JP2007252898A - Image display and x-ray ct scanner - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To produce an image that a display form of an area of non-deteriorated image quality, where projection data are relatively sufficient, is appropriately modified, and to provide the image which facilitates test and interpretation of radiogram, in an X-ray CT scanner having multiseriate X-ray detectors in a direction of body axis. <P>SOLUTION: In the X-ray CT scanner 10, the projection data are collected while an X-ray source emitting an X-ray beam and the X-ray detectors having multiseriate detecting elements along the slicing direction are rotated around a rotational axis, and the CT image is reconstructed by back projection for cone angle of the X-ray beam. The X-ray CT scanner 10 has: an area-calculating part 55 which calculates information related to a position of an area of deteriorated image quality generated near the end of a collection range of the projection data by effects of cone angle, on the basis of a slicing position; an image processor 67 which processes the CT image so as to differentiate the area of deteriorated image quality from the area of non-deteriorated image quality. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an X-ray CT apparatus having multiple rows of X-ray detectors in the body axis direction, and in particular, reconstructs or reconstructs an image using an algorithm that can faithfully reproduce the cone angle in the body axis direction. The present invention relates to an image display apparatus and an X-ray CT apparatus that clearly indicate a possible range.

  A known X-ray CT (Computerized Tomography) apparatus has an X-ray tube and a multi-channel X-ray detection element arranged in a plurality of rows facing each other with a subject such as a patient in between, An X-ray beam is irradiated to a predetermined part of a patient from an X-ray tube while rotating these around the subject through 360 °. Then, the X-ray dose transmitted through the predetermined part is measured as projection data by an X-ray detector, and a CT image of the predetermined part is obtained by performing image reconstruction processing using a computer based on this data.

In a known multi-row X-ray CT apparatus, which is commonly called “multi”, there are currently 2 to 64 rows in the world. The following is a conventional technique of the multi-row X-ray CT apparatus.
JP 2004-305527 A

  An X-ray detector having 64 or more columns was used, depending on the length of the X-ray detection element in the body axis direction, the distance between the X-ray tube and the subject, FOV (field of view) and cone angle. In this case, it is assumed that an image quality degradation region caused by a relative shortage of projection data due to the cone angle of X-rays and an image quality non-degradation region where projection data is relatively sufficient are generated on the CT image. However, in the conventional X-ray detectors having 2 to 64 rows, there is almost no need to distinguish the display of the image quality non-degraded region and the image quality non-degraded region on the CT image.

  In addition, when attempting to mask an image quality degradation region on a CT image acquired using an X-ray detector having a length in the slice direction larger than that of the current 64-row X-ray detector, the operator masks at the time of CT examination. This range cannot be determined, and it cannot be determined before scanning whether the required scan range captures the target object.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described circumstances. By generating a display image in which the display format of an image quality non-degraded region in which projection data is relatively sufficient is appropriately generated, inspection and interpretation can be performed. An object of the present invention is to provide an image display apparatus and an X-ray CT apparatus capable of providing an image that can be favorably performed.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, an image display device according to the present invention includes an X-ray source that irradiates an X-ray beam and multiple rows of detection elements along the slice direction. In an image display apparatus for displaying projection CT images that are reconstructed by collecting projection data while rotating an X-ray detector around a rotation axis and performing back projection processing in consideration of the cone angle of the X-ray beam , Based on the information on the position of the image quality degradation region that is calculated based on the slice position, the information on the position of the image quality degradation region that occurs near the end of the projection data collection range due to the cone angle, and the information on the position of the image quality degradation region And a display processing unit for displaying the CT image in a form in which the image quality degradation region and a region other than the image quality degradation region can be identified.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, an X-ray CT apparatus according to the present invention includes an X-ray source that irradiates an X-ray beam and multiple rows of detection elements along the slice direction. In an X-ray CT apparatus that collects projection data while rotating an X-ray detector that rotates around a rotation axis and performs back projection processing in consideration of the cone angle of the X-ray beam to reconstruct a CT image, An area calculation unit that calculates information related to the position of the image quality degradation area that occurs near the end of the projection data collection range due to the influence of the cone angle based on the slice position, and an area other than the image quality degradation area and the image quality degradation area An image processing unit that performs image processing on the CT image.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, an X-ray CT apparatus according to the present invention includes an X-ray source that irradiates an X-ray beam and multiple rows of detection elements along a slice direction. In an X-ray CT apparatus that collects projection data while rotating an X-ray detector that rotates around a rotation axis and performs back projection processing in consideration of the cone angle of the X-ray beam to reconstruct a CT image, Along with an image for positioning obtained by scanning a subject, an image on which a mark representing a scan range for obtaining the CT image is superimposed is displayed. A display device for displaying a mark on the image and an input device capable of setting and inputting a scan range for obtaining the CT image.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, an X-ray CT apparatus according to the present invention includes an X-ray source that irradiates an X-ray beam and multiple rows of detection elements along the slice direction. In an X-ray CT apparatus that collects projection data while rotating an X-ray detector that rotates around a rotation axis and performs back projection processing in consideration of the cone angle of the X-ray beam to reconstruct a CT image, At least one image processing of non-displaying, changing the color, and reducing the contrast is performed on the image quality degradation region portion of the positioning scano image obtained by scanning the subject. An image processing unit, a display device for displaying an image on which a scan range for obtaining the CT image is superimposed, together with a scano image processed by the display processing unit, and a method for obtaining the CT image And a setting input possible input device scan range.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, an X-ray CT apparatus according to the present invention includes an X-ray source that irradiates an X-ray beam and multiple rows of detection elements along the slice direction. In an X-ray CT apparatus that collects projection data while rotating an X-ray detector that rotates around a rotation axis and performs back projection processing in consideration of the cone angle of the X-ray beam to reconstruct a CT image, An area calculation unit that calculates information related to the position of the image quality degradation area that occurs near the end of the projection data collection range due to the influence of the cone angle based on the slice position, and the CT so that the image quality degradation area can be identified. And an image processing unit that performs image processing on the image.

  According to the image display apparatus and the X-ray CT apparatus according to the present invention, it is possible to generate a display image in which the display format of the image quality non-degraded area in which the projection data is relatively sufficient is appropriately generated, thereby improving inspection and interpretation. The image which can be performed can be provided.

  Embodiments of an image display apparatus and an X-ray CT (Computerized Tomography) apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  In the X-ray CT apparatus, a rotation / rotation (ROTATE / ROTATE) type in which an X-ray tube and an X-ray detector are rotated as one body, and a large number of detection elements are arrayed in a ring shape. There are various types such as a fixed / rotation (STATIONION / ROTATE) type in which only the X-ray tube rotates around the subject, and the present embodiment can be applied to any type. Here, the rotation / rotation type that currently occupies the mainstream will be described. In addition, in order to reconstruct one-slice CT image data, projection data for about 360 ° around the object and projection data for about 360 ° is required, and projection data for 180 ° + view angle is also required in the half scan method. . The present embodiment can be applied to any reconstruction method. In addition, the mechanism for converting incident X-rays into electric charges is based on an indirect conversion type in which X-rays are converted into light by a phosphor such as a scintillator and the light is further converted into electric charges by a photoelectric conversion element such as a photodiode. The generation of electron-hole pairs in semiconductors and their transfer to the electrode, that is, the direct conversion type utilizing a photoconductive phenomenon, is the mainstream. Any of these methods may be adopted as the X-ray detection element. In recent years, a so-called multi-tube type X-ray CT apparatus in which a plurality of pairs of an X-ray tube and an X-ray detector are mounted on a rotating frame has been commercialized, and peripheral technologies have been developed. The present embodiment can be applied to both a conventional single-tube X-ray computed tomography apparatus and a multi-tube X-ray computed tomography apparatus. Here, a single tube type will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an X-ray CT apparatus according to the present invention.

  In FIG. 1, projection data is collected while rotating an X-ray source that irradiates an X-ray beam and an X-ray detector having multi-row detection elements in the body axis direction around the rotation axis. 1 shows an X-ray CT apparatus 10 that performs back projection processing in consideration of a cone angle and reconstructs a CT image for each slice. In this X-ray CT apparatus 10, a gantry 11 for scanning a subject M (patient M 1, cylinder M 2, etc.) with X-rays, and a subject M placed in a hollow portion of the gantry 11. The table 12 for transporting in the body axis direction (z-axis direction), the operation of the gantry 11, and the CT image (axial image) etc. are reconstructed based on the data sent from the gantry 11, and output (display) ) Operation console 13.

  The gantry 11 can operate in a tilt direction (not shown), and the gantry 11 includes a rotating portion 15 and a fixed portion. An X-ray tube 21, a collimator 22, an aperture control motor 23, an X-ray detector 24, and a data acquisition unit (DAS: data acquisition system) 25 are provided in the rotating unit 15 of the gantry 11. The X-ray tube 21 and the collimator 22 and the X-ray detector 24 are provided at positions facing each other with the gantry 11 cavity interposed therebetween, that is, with the subject M interposed therebetween. The rotating unit 15 is configured to rotate around the cavity while maintaining the positional relationship.

  The fixed portion includes a main controller 31, IF (Interface) 32a and 32b, an X-ray tube controller 33, an opening control motor driver 34, a rotation motor 35, a rotation motor driver 36, a table motor 37, and a table motor driver 38. It is done.

  The driving of the X-ray tube 21 which is an X-ray generation source is controlled by an X-ray tube controller 33 and irradiates X-rays from a tube (not shown) of the X-ray tube 21 toward the X-ray detector.

  The collimator 22 is driven by an opening control motor driver 34 and has an opening for limiting the irradiation range of the X-rays irradiated from the X-ray tube 21.

  The X-ray detector 24 has multi-row detection elements (a plurality of configurations (number of columns, number of channels, etc.) differing in the z-axis direction for detecting X-rays from the X-ray tube 21 that has passed through the collimator 22 and the cavity. It may be a detection element). In the slice direction of the X-ray detector 24, 64 or more rows of X-ray detection elements, for example, 256 rows are arranged in parallel.

  The data collection unit 25 collects projection data based on the output of each detection channel of the X-ray detector 24.

  The main controller 31 analyzes various commands received from the operation console 13 via the IF 32a, and based on the analysis, the X-ray tube controller 33, the aperture control motor driver 34, the rotation motor driver 36, the table motor driver 38, and the data collection unit 25 outputs various control signals.

  The X-ray tube controller 33 transmits a drive signal to the X-ray tube 21. The X-ray tube 21 generates X-rays according to the control signal.

  The opening control motor driver 34 transmits a drive signal to the opening control motor 23. The opening control motor 23 adjusts the opening width of the collimator 22 according to the control signal.

  The rotation motor driver 36 transmits a drive signal to the rotation motor 35. In response to the drive signal, the rotation motor 35 rotates the rotation unit 15 so as to rotate around the cavity while the rotation unit 15 maintains the positional relationship.

  The table motor driver 38 transmits a drive signal to the table motor 37. The table motor 37 conveys the table 12 in the z-axis direction by the drive signal.

  The data collected by the data collection unit 25 is sent to the operation console 13 via the IF 32b.

  The operation console 13 is a so-called workstation configured based on a computer, and is capable of mutual communication with a network N such as a hospital backbone LAN (Local Area Network). The operation console 13 is mainly composed of basic hardware such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 41, a memory 42, an HD (Hard Disc) 44, IFs 45a, 45b, 45c, an input device 46, and a display device 47. . The CPU 41 is interconnected to each hardware component constituting the operation console 13 via a bus B1 as a common signal transmission path. Note that the operation console 13 may include a recording medium drive 48.

  The CPU 41 executes a program stored in the memory 42 when a command is input by the operator operating the input device 46 or the like. Alternatively, the CPU 41 is read from a program stored in the HD 44, a program transferred from the network N, received by the IF 45c and installed in the HD 44, or read from a recording medium attached to the recording medium drive 48 and installed in the HD 44. The loaded program is loaded into the memory 42 and executed.

  The memory 42 has elements such as a ROM (Read Only Memory) and a RAM (Random Access Memory), and stores an IPL (Initial Program Loading), a BIOS (Basic Input / Output System), a memory of the CPU 41, and a data memory. This is a storage device used for temporary storage of data.

  The HD 44 is configured by a nonvolatile semiconductor memory or the like. The HD 44 is a storage device that stores programs installed in the operation console 13 (including application programs, OS (Operating System), and the like) and data. In addition, the OS can be provided with a GUI (Graphical User Interface) that uses a lot of graphics for displaying information to the user and can perform basic operations with the input device 46.

  The IFs 45a, 45b, and 45c perform communication control according to each standard. The IFs 45a and 45b communicate with the gantry 11 and are connected to the IFs 32a and 32b of the gantry 11, respectively. Further, the IF 45c has a function capable of being connected to the network N through a telephone line, whereby the operation console 13 can be connected to the network N network from the IF 45c.

  Examples of the input device 46 include a keyboard and a mouse that can be operated by an operator, and an input signal according to the operation is sent to the CPU 41. The user can input the width (described later) of the X-ray exposure area in the slice direction to the operation console 13 via the input device 46. Further, the user can set and input a scan range (described later) for obtaining a CT image via the input device 46.

  An example of the display device 47 is a monitor. An image is displayed on the display device 47 by expanding the image data or the like in a memory such as a VRAM (Video Random Access Memory (not shown)) that expands the image data to be displayed.

  The recording medium drive 48 is detachable from the recording medium, reads out data (including a program) recorded on the recording medium, outputs the data on the bus, and outputs data supplied through the bus. Write to a recording medium. Such a recording medium can be provided as so-called package software.

  FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the operation console 13.

  When the CPU 41 of the operation console 13 illustrated in FIG. 1 executes the program, the operation console 13 functions as an area calculation unit 55, a CT scan execution unit 56, a projection data recording unit 57, and an image processing unit 58. In addition, although each part 55 thru | or 58 demonstrates the case where it functions by running a program, it is not limited to that case. Some or all of the units 55 to 58 may be included in the operation console 13 as hardware.

  The area calculation unit 55 slices information on the position of an image quality degradation area (low image quality area) that occurs near the end of the projection data collection range due to relative shortage of projection data, noise, image distortion, or the like due to the influence of the cone angle. Calculate based on position. Specifically, the area calculation unit 55 includes an area outside the diameter of the imaging space, information regarding the position of the image quality degradation area that occurs near the end of the projection data collection range due to the influence of the cone angle, and an area other than the image quality degradation area The information regarding the position of the image quality non-degraded area (image quality normal area) for which the projection data is relatively sufficient is calculated based on the position information in the slice direction. The region calculation unit 55 includes an image quality non-degraded region generation unit 61, an imaging space outside region map generation unit 62, and an image quality deterioration region map generation unit 63.

  Here, when X-ray irradiation is performed at each projection angle (view angle) on an area formed by an imaging space (FOV: Field Of View) and a distance in the z-axis direction (VDS described later), a certain projection is performed. There may be both the angle projection data and the projection data of the opposite projection angle (with a difference of around 180 degrees). In this case, the data area of the projection data at a certain projection angle is compared with the data area of the projection angle facing the projection area, and an area in which the non-overlapping data area is reconfigured is defined as an image non-degraded area.

  The image quality non-degraded region generation unit 61 is configured to detect the diameter of the imaging space, the width in the body axis direction of the X-ray detector 24, the distance between the X-ray source and the X-ray detector 24, and the image quality non-degraded region in the end slice slice. The image quality non-deterioration region generated on each slice cross section with the rotation axis of the rotation unit 15 as the center is generated based on the diameter of the rotation unit 15.

  FIG. 3 is a sagittal sectional view showing an imaging space of a required part of the patient M1.

  The x-axis direction of the imaging space shown in FIG. 3 is determined by the number and arrangement of cylindrical models filled with a reference material, for example, water phantoms, and the diameter of the cylindrical imaging space having an axis in the z-axis direction (Calibration_Field_Of_View) : Calib_FOV), and the z-axis direction indicates the width (Detector_Size: DS) of the X-ray exposure region in the z-axis direction of the X-ray detector 24 or the range of reconfigurable slice positions (reconstruction FOV). To express. Since Calib_FOV is determined by the diameter of the cylinder centering on the z-axis direction, it is constant without changing depending on the change in the z-axis direction.

  The image quality non-deterioration region generation unit 61 detects X-rays with the Calib_FOV, DS, the distance between the X-ray source and the X-ray detector 24 (Focus_Center_Distance: FCD), and the rotation axis of the rotation unit 15 as the center in the sagittal section system. Based on the Minimum_Mask_FOV (MM_FOV), which is the diameter of the image quality non-degraded region, in the z-axis direction end slice section (the end of the reconstructed FOV) in the z-axis direction, The size (diameter) (Mask_FOV: M_FOV) of the image quality non-degraded region generated on each slice cross section in the FOV is generated. The MM_FOV may be appropriately input by the operator using the input device 46, or may be set in advance. Moreover, when using what was preset as MM_FOV, it may be set for each examination site or for each operator.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a method for generating an M_FOV. In FIG. 4, only the first quadrant in the xz coordinate system (sagittal section system) with the center of gravity of the imaging space as the base point is shown in a planar manner. Therefore, in FIG. 4, Calib_FOV is represented as 1 / 2_Calib_FOV as a radius, DS is represented as 1 / 2_DS, and MM_FOV is represented as 1 / 2_MM_FOV as a radius. Further, in FIG. 4, for convenience, hatching is applied to a portion on the sagittal section that occurs as an image quality non-degraded region on each slice section centered on the rotation axis of the rotating unit 15.

For example, when the operator inputs the MM_FOV to the operation console 13 using the input device 46 shown in FIG. 1, the virtual width in the z-axis direction in the X-ray detector 24 is calculated from the MM_FOV, FCD, and DS. (Virtual_Detector_Size: VDS) is calculated by the following equation (1). In FIG. 4, VDS is represented as 1 / 2_VDS.

Further, the coordinate (Dist) in the z-axis direction at the required slice position is the number of detection element columns (Sseg) provided at the center in the z-axis direction of the X-ray detector 24 and the column of detection elements at the required slice position. The absolute value of the difference from the number (seg) and the size of the detection element (SegSize) are calculated by the following equation (2).

Therefore, the provisional M_FOV (tmpM_FOV) at the required slice position is calculated by the following equation (3). That is, tmpM_FOV changes depending on the slice position.

In each slice position, the smaller one is acquired as M_FOV by the following equation (4) based on Calib_FOV and tmpM_FOV.

For example, M_FOV in the case of the slice position S1 in FIG. 4 is expressed by the following equation (5).

Further, M_FOV in the case of the slice position S2 is expressed by the following equation (6).

  The imaging space outside area map generation unit 62 shown in FIG. 2 calculates the diameter of the imaging space on each slice section around the reconstruction center by a general method based on the Calib_FOV and the reconstruction FOV. It has a function of generating an imaging space outside area map which is an outside area.

  Based on the Calib_FOV, the reconstructed FOV, and the M_FOV generated by the image quality non-degraded region generating unit 61, the image quality deteriorated region map generating unit 63 generates an image quality deteriorated region generated on each slice section centered on the reconstruction center. A function of generating an image quality degradation area map; As shown in FIG. 4, the diameter (ratio) of the image quality degradation region changes depending on the slice position in the reconstructed FOV.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a region outside the imaging space and an image quality degradation region map in a CT section (axial section).

  FIG. 5 is a slice cross-section at the slice position S2 shown in FIG. 4, and the imaging space outside area map T1 and the image quality deterioration area map T2 when the rotation axis of the rotation unit 15 shown in FIG. Indicates. The image quality degradation area map T2 is a donut-shaped map sandwiched between a circular inner frame (broken line in the figure) and an outer frame (solid line in the figure).

  When the tilt angle of the gantry 11 is 0 °, the inner frame and outer frame of the image quality degradation region map T2 (inner frame of the imaging space outer region map T1) are circular as shown in FIG. When the tilt angle is other than 0 °, an ellipse is formed. FIG. 5 shows each map when the rotation axis of the rotation unit 15 is the reconstruction center. However, the map is not limited to this, and the rotation axis of the rotation unit 15 and the reconstruction center are different. It may be the case. In that case, a part of the inner frame and the outer frame of the image quality degradation region map T2 may be missing.

  In the slice cross section at the slice position S1 shown in FIG. 4, the image quality degradation region map T2 is not generated when the rotation axis of the rotation unit 15 shown in FIG.

  The CT scan execution unit 56 shown in FIG. 2 has a function of rotating the rotation unit 15 of the gantry 11 and performing a CT scan to collect projection data. In the CT scan, first, the position in the z-axis direction is fixed in a state where the subject M is positioned in the cavity of the rotating unit 15, and the subject is irradiated with the X-ray beam from the X-ray tube 21 (X-rays). Projection) and the transmitted X-rays are detected by the X-ray detector 24. Then, this transmitted X-ray is detected by rotating the X-ray tube 21 and the X-ray detector 24 around the subject M (that is, changing the projection angle) with a plurality of N (for example, N = 1,000). ) 360 degrees in the view direction. Each detected transmission X-ray is converted into a digital value by the data acquisition unit 25 and transferred to the operation console 13 via the IF 32b as projection data. A series of these processes is called one scan as one unit.

  The projection data recording unit 57 has a function of recording the projection data transferred from the gantry 11 in a storage device such as the HD 44.

  The image processing unit 58 reconstructs the CT image, performs image processing (including display processing) on the CT image so that the image quality degradation region and the image quality non-degradation region can be identified, and displays the image after image processing. 47 has a function of displaying. The image processing unit 58 changes image processing characteristics so that an image quality degradation region and an image quality non-degradation region can be identified, and an image that changes at least one of a tone conversion characteristic and a color tone characteristic on a CT image. Perform processing. Alternatively, the image processing unit 58 performs image processing of the CT image so as to remove data corresponding to the image quality degradation region from the CT image data so that the image quality degradation region and the image quality non-degradation region can be identified. Also good. Alternatively, the image processing unit 58 hides, changes the color, and lowers the contrast of the image quality degradation area portion of the CT image so that the image quality degradation area and the image quality non-degradation area can be identified. At least one of the display processes to be performed may be performed. Alternatively, display processing may be performed in which a boundary line is displayed on the inner frame of the image quality degradation area (boundary between the image quality degradation area and the image quality non-degradation area) so that the image quality degradation area and the image quality non-degradation area can be identified. Good. Specifically, the image processing unit 58 includes an image reconstruction unit 66 and a display processing unit 67.

  The image reconstruction unit 66 uses the projection data collected by the CT scan execution unit 56 and recorded by the projection data recording unit 57 or projection data stored in advance in a storage device such as the HD 44 on each slice section. A function of generating a CT image (reconstructed image) by back projecting (back projection) the inside of the Calib_FOV (image quality degradation region and image quality non-degradation region). In image reconstruction used for conventional scanning, dynamic scanning, real-time scanning, and the like, reconstruction is performed using an algorithm that can faithfully reproduce the cone angle in the z-axis direction.

  The display processing unit 67 displays the display image on the display device 47. Specifically, the display processing unit 67 includes an imaging space outside region map processing unit 68 and an image quality degradation region map processing unit 69.

  The imaging space outside region map processing unit 68 uses, for each slice, the imaging space outside region map generated by the imaging space outside region map generation unit 62 and the CT image reconstructed by the image reconstruction unit 66 based on the reconstruction center. At the same time, the pixel value (pixel value) of the corresponding pixel in the outside-imaging space area map is replaced with a mask value (for example, “−2048”) that makes the image invisible.

  For each slice, the image quality degradation area map processing unit 69 matches the image quality degradation area map generated by the image quality degradation area map generation unit 63 and the CT image reconstructed by the image reconstruction unit 66 with the reconstruction center as a reference. Convert the display format in the degraded area map. The image quality degradation region map processing unit 69 is provided with at least one of a mask value replacing unit 69a, a variable mask value adding unit 69b, and a border line arranging unit 69c.

  The mask value replacement unit 69a replaces the pixel value of the corresponding pixel in the image quality degradation region map with a mask value that makes the image invisible.

  The variable mask value adding unit 69b performs a process of adding the variable mask value to the pixel value of the corresponding pixel in the image quality deterioration region map in order to change the transparency of the mask in the image quality deterioration region map.

  The border line placement unit 69c performs a process of placing a border line on the frame of the image quality degradation area map.

  Depending on the pixel size of the reconstruction matrix (including volume), pixels corresponding to the image quality degradation area in the image quality degradation area map, and image quality non-degradation that is not in the image quality degradation area map and the area outside the imaging space There may be a pixel including both the image degradation area and the image non-degradation area in the vicinity of the boundary with the pixel corresponding to the area. In that case, the pixel including both the image degradation area and the image non-degradation area may be processed as the image degradation area or the image non-degradation area, or the image degradation area and the image may be processed as in gradation processing. You may perform the process different from a non-deterioration area | region.

  6, 7 and 8 are schematic views showing an example of a display image including a CT image.

  The display images shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8 are slice images at the slice position S <b> 2 shown in FIG. 4, and are CT images when the rotation axis of the rotating unit 15 shown in FIG. 1 is the reconstruction center. Is a display image including FIG. 6 shows a display image in which the mask value replacement unit 69a of the image quality degradation region map processing unit 69 is functioned and the pixel values of the pixels in the image quality degradation region map T2 are replaced with mask values. FIG. 7 shows a display image in which the variable mask value adding unit 69b of the image quality degradation region map processing unit 69 is functioned and the variable mask value is added to the pixel value of the pixel in the image quality degradation region map T2. For the sake of convenience, hatching is applied to the part obtained by adding the variable mask value to the pixel value. FIG. 8 shows a display image in which the border line arrangement unit 69c of the image quality degradation region map processing unit 69 is made to function and the border line (circular solid line in the figure) is arranged on the inner frame of the image quality degradation region map T2. If the rotation axis of the rotation unit 15 and the reconstruction center are different, a part of the display image may be missing.

  In the present embodiment, if the mask value replacement unit 69a of the image quality degradation region map processing unit 69 is functioned to distinguish an image quality degradation region that is not suitable for inspection and an image quality non-degradation region that is suitable for inspection, Similar to the area map T1, the pixel value of the image quality deterioration area map T2 can be replaced with a mask value, and a display image consisting only of the CT image related to the image quality non-deterioration area can be displayed (FIG. 6).

  However, if the image quality degradation area map T2 is replaced with a mask value, it may be impossible to determine which part (part) of the patient M1 the image in the image quality non-degradation area, that is, the positional relationship with respect to the whole. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the variable mask value adding unit 69b of the image quality deterioration region map processing unit 69 is caused to function so that the transparency of the mask applied to the image quality deterioration region map T2 is the positional relationship with respect to the entire image in the image quality non-deterioration region. Thus, a display image composed of CT images related to the image quality non-degraded area and the image quality degraded area can be displayed (FIG. 7). Therefore, the image in the image quality degradation area map T2 indicates that the image quality is low, and the image under the mask in the image quality degradation area map T2 can be visually recognized. Note that the transparency of the mask applied to the image quality degradation region map T2 can be set by the operator.

  Further, the display image can be displayed by causing the border line arrangement unit 69c of the image quality degradation region map processing unit 69 to function (FIG. 8), and the same effect as the variable mask value addition unit 69b can be obtained. The border line can be freely selected by the operator from, for example, a solid line, a broken line, and a thick line (but bulge outward), and the color of the border line can also be freely selected by the operator.

  Further, the operation console 13 illustrated in FIG. 2 may function as a scano imaging execution unit 71 and a scano image generation unit 72 that generate positioning images (scano images).

  When the operation console 13 functions as the scano imaging execution unit 71 and the scano image generation unit 72, the imaging space outside area map generation unit 62 sets the imaging space diameter (Calib_FOV) and the body axis direction of the X-ray detector 24 in the body axis direction. Based on the width (DS), an imaging space outside area map of an outside area of the imaging space diameter generated in the sagittal section from an outside area of the imaging space diameter on each slice section around the rotation axis of the rotating unit 15 It has the function to generate. The image quality degradation area map generation unit 63 is based on the diameter of the imaging space, the width of the X-ray detector 24 in the body axis direction, and the image quality non-degradation area generated by the image quality non-degradation area generation unit 61. The image quality degradation area map of the image quality degradation area generated in the sagittal section is generated from the image quality degradation area generated on each slice section centering on the rotation axis of the image.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example of an area outside the imaging space and an image quality degradation area map.

  FIG. 9 shows an imaging space outside area map T1 generated from a region outside the imaging space on each slice cross section around the rotation axis of the rotation unit 15 shown in FIG. An image quality degradation region map T2 generated and generated in the sagittal section is shown. Alternatively, FIG. 9 shows an area outside the imaging space T1 generated from the area outside the imaging space on the scanogram and generated in the scanogram, and an image quality degradation area map T2 generated from the image quality degradation area and generated in the scanogram. Indicates.

  Further, when the imaging space outside area map T1 and the image quality degradation area map T2 are applied on the scanogram, an image in which a mark representing a scan range (broken line in FIG. 9) is superimposed is displayed together with the scanogram. Good. By clearly indicating the image quality degradation area map T2 together with the scan range on the scanogram, it is possible to clearly indicate that the scan range is different from the range that can be imaged (image of the data with maintained image quality). Note that the image processing unit 67 may perform at least one of image processing of non-displaying, changing a color, and reducing contrast on the image quality degradation region portion of the scanogram.

  The scano shooting execution unit 71 has a function of executing scano shooting. In scano imaging, X-ray irradiation and data collection are performed under the control of the main controller 31 while the rotation of the rotating unit 15 is stopped. Projection data collected by this scano imaging is sent to the operation console 13.

  The scanogram generation unit 72 has a function of arranging the projection data sent to the operation console 13 according to the collection position via a storage device such as the HD 44 of the operation console 13 to generate a scanogram.

  Further, the operation console 13 may function as the cross-section conversion unit 81.

  When the operation console 13 is caused to function as the cross-section conversion unit 81, the imaging space outside region map generation unit 62 is based on the imaging space diameter (Calib_FOV) and the width (DS) in the body axis direction of the X-ray detector 24. And a function to generate an imaging space outside area map of an outside area of the imaging space diameter generated in the MPR (Multi Planar Reconstruction) section from an outside area of the imaging space diameter on each slice section around the reconstruction center . The image quality degradation area map generation unit 63 is based on the reconstruction space based on the diameter of the imaging space, the width of the X-ray detector 24 in the body axis direction, and the image quality non-degradation area generated by the image quality non-degradation area generation unit 61. An image quality degradation area map of the image quality degradation area generated in the MPR cross section is generated from the image quality degradation area generated on each slice cross section centering on.

  Based on the plurality of CT images reconstructed by the image reconstruction unit 66, the cross-section conversion unit 81 reconstructs an MPR cross-sectional image (coronal image, sagittal image, oblique image, etc.) different from the CT image, It has a function of generating an MPR image.

  10 and 11 are diagrams illustrating an example of a display image including an MPR image (sagittal image).

  10 and 11 show MPR images obtained by scanning the cylinder M2 containing water and converting the cross section on the sagittal plane. FIG. 10 shows an MPR image obtained by combining the image quality degradation region map T2 in which the mask value replacement unit 69a of the image quality degradation region map processing unit 69 is functioned and the pixel value is replaced with the mask value. On the other hand, FIG. 11 shows an MPR image in which the border line arrangement unit 69c of the image quality degradation region map processing unit 69 is functioned and the border line is arranged in the inner frame of the image quality degradation region T2. Here, FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 show display images when the rotation axis of the rotation unit 15 is the reconstruction center, but the present invention is not limited to this case, and the rotation axis and reconstruction of the rotation unit 15 are not limited thereto. It may be a case where the center is different.

  FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a display image including a scanano image.

  FIG. 12 shows a scanogram in which the border line arrangement unit 69c of the image quality degradation area map processing unit 69 is functioned and the border line indicating the scan area or the imaging area is arranged in the inner frame of the image quality degradation area T2. When displaying a scanogram, display or non-display of the image quality degradation region is selected.

  Note that the technique of the present embodiment can also be applied to image processing of a three-dimensional image generated based on a plurality of CT images at a plurality of slice positions. The image processing unit 58 obtains the range of the image quality degradation area and the image quality non-degradation area for each of the plurality of slice positions, and identifies the image quality degradation area and the image quality non-degradation area based on the CT images at the plurality of slice positions. Image processing is performed on the acquired three-dimensional image.

  According to the X-ray CT apparatus 10 of the present embodiment, inspection and interpretation are favorably performed by generating a display image in which the display format of the image quality non-degraded region where the projection data is relatively sufficient is appropriately changed. Images that can be provided.

  FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an image display apparatus according to the present invention.

  FIG. 13 shows an X-ray beam obtained by collecting projection data while rotating an X-ray source that irradiates an X-ray beam and an X-ray detector having multiple rows of detection elements along the slice direction about a rotation axis. A general X-ray CT apparatus 88 that reconstructs a CT image by performing back projection processing in consideration of the cone angle, and an image display apparatus that is communicably connected to the X-ray CT apparatus 88 via the network N ( Viewer) 89.

  The image display device 89 is mainly composed of basic hardware such as a CPU 91, a memory 92, an HD 94, an IF 95, an input device 96, and a display device 97. The CPU 41 is interconnected to each hardware component constituting the image display device 89 via a bus B2 as a common signal transmission path. Note that the image display device 89 may include a recording medium drive 98. The image display device 89 is not limited to acquiring a CT image from the X-ray CT apparatus 88 via the network N. For example, the CT image generated by the X-ray CT apparatus 88 is recorded on a recording medium, and the recording is performed. It may be a case where a CT image is acquired from the X-ray CT apparatus 89 by reading the medium with the recording medium drive 98 of the image display apparatus 89.

  Here, the CPU 91, memory 92, HD94, IF95, input device 96, display device 97, and recording medium drive 98 are the CPU 41, memory 42, HD44, IF45, input device 46, display device 47, and recording medium shown in FIG. Description is omitted assuming that each device has the same function as the drive 48.

  FIG. 14 is a functional block diagram of the image display device 89.

  The image display device 89 functions as the region calculation unit 55 and the display processing unit 67 by the CPU 91 of the image display device 89 shown in FIG. In addition, although each part 55 and 67 demonstrates the case where it functions by running a program, it is not limited to that case, You may have as a hardware in the image display apparatus 89. FIG.

  As described with reference to FIG. 2, the area calculation unit 55 includes an image quality non-deterioration generation unit 61, an imaging space outside region map generation unit 62, and an image quality deterioration region map generation unit 63.

  Further, as described with reference to FIG. 2, the display processing unit 67 includes an imaging space outside region map processing unit 68 and an image quality degradation region map processing unit 69.

  The display processing unit 67 of the image display device 89 displays a CT image in a form in which the image quality degradation region and a region other than the image quality degradation region can be identified based on the information regarding the position of the image quality degradation region calculated by the region calculation unit 55. By displaying the image on the device 97, an interpreter such as a doctor interprets the image while viewing the display image on the display device 97. Therefore, the image interpreter can perform accurate and accurate image interpretation based on the display image.

  According to the image display device 89 of the present embodiment, the inspection and interpretation can be performed satisfactorily by generating a display image in which the display format of the image quality non-degraded region where the projection data is relatively sufficient is appropriately changed. An image that can be

1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of an X-ray CT apparatus according to the present invention. Functional block diagram of the operation console. A sagittal sectional view showing an imaging space of a required part of a patient. The figure explaining the production | generation method of M_FOV. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of an area outside the imaging space and an image quality degradation area map in a CT section (axial section). The schematic diagram which shows an example of the display image containing CT image. The schematic diagram which shows an example of the display image containing CT image. The schematic diagram which shows an example of the display image containing CT image. The figure which shows an example of an imaging space area map and an image quality degradation area map. The figure which shows an example of the display image containing a MPR image. The figure which shows an example of the display image containing a MPR image. The schematic diagram which shows an example of the display image containing a scanano image. The block diagram which shows embodiment of an image display apparatus. The functional block diagram of an image display apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 X-ray CT apparatus 13 Operation console 24 X-ray detector 46 Input device 47 Display apparatus 55 Area | region calculating part 56 CT scan execution part 57 Projection data recording part 58 Image processing part 61 Image quality non-deterioration area | region production | generation part 62 Area map outside imaging space Generation unit 63 Image quality degradation region map generation unit 66 Image reconstruction unit 67 Display processing unit 68 Imaging space outside region map processing unit 69 Image quality degradation region map processing unit 69a Mask value replacement unit 69b Variable mask value addition unit 69c Outline line arrangement unit 71 Scano imaging execution unit 72 Scano image generation unit 81 Cross-section conversion unit 89 Image display device

Claims (15)

Projection data is collected while rotating an X-ray source for irradiating the X-ray beam and an X-ray detector having multiple rows of detection elements along the slice direction about the rotation axis, and the cone angle of the X-ray beam is collected. In an image display apparatus that displays a CT image reconstructed by performing a back projection process in consideration of
An area calculation unit that calculates information on the position of the image quality degradation area that occurs near the end of the projection data collection range due to the influence of the cone angle based on the slice position;
An image comprising: a display processing unit that displays the CT image in a form in which the image quality degradation area and an area other than the image quality degradation area can be identified based on information on the position of the image quality degradation area. Display device. Projection data is collected while rotating an X-ray source for irradiating the X-ray beam and an X-ray detector having multiple rows of detection elements along the slice direction about the rotation axis, and the cone angle of the X-ray beam is collected. In an X-ray CT apparatus for reconstructing a CT image by performing back projection processing in consideration of
An area calculation unit that calculates information on the position of the image quality degradation area that occurs near the end of the projection data collection range due to the influence of the cone angle based on the slice position;
An X-ray CT apparatus comprising: an image processing unit that performs image processing on the CT image so that the image quality degradation region and a region other than the image quality degradation region can be identified. The image processing unit changes image processing characteristics between the image quality degradation area and an area other than the image quality degradation area, and performs image processing to change at least one of gradation conversion characteristics and tone characteristics. The X-ray CT apparatus according to claim 2. The X-ray CT apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the image processing unit performs image processing for removing data corresponding to the image quality degradation region from the CT image data. The X image processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the image processing unit performs image processing for displaying a boundary line indicating a boundary between the image quality degradation region and a region other than the image quality degradation region on the CT image. Line CT device. The image processing unit obtains a range of the image quality degradation region and the region other than the image quality degradation region for each of a plurality of slice positions, and can identify the image quality degradation region and the region other than the image quality degradation region. The X-ray CT apparatus according to claim 2, wherein image processing is performed on a three-dimensional image acquired based on CT images at a plurality of slice positions. An input device capable of inputting the size of the image non-degraded area, wherein the image processing unit determines the image quality deteriorated area and an area other than the image quality deteriorated area based on information on the size of the image non-degraded area; The X-ray CT apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the X-ray CT apparatus is obtained by: The image processing unit performs at least one of image processing of non-displaying, changing a color, and reducing contrast on the image quality deterioration region portion of the CT image. The X-ray CT apparatus according to claim 2. Projection data is collected while rotating an X-ray source for irradiating the X-ray beam and an X-ray detector having multiple rows of detection elements along the slice direction about the rotation axis, and the cone angle of the X-ray beam is collected. In an X-ray CT apparatus for reconstructing a CT image by performing back projection processing in consideration of
A positioning image obtained by scanning the subject is displayed together with an image in which a mark representing a scanning range for obtaining the CT image is superimposed, and the positioning image is displayed so that an image quality degradation region can be identified. A display device for displaying a mark on the image of
An X-ray CT apparatus comprising: an input device capable of setting and inputting a scan range for obtaining the CT image. Projection data is collected while rotating an X-ray source for irradiating the X-ray beam and an X-ray detector having multiple rows of detection elements along the slice direction about the rotation axis, and the cone angle of the X-ray beam is collected. In an X-ray CT apparatus for reconstructing a CT image by performing back projection processing in consideration of
At least one of image processing for non-displaying, changing the color, and reducing contrast is performed on the image quality degradation region portion of the positioning scano image obtained by scanning the subject. An image processing unit;
A display device that displays an image on which a mark representing a scan range for obtaining the CT image is superimposed together with a scanogram processed by the display processing unit,
An X-ray CT apparatus comprising: an input device capable of setting and inputting a scan range for obtaining the CT image. Projection data is collected while rotating an X-ray source for irradiating the X-ray beam and an X-ray detector having multiple rows of detection elements along the slice direction about the rotation axis, and the cone angle of the X-ray beam is collected. In an X-ray CT apparatus for reconstructing a CT image by performing back projection processing in consideration of
An area calculation unit that calculates information on the position of the image quality degradation area that occurs near the end of the projection data collection range due to the influence of the cone angle based on the slice position;
An X-ray CT apparatus comprising: an image processing unit that performs image processing on the CT image so that the image quality degradation region can be identified. 12. The X according to claim 11, wherein the image processing unit changes image processing characteristics of the image quality degradation region, and performs image processing to change at least one of gradation conversion characteristics and tone characteristics. Line CT device. The X-ray CT apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the image processing unit performs image processing for removing data corresponding to the image quality degradation region from the data of the CT image. The X-ray CT apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the image processing unit performs image processing for displaying a boundary line indicating an inner frame of the image quality degradation region on the CT image. The image processing unit obtains a range of the image quality degradation region for each of a plurality of slice positions, and performs image processing on a three-dimensional image acquired based on a CT image at the plurality of slice positions. The X-ray CT apparatus according to claim 11.

Images