JP2007290070A - Wiper for machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wiper for a machine tool capable of preventing wear due to a moving surface of a lip part and breakage due to a chip collision of the lip part. <P>SOLUTION: The wiper 30 for the machine tool has a mounting part 31, the lip part 32 which is formed from a rubber and formed bent to the mounting part 31, and a metal plate 36 attached to the back surface of the lip part 32. The lip part 32 is inclined to a moving surface 24E of a slide cover 24. The tip end part 36T of the metal plate 36 is contacted to the moving surface 24E. The front surface of the metal plate 36 is covered with the lip part 32. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a machine tool wiper used to scrape off chips and cutting fluid generated during machining of a machine tool.

  Conventionally, a machine tool is provided with a sliding cover that can slide in the direction of the spindle axis of the lathe. Chips and cutting fluid are placed inside the machine in the gap between the sliding cover and the fixed surface of the machine tool. It is known that machine tool wipers are used to prevent intrusion.

  As shown in FIG. 5 of Patent Document 1, the machine tool wiper has a cross-sectional shape that includes an attachment portion that is attached to the machine tool body and a lip portion that is bent with respect to the attachment portion. It is known to be formed from a letter-shaped rubber member. According to the wiper, chips and cutting fluid dropped on the moving surface by the tip of the lip portion are scraped off, thereby preventing chips and the like from entering the gap between the sliding cover and the fixed surface. .

  However, the sliding cover of a machine tool becomes uneven due to the collision of chips and becomes a file shape, so that when the lip part is made of rubber, the lip part is quickly worn by the sliding cover. The wiper life cannot be secured sufficiently.

  Moreover, as described in FIGS. 2 and 3 of Patent Document 1, a wiper is known in which a thin metal plate is attached to the front surface of the lip portion of the wiper, and the thin metal plate is protruded from the tip of the lip portion. According to this configuration, the portion that contacts the sliding cover is made of metal, so that the wiper is not significantly worn by the sliding cover.

However, in this wiper, since the metal thin plate is exposed and provided on the front surface of the lip portion, the metal thin plate may be warped or damaged early due to chip collision. Therefore, for example, it is conceivable to form the metal thin plate with a metal having high strength. However, if the strength of the metal thin plate is increased, the metal thin plate will not bend sufficiently and the followability of the lip portion with respect to the sliding cover will be reduced. There is a problem that the sliding cover of the machine tool is damaged by the thin plate.
JP-A-8-085039

  Then, this invention is made in view of the said problem, and it aims at providing the wiper for machine tools which can prevent the damage resulting from a chip collision, and the abrasion by a moving surface. .

  A machine tool wiper according to the present invention is a machine tool wiper for scraping off machining scraps that are generated during machining of a machine tool and dropped or adhered to a moving surface that moves relative to the machine tool. The lip portion is formed from rubber and is inclined with respect to the moving surface, and the metal plate is attached to the back surface of the lip portion facing the moving surface. The metal plate is in contact with the surface, and the front surface of the metal plate is covered with a lip portion.

  The followability of the lip portion with respect to the contact surface can be improved by decreasing the thickness of the lip portion, for example, toward the tip portion. In this case, for example, the front side of the lip portion has a shape that is inclined more than the back surface of the lip portion and is cut by an inclined surface that passes through the tip portion of the lip portion.

  The tip of the lip portion has a shape cut by a vertical surface that is substantially perpendicular to the moving surface, for example, and the tip of the metal plate has a shape cut by the same surface as the vertical surface. Also good.

  The lip portion includes, for example, a main body portion and a back portion of the lip portion that protrudes from the front end portion of the main body portion and is thinner than the main body portion, and the metal plate is attached to the back surface of the main body portion and the back surface of the thin wall portion. May be. Even in such a configuration, the followability of the lip portion with respect to the moving surface can be improved.

  The JIS A hardness of the lip rubber is preferably 40 to 95. By making the hardness of the rubber within this range, the followability of the lip portion with respect to the moving surface can be improved. In the present specification, JIS A hardness refers to the hardness measured according to JIS K6253.

  The hardness of the metal plate is preferably not more than the hardness of the moving surface. Further, the moving surface is made of, for example, metal. By setting the hardness of the metal plate to be equal to or lower than the hardness of the moving surface, the moving surface is hardly damaged by the metal surface. Further, in the present invention, since processing scraps such as chips do not collide with the metal plate, even if the hardness of the metal plate is lowered, there is no possibility that the metal plate is damaged early. In addition, the hardness of a metal plate and a moving surface in this specification means the Vickers hardness measured by JISZ2244.

  In the present invention, since the metal plate is attached to the back surface of the lip portion, the portion that contacts the moving surface of the wiper can be made of metal, so that the wiper can be prevented from being worn by the moving surface. Moreover, since the front surface of the metal plate is covered with the lip portion, it is possible to prevent the metal plate from being damaged by the chips that collide with the wiper from the front surface side of the lip portion.

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a lathe (machine tool) 20 to which a machine tool wiper of the present invention is applied.

  The lathe 20 includes a head stock 19 that rotatably supports a main shaft 21 and a tool post 22 that is slidable in the X and Y directions. A workpiece held on the main shaft 21 is a tool post 22. It is processed with a knife. The tool post 22 is attached to the sliding head 23, and the tool post 22 slides in the Y direction along the sliding head 23. The sliding head 23 is covered with a sliding cover 24 made of a metal such as a sheet metal, and the sliding head 23 and the entire sliding cover 24 slide in the X direction by a sliding mechanism in the sliding cover 24. A fixed cover 25 is attached to the side end surface of the headstock 19, and a frame portion 28 is provided at the end portion of the fixed cover 25 so as to face the sliding cover 24, and between the frame portion 28 and the sliding cover 24. Causes a gap A (see FIG. 4).

  When the workpiece is machined, machining scraps 27 (for example, chips and cutting fluid) are dropped or attached onto the sliding cover 24. A machine tool wiper 30 is provided on the frame portion 28 of the lathe 20 in order to prevent the machining waste 27 from entering the gap A (see FIG. 4) as the sliding cover 24 is displaced.

  A machine tool wiper 30 according to a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the wiper 30 has a plate shape and a mounting portion 31 for mounting on the machine tool side, and a lip portion 32 that is bent with respect to the mounting portion 31 and has a plate shape. And has a substantially U-shaped cross section. The attachment portion 31 is formed of a rubber body, and a reinforcing plate 34 made of metal is embedded on the front side thereof (that is, the side where the lip portion is bent). The lip portion 32 is formed integrally with a rubber body of the attachment portion 31 from rubber. On the front side of the connecting portion between the attachment portion 31 and the lip portion 32, a groove 35 having a substantially arc-shaped cross section and extending in the longitudinal direction L is formed. A plurality of screw holes 33 are arranged in the attachment portion 31 in the longitudinal direction L of the wiper 30.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the lower portion of the attachment portion 31 is slightly bent, and the bent lower portion is connected to a lip portion 32 that is further bent from the lower portion. That is, the back surface of the attachment portion 31 is formed of a vertical surface 31A and an inclined surface 31B slightly inclined from the vertical surface 31A, and a back surface 32A of the lip portion 32 further inclined from the inclined surface 31B is connected to the inclined surface 31B. The Similarly, the front surface of the mounting portion 31 is also provided with a vertical surface 31C and an inclined surface 31D slightly inclined from the vertical surface 31C. The inclined surface 31D is connected to the groove 35, and the groove 35 is further inclined than the inclined surface 31D. The lip portion 32 is connected to the front surface 32B.

  On the back surface 32 </ b> A side of the lip portion 32, a metal plate 36 having a smaller thickness than the attachment portion 31 and the lip portion 32 is provided. The front surface of the metal plate 36 is affixed to the back surface 32 </ b> A of the lip portion 32 and is completely covered by the lip portion 32.

  The tip portions 32T and 36T of the lip portion 32 and the metal plate 36 have a shape cut by a plane P parallel to the vertical surfaces 31A and 31C of the mounting portion 30. That is, the tip portion 32T of the lip portion 32 decreases as the thickness approaches the lower protrusion 32S.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the frame portion 28 connected to the fixed cover 25 of the lathe 20 (see FIG. 1) is provided perpendicular to the exposed surface (moving surface) 24E of the sliding cover 24, and the wiper 30 is attached. The part 31 is fixed to the frame part 28 by a screw 41 inserted through the screw hole 33. Here, the attachment portion 31 is attached such that the vertical surface 31A is along the frame portion 28, and the vertical surfaces 31A and 31C of the attachment portion 31 are provided perpendicular to the exposed surface 24E, whereby the surface P is also exposed to the exposed surface 24E. It becomes perpendicular to. Further, since the lip portion 32 is inclined with respect to the exposed surface 24E, the back surface 32A of the lip portion 32 is thereby opposed to the exposed surface 24E, and the metal plate 36 attached to the back surface 32A is located below the lip portion 32. Be placed. Therefore, when the wiper 30 is attached to the lathe 20, the tip 32T of the lip portion 32 does not contact the exposed surface 24E, but the tip portion 36T of the metal plate 36 contacts the exposed surface 24E as shown in FIG. Become.

  As the rubber component of the attachment portion 31 and the lip portion 32, for example, nitrile rubber, hydrogenated nitrile rubber, chloroprene rubber, urethane rubber, styrene butadiene rubber, fluorine rubber, or the like is used. The metal plate 36 is made of a spring material, a metal steel plate, a brass material, or the like. In the case where a brass material or a spring material is used for the metal plate 36, since these materials have relatively low rigidity, there is little risk of damaging the sliding cover 24. For the same reason, the hardness of the metal plate 36 is preferably less than or equal to the hardness of the sliding cover 24 (that is, the exposed surface 24E).

  The JIS A hardness of the rubber body of the attachment portion 31 and the rubber of the lip portion 32 is preferably 40 to 95. If the hardness is too low, the rubber is too soft, so that the lip portion 32 is greatly displaced as the sliding cover 24 moves up and down, and the lip portion 32 may be separated from the sliding cover 24. If the hardness of the rubber is too high, the lip portion 32 cannot follow the vertical fluctuation of the sliding cover 24 and the lip portion 32 may be separated from the sliding cover 24.

  In the present embodiment, the tip of the metal plate 36 contacts the exposed surface 24E, and the lip portion 32 formed from rubber does not contact the exposed surface 24E. Therefore, even if the exposed surface 24E is uneven. The lip portion 32 is not worn by the exposed surface 24E. Further, since the metal plate 36 is superior in wear resistance compared to rubber, the metal plate 36 that contacts the exposed surface 24E is hardly worn by the exposed surface 24E. Therefore, in this embodiment, the lifetime of the wiper can be extended.

  In the present embodiment, chips such as chips collide with the wiper from the front side, but the front surface of the metal plate 36 is completely covered with the rubber of the lip portion 32, so Powder etc. will not collide. Therefore, there is no possibility that the metal plate 36 is damaged by the collision of chips or the like. Since the lip portion 32 has rubber elasticity, the lip portion 32 is less likely to be damaged and deformed by collision of chips or the like than the metal plate 36.

  Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the groove 35 is provided in the connection portion between the attachment portion 31 and the lip portion 32, the lip portion 32 moves up and down with a relatively small force with the connection portion with the attachment portion 31 as a fulcrum. Can swing. Therefore, even when the sliding cover 24 is swung up and down, the lip portion 32 follows the sliding cover 24 with good responsiveness and does not leave the sliding cover 24. In the present embodiment, the tip of the lip portion 32 has a shape cut by the surface P perpendicular to the exposed surface 24E, so that the lip portion 32 follows the sliding cover 24 without generating a large resistance force. can do. Further, since the lip portion 32 is connected to the lower end portion of the attachment portion 31 that is slightly bent (that is, because the attachment portion 31 is provided with the inclined surfaces 31B and 31D), the lip portion 32 is easily deformed, and Followability is improved.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a machine tool wiper according to a second embodiment. Since the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment only in the shape of the lip portion 32, the difference will be described below.

  The lip portion 32 in the second embodiment protrudes from the back side at the main body portion 32X connected to the lower end portion of the attachment portion 31 and the front end portion of the main body portion 32X, is formed thinner than the main body portion 32X, and has a uniform thickness. A thin portion 32Y. The main body 32X and the thin portion 32Y are similarly inclined with respect to the exposed surface 24E, and the back surfaces of the main body 32X and the thin portion 32Y are formed as the same back surface 32A having the same inclination. In addition, the front-end | tip part of the main-body part 32X exhibits the shape cut | disconnected by the surface P perpendicular | vertical to the exposed surface 24E similarly to the front-end | tip part 32T of the lip | rip part 32 of 1st Embodiment.

  The front surface 36 </ b> A of the metal plate 36 is affixed to the rear surface 32 </ b> A of the lip portion 32, and the front surface 36 </ b> A of the metal plate 36 is completely covered with the lip portion 32. With such a configuration, the metal plate 36 is disposed on the lower side of the lip portion 32, so that the tip portion 36T of the metal plate 36 is in contact with the exposed surface 24E.

  Also in the second embodiment, the tip of the metal plate 36 contacts the exposed surface 24E, and the lip portion 32 formed of rubber does not contact the exposed surface 24E. Therefore, the wiper 30 is almost worn by the sliding cover 24. It can be extended and its life can be extended. Further, since the front surface of the metal plate 36 is completely covered with the rubber of the lip portion 32, there is no possibility that the metal plate 36 is damaged by collision of chips or the like. Although the thin portion 32Y is thin like the metal plate 36, it is formed of rubber and has high elasticity, so that it is not greatly damaged and deformed by the collision of chips or the like.

  In the second embodiment, the tip of the lip 32 is formed thinner than the main body 32X, so that the tip of the lip 32 can be deformed with a small amount of stress. Compared with the first embodiment, the followability to the sliding cover 24 is improved.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a machine tool wiper according to a third embodiment. Since the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment only in the shape of the lip portion 32, the difference will be described below.

  The back surface 32A of the lip portion 32 in the third embodiment is composed of a back surface 32A having the same inclination as in the first embodiment, but the front surface 32B is more inclined than the back surface 32A with respect to the exposed surface 24E and the lip portion. The shape cut | disconnected by the inclined surface which passes 32 front-end | tip parts 32T is exhibited. That is, the front surface 32B is composed of a parallel surface 35E that is parallel to the back surface 32A and extends obliquely downward and forward from the groove 35, and an inclined surface 32F that is further connected to the inclined front end portion 32T with respect to the parallel surface 32E. The thickness decreases toward the tip 32T. The tip portion 32T of the lip portion 32 has a shape cut by a plane P perpendicular to the exposed surface 24E, as in the first embodiment.

  As described above, in the third embodiment, the thickness of the lip portion 32 becomes smaller toward the tip portion, so that the followability to the sliding cover 24 is improved.

  FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the tip of the machine tool wiper according to the fourth embodiment. Since the fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment only in the shape of the tip portion 36T of the metal plate 36, the difference will be described below.

  The front surface of the metal plate 36 of the present embodiment is affixed to the back surface 32A of the lip portion 32, and the front end portion 36T is inclined by an inclined surface P ′ that is opposite to the inclination direction of the lip portion 32 with respect to the exposed surface 24E. Presents a cut shape. Even in such a configuration, the tip 36T of the metal plate 36 is in contact with the exposed surface 24E and the lip portion 32 formed of rubber is not in contact with the exposed surface 24E, as in the first embodiment. It is hardly worn by the sliding cover 24, and its life can be extended.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated concretely using an Example, this invention is not necessarily limited by the Example described below.
[Performance comparison by rubber hardness difference]
In order to compare the performance of the wiper for machine tools according to the present invention due to the difference in rubber hardness, Experimental Examples 1 to 7 shown below were performed.

  Experimental Examples 1 to 7 were performed using the wiper of the second embodiment shown in FIG. The wipers of Experimental Examples 1 to 7 have an overall height of 30 mm and a length from the upper end portion of the mounting portion to the lower end portion (that is, the upper end portion of the mounting portion to the upper end portion of the metal plate) is 22.5 mm. The length of the back surface of the main body portion of the lip portion was 11.5 mm, and the length of the back surface of the thin wall portion was 3 mm. That is, the length from the upper end to the lower end of the metal plate was 14.5 mm. A spring material was used as the metal plate. Further, nitrile rubber was used for the rubber body of the lip portion and the mounting portion, and the JIS A hardness thereof was 30, 40, 60, 70, 80, 95, and 97 in Experimental Examples 1 to 7, respectively. In Experimental Examples 1 to 7, a wiper having the same configuration was used except for the hardness of the rubber body of the lip portion and the attachment portion.

  The wipers of Experimental Examples 1 to 7 are always in a state in which chips made of iron, copper and aluminum collide, and the wiper scrapes after the sliding cover is slid back and forth at 30 km / h and slid 100 km / h. By confirming, the performance evaluation of the wipers of Experimental Examples 1 to 7 was performed.

In Table 1, “×” indicates that a chip leak occurred between the sliding cover and the wiper, “△” indicates that a slight amount of chip leak occurred, and “◯” indicates that almost a chip leak occurred. “◎” indicates that no chip leakage occurred.

  As shown in Table 1, the wiper scraping performance was good when the rubber hardness was 40 to 95, and the wiper scraping performance was even better when the hardness was 60 to 80. That is, in the present invention, it can be understood that the scraping performance of the wiper can be improved by appropriately setting the rubber hardness.

[Running test evaluation]
A running test evaluation was performed using the wiper (rubber hardness: 70) of Experimental Example 4 and the wiper of Conventional Example 1. The wiper of Conventional Example 1 is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, the wiper 30 ′ of Conventional Example 1 has a mounting portion 31 ′ and a lip portion 32 ′, similar to the wiper of Experimental Example 4, and a reinforcing plate 34 ′ on the front surface of the mounting portion 31 ′. Was buried. The front surface and the back surface of the attachment portion 31 ′ are formed of the same vertical surface, and the back surface of the lip portion 32 ′ is inclined more gently than the front surface of the lip portion 32 ′ with respect to the exposed surface 24 E ′. The thickness of 'decreased as it approached the tip. The metal plate 36 ′ was affixed to the front surface of the lip portion 32 ′ and protruded from the tip portion of the lip portion 32 ′, and the front surface of the metal plate 36 ′ was exposed. The wiper of Conventional Example 1 had an overall height of 32 mm, and the metal and rubber materials were the same as in Experimental Example 4.

The wiper of Experimental Example 4 and Conventional Example 1 is always in a state where chips made of iron, copper, and aluminum collide, and the sliding cover is slid back and forth at a speed of 30 km / h, and the wiper is scraped every 100 km. Each wiper was evaluated by confirming the condition of the lip portion.

  As shown in Table 2, the wiper of Experimental Example 4 did not change in the state of the lip portion and did not cause any chip leakage when sliding at 100 to 500 km. On the other hand, when the wiper of Conventional Example 1 was slid 100 km, the state of the lip portion did not change and no chip leakage occurred, but when it was slid 200 km, the metal plate warped slightly. It was. When the metal plate was slid by 300 or 400 km, the metal plate was further warped, and when the metal plate was slid by 500 km, the metal plate was damaged. That is, in the wiper of the conventional example 1, the metal plate is damaged early due to the chip collision, but even if the same chip is collided with the wiper of the present embodiment, the wiper is not damaged, compared with the conventional wiper. It can be understood that the lifetime is improved.

It is a schematic perspective view which shows an example of the machine tool to which the wiper of this invention is applied. It is a perspective view of the wiper of a 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the wiper of 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing when the wiper of 1st Embodiment is attached to the machine tool. It is sectional drawing of the wiper of 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the wiper of 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing in the front-end | tip part of the wiper of 4th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing of the wiper of a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

20 Lathe (machine tool)
24 Sliding cover 24E Exposed surface (moving surface)
30 Wiper 31 Mounting portion 32 Lip portion 32A Rear surface 32B Front surface 36 Metal plate

Claims (8)

A wiper for a machine tool for scraping off processing waste that is generated during machining of a machine tool and is dropped or adhered to a moving surface that moves relative to the machine tool,
A lip portion formed of rubber and provided to be inclined with respect to the moving surface;
A metal plate with a front surface attached to the back surface of the lip portion facing the moving surface;
A wiper for machine tools, wherein a front end portion of the metal plate is in contact with the moving surface, and a front surface of the metal plate is covered with the lip portion.   2. The machine tool wiper according to claim 1, wherein a tip portion of the lip portion has a shape cut by a vertical surface that is substantially perpendicular to the moving surface. 3.   The machine tool wiper according to claim 2, wherein a tip portion of the metal plate has a shape cut by the vertical surface.   The machine tool wiper according to claim 1, wherein the lip portion has a thickness that decreases toward a tip portion thereof.   5. The machine tool wiper according to claim 4, wherein a front surface side of the lip portion has a shape that is inclined more greatly than a rear surface of the lip portion and is cut by an inclined surface passing through a tip portion of the lip portion. .   The lip portion includes a main body portion and a thin-walled portion that protrudes from a back side of the lip portion at a tip portion of the main-body portion, and is thinner than the main-body portion, and the metal plate includes the back surface of the main-body portion and the thin-walled portion. The machine tool wiper according to claim 1, wherein the wiper is attached to a back surface of the machine tool.   2. The machine tool wiper according to claim 1, wherein the rubber of the lip portion has a JIS A hardness of 40 to 95. 3.   The machine tool wiper according to claim 1, wherein the hardness of the metal plate is equal to or less than the hardness of the moving surface.