freight containers, trucks, and wagons.

  There are two states of state change related to self-test. One is for the self test pass result (line 11) and the other is for the self test fail result (line 12). There is no paging command for any state change state (line 13). Paging instructions can be added to any or all state change states. For example, in a situation where the user 456 is a maintenance engineer who is responsible for the tracker tag ID 123456789, a paging command is added so that when the state change state of self-test failure occurs, the user 456 is paged. It is also possible.

  Lines 14 to 27 define six data collection states. There are data collection states related to the collection and storage of position, time, vibration, temperature, self test pass, and self test failure data. Each data collection state identifies the state change state to which it relates and provides additional instructions for collecting and storing a particular type of data. The position data collection state (lines 15, 16) is defined as each vibration state change state and every 10 minutes during subsequent engine operation. In other words, the state of data collection at the first position is detected when the state change state of vibration at the time of transition to the engine operating state is detected. Then, the detection of the data collection state at the additional position is performed every 10 minutes until the state change state of the vibration during the transition to the engine stop state is detected. The state of data collection at another position is detected when a state change state of vibration in the engine stop state is detected. The state of time data collection (lines 17, 18) is also defined as the state change state of each vibration and every 10 minutes during subsequent engine operation. This coordinates the collection and storage of position and time data during engine operation. This data is useful for recording engine time and for tracking asset movement.

  The state of vibration data collection (lines 19 and 20) is defined as the state of state change of each vibration. The state of vibration data collection also includes instructions to collect and store position and time data along with vibration data. The temperature data collection state (lines 21, 22) is defined as every 5 minutes during each temperature state change and after the temperature exceeds 4.44 ° C (40 ° F). Has been. The temperature data collection status also includes instructions to collect and store location and time data along with temperature data. The self test pass data collection state (lines 23, 24) is defined as the state of each self test pass state change. The self test pass data collection status also includes instructions to collect and store location and time data along with self test pass data. The self test pass data may include information identifying the tested tracker tag elements and the corresponding pass results. The self-test failure data collection state (lines 25 and 26) is defined as the state of each self-test failure state change. The self-test failure data collection status also includes instructions to collect and store location and time data along with self-test failure data. The self test failure data may include information identifying the tracker tag elements tested and the corresponding pass or fail results. There is no paging command for any data collection state (line 27). It is also possible to add paging instructions to any or all data collection states.

  Lines 28-39 define three data download states and two paging instructions. In this exemplary embodiment, there is no data download status for location (line 29), time (line 30), and self test pass (line 35). There are data download states associated with vibration, temperature, and self-test failure state change states. Each data download state identifies the state change state to which it relates and provides additional instructions for downloading a particular type of data. The state of downloading vibration data (lines 31 and 32) is defined as each vibration state change state and every 8 hours during the subsequent operation of the engine. Also, the vibration data collection status includes an instruction to download all stored data (ie, location, time, temperature, self test pass, self test failure) along with the vibration data. The download state of the temperature data (lines 33, 34) is in the state of change of state of each temperature and every 5 minutes while the temperature exceeds 4.44 ° C. (40 ° F.). Is defined. The temperature data collection status also includes an instruction to download location and time data along with the temperature data. The self-test failure data download state (lines 36 and 37) is defined as the state of each self-test failure state change. The self-test failure data download status also includes instructions to collect and store location and time data along with self-test failure data.

  There are two paging instructions regarding the status of data download. The first paging instruction specifies that the user 123 is to be paged for all data download states (line 38). User 123 may be, for example, a person assigned to monitor all activities associated with an asset with tracker tag ID 12345789. Thus, whenever new location, time, or sensor data is provided to the tracking information server, this appropriate person is paged so that he can log into the tracking information server and inspect the new data. it can. The monitor can then take appropriate action to coordinate further movement of the asset. The second paging instruction specifies that the user 456 should be paged about the self-test failure data download status (line 39). The user 456 may be, for example, a person who has been assigned maintenance of the tracker tag ID 12345789. Therefore, whenever new self-test failure data is provided to the tracking information server, this appropriate person is paged so that he can log in to the tracking information server and retrieve the new data. It can be detected. The maintainer can then take appropriate action to coordinate further use of the tracker tag and schedule maintenance based on the nature of the failure.

  The various components and processes described with respect to the tracking system including the tracker tag and tracking information server are implemented in hardware, software, database structure, or any suitable combination of hardware, software, and database structure. be able to.

  Although the present invention has been described with exemplary embodiments, it should be understood that many alternatives, modifications, and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Accordingly, the embodiments of the invention in the above description are illustrative rather than limiting the spirit and scope of the invention. More specifically, the present invention is intended to include alternatives, modifications, and variations of all of the exemplary embodiments described herein.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a tracking system incorporating the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a global tracking system incorporating the present invention. FIG. 3 shows a GPS satellite constellation comprising a plurality of satellites in the Earth's orbit. FIG. 4 shows an Iridium satellite constellation comprising a plurality of satellites in the Earth's orbit. FIG. 5 shows the orbital altitude of various satellite constellations. FIG. 6 shows the GPS data flow in the satellite communication portion of one embodiment of the tracking system. FIG. 7 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a tracker tag. FIG. 8 shows a top view of one embodiment of a tracker tag. FIG. 9 shows a plan view of one embodiment of a tracker tag. FIG. 10 shows a side view of one embodiment of a tracker tag. FIG. 11 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a tracking information server. FIG. 12 shows an example of a portion of a display on a monitoring device showing a road map and tracking information according to one aspect of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a region tracking system incorporating the present invention. FIG. 14 is a block diagram of one embodiment of a local tracking system incorporating the present invention. FIG. 15 is a block diagram of another embodiment of a tracker tag. FIG. 16 is a flow chart of one embodiment of operation of a tracker tag in response to a power up / reset condition. FIG. 17 is a flow chart of one embodiment of operation of a tracker tag in response to a change in state state. FIG. 18 is a flow chart of one embodiment of tracker tag operation in response to a data acquisition state. FIG. 19 is a flow chart of one embodiment of operation of a tracker tag in response to a data download state. FIG. 20 illustrates the operation of the tracking information server to configure the state change state, the data acquisition state, and the data download state for the tracker tag and send the configured state to the tracker tag in a message. It is a flow chart of one embodiment. FIG. 21 is an exemplary tag profile with programmed instructions for state change states, data acquisition states, and data download states.

Claims (40)

A device (10, 26, 170, 176) for tracking a movable asset (16) and providing tracking information to a monitoring device (22);
With a tracker tag (12, 12 ') adapted to selectively receive position and time data from a plurality of global positioning system satellites (240) of a global positioning system satellite constellation (24) Wherein the position data represents a position of each global positioning system satellite from which the received data originated relative to the center of the earth (37), and the time data represents a time associated with the position data; The tracker tag is disposed at a location that facilitates receipt of the position data and the time data along the exterior of the movable asset, and the tracker tag is from the plurality of global positioning system satellites. Combining position data, combining the combined position data and time data Selectively transmitting via a data communication network (18), wherein the tracker tag is adapted to selectively retrieve messages with command and control information via the data communication network, the tracker A tag that cannot be operated from a device associated with the asset, and a tracker tag;
A tracking information server (14) for command and control of the tracker tag, the tracking information server selecting a message with command and control information to the tracker tag via a messaging system (93) The message is addressed to the tracker tag, the messaging system is accessible to the tracker tag via the data communication network, and the tracking information server Is adapted to receive the combined location data and time data from the tracker tag via the data communication network, and the tracking information server receives command and control information from the monitoring device to the tracking information network ( 20) suitable to receive selectively via The tracking information server is adapted to selectively process the combined position data and time data based on programmed instructions and commands and control information to create the tracking information; A tracking information server, wherein information is associated with the asset, and the tracking information is selectively accessible to the monitoring device via the tracking information network;
Including the device.   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the messaging system comprises at least one of an email system, a text messaging system, and a paging system.   3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the tracking information server includes at least the email system of the messaging system, the email system associated with the message that includes the command and control information. ,apparatus.   3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the email system is associated with the message including the command and control information and is provided by an email service provider independent of the tracking information server. Device. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tracker tag is
A global positioning system receiver (65) adapted to selectively receive the position data and time data;
A storage device (72) for storing command and control information related to operation of the tracker tag and for selectively storing the combined position and time data;
A processor (70) in communication with said global positioning system receiver and storage device, said processor relating to at least one of said position data and time data and commands and control information stored in said storage device Comparing at least one predetermined threshold to detect at least one of the set of states, wherein the set of states is i) one or more state change states, ii) A processor including one or more data collection states and iii) one or more data download states;
The tracker tag attempts to retrieve a new message from the messaging system when a state of each state change is detected, and the processor combines the combination when a state of each data collection is detected. At least one of position data and time data stored in the data buffer, and the tracker tag detects at least one of the combined position data and time data when a respective data download state is detected. To the tracking information server,
apparatus.   6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the tracker tag includes at least one of the one or more state change states, one or more data collection states, and one or more data download states. A device adapted to selectively send a message via the messaging system to one or more authorized users associated with the monitoring device when one is detected.   The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the messaging system comprises at least one of a paging system, an email system, and a text messaging system.   8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the tracking information server includes at least the paging system of the messaging system, the paging system comprising: a state change state, a data collection state, and a data download state. A device associated with any message sent to an authorized user of the monitoring device when a condition is detected.   8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the paging system is transmitted to an authorized user of the monitoring device when a state change state, a data collection state, and a data download state are detected. An apparatus associated with the arbitrary message and provided by a paging service provider independent of the tracking information server. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tracker tag is
A global positioning system receiver (65) adapted to selectively receive the position data and time data;
A storage device (72) for storing command and control information related to operation of the tracker tag and for selectively storing the combined position and time data;
A network processor adapted to selectively retrieve new messages with command and control information from the messaging system and to selectively transmit the combined location and time data to the tracking information server (63)
A sensor processor (71) in communication with the global positioning system receiver and storage device and a network processor, wherein the sensor processor stores at least one of the position data and time data in the storage device And at least one of a set of states is detected by comparing to a predetermined threshold associated with the command and control information provided, i) one or more of the set of states And ii) one or more data collection states, and iii) one or more data download states, and a sensor processor,
When the state of each state change is detected, the sensor processor begins retrieving new messages from the messaging system by the network processor, and the sensor processor When detected, at least one of the combined position data and time data is stored in the data buffer, and the sensor processor detects the status of the respective data download when the network processor detects Initiating transmission of the combined location data and time data to the tracking information server by
apparatus. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the tracker tag is
An asset communication interface (75) for communicating with the sensor processor and providing a communication path between the sensor processor and at least one of the asset and a vehicle associated with the asset
Further comprising an apparatus.   12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the asset communication interface includes one or more of at least one asset sensor and at least one vehicle sensor and at least one motion sensor associated with the vehicle. Adapted to selectively receive sensor information from the sensor processor, wherein the sensor processor has the sensor information and corresponding pre-determined threshold values associated with command and control information stored in the storage device. An apparatus for comparing and detecting at least one of the one or more state change states, one or more data collection states, and one or more data download states.   13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the asset communication interface selectively transmits command and control information to one or more of at least one asset control device and at least one means of transport control device. Adapted to the at least one of the position data, time data, and sensor information, and a predetermined threshold associated with the command and control information stored in the storage device And detecting the control status of one or more assets / transportation means, wherein the sensor processor detects at least one asset control device when the control status of each asset / transportation means is detected. And transmitting asset / transport control information to the one or more of the at least one transport means, and That controls one or more conditions of the operation of at least one thing of production and transport means, devices.   12. The apparatus of claim 11, wherein the asset communication interface selectively transmits command and control information to one or more of at least one asset control device and at least one means of transport control device. The sensor processor also compares at least one of the position data and time data with a predetermined threshold associated with command and control information stored in the storage device. Detecting the control status of one or more assets / transportation means, the sensor processor detecting at least one asset control device and at least one control status when the control status of each asset / transportation means is detected. Sending asset / transport control information to the one or more of the transport means, the asset and transport That controls one or more conditions of the operation of at least one thing of stage apparatus. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tracker tag is
A global positioning system receiver (65) adapted to selectively receive the position data and time data;
An environmental sensor (66) for sensing environmental conditions;
A storage device for storing command and control information related to the operation of the tracker tag and for selectively storing the combined position data, time data and sensor data related to the environmental sensor ( 72)
A processor (70) in communication with the global positioning system receiver, an environmental sensor, and a storage device, the processor comprising measurements from the environmental sensor, commands and control information stored in the storage device And detecting at least one of the set of states, i) the state of one or more state changes, a processor comprising: ii) one or more data collection states; and iii) one or more data download states;
The tracker tag attempts to retrieve a new message from the messaging system when a state of each state change is detected, and the processor combines the combination when a state of each data collection is detected. At least one of position data, time data, and sensor data stored in the data buffer, and the tracker tag detects the status of each data download, the combined position data, Transmitting at least one of time data and sensor data to the tracking information server;
apparatus.   16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the environmental sensor includes at least one of a vibration sensor, a temperature sensor, a strain gauge, a voltage sensor, a pressure sensor, and an electric field sensor. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tracker tag is
A global positioning system receiver (65) adapted to selectively receive the position data and time data;
An environmental sensor (66) for sensing environmental conditions;
A storage device (72) for storing command and control information related to the operation of the tracker tag and for selectively storing the combined position and time data and sensor data related to the environmental sensor. )When,
A network processor adapted to selectively retrieve new messages with command and control information from the messaging system and to selectively transmit the combined location and time data to the tracking information server (63)
A sensor processor (71) in communication with the global positioning system receiver and storage device and a network processor, the processor comprising measurements from the environmental sensors, commands stored in the storage device, and Comparing at least one predetermined threshold associated with the control information to detect at least one of the set of states, wherein the set of states is i) the state of one or more state changes A sensor processor comprising: ii) one or more data collection states; and iii) one or more data download states;
When the state of each state change is detected, the sensor processor begins retrieving new messages from the messaging system by the network processor, and the sensor processor When detected, at least one of the combined position data and time data is stored in the data buffer, and the sensor processor detects the status of the respective data download when the network processor detects Initiating transmission of the combined location data and time data to the tracking information server by
apparatus.   The apparatus of claim 17, wherein the environmental sensor includes at least one of a vibration sensor, a temperature sensor, a strain gauge, a voltage sensor, a pressure sensor, and an electric field sensor. A tracking system (10, 26, 170, 176),
A monitoring device (22) for displaying tracking information associated with the movable asset (16);
A tracking information network (20) in communication with the monitoring device to communicate the tracking information to the monitoring device;
A data communication network (18);
With a tracker tag (12, 12 ') adapted to selectively receive position and time data from a plurality of global positioning system satellites (240) of a global positioning system satellite constellation (24) Wherein the position data represents a position of each global positioning system satellite from which the received data originated relative to the center of the earth (37), and the time data represents a time associated with the position data; The tracker tag is disposed at a location that facilitates receipt of the position data and time data along the exterior of the movable asset, and the tracker tag is positioned from the plurality of global positioning system satellites. Combines data and time data, combined position data and And the time data is selectively transmitted via the data communication network, and the tracker tag selectively retrieves command and control information via the data communication network; and ,
A tracking information server (14) for command and control of the tracker tag, wherein the tracking information server selectively transmits command and control information to the tracker tag via a messaging system (93). The message is addressed to the tracker tag, the messaging system is accessible to the tracker tag via the data communication network, and the tracking information server is configured to combine the location data And tracking data is received from the tracker tag via the data communication network, the tracking information server selectively receives command and control information from the monitoring device via the tracking information network, and the tracking The information server is responsible for the combined location data and time data. The data selectively processed to create the tracking information, the tracking information can be selectively accessed via the tracking information network to the monitoring device, a tracking information server,
Including tracking system.   The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the messaging system comprises an e-mail system.   21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the email system is associated with the message that includes the command and control information.   The apparatus of claim 21, wherein the email system is provided by an email service provider independent of the tracking information server. A method of monitoring sensor data associated with a movable asset using a tracker tag that communicates with a tracking information server comprising:
a) Attaching a tracker tag to the movable asset, the tracker tag accessing the tracker tag line of sight during normal movement of the asset along the exterior of the movable asset And the tracker tag is inoperable from a device associated with the asset, and the tracker tag includes programmed instructions that control the current operation of the tracker tag. The tracking information server includes a master tag profile that is reconfigurable and at least initially the same as the installed tag profile;
b) reconfiguring the master tag profile at the tracking information server to create a next tag profile, the next tag profile being a subsequent action of the tracker tag Including programmed instructions for controlling
c) selectively sending the next tag profile to the tracker tag in a message via a messaging system, the messaging system accessing the tracker tag via a data communications network. Is possible, steps,
d) powering up the tracker tag;
e) detecting a state change state with the tracker tag according to the programmed instructions in the installed tag profile and responding to the state change state, to the state change state; The response includes retrieving the message with the next tag profile from the messaging system, and installing the next tag profile in the tracker tag; The next tag profile becomes the installed tag profile for control of the current operation of the tracker tag;
f) detecting the data collection status with the tracker tag according to the programmed instructions in the installed tag profile and responding to the data collection status, to the data collection status; The response of at least one of one or more sensors associated with the tracker tag, one or more sensors associated with the asset, and one or more sensors associated with the vehicle associated with the asset Collecting and storing sensor data associated with one sensor;
g) detecting a data download status with the tracker tag according to the programmed instructions in the installed tag profile and responding to the data download status, the data download The response to the state of the process includes downloading the stored sensor data to the tracking information server via the data communication network, wherein the tracking information server processes the downloaded sensor data. Creating sensor information and displaying the sensor information on a monitoring device via a tracking information network; and
Including methods.   24. The method of claim 23, wherein the messaging system is an email system.   25. The method of claim 24, wherein the email system is included in the tracking information server.   25. The method of claim 24, wherein the email system is provided by an email service provider that is independent of the tracking information server.   24. The method of claim 23, wherein the tracker tag includes a processor in communication with the at least one sensor, the processor comprising measurements from each of the at least one sensor; A method of comparing each of a state change, data collection, and data download state by comparing to a predetermined threshold in the programmed instruction in an installed tag profile. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein step b) comprises the following steps:
h) receiving a selection from a user of the monitoring device to reconfigure the master tag profile;
i) If the user is authorized to reconfigure the master tag profile, the user may configure the tag profile for reconfiguration of the master tag profile. Providing a display;
j) one or more desired state change states, one or more desired data collection states, and one or more desired data download states associated with subsequent operation of the tracker tag. Receiving one or more selected ones from said user in connection with
k) creating the next tag profile by updating the programmed instructions in the master tag profile based on the desired state change, data collection, and data download status;
l) generating the message with the next tag profile to send to the messaging system. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein step d) comprises the following steps:
h) performing a self-test of the tracker tag;
i) determining whether the self-test has passed or failed, wherein the programmed instructions in the installed tag profile relate to or have passed the self-test Identifying a state of state change with respect to failure. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein step e) comprises the following steps:
h) Waking up the tracker tag sensor processor, the sensor processor being identified as a state change state in the programmed instruction associated with the installed tag profile. Detecting the state change state based on detecting at least one parameter; and
i) activating a network processor of the tracker tag;
j) initiating communication between the network processor and the messaging system;
k) After communication between the network processor and the messaging system has been verified, check for new messages to the tracker tag, and if a new message is found, the associated with the new message Uploading the next tag profile to the network processor;
l) terminating communication between the network processor and the messaging system;
m) passing the next tag profile from the network processor to the sensor processor and shutting down the network processor;
n) if the new message is found in step k), installing the next tag profile in a storage device associated with the sensor processor, after installation, the subsequent operation of the tracker tag The programmed instruction of the next tag profile that was previously associated with is changed to the programmed instruction in the installed tag profile for control of the current operation of the tracker tag , Step and
o) placing the sensor processing in a sleep state. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein step f) comprises the following steps:
h) Waking up the sensor processor of the tracker tag, the sensor processor being identified as a data collection state in the programmed instruction associated with the installed tag profile Detecting the state of data collection based on detecting at least one parameter; and
i) collecting and storing sensor data associated with at least one sensor of the tracker tag, asset, and vehicle according to the programmed instructions in the installed tracker tag;
j) placing the sensor processing in a sleep state. 24. The method of claim 23, wherein step g) comprises the following steps:
h) Waking up the tracker tag sensor processor, wherein the sensor processor is identified as a data download status in the programmed instruction associated with the installed tag profile. Detecting the status of the data download based on detecting at least one parameter that includes:
i) activating a network processor of the tracker tag;
j) initiating communication between the network processor and the tracking information server;
k) After the communication between the network processor and the tracking information server is confirmed, the stored sensor data is transferred from the storage device associated with the sensor processor through the network processor to the tracking information server. Downloading via the data communication network;
l) terminating communication between the network processor and the tracking information server;
m) shutting down the network processor;
n) placing the sensor processing in a sleep state. 33. The method of claim 32, wherein steps j) and k) include the following steps:
o) one or more users associated with the monitoring device according to the programmed instructions in the installed tag profile after communication between the network processor and the tracking information server is confirmed Further comprising the step of sending the page to a paging system addressed to.   34. The method of claim 33, wherein the paging system is included in the tracking information server.   34. The method of claim 33, wherein the paging system is provided by a paging service provider that is independent of the tracking information server. A method of tracking a movable asset using a tracker tag that communicates with a tracking information server,
a) Attaching a tracker tag to the movable asset, the tracker tag accessing the tracker tag line of sight during normal movement of the asset along the exterior of the movable asset And the tracker tag is inoperable from a device associated with the asset, and the tracker tag includes programmed instructions that control the current operation of the tracker tag. The tracking information server includes a master tag profile that is reconfigurable and at least initially the same as the installed tag profile;
b) reconfiguring the master tag profile at the tracking information server to create a next tag profile, the next tag profile comprising a subsequent action of the tracker tag; Steps including programmed instructions for controlling;
c) selectively sending the next tag profile in a message via a messaging system to the tracker tag, wherein the messaging system accesses the tracker tag via a data communications network. Is possible, steps,
d) powering up the tracker tag;
e) detecting a state change state in the tracker tag according to the programmed instructions in the installed tag profile and responding to the state change state, to the state change state; The response includes retrieving the message with the next tag profile from the messaging system and installing the next tag profile in the tracker tag, A next tag profile becomes the installed tag profile for control of the current operation of the tracker tag; and
f) detecting the status of data collection at the tracker tag according to the programmed instructions in the installed tag profile and responding to the status of the data collection, to the status of the data collection; Said response comprises collecting and storing position data and time data associated with a global positioning system receiver of said tracker tag; and
g) detecting a data download status with the tracker tag according to the programmed instructions in the installed tag profile and responding to the data download status, the data download The response to the state of the download includes downloading the stored location data and time data to the tracking information server via the data communication network, the tracking information server including the downloaded location data and Processing time data to generate tracking information and displaying the tracking information on a monitoring device via a tracking information network.   37. The method of claim 36, wherein the tracker tag includes a processor in communication with the global positioning system receiver, the processor being installed with at least one of the location data and time data. Comparing a predetermined threshold in the programmed instructions in the tag profile to detect each of state changes, data collection, and data download states. 37. The method of claim 36, wherein step e) comprises the following steps:
h) Waking up the tracker tag sensor processor, the sensor processor being identified as a state change state in the programmed instruction associated with the installed tag profile. Detecting the state change state based on detecting at least one parameter; and
i) activating a network processor of the tracker tag;
j) initiating communication between the network processor and the messaging system;
k) After communication between the network processor and the messaging system has been verified, check for new messages to the tracker tag, and if a new message is found, the associated with the new message Uploading the next tag profile to the network processor;
l) terminating communication between the network processor and the messaging system;
m) passing the next tag profile from the network processor to the sensor processor and shutting down the network processor;
n) if a new message is found in step k), installing the next tag profile in a storage device associated with the sensor processor, which, when installed, follows the tracker tag The programmed instruction of the next tag profile that was previously associated with an action is transferred to the programmed instruction in the installed tag profile for control of the current action of the tracker tag. Change, steps,
o) placing the sensor processing in a sleep state. 37. The method of claim 36, wherein step f) comprises the following steps:
h) Waking up the sensor processor of the tracker tag, the sensor processor being identified as a data collection state in the programmed instruction associated with the installed tag profile Detecting the state of data collection based on detecting at least one parameter; and
i) collecting and storing the location data and time data according to the programmed instructions in the installed tag profile;
j) placing the sensor processing in a sleep state. 37. The method of claim 36, wherein step g) comprises the following steps:
h) wake up the sensor processor of the tracker tag, the sensor processor comprising:
Detecting the data download status based on detecting at least one parameter identified as a data download status in the programmed instruction associated with the installed tag profile; When,
i) activating a network processor of the tracker tag;
j) initiating communication between the network processor and the tracking information server;
k) after the communication between the network processor and the tracking information server is confirmed, the stored location data and time data from the storage device associated with the sensor processor through the network processor Downloading to an information server via the data communication network;
l) terminating communication between the network processor and the tracking information server;
m) shutting down the network processor;
n) placing the sensor processing in a sleep state.

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