JP2007277374A - Method for producing bio-diesel through transesterification/esterification reaction of vegetable oil or animal oil and fat with alcohol induced by microwave irradiation - Google Patents
Method for producing bio-diesel through transesterification/esterification reaction of vegetable oil or animal oil and fat with alcohol induced by microwave irradiation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2007277374A JP2007277374A JP2006104316A JP2006104316A JP2007277374A JP 2007277374 A JP2007277374 A JP 2007277374A JP 2006104316 A JP2006104316 A JP 2006104316A JP 2006104316 A JP2006104316 A JP 2006104316A JP 2007277374 A JP2007277374 A JP 2007277374A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- reaction
- transesterification
- biodiesel
- vegetable oil
- microwave irradiation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Landscapes
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本発明は、酸またはアルカリ溶媒において、植物油、動物油脂、および一般に脂肪酸と、アルコールとの、エステル交換、またはエステル化反応を通じて脂肪酸モノアルキルエステルを生産する方法に関する。この反応は、915 MHzおよび/または2,450 MHzのマイクロ波周波数範囲のエネルギーを使用する適応的反応基を用いて実行される。 The present invention relates to a method for producing a fatty acid monoalkyl ester through transesterification or esterification reaction of a vegetable oil, animal fat, and generally a fatty acid with an alcohol in an acid or alkaline solvent. This reaction is performed using an adaptive reactive group that uses energy in the microwave frequency range of 915 MHz and / or 2,450 MHz.
従来、脂肪酸モノアルキルエステルは、反応溶媒において植物または動物脂肪から生産されるが、該溶媒において、混合物加熱は、反応装置を被覆することによって、および/または、蒸気または熱水を用いる管状コイルによって行っている。常態として、反応は、アルカリ性溶媒中で行われる。なぜなら、通常、その方が、酸性溶媒の場合よりも速く、コントロールが容易で、かつより効率的だからである。この反応を、前述の加熱装置を用いて酸性溶媒中で実行することも可能であるが、この方法は回避される。なぜなら、この方法では、反応時間が長くなるのみならず、より高い温度が用いられるからである。この反応はさらに、複数の異種触媒、すなわち、遷移金属と酵素(例えばリパーゼ)を用いて実行することも可能である。 Traditionally, fatty acid monoalkyl esters are produced from plant or animal fats in a reaction solvent, in which the mixture heating is by coating the reactor and / or by a tubular coil using steam or hot water. Is going. As usual, the reaction is carried out in an alkaline solvent. This is because it is usually faster, easier to control and more efficient than an acidic solvent. Although it is possible to carry out this reaction in an acidic solvent using the aforementioned heating device, this method is avoided. This is because this method not only increases the reaction time, but also uses higher temperatures. This reaction can also be carried out using multiple heterogeneous catalysts, ie transition metals and enzymes (eg lipases).
エステル交換またはエステル化反応は、植物油、動物油脂、または脂肪酸を、アルコールおよび、同種(酸または塩基であってもよい)または異種触媒(例えば遷移金属または酵素)と混合することによって引き起こすことが可能である。場合によって、反応を滑らかに進めるためには、反応混合物を加熱することも必要である。蒸気または熱水の使用は、ゆっくりとした、不均一な加熱を進めるので、温度を調節することが難しい。機械的攪拌を用いても、加熱被覆(ジャケット)の場合、熱は内に向かい、コイルの場合、熱は外に向かう。この過程に関連する問題点は、通常、理想の反応温度を実現するのにも、過程全体を実行するのにも長い時間が必要とされること;異種触媒のために、触媒に関連して高コストを要する不利が挙げられる。さらに、塩基性触媒過程であるために、脂肪酸が存在するとソープが形成されるためにモノアルキルエステルが失われるという問題がある。ソープの形成は、酸性度の低い精製油を用いることによって防止することが可能であるが、ただし、その場合、過程全体のコストが増大するという犠牲を伴う。 The transesterification or esterification reaction can be triggered by mixing vegetable oils, animal fats or fatty acids with alcohols and the same (which can be acids or bases) or heterogeneous catalysts (eg transition metals or enzymes). It is. In some cases, it is also necessary to heat the reaction mixture in order to facilitate the reaction. The use of steam or hot water makes it difficult to adjust the temperature because it promotes slow, non-uniform heating. Even with mechanical agitation, heat is directed inward in the case of a heated coating (jacket) and heat is directed outward in the case of a coil. The problem associated with this process is that it usually takes a long time to achieve the ideal reaction temperature and to carry out the entire process; There is a disadvantage that requires high costs. Furthermore, since it is a basic catalytic process, there is a problem that when a fatty acid is present, a monoalkyl ester is lost because a soap is formed. Soap formation can be prevented by using refined oils with low acidity, but at the expense of increasing the overall cost of the process.
Alberto Breccia Fracadocchi(イタリア)に賦与された特許文献1は、ある過程とマイクロ波照射装置を記載する。この著者は、塩基性溶媒における加水分解過程と、それに続くエステル化を報告する。反応の実行は、異種触媒によって促進される。 U.S. Patent No. 6,053,096 granted to Alberto Breccia Fracadocchi (Italy) describes a process and microwave irradiation apparatus. The author reports a hydrolysis process in a basic solvent followed by esterification. The performance of the reaction is facilitated by a heterogeneous catalyst.
マイクロ波周波数範囲、すなわち、2,450および915 MHzのエネルギーは、化学物質と相互作用を持ち、その構造に従って、加熱を伴う分子回転を引き起こすことはよく知られている。現時点に至るまで、レーダーや、熱処理においてもっともよく使用されるマイクロ波供給源はいわゆるマグネトロンである。マイクロ波発振器(マグネトロン)の大きな成功は、その低コスト、高効率、および、確かな安定性に求めることができる。 It is well known that energy in the microwave frequency range, ie 2,450 and 915 MHz, interacts with chemicals and causes molecular rotation with heating according to its structure. To date, the most commonly used microwave source in radar and heat treatment is the so-called magnetron. The great success of microwave oscillators (magnetrons) can be attributed to their low cost, high efficiency, and reliable stability.
本発明の目的は、マイクロ波発振器(マグネトロン)によるマイクロ波の使用を可能とするように開発された腔を備えた装置の使用法、および、マイクロ波照射によって、植物油、動物油脂、または脂肪酸のエステル交換またはエステル化を誘発し、その反応が酸性または塩基性溶媒において滑らかに進行するようにさせるためのこの装置の使用法である。マイクロ波照射は、加熱過程を加速し、酸性溶媒において、従来の加熱法と比べると反応がより短時間となるように促進する。本明細書に記載される過程は、確実で効率的であり、塩基性触媒過程と比べると、生産物をより高い収率で供給する。なぜなら、本発明の過程は、ソープ形成を回避し、遊離脂肪酸の存在を利用することが可能であり、この場合、これが反応をさらに加速することになるからである。従って、油/動物油脂の純度要求は、従来の塩基性触媒過程の場合よりも低くなり、この酸性溶媒におけるマイクロ波誘発過程は、従来過程よりもはるかに安価なものとなる。 The object of the present invention is to use a device with a cavity developed to enable the use of microwaves by a microwave oscillator (magnetron), and to irradiate vegetable oils, animal fats or fatty acids by microwave irradiation. The use of this apparatus to induce transesterification or esterification and allow the reaction to proceed smoothly in acidic or basic solvents. Microwave irradiation accelerates the heating process and promotes the reaction to be shorter in an acidic solvent compared to conventional heating methods. The process described herein is reliable and efficient and provides a higher yield of product compared to the basic catalytic process. This is because the process of the present invention can avoid soap formation and take advantage of the presence of free fatty acids, which in this case will further accelerate the reaction. Therefore, the purity requirements of the oil / animal fat are lower than in the case of the conventional basic catalyst process, and the microwave-induced process in this acidic solvent is much cheaper than the conventional process.
本発明は、マイクロ波発振器によって反応腔に導入される、マイクロ波周波数(2,450および915 MHz)範囲の電磁波の使用に基づく。マイクロ波周波数(2,450および915 MHz)と、植物油、動物油脂、または脂肪酸、アルコール、および触媒を含む反応混合物とを相互作用させることによって、脂肪酸モノアルキルエステルが短時間に高い収率で得られる。物質によるマイクロ波の吸収は、反応溶媒の誘電率値の大きさに依存する。高い値を持つ物質は大部分を吸収するが、波のエネルギーの一部を、双極子指向性運動と関連するマックスウェル・ワーグナーの分極型のような機構を通じて、また、原子および電子運動に関連する電気伝導を通じて、溶媒に分散させる。この機構の立場から見てみると、選択された触媒は、化学的作用を実行することの他に、マイクロ波に対する溶媒の透過性をより高める。試薬および触媒は、腔において攪拌され、次に、マイクロ波が、一定の期間とパワーで、変形される物質の品質に応じて混合物に照射される。副産物として形成されるグリセリンの分離を始め、過程で得られたモノアルキルエステルの洗浄は、従来のやり方で実施される。低品質の植物油または動物油脂を用いる場合には、より特異的な精製法が必要とされるかも知れない。過程はまた、酸性触媒によって始め、例えば80%変換までとし、その後、全てのグリセリンおよび触媒を取り出し、従来の過程と比べて、過程を塩基性触媒によってより単時間で終えるようにすることも可能である。酸性触媒は、特に、硫酸および硝酸を用いて実行することが可能であるが、一方、塩基性触媒では、通常、水酸化ナトリウムまたはカリウムが用いられる。本明細書に記載される過程、すなわち、酸性または塩基性溶媒においてマイクロ波によって誘発されるエステル交換またはエステル化は、従来の技法よりも効果的であり、また、Alberto Breccia Fracadocchi(イタリア)に賦与された国際特許WO03014272に記載されるマイクロ波によって誘発される加水分解/エステル化よりも効果的である。なぜなら、本過程は、より速く、単一の反応工程しか含まないからである。さらにこのようにして、植物油および動物油脂中に存在する、複数の遊離脂肪酸の同時的エステル化を実行することが可能である。 The present invention is based on the use of electromagnetic waves in the microwave frequency (2,450 and 915 MHz) range that are introduced into the reaction cavity by a microwave oscillator. By interacting microwave frequencies (2,450 and 915 MHz) with a reaction mixture comprising vegetable oil, animal fat or fatty acid, alcohol and catalyst, fatty acid monoalkyl esters are obtained in high yield in a short time. The absorption of microwaves by the substance depends on the dielectric constant value of the reaction solvent. High-value materials absorb most, but some of the energy of the wave is related to mechanisms such as Maxwell-Wagner polarization, which is related to dipolar directional motion, and to atomic and electronic motion. Dispersed in the solvent through electrical conduction. From the standpoint of this mechanism, the selected catalyst increases the permeability of the solvent to microwaves in addition to performing chemical action. Reagents and catalysts are agitated in the cavity, and then microwaves are irradiated to the mixture for a period of time and power depending on the quality of the material being deformed. Washing of the monoalkyl ester obtained in the process, including the separation of glycerin formed as a by-product, is carried out in a conventional manner. More specific purification methods may be required when using low quality vegetable or animal fats. The process can also start with an acidic catalyst, for example up to 80% conversion, after which all glycerin and catalyst are removed and the process can be completed in a single hour with a basic catalyst compared to the traditional process. It is. Acidic catalysts can in particular be carried out with sulfuric acid and nitric acid, whereas basic catalysts are usually used with sodium or potassium hydroxide. The process described herein, i.e., transesterification or esterification induced by microwaves in acidic or basic solvents, is more effective than conventional techniques and also contributes to Alberto Breccia Fracadocchi (Italy) It is more effective than the microwave induced hydrolysis / esterification described in published international patent WO03014272. This is because the process is faster and involves only a single reaction step. Furthermore, in this way it is possible to carry out simultaneous esterification of a plurality of free fatty acids present in vegetable oils and animal fats.
(図面の簡単な説明)
図1は、油または動物油脂、アルコール、および触媒の混合物(4)に対するマイクロ波の照射のために使用される蓋(2)付き腔(1)を示す。腔(1)は、バッチとして使用される。混合物(4)を、運動減衰器または周波数逆転モーターに連結させたテフロンブレードシステム(3)を用いて攪拌しながら腔(1)に注入する。次に、マイクロ波を、マイクロ波発振器(5)から、混合物(4)の量と品質に応じて期間とパワーを変えながら、照射する。
(Brief description of the drawings)
FIG. 1 shows a cavity (1) with a lid (2) used for microwave irradiation to a mixture (4) of oil or animal oil, alcohol and catalyst. The cavity (1) is used as a batch. Mixture (4) is injected into cavity (1) with agitation using a Teflon blade system (3) connected to a motion attenuator or frequency reversal motor. Next, the microwave is irradiated from the microwave oscillator (5) while changing the period and power according to the amount and quality of the mixture (4).
本過程をさらに下記の実施例に基づいて説明する。植物油を、酸性触媒(2% v/v)と共に活発に(5分)攪拌し、次にエタノールを(油に対して1:3の過剰なモル比で)添加する。この混合物に対し、変形される混合物の量に応じた期間とパワーでマイクロ波を照射する。反応終了後、グリセリンを傾斜抽出で除去し、過剰なアルコールを、50℃で減圧留去する。未精製混合物を熱水(10% v/v;80℃)で洗浄(3回)し、その後、50℃で真空ポンプの助けを借りて、水分が完全に除去されるまで水分を完全に減圧留去(50℃)し、乾燥することによって純粋なエチールエステルを獲得した。 This process will be further described based on the following examples. The vegetable oil is stirred vigorously (5 minutes) with an acidic catalyst (2% v / v), then ethanol is added (in an excess molar ratio of 1: 3 to the oil). The mixture is irradiated with microwaves for a period and power corresponding to the amount of the mixture to be deformed. After completion of the reaction, glycerin is removed by gradient extraction, and excess alcohol is distilled off under reduced pressure at 50 ° C. Rinse the crude mixture with hot water (10% v / v; 80 ° C) (3 times) and then completely reduce the water at 50 ° C with the help of a vacuum pump until the water is completely removed Pure ethyl ester was obtained by evaporation (50 ° C.) and drying.
1 腔
2 蓋
3 テフロンブレードシステム
4 混合物
5 マイクロ波発振器
1
Claims (9)
Biodiesel production process by vegetable transesterification / esterification reaction with vegetable oil or animal fat induced by microwave irradiation, starting with acidic catalyst up to 80% conversion, then all 2. The biodiesel production method according to claim 1, which is a two-stage process comprising removing glycerin and ending the process with a basic catalyst.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006104316A JP2007277374A (en) | 2006-04-05 | 2006-04-05 | Method for producing bio-diesel through transesterification/esterification reaction of vegetable oil or animal oil and fat with alcohol induced by microwave irradiation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006104316A JP2007277374A (en) | 2006-04-05 | 2006-04-05 | Method for producing bio-diesel through transesterification/esterification reaction of vegetable oil or animal oil and fat with alcohol induced by microwave irradiation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2007277374A true JP2007277374A (en) | 2007-10-25 |
Family
ID=38679158
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006104316A Pending JP2007277374A (en) | 2006-04-05 | 2006-04-05 | Method for producing bio-diesel through transesterification/esterification reaction of vegetable oil or animal oil and fat with alcohol induced by microwave irradiation |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2007277374A (en) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR100852862B1 (en) | 2008-05-13 | 2008-08-18 | 김화경 | How to produce biofuel |
JP2009114273A (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2009-05-28 | Asahi Kasei Corp | Method of manufacturing fatty acid monoesterified product using regenerated solid acid catalyst |
JP2009114272A (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2009-05-28 | Asahi Kasei Corp | Method of manufacturing fatty acid monoesterified product by solid acid catalyst |
JP2009203346A (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-09-10 | Kagawa Industry Support Foundation | Easy oil decomposition reaction method |
JP2009263497A (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-11-12 | Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd | Method for modifying polymer compound, low-shrink material for use in plastics, and usage of polymer compound |
JP2011046803A (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2011-03-10 | Kagawa Industry Support Foundation | Manufacturing apparatus of biodiesel fuel and manufacturing method of biodiesel fuel |
WO2013168608A1 (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2013-11-14 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | Method for producing reclaimed white clay, reclaimed white clay, and method for producing refined fat |
WO2017013966A1 (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2017-01-26 | 太陽化学株式会社 | Germination inhibitor for thermophilic spore-forming bacteria, and method for producing sucrose fatty acid ester |
JPWO2015029148A1 (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2017-03-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Chemical substance production system and chemical substance production method |
CN108728249A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-02 | 成都恒润高新科技股份有限公司 | A method of preparing biodiesel using swill |
-
2006
- 2006-04-05 JP JP2006104316A patent/JP2007277374A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009114273A (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2009-05-28 | Asahi Kasei Corp | Method of manufacturing fatty acid monoesterified product using regenerated solid acid catalyst |
JP2009114272A (en) * | 2007-11-05 | 2009-05-28 | Asahi Kasei Corp | Method of manufacturing fatty acid monoesterified product by solid acid catalyst |
JP2009203346A (en) * | 2008-02-28 | 2009-09-10 | Kagawa Industry Support Foundation | Easy oil decomposition reaction method |
JP2009263497A (en) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-11-12 | Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd | Method for modifying polymer compound, low-shrink material for use in plastics, and usage of polymer compound |
KR100852862B1 (en) | 2008-05-13 | 2008-08-18 | 김화경 | How to produce biofuel |
JP2011046803A (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2011-03-10 | Kagawa Industry Support Foundation | Manufacturing apparatus of biodiesel fuel and manufacturing method of biodiesel fuel |
WO2013168608A1 (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2013-11-14 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | Method for producing reclaimed white clay, reclaimed white clay, and method for producing refined fat |
JPWO2013168608A1 (en) * | 2012-05-10 | 2016-01-07 | 日清オイリオグループ株式会社 | Method for producing reclaimed white clay, reclaimed white clay, and method for producing refined fat |
JPWO2015029148A1 (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2017-03-02 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Chemical substance production system and chemical substance production method |
WO2017013966A1 (en) * | 2015-07-21 | 2017-01-26 | 太陽化学株式会社 | Germination inhibitor for thermophilic spore-forming bacteria, and method for producing sucrose fatty acid ester |
CN108728249A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-11-02 | 成都恒润高新科技股份有限公司 | A method of preparing biodiesel using swill |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP2007277374A (en) | Method for producing bio-diesel through transesterification/esterification reaction of vegetable oil or animal oil and fat with alcohol induced by microwave irradiation | |
EP1849854A1 (en) | Biodiesel production process through transesterification/esterification reaction of vegetal oils or animal fats with alcohols induced by microwave radiation | |
Bhangu et al. | Ultrasonic enhancement of lipase-catalysed transesterification for biodiesel synthesis | |
Lieu et al. | Kinetic study on microwave-assisted esterification of free fatty acids derived from Ceiba pentandra Seed Oil | |
EA020499B1 (en) | Continuous transesterification method | |
Yan et al. | Efficient production of biodiesel from ionic liquid catalyzed esterification using ultrasonic-microwave combined intensification | |
Yin et al. | Biodiesel production from soybean oil deodorizer distillate enhanced by counter-current pulsed ultrasound | |
Worapun et al. | Two-step biodiesel production from crude Jatropha curcas L. oil using ultrasonic irradiation assisted | |
Yu et al. | Transesterification of soybean oil by using the synergistic microwave-ultrasonic irradiation | |
Mazo et al. | Esterification and transesterification assisted by microwaves of crude palm oil: Homogeneous catalysis | |
WO2006081457A9 (en) | Microwave-enhanced process to maximize biodiesel production capacity | |
Özçimen et al. | Novel methods in biodiesel production | |
Hassan et al. | Investigation of microwave-assisted transesterification reactor of waste cooking oil | |
Martinez-Guerra et al. | Determining optimum pulse mode for ultrasound enhanced biodiesel production | |
Handayani et al. | Biodiesel production from Nyamplung (Calophyllum inophyllum) oil using ionic liquid as a catalyst and microwave heating system | |
CN101245252B (en) | Method for producing biodiesel by using waste oil | |
Rhithuparna et al. | Current progress and future outlooks of microwave-irradiated biodiesel production: A holistic review | |
Kavlak et al. | Ionic liquid and microwave irradiation synergism for efficient biodiesel synthesis from waste cooking oil | |
US20070249851A1 (en) | Biodiesel production process using vegetal oils or animal fat and induction through microwaves | |
Refaat et al. | Comparing three options for biodiesel production from waste vegetable oil | |
Almeida et al. | p-Sulfonic acid calix [n] arenes as organocatalysts for the transesterification reaction of Passiflora seed oil | |
Sagadevan et al. | Microwave and Ultrasound Irradiations for the Intensification on Biodiesel Productions: a Mini Review | |
Iyyaswami et al. | Microwave-assisted batch and continuous transesterification of karanja oil: process variables optimization and effectiveness of irradiation: Microwave-assisted transesterification of karanja oil | |
Mazo et al. | Alternative methods for fatty acid alkyl-esters production: Microwaves, radio-frequency and ultrasound | |
RU2559357C1 (en) | Method of producing biodiesel fuel from vegetable material |