JP2007261056A - Pen point made of synthetic resin - Google Patents

Pen point made of synthetic resin Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2007261056A
JP2007261056A JP2006088389A JP2006088389A JP2007261056A JP 2007261056 A JP2007261056 A JP 2007261056A JP 2006088389 A JP2006088389 A JP 2006088389A JP 2006088389 A JP2006088389 A JP 2006088389A JP 2007261056 A JP2007261056 A JP 2007261056A
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Prior art keywords
nib
ink
synthetic resin
tip
main body
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JP4707003B2 (en
JP2007261056A5 (en
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Akira Yoshitane
章 吉種
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Aubex Corp
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Aubex Corp
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Priority to JP2006088389A priority Critical patent/JP4707003B2/en
Priority to PCT/JP2007/056418 priority patent/WO2007116746A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B43WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
    • B43KIMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
    • B43K1/00Nibs; Writing-points

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  • Pens And Brushes (AREA)

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pen point made of a synthetic resin with advantages such as easily identifiable direction of the pen point and ink color, low manufacturing cost, successful writing touch despite high durability and excellent designability. <P>SOLUTION: The main body 1 of the bar-like pen point made of a synthetic resin is constituted of a covering member 4 applied to the outer periphery of an inside refill member 3 of an odd-shaped section with an ink flow path 2. In addition, an ink visible part 7 is formed by cutting part of the covering member 4 at the apex of the main body 1 to the rear along the ink flow path 2, to the thickness allowing the identification of the color of the ink inside the ink flow path 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、装飾文字などを書くことのできるカリグラフィーペン、ラインマーカ、多色マーカ、マーキングペンなどの筆記具に使用される合成樹脂製ペン先に関するもので、より詳しくは、ペン先の向きやインク色を容易に識別できるデザイン性の優れた合成樹脂製ペン先に関するものである。
The present invention relates to a synthetic resin nib used for writing instruments such as calligraphic pens, line markers, multicolor markers, marking pens and the like that can write decorative characters and the like. The present invention relates to a synthetic resin nib having an excellent design that can easily identify colors.

合成樹脂製ペン先(プラスチックペン先)は、一般的に直径が1.5mm以下の中芯を使用するとともに、ペン先の先端をクサビ状にすることによって、あるいはペン先の先端部の筆記面を、多角形や楕円などの形状に加工することで、複数の線幅を筆記できる筆記面を有するペン先としている。   Synthetic resin nibs (plastic nibs) generally use a core with a diameter of 1.5 mm or less, and the tip of the nib has a wedge shape, or the writing surface of the nib tip Is processed into a shape such as a polygon or an ellipse, thereby forming a pen tip having a writing surface on which a plurality of line widths can be written.

しかしながら、ペン先の先端部は非常に細いので、ペン先から直接インクの色を識別することは難しく、色の識別を確実にするためには、尾栓やペン軸、キャップなどの部品をインクと同色に着色しておくか、それとも実際に試し書きをしなければならない。一方、ペン先本体にインク通路を有するカリグラフィーやラインマーカは、筆記面の形状を容易に識別することは難しく、ペン先の方向を正しく紙面にセットし難い。   However, since the tip of the nib is very thin, it is difficult to identify the color of the ink directly from the nib. To ensure color identification, components such as the tail plug, pen shaft, cap, etc. It must be colored in the same color as it is, or it must be written as a trial. On the other hand, calligraphy and line markers having an ink passage in the nib body are difficult to easily identify the shape of the writing surface, and it is difficult to correctly set the direction of the nib on the paper surface.

そこで、特開平8−118871号公報(特許文献1)においては、ペン先本体の左右に横断面湾曲状の羽根部を設け、万年筆タイプの外観にすることでペン先の方向を容易に識別でき、ペン先本体の材質を透明のナイロン製にすることで、インクの色の識別を容易にする技術が開示されている。   Thus, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-118871 (Patent Document 1), the direction of the pen tip can be easily identified by providing wing parts with curved cross-sections on the left and right sides of the pen tip main body so as to have a fountain pen type appearance. A technique is disclosed that makes it easy to identify the color of an ink by making the material of the nib body transparent nylon.

この特許文献1に記載の発明は、中芯と被覆材を同一体に押出成型することで、中芯と被覆材の軸がずれてしまうことを防止でき、筆感の向上を促すことができるというものであって、ペン先本体の材質を透明のナイロン製に、インク誘導溝は普通の大きさの横断面積比に形成することで、外観が透明であるため、インクの色を確認し易くできることも併せて開示されている。   The invention described in Patent Document 1 can prevent the axes of the core and the covering material from being displaced by extruding the core and the covering material into the same body, and can promote an improvement in writing feeling. Because the material of the nib body is made of transparent nylon and the ink guide groove is formed in a normal cross-sectional area ratio, the appearance is transparent, so it is easy to check the ink color What can be done is also disclosed.

また、実公昭57−42712号公報(特許文献2)においては、ペン先部分のインク通路より上方の前方部分の合成樹脂層と、インク通路より下方の前方部分の合成樹脂層の、抉られ方を異にして先端に至るまで漸次抉るという構成とすることによって、どちらの面を筆記面とするかで、撓み方を硬軟二様に変えられ、筆記時の感触も二様のものが得られるだけでなく、撓み方が比較的硬いと細い線が、反対に撓み方が比較的軟らかいと太い線が得られるので、筆記線の太さを二様に変えることができるという樹脂ペン体が開示されている。   In Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 57-42712 (Patent Document 2), how to squeeze the synthetic resin layer in the front part above the ink passage in the pen tip portion and the synthetic resin layer in the front part below the ink passage. By making the structure that gradually crawls to the tip with different points, depending on which side is used as the writing surface, the bending method can be changed to hard and soft, and two types of feel at the time of writing can be obtained In addition, a thin line is obtained when the bending method is relatively hard, and a thick line is obtained when the bending method is relatively soft. On the other hand, a resin pen body that can change the thickness of the writing line in two ways is disclosed. Has been.

すなわち、特許文献2に記載の樹脂ペン体は、インキ流通路を挟んで対向する合成樹脂層の先端部の、抉り方を変えて切削することによって、形状の相違するペン先外周部を目印にペン先の方向を識別可能とし、併せて撓み方によって、線の太さを調節するというものである。   In other words, the resin pen body described in Patent Document 2 uses the tip end portion of the synthetic resin layer opposed across the ink flow path as a result of cutting in a different way to mark the outer periphery of the pen tip having a different shape. The direction of the pen tip can be identified, and the thickness of the line is adjusted according to the way of bending.

また、合成樹脂製ペン先は、筆記の度合いに従って磨耗し、短くなるとインキ通路にゴミなどが詰まって筆記能力が落ちるので、特開平9−150595号公報(特許文献3)においては、ペン先にスリットを設けることで、インク通路にゴミや屑が入り込み、筆記不能になることを制御し、インクを充分使い切り筆記距離を長くするペン先が開示されている。さらに、同文献3においては、ペン先をインクと同色に着色しておくことで、インクの色を容易に識別できる、という技術が併せて開示されている。   In addition, the synthetic resin nib is worn according to the degree of writing, and if it becomes shorter, dust and the like are clogged in the ink passage and the writing ability is reduced. In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-150595 (Patent Document 3), Disclosed is a pen tip that controls the fact that by providing a slit, dust and debris enter the ink passage and becomes impossible to write, and the ink is used up sufficiently to increase the writing distance. Furthermore, the same document 3 discloses a technique in which the color of the ink can be easily identified by coloring the pen tip in the same color as the ink.

さらに、実開昭51−49135号公報(特許文献4)においては、ペン先本体の両端を除く表面に、インクの色と同色の外装を設けることで、インクの色を容易に識別できるペン先が開示されている。このペン先は、消費する資材が僅かで足り、成型も機械化で大量生産可能であるとされている。   Further, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 51-49135 (Patent Document 4), a pen tip that can easily identify the ink color is provided by providing an exterior of the same color as the ink color on the surface excluding both ends of the pen tip body. Is disclosed. This nib requires only a small amount of material to be consumed and can be mass-produced by molding.

また、ペン先本体が毛細多孔質体製であるときは、上記識別効果に加えて、外装によって均圧な緊締力が作用するため、ペン先本体がインクで膨潤するおそれを解消することができる。また、ペン先本体が、表面にインク流路を備えたペンのときは、上記識別効果に加えて、外装を設けたことにより、該流路内におけるインクの乾燥を防ぎ、毛細管現象の確実な発現を期待することができる、というものである。   Further, when the nib body is made of a capillary porous body, in addition to the above identification effect, a uniform tightening force acts by the exterior, so that the possibility of the nib body being swollen with ink can be eliminated. . Further, when the pen nib body is a pen having an ink flow path on the surface, in addition to the above identification effect, by providing an exterior, the ink in the flow path is prevented from being dried and the capillary phenomenon is surely achieved. The expression can be expected.

さらにまた、実開昭58−3281号公報(特許文献5)においては、ペン先用芯材を異色の着色合成樹脂にて、二層あるいはそれ以上の多層にコーティングし、切削加工した合成樹脂製ペン先が開示されている。このペン先は、異色の合成樹脂で多層コーティングし、これを公知の切削加工技術にて加工しているので、色彩豊かなペン先を得ることができる。加えて、中芯を剥き出しにして、根元の全周を円筒状に細く研磨した形状のペン先も記載されている。
特開平 8−118871号公報(特許請求の範囲、段落0021、0037) 実公昭57−42712号公報(実用新案登録請求の範囲) 特開平 9−150595号公報(特許請求の範囲、段落0010) 実開昭51−49135号公報(実用新案登録請求の範囲) 実開昭58− 3281号公報(実用新案登録請求の範囲)
Furthermore, in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 58-3281 (Patent Document 5), a nib core material is coated with two or more layers of colored synthetic resin of different colors, and cut into a synthetic resin. A nib is disclosed. Since this nib is multilayer-coated with a synthetic resin having a different color and is processed by a known cutting technique, a nib rich in color can be obtained. In addition, a pen nib having a shape in which the core is exposed and the entire circumference of the root is thinly polished into a cylindrical shape is also described.
JP-A-8-118871 (Claims, paragraphs 0021 and 0037) Japanese Utility Model Publication No.57-42712 (Scope of request for registration of utility model) JP-A-9-150595 (claims, paragraph 0010) Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 51-49135 (Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration) Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-3281 (Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration)

ペン先本体は、ペン先の向きやインクの色を容易に識別できること、高耐久性等を有することは勿論のこと、安価に製造でき、かつデザイン性も要求されているが、特許文献1に記載の技術では、万年筆タイプにより近い外観となってしまい、デザイン上の制約を受ける。また、ペン先本体に、更に羽根部を設けることは、羽根部を設けないペン先と比較して、製造における工程数や必要な部材の数が増えるため、製造コストが高くなる可能性も有している。   Although the nib body can easily identify the direction of the nib and the color of the ink, and has high durability, it can be manufactured at low cost and has good design properties. The described technology has an appearance that is closer to that of a fountain pen, and is subject to design constraints. In addition, the provision of a blade on the pen nib body may increase the manufacturing cost because the number of manufacturing steps and the number of necessary members increase compared to a pen nib without a blade. is doing.

また、インクの色を容易に識別することを可能とするために、ペン先の素材に透明なナイロンを用いているが、一般にナイロンは、耐衝撃性、耐摩擦、摩耗性、耐油性に優れるが、化学構造上、吸水性が高いため、剛性低下、寸法変化を起こし易い。   In order to easily identify the ink color, transparent nylon is used for the nib material, but nylon is generally superior in impact resistance, friction resistance, wear resistance, and oil resistance. However, due to its chemical structure, it has high water absorption, so it is liable to cause a decrease in rigidity and a dimensional change.

特許文献2に記載されている、二様の筆記線の太さを得るために、ペン先の合成樹脂層を、軸の向きに対して異にして先端に至るまで漸次えぐり取ったペン先は、撓み方によって線幅が変化するので、万年筆とカリグラフィーペンの長所を併せ持つようなものであるが、インクの色を、ペン先を見ただけで容易に識別することはきわめて困難であって、試し書きなどをして、色の確認を行わないといけない。   In order to obtain the thickness of the two writing lines described in Patent Document 2, the nib that is gradually scraped to the tip with the synthetic resin layer of the nib being different from the direction of the axis is Because the line width changes depending on how it bends, it seems to have the advantages of both a fountain pen and a calligraphy pen, but it is extremely difficult to easily identify the ink color just by looking at the pen tip, You have to check the color by writing a test.

また、特許文献3に記載されている、インクの色を識別し易くするために、ペン先自体に顔料等を混ぜて着色する技術によって製造されたペン先は、当該着色された色のペンにしか使用することは出来ないので、部品の共有化効率が悪く、よって在庫管理が煩わしくなり、色毎に被覆成型時に材料の切り替えの手間があるので、結果的にコストアップに繋がるおそれがある。   In addition, in order to make it easy to identify the color of the ink described in Patent Document 3, the nib manufactured by the technique of coloring the nib itself with a pigment or the like is colored with the colored color pen. However, since it can only be used, the sharing efficiency of the parts is poor, and therefore inventory management becomes troublesome, and there is a need to change the material at the time of coating molding for each color, which may result in an increase in cost.

特許文献4に記載されている、ペン先本体の両端を除く表面に、インクの色と同色の外装を設けることで、インクの色を容易に識別できるようにした技術は、特許文献3に記載のものと同様にコストアップに繋がる。   A technique described in Patent Document 4 that allows the ink color to be easily identified by providing an exterior of the same color as the ink color on the surface excluding both ends of the nib body is described in Patent Document 4. This leads to an increase in cost as well as those.

特許文献5に記載されている、中芯を剥き出した根元の全周を円筒状に細く研磨したペン先は、被覆部材の色や円筒部の寸法によっては、インクの色が透けて見える可能性があるが、円筒部が長くなるにつれ強度面に課題が生じ、かつ、デザイン上の制約を受ける。   The pen nib described in Patent Document 5 with the entire circumference of the base from which the core has been exposed is thinly polished into a cylindrical shape may show the color of the ink depending on the color of the covering member and the size of the cylindrical portion. However, as the cylindrical part becomes longer, a problem arises in terms of strength, and the design is restricted.

この発明はかかる現状に鑑み、ペン先の向き及びインク色を容易に識別でき、安価に製造可能で、高耐久性を有するが筆記感も良好で、デザイン性も優れているペン先を提供せんとするものである。
In view of the present situation, the present invention does not provide a nib that can easily identify the direction and ink color of the nib, can be manufactured at low cost, has high durability, has good writing feeling, and has excellent design. It is what.

前記の目的を達成するため、この発明の請求項1に記載の発明は、
インク流路を有する異形断面の中芯部材の外周を、被覆部材で被覆して棒状のペン先主体を構成し、
前記ペン先主体における先端部の被覆部材の一部を、インク流路内のインクの色が識別できる厚さまで切削してインク視認部を形成したこと
を特徴とする合成樹脂製ペン先である。
In order to achieve the above object, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention provides:
The outer periphery of the core member having an irregular cross section having an ink flow path is covered with a covering member to constitute a rod-shaped pen tip main body,
A synthetic resin pen tip, wherein an ink visual recognition portion is formed by cutting a part of a covering member at a tip portion of the pen tip main body to a thickness at which an ink color in an ink flow path can be identified.

また、この発明の請求項2に記載の発明は、
請求項1に記載の合成樹脂製ペン先において、
前記インク視認部は、
前記ペン先主体の先端部から後方に、中芯部材に沿って平行に被覆部材の一部をインク流路内のインクの色が識別できる厚さまで切削して形成したこと
を特徴とするものである。
The invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is
In the synthetic resin nib according to claim 1,
The ink visual recognition part is
It is characterized in that a part of the covering member is cut to a thickness that allows the color of the ink in the ink flow path to be discriminated in parallel with the central core member, rearward from the tip portion of the nib main body. is there.

また、この発明の請求項3に記載の発明は、
請求項1に記載の合成樹脂製ペン先において、
前記インク視認部は、
前記中芯部材に沿って、ペン先主体の先端部から後方に至るに従って傾斜状もしくは階段状に高くしながら被覆部材の一部を、インク流路内のインクの色が識別できる厚さまで切削して形成したこと
を特徴とするものである。
The invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is
In the synthetic resin nib according to claim 1,
The ink visual recognition part is
Along the core member, a part of the covering member is cut to a thickness that allows the color of the ink in the ink flow path to be discriminated while increasing in an inclined or stepped manner from the tip of the nib main body to the rear. It is characterized by being formed.

また、この発明の請求項4に記載の発明は、
請求項1に記載の合成樹脂製ペン先において、
前記インク視認部は、
前記ペン先主体の先端部から後方に、中芯部材に沿って平行に被覆部材の一部を、インク流路内のインクの色が識別できる厚さまで凹状に切削して形成されていること
を特徴とするものである。
The invention according to claim 4 of the present invention is
In the synthetic resin nib according to claim 1,
The ink visual recognition part is
It is formed by cutting a part of the covering member in a concave shape from the tip of the nib main body to the rear in parallel along the core member to a thickness that allows the color of the ink in the ink flow path to be identified. It is a feature.

また、この発明の請求項5に記載の発明は、
請求項1又は2に記載の合成樹脂製ペン先において、
前記インク視認部は、
前記ペン先主体の先端部に形成された筆記面の一端から、中芯部材に沿って後方に、前記先端部の被覆部材の一部を平面状に切削して形成されていること
を特徴とするものである。
The invention according to claim 5 of the present invention is
In the synthetic resin nib according to claim 1 or 2,
The ink visual recognition part is
It is characterized in that it is formed by cutting a part of the covering member of the tip portion into a flat shape from one end of the writing surface formed at the tip portion of the pen nib main body, along the core member. To do.

また、この発明の請求項6に記載の発明は、
請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の合成樹脂製ペン先において、
前記ペン先主体は、
中芯部材および被覆部材が合成樹脂製で、その先端部が砲弾状又はクサビ状に、後端部が截頭円錐状に形成されていること
を特徴とするものである。
The invention according to claim 6 of the present invention provides
In the synthetic resin nib according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The nib main body is
The core member and the covering member are made of synthetic resin, and the tip portion is formed in a shell or wedge shape, and the rear end portion is formed in a truncated cone shape.

また、この発明の請求項7に記載の発明は、
請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の合成樹脂製ペン先において、
前記ペン先主体は、
ポリアセタール樹脂で成形されたものであること
を特徴とするものである。
The invention according to claim 7 of the present invention provides
In the synthetic resin nib according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The nib main body is
It is what was shape | molded with the polyacetal resin.

また、この発明の請求項8記載の発明は、
請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の合成樹脂製ペン先において、
前記被覆部材は、
顔料を含むポリアセタール樹脂で成形されたものであること
を特徴とするものである。
The invention according to claim 8 of the present invention is
In the synthetic resin nib according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
The covering member is
It is a thing molded by the polyacetal resin containing a pigment, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

この発明にかかる合成樹脂製ペン先は、インク流路を有する中芯部材と、この中芯部材を被覆する被覆部材とでペン先主体を構成するに際し、このペン先主体における先端部の被覆部材の一部を、中芯部材に沿ってインクの色が識別できる厚さまで切削してインク視認部を形成しているので、このインク視認部の範囲を広げることによって広範囲においてインクの色を視認できるので、他の部分に着色処理を施さなくても、ペン先において容易に色の識別が可能となる。したがって、従来のように、ペン本体、尾栓、キャップやペン先を、使用するインクの色に着色するなどの二次加工を必要としない。   The synthetic resin pen nib according to the present invention comprises a core member having an ink flow path and a covering member covering the core member, and the tip member covering member at the tip of the nib main body Since the ink viewing portion is formed by cutting a part of the ink viewing portion along the core member to a thickness that allows the ink color to be identified, the ink color can be visually recognized in a wide range by widening the range of the ink viewing portion. Therefore, it is possible to easily identify the color at the pen tip without applying a coloring process to other portions. Therefore, unlike the prior art, there is no need for secondary processing such as coloring the pen body, tail plug, cap or pen tip to the color of the ink used.

特に、この発明においては、インク流路を被覆する被覆部材を切削し、インク流路内を流れるインクそのものによって色の識別を可能としているので、ペン先自体を着色しなくてもインクの色の識別を容易とし、どのインクの色にも対応できるので、従来は色違いであれば、ペン先を共有化することはできなかったが、この発明にかかる合成樹脂製ペン先は、インクの色に関係なく共有化が可能となるので、製造コストおよび管理コストの抑制に繋がる。   In particular, in the present invention, since the covering member that covers the ink flow path is cut and the color can be identified by the ink itself flowing in the ink flow path, the color of the ink can be changed without coloring the nib itself. Since it is easy to identify and can correspond to any ink color, conventionally the pen tip could not be shared if the color was different, but the synthetic resin nib according to the present invention Therefore, sharing is possible regardless of whether the manufacturing cost and the management cost are reduced.

加えて、ペン先主体の先端部の被覆部材を削ったことで、ペン先が柔軟になり、書き味が向上し、さらに、被覆部材がペン先の先端付近まで補強しているため、折れ難いペン先を得ることができる。   In addition, the tip of the tip of the pen nib has been scraped to make the pen tip flexible, improving the writing quality, and further, the covering member is reinforced to the vicinity of the tip of the nib, so it is difficult to break. You can get a nib.

また、ペン先主体の先端部に平らなインク視認部を形成することによって、インク視認部を目印として、特定の筆記面の方向を容易に識別をすることができ、カリグラフィーペンやラインマーカなどの複数の線幅を使い分けるペンでは、紙面に正しくペン先をセットすることができる。   Also, by forming a flat ink visual recognition part at the tip of the pen tip, the direction of a specific writing surface can be easily identified using the ink visual recognition part as a mark, such as calligraphy pens and line markers. With a pen that uses multiple line widths, the pen tip can be set correctly on the paper.

また、ペン先主体に合成樹脂を使用することで、加工が容易となるので、製造コスト抑制に繋がり、安価に製造することが可能となる。また、ポリアセタール樹脂を使用すれば、特に耐久性等が向上した合成樹脂製ペン先を提供することが可能となる。   In addition, by using a synthetic resin for the nib main body, processing becomes easy, which leads to a reduction in manufacturing cost and can be manufactured at low cost. In addition, if a polyacetal resin is used, it is possible to provide a synthetic resin nib with particularly improved durability.

その際、被覆部材を透明なものとすると、横方向からもインクを視認することが可能となるので、紙面に正しくペン先をセットできない懸念が生じ、半透明なものとすると、インクの色が乱反射し、拡散して見えるので、ペン先全体が汚れたように見えるおそれがある。また、有色の場合、同色のインクが視認しづらくなるとともに、混色して別の色に見えて誤解し易いので、白色の顔料を含むポリアセタール樹脂で被覆部材を成形することによって、全ての色に対応して視認し易く、綺麗にインクが見えるので好ましい。   At that time, if the covering member is transparent, it is possible to visually recognize the ink from the lateral direction. Therefore, there is a concern that the pen tip cannot be set correctly on the paper surface. Since it is diffusely reflected and diffused, the entire nib may appear dirty. In addition, in the case of color, it is difficult to visually recognize the same color ink, and it is easy to misunderstand because it is mixed and looks different colors, so by forming the covering member with polyacetal resin containing white pigment, it is possible to make all colors Correspondingly, it is preferable because it is easily visible and the ink can be clearly seen.

また、軸方向に段部を設けることによって、ペン先を筆記具に装着するとき、後端部の位置を、インク溜めに確実に接触させ、所定の位置に確実にセットすることが可能となるので、ペン先を取替え自在にすることができ、このことは、例えば、予備のペン先主体を用意しておけば、ゴミや屑などが入り込んで詰まった場合でも、容易にペン先の交換を行うことができる。
Also, by providing a step portion in the axial direction, when the pen tip is attached to the writing instrument, the position of the rear end portion can be reliably brought into contact with the ink reservoir and can be reliably set at a predetermined position. The nib can be changed freely. For example, if a spare nib main body is prepared, the nib can be easily exchanged even if dust or debris gets stuck. be able to.

以下、この発明にかかる合成樹脂製ペン先の実施の一例を、添付の図面を参照しながら詳細に説明するが、この発明は図示した実施例に限定されるものではなく、この発明の要旨を変更しない範囲内において種々変更を加えることが可能なものである。   Hereinafter, an example of an embodiment of a synthetic resin nib according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment, and the gist of the present invention is described below. Various changes can be made within the range not changed.

この発明の合成樹脂製ペン先1は、インク流路2を有する所要長さと径を有する異形断面を有する中芯部材3と、この中芯部材3を一定厚みで被覆する被覆部材4とからなるペン先主体からなるものである。なお、ペン先主体は合成樹脂製ペン先1と実質的におなじのため、以下、符号も同じにして説明する。   The synthetic resin nib 1 of the present invention comprises a core member 3 having an irregular cross section having a required length and diameter having an ink flow path 2, and a covering member 4 covering the core member 3 with a constant thickness. It consists of a nib main body. Since the nib main body is substantially the same as the synthetic resin nib 1, the following description will be made with the same reference numerals.

このペン先主体1を構成する中芯部材3と被覆部材4とは、いずれも合成樹脂材料によって成形されたもので、合成樹脂であればその素材については特段の制限はない。
具体的には、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン、ABSなどの汎用プラスチックが使用できるが、ポリアセタール樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリブチレンテレフタレート樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂、シンジオタクチックポリスチレン樹脂などに代表されるエンジニアリングプラスチックや、ポリフェニレン樹脂、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン樹脂、液晶ポリマー樹脂、ポリテトラフロロエチレン樹脂などのフッ素樹脂、ポリエーテルニトリル樹脂などに代表されるスーパーエンジニアリングプラスチックを使用することが好ましい。
The core member 3 and the covering member 4 constituting the nib main body 1 are both formed of a synthetic resin material, and the material is not particularly limited as long as it is a synthetic resin.
Specifically, general-purpose plastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, ABS can be used, but engineering plastics represented by polyacetal resin, polyamide resin, polybutylene terephthalate resin, polyethylene terephthalate resin, syndiotactic polystyrene resin, It is preferable to use super engineering plastics typified by fluorine resins such as polyphenylene resin, polyether ether ketone resin, liquid crystal polymer resin, polytetrafluoroethylene resin, and polyether nitrile resin.

前記エンジニアリングプラスチックの中でも、ペン先の素材として要求されている、機械的強度、剛性、耐疲労度や寸法安定性等の各物性に優れた、結晶性エンジニアリングプラスチックである、ポリアセタールを用いることが特に好ましい。   Among the engineering plastics, it is particularly preferable to use polyacetal, which is a crystalline engineering plastic that is required as a nib material and has excellent physical properties such as mechanical strength, rigidity, fatigue resistance and dimensional stability. preferable.

なお、ペン先主体1に用いる素材の種類は一種類である必要はなく、二種類以上の合成樹脂を用いることも当然可能で、例えば、部材ごとに異なる素材の材料を用いてもよい。   In addition, the kind of material used for the nib main body 1 does not need to be one kind, and naturally two or more kinds of synthetic resins can be used. For example, different materials may be used for each member.

前記ペン先主体1は、ナチュラル(半透明)なポリアセタールを加熱溶融して押出し、異型断面の隙間からなるインク流路2を有する中芯部材3を成形したのち、この中芯部材3の外周に白色の顔料を配したポリアセタール樹脂を加熱溶融して押出しにて被覆して被覆部材4を形成したものである。
このペン先主体1のインク流路内径はφ0.72mm、中芯径はφ1.0mm、被覆部材4の外径はφ2.5mmで、得た長尺のペン先主体を所要長さに切断して丸棒状のペン先素材を形成する。
The nib main body 1 heats and melts natural (semi-transparent) polyacetal and extrudes it to form an inner core member 3 having an ink flow path 2 composed of a gap of an irregular cross section. A polyacetal resin provided with a white pigment is heated and melted and coated by extrusion to form a covering member 4.
The inner diameter of the ink flow path of the nib main body 1 is φ0.72 mm, the core diameter is φ1.0 mm, the outer diameter of the covering member 4 is φ2.5 mm, and the obtained long nib main body is cut to a required length. A round bar-like nib material is formed.

かくして得た丸棒状のペン先素材の先端部4aと後端部4cとを、それぞれ截頭円錐状になるように研磨するとともに、中間部4bは、先端部4aとの境界部にリング状の突条部5が形成されるよう、外周部を円柱状にさらに細く研磨する。ついで、截頭円錐状に形成した先端部4aの側面部の一部をさらにクサビ状に研磨して、端面がほぼ矩形状の筆記面6を形成したのち、インク流路2の先端部が顕出した筆記面6の外周の一部から、中芯部材3に沿って先端部4aの後方に向かって、中芯部材3と平行に被覆部材4の一部外周面を厚さ0.65mm、中芯部材3の外径との距離が0.1mmとなるよう、すなわち、中芯部材3と0.1mmの間隔を存して削り落として平らなインク視認部7を形成して合成樹脂製ペン先1としたものである。   The tip portion 4a and the rear end portion 4c of the round bar-shaped nib material thus obtained are each polished so as to have a frustoconical shape, and the intermediate portion 4b has a ring shape at the boundary with the tip portion 4a. The outer peripheral part is further polished into a cylindrical shape so that the protrusion 5 is formed. Next, a part of the side surface portion of the tip portion 4a formed in a frustoconical shape is further polished into a wedge shape to form a writing surface 6 having a substantially rectangular end surface, and then the tip portion of the ink flow path 2 is exposed. A part of the outer peripheral surface of the covering member 4 is 0.65 mm in thickness parallel to the core member 3 from a part of the outer periphery of the written surface 6 to the rear of the tip portion 4a along the core member 3. It is made of synthetic resin so that the distance from the outer diameter of the core member 3 is 0.1 mm, that is, it is scraped off with a space of 0.1 mm from the core member 3 to form a flat ink visualizing portion 7. The nib 1 is used.

なお、前記突条部5は、図4に示すように、ペン先主体1を後述する筆記具9に装着する場合、ペン先主体1の筆記具9への挿入深さを制御するためのものであるで、必ずしも図示のようにリング状の突条部でなく、先端部4aの径に対し、中間部4bの径を小さくして段部を形成し、この段部によって挿入深さを制御してもよい。   As shown in FIG. 4, the protrusion 5 is for controlling the insertion depth of the pen tip main body 1 into the writing tool 9 when the pen tip main body 1 is mounted on a writing tool 9 described later. Therefore, it is not necessarily a ring-shaped ridge as shown in the figure, and a step portion is formed by making the diameter of the intermediate portion 4b smaller than the diameter of the tip portion 4a, and the insertion depth is controlled by this step portion. Also good.

かくして得たペン先主体1を、図4に示すように、内部に紫色のインクを貯留したインク溜り8を有する筆記具9の先端開口部に、ペン先主体1の截頭円錐状の後端部4cが前記インク溜り8と連通するようにして装着してペン先としたところ、インク溜り8のインクは毛管現象によってインク流路2を介して先端部4a側に流れ、インク視認部7の中央部に紫色が顕出し、インクの色が紫色であることを容易に視認することができた。   As shown in FIG. 4, the nib main body 1 obtained in this way has a frustoconical rear end portion of the nib main body 1 at the front end opening of the writing instrument 9 having an ink reservoir 8 in which purple ink is stored. When the pen 4b is attached so as to communicate with the ink reservoir 8, the ink in the ink reservoir 8 flows to the tip 4a side via the ink flow path 2 by capillary action, and the center of the ink visual recognition unit 7 is reached. Purple was evident in the area, and it was easily visible that the ink color was purple.

上記と同様に、インクの色を、青、緑、黄色、橙、赤の5色において、それぞれ試みると、各色について、インクの色の識別をすることができた。   In the same manner as described above, when the ink colors were tried in five colors of blue, green, yellow, orange and red, the ink color could be identified for each color.

その際、上記インクの色を識別できるインク視認部7は、矩形状である筆記面の方向を確実にするための目印にもなり、例えば、インク視認部7を上向きにしてペン先を紙面にセットすれば、矩形状である筆記面6の長手方向を用いて筆記することができる。   In that case, the ink visual recognition part 7 which can identify the color of the ink also serves as a mark for ensuring the direction of the rectangular writing surface. For example, the ink visual recognition part 7 faces upward and the pen tip is on the paper surface. If set, writing can be performed using the longitudinal direction of the writing surface 6 which is rectangular.

図5は、この発明にかかる合成樹脂製ペン先の他の実施例を示すもので、前記実施例と同様に、インク流路12を有する所要長さと径を有する異形断面の中芯部材13と、この中芯部材13を一定厚みで被覆する被覆部材14とからなる丸棒状のペン先主体11である。
前記実施例で得た丸棒状のペン先主体11の、先端部14aおよび後端部14cをそれぞれ截頭円錐状に、中間部14bを、先端部14a側に環状の突条部15が形成されるよう円柱状に細かく研磨し、前記先端部14aの相対する側面部をさらにクサビ状に研磨して、図6に示すように、端面がほぼ矩形状の筆記面16を形成する。
ついで、インク流路12が顕出した筆記面16の外周の一部から、中芯部材13に沿って先端部14aの後方に向かって、被覆部材14の相対する外周面の一部を、中芯部材13の外径との距離が、例えば、厚さ0.2mm、0.3mm、0.4mmと階段状に離しながらインク流路12内のインクの色が識別できる厚さまで切削し、インク視認部17を形成して合成樹脂製ペン先11としたものである。
FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the synthetic resin nib according to the present invention. Like the above embodiment, the core member 13 having an irregular cross section having the required length and diameter having the ink flow path 12 is shown. A round bar-shaped nib main body 11 is formed of a covering member 14 that covers the core member 13 with a constant thickness.
The tip portion 14a and the rear end portion 14c of the round bar-shaped pen nib main body 11 obtained in the embodiment are respectively formed in a frustoconical shape, and the intermediate portion 14b is formed with an annular ridge portion 15 on the tip portion 14a side. As shown in FIG. 6, a writing surface 16 whose end face is substantially rectangular is formed by finely polishing in a cylindrical shape and further polishing the opposing side surface portions of the tip portion 14a in a wedge shape.
Next, a part of the outer peripheral surface of the covering member 14 facing from the part of the outer periphery of the writing surface 16 where the ink flow path 12 is exposed to the rear of the tip portion 14a along the core member 13 The distance from the outer diameter of the core member 13 is, for example, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, and 0.4 mm in thickness, and is cut to a thickness that allows the color of the ink in the ink flow path 12 to be identified while stepping away. The visual recognition part 17 is formed to form the synthetic resin nib 11.

前記の構成の合成樹脂製ペン先11を、先に示した筆記具に装着し、インクを吸わせると、前記インク視認部17の中心部にインクを含んだ中芯部材13が透けて見え、インクの色を明瞭に視認することができた。また、インクの透けて見えるインク視認部17を目印として、クサビ形状の筆記面の方向を識別することができ、かつ、ペン先を紙面に正しくセットすることができた。   When the synthetic resin nib 11 having the above-described configuration is attached to the writing instrument shown above and ink is sucked, the core member 13 containing ink can be seen through the central portion of the ink visualizing portion 17 and the ink is visible. The color of was clearly visible. In addition, the direction of the wedge-shaped writing surface could be identified using the ink viewing portion 17 through which the ink could see through as a mark, and the pen tip could be set correctly on the paper surface.

図7は、この発明にかかる合成樹脂製ペン先の他の実施例を示すもので、ペン先主体21は、前記2つの実施例と同様に、インク流路22を有する所要長さと径を有する異形断面の中芯部材23と、この中芯部材23を一定厚みで被覆する被覆部材24とからなる丸棒状のものである。
得た丸棒状のペン先主体21の先端部24aを砲弾状に、また、後端部24cを截頭円錐状に、中間部24bを先端部24a側に環状の突条部25が形成されるよう円柱状に細かく研磨したのち、インク流路22の先端部が顕出した円形な筆記面26の外周の一部から先端部24aの後方に向かって、中芯部材23に沿って被覆部材24の一部外周面を厚さ0.55mm、中芯部材23の外径との距離が0.2mmとなるように、0.7mm幅で凹状に切削してインク視認部27を形成して合成樹脂製ペン先21としたものである。
FIG. 7 shows another embodiment of the synthetic resin nib according to the present invention, and the nib main body 21 has the required length and diameter having the ink flow path 22 as in the two embodiments. It has a round bar shape composed of a core member 23 having a modified cross section and a covering member 24 covering the core member 23 with a constant thickness.
The tip 24a of the obtained round bar-shaped nib main body 21 is formed in a cannonball shape, the rear end 24c is formed in a frustoconical shape, and the annular protrusion 25 is formed on the intermediate portion 24b on the tip 24a side. After being finely polished into a cylindrical shape as described above, the covering member 24 extends along the core member 23 from a part of the outer periphery of the circular writing surface 26 where the tip portion of the ink flow path 22 is exposed toward the rear of the tip portion 24a. A part of the outer peripheral surface of the core is cut into a concave shape with a width of 0.7 mm so as to have a thickness of 0.55 mm and a distance from the outer diameter of the core member 23 to be 0.2 mm. The resin nib 21 is used.

前記構成の合成樹脂製ペン先21を、先に示した筆記具に装着しインクを吸わせると、前記凹状のインク視認部27の中心部にインクを含んだ中芯部材23が透けて見え、インクの色を明瞭に視認することができた。   When the synthetic resin nib 21 having the above-described structure is attached to the writing instrument shown above and sucks ink, the core member 23 containing ink can be seen through the central portion of the concave ink viewing portion 27, and the ink is visible. The color of was clearly visible.

前記した各実施例の合成樹脂製ペン先と、従来の切削加工を施していないペン先とを比較すると、明らかに色を視認できる範囲が拡大し、容易にインクの色を判断できることが分かった。   When the synthetic resin nib of each example described above and the nib not subjected to conventional cutting processing were compared, it was found that the range in which the color could be visually recognized was clearly enlarged and the color of the ink could be easily determined. .

前記3つの実施例において、図5に示す実施例では、インク視認部17をペン先主体1の相対する側面部に形成しているが、図1に示す実施例と同様に一方の側面部にのみ形成してもよく、同様に図1に示す実施例の相対する側面部にインク視認部7を形成してもよい。また、図8および図9に示す実施例では、筆記面26が円形であるので、その円周上に複数を均等に配置形成してもよいことは当然である。   In the above-described three embodiments, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the ink visual recognition portion 17 is formed on the opposite side surface portion of the pen nib main body 1, but as in the embodiment shown in FIG. In the same manner, the ink visual recognition portion 7 may be formed on the opposite side portions of the embodiment shown in FIG. Further, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, since the writing surface 26 is circular, it is natural that a plurality of the writing surfaces 26 may be equally arranged on the circumference.

また、被覆部材4の切削に際し、中芯部材の外径との距離は、0.05〜0.4mmの範囲内であれば、中芯部材と平行であっても、階段状もしくは傾斜状であっても、インク流路内を流れるインクの色を十分に視認することができる。さらに、インク視認部7の長さは、ペン先の大きさとの関係から約2〜10mm程度とすることが好ましい。
Further, when the covering member 4 is cut, if the distance from the outer diameter of the core member is within a range of 0.05 to 0.4 mm, it is stepped or inclined even if parallel to the core member. Even in such a case, the color of the ink flowing in the ink flow path can be sufficiently visually recognized. Furthermore, the length of the ink visual recognition part 7 is preferably about 2 to 10 mm in relation to the size of the pen tip.

この発明にかかる合成樹脂製ペン先は、ペン先の先端部を見ただけでインクの色や筆記方向の識別が可能であるとともに、安価に製造でき、ペン先の交換も容易であるので、装飾文字を書く用途のカリグラフィーペン、ラインマーカ、多色マーカ、マーキングペン等の筆記具に好適に用いることができる。
The synthetic resin nib according to the present invention can identify the ink color and writing direction just by looking at the tip of the nib, and can be manufactured at low cost, and the nib can be easily replaced. It can be suitably used for writing instruments such as calligraphic pens, line markers, multicolor markers, and marking pens for use in writing decorative characters.

この発明にかかる合成樹脂製ペン先の一例を示す一部切り欠き平面図である。It is a partially cutaway top view which shows an example of the synthetic resin nib concerning this invention. 図1に示す合成樹脂製ペン先の側面図である。It is a side view of the synthetic resin nib shown in FIG. 図1に示す合成樹脂製ペン先の拡大正面図である。It is an enlarged front view of the synthetic resin nib shown in FIG. 使用状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows a use condition. この発明にかかる合成樹脂製ペン先の他の例を示す一部切り欠き側面図である。It is a partially cutaway side view showing another example of the synthetic resin nib according to the present invention. 図5に示す合成樹脂製ペン先の拡大正面図である。FIG. 6 is an enlarged front view of the synthetic resin nib shown in FIG. 5. この発明にかかる合成樹脂製ペン先のさらに他の例を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the other example of the synthetic resin nib concerning this invention. 図7に示す合成樹脂製ペン先の側面図である。It is a side view of the synthetic resin nib shown in FIG. 図7に示す合成樹脂製ペン先の拡大正面図である。It is an enlarged front view of the synthetic resin nib shown in FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1,11,21 合成樹脂製ペン先
2,12,22 インク流路
3,13,23 中芯部材
4,14,24 被覆部材
5,15,25 突条部
6,16,26 筆記面
7,17,27 インク視認部
8 インク溜り
9 筆記具
1,11,21 Synthetic resin nib 2,12,22 Ink flow path 3,13,23 Core member 4,14,24 Cover member 5,15,25 Projection 6,16,26 Writing surface 7, 17, 27 Ink visual recognition part 8 Ink reservoir 9 Writing instrument

Claims (8)

インク流路を有する異形断面の中芯部材の外周を、被覆部材で被覆して棒状のペン先主体を構成し、
前記ペン先主体における先端部の被覆部材の一部を、インク流路内のインクの色が識別できる厚さまで切削してインク視認部を形成したこと
を特徴とする合成樹脂製ペン先。
The outer periphery of the core member having an irregular cross section having an ink flow path is covered with a covering member to constitute a rod-shaped pen tip main body,
A synthetic resin pen tip, wherein an ink visual recognition portion is formed by cutting a part of a covering member at a tip portion of the pen tip main body to a thickness that allows the ink color in the ink flow path to be identified.
前記インク視認部は、
前記ペン先主体の先端部から後方に、中芯部材に沿って平行に被覆部材の一部をインク流路内のインクの色が識別できる厚さまで切削して形成したこと
を特徴とする請求項1に記載の合成樹脂製ペン先。
The ink visual recognition part is
A part of the covering member is cut from the tip end portion of the nib main body in parallel along the center core member to a thickness that allows the color of the ink in the ink flow path to be identified. The synthetic resin nib according to 1.
前記インク視認部は、
前記中芯部材に沿って、ペン先主体の先端部から後方に至るに従って傾斜状もしくは階段状に高くしながら被覆部材の一部を、インク流路内のインクの色が識別できる厚さまで切削して形成したこと
を特徴とする請求項1に記載の合成樹脂製ペン先。
The ink visual recognition part is
Along the core member, a part of the covering member is cut to a thickness that allows the color of the ink in the ink flow path to be discriminated while increasing in an inclined or stepped manner from the tip of the nib main body to the rear. The synthetic resin nib according to claim 1, wherein the nib is made of a synthetic resin.
前記インク視認部は、
前記ペン先主体の先端部から後方に、中芯部材に沿って平行に被覆部材の一部を、インク流路内のインクの色が識別できる厚さまで凹状に切削して形成されていること
を特徴とする請求項1に記載の合成樹脂製ペン先。
The ink visual recognition part is
It is formed by cutting a part of the covering member in a concave shape from the tip of the nib main body to the rear in parallel along the core member to a thickness that allows the color of the ink in the ink flow path to be identified. The synthetic resin nib according to claim 1.
前記インク視認部は、
前記ペン先主体の先端部に形成された塗布面の一端から、中芯部材に沿って後方に、前記先端部の被覆部材の一部を平面状に切削して形成されていること
を特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の合成樹脂製ペン先。
The ink visual recognition part is
It is formed by cutting a part of the covering member of the tip part into a flat shape from one end of the coating surface formed at the tip part of the nib main body, rearward along the core member. The synthetic resin nib according to claim 1 or 2.
前記ペン先主体は、
中芯部材および被覆部材が合成樹脂製で、その先端部が砲弾状又はクサビ状に、後端部が截頭円錐状に形成されていること
を特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の合成樹脂製ペン先。
The nib main body is
The core member and the covering member are made of synthetic resin, and the tip end portion is formed in a cannonball shape or wedge shape, and the rear end portion is formed in a truncated cone shape. The described synthetic resin nib.
前記ペン先主体は、
ポリアセタール樹脂で成形されたものであること
を特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の合成樹脂製ペン先。
The nib main body is
The synthetic resin nib according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the nib is made of a polyacetal resin.
前記被覆部材は、
顔料を含むポリアセタール樹脂で成形されたものであること
を特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の合成樹脂製ペン先。
The covering member is
The synthetic resin nib according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the nib is made of a polyacetal resin containing a pigment.
JP2006088389A 2006-03-28 2006-03-28 Synthetic resin nib Active JP4707003B2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2006088389A JP4707003B2 (en) 2006-03-28 2006-03-28 Synthetic resin nib
PCT/JP2007/056418 WO2007116746A1 (en) 2006-03-28 2007-03-27 Synthetic resin-made pen tip

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2006088389A JP4707003B2 (en) 2006-03-28 2006-03-28 Synthetic resin nib

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2007261056A true JP2007261056A (en) 2007-10-11
JP2007261056A5 JP2007261056A5 (en) 2009-01-08
JP4707003B2 JP4707003B2 (en) 2011-06-22

Family

ID=38581044

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Country Status (2)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4707003B2 (en)
WO (1) WO2007116746A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102320199A (en) * 2011-06-29 2012-01-18 周圣仕 Cartridge capable of replacing ink tube
JP2016091394A (en) * 2014-11-07 2016-05-23 オーベクス株式会社 Touch pen

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3835077A4 (en) * 2018-08-07 2022-05-11 Mitsubishi Pencil Company, Limited Pen tip and writing tool provided with said pen tip

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5742712Y2 (en) * 1979-07-02 1982-09-20
JPH08118871A (en) * 1994-10-25 1996-05-14 Teiboo Kk Synthetic resin pen-point with wings
JPH09150595A (en) * 1995-11-29 1997-06-10 Pentel Kk Pen made of synthetic resin

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5742712Y2 (en) * 1979-07-02 1982-09-20
JPH08118871A (en) * 1994-10-25 1996-05-14 Teiboo Kk Synthetic resin pen-point with wings
JPH09150595A (en) * 1995-11-29 1997-06-10 Pentel Kk Pen made of synthetic resin

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102320199A (en) * 2011-06-29 2012-01-18 周圣仕 Cartridge capable of replacing ink tube
JP2016091394A (en) * 2014-11-07 2016-05-23 オーベクス株式会社 Touch pen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP4707003B2 (en) 2011-06-22
WO2007116746A1 (en) 2007-10-18

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