JP2007246498A - Nerve growth factor-producing inducer with field wasabi(japanese horseradish) extract as active ingredient - Google Patents
Nerve growth factor-producing inducer with field wasabi(japanese horseradish) extract as active ingredient Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、畑わさび抽出物を有効成分とする神経成長因子産生誘導剤に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a nerve growth factor production inducer comprising field wasabi extract as an active ingredient.
わさびに関する研究は進んでおり、わさびの種々のからし油成分による抗菌作用、抗カビ作用、抗虫作用、抗ガン作用、抗血栓作用や、わさび抽出物による消化管吸収促進作用、抗下痢作用、骨増強作用などがすでに知られている。わさびはアブラナ科の多年草であり、栽培方法により沢わさびと畑わさびとに分けられる。わさびは香辛料原料として用いられているが、その際用いられるのは沢わさびの根茎および畑わさびの根茎であり、特に畑わさびの葉や葉柄の部分は、産業的には多くの場合廃棄されているのが現状である。 The research on wasabi is progressing, antibacterial action, antifungal action, anti-insect action, anti-cancer action, anti-thrombotic action by wasabi oil components of wasabi, gastrointestinal absorption promotion action by wasabi extract, anti-diarrhea action Bone strengthening action is already known. Wasabi is a perennial plant belonging to the Brassicaceae family, and can be divided into swab and field wasabi depending on the cultivation method. Wasabi is used as a spice raw material, but the wasabi rhizomes and field wasabi rhizomes are used at that time. Especially, the wasabi leaves and petioles are discarded in many cases industrially. The current situation is.
高機能性であるわさびといえども、全体を利用せずに廃棄物を出してしまうことは現代社会の目標となるゼロエミッションとは相反するため、未利用部分である畑わさびの葉および葉柄部分の有効活用法の開発が望まれている。 Even though the wasabi has high functionality, it is contrary to zero emission, which is the goal of modern society, to produce waste without using the whole. Development of an effective utilization method is desired.
一方、全国的に高齢化社会への進行が進んでおり、特に高齢者に頻発しやすい認知症患者の数は現在の180万人から2015年には250万人、2035年には337万人にまで増えるとの予想もあり、介護負担の増大等、社会問題として注目されている。 On the other hand, progress toward an aging society is progressing nationwide, and the number of patients with dementia, which is particularly likely to occur frequently in the elderly, has increased from 1.8 million to 2.5 million in 2015 and 3.37 million in 2035. There is also an expectation that it will increase to 1, and is attracting attention as a social problem such as an increase in the burden of nursing care.
このような中、認知症治療薬は現在ただ一つだけである。認知症を改善する薬として以前は脳代謝改善薬が使用されていた時代もあったが、厚生労働省から効果が認められないということで保険承認を取り消されたため、現在は神経伝達物質アセチルコリンの分解を抑制するアリセプトのみが認知症治療薬として承認されているだけである。そのため認知症治療のための新薬の開発が急ピッチで進められている。 Under such circumstances, there is currently only one drug for treating dementia. Although there was a time when brain metabolism improving drugs were used as drugs to improve dementia, insurance approval was canceled because the effect was not recognized by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, so degradation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine is now Only Aricept, which suppresses the disease, is approved as a treatment for dementia. Therefore, the development of new drugs for the treatment of dementia is proceeding at a rapid pace.
認知症治療の新薬開発も大切ではあるが、認知症の予防を行い、認知症患者の増加を抑えることはさらに重要である。自治医科大学付属大宮医療センター神経内科の植木彰教授らは、認知症、特にアルツハイマー型認知症の発症にはEPAやDHAなど多価不飽和脂肪酸の低摂取なども要因になりえると発表している。すなわちアルツハイマー型認知症の予防にはEPAやDHA等、食品に含まれる種々の栄養素の十分な摂取が必要であることが予想される。 Development of new drugs for the treatment of dementia is important, but it is more important to prevent dementia and suppress the increase in patients with dementia. Prof. Akira Ueki, Department of Neurology, Oji Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, announced that low intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids such as EPA and DHA can be a factor in the development of dementia, especially Alzheimer's dementia Yes. That is, it is expected that sufficient intake of various nutrients contained in foods such as EPA and DHA is necessary for prevention of Alzheimer's dementia.
種々の栄養素を補う目的で現在多数のサプリメントが販売されており、多くの人々に利用されている。その中には特定の機能性を有する特定保健用食品も含まれていて、すでに600を超える食品が認可されている。しかし残念ながらまだ認知症予防に積極的に関わるものは出ていないのが現状である。 Numerous supplements are currently sold for the purpose of supplementing various nutrients and are used by many people. Among them are foods for specified health use with specific functions, and more than 600 foods have already been approved. However, unfortunately, there are still no active involvement in dementia prevention.
認知症の予防を栄養学的、薬学的見地から考えた場合、様々な方法が考えられるわけであるが、私達の神経細胞を活性化する因子(神経成長因子)の働きをよくする方法がその一つに挙げられる。この方法は神経成長因子を活性化することで神経細胞の脱落を抑え、神経細胞の伸長を維持していく方法である。 There are various ways to prevent dementia from a nutritional and pharmaceutical standpoint, but there is a way to improve the function of factors that activate our nerve cells (nerve growth factor). One of them. In this method, nerve growth factors are activated to suppress the loss of nerve cells and maintain the elongation of nerve cells.
アブラナ科植物に属する植物由来のイソチオシアネート類に神経成長因子の作用を増強する作用が見出されている。これは神経成長因子を添加した培養細胞系の評価で明らかになったものであるが、神経細胞が自ら作り出す神経成長因子の産生量を増加させる作用ではない。すなわち神経成長因子の添加を伴わなければならないため、神経成長因子産生量が減少しつつある者に対しては必ずしも有効とは限らないのである。これを確実に有効にするためにはアブラナ科植物に神経成長因子そのものを増産させる作用のあるものが見出されなければならない。しかしながら、アブラナ科植物には神経成長因子産生を誘導する有効成分はまだ見つかってはいない。
解決しようとする問題点は、認知症予防のための有効成分で神経成長因子の産生を誘導する作用をもつものがアブラナ科植物に見出されていない点である。 The problem to be solved is that none of the cruciferous plants has been found to have an action of inducing production of nerve growth factor as an active ingredient for preventing dementia.
アブラナ科植物のわさび、特に畑わさびの葉および葉柄部分にイソチオシアネート類以外の成分で神経成長因子産生誘導作用を有する画分の検索研究をエンザイムイムノアッセイ法を用いて鋭意行った。その結果、アブラナ科植物畑わさびの抽出物に神経成長因子産生誘導作用のあることを見出した。 Searching for fractions that have nerve growth factor production-inducing activity with components other than isothiocyanates in the leaves and petioles of field crab wasabi was carried out by enzyme immunoassay. As a result, it was found that the extract of the Brassicaceae plant field wasabi has an effect of inducing nerve growth factor production.
本発明は、畑わさびから無水状態で有効抽出物を得、それが神経成長因子誘導作用を有することを最も主要な特徴とする。 The main feature of the present invention is that an effective extract is obtained from field wasabi in an anhydrous state and has an action of inducing nerve growth factor.
本発明により、畑わさびの未利用部分に付加価値を付与するとともに、本発明による有効成分を食品、健康食品、保健機能食品、医薬部外品に配合して摂取することにより、認知症の予防に役立てることができる。 According to the present invention, added value is added to the unused part of field wasabi, and the active ingredient according to the present invention is incorporated into foods, health foods, health functional foods, quasi drugs, to prevent dementia. Can be useful.
畑わさびの未利用部分となっている葉または葉柄部分を完全乾燥、紛体化、非加水抽出することで、認知症の予防に役立つ神経成長因子誘導効果のある有効成分含有抽出物を得ることができる。次に本発明を具体的に説明するため実施例を掲げるが、本発明はこれらによって限定されるものではない。 It is possible to obtain an extract containing active ingredients with nerve growth factor-inducing effect useful for prevention of dementia by completely drying, powdering, and non-hydrolyzing the leaves or petiole parts that are unused parts of field wasabi it can. EXAMPLES Next, examples are given to specifically describe the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
畑わさびの葉および葉柄1kgを天日干しにより乾燥させ、さらに電気低温乾燥機により75℃で6時間加熱した後、さらに105度で30分間の加熱を行い、完全乾燥と酵素失活を行った。得られた畑わさび乾燥物をミルを用いて粉砕し、80メッシュの金網を通して均一な粉体とした。 The field wasabi leaves and 1 kg of field wasabi were dried by sun-drying, further heated at 75 ° C. for 6 hours by an electric low-temperature dryer, and then further heated at 105 ° C. for 30 minutes for complete drying and enzyme deactivation. The obtained dried field wasabi was pulverized using a mill and made into a uniform powder through an 80-mesh wire mesh.
上述で得られた粉体に対して5〜10倍量の無水メタノールで還流下8時間の連続抽出を行った後、200×gで30分間遠心分離を行い、油層を除去した。残渣の溶液を0.22μmの膜フィルターで濾過し、得られた濾液の溶媒を減圧下留去して乾固物約300mg(試料1)を得た。 The powder obtained above was subjected to continuous extraction for 8 hours under reflux with 5 to 10 times the amount of anhydrous methanol, and then centrifuged at 200 × g for 30 minutes to remove the oil layer. The residual solution was filtered through a 0.22 μm membrane filter, and the solvent of the obtained filtrate was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain about 300 mg (sample 1) of a dried solid product.
上述で得られた試料1を古川らの方法(Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communicatons,136,57〜63,1986)に従い、胎生後期(19日齢)Wister系ラット大脳皮質初代アストログリア細胞を5%炭酸ガス培養器中10%牛胎児血清を含むダルベッコ変法イーグル培地(DMEM)で培養(1〜2週間、3日毎に培地を交換)し、コンフルエントに達したところで、0.5%牛血清アルブミンを含むDMEMに変えて数日培養した。ここへジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)に溶解した試料1を所定濃度となるよう、0.5%牛血清アルブミンを含むDMEM中にて調製したものを投与し、24時間培養を行った。培養後、培養液を集め、古川らの方法(Journal of Neurochemistry,40,734〜744,1983)によるエンザイムイムノアッセイ法で神経成長因子濃度を測定した。試料1を投与しないで培養した対照群と試料1を25μg/ml投与して培養した群との間でt検定を行った結果、危険率1%で有効であると検定された。 According to the method of Furukawa et al. (Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communaton, 136, 57-63, 1986), sample 1 obtained as described above was treated with 5% carbon dioxide in primary embryonic astroglial cells in the late embryonic period (19 days old). Culture in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) containing 10% fetal calf serum in an incubator (change medium every 1-2 days for 1 to 2 weeks), and when it reaches confluence, it contains 0.5% bovine serum albumin It changed to DMEM and cultured for several days. The sample 1 dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was administered in DMEM containing 0.5% bovine serum albumin so as to have a predetermined concentration, and cultured for 24 hours. After culturing, the culture broth was collected, and nerve growth factor concentration was measured by an enzyme immunoassay method according to the method of Furukawa et al. (Journal of Neurochemistry, 40, 734 to 744, 1983). As a result of performing t-test between a control group cultured without administration of sample 1 and a group cultured with administration of sample 1 at 25 μg / ml, it was verified to be effective with a risk rate of 1%.
本発明による畑わさび抽出物を得ることで、畑わさびの未利用部分の活用が可能となり、わさび加工産業のゼロエミッションに貢献できるとともに、その抽出物の神経成長因子産生誘導効果は現在増え続けている認知症の予防に役立つと予想されることから、日本人の医療費削減への貢献も期待できる。 By obtaining the field wasabi extract according to the present invention, it becomes possible to utilize the unused portion of field wasabi, contributing to zero emission in the wasabi processing industry, and the effect of the nerve growth factor production induction of the extract continues to increase at present. It is expected to help prevent dementia, so it can be expected to contribute to reducing medical expenses for Japanese people.
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