JP2007283190A - Method and apparatus for separation of sand and silt fraction - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple apparatus which can remove, efficiently in a short time, fine particles containing harmful silt from a fine aggregate of a high content of silt, e.g. pit sand, and purify to a good-quality fine aggregate. <P>SOLUTION: A separation method comprises separating to-be-separated sand 1 into a sludge-like viscous fluid 5 of silt which adheres to the inside surface of the carrying passage 4 and moves downstream and wet 6 which moves downstream without adhesion to the inside surface of the passage, within the carrying passage 4, by pressure-feeding the sand 1, together with water 2 and high-pressure air 3, through a carrying passage 4, and taking out the wet sand 6 and the sludge-like fluid 5 at different locations in the carrying passage 4. The separation apparatus for the method is also provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a sand and silt separation method and apparatus for separating and separating mountain sand, sea sand, and the like having a high silt content (silt, clay) into sand and silt.

  In order to build a high-quality building with high durability using high-quality concrete and high-quality mortar, it is assumed that high-quality fine aggregate is used as the fine aggregate for concrete and mortar. Due to the decrease in river sand and river sand collection area, and the regulation of sea sand collection, mass acquisition of high-quality fine aggregates with low silt content is becoming difficult year by year. Therefore, there is a strong demand for the development of a system capable of efficiently removing fine particles containing harmful silt from fine aggregates having a high silt content such as mountain sand in a short time.

  Sea sand has a relatively low silt content like river sand, but in order to make high-quality fine aggregates that do not cause rusting of rebars and steel frames, salt removal by washing away is indispensable. Inferior to river sand in this respect. Further, Patent Document 1 proposes a separation processing method and apparatus that separates excavation residue and sludge discharged from a construction site into gravel, sand, silt, and the like. However, this conventional technique is a separation method in which a clay lump is crushed by jetting high-pressure jet water and filtered through a rotating wire mesh immersed in water. Therefore, a nozzle that jets high-pressure jet water, a rotating wire mesh, rotating Not only is the equipment configuration complicated, requiring many components such as a water tank with a partly immersed metal mesh body, a conveyor to carry separated sand out of the water tank, etc., the processing takes time, and it is predetermined. It is not rational as a method and apparatus for separating fine aggregates that have been sieved to a particle size of less than the size of sand and silt.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-239288

  The present invention has been made with the above points in mind, and with a simple apparatus configuration, fine particles containing harmful silt can be quickly removed from fine aggregates having a high silt content such as mountain sand. It is an object to make it possible to efficiently remove fine particles and to refine fine aggregates.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, technical measures taken by the present invention are as follows. That is, the invention according to claim 1 is a method for separating sand and silt, wherein the separation target sand and water are pumped together with high-pressure air through the conveyance flow path, thereby separating the separation target sand in the conveyance flow path. Are separated into sludge-like viscous fluid due to silt that moves to the downstream side while adhering to the inner surface of the flow path and wet sand that moves to the downstream side without adhering to the inner surface of the flow path. It is characterized by taking out sand and sludge-like viscous fluid due to silt in different places.

  The invention according to claim 2 is a separation device for sand and silt, wherein the separation target sand and water are rotated together with the high pressure air so that the driving wheel of the traveling carriage rotates while being pressed against the lower surface of the rail. By passing the pressure through, the sludge-like viscous fluid due to the silt that moves to the downstream side while the separation target sand adheres to the inner surface of the flow channel in the transport channel, and to the downstream side without adhering to the inner surface of the channel It is characterized in that it is separated from the moving wet sand, and the wet sand and the sludge-like viscous fluid due to silt are taken out from the transport channel to different places.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the sand and silt separation device according to claim 2, wherein a transport hose forming a transport flow path, a water pump for supplying water to the transport hose, and high-pressure air are supplied. And an air compressor and a hopper for supplying the separation target sand to the transport hose on the downstream side of the supply position of water and high-pressure air.

  The invention described in claim 4 is the sand and silt separation device according to claim 2, wherein a transport hose forming a transport channel, and a mixture of separation target sand and water are supplied to the transport hose. It is characterized by comprising a pressure feeder and an air compressor connected to the pressure feeder.

  A fifth aspect of the present invention is the sand and silt separating apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect, wherein the transport hose is coiled.

  According to the first and second aspects of the present invention, a simple apparatus configuration in which the separation target sand containing a certain amount of moisture is transported by high-pressure air can be used to reduce the amount of silt content such as mountain sand. It is possible to efficiently remove fine particles containing harmful silt from the aggregate in a short time and to refine a fine fine aggregate.

  That is, when the sand to be separated (fine aggregate containing silt) is pumped through the transport channel with high-pressure air in a state where water is added, the silt having a small particle size is mixed with moisture. Since viscosity becomes high, it becomes a sludge-like viscous fluid. Since this sludge-like viscous fluid has viscosity, it moves slowly to the downstream side while adhering to the inner surface of the flow path, but sand with a large particle size does not have viscosity even when moisture is added. The liquid flows in a concentrated manner toward the center of the flow path without adhering to the liquid and moves at a higher speed than the viscous fluid.

  Then, due to the difference in the movement path and the difference in movement speed, the separation target sand is gradually clarified into a sludge-like viscous fluid due to silt and wet sand not containing silt in the transport channel. For example, sludge-like viscous fluid is dropped from the outlet of the transport channel by attractive force, and non-viscous sand is scattered farther than the sludge-like viscous fluid falls due to the law of inertia. By using a simple method, it is possible to take out wet sand and sludge-like viscous fluid due to silt from the transfer channel to different locations, and use a nozzle, rotating wire mesh, and rotating wire mesh that eject high-pressure jet water. There is no need for a water tank that is partly immersed, a conveyor that carries the separated sand out of the water tank, and the like.

  When the separation target sand and water are pumped together with the high-pressure air through the conveyance channel, the separation target sand and water may be separately supplied to the conveyance channel, and the separation target sand and water are mixed in advance. You may supply to a conveyance flow path. That is, the sand and silt separating device according to claim 2 is the same as the invention according to claim 3, the transport hose forming the transport flow path, the water pump for supplying water to the transport hose, and the high pressure An air compressor that supplies air and a hopper that supplies the separation sand to the transport hose on the downstream side of the supply position of water and high-pressure air may be provided, as in the invention according to claim 4. Also, a transport hose that forms a transport channel, a pressure feeder that supplies the transport hose with a mixture of sand to be separated and water, and an air compressor connected to the pressure feeder may be provided.

  In any case, as in the invention described in claim 5, by winding the transfer hose in a coil shape, the length of the transfer flow path is sufficiently long while the apparatus configuration is made compact, so that the transfer flow described above is achieved. It is possible to reliably perform the sorting operation in the road.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1 shows an example of a sand and silt separation device configured as a plant installed at a fixed position. As shown in FIG. 2, this apparatus is configured so that the separation target sand (fine aggregate containing silt) 1 and water 2 are pumped together with the high-pressure air 3 through the transport channel 4, thereby causing Separation target sand 1 is separated into sludge-like viscous fluid 5 due to silt that moves downstream while adhering to the inner surface of the flow path, and wet sand 6 that moves downstream without adhering to the inner surface of the flow path. The wet hose 6 and the sludge-like viscous fluid 5 due to silt are taken out from the transfer flow path 4 to different places, a transfer hose 7 that forms the transfer flow path 4, and a transfer hose. A water pump 8 with a flow meter for supplying water 2 to 7 and an air compressor 9 for supplying high-pressure air 3, and the separation target sand 1 to the transport hose 7 on the downstream side of the supply position of water 2 and high-pressure air 3 With hopper 10 to That. 11 is a water tank, 12 is a water supply hose, and 13 is a high-pressure air supply hose.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the bottom of the hopper 10 is provided with a screw conveyor 14 having improved wear resistance by ceramic coating, and the separation target sand 1 in the hopper 10 is fed into the transport channel 4 by a set flow rate. It is configured to be extended. Although not shown, a vibrator is provided at the bottom of the hopper 10 in place of the screw conveyor 14, and separation processing is performed by vibration of the hopper 10 by the vibrator and a corander effect generated at the outlet from the hopper 10 due to the flow of the high-pressure air 3. You may comprise so that the object sand 1 may be drawn | fed out in the conveyance flow path 4 according to setting flow volume.

  A funnel 15 is disposed immediately below the outlet 4 a of the transport channel 4, and is configured to guide the sludge-like viscous fluid 5 that has dropped from the outlet 4 a to the first container 16. A second container 17 that receives sand (wet sand 6) that has jumped out of the transport channel 4 is disposed at a position away from the outlet 4a of the transport channel 4 in the channel extension direction, and a chute 18 provided at the bottom thereof. Thus, the sand stored in the second container 17 is taken out.

  The conveyance hose 7 that forms the conveyance channel 4 is wound in a coil shape around the longitudinal axis, thereby reducing the size of the apparatus (plant) and at the same time, It is configured to ensure the required height of the outlet 4 a of the transport channel 4.

  According to the above-described configuration, the separation target sand 1 is added with the appropriate amount of water 2 (preferably water corresponding to the maximum surface water ratio of the fine aggregate) 2 and the high-pressure air 3 together with the conveying flow path 4. When continuously pumped, as shown in FIG. 2, the silt portion (silt, clay) a having a small particle size adhering to the surface of the sand 6 is mixed with moisture and becomes viscous. The viscous fluid 5 becomes. Since the sludge-like viscous fluid 5 has viscosity, it moves slowly to the downstream side while adhering to the inner surface of the flow path (inner wall of the transport hose 7). Since it does not have viscosity, it does not adhere to the inner surface of the flow path but flows in a concentrated manner toward the center of the flow path and moves faster than the viscous fluid 5.

  Then, due to the difference in the movement path and the difference in movement speed, the separation target sand 1 is converted into a sludge-like viscous fluid 5 due to silt and wet sand 6 not including silt in the transport channel 4. The sludge-like viscous fluid 5 drops from the outlet 4a of the conveying channel 4 to the funnel 15 by attractive force, and the non-viscous sand 6 is sludge-like viscous flow according to the law of inertia. The animal 5 is scattered farther than the dropping position of the animal 5 and taken out to the second container 17.

  In this way, by a simple device configuration in which the separation target sand 1 containing a certain amount of water is pumped with high-pressure air 3, harmful silt is removed from fine aggregates having a high silt content such as mountain sand. The contained fine particles can be efficiently removed in a short time, and it becomes possible to purify a fine aggregate of good quality.

  FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention, which is characterized in that the separation target sand 1 and the water 2 are mixed in advance before being supplied to the transport channel 4. That is, the separation device includes a transport hose 7 that forms a transport channel 4, a pressure feeder 19 that supplies the transport hose 7 with a mixture of sand 1 and water 2 to be separated, and an air compressor connected to the pressure feeder 19. 9, the separation target sand 1 and the water 2 are mixed inside the pressure feeder 19, the mixture is sent to the transport hose 7 by the pressure feeder 19, and is pumped by high-pressure air supplied from the air compressor 9. It is constituted as follows. 20 is a water supply vehicle. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the embodiment of FIGS. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the sand and silt separation device is configured as a movable plant, but may be implemented as a stationary plant as in FIG. 1.

In each of the embodiments described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3, the length of the transport channel 4 is preferably 10 m or longer. This is because if it is less than 10 m, sand and silt are not sufficiently separated. Moreover, there is no technical upper limit on the length of the transport flow path 4, but if it is too long, not only will the apparatus become large and the weight will be disadvantageous, but also the air compressor 9 will not be able to transport unless the capacity is high. It is also uneconomical. Therefore, in consideration of these, the length of the transport channel 4 is most preferably 20 to 200 m. The cross-sectional shape of the transport channel 4 is not particularly limited, but a circular cross-section is preferable because it can be transported most smoothly. Further, the cross-sectional area of the conveying channel 4 is less than 5 cm ² when would be if extremely suppressed the amount of sand that can transport flow passage clogged at a time, since only bulky be greater than 300 cm ^2, 5 It is desirable to set it to ˜300 cm ^2, and the cross-sectional area of the transport channel 4 is most preferably 15 to 100 cm ² in consideration of the workability and efficiency of the separation work.

It is a side view of the separation device for sand and silt showing an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure explaining the isolation | separation method of the sand and a silt part by the said apparatus. It is a side view of the separation device of sand and silt which shows other embodiments of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Sand to be treated 2 Water 3 High-pressure air 4 Transport flow path 5 Sludge-like viscous fluid 6 Sand

Claims (5)

  By feeding the separation target sand and water together with the high-pressure air through the conveying channel, the sludge-like viscous fluid due to the silt that moves downstream while adhering the separation target sand to the inner surface of the channel in the conveying channel And the wet sand that moves to the downstream side without adhering to the inner surface of the flow path, and the wet sand and the sludge-like viscous fluid due to silt are taken out from the transport flow path to different locations. To separate sand and silt.   By feeding the separation target sand and water together with the high-pressure air through the conveying channel, the sludge-like viscous fluid due to the silt that moves downstream while adhering the separation target sand to the inner surface of the channel in the conveying channel And wet sand that moves downstream without adhering to the inner surface of the flow path, and the wet sand and sludge-like viscous fluid due to silt are taken out from the transport flow path to different locations. A separator for sand and silt.   The sand and silt separation device according to claim 2, wherein a transport hose forming a transport flow path, a water pump for supplying water to the transport hose, an air compressor for supplying high-pressure air, and water and high-pressure air A separator for separating sand and silt, comprising a hopper for supplying the separation target sand to the transport hose on the downstream side of the supply position.   The sand and silt separation device according to claim 2, wherein the transport hose forms a transport flow path, the pressure feeder supplies the separation target sand and water mixture to the transport hose, and is connected to the pressure feeder. A sand and silt separation device characterized by comprising an air compressor.   The sand and silt separating device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the transport hose is wound in a coil shape.

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