JP2007256900A - Liquid crystal display element - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a liquid crystal display element of VA mode which can reduce striped luminance unevenness caused by that a rubbing cloth rubs an electrode. <P>SOLUTION: A first electrode 6 is formed on a first substrate 1. Further, a second substrate 2 is opposed to the first substrate 1 and has a second electrode formed on a surface opposed to the first substrate 1. Further, a first wiring portion which sends a first driving signal driving a display section A to the first electrode 6 and a second wiring portion 13 sending a second driving signal driving the display section A to the second electrode 8 through conductive particles 11 are formed on the first substrate 1. A first alignment film 7 and a second alignment film 9 for vertical alignment are provided on the first electrode 6 and second electrode 8, and only the second alignment film 9 is rubbed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element, and more particularly to a vertical alignment mode liquid crystal display element suitable for an instrument panel of a vehicle.

  The liquid crystal display element has a relatively simple structure, can be easily reduced in thickness and weight by selecting the constituent members, and can be driven at a low voltage. For this reason, in recent years, it is actively used for computers, televisions, video cameras, vehicle instrument panels, and the like.

  For example, in a transmissive liquid crystal display element, a very thin liquid crystal layer of about several μm oriented in a predetermined direction, a pair of transparent thin substrates that sandwich the liquid crystal layer, and a polarizer that sandwiches the substrate And a pair of polarizing plates constituting the analyzer. An electrode patterned in a predetermined shape is formed on the substrate surface on the side where the liquid crystal layer is provided. When a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer through this electrode, the alignment of the liquid crystal changes, and the amount or wavelength of light transmitted through the liquid crystal display element changes. In the liquid crystal display element, desired display is performed using this.

  Such liquid crystal display elements are classified into several modes according to the initial alignment state of the liquid crystal layer, the operation state and the alignment state when a voltage is applied, and the like. For example, liquid crystal molecules having positive dielectric anisotropy are aligned substantially horizontally with respect to the substrate, and the liquid crystal molecules are in an alignment state in which the liquid crystal molecules are twisted 90 degrees between the upper and lower substrates. There is a mode. This is a mode often used in liquid crystal display elements in the early stages of development. One of the modes developed thereafter is a vertical alignment (hereinafter referred to as VA) mode. This is a mode suitable for a liquid crystal display element used for an instrument panel of a vehicle.

  In the VA mode liquid crystal display element, a liquid crystal layer having a negative dielectric anisotropy (Δε) whose initial alignment state is substantially perpendicular to the substrate (vertical alignment) is sandwiched between a pair of substrates. Usually, it is comprised by pinching with a pair of polarizing plate arrange | positioned so that cross Nicole may be comprised. When a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer through the electrode formed on the substrate surface, the alignment of the liquid crystal changes, and the liquid crystal layer is perpendicular to the electric field, that is, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal is parallel to the substrate. Thereby, the light transmission characteristics determined by the product (Δn · d) of the refractive index anisotropy (Δn) of the liquid crystal and the liquid crystal layer thickness (d) between the portion where the voltage is applied and the portion where the voltage is not applied, Can make a difference in color.

  By the way, in the liquid crystal display element, the alignment treatment is performed on the respective substrates sandwiching the liquid crystal layer so that the operation direction of the liquid crystal when the voltage is applied becomes uniform.

  One of the conventionally known methods for orientation treatment is a rubbing method. In the rubbing method, liquid crystal molecules are aligned in that direction by rubbing the surface of the alignment film in one direction with a rubbing cloth such as nylon or rayon. For example, a rubbing cloth is wound and fixed on the surface of a metal-made cylindrical rubbing roller, and the rubbing roller is rotated at an appropriate speed while moving the rubbing roller on the alignment film, so that the surface of the alignment film is Rub the rubbing cloth. Such rubbing mechanism is considered to be caused by liquid crystal molecules fitting into grooves on the alignment film surface formed by rubbing. In addition, it is considered that an electrostatic force that aligns liquid crystal molecules in one direction is applied to the alignment film by rubbing.

  Besides the rubbing method, a method of aligning liquid crystal molecules using an oblique electric field has been proposed.

  For example, in Patent Document 1, a voltage is applied to a liquid crystal layer by providing a plurality of openings in a pixel electrode in an active matrix substrate in which an insulating film, a pixel electrode, and an alignment film are sequentially formed on a transparent substrate. In this case, a liquid crystal display element is disclosed in which the lines of electric force around the opening are tilted with respect to the substrate, thereby aligning the liquid crystal molecules around the opening so as to fall radially around the opening. According to this liquid crystal display element, the liquid crystal molecules around the opening are aligned in an axially symmetrical manner, so that display characteristics with a wide viewing angle can be realized.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a liquid crystal display element in which slits are provided in each of a pair of transparent substrates that sandwich a liquid crystal layer, and these slits are alternately arranged in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the slits in the display region. Is disclosed. According to this liquid crystal display element, the slant electric field generated near the edge of the slit alternately reverses the direction in which the adjacent liquid crystal molecules fall, and the small region with the best viewing state is the most visible state in any viewing angle direction. It is supposed that the viewing angle dependency of the entire display area can be reduced because the compensation is made by the small area having a poor quality.

  Furthermore, a method of controlling the direction in which liquid crystal molecules fall when a voltage is applied by providing a protrusion on the substrate has been proposed.

  For example, Patent Document 3 discloses a liquid crystal display element in which a slit is provided in an electrode of one substrate and a protrusion is provided in an electrode of the other substrate. In this liquid crystal display element, when a voltage is applied, an oblique electric field is generated in the slit portion with respect to the substrate surface, and liquid crystal molecules are inclined in the protrusion portion. Since the alignment direction of the liquid crystal is divided in the middle of the slit portion and the projection portion, uniform halftone display can be obtained in all directions.

Japanese Patent No. 3367902 JP 2004-252298 A Japanese Patent No. 2947350

  By the way, in the liquid crystal display element, the alignment film is formed on the electrode of the display portion. Therefore, an alignment film is not formed on the electrode provided in a region other than the display portion. For this reason, during rubbing, the rubbing cloth is rubbed by rubbing the exposed electrode, which causes a problem that streaky luminance unevenness occurs in the display portion when a voltage is applied. In particular, in the VA mode, such luminance unevenness is more likely to occur than in the TN mode, which causes a reduction in display quality.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a VA mode liquid crystal display element that can reduce streaky luminance unevenness caused by rubbing cloth rubbing an electrode.

  Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.

The present invention includes a first substrate on which a first electrode is formed,
A second substrate facing the first substrate and having a second electrode formed on a surface facing the first electrode;
A liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate,
In a liquid crystal display element that displays an image on a display unit by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer via the first electrode and the second electrode,
A first wiring part formed on the first substrate and sending a first drive signal for driving the display part to the first electrode;
A second wiring part that is formed on the first substrate and sends a second drive signal for driving the display part through the conduction part to the second electrode;
A vertical alignment film is provided on each of the first electrode and the second electrode, and only the alignment film provided on the second electrode is rubbed. The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display element.

  In the present invention, a pretilt angle between the liquid crystal layer and the normal direction of the second substrate, which is formed by the rubbing treatment, is preferably greater than 0.2 degrees and less than or equal to 5 degrees. More preferably, it is greater than 2 degrees and 3 degrees or less, and more preferably greater than 0.2 degrees and 2 degrees or less.

In the present invention, a third wiring portion that sends the second drive signal to the second electrode is formed on the second substrate.
The first substrate and the second substrate are bonded together by a sealing material containing conductive particles,
The conduction part may be constituted by the third wiring part and the conductive particles.

  In the present invention, the liquid crystal display element may be a passive matrix liquid crystal display element.

  According to the present invention, since the rubbing process is performed only on the alignment film provided on the second electrode, the area of the portion where the rubbing cloth is in contact with the material constituting the electrode or the wiring is minimized. be able to. As a result, damage to the rubbing cloth can be suppressed to a minimum, so that occurrence of streaky luminance unevenness in the display portion when voltage is applied can be reduced.

  In addition, according to one aspect of the present invention, by controlling the alignment angle of the liquid crystal layer formed by the rubbing treatment to the substrate surface within the optimum range, both excellent optical characteristics and reduction in unevenness of the display unit can be achieved. It becomes possible to plan.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal display element in the present embodiment. Note that portions other than the peripheral portion (the majority of the display portion A) are omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the liquid crystal display element is sandwiched between a first substrate 1, a second substrate 2 facing the first substrate 1, and the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2. And a liquid crystal layer 3 made of liquid crystal molecules having a dielectric anisotropy. A glass substrate can be used for each of the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2.

  In addition, the liquid crystal display element includes a polarizing plate 4 on the viewer side and a polarizing plate 5 on the anti-viewer side. These are provided on the surface opposite to the surface facing the liquid crystal layer 3 in the second substrate 2 and the first substrate 1, respectively, and are arranged in a crossed Nicols manner. Incidentally, the crossed Nicol arrangement means an arrangement in which the crossing angle between the absorption axis of one polarizing plate and the absorption axis of the other polarizing plate is 90 ° ± 5 °.

  The liquid crystal display element of this embodiment mode is based on passive matrix driving. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be based on active matrix driving. In the case of active matrix driving, for example, the first substrate 1 can be a TFT substrate and the second substrate 2 can be a color filter substrate.

  On the surface of the first substrate 1 on the side where the liquid crystal layer 3 is provided, a first electrode 6 for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 3 and a first alignment film 7 having a vertical alignment are formed in this order. Has been. Further, a second electrode 8 for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 3 and a second alignment film 9 having a vertical alignment are also provided on the surface of the second substrate 2 on the side where the liquid crystal layer 3 is provided. It is formed in order. As the first electrode 6 and the second electrode 8, for example, ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) can be used. These are patterned in a predetermined shape on the display unit A so that desired image display such as character display can be performed.

  The first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 are bonded together with a sealing material 10 interposed therebetween. The sealing material 10 has a portion in which the conductive particles 11 are mixed (hereinafter referred to as a transfer portion). As will be described later, the wiring formed on the first substrate 1 through the transfer portion, and the second portion The electrode formed on the substrate 2 is electrically connected. As the conductive particles 11, for example, particles obtained by performing gold (Au) plating on the surface of plastic can be used.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the first substrate 1. On the first substrate 1, a first electrode 6, a first alignment film 7, a first wiring part 12 for sending a first drive signal to the first electrode 6, and the first electrode shown in FIG. A second wiring portion 13 for sending a second drive signal to the two electrodes 8 is provided. Further, the first substrate 1 has a portion (an overhang portion 16) that protrudes outward from the outer edge of the second substrate 2. And the 1st wiring part 12 and the 2nd wiring part 13 are pulled out by the overhang | projection part 16, These wiring parts generate | occur | produce the drive circuit (1st drive signal and 2nd drive signal ( (Not shown). In addition, the 1st wiring part 12 and the 2nd wiring part 13 can also consist of ITO.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of the second substrate 2. As shown in the figure, on the second substrate 2, the second electrode 8, the second alignment film 9, and the second wiring portion 13 provided on the first substrate 1 through the transfer portion. And a third wiring portion 14 electrically connected to the first wiring portion 14. In the present embodiment, the conductive particles 11 and the third wiring part 14 constitute a conduction part that sends a second drive signal for driving the display part A from the second wiring part 13 to the second electrode 8. Is done.

  FIG. 4 shows a state in which the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 of FIG. A dotted line portion indicates an electrode, an alignment film, and a wiring portion provided on the second substrate 2. FIG. 1 corresponds to a cross-sectional view taken along line x-x ′ of FIG. 4. As shown in FIG. 4, the second electrode 8 is connected to the second wiring part 13 from the third wiring part 14 through the transfer part 15. As a result, a second drive signal is sent from the second wiring portion 13 to the second electrode 8.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the first alignment film 7 is not provided on part of the first electrode 6, the first wiring portion 12, and the second wiring portion 13. Here, the first alignment film 7 is formed after the first electrode 6, the first wiring part 12 and the second wiring part 13 are formed, and then a rubbing process is performed. Therefore, when the rubbing process is performed on the first alignment film 7, the first electrode 6, the first wiring portion 12, and the second wiring portion 13 that are not covered with the first alignment film 7 are rubbed. The cloth will rub. As a result, when the rubbing cloth is damaged, it is difficult to perform a uniform alignment process on the first alignment film 7, resulting in occurrence of streaky luminance unevenness in the display portion A when a voltage is applied.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the second alignment film 9 is not provided on part of the second electrode 8 and the third wiring part 14. However, the area of the portion where the second alignment film 9 is not provided is clearly smaller than the area of the first substrate 1 where the first alignment film 7 is not provided. This is because the first substrate 1 is provided with wiring portions (first wiring portion 12 and second wiring portion 13) connected to the driving circuit, whereas the second substrate 2 is provided with This is because these wiring portions are not provided.

  Therefore, the present inventor decided not to perform the rubbing process on the first alignment film 7 but to perform the rubbing process only on the second alignment film 9. According to this, since the area of the portion where the rubbing cloth comes into contact with the material constituting the electrode and the wiring can be minimized, it is possible to minimize damage to the rubbing cloth. Accordingly, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of streaky luminance unevenness in the display portion A shown in FIG. 1 when a voltage is applied.

  The rubbing treatment for the second alignment film 9 is preferably performed in the direction of the arrow in FIG. 3 so that the rubbing roller does not move on the third wiring portion 14. Thereby, it can further suppress that a rubbing cloth is damaged by contact with wiring material. However, the rubbing direction can be appropriately selected depending on the structure of the electrode provided in the display portion, the structure and position of the wiring that sends a drive signal to the electrode, and the like, without being limited to the example of FIG.

  Next, the operation of liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal display element of this embodiment will be described.

  As described above, the second alignment film 9 is rubbed, but the first alignment film 7 is not rubbed. Therefore, when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 3, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned perpendicular to the surface of the first alignment film 7 that has not been rubbed. On the other hand, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned with a pretilt angle from the normal direction with respect to the surface of the second alignment film 9 subjected to the rubbing treatment.

  In this case, the pretilt angle is preferably larger than 0.2 degrees and smaller than 5 degrees from the viewpoint of achieving both reduction in lighting display unevenness and good image display characteristics based on the results described in detail later. In consideration of good image display characteristics of the liquid crystal display element, in particular, achieving high contrast ratio, the pretilt angle is more preferably greater than 0.2 degrees and less than 3 degrees. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of achieving display performance with a very excellent contrast ratio, the pretilt angle is most preferably greater than 0.2 degrees and less than 2 degrees.

  Next, when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 3, the liquid crystal molecules are tilted in the direction in which the pretilt angle is increased. Accordingly, the light transmission characteristics determined by the product (Δn · d) of the refractive index anisotropy (Δn) of the liquid crystal and the thickness (d) of the liquid crystal in the portion where the voltage is applied and the portion where the voltage is not applied, Can make a difference in color. Therefore, desired display can be performed by using this.

  1 to 4 has a structure in which a wiring portion provided on one substrate and an electrode provided on the other substrate are connected through a transfer portion provided on a part of the sealing material. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The present invention can be applied to any structure that has a difference in the area of the electrode material or the wiring material that directly contacts the rubbing cloth between the pair of opposing substrates. That is, the rubbing process is performed only on the substrate having the smaller area such as the electrode material not covered with the alignment film, and the rubbing process is not performed on the other substrate. Usually, the substrate from which the wiring portion connected to the drive circuit is drawn is the other substrate.

  Moreover, in the example of FIGS. 1-4, the structure in which the transfer part is provided along one side of the display part was described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be provided near the corner of the display unit. As described above, when provided along one side of the display unit, the rubbing cloth is in contact with the wiring of the transfer unit by preventing the moving direction of the rubbing roller from intersecting the side adjacent to the transfer unit. Can be prevented. On the other hand, when it is provided near the corner of the display unit, it is possible to reduce restrictions on the moving direction of the rubbing roller.

  Below, an example of the optical characteristic of the liquid crystal display element by this Embodiment is described.

  A pair of glass substrates was used as the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2. Next, the 1st electrode 6 and the 2nd electrode 8 which were patterned so that character display might be performed on one side of these substrates, respectively were provided. ITO was used for the first electrode 6 and the second electrode 8.

  Next, an alignment film material (trade name: JALS-2021) manufactured by JSR Corporation is formed on the first substrate 1 by a flexographic printing method, and the substrate is baked at 180 ° C. to obtain a thickness of 600 mm. A first alignment film 7 of the same degree was formed. Similarly, the second alignment film 9 was provided on the second substrate 2.

  Next, a rubbing process was performed only on the second alignment film 9. Thereafter, the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 were bonded together to assemble a liquid crystal cell. At this time, the side on which the first alignment film 7 was formed and the side on which the second alignment film 9 was formed were overlapped so as to face inward. A resin spacer (not shown) is interposed between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 so that the distance between the substrates is 4.0 μm.

  Next, liquid crystal molecules having negative dielectric anisotropy were injected between the first substrate 1 and the second substrate 2 and sealed. As the liquid crystal molecules, those having a retardation of the liquid crystal display element of 360 nm were used.

  When the display characteristics of the obtained liquid crystal display element were evaluated, no luminance unevenness was found in the display portion. For comparison, when the display characteristics of the liquid crystal display element of the comparative example manufactured in the same manner as described above were evaluated except that the first alignment film was also rubbed, the occurrence rate of luminance unevenness was 65%.

  Next, in order to investigate in more detail the display uniformity of the liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment, in particular, the normal direction of the liquid crystal molecules constituting the liquid crystal layer 3 and the alignment film 9 on the second substrate 2. In order to investigate the relationship between the pretilt angle that is formed by and the display uniformity of the liquid crystal display element, the pretilt angles are 0.2 degrees, 0.5 degrees, 1 degree, and 5 degrees, respectively. The display uniformity of four types of liquid crystal display devices manufactured in the same manner as described above was examined.

  Specifically, the presence or absence of display unevenness and the intensity of the following four modes are as described above, except that the pretilt angles are 0.2 degrees, 0.5 degrees, 1 degree, and 5 degrees, respectively. Four types of liquid crystal display devices manufactured in the same manner were examined.

  One of the four modes of display unevenness is referred to as frame unevenness, and is display unevenness that may appear at the edge portion of the electrode pattern when the liquid crystal display element is turned on. This frame unevenness is caused by an abnormal orientation azimuth angle of liquid crystal molecules due to an oblique electric field generated at the electrode edge portion.

  The second is unevenness around the spacer that may appear around the spacer in the display unit surface. This unevenness occurs due to abnormal alignment of the liquid crystal. In addition, there may be overlapping of movement traces formed by the movement of the spacers in the plane and orientation abnormalities due to other foreign matters.

  The third is a display unevenness caused by an abnormal orientation azimuth angle of liquid crystal molecules, which is called transient alignment unevenness and may appear in the entire display portion immediately after voltage application to the liquid crystal display element. This display unevenness has a feature that it disappears naturally after an appropriate period of time.

  The fourth is called Moyamoyamura. This is a display unevenness that may appear as shading on the entire display portion when the liquid crystal display element is turned on. Unlike the above-described transient alignment unevenness, the moyamoya unevenness does not disappear no matter how much time passes. Moreover, it occurs due to an abnormal orientation azimuth angle of liquid crystal molecules when a voltage is applied.

  When the above four types of liquid crystal display elements were examined for the above four modes of display unevenness, the frame unevenness and the unevenness around the spacer are likely to occur when the pretilt angle is small. It was found that it occurred in a liquid crystal display element of 0.1 degree. Then, it was found that such unevenness was suppressed in other liquid crystal display element cells having a larger pretilt angle, such as a liquid crystal display element having a pretilt angle of 0.2 degrees.

  Of the above four modes of display unevenness, transient alignment unevenness and mottled unevenness are likely to occur as the pretilt angle increases, and in the setting range where the pretilt angle is 5 degrees or less, display is not possible. It was found that the level was acceptable from the viewpoint of the uniformity of.

  Next, the optical characteristics of the liquid crystal display element were examined. In this case, the liquid crystal display element is driven under the conditions of 1/4 duty (Duty) and 1/3 bias (Bias).

  Table 1 shows a liquid crystal display element in which luminance unevenness is not seen in the display unit according to the present embodiment, and a liquid crystal display element of a comparative example in which the incidence rate of the luminance unevenness produced for comparison was 65%. Is a comparison of the maximum contrast, the transmittance when a voltage is applied (ON transmittance), and the transmittance when no voltage is applied (OFF transmittance). The maximum contrast is a calculation result obtained using EZContrast (trade name) manufactured by ELDIM. Moreover, each transmittance | permeability is a calculation result obtained using the simulation software (LCD MASTER Ver.6.14) by Shintec Corporation.

Table 1.

  From Table 1, it was found that the liquid crystal display element of the present embodiment can obtain good optical characteristics with respect to the comparative example.

  Next, in order to examine in more detail the display characteristics of the liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment, the angle formed between the liquid crystal molecules constituting the liquid crystal layer 3 and the normal direction of the alignment film 9 on the second substrate 2. The relationship between the pretilt angle and the maximum contrast of the liquid crystal display device was investigated.

  Specifically, in order to eliminate as much as possible the influence of errors taken in by actual device manufacture and measurement, and to perform evaluation as accurately as possible, the same method as described above was used. That is, for the seven types of liquid crystal display elements having the same specifications as above except that the pretilt angles are 0.2 degree, 0.5 degree, 1 degree, 2 degrees, 3 degrees, 5 degrees and 10 degrees, respectively. The liquid crystal display element is driven under the conditions of 1/4 duty (Duty) and 1/3 bias (Bias), and the ON and OFF transmittances are simulation software (LCD MASTER Ver. 6.14) manufactured by Shintech Co., Ltd. The maximum contrast was calculated using EZContrast (trade name) manufactured by ELDIM. The results are shown in Table 2.

Table 2.

  From the results shown in Table 2, considering the display characteristics of the liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment from the relationship with the pretilt angle, a good contrast with a contrast ratio exceeding 500 is obtained, so that the pretilt angle is 5 degrees or less. It turned out to be preferable.

  Further, since a high contrast exceeding a contrast ratio of 1000 is obtained, it has been found that the pretilt angle is preferably 3 degrees or less in consideration of realizing excellent image display characteristics of the liquid crystal display element.

  Furthermore, it was found that the pretilt angle is particularly preferably 2 degrees or less from the viewpoint of achieving a very good contrast ratio exceeding 2000 and realizing a very good display performance.

  In this case, it is preferable that the pretilt angle of the liquid crystal display element according to the present embodiment is larger than 0.2 degrees in view of achieving both reduction in lighting display unevenness and good image display characteristics. It is.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

It is sectional drawing of the liquid crystal display element in this Embodiment. It is a top view of 1 board | substrate which comprises the liquid crystal display element in this Embodiment. It is a top view of the other board | substrate which comprises the liquid crystal display element in this Embodiment. It is the top view which bonded together the board | substrate of FIG. 2 and FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st board | substrate 2 2nd board | substrate 3 Liquid crystal layer 4,5 Polarizing plate 6 1st electrode 7 1st alignment film 8 2nd electrode 9 2nd alignment film 10 Seal material 11 Conductive particle 12 1st Wiring portion 13 Second wiring portion 14 Third wiring portion 15 Transfer portion 16 Overhang portion

Claims (5)

A first substrate on which a first electrode is formed;
A second substrate facing the first substrate and having a second electrode formed on a surface facing the first electrode;
A liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate,
In a liquid crystal display element that displays an image on a display unit by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer via the first electrode and the second electrode,
A first wiring part formed on the first substrate and sending a first drive signal for driving the display part to the first electrode;
A second wiring part that is formed on the first substrate and sends a second drive signal for driving the display part through the conduction part to the second electrode;
A vertical alignment film is provided on each of the first electrode and the second electrode, and only the alignment film provided on the second electrode is rubbed. A liquid crystal display element characterized by comprising:   2. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein a pretilt angle between the liquid crystal layer and the normal direction of the second substrate formed by the rubbing process is greater than 0.2 degrees and less than or equal to 5 degrees. .   3. The liquid crystal display element according to claim 2, wherein a pretilt angle between the liquid crystal layer and the normal direction of the second substrate formed by the rubbing process is greater than 0.2 degrees and less than or equal to 2 degrees. . A third wiring portion that sends the second drive signal to the second electrode is formed on the second substrate,
The first substrate and the second substrate are bonded together by a sealing material containing conductive particles,
The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the conductive portion is configured by the third wiring portion and the conductive particles.   The liquid crystal display element according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal display element is a passive matrix type liquid crystal display element.

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