JP2007301280A - Ultrasonograph - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an adjustment technique of ultrasonic beams for detecting the surface of a bone. <P>SOLUTION: A first probe 11 and a second probe 12 are ultrasonic probes for sending/receiving ultrasonic waves relative to the bone. The first probe 11 has a sub array A and a sub array B, and the second probe 12 has a sub array C and a sub array D. The sub arrays A-D form ultrasonic beams respectively. The ultrasonic beams for detecting the bone surface are roughly adjusted by the disposition states of the first probe 11 and the second probe 12 relative to the bone and the ultrasonic beams suited to the detection of the bone surface is finely adjusted by beam forming. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for adjusting an ultrasonic beam for detecting a bone surface.

  In order to diagnose bone metabolic diseases such as osteoporosis, determination of easy fracture, and quantitative diagnosis of bone healing after fracture treatment, simple and quantitative measurement of mechanical properties such as bone strength is desired. Yes.

  Evaluation of bone formation and bone union greatly depends on X-ray photographs, but it is difficult to quantitatively diagnose bone strength with X-ray photographs. Although a strength test of a sample bone to be measured is known as a conventional method for measuring bone strength, a sample bone removal operation is required and is invasive. Further, as a method for measuring bone mass and bone density, use of general-purpose X-ray CT, a DXA (double energy absorption measurement method) apparatus, and the like have been put into practical use. However, these are merely means for measuring bone mass, and bone strength cannot be evaluated. Moreover, it cannot be said that it is noninvasive in the point which irradiates an X-ray.

  Other attempts to quantitatively evaluate bone strength include a strain gauge method in which a strain gauge is attached to an external fixator and the strain of the fixator is measured, and vibration that evaluates the natural frequency by applying external vibration to the bone. Examples of the existing method include a wave method and an acoustic emission method for detecting a sound wave generated from a bone having yield stress. However, these methods still have problems in terms of the limitation of applicable treatment methods, the need to invade bones, and evaluation accuracy.

  Against this background, an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus that non-invasively and quantitatively evaluates the mechanical characteristics of bone has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2005-152079 A

  In Patent Literature 1, a plurality of ultrasonic beams are formed on a bone, a plurality of echo signals corresponding to each ultrasonic beam are acquired, and a surface point corresponding to the bone surface is specified for each echo signal. A technique for calculating a bending angle of a bone based on a plurality of surface points obtained from a plurality of echo signals is shown. This is an epoch-making technique that allows non-invasive and quantitative evaluation of bone mechanical properties in a living body from shape data such as bone bending angle obtained based on echo signals.

  The inventors of the present application have conducted research on an improved technique to which the epoch-making technique described in Patent Document 1 is applied.

  The present invention has been made in such a background, and an object thereof is to provide an ultrasonic beam adjustment technique for detecting the surface of a bone.

  In order to achieve the above object, an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to a preferred aspect of the present invention controls an array transducer including a plurality of vibration elements that transmit and receive ultrasonic waves to and from a bone, and a plurality of vibration elements. A transmitting / receiving unit that performs beam forming, and a surface detection unit that detects a surface point corresponding to the surface of the bone on an ultrasonic beam formed by beam forming, depending on the arrangement state of the array transducer with respect to the bone The ultrasonic beam for detecting the surface point is roughly adjusted, and the ultrasonic beam suitable for detecting the surface point is finely adjusted by beam forming.

  According to the above configuration, for example, the arrangement state of the array transducer is roughly set by a mechanical adjustment mechanism or the like, and the steering angle of the ultrasonic beam is finely adjusted by beam forming, for example. Therefore, for example, it is not necessary to provide a fine adjustment function in a mechanical adjustment mechanism, and mechanical fine adjustment work is also unnecessary. Note that the ultrasonic beam is finely adjusted, for example, so that the reception signal waveform is most clearly obtained. Further, the fine adjustment by beam forming is not limited only to the adjustment of the steering angle of the ultrasonic beam. For example, the opening position of the ultrasonic beam may be adjusted, and the depth of the focus point of the ultrasonic beam may be adjusted.

  In a preferred aspect, the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus further includes an image forming unit that forms a beam adjustment image for adjusting an ultrasonic beam, and detects a surface point according to a user operation performed via the beam adjustment image. The ultrasonic beam suitable for is finely adjusted. In a preferred aspect, the image forming unit forms a beam direction setting image for setting a direction of an ultrasonic beam as the beam adjustment image.

  In a preferred aspect, the beam direction setting image is an image in which a beam setting point corresponding to a predetermined depth on the ultrasonic beam is two-dimensionally positioned in a plane corresponding to the transducer surface of the array transducer. It is characterized by being. In a preferred aspect, the beam direction setting image includes a slider for sliding the beam setting point two-dimensionally. In a desirable mode, the beam direction setting image includes a substantially rectangular transducer image schematically showing a transducer surface of the array transducer, and the slider corresponding to each of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the transducer image. , Including.

  In a preferred aspect, the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus includes a probe including a plurality of array transducers, the plurality of array transducers are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the bone, and a surface point is set for each array transducer. An ultrasonic beam for detection is formed. In a preferred aspect, the probe is constituted by a first probe having two array transducers and a second probe having two array transducers.

  The present invention provides a technique for adjusting an ultrasonic beam for detecting the surface of a bone. Thereby, for example, it is possible to adjust the ultrasonic beam with high accuracy and easily.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described.

  FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of FIG. 1 forms a plurality of ultrasonic beams on a bone, specifies a surface point corresponding to the bone surface for each ultrasonic beam, and based on the plurality of surface points, the bone dynamics. It is a device that can evaluate characteristics and the like.

  The first probe 11 and the second probe 12 are ultrasonic probes that transmit and receive ultrasonic waves to and from bones. Each of the first probe 11 and the second probe 12 includes two subarrays. That is, the first probe 11 includes two subarrays, a subarray A and a subarray B, and the second probe 12 includes two subarrays, a subarray C and a subarray D.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining bone diagnosis using the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of the present embodiment. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the present embodiment is a suitable apparatus for evaluating the mechanical characteristics of the bone 52 in the subject 50. The bone 52 is, for example, a rib or a tibia.

  The first probe 11 and the second probe 12 are arranged side by side along the axial direction of the bone 52. Thereby, the four subarrays of the subarrays A to D are arranged side by side along the axial direction (long axis direction) of the bone 52. For example, the first probe 11 and the second probe 12 are attached to the body surface of the subject 50. An acoustic coupler or the like may be inserted between the first probe 11 and the subject 50 and between the second probe 12 and the subject 50. The first probe 11 and the second probe 12 are supported by a fixing arm 13.

  During the measurement, the first probe 11 and the second probe 12 are fixed to each other by the fixing arm 13 so as not to move relatively. Further, a load is applied to the bone 52 from the body surface of the subject 50 at a position between the first probe 11 and the second probe 12. The subarrays A to D arranged side by side along the axial direction of the bone 52 each form an ultrasonic beam with respect to the bone 50.

  Thus, in the present embodiment, the mechanical characteristics of the bone 52 and the like are measured using the two separated probes (11, 12). Depending on the measurement content, for example, in the case of plastic measurement of the bone 52, the measurement may be performed using only one of the first probe 11 and the second probe 12.

  Returning to FIG. 1, each of the four subarrays of subarrays A to D is composed of a plurality of vibration elements arranged in a lattice pattern. In the present embodiment, each sub-array is formed by a total of 42 vibration elements of 6 elements in the vertical direction and 7 elements in the horizontal direction. However, in the present invention, the number of vibration elements in each subarray is not limited to 42. For example, each subarray may be formed by a total of nine vibration elements of three vertical elements and three horizontal elements.

  The transmission unit 14 forms a transmission beam for each subarray by controlling a plurality of vibration elements forming each subarray. The receiving unit 16 acquires a reception signal from each of the plurality of vibration elements forming each subarray and forms a reception beam. In the present embodiment, the transmission unit 14 and the reception unit 16 are electrically connected to each subarray via the switch 18. FIG. 1 shows a state where the sub-array A is selected by the switch 18. That is, the subarray A and the transmission unit 14 are connected, and the subarray A and the reception unit 16 are connected.

  The transmission unit 14 controls each of the plurality of vibration elements forming each subarray. Therefore, the transmission unit 14 and each subarray are connected by signal lines of a total of 42 channels in which one channel is associated with each vibration element. The receiving unit 16 acquires a reception signal from each of the plurality of vibration elements that form each subarray. Therefore, the receiving unit 16 and each subarray are also connected by signal lines of a total of 42 channels in which one channel is associated with each vibration element.

  The transmission part 14 produces | generates a transmission waveform for every vibration element, and performs the delay process according to each vibration element with respect to the transmission waveform. Then, the delay-processed transmission waveform is supplied to the corresponding vibration element through an amplification process or the like. Thus, the transmission unit 14 functions as a transmission beam former that forms a transmission beam for each subarray.

  The receiving unit 16 acquires a reception signal from each vibration element and performs amplification processing, analog-digital conversion processing, and the like. And the delay process according to each vibration element is performed with respect to the received signal of each vibration element which passed through those processes. Furthermore, the phasing addition process is performed by adding the received signals after the delay process obtained from the plurality of vibration elements. Thus, the reception unit 16 functions as a reception beam former that forms a reception beam for each subarray.

  The transmission unit 14 and the reception unit 16 are controlled by the control unit 30 via the bus 32. The control unit 30 controls the switch 18 to select a subarray that forms an ultrasonic beam. When the selected sub-array is connected to the transmission unit 14 and the reception unit 16, the control unit 30 performs ultrasonic wave transmission / reception control via the transmission unit 14 and the reception unit 16. Thus, an ultrasonic beam is formed by the selected subarray. The controller 30 electronically scans the ultrasonic beam as necessary.

  Note that the position (depth) of the focus point of the ultrasonic beam is set by the user via the operation device 28, for example. When detecting the bone surface, it is desirable that the transmission focus of the ultrasonic beam (ET beam) for detection be set near the bone surface. For example, the user sets the transmission focus point of the ET beam near the surface of the bone while viewing the B-mode image.

  The B-mode beam processing unit 22 performs beam processing for forming a B-mode image on the ultrasonic beam formed by the receiving unit 16. That is, a known process such as a detection process, a LOG compression process, a resampling process, and a scan conversion process is performed on the received beam data for the B-mode image. The received beam data processed by the B-mode beam processing unit 22 is supplied to the image forming unit 24 via the bus 32, and a B-mode image is formed by the image forming unit 24.

  The echo tracking processing unit 20 detects the bone surface portion using the ultrasonic beam formed by the receiving unit 16. That is, the echo tracking processing unit 20 performs so-called echo tracking processing that extracts and tracks a bone surface portion from a reception beam for echo tracking. For the echo tracking process, for example, a technique detailed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-309918 is used. The outline of this technology is as follows.

  The echo signal of the reception beam (ET beam) for echo tracking formed by each subarray has a large amplitude at a portion corresponding to the bone surface. If the bone surface is simply regarded as a part with a large amplitude, it is unclear which part of the large amplitude range corresponds to the surface part. As a result, an extraction error (general super In the case of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus, about 0.2 mm) occurs. In the echo tracking process, the zero cross point is detected as a representative point of the echo signal, and the extraction accuracy is dramatically increased by tracking the detected zero cross point (for example, the accuracy can be improved to about 0.002 mm). ). The zero cross point is detected as the timing at which the polarity of the echo signal is inverted from positive to negative or from negative to positive within the tracking gate period. When the zero cross point is detected, a tracking gate is newly set around the point. In the echo signal acquired at the next timing, the zero cross point is detected within the newly set tracking gate period. In this way, for each ET beam, the zero cross point of the echo signal is tracked as a surface point, and the position of the bone surface is measured with high accuracy using the first probe 11 and the second probe 12 as a reference.

  In the present embodiment, an ET beam is formed by each of the four subarrays of subarrays A to D, and four surface points are extracted from the four ET beams corresponding to the four subarrays of subarrays A to D. Based on the detected displacements of the plurality of surface points, a measurement amount reflecting the mechanical characteristics of the bone is calculated. For example, a bone bending angle is obtained from four surface points.

  The operation device 28 is a device that receives a user operation. Specific examples of the operation device 28 are a mouse, a keyboard, a touch panel, and the like. The control unit 30 controls each unit in the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to control information stored in advance in the apparatus, a user operation received via the operation device 28, or the like.

  The image forming unit 24 forms a B-mode image based on the data supplied from the B-mode beam processing unit 22. The image forming unit 24 forms a beam adjustment image for adjusting the reception beam (ET beam) for echo tracking based on the formed B-mode image or the like. Various images formed in the image forming unit 24 are displayed on the display 26.

  Hereinafter, the function of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus of FIG. 1 will be described in further detail. In the following description, the reference numerals shown in FIG. 1 are used for the portions (configurations) shown in FIG.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the beam adjustment image. FIG. 3 shows an example of an image displayed on the display 26.

  In this embodiment, the arrangement state of the probes, that is, the arrangement state of the four subarrays is determined by the fixing arm (see FIG. 2). The steering angle of the ultrasonic beam is finely adjusted by beam forming. FIG. 3 shows a beam direction setting image for finely adjusting the direction of the ultrasonic beam (ET beam) for detecting the bone surface.

  The transducer image 60 is an image schematically showing the transducer surface of the probe. 3 is an image corresponding to the first probe 11, and includes an image 62A schematically showing the subarray A and an image 62B schematically showing the subarray B.

  A slider is provided around the transducer image 60. That is, a slider 70Y corresponding to the vertical direction of the transducer image 60 and a slider 70X corresponding to the horizontal direction of the transducer image 60 are provided. A set of slider 70X and slider 70Y is provided for each of subarray A and subarray B. By these slider 70X and slider 70Y, the direction of the ET beam is finely adjusted for each subarray.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the direction adjustment of the ET beam by the slider. In the present embodiment, the beam setting point 74 corresponding to a predetermined depth on the ET beam is two-dimensionally positioned in the plane 72 corresponding to the transducer surface of each subarray, so that the direction of the ET beam is changed. Adjusted.

  The predetermined depth on the ET beam is set by the user via the operation device 28, for example. For example, when a predetermined depth is set at the focus point of the ET beam, the beam setting point 74 indicates the position of the focus point of the ET beam. Then, the position of the focus point in the plane 72 is adjusted by sliding the beam setting point 74 two-dimensionally with the slider.

  For example, from the state shown in FIG. 4A, the beam setting point 74 is moved in the vertical direction (Y direction) by the slider 70Y, and further the beam setting point 74 is moved in the horizontal direction (X direction) by the slider 70X. Thus, the beam setting point 74 can be moved to the state shown in FIG.

  Incidentally, the movement of the beam setting point 74 can be realized not only by using the slider 70 but also by moving a pointer 76 as shown in FIG. That is, the beam setting point 74 may be moved from the state shown in FIG. 5A to the state shown in FIG. 5B by the user moving the pointer 76 with a mouse or the like.

  Returning to FIG. 3, various B-mode images are also formed around the transducer image 60. The B-mode image 80A is a short-axis image of the bone 52 in the subject 50 by the subarray A. That is, an ultrasonic beam is scanned by the subarray A in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axial direction (long axis direction) of the bone 52, and the tomographic image formed thereby is the B-mode image 80A. The B-mode image 82A is a long-axis image of the bone 52 in the subject 50 by the subarray A. That is, an ultrasonic beam is scanned along the axial direction of the bone 52 by the subarray A, and a tomographic image formed thereby is a B-mode image 82A.

  An ET beam cursor 84 is displayed in the B mode images 80A and 82A. The ET beam cursor 84 visually represents the direction of the ET beam in the B-mode images 80A and 82A. The ET beam cursor 84 changes its direction according to the adjustment of the ET beam direction.

  For example, when the beam setting point (reference numeral 74 in FIG. 4) of the ET beam in the sub-array A is moved by the slider 70Y, a point (for example, a focus point) on the ET beam has a vertical direction (movement of the slider 70Y). Direction). Thereby, the angle of the ET beam is changed in a plane substantially perpendicular to the axial direction of the bone 52, and the angle of the ET beam cursor 84 displayed in the B-mode image 80A is also changed accordingly.

  Further, when the beam setting point of the ET beam of the sub-array A is moved by the slider 70X, a point of a predetermined depth on the ET beam is slid in the lateral direction (movement direction of the slider 70X), and the axial direction of the bone 52 The angle of the ET beam is changed along Accordingly, the angle of the ET beam cursor 84 displayed in the B mode image 82A is also changed.

  The beam signal image 90A shows the RF reception signal waveform of the ET beam formed by the subarray A. While confirming this waveform, the user steers the ET beam in a direction in which the received signal waveform can be clearly obtained. That is, the user adjusts the direction of the ET beam with the sliders 70X and 70Y while confirming the waveform displayed on the beam signal image 90A, for example, in a direction in which the amplitude of the received signal is relatively large. Adjust.

  As described above, in this embodiment, by operating the sliders 70X and 70Y via the operation device 28, the ET beam can be easily adjusted without fine adjustment of the fixing arm (reference numeral 13 in FIG. 2). It can be performed. In addition, since adjustment can be performed while checking the waveform of the received signal obtained from the ET beam, highly accurate adjustment is possible.

  For the subarrays B to D, the ET beam is adjusted similarly to the subarray A. For example, the ET beam formed by the subarray B is adjusted by the sliders 70X and 70Y while confirming the beam signal image 90B indicating the RF reception signal waveform of the ET beam. B-mode image 80B is a short-axis image of bone 52 by subarray B, and B-mode image 82B is a long-axis image of bone 52 by subarray B. The ET beam cursor 84 indicating the ET beam of the subarray B is also displayed in the B mode images 80B and 82B.

  Further, similarly to the beam adjustment image shown in FIG. 3 corresponding to the first probe 11, a beam adjustment image corresponding to the second probe 12 is formed, and the subarray C included in the second probe 12 is used by using the image. , D ET beams are adjusted. Thus, in the present embodiment, the ET beam corresponding to each of the subarrays A to D is set easily and with high accuracy.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a sequence (1) of ultrasonic beam scanning at the time of ET beam adjustment. First, the sub-array A in the first probe 11 is selected by the switch 18, and the ultrasonic beam is scanned by the sub-array A in the short axis direction of the bone. As a result, a short axis image of bone by the subarray A (reference numeral 80A in FIG. 3) is formed. Thereafter, the ET beam of subarray A is formed. Subsequently, an ultrasonic beam is scanned by the subarray A in the long axis direction of the bone. As a result, a long-axis image of bone by the subarray A (reference numeral 82A in FIG. 3) is formed. Thereafter, the ET beam of subarray A is formed.

  Next, the subarray B in the first probe 11 is selected by the switch 18, and the ultrasonic beam is scanned by the subarray B in the short axis direction of the bone. Thereby, a short axis image of bone by the subarray B (reference numeral 80B in FIG. 3) is formed. Thereafter, the ET beam of the subarray B is formed. Subsequently, an ultrasonic beam is scanned by the subarray B in the long axis direction of the bone. Thereby, a long-axis image of bone by the subarray B (reference numeral 82B in FIG. 3) is formed. Thereafter, the ET beam of the subarray B is formed.

  Thereafter, the above-described series of scanning sequences for the subarray A and the above-described series of scanning sequences for the subarray B are alternately and repeatedly executed. As described with reference to FIG. 3, the ET beam direction is appropriately changed by the user. Therefore, in the scanning sequence shown in FIG. 6, at the timing when the ET beam is formed, the ET beam is formed in the direction set at that timing.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the ultrasonic beam scanning sequence (2) at the time of ET beam adjustment. The sequence shown in FIG. 7 relates to the second probe 12. The adjustment of the ET beam related to the second probe 12 is performed after the adjustment of the ET beam related to the first probe 11, for example.

  First, the switch 18 selects the subarray C in the second probe 12, and the subarray C scans the ultrasound beam in the short axis direction of the bone to form a short axis image of the bone. Thereafter, the ET beam of the subarray C is formed. Subsequently, an ultrasonic beam is scanned by the subarray C in the long axis direction of the bone to form a long axis image of the bone. Thereafter, the ET beam of the subarray C is formed.

  Next, the subarray D in the second probe 12 is selected by the switch 18, and the ultrasonic beam is scanned in the short axis direction of the bone by the subarray D to form a short axis image of the bone. Thereafter, the ET beam of the subarray D is formed. Subsequently, an ultrasonic beam is scanned in the long axis direction of the bone by the subarray D to form a long axis image of the bone. Thereafter, the ET beam of the subarray D is formed.

  Thereafter, the above-described series of scanning sequences for the sub-array C and the above-described series of scanning sequences for the sub-array D are alternately and repeatedly executed. In the scanning sequence shown in FIG. 7 also, at the timing when the ET beam is formed, the ET beam is formed in the direction set at that timing.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining an ultrasonic beam forming sequence at the time of measurement using an ET beam. The measurement with the ET beam is performed after adjusting the ET beam with respect to the first probe 11 and the second probe 12.

  First, the sub array A in the first probe 11 is selected by the switch 18, and an ET beam is formed by the sub array A. Subsequently, the sub array B is selected by the switch 18, and an ET beam is formed by the sub array B. Furthermore, the subarray C in the second probe 12 is selected by the switch 18, and an ET beam is formed by the subarray C. Subsequently, the sub array D is selected by the switch 18, and an ET beam is formed by the sub array D.

  Thereafter, the formation of the ET beam is repeated in the order of the subarrays A, B, C, and D, and the echo tracking processing unit 20 tracks the bone surface points for each subarray.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining a vibration element used for scanning an ultrasonic beam for the B mode. FIG. 9 shows a subarray (any one of subarrays A to D) and the subarray. The scanning state of the ultrasonic beam is schematically shown.

  FIG. 9A shows a scanning state in which the ultrasonic beam is scanned in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the bone, and the ultrasonic beam is not tilted along the axial direction of the bone. In this case, the ultrasonic beam may be scanned without using some of the total 42 vibrating elements arranged in a lattice shape included in the subarray. In other words, since the ultrasonic beam is not tilted along the axial direction of the bone, the ultrasonic beam is formed without using the vibrating elements at both ends of the plural vibrating elements arranged along the axial direction of the bone. May be. By not operating some of the vibration elements, power consumption can be reduced.

  FIG. 9B shows a scanning state in which an ultrasonic beam is scanned along the axial direction of the bone and the ultrasonic beam is not tilted in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the bone. Also in this case, the ultrasonic beam may be scanned without using some of the 42 vibrating elements included in the subarray. That is, since the ultrasonic beam is not tilted along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the bone, the ultrasonic beam is not used without using the vibration elements at both ends of the plurality of vibration elements arranged along the direction. A sound beam may be formed.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a vibration element used for forming an ET beam. Similar to FIG. 9, FIG. 10 schematically shows a subarray (any one of subarrays A to D) and an ET beam formed thereby.

  FIG. 10A shows a state where the ET beam is tilted in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the bone and the ET beam is not tilted along the axial direction of the bone. In this case, since the ET beam is not inclined along the axial direction of the bone, an ultrasonic beam is formed without using the vibrating elements at both ends of the plurality of vibrating elements arranged along the axial direction of the bone. May be.

  On the other hand, FIG. 10B shows a state in which the ET beam is tilted in a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the bone, and further, the ET beam is tilted along the axial direction of the bone. In this case, since the ET beam is tilted in both the axial direction of the bone and the direction perpendicular thereto, it is desirable to form the ET beam using all of the 42 vibrating elements included in the subarray.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining a deformation mode of ultrasonic beam scanning for the B mode. FIG. 11 schematically shows a subarray (any one of subarrays A to D) and a scanning state of an ultrasonic beam formed thereby. The example shown in FIG. 11 shows a mode in which a total of 42 vibrating elements arranged in a lattice form included in one subarray are divided into two groups, and an ultrasonic beam is formed and scanned by each group. . As a result, two sub-arrays can simultaneously form two B-mode images.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining a modification of ET beam formation. Similar to FIG. 11, FIG. 12 schematically shows a subarray (any one of subarrays A to D) and an ultrasonic beam (ET beam) formed thereby. Similar to the case of FIG. 11, the example shown in FIG. 12 divides a total of 42 vibrating elements arranged in a lattice shape included in one subarray into two groups. And the aspect which forms an ET beam in each group is shown. This makes it possible to simultaneously form two ET beams with one subarray.

  FIG. 13 shows another preferred embodiment of the ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention. Compared to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 13 in that the switch 18 is omitted, and accordingly, the transmitter 14, the receiver 16, and the echo tracking for each subarray. The difference is that the processing unit 20 and the B-mode beam processing unit 22 are provided. And about the other part, ie, the part of the code | symbol same as the code | symbol shown in FIG. 1 in FIG. 13, embodiment shown in FIG. 13 and embodiment shown in FIG. 1 employ | adopt the mutually same structure.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 13, a transmission unit 14a and a reception unit 16a corresponding to the subarray A are provided. The transmission unit 14a functions as a transmission beamformer for the subarray A, and the reception unit 16a functions as a reception beamformer for the subarray A. Further, the B-mode beam processing unit 22a performs beam processing for forming a B-mode image on the ultrasonic beam formed by the receiving unit 16a. The received beam data processed by the B-mode beam processing unit 22a is supplied to the image forming unit 24 via the bus 32, and a B-mode image is formed by the image forming unit 24. Further, the echo tracking processing unit 20a detects the bone surface portion using the ultrasonic beam formed by the receiving unit 16a.

  Further, in the embodiment of FIG. 13, a transmission unit 14b, a reception unit 16b, a B-mode beam processing unit 22b, and an echo tracking processing unit 20b corresponding to the subarray B are provided, and transmission / reception control and data processing related to the subarray B are executed. Is done. Similarly, a transmission unit 14c, a reception unit 16c, a B-mode beam processing unit 22c, and an echo tracking processing unit 20c corresponding to the subarray C are provided, and a transmission unit 14d, a reception unit 16d, and a B-mode beam corresponding to the subarray D are provided. A processing unit 22d and an echo tracking processing unit 20d are provided. That is, in the embodiment of FIG. 13, transmission / reception control and data processing relating to each subarray are executed for each subarray.

  For this reason, in the embodiment of FIG. 13, the four subarrays of the subarrays A to D can be used simultaneously. For example, four surface points can be extracted at the same time by simultaneously forming four ET beams by four subarrays and tracking four surface points.

  As mentioned above, although preferred embodiment of this invention was described, embodiment mentioned above is only a mere illustration in all the points, and does not limit the scope of the present invention. For example, by forming a program for realizing the B-mode beam processing unit 22, the echo tracking processing unit 20, the image forming unit 24, the control unit 30 and the like in FIG. 1, and operating the computer with the program, the program shown in FIG. A part of the configuration of the illustrated ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus may be realized by a computer.

1 is a block diagram showing an overall configuration of an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to the present invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the diagnosis of the bone using the ultrasonic diagnosing device of this embodiment. It is a figure for demonstrating a beam adjustment image. It is a figure for demonstrating the direction adjustment of the ET beam by a slider. It is a figure for demonstrating the direction adjustment of the ET beam by a pointer. It is a figure for demonstrating the sequence (1) of the ultrasonic beam scanning at the time of ET beam adjustment. It is a figure for demonstrating the sequence (2) of the ultrasonic beam scanning at the time of ET beam adjustment. It is a figure for demonstrating the sequence of the ultrasonic beam formation at the time of the measurement by ET beam. It is a figure for demonstrating the vibration element utilized for the scanning of the ultrasonic beam for B modes. It is a figure for demonstrating the vibration element utilized for formation of ET beam. It is a figure for demonstrating the deformation | transformation aspect of the ultrasonic beam scanning for B modes. It is a figure for demonstrating the deformation | transformation aspect of ET beam formation. It is a figure which shows another suitable embodiment of the ultrasonic diagnosing device which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  11 First probe, 12 Second probe, 20 Echo tracking processing unit, 22 B-mode beam processing unit, 24 Image forming unit, 60 Transducer image, 70X, 70Y slider, 84 ET beam cursor.

Claims (8)

An array transducer including a plurality of vibration elements that transmit and receive ultrasound to and from the bone;
A transmission / reception unit that performs beam forming by controlling a plurality of vibration elements;
A surface detector for detecting a surface point corresponding to the surface of the bone on the ultrasonic beam formed by beam forming;
Have
The ultrasonic beam for detecting the surface point is roughly adjusted according to the arrangement state of the array transducer with respect to the bone, and the ultrasonic beam suitable for detecting the surface point is finely adjusted by beam forming.
An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1,
An image forming unit that forms a beam adjustment image for adjusting the ultrasonic beam;
The ultrasonic beam suitable for the detection of the surface point is finely adjusted in accordance with a user operation performed via the beam adjustment image.
An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 2,
The image forming unit forms a beam direction setting image for setting a direction of an ultrasonic beam as the beam adjustment image;
An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 3.
The beam direction setting image is an image in which a beam setting point corresponding to a predetermined depth on the ultrasonic beam is two-dimensionally set in a plane corresponding to the transducer surface of the array transducer.
An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 4,
The beam direction setting image includes a slider that slides the beam setting point two-dimensionally.
An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 5,
The beam direction setting image includes a substantially rectangular transducer image schematically showing the transducer surface of the array transducer, and the slider corresponding to each of the vertical direction and the horizontal direction of the transducer image.
An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 1,
Having a probe with multiple array transducers,
A plurality of array transducers are arranged along the axial direction of the bone, and an ultrasonic beam for detecting a surface point is formed for each array transducer.
An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. The ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus according to claim 7,
The probe includes a first probe having two array transducers and a second probe having two array transducers.
An ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus.

Images