JP2007260840A - Workpiece positioning table and machine tool furnished with workpiece positioning table - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a workpiece positioning table for positioning workpieces of various shapes in simple structure and a machine tool furnished with this workpiece positioning table. <P>SOLUTION: This table 10 is furnished with a fixing pin 62 and a movable pin 64 to position by being engaged with standard holes 22a, 22b of a workpiece 22. The fixing pin 62 is fixed on a table surface 10a and the movable pin 64 is provided free to move in a straight line on the table surface 10a by a straight moving means 72. A placing base 21 on which the work 22 positioned by the fixing pin 62 and the movable pin 64 is placed is also fixed on the table surface 10a free to connect and disconnect to and from it. The table 10 is furnished with a driving part 68 to revolve a revolving part 66 including the table surface 10a. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a workpiece positioning table for positioning a workpiece when the workpiece (work) is machined by a machine tool, and a machine tool including the workpiece positioning table.

  Generally, when a workpiece, for example, a cylinder block or a cylinder head, which is an engine component, is machined by a machine tool, the workpiece is machined in a state where the workpiece is positioned at a desired position.

  In such a case, for example, by providing about two reference holes for positioning in the workpiece, and providing a positioning pin (reference member) corresponding to the reference hole on the pallet as a workpiece mounting table, the workpiece Is positioned at a desired position. Then, the pallet on which the workpiece positioned in this way is mounted is fixed to the table of the machine tool for processing.

  However, various types are usually set for a workpiece to be machined by a machine tool, for example, a cylinder block or a cylinder head as engine parts. For example, there are many parts having different shapes such as in-line and V-type or 4-cylinder and 6-cylinder due to this type difference.

  Therefore, in order to position workpieces having different shapes, it is necessary to prepare a large number of pallets according to the shape of each workpiece, and the production cost and storage location of the pallets are problematic.

  Therefore, in Patent Document 1, in a table for positioning a printed circuit board which is a work, two moving platforms on which two edge portions of the printed circuit board are individually placed and are movable in the Y-axis direction; A technical low idea including a fixed pin and a moving pin arranged between the two moving tables is described. The fixed pin is fixed on the table surface, and the moving pin is configured to be movable in the X-axis direction so as to correspond to the two reference holes of the printed circuit board placed on the moving table. Positioning.

JP 7-251333 A

  However, in the engine parts as described above, the position of the reference hole used for positioning differs depending on the shape. For this reason, the position of the reference hole of the workpiece corresponding to the fixed pin in the workpiece positioning table having the above-described conventional configuration is not always at a fixed position, and particularly when machining the side surface of the workpiece, It is difficult to face the front of the machine, and it is difficult to perform accurate and rapid processing.

  In addition, the workpiece positioning table itself may be required to be used as a pallet for conveyance. For this reason, simplification and weight reduction of the table structure are desired. However, in the table in the conventional configuration, the two moving means for moving the two moving bases and the moving pin for moving the moving pins are desired. There are a total of three moving means. Therefore, the structure of the table is complicated and heavy.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the conventional problems, and can be used to position a workpiece of various shapes in a desired posture with a simple structure, and to provide a workpiece positioning table excellent in production efficiency and a machine equipped with the workpiece positioning table. The purpose is to provide a machine.

  The workpiece positioning table of the present invention is a workpiece positioning table for positioning a workpiece having a first reference portion and a second reference portion, which is fixed to a table surface and engages with the first reference portion. A first reference member, a second reference member that is movably provided on the table surface and engages with the second reference portion, and a linear movement means that linearly moves the second reference member; A mounting table on which a workpiece fixed by the table surface and detachably fixed and positioned by the first reference member and the second reference member is mounted; and a rotating means for rotating the table surface. It is characterized by that.

  According to the above configuration, various shapes of workpieces can be positioned in a desired posture by a simple configuration having two axes, a linear movement axis for linearly moving the second reference member and a pivot axis of the table. it can. For this reason, the structure and weight reduction of the workpiece positioning table can be achieved.

  Further, when the linear moving means has an elastic body that elastically supports the second reference member in the moving direction, the second reference member is allowed to move somewhat when positioning the workpiece. It will be. For this reason, the workpiece can be easily positioned without being substantially affected by the pitch error or the like in the first reference portion and the second reference portion of the workpiece.

  Furthermore, when the workpiece positioning table includes a drive unit including the rotation unit and a turning unit including the table surface and is detachably connected to the drive unit, the workpiece positioning table includes the rotation unit and has a weight. The swivel part can be separated from the large drive part. Therefore, since the turning portion having the table surface becomes light by the separation, the turning portion can be used as a workpiece transfer pallet for transferring the workpiece.

  A machine tool of the present invention is a machine tool comprising the workpiece positioning table according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the linear moving means receives a rotating part and a rotational driving force by the rotating part. And a second reference member is disposed in the moving unit, and a first moving amount or position of the second reference member is detected. And a machining spindle on which a rotary tool for rotating the rotary unit is mounted, a second detection means for detecting the phase of the workpiece positioning table, and driving of the machining spindle and the rotation means. Control means, and the control means matches the moving direction of the moving portion with the axial direction of the machining spindle, and rotates the rotating portion with the rotating tool to thereby set the second reference member in a predetermined manner. Move to position After, characterized in that pivoting the workpiece positioning table to a predetermined position.

  According to the above configuration, the second reference member can be linearly moved without providing the linear moving means with a drive source such as a motor. Therefore, the structure of the workpiece positioning table can be further simplified and reduced in weight.

  In addition, the machine tool of the present invention includes a first fixed on a table surface and engaged with the first reference portion for positioning a workpiece having a first reference portion and a second reference portion. And a second reference member that is movably provided on the table surface and engages with the second reference portion. The first reference member and the first reference member are provided on the table surface. A machine tool including a workpiece positioning table on which a workpiece positioned by two reference members is placed, wherein the second reference member is supported so as to be linearly slidable; A first detection means for detecting a movement amount or a position of a reference member, a shaft support means for pivotally supporting the work positioning table, a brake means for positioning and fixing the work positioning table, and a work positioning table. Phase A second detecting means to be known; a processing spindle for moving the second reference member by mounting a moving tool; and a control means for controlling a moving operation of the processing spindle; The second reference member is moved to a predetermined position by moving the machining spindle equipped with a moving tool.

  According to the above-described configuration, the workpiece positioning table can be simply configured to support the second reference member so as to be linearly slidable by the linear sliding means, and the work tool is attached to the machining spindle by the moving tool. The second reference member can be positioned with high accuracy. Therefore, the structure of the workpiece positioning table is further simplified and reduced in weight.

  According to the present invention, a workpiece having various shapes can be positioned in a desired posture by a simple configuration having two axes, a linear movement axis for linearly moving a reference member provided on the table and a pivot axis of the table. A workpiece positioning table and a machine tool including the workpiece positioning table are provided. Therefore, the structure of the workpiece positioning table can be simplified and reduced in weight.

  Further, in the workpiece positioning table according to the present invention, since the axes whose positioning is controlled by the control means are the two axes, the control load of the control means can be reduced.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, a workpiece positioning table according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings by giving preferred embodiments in relation to a machine tool on which the workpiece positioning table is mounted.

  FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a machine tool 12 on which a table 10 that is a workpiece positioning table according to a first embodiment of the present invention is mounted, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the machine tool 12. FIG. 3 is a front view of the machine tool 12. The machine tool 12 is a so-called numerically controlled machine tool (NC machine tool), and is capable of positioning the spindle 46 (machining spindle) with high accuracy.

  The machine tool 12 includes a base 14 on which a table 10 as a work positioning table and a spindle unit 16 are arranged in two horizontal directions (arrow Z-axis direction and arrow X perpendicular to the Z-axis direction). A spindle head unit 18 that is movably supported at predetermined positions in the three-dimensional direction in the axial direction) and the vertical direction (arrow Y-axis direction), and a tool changer unit 20 are disposed. On the table 10, a workpiece 22 (see FIG. 4) as a workpiece to be machined by the machine tool 12 is mounted on a mounting table 21 that is an attachment corresponding to the shape of the workpiece 22. The positioning is fixed (see FIG. 12A). Examples of the workpiece 22 include a cast cylinder block, a cylinder head, and the like. For example, various shapes of the workpiece 22 are positioned according to the model of the engine.

  As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, the mounting table 21 is provided to securely mount the workpiece 22 in accordance with the shape of the bottom surface of the workpiece 22 (the surface abutting on the mounting table 21). The mounting plate 21b is attached to four leg portions 21a that are detachably fixed on the table surface 10a. Further, in the mounting table 21 in the present embodiment, six convex portions 21c corresponding to concave portions (not shown) formed on the bottom surface of the work 22 are provided on the mounting plate 21b.

  Further, the mounting table 21 is formed with two escape portions 21d and 21e which are bay-shaped holes. The escape portion 21d is provided so as to avoid the fixing pin 62. A movable pin 64 faces the escape portion 21e (see FIGS. 6 and 7). The escape portion 21e that the movable pin 64 faces has a long shape that allows the movable pin 64 to move within a predetermined range.

  Further, in the vicinity of the machine tool 12, a control device 23 is disposed as a control unit that controls each movable part of the machine tool 12 and controls the machining process of the workpiece 22.

  The spindle head unit 18 is provided with a movable column 26 which is disposed on the base 14 so as to be movable back and forth in the horizontal direction (Z-axis direction) via a first drive motor 24 and ball screw means (not shown), and a second drive. Via a motor 30 and a ball screw means (not shown), the front surface 26a of the movable column 26 is engaged with a pair of guide rails 28 oriented in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction) and supported so as to be movable up and down in the Y-axis direction. The lift table 32 is engaged with a pair of guide rails 38 provided on the front surface 32a of the lift table 32 in the horizontal direction (X-axis direction) via the third drive motor 34 and the ball screw means 36. And a movable table 40 supported so as to be displaceable in the X-axis direction.

  A spindle unit 16 projects from the front surface 40a of the movable table 40 in the direction of the table 10. A tool 44 a is detachably attached to the tip end portion of the spindle 46 of the spindle unit 16 via a tool holder 42. The main shaft 46 is supported on the movable table 40 in a rotatable state by a main shaft driving motor 47. In addition, the 1st drive motor 24, the 2nd drive motor 30, the 3rd drive motor 34, and the spindle drive motor 47 are comprised by the servomotor, for example.

  As described above, the spindle head unit 18 is supported on the base 14 so as to be movable back and forth in the Z-axis direction, and supported on the front surface 26a of the movable column 26 so as to be movable up and down in the Y-axis direction. The elevating table 32 and a movable table 40 supported on the front surface 32a of the elevating table 32 so as to be displaceable in the X-axis direction are provided.

  Therefore, the main shaft 46 of the main shaft unit 16 protruding from the front surface 40a of the movable table 40 and the tool 44a attached to the tip of the main shaft 46 are controlled by the control device 23 under the X, Y, and Z axes. It is supported so as to be movable and rotatable in the direction. Moreover, since the machine tool 12 is an NC machine tool as described above, the movement of the spindle unit 16 is controlled with high accuracy.

  As shown in FIGS. 2, 3, and 5, the tool changer unit 20 includes an arm drive motor 50 attached to a support base 48, and a swing arm 52 that is pivotally driven with one end fixed to the arm drive motor 50. And have. An arcuate guide groove 54 is provided in the vicinity of the arm drive motor 50 of the turning arm 52. The support base 48 is provided with a guide pin 56 that is slidably engaged with the guide groove 54.

  Then, under the guiding action of the guide groove 54 and the guide pin 56, the swing arm 52 is restricted in the swing angle range from the solid line position to the two-dot chain line position in FIG. In addition, the arm drive motor 50 is comprised by a servomotor, for example like the said 1st drive motor 24 grade | etc.,.

  Further, on the other end side of the turning arm 52 opposite to the arm drive motor 50 side, a tool 44a detachably attached to the tool holder 42 in the spindle unit 16 is removed from the tool holder 42, and A plurality of gripping means 58 for supplying a new tool (for example, tool 44b) to the main shaft 46, four in this embodiment, are provided.

  Each of these gripping means 58 has a pair of claw members 60a and 60b, and the tool holder 42 can be gripped by opening and closing the claw members 60a and 60b. That is, in the machine tool 12, under the control of the control device 23, the spindle unit 16 is moved to a predetermined tool change position by the spindle head unit 18, and the turning arm 52 is turned at an angle indicated by a solid line in FIG. Then, the tool changing operation is performed by the opening / closing operation of the gripping means 58 and the movement of the spindle unit 16 in the X-axis direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the table 10 includes a turning unit 66 having a table surface 10 a and a drive unit 68 (rotation) that is attached to the lower part of the turning unit 66 and drives the turning unit 66 to turn (rotate). Means). The bottom surface of the drive unit 68 is fixed on the base 14 of the machine tool 12 directly or via a member (not shown).

  The turning portion 66 has a stepped columnar shape having a table surface 10a, and an engagement hole 70 that engages with a drive shaft 69a of a turning portion drive motor 69 of the drive portion 68 described later is provided at the center of the bottom surface. Further, on the table surface 10a, to engage with two reference holes 22a and 22b (first and second reference portions, see FIG. 4) which are positioning portions of the workpiece 22, the workpiece 22 is positioned. A fixed pin 62 (first reference member) and a movable pin 64 (second reference member) are provided.

  Further, on the table surface 10a of the turning portion 66, a linear moving means 72 for moving the movable pin 64 linearly is disposed.

  Here, the linear movement means 72 in this embodiment is demonstrated in detail with reference to FIGS. As described above, the linear moving means 72 is a moving means for moving the movable pin 64 linearly, and is arranged extending linearly on an axis passing through the center of the table surface 10a.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the linear moving means 72 is a ball screw having a movable member 74 (moving portion) having a movable pin 64 projecting upward and a screw portion 78 a penetrating the hole 74 a of the movable member 74. 78 (rotating part). The movable member 74 is supported by the linear guide 82 via a slider 80 connected to the lower part of the movable member 74 (see FIG. 9), and can move linearly in the direction of arrow A in FIG. Further, a nut member 84 (moving portion) that can be screwed with the screw portion 78a is interposed between the hole portion 74a of the movable member 74 and the screw portion 78a that passes through the hole portion 74a, and is movable. The member 74 and the nut member 84 are connected via an elastic body 85. The elastic body 85 only needs to be an elastic material, and for example, rubber, a disc spring, a spring, or the like can be used.

  Further, the linear moving means 72 includes a support member 88 that houses a bearing 86 that pivotally supports one end (in the direction of arrow A2 in FIG. 8) of the ball screw 78, and the other end (in the direction of arrow A1) of the ball screw 78. On the other hand, a rotary drive motor 90 connected via a drive shaft (not shown) is provided. Further, in the direction of the arrow A1 of the rotary drive motor 90, a support member 94 is provided that houses a bearing 92 that supports the ball screw 78 at a position slightly spaced from the rotary drive motor 90.

  On the table surface 10a, in the direction of the arrow A1 of the support member 88, a fixing member 96 having a fixing pin 62 protruding upward is provided side by side. As shown in FIG. 10, the height of the mounting table 21 is set higher than the fixed member 96 and the movable member 74 and lower than the fixed pin 62 and the movable pin 64.

  Therefore, in the linear moving means 72, the movable member 74 is linearly moved together with the nut member 84 screwed with the screw portion 78a by rotating the ball screw 78 by the rotational driving force of the rotational driving motor 90. Therefore, the movable pin 64 can be moved linearly, and the distance L (see FIG. 7) between the movable pin 64 and the fixed pin 62 can be changed to a predetermined distance. At this time, the moving distance of the movable member 74 may be detected by, for example, arranging an optical sensor 98 (first detection means) directed in the direction of the movable member 74 adjacent to the support member 88. A linear encoder head (not shown) is attached to the slider 80 sliding on the linear guide 82, and a ribbon scale of the linear encoder is attached to the linear guide (not shown), that is, the table surface 10a. May be detected.

  At this time, as described above, since the mounting table 21 is provided with the escape portion 21e, the movable pin 64 moves within a sufficient range (the direction of arrow A in FIG. 8) for positioning the workpiece 22. Can do.

  Further, as described above, the movable member 74 is fixed to the nut member 84 via the elastic body 85. Therefore, in a state where the movable member 74 (movable pin 64) is fixed at a predetermined position, that is, in a state where the screw portion 78a and the nut member 84 are screwed and fixed at a predetermined position, Since the movable member 74 (movable pin 64) is elastically supported by the elastic body 85, the movable member 74 (movable pin 64) can be slightly moved (finely moved) in the axial direction (the direction of arrow A in FIG. 8). The movable range (moving width) of the movable member 74 (movable pin 64) due to the action of the elastic body 85 is set to be larger than the backlash at the threaded portion between the threaded portion 78a of the ball screw 78 and the nut member 84. When set to, the movable member 74 (movable pin 64) is elastically supported with a sufficient amount of movement.

  Note that the movable member 74 provided with the movable pin 64 is elastically supported by being allowed to move somewhat by the elastic body 85 in the axial direction (moving direction) as described above, but the turning direction of the table surface 10a. In the direction orthogonal to the axial direction (see FIG. 12A), the elastic body 85 is not elastically supported and is supported with high rigidity. Therefore, in the table 10, the workpiece 22 can be easily positioned while absorbing a pitch error or the like by the elastic support of the movable pin 64 in the axial direction, and the positioning is performed with high accuracy.

  On the other hand, the drive unit 68 has a substantially bottomed cylindrical shape, and has a base portion 102 that is detachably engaged with the turning portion 66 and the engagement portion 100, and as described above, on the base 14 on the bottom surface thereof. It is fixed.

  The drive unit 68 rotatably supports the swivel unit 66 by a bearing 104 (axial support means) disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the base unit 102, and an engagement hole is formed at the inner central portion of the base unit 102. A turning portion drive motor 69 that is engaged with the drive shaft 69a with respect to 70 and drives the turning portion 66 to turn (rotate) is disposed. An encoder 108 (second detection means) is disposed on the peripheral surface of the drive shaft 69a, and the rotational position and amount of the drive shaft 69a can be detected.

  In addition, a seal member 106 is provided on the bearing 104. The seal member 106 prevents cutting waste, cutting oil, or the like when the workpiece 22 is processed from entering through the gap of the engaging portion 100, and can prevent problems with the bearing 104 and the like. Furthermore, since the base 102 has a bottomed cylindrical shape, in combination with the action of the seal member 106, cutting waste or cutting fluid is not mixed into the encoder 108, and malfunction of the encoder 108 can be prevented.

  From the above, in the table 10 according to the present embodiment, the rotary drive motor 90 constituting the linear moving means 72 is driven under the control of the control device 23, and the ball screw 78 is driven to rotate so that the movable pin 64 is illustrated. 8 moves to a predetermined position in the direction of arrow A. As a result, the distance L (see FIG. 7) between the fixed pin 62 and the movable pin 64 can be matched with the pitch of the two reference holes 22a and 22b of the workpiece 22 to be positioned, and the workpiece 22 is positioned. It can mount on the mounting base 21 (refer FIG. 11, FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B). Further, under the control of the control device 23, the turning portion 66 is turned by the turning portion drive motor 69 of the drive portion 68, whereby the table surface 10a is also turned, and the workpiece 22 is opposed to the tool 44a in a desired posture. Can do.

  As described above, in the table 10, the workpiece 22 can be easily changed by changing the distance between the fixed pin 62 and the movable pin 64 to a desired distance corresponding to the positions (pitch) of the reference holes 22 a and 22 b of the workpiece 22. And can be placed on the mounting table 21. Further, the turning unit 66 can easily rotate and move the workpiece 22 positioned and placed on the table surface 10a to a desired posture. Therefore, by using the table 10, a workpiece having various shapes can be easily formed with a simple configuration including the linear moving means 72 and the driving unit 68 that is a rotating means, without using a complicated configuration as in the conventional configuration. Therefore, it is possible to position in a desired posture.

  As described above, the table 10 is easily detachable by the engaging portion 100 between the turning portion 66 and the driving portion 68. For this reason, the turning part 66 and the drive part 68 are separated, and the simpler and lighter turning part 66 having no driving parts or the like can be used as a work transport pallet for positioning and fixing the work 22. . Alternatively, the work 22 may be replaced by preparing a plurality of swiveling units 66 as pallets and replacing the driving unit 68 as necessary.

  Next, an example of an operation when machining the work surface 110 (see FIGS. 4 and 12A) of the workpiece 22 by the machine tool 12 including the table 10 basically configured as described above will be described. This will be described based on the flowchart of FIG.

  First, in step S1, the movable pin 64 is linearly moved by driving the rotational drive motor 90 of the linear moving means 72 and rotationally driving the ball screw 78 under the control of the control device 23. Then, when the distance L (see FIG. 7) between the movable pin 64 and the fixed pin 62 coincides with a predetermined position, that is, the pitch of the reference holes 22a and 22b of the workpiece 22, the rotation of the rotary drive motor 90 is stopped. .

  Thereby, the movable pin 64 and the fixed pin 62 are fixed at a position where the workpiece 22 can be positioned corresponding to the positions of the reference holes 22 a and 22 b of the workpiece 22. At this time, the position and amount of movement of the movable pin 64 are detected by the optical sensor 98. The position detection of the movable pin 64 is not limited to the method using the optical sensor 98. For example, the position of the movable pin 64 can be detected by arranging an encoder on a drive shaft (not shown) of the rotary drive motor 90. It is also possible to detect by arranging the linear encoder (not shown).

  Next, in step S2, as shown in FIG. 10, the reference holes 22a and 22b of the workpiece 22 are engaged with the movable pin 64 and the fixed pin 62, and the workpiece 22 is positioned and placed on the mounting table 21. Put.

  By the way, in the table 10 according to this embodiment, as described above, the movable member 74 provided with the movable pin 64 is elastically supported by the elastic body 85 so as to be freely movable in the axial direction, and the table surface. 10a is supported with high rigidity in the turning direction (direction orthogonal to the axial direction).

  For this reason, in the table 10, when the fixed pin 62 and the movable pin 64 are engaged with the reference holes 22a and 22b of the workpiece 22, the movable pin 64 moves flexibly in the axial direction. Accordingly, the workpiece 22 can be positioned while absorbing the pitch error between the reference hole 22a and the reference hole 22b or between the fixed pin 62 and the movable pin 64 by the flexible movement of the movable pin 64. Even if there is a posture error at the time of introduction of the workpiece 22 (for example, when the workpiece 22 is slightly inclined), the movable pin 64 moves flexibly, resulting in poor engagement (positioning failure). Etc. can be prevented. For this reason, it is possible to avoid a situation in which the entire operation of the machine tool 12 is stopped due to the positioning failure of the workpiece 22.

  Furthermore, in the table 10, as described above, the movable member 74 is supported with high rigidity in the turning direction of the table surface 10a. Therefore, the table 10 absorbs pitch errors and the like by elastic support in the axial direction of the movable pin 64 by high rigidity support in the turning direction of the movable pin 64 and reliable support by the fixed pin 62. The workpiece 22 can be positioned with high accuracy.

  By the way, the workpiece 22 positioned and placed on the table surface 10a in the above step S2 has a posture as shown in FIG. 12A, for example, and a tool 44a mounted on the work surface 110 and the spindle 46. And are not facing each other. Therefore, in this state, it is difficult to appropriately process the surface 110 to be processed.

  Therefore, next, in step S3, under the control of the control device 23, the turning portion drive motor 69 of the drive portion 68 of the table 10 is driven to turn the table surface 10a (the turning portion 66). That is, the work 22 positioned and fixed on the table surface 10a is turned (in the direction of arrow B in FIG. 12A).

  Then, as shown in FIG. 12B, the turning unit drive motor 69 is stopped at a position where the workpiece 22 is in a desired machining posture, that is, the workpiece surface 110 is in a posture facing the main shaft 46 (tool 44a). Thereby, the workpiece 22 is positioned in a desired machining posture. At this time, the rotation position and the rotation amount of the workpiece 22 (the turning unit 66) are detected by the encoder 108 provided in the drive unit 68. In addition to the method using the encoder 108, the detection of the rotation position and the rotation amount of the workpiece 22 can be detected by arranging, for example, a sensor for detecting the rotation amount of the table 10 close to the table 10. .

  Next, in step S4, when it is determined that the machining can be performed as it is with the tool 44a attached to the spindle 46 in the current machining, step S6 is performed next. On the other hand, when it is determined that the tool change is necessary, the following step S5 is executed next.

  That is, if it is determined in step S4 that the tool needs to be changed, step S5 is executed. First, the turning arm 52 of the tool changing unit 20 turns and is shown by a solid line in FIG. Fixed at an angle. At this time, by driving the first drive motor 24, the second drive motor 30 and the third drive motor 34 in the spindle head unit 18, the spindle unit 16 is moved in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions, and a predetermined tool Stop at the replacement position.

  Then, a tool required for processing the workpiece 22, for example, a tool 44b, passes through the tool holder 42 by the opening / closing operation of the predetermined gripping means 58 in the turning arm 52 and the movement of the spindle unit 16 in the X-axis direction or the like. 46 is attached.

  The spindle unit 16 is moved again in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions by the spindle head unit 18, and is stopped when the tool 44 b comes close to the machining position with respect to the workpiece 22.

  In step S6, the tool 44b (44a) is rotationally driven by the spindle drive motor 47, and the tool 44b (44a) is moved in the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis directions by the spindle head unit 18. The workpiece 22 is subjected to predetermined processing.

  Thereafter, if the table surface 10a is rotated by the turning unit drive motor 69 while the workpiece 22 is positioned on the table 10, if necessary, the workpiece 22 can be easily in a posture in which the next machining location can be machined. It is moved and predetermined processing is performed.

  As described above, in the table 10 and the machine tool 12 including the table 10 according to the present embodiment, the axis whose positioning is controlled by the control device 23 is the linear axis (A axis) in the linear moving means 72 and the turning of the turning unit 66. This is a simple configuration composed of two axes (axis B). For this reason, it is possible to position workpieces of various shapes in desired postures while simplifying and reducing the structure of the table 10. In the control device 23, the main control for positioning the workpiece 22 in a desired posture is only the biaxial position control. For this reason, in the machine tool 12, the control load of the control device 23 is greatly reduced.

  In this embodiment, when the fixed pin 62 and the movable pin 64 are detachably attached to the fixed member 96 and the movable member 74, respectively, the shape and size of the reference holes 22a and 22b of the workpiece 22 are reduced. Accordingly, various types of fixed pins 62 and movable pins 64 can be used, which is preferable.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 13 and 14, the same reference numerals as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 12 indicate the same or similar configurations, and thus provide the same or similar functions and effects. The description is omitted and the same applies hereinafter.

  The table 112 (work positioning table) according to the second embodiment is different from the table 10 in that a linear moving unit 114 is provided instead of the linear moving unit 72.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the linear movement means 114 has the rotary drive motor 90 in the linear movement means 72 omitted, and at the end of the ball screw 78 where the rotary drive motor 90 is disposed, A head portion 78b is provided. Accordingly, when the movable pin 64 is moved on the table 112, for example, a predetermined tool that engages with the head portion 78b may be used to manually rotate the ball screw 78.

  In the linear moving means 114 in the present embodiment, a rotary tool 116 having a shape that can be engaged with the head portion 78b is mounted on the spindle 46 of the machine tool 12, and the spindle driving motor 47 rotates the rotary tool 116. Thus, the movement of the movable pin 64 can be automated. FIG. 14 shows a partially omitted perspective view of such a rotating tool 116.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the rotary tool 116 is configured to be detachably attached to the mounting hole 46 a of the main shaft 46 via the mounting portion 42 a of the tool holder 42, and is engaged with the head portion 78 b of the ball screw 78. It has an engaging portion 116b in which a matching hole portion 116a is formed. The engaging portion 116b of the rotary tool 116 is inserted into and integrated with the tool holder 42, and the engaging portion 116b and the tool holder 42 are positioned by a positioning member (not shown). The tool holder 42 is a general-purpose member and is commercially available.

  Then, when the ball screw 78 is rotationally driven using the rotary tool 116, the rotation is first performed under the control of the control device 23 by the tool change operation as described in step S5 in the first embodiment. The tool 116 is attached to the main shaft 46 via the tool holder 42.

  Next, by moving the main shaft 46, the axial direction of the rotary tool 116 and the axial direction of the ball screw 78 are matched (see FIG. 13). Then, after engaging the engaging portion 116 b with the head portion 78 b of the ball screw 78, the rotating tool 116 is rotated by the spindle drive motor 47 to rotate the ball screw 78, thereby moving the movable pin 64 (positioning). )I do.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, since the linear moving means 114 does not have the rotation drive motor 90, the configuration of the linear moving means 114 can be further simplified. Therefore, compared with the table 10 according to the first embodiment, the table 112 can be further simplified and reduced in weight.

  Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The table 118 (work positioning table) according to the third embodiment is different from the table 10 in that a linear sliding means 120 is provided instead of the linear moving means 72.

  As shown in FIG. 15, the linear sliding means 120 includes a guide bar 122 instead of the ball screw 78 in the linear moving means 72, and the guide bar 122 slides slidably through instead of the nut member 84. A member 124 is provided.

  The guide rod 122 has a round bar shape, and both ends thereof are fixedly supported by support members 126 and 128. Therefore, the movable member 74 (movable pin 64) is slidable in the direction of arrow A by the sliding member 124, the slider 80, and the linear guide 82.

  Further, the sliding member 124 of the linear sliding means 120 is connected to a brake means 130 that can lock the sliding member 124 with respect to the guide rod 122. The brake means 130 may be configured so that the sliding member 124 can be locked with respect to the guide rod 122. For example, a brake pad (not shown) is attached to the guide rod 122 by an expansion / contraction operation between a cylinder (not shown) and the cylinder rod. And may be configured to be pressed and fixed.

  In the table 118 in this embodiment, the movable pin 64 (movable member 74) configured to be slidable and lockable with respect to the guide rod 122 is configured to be engageable with the movable pin 64 and the main shaft 46. It is moved directly by the moving tool 132 attached to the. FIG. 16 is a partially omitted perspective view of such a moving tool 132.

  As shown in FIG. 16, the moving tool 132 is configured to be detachably attached to the mounting hole 46 a of the main shaft 46 via the mounting portion 42 a of the tool holder 42, and a hole portion that engages with the movable pin 64. The engaging part 132b in which 132a is formed is provided. The base end portion of the engaging portion 132b of the moving tool 132 is integrated by being integrated with the tool holder 42, and the engaging portion 132b and the tool holder 42 are positioned by a positioning member (not shown).

  In addition, the mounting portion 42 a of the tool holder 42 is provided with a key portion 42 b that positions the hole portion 132 a so that the direction of the movable pin 64 (lower side) is directed when the moving tool 132 is attached to the main shaft 46. That is, when the key portion 42b is engaged with the key groove 46b provided in the main shaft 46, the engaging portion 132b is directed downward.

  When moving the movable pin 64 using the moving tool 132, first, under the control of the control device 23, the moving tool is subjected to the tool change work as described in step S5 in the first embodiment. 132 is attached to the main shaft 46 via the tool holder 42.

  Next, by moving the main shaft 46, the axial direction of the hole 132a of the moving tool 132 and the axial direction of the movable pin 64 are matched (see FIG. 15). Then, after engaging the hole 132a and the movable pin 64, the movable pin 64 is moved by moving the spindle unit 16 in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 15, and the movable pin 64 is moved (positioned). . When the movable pin 64 is moved to a predetermined position, the brake device 130 is driven by the control device 23, and the position of the movable pin 64 is securely fixed.

  As described above, in this embodiment, since the linear sliding means 120 does not have the rotary drive motor 90 and the bearings 86 and 92, the configuration of the linear sliding means 120 can be further simplified. Therefore, compared with the table 10 according to the first embodiment, the table 118 can be further simplified and reduced in weight.

  Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is naturally possible to adopt various configurations without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  For example, the workpiece positioned by the tables 10, 112, and 118 is not limited to the workpiece 22, and positioning and processing of workpieces of various shapes are possible. Further, as described in the above embodiment, the workpiece 22 is positioned in place of providing the workpiece 22 with the reference holes 22a and 22b and engaging the fixed pin 62 and the movable pin 64 with the protrusions on the workpiece 22. Positioning may be performed by providing a (pin) and forming a concave hole in the table 10, 112, 118.

  The rotation tool 116 only needs to be able to rotate the ball screw 78, and similarly, the movement tool 132 only needs to be able to move the movable pin 64.

  Further, the spindle head unit 18 and the tool change unit 20 used for the machine tool 12 in the above embodiment are naturally not limited to these. Further, the movement of the main shaft 46 in the three-dimensional direction of the main shaft unit 16 is not limited to the orthogonal coordinate system mechanism based on the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis systems, but is controlled by a polar coordinate system mechanism including a rotation axis. It may be.

  Furthermore, the drive unit 68 in the tables 10, 112, and 118 only needs to be able to turn the turning unit 66. For example, a configuration in which the turning unit drive motor 69 is arranged directly on the base 14 without providing the base 102. But you can.

1 is a partially cutaway perspective view of a machine tool equipped with a workpiece positioning table according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the machine tool. It is a front view of the machine tool. It is a perspective view of the workpiece | work in the said 1st Embodiment. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the tool change unit with which the said machine tool is equipped. It is a perspective view of the table which concerns on the said 1st Embodiment. It is a top view of the table of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view in line VIII-VIII of FIG. FIG. 9 is a partially omitted vertical sectional view taken along line IX-IX in FIG. 8. It is a flowchart for demonstrating the procedure which processes a workpiece | work with the said machine tool. FIG. 4 is a partially omitted vertical sectional view for explaining a state in which a workpiece is positioned on the table. FIG. 12A is a plan view for explaining a state in which the workpiece is positioned on the table, and FIG. 12B explains a state in which the table surface is turned from the state of FIG. It is a top view for doing. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the workpiece positioning table which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a partially-omission perspective view for demonstrating the rotation tool in the said 2nd Embodiment. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the workpiece positioning table which concerns on the 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a partially-omission perspective view for demonstrating the movement tool in the said 3rd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10, 112, 118 ... Table 10a ... Table surface 12 ... Machine tool 14 ... Base 16 ... Spindle unit 18 ... Spindle head unit 20 ... Tool exchange unit 21 ... Mounting table 22 ... Workpiece 22a, 22b ... Reference hole 23 ... Control device 44a, 44b ... tool 46 ... main shaft 47 ... main shaft drive motor 62 ... fixed pin 64 ... movable pin 66 ... swivel portion 68 ... drive portion 69 ... swivel portion drive motor 69a ... drive shaft 70 ... engagement hole 72, 114 ... linear movement Means 74: movable member 74a, 116a, 132a ... hole 78 ... ball screw 78a ... screw part 80 ... slider 82 ... linear guide 84 ... nut member 85 ... elastic body 86, 92, 104 ... bearing 88, 94, 126, 128 ... Support member 90 ... Rotation drive motor 96 ... Fixing member 98 ... Optical sensor 100, 116b, 132b ... engagement part 10 ... base 106 ... sealing member 108 ... encoder 110 ... the processing surface 116 ... rotary tool 120 ... linear sliding means 122 ... guide bar 124 ... slide member 130 ... brake means 132 ... moving tool

Claims (5)

A workpiece positioning table for positioning a workpiece having a first reference portion and a second reference portion,
A first reference member fixed to the table surface and engaged with the first reference portion;
A second reference member provided movably on the table surface and engaged with the second reference portion;
Linear moving means for linearly moving the second reference member;
A mounting table on which a work piece fixed to the table surface in a detachable manner and positioned by the first reference member and the second reference member is mounted;
Rotating means for turning the table surface;
A workpiece positioning table comprising: In the workpiece positioning table according to claim 1,
The workpiece positioning table, wherein the linear moving means includes an elastic body that elastically supports the second reference member in the moving direction. In the work positioning table according to claim 1 or 2,
The workpiece positioning table includes a driving unit including the rotating unit;
A work positioning table comprising: a turning portion including the table surface and detachably connected to the driving portion. A machine tool comprising the workpiece positioning table according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The linear moving means includes a rotating part and a moving part that linearly moves by receiving a rotational driving force by the rotating part, and the moving part is provided with the second reference member,
First detecting means for detecting a moving amount or a position of the moving unit or the second reference member;
A machining spindle equipped with a rotating tool for rotating the rotating unit;
Second detection means for detecting the phase of the workpiece positioning table;
Control means for controlling the driving of the machining spindle and the rotation means,
The control means matches the moving direction of the moving part and the axial direction of the machining spindle,
After moving the second reference member to a predetermined position by rotationally driving the rotating unit with the rotating tool,
A machine tool, wherein the work positioning table is turned to a predetermined position. A first reference member fixed on the table surface and engaged with the first reference portion for positioning a workpiece having a first reference portion and a second reference portion; And a second reference member that engages with the second reference portion, and is positioned on the table surface by the first reference member and the second reference member. A machine tool including a workpiece positioning table on which an object is placed,
Linear sliding means for supporting the second reference member so as to be linearly slidable;
First detection means for detecting a movement amount or position of the second reference member;
A shaft support means for pivotally supporting the workpiece positioning table;
Brake means for positioning and fixing the workpiece positioning table;
Second detection means for detecting the phase of the workpiece positioning table;
A machining spindle that moves the second reference member by attaching a moving tool; and
Control means for controlling the movement operation of the machining spindle,
A machine tool, wherein the second reference member is moved to a predetermined position by moving the machining spindle on which the moving tool is mounted by the control means.

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