JP2007255877A - Method and device for detecting tilt of electrode for electric resistance furnace and external force applied to electrode - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for detecting the tilt of an electrode for an electric resistance furnace which can eliminate trouble generated by tilting of the electrode such as water leakage due to breakage of a suspension rod or spark due to cut of a bus tube by quantitatively detecting the tilt of the electrode. <P>SOLUTION: This method comprises: two displacement sensors arranged by shifting positions thereof in the lateral direction on the upper side opposite to the inside of the electric resistance furnace relative to a support point supporting the electrode tiltably in the vertical, forward/backward and rightward/leftward directions in an intermediate part with respect to the electrode suspended from the electric resistance furnace through a plurality of wires, and used for measuring displacement to the electrode; a calculation part for calculating the tilt of the electrode and the direction of the tilt from the displacement measured by the sensors and the distance from the support point to the measurement point by the displacement sensors; and a display means showing the tilt and direction of the electrode calculated by the calculation part. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for detecting an inclination of an electrode used in an electric resistance furnace and an external force when an external force is applied to the electrode from a lateral direction.

  When using three-phase AC power, three electrodes are arranged in the electric resistance furnace. FIG. 1 shows a support device for an electrode 1 used in an electric resistance furnace, and an electrode holder 4 that clamps the electrode 1 in a relaxed manner on a holding device 3 suspended by two wires 2 has three suspension rods. The holding device 3 and the electrode holder device 4 are moved up and down together with the electrode 1 by winding or unwinding the wire 2 with a winch.

  A cooling pipe is passed through the suspension rod 5, and the electrode holder 4 is cooled by cooling water circulating through the electrode holder 4. Bus tube through the wiring is connected.

  The electrode 1 is composed of a cylindrical electrode case 1a and a carbonaceous paste electrode material filled in the electrode case 1a. This electrode material is generated by Joule heat of current supplied to the electrode holder 4 and heat from the furnace. Fired, hardened and strengthened. In the figure, 1b indicates a cured portion.

  The electrode 1 is also inserted into the through holes 7 and 8 of the floor 6 made of a heat resistant material together with the suspension rod 5 with play. And it is supported at three points by three guide rollers 9 provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction on the floor 6 so that it can be moved up and down, and can be tilted back and forth and right and left with the guide roller 9 as a fulcrum within the range of play. Yes. In the figure, 11 is a guide roller which is applied to the electrode 1 from the side above the holding device 3 and supports the electrode 1, and the guide roller is arranged for each of the three electrodes 1 as shown in FIG. Yes.

  The electrode 1 shown in FIG. 1 is inclined with the guide roller 9 as a fulcrum when one of the two wires 2 that suspend the holding device 3 is loosened or pulled with respect to the other. It is likely to occur when raising and lowering the electrode for prevention and electrode length measurement.

  If the inclination of the electrode is large, it can be visually judged, but if the inclination is small, the inclination cannot be recognized. Even if the inclination is small, the suspension rod 5 that inclines with this hits the edge of the through hole 7 of the floor 6 and sparks. This may cause an accident such as water leakage or breakage due to contact with a place where the bus tube should not come into contact, resulting in electrical wiring sparking.

  When the electrode is lowered into the electric resistance furnace or fed out, the tip of the electrode hits the hard unmelted raw material 14 remaining in the electric resistance furnace 13 as shown in FIG. May tilt under external force. In addition to the above-mentioned problems caused by the inclination of the electrode 1, when an external force is applied from the lateral direction to the lower end of the electrode 1, the electrode breaks at the boundary with the weakened portion where firing is not progressing, and the portion below the electrode breaks. If it falls off, the unfired electrode may flow out of the electrode case 1a in the worst case, and may cause an accident that is proved as so-called hollowing out. As shown in FIG. 4, in the open-type electric resistance furnace 13, as shown in FIG. 4, when the raw material 16 introduced into the furnace from the raw material charging chute 15 is piled up, the raw material leveling unit 17 is provided with a rake-like leveler 17. This also occurs in the same way. That is, when the raw material 16 is pushed by the leveler 17 and leveled, a lateral force tends to be applied to the electrode 1.

  The first object of the present invention is to quantitatively detect the tilt of the electrode and eliminate problems caused by tilting of the electrode, such as water leakage due to breakage of the suspension rod and spark due to breakage of the bus tube, It is a second object of the present invention to detect the external force when an external force is applied from the lateral direction to the tip portion of the electrode and eliminate the trouble caused by electrode breakage.

  The invention according to claim 1 relates to a method for achieving the first object, wherein the electrode is lifted at an intermediate portion and tilted back and forth and left and right with respect to an electrode suspended through a plurality of wires in an electric resistance furnace. A plurality of (preferably two) displacement sensors are disposed laterally above the opposite side of the furnace from the supporting fulcrum, preferably two, and the displacement from each displacement sensor to the electrode is measured to determine the inclination of the electrode. The direction is obtained and displayed on the display means.

  The display means used in the present invention is the same in the following inventions, but comprises a display such as a CRT or a liquid crystal.

  The displacement sensor used in the present invention is a sensor that measures the distance to the electrode, and is preferably a non-contact type sensor such as an ultrasonic sensor or a laser sensor. This sensor is the same as the load sensor or pressure sensor described later, but preferably measures against dust and insulation such as air purge are taken, and as an insulation measure, for example, an insulating rubber sheet is used for fixing to a floor, a base, etc. It is fixed and the signal cable is covered for insulation.

Although a plurality of displacement sensors are arranged as described above, when two displacement sensors are arranged, each sensor is arranged, for example, in parallel or orthogonally. The inclination and direction of the electrode when arranged in parallel can be obtained as follows. In FIG. 5, in the state of the solid line where the electrode 1 is not tilted, the displacement sensors A and B obtain the displacement to the electrode 1, respectively, and the coordinates (x ₁ , y ₁ ) (x ₂ , seek y _2). Here, y ₁ -y ₂ is the distance between both displacement sensors A and B. When the coordinates at the points a and b are obtained, the coordinates (x, y) of the electrode center O that is the intersection of the radius R of the electrode 1 are obtained from the points a and b. It is assumed that the electrode 1 is inclined and is in the position of the one-dot chain line. The coordinates of the measurement points c and d at this time are similarly obtained as (x ₃ , y ₁ ) (x ₄ , y ₂ ) by measurement by the displacement sensors A and B, and the coordinates (x ′, y ′) is determined. Then, the inclination of the electrode 1 and the direction of the inclination are obtained from the coordinates (x ₀ , y ₀ ) of the electrode center O _{0 and} the coordinates (x ′, y ′) of the O ′ at the fulcrum obtained in advance. That is, since the length between O ₀ O is x = x _0, it is y−y ₀ , the length δ between OO ′ is obtained from the following equation 1, and the inclination θ of the electrode is obtained from the following equation 2. Desired.

  Further, the angle γ shown in FIG.

請求項２に係わる発明は、第１の目的を達成する装置に関するもので、電気抵抗炉に複数のワイヤを介して吊持される電極に対し、該電極を中間部において昇降かつ前後左右に傾動可能に支持する支点よりも炉内と反対側の上方で横方向に位置をずらして配置され、電極までの変位を計測する複数、好ましくは２個の変位センサーと、該センサーによって計測された変位と、上記支点から変位センサーによる計測点までの距離とから電極の傾きと、傾きの方向を算出する演算部と、該演算部によって算出された電極の傾きと方向を示す表示手段とからなることを特徴とする。

The invention according to claim 2 relates to an apparatus that achieves the first object, and with respect to an electrode suspended in a resistance furnace via a plurality of wires, the electrode is moved up and down in the middle and tilted back and forth and right and left. A plurality of (preferably two) displacement sensors for measuring the displacement up to the electrode, and a displacement measured by the lateral direction above the inside of the furnace opposite to the supporting fulcrum, and the displacement measured by the sensors And a calculation unit for calculating the inclination of the electrode from the distance from the fulcrum to the measurement point by the displacement sensor, the direction of the inclination, and a display means for indicating the inclination and direction of the electrode calculated by the calculation unit. It is characterized by.

  The calculation unit of the present invention is configured by a personal computer, and calculates the coordinates of the electrode center O ′, the inclination of the electrode 1, and the direction thereof in the case of the method illustrated in FIG.

  The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the image processing means is provided in the invention according to claim 2, and the data calculated by the calculation unit is subjected to image processing to display a three-dimensional image of the electrode on the display.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to claim 2, wherein the storage unit for storing the threshold value, the inclination of the electrode calculated by the calculation unit, and the threshold value stored in the storage means are compared. Comprising a comparison unit and alarm means such as an alarm lamp and a buzzer, and when the electrode inclination calculated by the calculation unit exceeds a threshold stored in the storage unit, the alarm unit is based on the output from the comparison unit. It is characterized by displaying an alarm.

  The invention according to claim 5 relates to a method for achieving the second object. In the invention according to claim 1, the load cell is applied to the guide roller that hits the electrode from at least one of the directions intersecting at an appropriate angle. A load sensor or pressure sensor is provided, and the pressing force or pressure pressed from the electrode by the load sensor or pressure sensor is measured to determine the pressing force or pressure in the direction in which the electrode tilts.

  The invention according to claim 6 relates to an apparatus for achieving the second object. In the invention according to claim 2 or 3, the guide applied to the electrode from at least one of the directions intersecting at an appropriate angle. A load sensor such as a load cell that measures the pressing force or pressure of the electrode pressed against the roller and the guide roller or a pressure sensor is provided, and the pressing force or pressure is displayed on the display means based on the output from the load sensor or pressure sensor. It is characterized by being.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the invention according to claim 6, wherein the storage unit stores the threshold value, and the comparison unit compares the load or pressure detected by the load sensor with the threshold value stored in the storage unit. It consists of warning means such as warning lamps and buzzers, and when the load or pressure detected by the load sensor or pressure sensor exceeds the threshold value stored in the memory part, the warning means displays an alarm based on the output from the comparison part It is characterized by doing.

  According to the inventions according to claims 1 and 2, the inclination and direction of the electrode can be quantitatively grasped from the display means, and, for example, the wire operation is performed according to the degree of the inclination, or the inside of the furnace as shown in FIG. Changing the position and orientation of the raw material charging chute 15 for charging the raw material and the amount of the charged raw material, or adjusting the inclination by adjusting the horizontal position of the guide roller that guides the raising and lowering of the electrode, thereby breaking the suspension rod It is possible to prevent troubles such as water leaks and sparks due to heat-resistant tube cutting.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, since the electrodes are three-dimensionally displayed on the display means, it is possible to more easily check the inclination and the direction of the electrodes and to adjust the inclination more easily.

  According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the electrode is tilted by a certain amount or more, the above-mentioned trouble caused by tilting of the electrode can be prevented more reliably by an alarm from the alarm means.

  According to the inventions according to claims 5 and 6, it is possible to grasp the external force applied from the lateral direction to the tip of the electrode by the load or pressure received from the electrode as well as the inclination and the direction of the electrode, and observe the degree of the external force. By operating the electrode up and down or tilting, changing the direction and amount of raw material input, or adjusting the horizontal position of the guide roller that raises and lowers the electrode, the external force applied to the electrode is reduced, thereby breaking the electrode Can prevent troubles.

  According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, when an external force of a certain amount or more is applied to the electrode, it is possible to more reliably prevent a trouble due to electrode breakage by alarming from the alarm means.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The electrode support device to which the present invention is applied is the electrode 1 support device shown in FIG. 1, and a load cell as a load sensor is provided on the guide roller 11 to measure the pressing force when the electrode 1 is pressed against the guide roller 11. In addition, two laser sensors, which are displacement sensors, are arranged on the same horizontal plane as the load cell, such as displacement sensors A and B shown in FIG. 5, and the distance to the electrode 1 is measured.

FIG. 7 shows an apparatus for detecting the inclination of the electrode 1 and the external force applied to the electrode 1. The storage unit 21 stores the coordinates (x ₀ , y ₀ ) of the electrode center O ₀ at the fulcrum by the guide roller 9. The coordinates (x, y) of the electrode center O at the same level as the laser sensor in a state where the electrode 1 is not tilted are stored in advance, and the above-described equations 1 to 3 are stored. The threshold value regarding the inclination of the electrode 1 and the pressing force when the electrode 1 presses the guide roll 11 is stored.

The calculation unit 22 calculates the coordinates (x ′, y ′) of the electrode center O ′ from the distance to the electrode 1 measured by the laser sensor 23, and then the coordinates x of the electrode center O stored in the storage unit 21. , Y are read out and δ is calculated according to equation (1). Then the electrode center _{O 0} read from the storage unit 21 coordinates _(x 0, _{y 0)} and the electrode center O of the coordinates (x, y) determined the _{y-y 0} from the from the equation (2) the slope of the electrode 1 theta Calculate. Then, the direction γ of the inclination of the electrode 1 is calculated from Equation 3.

The image processing unit 24 obtains a three-dimensional image from the coordinates (x ₀ , y ₀ ) of the electrode center O ₀ , the electrode inclination θ and the inclination direction γ, and outputs the three-dimensional image to the control unit 25.

  The comparison unit 26 reads from the storage unit 21 and the inclination θ of the electrode 1 calculated by the calculation unit 22 and the threshold value read from the storage unit 21 and the pressing force of the electrode 1 against the guide roller 11 measured by the load cell 27. The threshold values are compared, and when the respective threshold values are exceeded, they are output to the control unit 25.

  The control unit 25 controls the storage unit 21, the calculation unit 22, the image processing unit 24, and the comparison unit 26, and displays the electrode inclination θ and the inclination direction γ calculated by the calculation unit 22 on a monitor 28 including a liquid crystal display. In addition, the electrode 1 is three-dimensionally displayed by the data output from the image processing unit 24, and is output to the buzzer 29 as an alarm means by the output from the comparison unit 26 to generate an alarm sound. It has become. The control unit 25, the storage unit 21, the calculation unit 22, the image processing unit 24, and the comparison unit 26 constitute a personal computer.

  According to the present embodiment, the electrode breakage accident that occurred several times a year could be suppressed to less than once a year.

The schematic front view of the electrode suspended. FIG. 3 is a layout diagram of electrodes and guide rollers. The figure which shows the state which the electrode melt | dissolved and contacted the raw material. The figure which shows the state when equalizing the raw material in an electrical resistance furnace. The diagram which calculates | requires the displacement of an electrode. The figure which shows the aspect of raw material injection | throwing-in. The block diagram concerning this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 .. Electrode 2 .. Wire 3 .. Holding device 4 .. Electrode holder device 5 .. Suspension rod 6.. Floor 7, 8 .. Through hole 9, 11 .. Guide roller 13. -Unmelted raw material 15-Raw material charging chute 16-Raw material 17-Leveling device 21-Storage unit 22-Calculation unit 23-Laser sensor 24-Image processing unit 25-Control unit 26-Comparison Part 27 ・ ・ Load cell 28 ・ ・ Monitor 29 ・ ・ Buzzer

Claims (7)

  With respect to the electrode suspended in the electric resistance furnace via a plurality of wires, the displacement sensor is laterally positioned above the opposite side of the furnace from the fulcrum that supports the electrode to be lifted and tilted back and forth and right and left in the middle part. A method of detecting the tilt of an electrode, wherein a plurality of positions are displaced from each other, the displacement from each displacement sensor to the electrode is measured, the tilt of the electrode and its direction are obtained and displayed on the display means.   With respect to the electrode suspended in the electric resistance furnace via a plurality of wires, the electrode is positioned laterally above the opposite side of the furnace from the fulcrum that supports the electrode so that it can be raised and lowered and tilted back and forth and right and left in the middle part. The displacement of the electrodes and the displacement measured to measure the displacement to the electrode, the displacement measured by the sensor, and the distance from the fulcrum to the measurement point by the displacement sensor, the inclination of the electrode and the direction of the inclination are calculated. An apparatus for detecting the inclination of an electrode, comprising: an arithmetic unit that performs the calculation, and a display unit that indicates the inclination and direction of the electrode calculated by the arithmetic unit.   3. An apparatus for detecting the inclination of an electrode according to claim 2, further comprising an image processing means, wherein the data calculated by the calculation unit is subjected to image processing and a three-dimensional image of the electrode is displayed on the display means.   Comprising a storage unit for storing a threshold value, an electrode inclination calculated by the calculation unit, a comparison unit for comparing the threshold value stored in the storage unit, and an alarm unit such as an alarm lamp and a buzzer. 3. The electrode inclination according to claim 2, wherein the alarm means displays an alarm based on the output from the comparison unit when the electrode inclination calculated by the unit exceeds a threshold value stored in the storage unit. Detecting device.   A load sensor or pressure sensor such as a load cell is provided on the guide roller that hits the electrode from at least one of the directions intersecting at an appropriate angle, and the pressing force or pressure pressed from the electrode by the load sensor or pressure sensor is measured. 2. A method for detecting an inclination of an electrode according to claim 1, wherein a pressing force or pressure in a direction in which the electrode is inclined is obtained.   A guide roller applied to the electrode from at least one of the directions intersecting at an appropriate angle, and a load sensor or pressure sensor such as a load cell for measuring the pressing force or pressure of the electrode pressed against the guide roller, 4. A device for detecting the inclination of an electrode according to claim 2, wherein the pressing force or pressure is displayed on the display means based on an output from the load sensor or the pressure sensor.   It consists of a storage unit that stores the threshold value, a comparison unit that compares the load or pressure detected by the load sensor with the threshold value stored in the storage unit, and alarm means such as an alarm lamp and buzzer. 7. The electrode inclination detection according to claim 6, wherein when the load or pressure detected by the sensor exceeds a threshold value stored in the storage unit, the alarm means displays an alarm based on the output from the comparison unit. Device to do.

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