JP2007295738A - Power equipment arithmetic unit, power generation system, and power equipment operation program - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To select the maximum output voltage of a power converter so that a plurality of node voltages of distribution systems may be within specified ranges. <P>SOLUTION: It is equipped with a file means which stores the system data on distribution systems 2020, 2022, 2024, 2026, 2040, 2030, 2032, 2034, and 2036, the voltage data on a transformer 2020 which supplies these distribution system with voltage, the load data on the loads connected to the above distribution systems, and the equipment data on the decentralized generation equipment which consists of a plurality of generation equipment 2400 connected to the above distribution systems via a power converter 2300; a power flow computing means which computes the node voltage of the above distribution systems, using the above several data; and a maximum output voltage selecting means which selects the maximum output voltage of the above power converter, so that the above computed node voltage may be within a specified range. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a power equipment calculation device, a power generation system, and a power equipment calculation program for selecting a maximum output voltage of a power converter connected between a power distribution system and power generation equipment.

The photovoltaic power generation system is a system in which customers are equipped with distributed power generation equipment connected to the power distribution system via an inverter, and maximizes or optimizes the amount of power generated by the solar power generation equipment linked to the power distribution system. Is preferable. At this time, non-patent document 1 reports power flow calculation for grasping the voltage and current of the distribution system. Further, a method for evaluating the amount of power generated by photovoltaic power generation is disclosed in Patent Document 1, which uses the current / voltage curve of the solar radiation intensity at the time of measurement and the temperature condition of the photovoltaic cell to connect to the power distribution system. It describes the output evaluation method of the power generation amount of solar power generation when not.
Ishikawa “Development of distribution line voltage measurement method for distributed power supply” OHM, November 2000 JP 2004-77309 A

  By the way, when connecting a power distribution system and photovoltaic power generation equipment, for example, there is a voltage operation restriction of 101V ± 6V. Moreover, since the impedance exists in the distribution system (distribution line) which the photovoltaic power generation facility receives via the transformer, the terminal voltage of the distribution system tends to be lower than the voltage in the vicinity of the transformer. For this reason, if the highest output voltage of the inverter installed in the vicinity of the transformer is set to the lowest voltage of 95V, the terminal voltage of the distribution system further decreases. On the other hand, when the maximum output voltage of the inverter (power converter) near the end of the distribution system is set to the maximum voltage of 107 V, the voltage near the transformer further increases. Therefore, the node voltage of the power distribution system may not be within the voltage operation constraint (predetermined range).

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a power equipment computing device, a power generation system, and a power equipment computing program capable of selecting a maximum output voltage of a power converter so that a plurality of node voltages of a power distribution system fall within a predetermined range. Is to provide.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a power equipment arithmetic device according to the present invention and a power generation system using the same are provided for system data of a power distribution system, voltage data of a transformer for supplying a voltage to the power distribution system, and connection to the power distribution system. File means for storing load data of a load to be distributed, and facility data of a distributed generation facility comprising a plurality of generation facilities connected to the distribution system via a power converter that controls output power to the maximum A power flow calculation means for calculating a node voltage of the distribution system using the data, and a maximum output voltage selection for selecting a maximum output voltage of the power converter such that the calculated node voltage falls within a predetermined range. Means.

  In addition, the greater the potential difference between the secondary output voltage of the transformer and the output voltage of the power converter, the more power is sold by the power company through the transformer from the power generation facility. When the maximum output voltage of the power converter is set to the maximum voltage, the difference between the output voltage of the power converter installed at the end and the output voltage of the transformer becomes small, and Electric power sales are reduced. Even in such a case, the maximum output voltage that averages each power generation amount of a plurality of power generation facilities, the maximum output voltage that averages the facility utilization rate obtained by dividing each power generation amount by the rated power generation amount of each power generation facility, and each By selecting one of the maximum output voltages that maximizes the sum of the power generation amounts, it is possible to optimize the maximum output voltage of the power converter linked to the power distribution system.

  According to the present invention, there are provided a power equipment computing device, a power generation system, and a power equipment computing program capable of selecting a maximum output voltage of a power converter so that a plurality of node voltages of a power distribution system fall within a predetermined range. be able to.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a power system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The power system 2000 includes a power transmission line 2010, power poles 2060, 2062, 2064, 2066, a pole transformer (transformer) 2040 that is installed on the power pole 2060 and connected to the power transmission line 2010, and a power pole. 2060, 2062, 2064, 2066, and the low-voltage lines 2020, 2022, 2024, the connection points (nodes) of the low-voltage lines 2020, 2022, 2024 and the customers 2050, 2052, 2054 are connected in series in a straight line. And lead-in wires 2030, 2032, 2034, and 2036 respectively connected to 2056.

  FIG. 1B is a configuration diagram of the indoor wiring facility provided in the consumer 2050, and is provided in all or part of the other consumers 2052, 2054, and 2056. Integrated power meters 2100 and 2110 are connected to the lead-in wire 2030, and the integrated power meter 2100 is connected to a photovoltaic power generation facility (power generation facility) made of solar cells via a distribution board 2200 and an inverter 2300 which is a power converter. ) 2400 is connected, and the generated power is sold to a power company. Further, the integrated wattmeter 2100 integrates the generated power of the solar power generation facility 2400, and the integrated wattmeter 2110 connected to the load 2500 integrates the load power. Here, the inverter 2300 is controlled so as to maximize the output power while limiting the voltage by active power control or phase advance reactive power control. At this time, the maximum output voltage of inverter 2300 is limited by a preset set value (set value).

A configuration of a power equipment arithmetic unit for determining a set value of each inverter 2300 installed in a plurality of consumers 2050, 2052, 2054, and 2056 shown in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to the drawings.
In FIG. 2, the power equipment computing device 100 is typically a personal computer, and includes an input means 10 composed of a keyboard, a mouse (pointing device), etc., and an output functioning as a display means composed of a CRT, LCD (liquid crystal panel), etc. Means 20, communication means 25 connected to a network such as a LAN (Local Area Network), the Internet, a CPU 30 as a computer, and a working memory used as a calculation program, display image data, and other input data for calculation And a RAM (Random Access Memory) 40 in which output data is temporarily stored, a ROM (Read Only Memory) 45 in which an initial program loader that is activated upon power-on is stored, an input data file 60, an output file 70, an operating system (OS) 85, and And a hard disk drive (HDD) 90 in which the program (application program) 80 is stored, each unit is connected by a bus line 50.

  Here, the input data file 60 includes system data 601, daily load change data 602, secondary side voltage data 603, solar radiation amount data 604, photovoltaic power generation amount data 605, solar power generation facility data 606, analysis condition data 607. The output file 70 stores a voltage calculation result 701, a current calculation result 702, a photovoltaic power generation output result 703, an inverter set value result 704, and an objective function calculation result 705. The sensitivity result 706 will be described later. The program 80 includes power flow calculation means (power flow calculation program) 801, maximum output voltage selection means (voltage display program) 802, and inverter setting means (inverter setting program) 803.

Next, the contents of the input data file 60 will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 3 shows the configuration of the system data 601. In the system data 601, the equipment number, which is the serial number of the equipment in the distribution system, the equipment type such as pole transformer, utility pole, low voltage line, service line, customer, and the equipment such as pole transformer, low voltage line, service line, etc. Capacity, length and impedance of low-voltage line, lead-in line, etc., node number when pole transformer, utility pole, customer are represented by node, branch number when low-voltage line and lead-in line are represented by branch, It includes a connection facility No. that is connection information of each facility, and a data item of a photovoltaic power generation interconnection that sets a consumer who is linked to a small-scale distributed power source such as photovoltaic power generation.

  For example, equipment No. 1 is a pole transformer with an equipment capacity of 30 kVA, and “N0” is set as the node No., and the connected equipment No. Are 5, 7 (low-pressure line). Since it is a pole transformer, the length, branch No. Is described as no corresponding data (******), and this pole transformer is not connected to photovoltaic power generation. In addition, the equipment No. 5 is a low-voltage line of the line type Cu-OW60 having an installation capacity of 217A and an impedance of 0.3103 + j0.3350 [Ω / km]. Is B1, and the connected equipment No. Is 1.2. Since it is a low-voltage line that is a branch, node no. The corresponding data of is not described, and it is not connected to photovoltaic power generation. In addition, the equipment No. 11 is a consumer, and node no. Is “N3”, and the connected equipment is equipment No. The service line is connected to solar power generation.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the contents of the daily load change data 602. The load [kW] consumed by the consumer is shown on the vertical axis, and the time (24 hours per day) is shown on the horizontal axis. The load on the customers of the power distribution system has different values at each time.
FIG. 5 shows the contents of the secondary voltage data 603 of the pole transformer 2040, the pole transformer secondary voltage is shown on the vertical axis, and the time (24 hours a day) is shown on the horizontal axis. It is shown. This data has results for the past several years, and this secondary voltage data is determined in consideration of fluctuations in daily load change data.

FIG. 6 shows the contents of the solar radiation amount data 604. Ordinate solar radiation, the horizontal axis represents the time (24 hours a day), represents the amount of solar radiation at the respective times [MJ / m ^2]. The solar radiation amount data 604 has data for the past several years.
FIG. 7 shows the contents of the photovoltaic power generation data 605 and shows the rated photovoltaic power generation [kW] at each time. The vertical axis shows the rated amount of photovoltaic power generation, and the horizontal axis shows the time (24 hours per day). This solar power generation rated power generation amount is calculated by using the solar radiation amount data 604 in FIG. 6, and the power generation amount rated value is calculated by solar cell rating × panel efficiency × sunlight amount / maximum solar radiation value. .

  FIG. 8A is a display screen of the photovoltaic power generation facility data 606, and FIG. 8B shows the contents of the photovoltaic power generation facility data 606. The contents of the data are the node number, the panel capacity, the inverter capacity, the inverter control method, the inverter voltage setting value upper limit value, the inverter voltage setting value lower limit value, the inverter voltage setting value step size, power generation efficiency, It is each data of inverter efficiency. Here, the inverter control system is a system such as active power control and phase advance reactive power control.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the contents of the analysis condition data 607. The contents of the data are data of analysis conditions, taboo list length, and number of repetitions. For example, the analysis conditions are “average power generation of consumers in the bank”, the taboo list length is set to “5”, The number of repetitions is set to “30”. Here, the taboo list length will be described. In a combinatorial optimization problem for finding an object function that minimizes an objective function from among a plurality of combinations, even when the objective function value is not found, the process is not stopped, and the increase in the objective function value is shifted to a minimum solution. At this time, in order to avoid returning to the same solution again, some information associated with the movement from one solution to another solution is stored, and branches of the neighborhood graph are removed based on the information. Information associated with this movement is called an attribute, and a tabu list for storing the attribute is provided. In this way, in Tabu Search, the search proceeds in the best direction while removing the branches, but there is a possibility that the destination will be lost as the branches are removed. In order to prevent this, the length of the taboo list is finite, and this length is called the taboo list length.

10 to 14 show a voltage calculation result 701, a current calculation result 702, a photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result 703, an inverter set value result 704, and an objective function calculation result 705, which are the contents of the output file 200. FIG. is there.
FIG. 10 shows the contents of the voltage calculation result 701. The voltage calculation result 701 includes data items of equipment number, node number, and voltage calculation result [V]. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the contents of the current calculation result 702. The current calculation result 202 includes data items of equipment number, branch number, and current calculation result [A]. The voltage of each node is around 106V. It can be seen that the current differs depending on

FIG. 12 shows the contents of the photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result 703. The photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result 703 indicates the photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result [kW] for each time, and is, for example, 4 [kW] at 12:00.
FIG. 13 shows the contents of the inverter set value result 704. The inverter set value result 704 is composed of data items of equipment No, node No, and inverter set value results. 11 customer node no. Is N3, and the inverter set value is set to 107 [V].
FIG. 14 shows the objective function calculation result 705. The objective function calculation result 705 includes a voltage setting value for each inverter and data of the objective function value at that time. For example, the inverter voltage setting value at the node N3 is 107 [V], and the inverter at the node N4 The voltage setting value is 107 [V], and the objective function value is 10.5.

Hereinafter, the processing of this embodiment will be described. Here, description will be made on the analysis condition in which one day is divided into 24 points.
When the power is turned on, the initial program loader stored in the ROM 45 starts the OS 85 stored in the HDD 90, and the input unit 10 instructs the start of the program 80. FIG. 15 shows the overall processing flow of this embodiment.

When the program 80 (application program) of the present embodiment is activated (S90), data is input (S100), and a set value (settling value) that sets the maximum output voltage of the inverter 2300 (see FIG. 1) by power flow calculation. The analysis is performed (S110), the analysis result is displayed (S120), and the process ends (S130).
Next, individual processing will be described. When the processing of the program 80 is started (S90), the system analysis display screen 901 shown in FIG. In the data input of S100, the system data 601 to be analyzed (see FIG. 3), daily load change data 602 (see FIG. 4), pole transformer secondary side voltage 603, photovoltaic power generation amount data 605, sunlight The power generation facility data 606 and the analysis condition data 607 are input using the man machine displayed on the output unit 20 and the input unit 10. First, a system to be analyzed first is selected by using the mouse as the input means 10 for the system drawing button 902, and the system drawing menu screen 1001 shown in FIG. 17 is displayed. Next, the pole transformer button 1002, the power pole button 1003, the low voltage line button 1004, the lead-in line button 1005, and the consumer button 1006 on the system drawing menu screen 1001 are selected and analyzed using the input means 10 such as a keyboard and a mouse. Draw a power distribution diagram.

  Next, the facility data of photovoltaic power generation is input using the photovoltaic power generation facility data setting screen 1009 shown in FIG. In the photovoltaic power generation facility data setting screen 1009, a panel capacity input field 1010 for one panel, a panel number input field 1011, an inverter control method selection button 1012, 1013, an inverter capacity input field 1014, a panel efficiency input field 1015, an inverter efficiency input A column 1016, an indoor wiring consideration check box 1017, an indoor wiring line type input column 1018, and an indoor wiring length input column 1019 are input using the input means 10 such as a keyboard. For example, “DV60” is designated as the line type, and the length is designated as “20” m. Here, if the input content is acceptable, the OK button 1020 is selected by the input means 10 such as a mouse. In order to cancel the input content, the Cancel button 1021 is selected with the input means 10 such as a mouse. The input data is stored in the photovoltaic power generation facility data 606 (see FIG. 2).

Next, analysis conditions are set on the analysis condition setting screen 1022 of FIG.
The analysis conditions include an inverter setting value button 1023 for maximizing in-bank power generation amount, an inverter setting value button 1024 for averaging the power generation amount of consumers in the bank, and an input inverter in the analysis condition setting screen 1022 in FIG. There are three analysis menu buttons, an analysis button 1025 according to setting values. Among these, an analysis condition to be executed is selected by the input means 10 such as a mouse. If the analysis conditions input earlier are acceptable, the OK button 1026 is selected with the input means 10 such as a mouse. Thus, the input data is stored in the analysis data 607.

  Next, when the inverter setting value button 1023 for maximizing the power generation amount in the bank and the inverter setting value button 1024 for averaging the power generation amount of the consumers in the bank are selected on the analysis condition setting screen 1022 in FIG. The optimization analysis condition setting screen 1027 of FIG. 20 is displayed, and input is made to the tabu list length input field 1028 and the iteration count process input field 1029 using the input means 10 such as a keyboard. Then, by selecting the Ok button 1030, the input data is stored in the analysis data 607.

When all the data is input, the screen 901 of the system analysis apparatus in FIG. 16 is displayed again. When the analysis execution button 903 is selected by the input means 10 such as a mouse, the flow of analysis execution S110 (FIG. 14) is performed. Executed.
The analysis execution S110 has two processing flows. The first is the optimization processing flow shown in FIG. 21, which is an inverter set value button 1023 for maximizing in-bank power generation amount in the analysis condition setting screen 1022 in FIG. 19, and averages the power generation amount of consumers in the bank. It is a processing flow at the time of analysis conditions when it sets to the inverter set value button 1024 for. The second is a processing flow shown in FIG. 22 of the analysis conditions of the analysis 1025 based on the inverter set values input to the analysis condition setting screen 1022 of FIG.

First, when the inverter setting value button 1023 for maximizing the power generation amount in the bank and the inverter setting value button 1024 for averaging the power generation amount of the consumers in the bank are set in the analysis condition setting screen 1022 of FIG. A processing flow (FIG. 21) will be described.
When the analysis is started (S1101), the system data 601 and the photovoltaic power generation facility data 606 are read (S1102). After the processing of S1102, the daily load change data 602, the pole transformer secondary side voltage 603, the photovoltaic power generation rated power generation amount data 605, etc. are read (S1103).

Next, after the execution of S1103, all inverter setting values are set to the inverter setting value upper limit stored in the photovoltaic power generation facility data 606 (S1104).
Next, at the set inverter set value, the system voltage and current for one day are calculated by power flow calculation while increasing the power generation amount of photovoltaic power generation from zero to the rated capacity every time (S1105). Furthermore, the power generation amount of the solar power generation at this time is also calculated. Next, the objective function calculation and the result are stored for the result of S1105 (S1106). This objective function includes an analysis condition set by an inverter set value button 1023 for maximizing in-bank power generation amount and an inverter set value button 1024 for averaging the power generation amount of consumers in the bank in the analysis condition setting screen 1022 in FIG. Varies depending on the setting.
The objective function for obtaining the inverter set value for maximizing the power generation amount in the bank is shown in equation (1).

N
Σ (Pn) → Maximize (1)
n = 1

Pn: power generation per day of the nth solar power generation

Next, an objective function for obtaining an inverter set value for averaging the power generation amount of the consumers in the bank is shown in Equation (2).

N
Σ | Pn-Ave (P) | → Minimize (2)
n = 1

Pn: Daily power generation of the nth solar power generation
Ave (P): Average value of solar power generation

Next, the process selects one inverter set value for all inverters installed in each consumer (S1107), and changes the condition of the inverter set value calculated in S1105. Under the conditions changed in S1107, the system voltage, current, and the amount of photovoltaic power generation are calculated by power flow calculation while increasing the amount of photovoltaic power generation to the rated capacity (S1108).
Next, the objective function is calculated by the expression (1) or (2) according to the contents of the analysis condition of the analysis condition data 607 using the power generation amount of the photovoltaic power generation obtained in S1108 (S1109).
The processing from S1107 to S1109 is executed for all inverters and their set values (S1110).

  Next, the inverter having the minimum (or maximum) objective function in S1110 and its set value are selected, and the information is stored in the tabu list (S1111). At this time, if the same inverter and its set value are already stored in the tabu list, the information on the inverter whose objective function is the minimum (or maximum) and its set value is stored next. Further, the length of the taboo list is set by the tabu list length of the data item of the analysis condition data in FIG. When the tabu list length is “5”, the tabo list can store 5 inverters and their set values, and if there is information on new inverters and their set values, it is put in the smallest Discard information from the taboo list. The value of the minimum (or maximum) objective function obtained in S1110 is compared with the objective function in S1106, and the smaller (or larger) is stored.

  Next, the processing from S1107 to S1111 is executed up to the number of times set in the iterative processing times input field 1029 input in the optimization analysis condition setting screen 1027 in S100 (S1112). Further, the inverter having the best (large or small) objective function in the number of iterations and the set value are obtained (S1113). And analysis is complete | finished after the process of S1113 is complete | finished (S1114).

Next, FIG. 22 showing a processing flow at the time of selecting an analysis condition of the analysis button 1025 by the inverter setting value input on the analysis condition setting screen 1022 of FIG. 19 will be described.
When the analysis is started (S1115), system data and solar power generation facility data are read (S1116). Next, daily load change data, pole transformer secondary side voltage, and photovoltaic power generation rated power generation amount data are read (S1117).
Next, the system voltage, current, and photovoltaic power generation amount for one day are calculated by power flow calculation while increasing the power generation amount of solar power generation from zero to the rated power generation amount every time (S1118). And analysis is complete | finished after the process of S1118 is complete | finished (S1119).

  As described above, in the processing from S1101 to S1114 shown in FIG. 21, the inverter setting value that maximizes the power generation amount in the bank and the inverter setting value that averages the power generation amount of consumers in the bank are obtained. Can be sought. In the processing from S1115 to S1119 shown in FIG. 22, the system voltage / current and the power generation amount of photovoltaic power generation at the input inverter set value can be obtained.

Next, the processing content of the analysis result display (S120 in FIG. 15) will be described.
When the result display button 904 of the system analysis device display screen 901 shown in FIG. 16 is selected, the analysis result display menu (when calculating the inverter set value) screen 1201 shown in FIG. 23 or the analysis result display menu screen 1207 shown in FIG. 24 is displayed. The The screen 1201 sets the inverter setting value button 1023 for maximizing the power generation amount in the bank in the analysis condition setting screen 1022 of FIG. 19 or the inverter setting value button 1024 for averaging the power generation amount of the customers in the bank. Displayed when the analysis is performed under these analysis conditions.

  The screen 1207 is displayed when the analysis button 1025 is set according to the inverter setting value input on the analysis condition setting screen 1022 shown in FIG. The analysis result display menu (inverter setting value calculation) screen 1201 shown in FIG. 23 includes an inverter setting result button 1202, a voltage calculation result button 1203, a current calculation result button 1204, a photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result button 1205, and an end button. 1206. The analysis result display menu screen 1207 shown in FIG. 24 is configured with the content obtained by removing the inverter setting result button 1202 of FIG. 23, and includes a voltage calculation result button 1208, a current calculation result button 1209, and a photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result button. 1210 and an end button 1211 are provided.

Next, the display contents of the analysis result display menu (inverter set value calculation) screen 1201 in FIG. 23 will be described.
When the inverter setting result button 1202 on the analysis result display menu (inverter set value calculation) screen 1201 is selected, the inverter set value, the amount of photovoltaic power generation, and the result of the objective function shown in FIG. 25 are displayed. Using the season selection button 1213, the inverter set value for each season, the amount of photovoltaic power generation, and the objective function are displayed. Here, when the return button 1204 is selected, the screen returns to the analysis result display menu screen 1201.

  Next, when a voltage calculation result button 1203 on the screen 1201 is selected, a voltage / current analysis result display facility selection screen 1215 shown in FIG. 26 is displayed. It can be seen that the low voltage line of the branch B3 and the service line of the branch B6 are connected to the utility pole of the node N5, and the service line of the branch B6 is connected to the customer of the node N6. The low voltage line of branch B3 is connected to the pole transformer of node N0, the pole transformer of node N0 is connected to the low voltage line of branch B1, and the low voltage line of branch B1 is connected to node N1. Connected to a utility pole. The utility pole of the node N1 is connected to the low voltage line of the branch B2 and the service line of the branch B4. The low voltage line of the branch B2 is connected to the customer of the node N4 via the service pole of the node N2, and the service line of the branch B4. Is connected to the customer of node N3.

  When the transformer button 1216 of the node N0 is selected on the selection screen 1215, a pole transformer voltage result screen 1220 shown in FIG. 27 is displayed. The pole transformer voltage result screen 1220 includes a season selection button 1221, a diagram showing voltage fluctuation at each time, and a return button 1222. The voltage result of the pole transformer in the season selected using the season selection button 1221 on the screen 1220 is extracted from the voltage calculation result 701 (see FIG. 2) and displayed. By selecting the return button 1222, a voltage / current analysis result display facility selection screen 1215 (see FIG. 26) is displayed. When the utility pole button 1217 as the node N1 is selected on the displayed selection screen 1215, a utility pole voltage result screen 1223 shown in FIG. 28 is displayed.

  The utility pole voltage result screen 1223 includes a season selection button 1224, a diagram representing the utility pole voltage calculation result, and a return button 1225. When a season is selected with the season selection button 1224, the pole voltage of the selected season can be extracted from the voltage calculation result 701 (see FIG. 2) and displayed. When the return button 1225 on the facility (electric pole) voltage result screen 1223 is selected, a voltage / current analysis result display facility selection screen 1215 is displayed. Next, when the end button 1219 of the voltage / current analysis result display equipment screen 1215 is selected, an analysis result display menu screen 1201 (see FIG. 23) is displayed. As described above, the voltage calculation result can be displayed on the voltage calculation result button 1203. In the current calculation result button 1204 on the analysis result display menu screen 1201, the current calculation result can be displayed in the same manner as the voltage calculation result.

  Next, the contents of the photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result button 1205 shown in FIG. 23 will be described. When the photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result button 1205 on the analysis result display menu screen 1201 is selected by the input means 10 such as a mouse, the photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result menu screen 913 shown in FIG. 29 is displayed. The photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result menu screen 913 includes a daily photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result button 914, a photovoltaic power generation rate result button 915, and an annual power generation amount calculation result button 916.

Hereinafter, each content is demonstrated.
When the daily photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result 914 is selected by the input means 10 such as a mouse from the photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result menu screen 913 shown in FIG. 29, the daily solar power generation amount calculation result of FIG. 30 is displayed. The The daily photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result in FIG. 30 displays the rated power generation amount 918 and the analysis result power generation amount 919. It can be seen that the power generation amount 919 of the analysis result is saturated at around 12:00.

  Next, when the photovoltaic power generation rate result button 915 is selected with the input means 10 such as a mouse from the photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result menu screen 913 in FIG. 29, the photovoltaic power generation rate result screen 920 shown in FIG. Is displayed. The photovoltaic power generation rate is an index for confirming how much the calculated value of the photovoltaic power generation amount of the actual analysis result is relative to the daily rated power generation amount of solar power. When the return button 921 on the photovoltaic power generation rate result screen 920 is selected with the input means 10 such as a mouse, the screen returns to the photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result menu screen 913 in FIG.

Finally, when the annual power generation amount calculation result button 916 is selected with the input means 10 such as a mouse on the photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result menu screen 913 in FIG. 29, the annual power generation amount calculation result 922 in FIG. 31 is displayed. For the annual power generation trial calculation, the annual maximum power generation trial calculation, and the annual minimum power generation trial calculation, the power generation trial calculation is performed. The calculation method of the annual power generation amount calculation is obtained by proportionally calculating the solar power generation amount at the time of analysis using the solar radiation data used at the time of analysis and the past solar radiation amount data 604. Equation (3) shows the formula for calculating the power generation amount on m / n.

Estimated power generation amount on m / n = power generation amount of analysis result x solar radiation amount on m / n / irradiation amount used during analysis
... (3) Formula When calculating the annual power generation calculation using equation (3), the solar radiation data is calculated using the average value for the past several years, and the annual maximum power generation calculation is the past of the solar radiation data. The maximum value for several years and the annual maximum power generation calculation are calculated using the minimum values for the past several years of solar radiation data.

  As described above, the power equipment computing device 100 of the present embodiment maximizes the amount of photovoltaic power generation when the photovoltaic power generation is connected to the distribution system, or the photovoltaic power generation of the consumer. An inverter set value that averages the quantity can be calculated. Moreover, the state of a power distribution system can be grasped | ascertained by calculating the daily change of the electric power generation amount of the voltage, electric current, and photovoltaic power generation of a power distribution system.

  In addition, the low-voltage lines 2020, 2022, and 2024, which are power lines, are linearly connected in series, and a customer connects to the midpoint between the low-voltage lines 2020, 2022, and 2024 via lead lines 2030, 2032, 2034, and 2036. When this is done, the maximum output voltage of the inverter 2300 is displayed on the output means 20 as a different value.

  Moreover, by setting the maximum output voltage calculated by the power equipment computing device 100 in the inverter 2300, the power generation amount of solar power generation is controlled so as not to exceed the voltage value of the inverter set value. Thereby, the power generation amount of solar power generation can be maximized, or the power generation amount of solar power generation of consumers can be averaged.

である。ここで、ｎ：発電システム設置需要家数、ΔＰｊ（ｔ）：時刻ｔにおける需要家Ｎｏ．ｊの発電出力（有効電力）の変化量、Ｐｊ０（ｔ）：時刻ｔにおける需要家Ｎｏ．ｊのΔＰｊ（ｔ）増分前の発電出力（有効電力）、Ｐｊ（ｔ）：時刻ｔにおける需要家Ｎｏ．ｊのΔＰｊ（ｔ）増分後の発電出力（有効電力）、ΔＱｊ（ｔ）：時刻ｔにおける需要家Ｎｏ．ｊの発電出力（無効電力）の変化量、Ｑｊ０（ｔ）：時刻ｔにおける需要家Ｎｏ．ｊのΔＱｊ（ｔ）増分前の発電出力（無効電力）、Ｑｊ（ｔ）：時刻ｔにおける需要家Ｎｏ．ｊのΔＱｊ（ｔ）増分後の発電出力（無効電力）、ΔＶｐｉｎｖｉ（ｔ）：時刻ｔにおける需要家Ｎｏ．ｊの連系地点の電圧変化量（有効電力増分時）、ΔＶｑｉｎｖｉ（ｔ）：時刻ｔにおける需要家Ｎｏ．ｉの連系地点の電圧変化量（無効電力増分時）、Ｖｉｎｖｉ０（ｔ）：時刻ｔにおける需要家Ｎｏ．ｉの連系地点電圧（ΔＰｊ（ｔ），ΔＱｊ（ｔ）増分前）、Ｖｐｉｎｖｉ（ｔ）：時刻ｔにおける需要家Ｎｏ．ｉの連系地点電圧（ΔＰｊ（ｔ）増分後）、Ｖｑｉｎｖｉ（ｔ）：時刻ｔにおける需要家Ｎｏ．ｉの連系地点電圧（ΔＱｊ（ｔ）増分後）、ＫＱｉｊ（ｔ）：時刻ｔにおける感度係数（需要家Ｎｏ．ｊの発電出力（無効電力）の変化量に対する需要家Ｎｏ．ｉの連系地点の電圧変化量）
である。 (Second Embodiment)
In the first embodiment, the set value of the voltage rise suppression function of the inverter is obtained by a combination optimization method, but the sensitivity coefficient (the amount of change in voltage at the inverter connection point / the amount of change in the power generation output of photovoltaic power generation) is used. The set value can also be obtained by power flow calculation using the linear programming method.
Specifically, the set value of the voltage rise suppression function of the inverter is formulated as an inverter interconnection point voltage. The effective power sensitivity coefficient KPij (t) is
KPij (t) = ΔVpinvi (t) / ΔPj (t)
= (Vpinvi (t) -Vinv0 (t)) / (Pj (t) -Pj0 (t))
(4)
The reactive power sensitivity coefficient KQij (t) is
KQij (t) = ΔVqinvi (t) / ΔQj (t)
= (Vqinvi (t) -Vinvi0 (t)) / (Qj (t) -Qj0 (t))
(5)
It is. Here, i = 1, 2, 3,..., N, j = 1, 2, 3,.
At this time, the inverter interconnection point voltage Vinvn (t) is

It is. Here, n: number of power generation system installation customers, ΔPj (t): customer No. at time t. j, the amount of change in power generation output (active power), Pj0 (t): customer No. at time t. j power generation output (active power) before ΔPj (t) increment, Pj (t): customer No. at time t. j power generation output (active power) after ΔPj (t) increment, ΔQj (t): customer No. at time t. j, the amount of change in power generation output (reactive power), Qj0 (t): customer No. at time t. j power generation output (reactive power) before ΔQj (t) increment, Qj (t): customer No. at time t. power generation output (reactive power) after ΔQj (t) increment of j, ΔVpinvi (t): customer No. at time t. j voltage change amount at the interconnection point (when active power is incremented), ΔVqinvi (t): customer No. at time t. i, the amount of voltage change at the interconnection point (when the reactive power is increased), Vinvi0 (t): customer No. at time t. i interconnection point voltage (before ΔPj (t), ΔQj (t) increment), Vpinvi (t): customer No. at time t. i interconnection point voltage (after ΔPj (t) increment), Vqinvi (t): customer No. at time t. i connection point voltage (after incrementing ΔQj (t)), KQij (t): sensitivity coefficient at time t (interconnection of customer No. i with respect to variation in power generation output (reactive power) of customer No. j) Voltage change at point)
It is.

The constraint conditions at this time are the upper and lower limit constraints of the inverter interconnection point voltage shown in Equation (4).
95 ≦ Vinv (t) ≦ 107 (i = 1, 2, 3,..., N) (7)
The manipulated variable is the power generation output (active power) of the photovoltaic power generation expressed by equations (8) and (9).
0 ≦ Pi (t) ≦ P0i (t) (i = 1, 2, 3,..., N) (8)
P0i (t) = Ppv0i (t) × COSθ (9)
(0 ≦ COSθ ≦ 1), (i = 1, 2, 3,..., N)

(10) Equation (11) is the power generation output (reactive power) of solar power generation.
0 ≦ Qi (t) ≦ Q0i (t) (i = 1, 2, 3,..., N) (10)
Q0i (t) = Ppv0i (t) × SINθ (11)
= √ (P ² pv0i (t) −P ² 0i (t))
(COSθ ≠ 0), (0 ≦ SINθ ≦ 1), (i = 1, 2, 3,..., N)

Using linear programming, the inverter interconnection point voltage at which the power generation amount of the consumer is averaged or maximized is obtained. The obtained inverter connection point voltage is a set value of the voltage rise suppression function of the inverter.

Next, a process for obtaining the set value of the voltage rise suppression function of the inverter at all times will be described with reference to FIG.
First, the power generation output of each consumer is Pj0 (t) (initial value is Pj0 (t) = 0), Qj0 (t) (initial value is Qj0 (t) = 0). The voltage Vinvi0 is calculated (S210). Next, the power generation output of each consumer is defined as Pj (t) = Pj0 (t) + ΔPj (t) and Qj (t) = Qj0 (t) + ΔQj (t), and each interconnection point voltage Vpinvi (t ), Vqinvi (t) is calculated (S220).
Next, using the interconnection point voltages Vinvi0, Vpinvi (t), and Vqinvi (t) calculated in S210 and S220, sensitivity coefficients KPij and KQij are calculated by the equation (5), and sensitivity results 706 (FIG. 2). Reference) is stored (S230). Next, formula (6) is created using the sensitivity coefficients KPij and KQij calculated in step S230, and the connection point voltage of a customer using the linear programming method reaches the upper limit of the constraint condition (7). The connection point voltage Vinvi (t) of each consumer that minimizes the variation in the generated power of each consumer is obtained (S240). Then, the processing from S210 to S240 is executed at each time, and the power generation output of each customer in the time zone in which the photovoltaic power generation is generating is averaged or maximized. Vinvi (t) is obtained (S250).

(Modification)
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications such as the following are possible.
(1) Although the power generation system of each embodiment has been described with respect to solar power generation, it can also be used for wind power generation. In this case, the power generation facility is a DC generator or an AC generator, and the inverter is a power converter that converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage, or converts an AC voltage into an AC voltage of a commercial voltage.
(2) Although each said embodiment calculated | required the setting value of the highest output voltage of an inverter using an electric power equipment arithmetic unit, and changed the setting value of an inverter for every season or for every month, The set value calculated by the power equipment computing device can be transmitted to the inverter 2300 in real time via the communication means 25 and the transmission line connected thereto.
(3) In the first embodiment, the set value of the voltage rise suppression function of the inverter is obtained by a combination optimization method, and in the second embodiment, the set value is obtained by a linear programming method using a sensitivity coefficient. The set value can also be obtained by the conversion method. Note that linear programming and other optimization methods are also included in the power flow calculation described in the claims.

It is a block diagram of the electric power generation system which is one Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram of the electric power equipment arithmetic unit which is one Embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the example of the content of system | strain data. It is a figure which shows daily load change data. It is a figure which shows the secondary side voltage data of a pole transformer. It is a figure which shows solar radiation amount data. It is a figure which shows the rated power generation amount data of solar power generation. It is a figure which shows the example of the screen of solar power generation equipment data, and the data. It is a figure which shows analysis condition data. It is a figure which shows an example of a voltage calculation result. It is a figure which shows an example of an electric current calculation result. It is a figure which shows an example of a solar power generation output result. It is a figure which shows the result of an inverter setting value. It is a figure which shows an objective function calculation result. It is a figure which shows the whole flow of 1st embodiment. It is a figure which shows a system | strain analysis display screen. It is a figure which shows a system | strain drawing menu screen. It is a figure which shows a solar power generation equipment data setting screen. It is a figure which shows an analysis condition setting screen. It is a figure which shows an optimization analysis setting screen. It is a flowchart of an optimization process. It is a flowchart of a normal analysis process. It is a display screen of an analysis result display menu (at the time of inverter set value calculation). It is a figure which shows an analysis result display menu screen. It is a figure of the screen which shows the result of an inverter setting value, the electric power generation amount of photovoltaic power generation, and an objective function. It is a figure which shows a voltage and electric current analysis result display installation selection screen. It is a figure of the voltage result screen of a pole transformer. It is a figure which shows an installation (electric pole) voltage result screen. It is a display screen which shows a photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result display menu. It is a figure which shows the daily solar power generation amount calculation result. It is a figure which shows the power generation rate result of solar power generation. It is a figure which shows the annual power generation amount calculation result. It is a calculation flowchart of a 2nd embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

10 Input means 20 Output means (display means)
25 Communication means 30 CPU
40 RAM
45 ROM
50 bus line 60 input data file (file means)
70 output file 80 program (power equipment calculation program)
85 OS
90 Hard disk drive (HDD)
100 Power equipment arithmetic unit 601 System data 602 Daily load change data 603 Secondary voltage data 604 Solar radiation data 605 Solar power generation data 606 Solar power generation data 607 Analysis condition data 701 Voltage calculation result 702 Current calculation result 703 Sun Photovoltaic output result 704 Inverter set value result 705 Objective function calculation result 801 Power flow calculation means (power flow calculation program)
802 Maximum output voltage selection means (voltage display program)
803 Inverter setting means (inverter setting program)
901 System analysis display screen 902 System drawing button 903 Analysis execution button 904 Result display button 905 End button 913 Photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result display menu screen 914 Daily solar power generation amount calculation result button 915 Power generation rate result of solar power generation Button 916 Annual power generation estimation result button 917 Return button 918 Rated power generation 919 Power generation (analysis result)
920 Photovoltaic power generation rate result screen 921 Return button 922 Annual power generation amount calculation result screen 923 Return button 1001 System drawing menu screen 1002 Pillar transformer button 1003 Electric pole button 1004 Low voltage line button 1005 Lead-in line button 1006 Consumer button 1009 Solar power generation Equipment data setting screen 1010 Panel capacity input field 1011 Panel number input field 1012 Active power control button 1013 Phase advance reactive power control button 1014 Inverter capacity input field 1015 Panel efficiency input field 1016 Inverter efficiency input field 1017 Indoor wiring consideration check box 1018 Line type Input field 1019 Length input field 1020 OK button 1021 Cancel button 1022 Analysis condition setting screen 1023 Inverter set value button 1024 for maximizing in-bank power generation amount 1024 Consumer in bank Inverter setting value button 1025 for averaging the amount of power generated by the customer 1025 Analysis button 1026 Ok button 1027 based on the input inverter setting value Optimization analysis condition setting screen 1028 Tabu list length input field 1029 Repeat processing number input field 1030 OK button 1201 Analysis Result display menu (inverter set value calculation) screen 1202 Inverter set value result button 1203 Voltage calculation result button 1204 Current calculation result button 1205 Photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result button 1206 End button 1207 Analysis result display menu screen 1208 Voltage calculation result button 1209 Current calculation result button 1210 Photovoltaic power generation amount calculation result button 1211 End button 1212 Inverter setting value, solar power generation amount and result of objective function 1213 Season selection button 1204 Return Button 1215 voltage and current analysis result display equipment selection screen 1216 node N0 (pole transformer)
1217 Node N1 (electric pole)
1218 Branch B1 (Low voltage line)
1219 End button 1220 Pillar transformer voltage result screen 1221 Season selection button 1222 Return button 1223 Equipment (electric pole) voltage result screen 1224 Season selection button 1225 Return button 2000 Electric power system 2010 Transmission line 2020, 2022, 2024 Low voltage line 2030, 2032 2034, 2036 Service lines 2060, 2062, 2064, 2066 Telephone poles 2050, 2052, 2054, 2056 Consumer 2100, 2110 Integrated wattmeter 2200 Distribution board 2300 Inverter 2400 Solar power generation equipment 2500 Load

Claims (15)

System data of the distribution system, voltage data of a transformer that supplies voltage to the distribution system, load data of a load connected to the distribution system, and the power distribution system via a power converter that controls the output power to the maximum A file means storing facility data of a distributed generation facility composed of a plurality of generation facilities connected to
A power flow calculation means for calculating a node voltage of the distribution system using the data;
Output power selection means for selecting a maximum output voltage of the power converter such that the calculated node voltage falls within a predetermined range. The output voltage selection means includes
From the selected maximum output voltage, the maximum output voltage that averages each power generation amount of the plurality of power generation facilities, and the facility utilization rate obtained by dividing each power generation amount by the rated power generation amount of each power generation facility are averaged. 2. The power equipment computing device according to claim 1, wherein one of a maximum output voltage to be converted and a maximum output voltage to maximize a sum of each power generation amount is selected.   The facility data includes a power generation capacity of the power generation facility, a power control method of the power converter, a step size of an output voltage setting value of the power converter, and indoor wiring data. The electric power equipment arithmetic unit of description.   The power equipment arithmetic device according to claim 1, wherein the maximum output voltage is limited by a set value of a voltage rise suppression function.   The said maximum output voltage is calculated using the sensitivity coefficient which remove | divided the variation | change_quantity of the output voltage of the said power converter by the variation | change_quantity of the electric power generation output of the said power generation equipment. Power equipment computing device. The power generation facility is a solar power generation facility using solar cells,
The power converter is an inverter that converts a DC voltage into an AC voltage,
The file means stores solar radiation amount data in which the solar radiation amount changes with time,
The power facility computing device according to claim 1, wherein the power generation facility data includes panel efficiency of the solar cell.   The solar power generation rated power generation data using either one or both of solar radiation data and the panel capacity of the solar power generation facility is stored in the file means. Power equipment computing device. Each of the data is data that takes into account annual fluctuation characteristics,
The output voltage selection means selects the maximum output voltage of each inverter so as to average each annual power generation amount of the plurality of power generation facilities or maximize the sum of the annual power generation amounts. Item 7. The power facility arithmetic device according to Item 6.   An annual power generation amount, an annual maximum power generation amount, and an annual minimum power generation amount are calculated using the annual power generation amount data calculated by the power equipment arithmetic device according to claim 8. System data of the distribution system, voltage data of a transformer that supplies voltage to the distribution system, load data of a load connected to the distribution system, and the power distribution system via a power converter that controls the output power to the maximum Input means for inputting facility data of a distributed generation facility comprising a plurality of generation facilities connected to
A power flow calculation means for calculating a node voltage of the distribution system using each input data;
And a display means for selectively displaying the maximum output voltage of the power converter such that the calculated node voltage falls within a predetermined range. A power equipment computing device comprising: input means; a computer for computing input data input by the input means; and display means for displaying the computed computation results,
System data of the distribution system inputted by the input means, voltage data of a transformer for supplying voltage to the distribution system, load data of a load connected to the distribution system, and power conversion for controlling the output power to the maximum A power flow calculation program for causing the computer to calculate a node voltage of the power distribution system using facility data of a distributed power generation facility composed of a plurality of power generation facilities connected to the power distribution system via a device;
A voltage display program for causing the display means to selectively display the maximum output voltage of the power converter such that the calculated node voltage falls within a predetermined range;
A power equipment computing device comprising: The distribution system data is data of power lines linearly connected in series,
The load is connected to a plurality of intermediate points of the power line,
The power generation facility is connected to another intermediate point of the power line via a power converter,
The electric power equipment computing device according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the display means displays the maximum output voltage with different values. A distribution system to which voltage is supplied by a transformer;
A load connected to the power distribution system;
A distributed power generation facility comprising a plurality of power generation facilities connected to the distribution system via a power converter that controls output power to the maximum;
File means for storing system data of the distribution system, voltage data of the transformer, load data of the load, and facility data of the plurality of power generation facilities,
A power flow calculation means for calculating a node voltage of the distribution system using the data;
Maximum output voltage calculation means for outputting the maximum output voltage of the power converter such that the calculated node voltage falls within a predetermined range;
Setting means for averaging the power generation amounts of the plurality of power generation facilities or setting the maximum output voltage of the power converters in the power converter so as to maximize the sum of the power generation amounts. Characteristic power generation system.   The power generation system according to claim 13, wherein the setting unit is connected to the power converter using a transmission line, and the maximum output voltage is sequentially set. System data of the distribution system inputted by the input means, voltage data of a transformer for supplying voltage to the distribution system, load data of a load connected to the distribution system, and a power converter for controlling the output power to the maximum A power flow calculation program for causing a computer to calculate a node voltage of the distribution system using facility data of a distributed generation facility consisting of a plurality of power generation facilities connected to the distribution system via
A voltage display program for causing the display means to selectively display the maximum output voltage of the power converter such that the calculated node voltage falls within a predetermined range;
A power facility calculation program comprising:

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