JP2007333816A - Artificial alimentary canal membrane model, and method of manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an artificial alimentary canal membrane model whose texture, elasticity, color and the like are extremely similar to those of the human alimentary canal membrane, and to provide a method of manufacturing the artificial alimentary canal membrane model. <P>SOLUTION: The artificial alimentary canal membrane model which is composed of a soft resin material and whose texture and elasticity are similar to the texture and elasticity of the human alimentary canal membrane is provided. In the manufacturing method of the artificial alimentary canal membrane model: core sections 25 and 27 whose outer surface shape is similar to the exterior surface shape of the human alimentary canal membrane, and molds 32 and 33 whose inner surface shape is similar to the inner surface shape of the human alimentary canal membrane are prepared; a liquid urethane resin 101 composed of a main agent mixed with a curing agent is injected in a gap 34 between the core section and the mold to fill the gap; the molds are removed after the injected urethane resin material is changed into the soft resin; and the soft resin body formed on the outer periphery of the core section is turned inside out and outside in. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is an artificial gastrointestinal mucosa model that approximates the texture, elasticity, and color of human digestive tract mucosa, that is, oral mucosa, pharyngeal mucosa, esophageal mucosa, stomach mucosa, small intestine mucosa, large intestine mucosa, rectal mucosa, and anal mucosa. And a manufacturing method thereof.

  Conventionally, a human bone model or the like is known as a human body model. Further, there are an artificial skin model disclosed in Patent Document 1 and a puncture training simulation model disclosed in Patent Document 2.

  The artificial skin model described in Patent Document 1 is formed of a first urethane resin having relatively high durability and large elongation, and a surface layer sandwiching a colorant layer representing the color of the skin inside, It consists of a base layer formed of a second urethane resin material that is relatively softer than the urethane resin.

The puncture training simulation model described in Patent Document 2 is composed of simulated epidermis, simulated dermis, and simulated body fluid, and when the negative pressure puncture needle reaches the simulated body fluid, the simulated body fluid is sucked from the needle. This is a puncture training simulation model in which the simulated dermis is made of a polymer gel of silicone, polyurethane, or polystyrene.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-9339 JP 2005-181518 A

  The artificial skin model described in Patent Document 1 has a texture similar to human skin, and is used as an application sample for cosmetics and the like. The puncture training simulation model described in Patent Document 2 is used for training various punctures performed as a medical practice.

  Understanding the structure and function of the human body is essential in the fields of medicine, dentistry, nursing, and hygiene (including occupational therapists, physical therapists, speech therapists, and dental hygienists). This is because understanding the condition of a healthy person is a prerequisite for understanding, diagnosing and treating the disease, and nursing and providing care for the sick. As for the teaching materials, the bodies that have been donated are the best, but there is a limit to the number. Therefore, group dissection is performed in the group of 5 to 10 people even for medical students and dental students. Still, it is the current situation that human organs are viewed directly only once during a six-year study period, and most of the nursing departments cannot provide an opportunity for dissection.

  For this reason, the development of precise artificial models is desired, but at present there are hard tissues and models such as bones and teeth that approximate the structure and texture of humans, but soft tissues are also especially from the oral cavity to the pharynx. There is no model that reproduces the gastrointestinal mucosa of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and intestines. Therefore, both students and healthcare professionals can learn the texture and structure of the gastrointestinal tract through the dissection of books and bodies, and the opportunities are limited, and they understand the three-dimensional structure and texture of the gastrointestinal tract. It is not easy. For example, taking out and examining only the digestive tract mucous membrane leads to processing the human body like a machine part, which is not preferable for medical education. Developing an artificial model with a texture, elasticity and color that reproduces the human digestive tract mucosa is a solution to these problems.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to provide an artificial gastrointestinal mucosa model in which texture, stretchability, color, and the like are very close to those of human gastrointestinal mucosa and a method for manufacturing the same. .

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention described in claim 1 is composed of a soft resin material having flexibility, and the texture and stretchability are approximated to the texture and stretchability of a human digestive tract mucosa. It is in the artificial gastrointestinal mucosa model.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the artificial gastrointestinal mucosa model according to claim 1, wherein the inner and outer surfaces of the artificial gastrointestinal mucosa model have irregularities provided on the inner and outer surfaces of the human gastrointestinal mucosa. A pleat is provided, and the soft resin material is colored in a color close to that of a human digestive tract mucosa.

  The invention described in claim 3 is the artificial gastrointestinal mucosa model according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the soft resin material is a polyurethane elastomer.

  The invention according to claim 4 comprises a core portion whose outer surface shape approximates the outer surface shape of a human digestive tract mucosa, and a formwork whose inner surface shape approximates the inner surface of a human digestive tract mucosa, A liquid resin material in which a gap of the thickness of the human digestive tract mucosa is provided outside the core portion and the mold is disposed, and a hardening agent is mixed into the main agent in the gap between the core and the mold After the injected liquid resin material is changed to a soft resin, the mold is removed, and the soft resin body formed on the outer periphery of the core portion is turned inside out and the outside is turned inside out. And an artificial digestive tract mucosa model, characterized in that it is an artificial digestive tract mucosa model.

  The invention according to claim 5 is the method for producing an artificial gastrointestinal mucosa model according to claim 4, wherein the liquid resin material is a liquid polyurethane elastomer obtained by mixing a curing agent into a main agent.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the artificial digestive tract mucosa model is made of a resin material by approximating the texture and elasticity of the artificial digestive tract mucosa to the human digestive tract mucosa, the texture and elasticity of the human digestive tract are real. An artificial digestive tract mucosa model close to the mucous membrane can be provided.

  According to the second aspect of the invention, the inner and outer surfaces of the artificial gastrointestinal mucosa model are provided with unevenness and folds approximated to the human gastrointestinal mucosa, and the color is also approximated to the human gastrointestinal mucosa. Furthermore, an artificial digestive tract mucosa model close to the actual human digestive tract mucosa can be provided.

  According to the invention described in claim 3, since polyurethane elastomer is used as the flexible resin material, the texture, stretchability, and color can be very close to those of the actual human digestive tract mucosa. An artificial digestive tract mucosa model very close to humans can be provided at low cost.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the liquid resin material in which the curing agent is mixed into the main agent is injected and filled in the gap between the core portion and the mold, and the injected liquid resin material is changed into a soft resin. After that, the mold is removed, and the soft resin body formed on the outer periphery of the core part is removed from the core part by inverting the inside to the outside and the outside to the inside. An artificial gastrointestinal mucosa model that is very close to the gastrointestinal mucosa can be produced.

  According to the invention described in claim 5, since the liquid resin material is a liquid polyurethane elastomer in which a curing agent is mixed into the main agent, the artificial digestive tract is close in texture, stretchability and color to the actual human digestive tract mucosa. A mucosal model can be manufactured easily and inexpensively.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Here, a method for producing an artificial oral mucosa model as a digestive tract mucosa will be described with reference to the drawings. First, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, upper and lower tooth model bases 11 and 12 having gingival portions 11a and 12a for supporting teeth are made. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 2, the upper and lower tooth model bases 11 and 12 are joined to each other with the flange portion 13 interposed therebetween, and the oral cavity forming member 14 whose outer surface shape is approximately approximated to the shape of the inner surface of the human oral cavity. make. An opening forming member 15 for forming an opening in the front portion of the oral cavity forming member 14 is provided, and a pharyngeal forming member 16 having an outer surface shape approximately approximate to an inner shape of the pharynx at the rear of the oral cavity forming member 14 is provided. As shown in FIG. 3, the oral mucosa forming member 17 whose outer surface shape is approximately similar to the inner surface shape of the oral mucosa is formed. 3A is a side sectional view of the oral mucosa forming member 17, and FIG. 3B is a view taken along the line AA.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 4A, half of the oral mucosa forming member 17 is embedded in the aqueous clay table 18. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 4B, a silicone layer 19 having a predetermined thickness is formed on the surface of the oral mucosa forming member 17 exposed from the aqueous clay table 18. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 4C, a gypsum layer 20 having a predetermined thickness is formed on the surface of the silicone layer 19.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), the oral mucosa forming member 17 on which the silicone layer 19 and the gypsum layer 20 are formed is extracted from the aqueous clay base 18, and the silicone layer 21 having a predetermined thickness on the surface and the other half. A gypsum layer 22 is formed. Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 5C, the oral mucosa forming member 17 is removed, and an upper female mold 23 and a lower female mold 24 are formed.

  Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 6A, a fiber reinforced resin (FRP) 100 is injected into the lower female mold 24 and cured to form the lower core 25. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 6B, tenons 26a and 26b are formed at the center of the upper surface of the lower core 25. Further, the upper core 27 is formed by injecting and curing the fiber reinforced resin (FRP) 100 in FIG. The upper core 27 is formed with grooves 27a and 27b into which the tenons 26a and 26b of the lower core 25 are fitted.

  The lower female mold 24 in which the lower core 25 is formed and the upper female mold 23 in which the upper core 27 is formed are divided into tenons 26a and 26b of the lower core 25 and grooves of the upper core 27 as shown in FIG. After combining so that 27a and 27b fit, as shown in FIG.7 (b), the lower female type | mold 24 and the upper female type | mold 23 are removed, and the oral mucosa formation core 28 which consists of the upper core 27 and the lower core 25 is shown. Form. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 7C, an oily clay layer 30 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the oral mucosa-forming core 28. The outer surface shape of the oily clay layer 30 is formed by closely approximating the inner surface shape of the oral mucosa, and the thickness of the oily clay layer 30 is the thickness of the oral mucosa. As the inner surface shape of the oral mucosa, for example, the uvula 30a, the gingiva 30b, the cheek inner surface, and the like are formed.

  Subsequently, the oral mucosa-forming core 28 having the oily clay layer 30 formed on the outer surface is embedded in the lower half of the aqueous clay base 31 as shown in FIG. 8A, and as shown in FIG. 8B. The upper half oral mucosa forming the upper half oral mucosa portion formed by covering the outer surface of the oily clay layer 30 of the upper half oral mucosa forming core 28 exposed from the aqueous clay base 31 with a glass mat and curing with reinforced plastic. Next, as shown in FIG. 8C, the oral outer mucosa-forming core 28 is extracted from the aqueous clay base 31, and is formed on the outer surface of the oily clay layer 30 of the lower oral mucosa-forming core 28. Then, a lower half oral mucosa forming outer frame 33 for forming a lower half oral mucosa portion formed by covering with a glass mat and curing with reinforced plastic is manufactured.

  After the upper half oral mucosa forming outer frame 32 and the lower half oral mucosa forming outer frame 33 are formed as described above, the oral mucosa forming core 28 is removed, as shown in FIG. An oral mucosa-forming outer frame comprising the half-oral mucosa-forming outer frame 32 and the lower-half oral mucosa-forming outer frame 33 is obtained. The inner surfaces of the upper half oral mucosa forming outer frame 32 and the lower half oral mucosa forming outer frame 33 have the same shape as the outer surface of the oily clay layer 30 of the oral mucosa forming core 28, that is, the inner surface of the oral mucosa. The upper half oral mucosa-forming outer frame 32 is provided with the upper core 25 of FIG. 7B (the upper half of the oral mucosa-forming core 28 of FIG. 7C from which the oily clay layer 30 has been removed). By incorporating the lower core 27 in FIG. 7 (b) into the frame 33, a gap 34 forming the upper half oral mucosa and a gap forming the lower half oral mucosa are formed.

  10 (a), a liquid soft urethane resin in which a curing agent is mixed in a gap 34 formed by incorporating the upper core 25 into the upper half oral mucosa forming outer frame 32 (for example, a liquid polyurethane elastomer formed by mixing a curing agent) ) When 101 is injected with the injector 36, the gap 34 is filled with the soft urethane resin 101, and the upper half artificial oral mucosa model is formed. Subsequently, the assembly in which the lower core 27 is incorporated in the lower half oral mucosa-forming outer frame 33 is placed on the assembly in which the upper core 25 is incorporated in the upper half-oral mucosa-forming outer frame 32 in FIG. When the liquid soft urethane resin 101 mixed with a curing agent is injected into the gap 35 with the injector 36, the gap 35 is filled with the soft urethane resin, and a lower half artificial oral mucosa model is formed. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 10 (c), the artificial oral mucosa in a state of being turned upside down on the outer surface of the oral mucosa-forming core 28 by removing the upper half oral mucosa-forming outer frame 32 and the lower half oral mucosa-forming outer frame 33. The model 37, that is, the artificial oral mucosa model 37 in a state where the inner surface of the artificial oral mucosa model 37 appears on the outer surface is formed.

  By removing the artificial oral mucosa model 37 from the oral mucosa-forming core 28 in an inverted state, an artificial oral mucosa model 37 as shown in FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b) is shown. By coloring the soft urethane resin injected from the injector 36 close to the oral mucosa of the actual human body, an oral mucosa model having a color close to the oral mucosa of the actual human body can be obtained. In addition, by approximating the flexibility, texture, and stretchability of a soft urethane resin after curing to the human digestive tract mucosa, an artificial oral mucosa model that is very close to the oral mucosa of the actual human body can be obtained. .

  In the above example, a method for producing an oral mucosa (including gingival, buccal mucosa, fundus mucosa, and tongue mucosa) models has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to an oral mucosa model, but other digestive tract mucosa, that is, pharyngeal mucosa (soft palate). (Including pharyngeal side wall and posterior pharyngeal wall), esophageal mucosa, gastric mucosa, small intestinal mucosa, large intestine mucosa, rectal mucosa, and anal mucosa. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, in the same manner as described above, the large intestine mucosa forming core portion 41 whose outer surface shape approximates the outer surface shape (intestinal villi shape) of the large intestine mucosa, and the inner surface shape is the inner surface of the large intestine mucosa. A large intestine mucosa molding mold 42 that approximates the surface shape (annular crease shape), and the large intestine mucosa molding mold 42 is disposed outside the large intestine mucosa molding core 41; A liquid urethane resin 102 mixed with a curing agent is injected into the gap between the large intestine mucosa mold 42 with an injector 43. In a state where the liquid urethane resin 102 is changed to a soft urethane resin, the large intestine mucosa forming mold (consisting of an upper mold frame and a lower mold frame) 42 is removed from the large intestine mucosa forming core portion 41. Then, the large intestine mucosa model 44 can be obtained by inverting and removing the soft urethane resin formed on the outer periphery of the large intestine mucosa-forming core portion 41 so that the inner surface is the outer side and the outer surface is the inner side.

  FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the large intestine mucosa model 44. The large intestine mucosa model 44 is made of a urethane resin whose texture and elasticity are similar to those of the human large intestine mucosa. The outer surface has a villi shape 44a that approximates the intestinal villi, and the inner surface has a ring shape that approximates the ring-shaped folds on the inner surface of the large intestine. A fold 44b is formed. Although illustration is omitted, models of the pharyngeal mucosa, esophageal mucosa, gastric mucosa, small intestine mucosa, rectal mucosa, and anal mucosa can be similarly produced.

The following can be expected from the artificial digestive tract mucosa model produced as described above.
-It can be provided as a teaching material for students of medicine, dentistry, nursing, and hygiene (including occupational therapists, speech therapists, and dental hygienists). Since it is an artificial model, it can be used whenever necessary regardless of location and time, leading to a significant improvement in the learning effect.

  ・ In addition, from the current undergraduate education system, which first dissects the corpse, learn the structure of the person as a machine with a model, and then dissect the corpse, so that the human anatomy beyond the machine You can learn about.

  ・ Also, it can be used by medical staff already engaged in clinical practice as an opportunity to confirm the structure of the person and as a model for explaining to the patient at the clinical site. That is, it can be used for teaching materials and explanations for patients and the general public.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to artificially model each digestive tract mucosa, that is, oral mucosa, pharyngeal mucosa, esophageal mucosa, gastric mucosa, small intestine mucosa, large intestine mucosa, rectal mucosa, and anal mucosa lesion.

  Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the technical idea described in the claims and the specification and drawings. Is possible. Note that any shape or material not directly described in the specification and drawings is within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention as long as the effects and advantages of the present invention are achieved.

It is a figure which shows the tooth model stand used for the manufacturing method of the artificial oral mucosa model which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing which makes the oral cavity formation member used for the manufacturing method of the artificial oral mucosa model which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the oral mucosa formation member used for the manufacturing method of the artificial oral mucosa model which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing for manufacturing the oral-mucosa formation core used for the manufacturing method of the artificial oral-mucosa model which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing for manufacturing the oral-mucosa formation core used for the manufacturing method of the artificial oral-mucosa model which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing for manufacturing the oral-mucosa formation core used for the manufacturing method of the artificial oral-mucosa model which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing for manufacturing the oral-mucosa formation core used for the manufacturing method of the artificial oral-mucosa model which concerns on this invention. It is explanatory drawing for manufacturing the upper and lower oral mucosa formation outer frame used for the manufacturing method of the artificial oral mucosa model which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the upper and lower oral mucosa formation outer frame used for the manufacturing method of the artificial oral mucosa model which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the injection molding process of the artificial oral mucosa model which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the artificial oral mucosa model which concerns on this invention, Fig.11 (a) is a side view, FIG.11 (b) is a front view. It is a figure which shows the injection molding process of the artificial large intestine mucosa model which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the artificial large intestine mucosa model which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Tooth model base 12 Tooth model base 13 Flange part 14 Oral part formation member 15 Opening formation member 16 Throat head formation member 17 Oral mucosa formation member 18 Aqueous clay table 19 Silicone layer 20 Gypsum layer 21 Silicone layer 22 Gypsum layer 23 Upper female type 24 Lower female type 25 Upper core 27 Lower core 28 Oral mucosa forming core 30 Oily clay layer 31 Aqueous clay table 32 Upper half oral mucosa forming outer frame 33 Lower half oral mucosal forming outer frame 34 Cavity 35 Cavity 36 Injector 37 Artificial oral mucosa Model 41 Large intestine mucosal core 42 Large intestine mucosal mold 43 Injector 44 Large intestine mucosa model

Claims (5)

  An artificial gastrointestinal mucosa model composed of a soft resin material having flexibility and having a texture and stretchability approximated to those of a human digestive tract mucosa. In the artificial gastrointestinal mucosa model according to claim 1,
The inner and outer surfaces of the artificial digestive tract mucosa model are provided with irregularities and folds provided on the inner and outer surfaces of the human digestive tract mucosa, and the soft resin material has a color close to the color of the human digestive tract mucosa. An artificial digestive tract mucosa model characterized by being colored. In the artificial gastrointestinal mucosa model according to claim 1 or 2,
The artificial digestive tract mucosa model, wherein the soft resin material is a polyurethane elastomer.   A core portion whose outer surface shape approximates the outer surface shape of the human digestive tract mucous membrane and a formwork whose inner surface shape approximates the inner surface of the human digestive tract mucosa, and which is digested by the person outside the core portion. The mold is disposed with a gap of the thickness of the tube mucosa, and a liquid resin material in which a hardening agent is mixed into the main agent is injected and filled in the gap between the core and the mold, and the injected liquid After the resin material is changed to a soft resin, remove the mold, and reverse the inside of the soft resin body formed on the outer periphery of the core part to the outside and the outside to the inside to make an artificial digestive tract mucosa model A method for producing an artificial gastrointestinal mucosa model characterized by the above. In the manufacturing method of the artificial digestive tract mucosa model according to claim 4,
The method for producing an artificial digestive tract mucosa model, wherein the liquid resin material is a liquid polyurethane elastomer obtained by mixing a curing agent into a main agent.

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