JP2007272329A - Method for forming hologram image having arbitrary grating pattern on three-dimensional computer graphics, method for simulating the hologram having arbitrary grating pattern, hologram, and authentication method and authentication device of the hologram - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve conventional problems in conventional three-dimensional computer graphics (3DCG) wherein input operation is complicated and adjustment is difficult, and there are limitations on resolution of a grating pattern, an amount of reading, fixation of size, and images simultaneously usable by performing processing using texture mapping function on 3DCG. <P>SOLUTION: The method comprises a pattern acquisition step for mapping at least one grating pattern or a grating pattern having an authentication image formed thereon on 3DCG; an adjustment step for adjusting the layout of the pattern; an RGB value extraction step for extracting the period, direction and luminance value (RGB value) of the grating pattern after mapping; a computing step for determining a wavelength of diffracted light; an RGB color component conversion step for converting the wavelength to RGB color components; a display step for displaying the pattern on a display; and a rendering step for expressing the displayed pattern as a diffracted light of an optimum grating. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to diffracted light of a hologram having at least one arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern or at least one authentication image on at least one arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern on three-dimensional computer graphics (3DCG). The present invention relates to a simulation method.

The present invention virtually reproduces an embossed hologram having a pattern constituted by such a grating (diffraction grating) using 3DCG, and when light is incident on the hologram from an arbitrary angle and position. The present invention relates to a method for simulating the appearance of the position of the position at the viewpoint, a hologram on which it is recorded, an authentication method for the hologram, and an authentication device for the hologram.

  Recent advances in computer graphics (CG) are remarkable and are widely used in various video productions. In 3D CG, an image is created from 3D data of an object, but the output is a 2D image. In order to output three-dimensional images, for example, there is a method in which two two-dimensional images for the right eye and left eye are presented to the left and right eyes with special glasses. There is a holographic stereogram as a more realistic method that supports the movement of the viewpoint without using special glasses.

  This holographic stereogram is synthesized from two-dimensional images taken from many viewpoints. Since a different two-dimensional image is reproduced depending on the observation position, a three-dimensional image corresponding to a change in viewpoint can be reproduced. In this method, a hologram can be easily created from a CG image.

  By the way, in 3D computer graphics (3DCG), various methods are used to represent an object more realistically, and there are expressions such as light reflection and refraction by a ray tracing method and a caustics method. However, these methods do not sufficiently express the light diffraction phenomenon.

  Up to now, there is a representation of the surface texture of pearls or opals as a representation of light diffraction on 3DCG (see Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2, for example). These are Bragg diffractions by a thin film or a multilayer film, and Raman-Nass diffraction is used to express a two-dimensional diffraction grating, so the formulation and shading methods are different. Raman-nasal diffraction corresponds to the diffraction of a general diffraction grating whose transmittance and refractive index change periodically along the surface. When white light is applied, it becomes a rainbow spectrum depending on the angle. Spectroscopic.

  There is Diffraction Shaders to deal with Raman-Nath diffraction (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 3). In this method, wave theory analysis is performed and the fact that the scattered wave is obtained by Fourier transform of the surface shape is utilized. While accurate expression including anisotropic reflection is possible, there are many parameters to be set, and in the case of non-uniform structure, Fourier transform is required for each pixel at the time of shading, and this takes time. there were.

  Previously, the inventors used a simpler model limited to the expression of diffracted light, and performed a simulation of Raman and eggplant diffraction to easily realize CG expression of diffracted light in a uniform two-dimensional diffraction grating. (For example, refer nonpatent literature 4.). Furthermore, a method for expressing a hologram having an arbitrary grating pattern has been proposed (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 5).

  This is a method for expressing a grating by a uniform two-dimensional diffraction grating on 3DCG as one of the methods for expressing a hologram on 3DCG.

  However, in this method, when calculating the diffracted light of an arbitrary grating pattern, after reading the arbitrary grating pattern, the size adjustment of the arbitrary grating pattern to the size of the surface to which the grating effect is applied (size adjustment) However, it is complicated that only numerical input is possible, and it is impossible to paste an image along the surface. Further, when the object is moved, there is a problem that an arbitrary grating pattern does not follow the surface and shifts.

  In addition, the resolution and number of readings of an arbitrary grating pattern are limited, the size is fixed, and only one type of image can be used at the same time. Also, the size of an arbitrary grating pattern set on the surface is complicated and difficult to adjust.

  On the other hand, inspection apparatuses for inspecting holograms have been conventionally known for performing inspections during the production of holograms (see, for example, Patent Document 1), inspections for the presence or absence of diffraction gratings, and comparative inspections of diffraction gratings. However, there has been no device for authenticating an arbitrary grating pattern.

Takaaki Abe, Masataka Imura, Ichiro Kanaya, Yoshihiro Amuro, Yoshitsugu Nabebe, Kunihiro Chihara; Prototype of ray tracer capable of reproducing play-color phenomenon, Proceedings of System Control Information Society Conference, 46, p389-p390 ) Toshihashi Dobashi, Noriko Nagata, Yoshitsugu Nabebe, Seiji Iguchi; Pearl Visuals Focusing on Light Blur and Interference, T. IEEE Japan, 117-C, 10 (1997) Jos Stam, Alias; Diffraction Shaders, Proceedings of the ACM Conference on Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH `99), New York, pp. 101-110 Tanaka, S., Yoshikawa, H .; Hologram representation in computer graphics, Imaging Studies, AIT2001-77, pp.13-16 (2001) Yasuyuki Kikuchi, Atsushi Iizuka, Hiroshi Yoshikawa; Representation of diffracted light in CG by a diffraction grating having an arbitrary pattern, Journal of the Institute of Image Information and Television Engineers, Vol. 3, pp.427-429 (2005) Japanese Patent No. 3556324 (6th page, Fig. 1)

  In the present invention, as a method for expressing the diffracted light of a hologram having an arbitrary grating pattern, the arbitrary grating pattern is read on the surface of a three-dimensional object created on 3DCG, and only the size adjustment of the arbitrary grating pattern is thereby performed. Rather, it is intended to overcome the existing problems such as movement and angle adjustment, and automatic adjustment of an arbitrary grating pattern and surface size.

  Conventionally, an authentication image for authenticity discrimination in which the color, appearance, and form of diffracted light differ from the others by setting the viewpoint or the light source position in an arbitrary grating pattern is set, and this authentication image is used as a security image. When manufacturing a device for use in a device, the only way to confirm that the design of the authentication pattern of the diffracted light by the grating pattern is as designed is to manufacture the device. The present invention is intended to provide a method for confirming a reproduced image of diffracted light by a grating pattern of an authentication image on 3DCG without finally producing a hologram recorded on a recording medium.

  In addition, the present invention provides a hologram in which a setting condition of a grating pattern having an authentication image in an arbitrary grating pattern is recorded on a recording medium, an authentication method for authenticating the authentication image, and an authentication apparatus thereof.

  The present inventors use a texture mapping function of 3DCG to read a grating pattern having an arbitrary grating pattern or an authentication image on the surface of an object set on 3DCG, whereby an arbitrary grating pattern or authentication image is read. A hologram having at least one arbitrary grating pattern on 3DCG by adjusting not only the size of the grating pattern having the size but also the movement and angle thereof, the adjustment of the arbitrary grating pattern or the grating pattern having the authentication image and the size of the surface The expression method is proposed and the present invention has been made.

  That is, the present invention is a method for creating a hologram image having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern on three-dimensional computer graphics (3DCG), and obtains one or a plurality of patterns as a basis of the hologram. A symbol acquisition step, a symbol color / image change determination step for determining how the symbol changes in color and / or image when the symbol itself, the light source or the viewpoint moves for the symbol, and the symbol A layering step for each pattern in which data of the entire pattern is layered for each symbol in accordance with the change in the one or more symbols determined in the color / image change determining step, a light source when observing the hologram, Assuming the positional relationship and operation of the viewpoint and the hologram, respectively, For each symbol for setting the period and angle parameters of the grating (diffraction grating) for each symbol layered in the layering step from the observation condition setting step for setting the condition and the observation conditions set in the observation condition setting step Gratings (diffraction gratings) for each pattern (diffraction gratings) layered in the layering step set in the allocation step for the period and angle of the gratings (diffraction gratings) ) And an RGB image conversion step for converting the parameters of the period and angle into RGB images, and the layered symbols converted into the RGB images in the RGB image conversion step, and an integrated bitmap image (grating pattern) Grating pattern to generate A hologram image generation method having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern on 3DCG.

  The present invention also relates to a method for creating a hologram image having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern on three-dimensional computer graphics (3DCG), wherein at least one grating (diffraction grating) pattern is different from the others. Forming at least one meaningful authentication image visually recognized at a viewing angle and color, and forming one grating (diffraction grating) pattern forming the at least one authentication image or one grating forming the at least one authentication image. An authentication pattern setting step using a plurality of grating (diffraction grating) patterns including a (diffraction grating) pattern as an authentication pattern, and one or a plurality of designs serving as a basis of the hologram including the authentication pattern set in the authentication pattern setting step The symbol acquisition step to be acquired, and the symbol A design color / image change determination step for determining how the design changes in color and / or image when the design itself, the light source or the viewpoint moves, and a design color / image change determination step. In accordance with the change of the one or a plurality of symbols determined in (1), a layering step for each symbol that divides the data of the entire symbol for each symbol, and when observing the hologram, the light source, the viewpoint, and the hologram, Assuming what kind of positional relationship and operation are to be carried out, the observation condition setting step for setting the assumed condition, and the pattern divided into layers by the layering step from the observation condition set in the observation condition setting step Each grating (diffraction grating) period and angle parameters are set for each grating. The period of the grating (diffraction grating) for each pattern layered in the layering step set in the allocation step of the period / angle of the folded grating) and the period (angle of diffraction) of the grating (diffraction grating) for each pattern. An RGB image conversion step for converting angle parameters into RGB images and the layered symbols converted into RGB images in the RGB image conversion step are combined to generate an integrated bitmap image (grating pattern). And a grating pattern generation step for generating a hologram image having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern on 3DCG.

  In the present invention, an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern is formed on 3DCG, wherein at least one authentication image is divided into a plurality of separated partial pixels and arranged in one or a plurality of arbitrary patterns. This is a method for creating a hologram image.

  According to the present invention, there is also provided a hologram image creation method having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern on 3DCG, wherein at least one random partial pixel is added to at least one authentication image.

  In the present invention, an arbitrary grating (on 3DCG), wherein a plurality of separated partial pixels of at least one authentication image are arranged in a two-dimensional direction or a three-dimensional direction in one or a plurality of arbitrary patterns. This is a method for creating a hologram image having a (diffraction grating) pattern.

  The present invention is also a method for simulating a hologram having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern on three-dimensional computer graphics (3DCG), and creates a three-dimensional object on which the hologram is based on 3DCG. Object creation step and bitmap image (grating pattern) setting step for pasting the bitmap image (grating pattern) described in paragraph number 0018 or paragraph number 0019 on the surface of the 3D object on the 3DCG created in the object creation step A bitmap image (grating pattern) pasted on the surface of the 3D object on the 3DCG set (mapped) in the bitmap image (grating pattern) setting step ), A calculation step for calculating diffracted light due to a change in the position and / or angle of a three-dimensional object, light source and / or viewpoint, and RGB components for displaying the desired diffracted light calculated in the calculation step on a display An RGB conversion step for converting to RGB, a display step for displaying the bitmap image (grating pattern) converted into an RGB value in the RGB conversion step on a display, and the bitmap image (grating pattern) displayed in the display step ) Is a hologram simulation method having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern on three-dimensional computer graphics (3DCG) having a rendering step for setting the texture of the image to an optimum one.

  Further, in the calculation step of the hologram simulation method having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern described in paragraph 0023, the present invention calculates only when the outer product component of the viewpoint vector and the light source vector is orthogonal to the grating vector. Is a hologram simulation method having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern on three-dimensional computer graphics (3DCG).

  Further, the present invention provides a change in the position and / or angle of the three-dimensional object, the light source and / or the viewpoint set in the hologram simulation method having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern described in Paragraph No. 0023 or Paragraph No. 0024. An arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) on three-dimensional computer graphics (3DCG) is characterized in that the diffracted light parameter is repeatedly fed back to the calculation step until a desired image is formed in the rendering step. This is a method for simulating a hologram having a pattern.

  Further, the hologram is a hologram in which an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern described in paragraph 0018 is recorded on a hologram recording material by a hologram recording apparatus.

  Further, at least one meaningful authentication image that is visually recognized at a different viewing angle and color is formed on at least one grating (diffraction grating) pattern described in paragraph 0019, and at least one authentication image is formed. It is a hologram in which a plurality of grating (diffraction grating) patterns including one grating (diffraction grating) pattern or one grating (diffraction grating) pattern forming at least one authentication image is recorded on a hologram recording material by a hologram recording device.

  Next, a method for authenticating a hologram in which the authentication image of the present invention is recorded in an arbitrary grating pattern will be described below.

  A method for authenticating a hologram in which one grating (diffraction grating) pattern forming an authentication image according to the present invention is recorded, a sample part capable of moving the hologram, and irradiating the hologram with a light beam containing a white or monochromatic wavelength component, At least one irradiation unit whose irradiation angle is variable and a light receiving unit that receives light with a color photosensor having sensitivity to wavelength components are light sources of at least one irradiation unit with respect to the normal on the hologram to be authenticated. Irradiates obliquely, the color light sensor of the light receiving part is arranged to receive the hologram authentication pattern directly above, and the sample part, irradiation part and light receiving part are controlled by the control part to form a hologram authentication image One grating (diffraction grating) pattern data, and its diffraction angle, diffraction direction, and authentication condition data of the color component of the diffracted light are input to the input unit. The authentication image data included in one grating (diffraction grating) pattern forming the authentication image based on the one grating (diffraction grating) pattern data forming the authentication image inputted and the authentication condition data, and the authentication image data One grating that forms the authentication image of the hologram by representing the authentication image contained in one grating (diffraction grating) pattern that forms the authentication image calculated by collating and calculating the authentication condition data with the operation unit. (Diffraction grating) A hologram authentication method characterized by authenticating an authentication image of a pattern.

  Moreover, the irradiation part of the present invention is a method for authenticating a hologram in which a laser beam, a light emitting diode, or a continuous spectrum white light source is used.

  Further, the irradiation unit of the present invention is provided with an optical system that is adjusted in accordance with hologram authentication conditions, and the optical system is a hologram authentication method including a lens.

  In addition, the sample unit of the present invention includes a mechanism capable of moving the hologram by conveyance, and includes an inclination / rotation stage in which at least one of the inclination angle and rotation of the at least one irradiation unit having the light source is variable. The stage is controlled by a control unit, and the control unit is a hologram authentication method including a stage controller that controls the tilt / rotation stage with coordinate axes.

  The sample unit of the present invention includes an XYθ stage movable in the XYθ direction so that the sample stage on which the hologram is placed is moved or rotated, and at least one of the tilt angle and rotation of at least one irradiation unit having a light source. The control unit controls the XYθ stage and the tilt / rotation stage, and the control unit includes a stage controller that controls the XYθ stage and the tilt / rotation stage with coordinate axes. This is a hologram authentication method.

  Further, in the present invention, there is provided a hologram authentication method in which at least two irradiation units having light sources have a mechanism in which at least two light sources are alternately turned on by switching.

  Further, a hologram authentication apparatus in which one grating (diffraction grating) pattern on which an authentication image of the present invention is formed will be described below.

  A hologram authentication apparatus that records one grating (diffraction grating) pattern that forms an authentication image of the present invention, a sample means capable of moving the hologram, and irradiating a light beam containing a white or monochromatic wavelength component on the hologram, At least one irradiation means whose irradiation angle is variable and a light receiving means for receiving light by a color light sensor sensitive to a wavelength component are light sources of at least one irradiation means with respect to the normal on the hologram to be authenticated Irradiates obliquely, and the color light sensor of the light receiving means is arranged to receive a single grating (diffraction grating) pattern that forms the hologram authentication image, and controls the sample means, irradiation means, and light receiving means. Control means, hologram authentication pattern data, and diffraction condition, diffraction direction and authentication condition data of diffracted light color components The authentication image data and the authentication condition data included in the authentication pattern are collated and calculated based on the input means for inputting the image, one grating (diffraction grating) pattern data forming the authentication image and the authentication condition data. Calculation means, calculated authentication image data and authentication condition data, authentication image data included in one grating (diffraction grating) pattern forming a reference hologram authentication image stored in the storage means in advance, and authentication condition data thereof A hologram authentication apparatus that includes a verification unit that performs verification and a display unit that expresses a verification result, and that authenticates an authentication image of a single grating (diffraction grating) pattern that forms an authentication image of a hologram.

  Further, the irradiation means of the present invention is a hologram authentication apparatus comprising a laser beam, a light emitting diode, or a continuous spectrum white light source.

  The irradiation means of the present invention is provided with an optical system that is adjusted in accordance with the hologram authentication conditions, and the optical system is a hologram authentication device including a lens.

  The sample means of the present invention includes a mechanism capable of moving the hologram by conveyance, and includes an inclination / rotation stage in which at least one of the inclination angle and rotation of the at least one irradiation means having a light source can be varied. The hologram authentication apparatus includes a stage controller that controls the tilt / rotation stage with coordinate axes.

  In order for the sample means of the present invention to move or rotate the sample stage on which the hologram is placed, the sample means includes an XYθ stage movable in the XYθ direction, and at least one of the tilt angle and rotation of at least one irradiation means having a light source is variable. The XYθ stage and the tilt / rotation stage are controlled by the control means, and the control means is a hologram authentication apparatus having a stage controller for controlling the XYθ stage and the tilt / rotation stage by coordinate axes. is there.

  In the present invention, the hologram authentication apparatus has a mechanism in which at least two irradiating means having light sources alternately turn on at least two light sources by switching.

  In the present invention, an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern or an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern having an authentication image is read into the surface of an object on 3DCG, so that an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern or In addition to adjusting the size of an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern having an authentication image, it is possible to adjust the movement and angle. Moreover, it is possible to use a bitmap file output as an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern or an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern having an authentication image from the design software, and an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern or authentication image can be used. It is also possible to automatically fit an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern having a surface to the size of the surface, and the resolution of an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern or an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern having an authentication image In addition, restrictions such as the number of arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) patterns to be read or the number of arbitrary grating (diffraction gratings) patterns having an authentication image are removed, and an arbitrary grating having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern or authentication image is removed. Packaging has become possible plurality of processes (diffraction grating) pattern. As a result, the processing related to the grating is facilitated, and the simulation work of the reproduced image of the diffracted light of the grating can be performed more efficiently.

  In addition, since a plurality of arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) patterns can be processed, one or a plurality of authentication images for authenticity determination can be incorporated into a part of any grating (diffraction grating) pattern. It became possible, and the variation of the application form of the authentication image provided in an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern spread. Therefore, it is possible to simulate at least one authentication image that can be observed with respect to the irradiation light source from one or a plurality of angles.

  The authentication image incorporated in these arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) patterns can confirm changes in the color and appearance of the diffracted light due to changes in the viewpoint and the light source position by simulation. When creating a design using a grating, the reproduced image of the diffracted light of the grating of the authentication image can be confirmed without producing a hologram finally recorded on the recording medium. Therefore, it is not necessary to produce a hologram master for confirming the effect of the hologram, and it is possible to reduce costs and shorten the hologram design time.

  In addition, by reproducing an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern having an authentication image, a reproduction image of the diffracted light of the grating of the authentication image reflecting the design of the grating is realized, and an arbitrary grating (diffraction having the authentication image) is realized. By providing a hologram with a (grid) pattern recorded on a recording medium, an authentication method and an authentication device, the specification of the hologram recording an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern having an authentication image can be confirmed, and quality control of the hologram It can be applied to product management and product authenticity determination.

  In describing the mode for carrying out the present invention, the structure of a grating (diffraction grating) will be described first. The hologram described in this specification is a general embossed hologram, and among them, a pattern formed by a grating (diffraction grating) can be visually recognized. The structure of a grating (diffraction grating) is generally a structure in which fine grooves are regularly and innumerable as shown in FIG. When light strikes this part, it is split into wavelength-specific components (spectrums) by the light diffraction phenomenon.

  In the present specification, the spectrum dispersed by the grating is called diffracted light. Diffracted light has a different angle of diffraction for each wavelength.For example, when sunlight mixed with light of various wavelengths is incident on the diffraction grating, the short wavelength (blue in the visible light region) component changes to the long wavelength (visible light). A spectrum that continuously changes up to the red component appears in the light region. For this reason, the pattern composed of the diffraction grating appears to be a color close to blue at viewpoint 1, but the pattern appears to be a color close to red at viewpoint 2. In this way, the grating changes the color perceived by the observer by changing the incident light, the angle and position of the viewpoint of the observer who sees it, the period of the groove of the grating itself, and the direction of the groove. be able to.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, the grating can be designed so that a specific color can be seen by the observer by setting the light source and the viewpoint of the observer at a fixed position and changing the period and angle of the grating. is there. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 cut along AA ′.

  Next, a method for creating a hologram image having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 4 shows a state in which an image serving as a basis of a hologram image having a grating (diffraction grating) pattern to be created is acquired on a computer. Here, if the base image is analog data such as handwriting, it is converted into digital data by scanning or the like.

  First, it is determined which part of the acquired image is subjected to color change, image change, and the like, and the background part and the design part are classified.

  Next, the data of the entire symbol is divided into layers for each symbol according to the change in color of each divided pattern (see FIG. 5). In FIG. 5, the background portion, the design 1 and the design 2 are set so as to undergo different color changes.

Next, what kind of light source / viewpoint / object (hologram itself) is when observing the hologram itself, such as the design itself determined in paragraph 0051, color change when the light source / viewpoint moves, image change, etc. A period and an angle of a grating (diffraction grating) are set for each of the symbols divided into layers based on the positional relationship and the observation conditions assumed to be operated (see FIG. 6).
Basically, the grating period is changed when changing the color entering the viewpoint, and the grating angle is changed when changing the angle at which the pattern itself is visible or hidden.

Next, the period / angle of the grating (diffraction grating) set for each pattern set in paragraph 0053 is replaced with an RGB image (grating pattern) (see FIG. 7).
Here, an example of replacing with an RGB image of 0 to 255 will be described.
Grating (diffraction grating) period (1 period): 0 to 5 μm → R component: 0 to 255
Grating (diffraction grating) angle: 0 ° to 180 ° G component: 0 to 255
・ Brightness of grating (diffraction grating): 0 to 100% → B component: 0 to 255
Note that the luminance of the grating (diffraction grating) is simply a parameter indicating the degree of brightness. Normally, the B component is set to the maximum value (here, 255).

  FIG. 8 shows a single bitmap image obtained by synthesizing each pattern divided into layers and converted into an RGB image (grating pattern). The steps up to here are a series of steps for creating a hologram image having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern. FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing the above steps.

  Next, a method for simulating a hologram having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern on 3DCG will be described.

  FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a simulation method of a hologram having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern on 3DCG.

(modeling)
First, an arbitrary object (object) to be expressed as a hologram in a virtual space on 3DCG is created. At this time, the object may be composed of a three-dimensional plane (polygon) or may be composed of a quadratic or higher function (spline) curve (S1 in FIG. 10).

(mapping)
Next, the bitmap image (grating pattern) created in the method for creating a hologram image having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern is mapped (pasted) to the surface of the created object using the texture mapping function of 3DCG. (S2 in FIG. 10).

(Adjustment)
Next, the position and orientation of the camera that is the object after mapping, the light source, and the viewpoint are adjusted. Since these can be arbitrarily set, each can be arranged at a position where the observer wants to simulate (S3 in FIG. 10).

(RGB value extraction)
Next, for the adjusted object, RGB value extraction is performed to extract the value (RGB value) of the period, direction, and luminance of the grating pattern after mapping (S4 in FIG. 10).

(Calculation of diffracted light)
For the RGB values after mapping, the wavelength of the diffracted light is obtained by calculating the period, direction and luminance of the diffracted light from the equations (1) and (2) (S5 in FIG. 10).

(Principle of calculation of diffraction wavelength)
First, FIG. 11 shows the calculation principle of the diffraction wavelength necessary for the grating expression which is the basis of the present invention. In order to reproduce the diffraction phenomenon in the computer graphics, it is necessary to obtain the wavelength λ of the light reaching the viewpoint from the light diffracted from the light source 1 by the diffraction grating 3. FIG. 2 described above shows the relationship between the light source and the diffracted light. Here, when the point on the diffraction grating is s, the light source vector r _i is a unit vector from the light source to the point s, and the line-of-sight vector _ro is a unit vector from the point s to the viewpoint. The grating vector g is a unit vector that faces the direction in which the grating changes in the diffraction grating plane. The wavelength λ of light that is diffracted by the diffraction grating and travels toward the viewpoint is expressed by equation (1).

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the vicinity of the point s on the diffraction grating 3 shown in FIG. Here, θ _ill is the angle formed by the normal line n of the diffraction grating from the light source, and θ _out is the angle formed by the vector from the diffraction grating toward the viewpoint and the normal line n of the diffraction grating. The period d and the diffraction order m of the diffraction grating are given by constants. Diffraction by the diffraction grating is observed only when the grating vector g is included in a plane composed of three points of the light source, the viewpoint, and the point on the target diffraction grating. Therefore, it is not necessary to calculate all points on the diffraction grating. It is only necessary to pay attention to the case where the outer product component of the line-of-sight vector _ro and the light source vector r _{i is} the expression (2) orthogonal to the lattice vector g.

(Determine the direction of the lattice vector)
The direction of the grating vector g is determined using the normal vector n at the point s on the diffraction grating and the angle a (specified arbitrarily by the user) between the world coordinate axis and the groove of the diffraction grating.

(Conversion from wavelength to RGB color component)
In order to display on the display from the wavelength λ obtained from the above formula, it is necessary to convert the RGB color component (S6 in FIG. 10). This conversion is performed using tristimulus values. Interpolation is performed every 1 nm for wavelengths from 380 nm to 780 nm, divided into 401 steps from 0 to 400 for each xyz component, and a table is created in advance. Each component of xyz can be obtained by referring to this table based on the wavelength obtained from equation (1).

  The RGB color component obtained by the equation (3) is added to the original color component to obtain the final output value of the RGB color component. In addition, when the wavelength is outside the range of 380 nm to 780 nm, the RGB color components are set to zero.

(Accumulation of RGB color components)
In order to display on the display from the obtained wavelength, conversion to RGB color components is performed according to equation (3). In addition, the RGB color component of the surface, for example, the RGB color component that accumulates the RGB color component by grating processing after applying the color texture setting, texture, etc., such as the diffuse reflection component of the surface and the specular reflection component, and the base color of the surface The RGB color components are synthesized and added, and the final accumulated RGB color component output value is obtained (S7 in FIG. 10).

(rendering)
Next, rendering (preview) is performed on the object after setting the grating pattern displayed on the display, and the appearance of the hologram grating (diffraction grating) pattern by the diffracted light from the viewpoint is simulated. Note that rendering is usually repeatedly performed until an optimal image is obtained. (S8 in FIG. 10)

Finally, the hardware configuration of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
An input unit 8 that inputs a hologram image having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern, a calculation unit 5 that calculates a diffraction wavelength based on various parameters related to the diffraction grating input from the input unit 8, and a calculation unit 5 A storage unit 7 for storing diffraction wavelengths, a display unit 6 for displaying diffraction wavelength data stored in the storage unit 7 on a display, and adjusting the size, mapping position, angle, etc. of an arbitrary pattern or authentication pattern, Collecting various parameters necessary for calculating diffracted light, such as extracting RGB values of arbitrary patterns or authentication patterns, extracting RGB values of surface base colors, etc., and exchanging data of calculated diffraction wavelengths Diffraction grating changed as a result of generation and verification of simulation image according to control unit 4 and arbitrary pattern or authentication pattern And an output unit 9 for performing the generation of any pattern or authentication pattern reflecting the parameter. Further, it includes a conversion unit 28 for transferring data from the output unit 9 to the hologram production apparatus 29 offline.

(Example 1)
First, FIG. 13A is an original image to be expressed, and “J” and “P” are expressed in black areas. For example, consider a simulation in which a pattern in which two images, such as an image “J” viewed from a certain viewpoint and an image “P” viewed from another viewpoint, are switched as shown in FIG. As one of the methods, as shown in FIG. 13 (B), the area to which the diffraction gratings “J” and “P” are applied (the black area in FIG. 13 (A)) is divided in half to correspond to the respective images. In the region of the position, a grating A expressing “J” on the left side and a grating B expressing “P” on the right side are applied, and a method of combining the two is conceivable. As a matter of course, the design value is different between the grating A expressing “J” and the grating B expressing “P”.

(Correspondence between grating and pattern image)
As shown in FIG. 13, from the grating pattern (B) before synthesis, the design value of the grating is changed to the RGB components (values from 0 to 255) of the pixels in the region corresponding to the same position as the region of each grating pattern. ), And a pattern image (C) in a bitmap format is created.
In this example, the period of the grating A constituting “J” is set to R ₁ , the direction is set to G ₁ , and the intensity of the diffracted light is set to B _1. Similarly, the period of the grating B constituting “P” is R _2. The direction is set to G ₂ and the intensity of the diffracted light is set to B ₂ . The B component of the pattern image is a parameter that determines how much intensity the diffracted light calculated from the R and G components should be output in the grating region set in the pattern image. Yes. In FIG. 13, after converting the grating pattern (B) into a pattern image (C), as shown in FIG. 14, two pattern images are synthesized to create a final pattern image (D). Simulate using images.

(Example of simulation)
When performing the simulation with 3DCG, as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. 15, the pattern image figure 14 (D) in which the structure of the grating pattern and the design value thereof are replaced with RGB color components is replaced with the texture mapping function. Use it and paste it on the surface of the object created on 3DCG. Further, the position and orientation of the camera as the object, light source, and viewpoint after setting the pattern image are adjusted. Since these can be arbitrarily set, each can be arranged at a position where the observer wants to simulate.

  Next, it sets so that the calculation of a diffracted light may be performed with respect to the object after pattern image setting. Finally, rendering is performed to simulate the appearance of the grating pattern from the diffracted light from the viewpoint. In the case of FIG. 15, the simulation image viewed from the viewpoint 4 is “J”, and the simulation image viewed from the viewpoint 5 is “P”.

(Example 2)
Next, an example of simulation when a meaningful authentication image is included will be described.

(Example incorporating authentication image)
When simulating a hologram that constitutes a meaningful authentication image (E) so as to overlap a certain visual image (F) to be visually recognized, as shown in FIG. 16, an authentication image having a meaning to be incorporated as an authentication image. (FIG. 16 (E)) and a grating parameter (FIG. 16 (G)) of a visual image (FIG. 16 (F)) to be visually recognized separately from the RGB values of the pattern image (authentication images are R ₃ and G _3). , B ₃ , the visually recognized image is replaced with R ₄ , G ₄ , B ₄ ), and synthesized to create a final pattern image (FIG. 17I). As shown in FIG. By mapping to an object, setting the angle / position of the object, light source, and viewpoint to a desired position where authentication is desired to be visually recognized, and performing rendering, the authentication image becomes a predetermined light source / object / viewpoint (viewpoint 6 in FIG. 18). ) You can be sure.

Example 3
Next, an example of simulation in the case of including a random partial pixel (appearance is meaningless) as an authentication image will be described.

When simulating a hologram in which a random partial pixel (J) is configured as an authentication image so as to overlap a certain visual image (K) to be visually recognized, as shown in FIG. 19, a random pattern ( The non-significant partial pixel (FIG. 19 (J)) and the grating parameter (FIG. 19 (L)) of the visual image (FIG. 19 (K)) that is desired to be viewed separately from the RGB values of the pattern image, respectively. (Partial pixels are R ₅ , G ₅ , B _{5, and the} visible images are R ₆ , G ₆ , B ₆ ) and are combined to create a final pattern image (FIG. 20N). Like this, map the pattern image to the CG object, set the object, light source, and the angle and position of the viewpoint to the desired position where you want to see the authentication image, load the plug-in software, and perform rendering Thus, it can be confirmed whether or not the authentication image can be viewed with a predetermined light source / object / viewpoint (viewpoint 8 in FIG. 21).

Example 4
Next, an embodiment of the hologram authentication method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  In this hologram authentication method, the hologram 25 is placed on a movable sample portion 12, and the hologram 25 is irradiated with a light beam containing a white or monochromatic wavelength component, and the irradiation angle can be varied. At least one irradiation unit 11 and the light receiving unit 10 that receives light with a color light sensor having sensitivity to wavelength components are arranged such that the light source of at least one irradiation unit 11 is oblique with respect to the normal on the hologram 25 to be authenticated. The color light sensor of the light receiving unit 10 is arranged so as to receive the authentication pattern of the hologram 25 directly above, and the sample unit 12, the irradiation unit 11 and the light receiving unit 10 are controlled by the control unit 13, and the hologram 25 The authentication pattern data and the authentication condition data of the diffraction angle, the diffraction direction, and the color component of the diffracted light are input by the input unit 17, and the input authentication pattern Based on the data and the authentication condition data, the calculation unit 14 collates and calculates the authentication image data and the authentication condition data included in the authentication pattern, and the authentication image included in the calculated authentication pattern is represented on the display unit 15 or appropriate. This is a hologram authentication method in which the result of a valid authentication image is authenticated by a physical confirmation method such as voice or buzzer, and the authentication image of the hologram authentication pattern is authenticated.

  Further, the irradiation unit 11 in the hologram authentication method of the present invention comprises a laser beam, a light emitting diode, or a white light source of continuous spectrum.

  The irradiation unit 11 in the hologram authentication method of the present invention is provided with an optical system that is adjusted in accordance with the hologram authentication conditions, and the optical system is a lens.

  In addition, the sample unit 12 in the hologram authentication method of the present invention includes a mechanism (not shown) capable of moving the hologram by conveyance, and as shown in FIG. 23, the inclination angle of at least one irradiation unit 11 having a light source is provided. And at least one of the rotations includes a variable tilt / rotation stage 19, and the tilt / rotation stage 19 is controlled by the control unit 13. The control unit 13 includes a stage controller 18 that controls the tilt / rotation stage 19 with coordinate axes. I have.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 23, the sample unit 12 in the hologram authentication method of the present invention includes an XYθ stage 20 that can move in the XYθ direction in order to move or rotate the sample stage 12 on which the hologram 25 is placed. A tilt / rotation stage 19 in which at least one of the tilt angle and rotation of at least one irradiation unit 11 having a light source is variable is controlled. The control unit 13 controls the XYθ stage 20 and the tilt / rotation stage 19. , A stage controller 18 for controlling the XYθ stage 20 and the tilt / rotation stage 19 with coordinate axes.

  Further, at least one irradiation unit having a light source in the hologram authentication method of the present invention has a mechanism in which at least two light sources are alternately turned on by switching.

(Example 5)
Furthermore, an embodiment of the hologram authentication apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The hologram authentication apparatus having the authentication pattern of the present invention recorded thereon, the sample means 12 (S41) capable of moving the hologram 25, and the hologram 25 is irradiated with a light beam containing a white or monochromatic wavelength component, and the irradiation angle is variable. At least one irradiating means 11 (S42) and a light receiving means 10 (S43) that receives light with a color light sensor having sensitivity to wavelength components are used as a light source of the irradiating means 11 with respect to the normal on the hologram to be authenticated. Is arranged so that the color light sensor of the light receiving means 10 receives the authentication pattern of the hologram 25 directly above (S44), and controls to control the sample means 12, the irradiation means 11, and the light receiving means 10. Means 13 (S45), and input means for inputting authentication pattern data of the hologram 25 and its diffraction angle, diffraction direction, and authentication condition data of the color component of the diffracted light 17 (S46), based on the input authentication pattern data and authentication condition data, calculation means 14 (S47) for verifying and calculating authentication image data and authentication condition data included in the authentication pattern, and the calculated authentication image The verification unit 26 (S48) for verifying the data and the authentication condition data with the authentication image data and the authentication condition data included in the reference hologram authentication pattern stored in advance in the storage unit 16, and the display unit 15 for displaying the verification result (S49), and a hologram authentication apparatus for authenticating an authentication image of a hologram authentication pattern.

  Further, the irradiation means 11 of the hologram authentication apparatus of the present invention comprises a laser beam, a light emitting diode, or a continuous light source of white light.

  Further, the irradiation means 11 of the hologram authentication apparatus of the present invention is provided with an optical system that is adjusted according to the authentication conditions of the hologram 25, and the optical system comprises a lens.

  Further, the sample means 12 of the hologram authentication apparatus of the present invention includes a mechanism (not shown) capable of moving the hologram 25 by conveyance, and at least one of the inclination angle and rotation of at least one irradiation means 11 having a light source is The tilting / rotating stage 19 is variable, and the tilting / rotating stage 19 is controlled by the control means 13. The control means 13 includes a stage controller 18 for controlling the tilting / rotating stage 19 with coordinate axes.

  Further, the sample means 12 of the hologram authentication apparatus according to the present invention includes an XYθ stage 20 that can move in the XYθ directions in order to move or rotate the sample stage on which the hologram 25 is placed, and at least one irradiation means having a light source. 11 includes an inclination / rotation stage 19 that can change at least one of the inclination angle and rotation, and the control means 13 controls the XYθ stage 20 and the inclination / rotation stage 19. The control means 13 includes the XYθ stage 20 and the inclination / rotation stage. A stage controller 18 for controlling the stage 19 with coordinate axes is provided.

  Further, at least one irradiation means 11 having a light source in the hologram authentication apparatus of the present invention has a mechanism in which at least two light sources are alternately turned on by switching.

It is a block diagram of the grating (diffraction grating) of this invention. It is a figure which shows the period and angle of the groove | channel of the grating (diffraction grating) of this invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the grating (diffraction grating) of the present invention taken along the line AA ′ of FIG. 2. It is a figure which shows acquisition of a pattern among the production methods of the hologram image which has the arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) patterns of this invention. It is a figure which shows the layer division of a pattern among the production methods of the hologram image which has the arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) patterns of this invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing setting of the period and angle of a diffraction grating in a method for creating a hologram image having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a method of creating a hologram image having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern according to the present invention, in which the period and angle of the diffraction grating are converted into RGB. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a method for creating a hologram image having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern according to the present invention, wherein each pattern is synthesized into one bitmap image. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a flowchart of a method for creating a hologram image having an arbitrary grating (diffraction grating) pattern according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a processing procedure of a grating generation method according to the present invention. It is a principle figure which shows the diffraction vector required for the grating production | generation of this invention. It is a hardware block diagram used for the production | generation method of the grating of this invention. It is a schematic diagram (division figure) which shows the structure of the authentication image of this invention. It is a schematic diagram (composite diagram) showing the configuration of the authentication image of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the simulation of the authentication image of this invention. It is a schematic diagram (division figure) which shows the structure containing the meaningful authentication image of this invention. It is a schematic diagram (composite diagram) showing a configuration including a meaningful authentication image of the present invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the simulation of the meaningful authentication image of this invention. It is a schematic diagram (division figure) which shows the structure containing the random authentication image of this invention. It is a schematic diagram (composite figure) which shows the structure containing the random authentication image of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the simulation of the random authentication image of this invention. It is the structure schematic which shows the authentication method of the hologram based on this invention. It is the structure schematic which shows the movable part of the authentication method of the hologram based on this invention. It is the structure schematic which shows the authentication apparatus of the hologram based on this invention. It is a figure which shows the flowchart of the process means of the authentication apparatus of the hologram based on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Light source 2 View point 3 Diffraction grating 4 Control part 5 Calculation part 6 Display part 7 Storage part 8 Input part 9 Output part 10 Light-receiving part or light-receiving means 11 Irradiation part or irradiation means 12 Sample part or sample means 13 Control part, Or control means 14 calculation section or calculation means 26 collation means 15 display section or display means 16 storage section or storage means 17 input section or input means 18 stage controller 19 tilt / rotation stage 20 XYθ stage 21 arbitrary pattern (1 )
22 Arbitrary patterns (2)
23 Authentication image 24 Authentication pattern
25 Hologram 27 Partial pixel 28 Conversion unit 29 Hologram manufacturing device

Claims (22)

A method of creating a hologram image having an arbitrary grating pattern on three-dimensional computer graphics,
A symbol acquisition step of acquiring one or a plurality of symbols as a basis of the hologram;
For the design, when the design itself, the light source or the viewpoint moves, the design color / image change determination step for determining how the design changes in color and / or image,
In accordance with the change of the one or a plurality of symbols determined in the color / image change determination step of the symbol, the layering step for each symbol for layering the data of the entire symbol for each symbol;
An observation condition setting step for setting the assumed condition assuming that the light source, the viewpoint, and the hologram each have a positional relationship and operation when observing the hologram;
From the observation condition set in the observation condition setting step, the step of assigning the period / angle of the grating for each symbol for setting the parameters of the grating period and angle for each symbol layered in the layering step;
RGB image conversion step of converting the grating period and angle parameters for each symbol layered in the layering step set in the grating period / angle allocation step for each symbol into an RGB image;
A grating pattern generating step for synthesizing the layered symbols converted into RGB images in the RGB image converting step and generating an integrated bitmap image;
A method for producing a hologram image having an arbitrary grating pattern on 3DCG, comprising: A method of creating a hologram image having an arbitrary grating pattern on three-dimensional computer graphics,
At least one meaningful authentication image that is visually recognized at a different viewing angle and color from the other is formed on at least one grating pattern, and one grating pattern or the at least one authentication image formed with the at least one authentication image. An authentication pattern setting step in which a plurality of grating patterns including a single grating pattern formed as an authentication pattern;
A symbol acquisition step of acquiring one or a plurality of symbols serving as a basis of a hologram including the authentication pattern set in the authentication pattern setting step;
For the design, when the design itself, the light source or the viewpoint moves, the design color / image change determination step for determining how the design changes in color and / or image,
In accordance with the change of the one or a plurality of symbols determined in the color / image change determination step of the symbol, the layering step for each symbol for layering the data of the entire symbol for each symbol;
An observation condition setting step for setting the assumed condition assuming that the light source, the viewpoint, and the hologram each have a positional relationship and operation when observing the hologram;
From the observation condition set in the observation condition setting step, the step of assigning the period / angle of the grating for each symbol for setting the parameters of the grating period and angle for each symbol layered in the layering step;
RGB image conversion step of converting the grating period and angle parameters for each symbol layered in the layering step set in the grating period / angle allocation step for each symbol into an RGB image;
A grating pattern generating step for synthesizing the layered symbols converted into RGB images in the RGB image converting step and generating an integrated bitmap image;
A method for producing a hologram image having an arbitrary grating pattern on 3DCG, comprising: 3. An arbitrary grating pattern on 3DCG according to claim 2, wherein the at least one authentication image is divided into a plurality of separated partial pixels and arranged in the one arbitrary pattern or a plurality of arbitrary patterns. A method for creating a hologram image. 4. The method of creating a hologram image having an arbitrary grating pattern on 3DCG according to claim 3, wherein at least one random partial pixel is added to the at least one authentication image. 5. The 3DCG according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a plurality of separated partial pixels of the at least one authentication image are arranged in a two-dimensional direction or a three-dimensional direction in the one arbitrary pattern or a plurality of arbitrary patterns. A method for creating a hologram image having an arbitrary grating pattern. A method for simulating a hologram having an arbitrary grating pattern on three-dimensional computer graphics,
An object creating step for creating a three-dimensional object on which the hologram is based on 3DCG;
A bitmap image setting step of pasting the bitmap image according to claim 1 or 2 on a surface of a three-dimensional object on the 3DCG created in the object creation step;
For the bitmap image pasted on the surface of the 3D object on the 3DCG set in the bitmap image setting step, diffracted light due to a change in the position and / or angle of the 3D object, light source and / or viewpoint is calculated. A calculation step;
An RGB conversion step of converting the desired diffracted light calculated in the calculation step into an RGB component for display on a display;
A display step of displaying on the display the bitmap image converted into RGB values in the RGB conversion step;
A rendering step for setting the texture of the bitmap image displayed in the display step to an optimum one;
A method of simulating a hologram having an arbitrary grating pattern on three-dimensional computer graphics having 7. The three-dimensional computer graphics method according to claim 6, wherein in the calculation step in the method for simulating a hologram having an arbitrary grating pattern, the calculation is performed only when the outer product component of the viewpoint vector and the light source vector is orthogonal to the lattice vector. Method for simulating holograms with arbitrary grating patterns. The diffracted light parameter according to a change in the position and / or angle of the three-dimensional object, light source and / or viewpoint set in the method for simulating a hologram having an arbitrary grating pattern according to claim 6 or 7 is desired in the rendering step. A method of simulating a hologram having an arbitrary grating pattern on three-dimensional computer graphics, wherein the calculation step is repeatedly performed until an image is formed, and is fed back to the calculation step. A hologram in which the arbitrary grating pattern according to claim 1 is recorded on a hologram recording material by a hologram recording device. 6. At least one meaningful authentication image that is visually recognized at a different viewing angle and color from the others is formed on at least one grating pattern according to claim 2, 3, 4, or 5, and the at least one authentication image is formed. A hologram in which a plurality of grating patterns including one grating pattern or one grating pattern on which at least one authentication image is formed are recorded on a hologram recording material by a hologram recording device. A method for authenticating a hologram recording a grating pattern on which an authentication image according to claim 10 is formed,
A sample portion capable of moving the hologram, at least one irradiation portion that irradiates the hologram with a light beam containing a white or monochromatic wavelength component, and whose irradiation angle is variable, and a color photosensor having sensitivity to the wavelength component And the light source of the at least one irradiation unit irradiates obliquely with respect to the normal on the hologram to be authenticated, and the color light sensor of the light receiving unit authenticates the authentication pattern of the hologram. One grating pattern data which is arranged so as to receive light and controls the sample part, the irradiation part and the light receiving part by the control part to form an authentication image of the hologram, its diffraction angle, diffraction direction and diffracted light One grating pattern data in which the authentication condition data of the color component is input by the input unit and the input authentication image is formed And based on the authentication condition data, the authentication image data included in one grating pattern forming the authentication image and the authentication condition data are collated and calculated by a calculation unit, and one grating forming the calculated authentication image is formed. An authentication image included in a pattern is expressed on a display unit, and an authentication image of a grating pattern on which the authentication image of the hologram is formed is authenticated. 12. The hologram authentication method according to claim 11, wherein the irradiating unit comprises a laser beam, a light emitting diode, or a white light source having a continuous spectrum. 13. The hologram authentication method according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the irradiation unit is provided with an optical system that is adjusted in accordance with the authentication conditions of the hologram, and the optical system includes a lens. The sample section includes a mechanism capable of moving the hologram by conveyance, and includes an inclination / rotation stage in which at least one of an inclination angle and rotation of the at least one irradiation section having the light source can be varied, and the inclination / rotation stage 14. The hologram authentication method according to claim 11, wherein the control unit includes a stage controller that controls the tilt / rotation stage with a coordinate axis. In order to move or rotate the sample stage on which the hologram is placed, the sample unit includes an XYθ stage movable in the XYθ direction, and at least one of an inclination angle and rotation of at least one irradiation unit having the light source is variable. The XYθ stage and the tilt / rotation stage are controlled by the control unit, and the control unit includes a stage controller that controls the XYθ stage and the tilt / rotation stage with coordinate axes. 15. The hologram authentication method according to claim 11, 12, 13, or 14, wherein: 16. The hologram authentication method according to claim 11, wherein the at least two irradiation units having the light source have a mechanism in which at least two light sources are alternately turned on by switching. A hologram authentication apparatus in which one grating pattern on which an authentication image according to claim 10 is formed is recorded,
A sample means capable of moving the hologram, at least one irradiating means capable of irradiating the hologram with a light beam containing a white or monochromatic wavelength component and changing an irradiation angle thereof, and a color photosensor having sensitivity to the wavelength component. The light receiving means for receiving light irradiates the light source of the at least one irradiation means obliquely with respect to the normal line on the hologram to be authenticated, and the color light sensor of the light receiving means forms an authentication image of the hologram Control unit for controlling the sample means, the irradiating means and the light receiving means, one grating pattern data forming the authentication image of the hologram, and its diffraction angle, arranged so as to receive one grating pattern right above , Input means for inputting authentication condition data of the diffraction direction and the color component of the diffracted light, and the input authentication Based on one grating pattern data and authentication condition data that form an image, a calculation means that collates and calculates authentication image data included in one grating pattern that forms the authentication image and the authentication condition data, and the calculation Verification unit for verifying the authentication image data and the authentication condition data, the authentication image data included in one grating pattern in which the authentication image of the reference hologram previously stored in the storage unit is formed, and the authentication condition data, and the verification result A hologram authentication apparatus, comprising: a display unit configured to express the authentication image, wherein the authentication image of one grating pattern on which the authentication image of the hologram is formed is authenticated. 18. The hologram authentication apparatus according to claim 17, wherein the irradiating means comprises a laser beam, a light emitting diode, or a continuous light source of white light. 19. The hologram authentication apparatus according to claim 17 or 18, wherein the irradiating means is provided with an optical system that adjusts according to the authentication conditions of the hologram, and the optical system comprises a lens. The sample means includes a mechanism capable of moving the hologram by conveyance;
An inclination / rotation stage in which at least one of an inclination angle and rotation of at least one irradiation means having the light source is variable is controlled, and the inclination / rotation stage is controlled by a control means, and the control means includes the inclination / rotation stage. 20. A hologram authentication apparatus according to claim 17, 18 or 19, further comprising a stage controller for controlling the position with a coordinate axis. In order for the sample means to move or rotate the sample stage on which the hologram is placed, an XYθ stage movable in the XYθ directions is provided, and at least one of the tilt angle and rotation of at least one irradiation means having the light source is variable. The XYθ stage and the tilt / rotation stage are controlled by a control unit, and the control unit includes a stage controller that controls the XYθ stage and the tilt / rotation stage with coordinate axes. 21. The hologram authentication apparatus according to claim 17, 18, 19 or 20. The hologram authentication device according to any one of claims 17 to 21, wherein the at least two irradiation units having the light source have a mechanism in which at least two light sources are alternately turned on by switching.

Images