JP2007244998A - Centrifugal separator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a centrifugal method capable of exfoliating cake from a drum without providing any cake scraper in the drum. <P>SOLUTION: A vessel having a conical inner peripheral face A1 on the inner periphery, and provided with an opening at the end part of a large diameter of the conical inner peripheral face, is used as the drum 40. After forming a cake block C on the inner periphery of the drum 40, then the whole of the cake block in the drum is displaced toward the opening side of the drum 40 by stopping the drum 40 once, to form a space between the outer peripheral face of the cake block and the conical inner peripheral face A1 of the drum 40. After causing cracks in the cake block by enlarging the diameter of the cake bloc by a centrifugal force by increasing the rotational speed of the drum, by reducing the speed of the drum, the cake block is broken to exfoliate its pieces from the drum. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a centrifugal separation method and a centrifugal separator that rotate a drum having a permeation hole in a peripheral wall portion and separate a stock solution into a liquid component and a cake component in the drum.

  As shown in Patent Document 1, the centrifuge includes a drum (basket) having a permeation hole in a peripheral wall portion and a rotation driving device that rotationally drives the drum. A solid-liquid separation process is performed in which the supplied stock solution is separated into a liquid component and a cake component (solid matter, crystals) by centrifugal force. In the solid-liquid separation process, liquid removal is performed through a filter disposed on the inner periphery of the drum, and cake is deposited on the inner periphery of the drum (the inner periphery of the filter). Until the cake block with a predetermined thickness is formed on the inner circumference of the drum, the liquid supply and drainage into the drum are repeated, and the solid-liquid separation is performed when the thickness of the cake layer on the inner circumference of the drum reaches a predetermined value. End the process. After removing the liquid by rotating the drum at high speed, a washing process for washing the cake block formed on the inner circumference of the drum with the washing liquid and a process for removing the liquid to remove the washing liquid are performed. Get a washed cake block.

  After forming the cake block in the drum in this way, a process of peeling the cake block from the drum was performed in order to discharge the cake out of the drum, and then a process of drying the cake in the drum was performed as necessary. Thereafter, the cake in the drum is discharged to the outside using a suction pipe or a discharge chute.

  As described above, in a centrifugal separator, it is necessary to perform a process of peeling the cake block formed in the drum from the drum after performing the solid-liquid separation process. A cake scraping device equipped with a blade was placed in the drum, and the cake was peeled off from the drum by scraping the cake from the cake block with the scraping blade.

  As described above, in the conventional centrifuge, since the cake scraping device is disposed in the drum, it is possible to avoid an increase in the number of mechanical parts disposed in the drum and a complicated configuration in the drum. There wasn't. If many mechanical parts are arranged in the drum, it is not preferable because it takes a lot of time to wash each part of the centrifuge after the processing of one lot is completed. In particular, in a centrifuge used in the field of food and medicines where foreign substances are not allowed to enter the cake, since it is required to carefully clean each part, it is preferable to keep the configuration in the drum as simple as possible. .

  In addition, when a cake is formed in a drum after performing a solid-liquid separation process and then the cake is dried in the same drum, the volume of the cake is reduced when the cake is dried into a powder. However, if a large device such as a cake scraping device is disposed in the drum, the amount of the stock solution that can be processed at one time is limited, which is not preferable.

  When performing the process of drying the cake in the drum, it is preferable that the opening of the drum is sealed with a lid or close to the sealing because the cake dust rises in the drum. When the apparatus is inserted into the drum, it is necessary to keep the opening of the drum open. Therefore, the cake drying process cannot be performed with the opening of the drum sealed.

Therefore, for example, as shown in Patent Document 2, in order to separate the cake remaining on the inner periphery of the drum from the drum, a means for blowing compressed air to the outer periphery of the drum is provided, and this compressed air is used to A cake was proposed in which the cake attached to the periphery was peeled off from the drum.
JP 2005-21852 A JP-A-4-227865

  According to the centrifuge described in Patent Document 2, it is not necessary to arrange a cake scraping device in the drum, so that the configuration in the drum can be simplified.

  However, in a centrifuge that performs a process of separating the stock solution into a liquid part and a cake part, a filter made of a fine mesh, a perforated plate, a cloth, etc. is always arranged on the inner periphery of the drum. It is difficult to peel the cake on the inner periphery of the drum simply by blowing compressed air on the outer periphery of the drum. With the configuration shown in Patent Document 2, it is difficult to reliably peel and crush the cake. Especially when the cake contains a small amount of liquid and the cake is solidified in the inner periphery of the drum and is in the form of a cake block, the cake block can be made by blowing compressed air on the outer periphery of the drum. It is almost impossible to crush it and peel it from the drum.

  The object of the present invention is to simplify the configuration inside the drum by enabling the cake block formed on the inner periphery of the drum to be crushed and peeled off from the drum without disposing a cake scraping device in the drum. It is an object of the present invention to provide a centrifuge that can be used and a centrifuge that is used to carry out the centrifuge.

  The object of the present invention is to perform the process of drying the cake without leaking the cake dust to the outside by closing the opening of the drum when performing the process of drying the cake in the drum. Another object of the present invention is to provide a centrifugal method and a centrifugal separator.

  The present invention provides a solid-liquid separation process in which a permeation hole is formed in a peripheral wall portion and a drum (with a horizontal axis) oriented in the lateral direction is rotated to separate a stock solution into a liquid component and a cake component in the drum. A centrifuge separation process for forming a cake block on the inner periphery of the drum by performing a cake block peeling process for peeling the cake block from the drum and a cake discharging process for discharging the cake in the drum to the outside It is related to.

  In the present invention, a drum block having a conical inner peripheral surface on the inner periphery of the peripheral wall portion and having an opening on the large diameter end side of the conical inner peripheral surface is used as the drum. In the peeling process, the drum is temporarily stopped or decelerated, and the entire cake block in the drum is displaced toward the opening side of the drum, so that the gap between the outer periphery of the cake block and the conical inner surface of the drum is reduced. The process of forming the gap and the rotation speed of the drum is increased, the diameter of the cake block is enlarged by centrifugal force to cause cracks in the cake block, and then the drum is decelerated to cause the cake block to collapse and its fragments And peeling the drum from the drum.

  A cake block that has been sufficiently drained has a considerable rigidity and can be easily displaced by applying a force along the axial direction of the drum by mechanical means. When a horizontal drum having a conical inner peripheral surface on the inner periphery of the peripheral wall portion is used to displace the entire cake block in the drum toward the opening side of the drum, there is a gap between the inner periphery of the drum and the cake block. Is formed. When the drum is rotated in this state, centrifugal force acts on the cake block. As the rotation of the drum is increased, the cake block will eventually be unable to withstand centrifugal force, and its diameter will increase by the gap between the inner periphery of the drum and the cake block, causing cracks in the cake block. If the rotational speed of the drum is further increased in this state, the cake block is held in a fixed state on the inner periphery of the drum. However, if the drum is decelerated immediately after the cake block is cracked, the crack is generated. The cake block is self-disintegrated and easily crushed, peels off from the drum and falls.

  If the cake block can be crushed, the cake block can be made fine by rotating the drum and causing the pieces of cake block to collide with each other, so it is easy to discharge the cake block from the drum. It can be carried out. Further, the cake can be easily dried by taking a means for promoting drying such as blowing hot air into the drum while rotating the drum. When the process of drying the cake in the drum is performed in this manner, the cake pieces are broken into fine particles, and the cake fluidity is increased, so that the cake can be more easily discharged from the drum.

  If the cake is peeled from the drum by the above method, the cake scraping device does not need to be arranged in the drum, so the configuration in the drum is simplified and the centrifuge is easily cleaned and maintained. can do.

  In a preferred aspect of the present invention, a drum having a conical inner peripheral surface on the inner periphery of the peripheral wall portion and having an opening on the large-diameter end side of the conical inner peripheral surface is used. A drum lid that opens and closes the opening of the drum, and a rod-shaped cake holding member that can be displaced in the axial direction of the drum and has a tip disposed near the peripheral wall of the drum when in the drum. Until the formation of the cake block is completed in the solid-liquid separation process, at least a portion near the tip of the cake holding member is buried in the cake block, and the cake holding member is mechanically coupled to the cake block. Then, in the cake block peeling process, the drum is temporarily stopped or decelerated to a slight speed, and the cake holding member is displaced toward the drum opening while the drum opening is kept closed by the drum lid. The entire cake block is displaced to the drum opening side to form a gap between the cake block outer peripheral surface and the drum conical inner peripheral surface, and the drum rotation speed is increased to increase the centrifugal force. The diameter of the cake block is enlarged by causing cracks in the cake block, and then the drum is decelerated to cause the cake block to disintegrate and peel the fragments from the drum. In the cake discharging process, the drum lid is displaced to a position where the opening of the drum is opened, and the cake is discharged to the outside from the opening of the drum.

  In the present invention, since a drum having a conical inner peripheral surface is used, the cake can be easily removed along the inclined surface of the inner periphery of the drum by opening the drum opening and rotating the drum. Can be discharged.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after performing the cake block peeling process, prior to discharging the cake from the drum, a gas dried at a high temperature is supplied into the drum, and the drum is rotated or reversed while the drum is being rotated. A cake drying process is performed to dry the cake.

  When the cake drying process is performed as described above, it is possible to discharge the cake after drying the cake in the drum, so that it is not necessary to separately provide a drying device. If the cake is dried in the drum and then discharged from the drum, the cake becomes fine particles and the fluidity is increased, so that the cake can be easily discharged.

  In the process of peeling the cake block debris from the drum, immediately after detecting that the cake block diameter has expanded by detecting the impact that occurs when the cake block cannot withstand centrifugal force and its diameter expands Preferably, the drum is decelerated rapidly.

  When the cake block is moved in the axial direction of the drum and the drum is rotated with a gap formed between the cake block and the inner periphery of the drum, the cake block remains in the cake until the cake diameter increases. Since the drum is held concentrically with the drum by the holding member, initially the drum rotates without significant vibration, but if the cake block cannot withstand centrifugal force and its diameter is expanded, the drum A big shock works. By detecting this impact, it is possible to detect the timing at which the diameter of the cake block is enlarged and the cake block is cracked.

  In the process of peeling cake block debris from the drum, in order to ensure the peeling of the cake, the cake block is detected by detecting the impact that occurs when the cake block cannot withstand centrifugal force and its diameter increases. After detecting that the diameter has increased, it is preferable to assist the peeling of the cake from the drum by repeating rapid deceleration and rapid acceleration of the drum.

  As described above, a cake holding member in which at least a portion near the tip is buried in the cake block is provided in the drum, and the cake block is moved toward the opening side of the basket by moving the cake holding member. If it can be moved, not only can the cake be disintegrated and detached from the drum during the cake peeling process, but also the supernatant discharge process to shorten the solid-liquid separation process. Can do.

  That is, when a cake block is formed on the inner periphery of the drum during the solid-liquid separation process and the supernatant liquid stays on the inner periphery of the cake block, the drum is temporarily stopped or decelerated. With the drum opening closed with the drum lid, the cake holding member is displaced together with the cake block toward the drum opening to create a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the cake block and the conical inner peripheral surface of the drum. And forming a supernatant liquid discharging process through which the supernatant liquid is discharged through the gap and the permeation hole of the peripheral wall of the drum, and after the supernatant liquid discharging process is completed, the drum is accelerated again and the remaining solid-liquid separation process is performed. It is possible to perform a process (a liquid draining process).

  When the supernatant liquid discharging process is performed in this manner, the time required for the solid-liquid separation process can be shortened, so that the process of separating the stock solution into the cake part and the liquid part can be efficiently performed.

  The present invention also provides a centrifugal separator that separates a stock solution into a liquid part and a cake part by centrifugal force. In the centrifugal separator according to the present invention, the conical inner peripheral surface is provided on the inner periphery of the peripheral wall portion, and an opening is formed on the large-diameter end portion side of the conical surface inner peripheral surface. A plurality of transmission holes are formed in a portion where the planar inner peripheral surface is formed, a drum disposed with its central axis oriented in the lateral direction, a drum lid for opening and closing the opening of the drum, and a peripheral wall portion of the drum A filter arranged along the inner circumferential surface of the conical surface, a rotation driving device for rotating the drum, a cake block formed on the inner circumference of the peripheral wall portion of the drum, and a conical surface on the inner periphery of the peripheral wall portion of the drum And a cake block moving mechanism that displaces the entire cake block to the drum opening side so as to form a gap with the inner circumferential surface. The cake block moving mechanism moves the cake block to the drum opening side. Move the cake block and drum peripheral wall In a state where a gap is formed between the conical surface and the inner peripheral surface, the diameter of the cake block is enlarged by centrifugal force when the drum is rotated, and the cake block is cracked. Yes.

  In a preferred embodiment of the centrifuge according to the present invention, the peripheral wall includes a conical inner peripheral surface and a cylindrical inner peripheral surface whose one end in the axial direction is adjacent to the large-diameter end of the conical inner peripheral surface. An opening is formed on the other end side in the axial direction of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface, and the end portion of the peripheral wall portion is on the small diameter end side of the conical inner peripheral surface. A drum which is closed by the bottom wall and has a plurality of transmission holes formed through the portion of the peripheral wall formed with the conical inner peripheral surface, and the central axis is disposed in the lateral direction; A filter disposed along the inner peripheral surface of the conical surface of the peripheral wall portion, a rotary drive device that rotationally drives the drum, and a cylindrical inner peripheral surface that is provided so as to be displaceable in the axial direction of the drum. The drum opening is closed by closing the drum opening and displacing it to a position that deviates from the cylindrical inner peripheral surface. The drum lid is opened, and the drum lid is connected to the drum lid so as to be displaced in the axial direction of the drum together with the drum lid, and when it is inside the drum, the tip is arranged near the peripheral wall of the drum to complete the formation of the cake block A rod-like cake holding member in which at least a portion near the tip is buried in a cake block in the drum until the end, and a thrust driving device for simultaneously driving the drum lid and the cake holding member in the axial direction of the drum In the state where the drum is temporarily stopped or decelerated, the cake holding member is moved to the end on the large diameter side of the conical inner peripheral surface within the range in which the drum lid is not detached from the cylindrical inner peripheral surface by the thrust driving device. The entire cake block in the drum is displaced toward the opening side of the drum when it is displaced to the side of the drum, and the outer peripheral surface of the cake block and the conical inner peripheral surface of the drum When the drum is rotated in a state where a gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the cake block and the inner peripheral surface of the drum, the diameter of the cake block is increased by centrifugal force. The cake block is cracked.

  In the present invention, instead of providing the cake scraping device in the drum, the cake holding member is provided in the drum. However, since the cake holding member may be a simple rod-shaped member, the cake holding member is provided to provide the drum. The inner structure is not as complicated as when a cake scraping device is provided. Moreover, since the cake holding member may be a rod-shaped member, the cleaning can be easily performed.

  In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, a conical surface-shaped inner peripheral surface and a cylindrical surface-shaped inner peripheral surface whose one end in the axial direction is adjacent to the large-diameter end of the conical surface-shaped inner peripheral surface are arranged in the inner wall portion. An opening is formed on the other end side in the axial direction of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface, and a terminal portion of the peripheral wall portion is on the small diameter end side of the conical inner peripheral surface. A drum which is closed by a bottom wall portion, has a plurality of transmission holes formed through a portion where the conical inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion is formed, and is arranged with a central axis directed laterally; A filter disposed along the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical surface of the peripheral wall portion, a main shaft provided so as to share the central axis with the drum and having a tip coupled to the bottom wall portion of the drum, and inside the main shaft Thrust shaft provided to rotate freely with the main shaft and fixed to the tip of the thrust shaft in the drum The disc-shaped cake peeling plate provided so as to be inscribed in a part of the bottom wall portion of the drum when the thrust shaft is retracted to the limit position opposite to the opening direction of the drum relative to the main shaft. And a plurality of cake peeling members provided so as to project radially from the outer peripheral portion of the cake peeling plate toward the peripheral wall portion of the drum, and a connecting member extending in the axial direction of the drum in the drum. Is connected to the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion of the drum in a process in which the thrust shaft moves backward relative to the main shaft toward the opposite side of the drum opening direction. The cylindrical opening of the peripheral wall portion of the drum is closed in the process of closing the opening of the drum while being fitted to the inner peripheral surface and the thrust shaft is advanced toward the opening direction of the drum relative to the main shaft. Open the drum opening. The drum lid provided in this way, the rod-like cake holding member provided so that the rear end portion is fixed to the connecting member and the front end portion reaches the vicinity of the peripheral wall portion of the drum, and the stock solution and cleaning liquid are contained in the drum A feed pipe that penetrates the axial center of the drum lid in a state that allows rotation of the drum lid to supply fluid, a rotary drive device that rotationally drives the main shaft, and a thrust shaft that moves forward and backward with respect to the main shaft The thrust drive device is driven in such a way that the cake is held within a range in which the drum shaft is stopped or decelerated and the thrust shaft is advanced by the thrust drive device so that the drum lid is not detached from the cylindrical inner peripheral surface. When the member is moved to the drum opening side together with the cake peeling plate, the entire cake block in the drum is displaced to the drum opening side so that the outer peripheral surface of the cake block The drum rotates with a gap formed between the outer peripheral surface of the cake block and the inner peripheral surface of the drum. When it is made, the diameter of a cake block is expanded by centrifugal force, and it is comprised so that a crack may be produced in this cake block.

  In another preferred aspect of the present invention, a plurality of guide rods for guiding the drum lid in a state of projecting in the opening direction of the drum from the end surface on the opening side of the drum are attached.

  In still another preferred aspect of the present invention, a nozzle for spraying the cleaning liquid on the outer periphery of the peripheral wall portion of the drum is disposed outside the drum.

  Further, in order to facilitate the discharge of the cake, a high-pressure gas blowing nozzle that blows the compressed gas toward the permeation hole provided in the peripheral wall portion of the drum can be disposed outside the drum.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the drum has a conical inner peripheral surface on the inner periphery of the peripheral wall portion, and an opening is provided on the large diameter end side of the conical inner peripheral surface. In the process of peeling the cake block, the drum block is temporarily stopped or decelerated, and the entire cake block in the drum is displaced to the drum opening side, so that the outer peripheral surface of the cake block and the conical surface of the drum The process of forming a gap between the inner peripheral surface and the cake by slowing the drum after increasing the rotation speed of the drum and expanding the diameter of the cake block by centrifugal force to cause cracks in the cake block Since the process of breaking the block and peeling the debris from the drum is performed, the cake scraping device can be omitted to simplify the configuration inside the drum, and the centrifuge can be cleaned and maintained. Easy It is possible.

  In the present invention, since the cake scraping device is not inserted into the drum, the opening of the drum can be kept closed in the process prior to the process of discharging the cake from the drum. Therefore, when performing a process of drying the cake in the drum prior to discharging the cake from the drum, it is possible to prevent the cake finely powdered by drying from leaking out of the drum.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
1 to 4 are cross-sectional views showing different operating states of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a state when a drum lid is closed and a solid-liquid separation process is performed, and FIG. 2 moves a cake block. In this case, the drum cover is moved in the axial direction of the drum. FIG. 3 shows a state in which the drum lid for discharging the cake from the drum is moved to open the opening of the drum, and FIG. 4 shows a state in which the drum lid is opened to the limit position for cleaning each part. Yes.

  1 to 4, reference numeral 1 denotes an installation base, and 2 denotes a base frame that is disposed on the installation base 1 and is fixed to the installation base with bolts or the like. A base plate 3 is fixed on the base frame 2, and a lower end of a frame plate 4 arranged so that the base plate 3 and the plate surface are orthogonal to each other is fixed to one end of the base plate 3. One end of a bearing device 5 is supported on the frame plate 4, and the other end of the bearing device 5 is supported on the base plate 3 via a support member 6. The bearing device 5 is provided with bearings 7 and 8, and by these bearings, a hollow main shaft 9 is rotatably supported with its central axis oriented in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction).

  A pulley 10 is attached to the rear end portion of the main shaft 9, and a belt 13 is wound around a pulley 12 and a pulley 10 attached to a rotating shaft of a motor 11 supported on the base plate 3. The motor 11, the pulleys 10 and 12, and the belt 13 constitute a rotational drive device 14 that rotationally drives the main shaft 9.

  A thrust shaft 16 is disposed in the main shaft 9 so as to be freely thrustable. The thrust shaft 16 is splined to the main shaft 9 so as to rotate together with the main shaft 9. A hole 17 is formed in the axial center portion of the thrust shaft 16, and one end of the hole 17 is opened to the end surface of the rear end portion of the thrust shaft 16. A nut 18 is fixed to the rear end portion of the thrust shaft 16, and the nut 18 is slidably fitted into a hole inside the main shaft 9.

  A screw rod 19 having a trapezoidal screw is screwed onto the nut 18, and the screw rod 19 is inserted into the hole 17 in the axial center portion of the thrust shaft 16. A pulley 20 is provided on the rear end side of the main shaft 9. The pulley 20 is rotatably supported relative to the main shaft 9 by means (not shown), and the pulley 20 is fixed to the rear end portion of the screw rod 19. Further, one end is supported by the frame plate 4, and a motor 22 is attached to the frame 21 that is supported by the frame plate 3 via support means (not shown), and a pulley 23 and a pulley 20 that are attached to the rotation shaft of the motor 22 are attached to the frame 21. A belt 24 is wound around.

  In the illustrated example, a thrust driving device 25 that drives the thrust shaft 16 forward and backward with respect to the main shaft 9 by a nut 18, a screw rod 19, a motor 22, pulleys 20 and 23, and a belt 24. Is configured. A centrifuge drive device is constituted by the rotational drive device 14 that rotationally drives the main shaft and the thrust drive device 25 that drives the thrust shaft, and a cover 26 is disposed so as to cover a portion of the drive device. The cover 26 is fixed to the frame plates 3 and 4 by appropriate means, and the other end of a connecting rod 27 having one end screwed to the outer shell of the bearing device 5 is fastened to the upper portion of the cover 26 by a screw 28.

  In the illustrated centrifuge driving device, if only the motor 11 is driven among the motors 11 and 22, the main shaft 9 is rotated by the rotation of the motor 11, and the thrust shaft 16 spline-coupled to the main shaft 9 is the main shaft. 9 and rotated. When the thrust shaft 16 is rotated, the nut 18 is also rotated together with the thrust shaft, and the screw rod 19 screwed into the nut 18 is also rotated. Since the rotation of the screw rod 19 is transmitted to the pulley 23 through the pulley 20 and the belt 24, the rotation shaft of the motor 22 is rotated. In this state, the motor 22 is a load on the motor 11, and the rotation shaft of the motor 22 is rotated by the rotation of the motor 11. As described above, when the motor 22 is rotated by the motor 11, the screw rod 19 rotates together with the nut 18 and the thrust shaft 16, and relative rotation does not occur between the screw rod 19 and the nut 18. Therefore, the thrust shaft 16 does not perform a thrust motion.

  On the other hand, when the motor 22 is driven while the motor 11 is stopped, the screw rod 19 rotates relative to the nut 18, so that the nut 18 moves forward or backward depending on the rotation direction of the motor 22. As the nut 18 advances and retracts, the thrust shaft 16 fixed to the nut advances or retracts. When the motors 11 and 22 are driven simultaneously, the screw rod 19 rotates relative to the nut 18 according to the difference between the rotation speed of the main shaft 9 and the rotation speed of the screw rod 19, and the nut of the screw rod 19 Depending on the direction of rotation relative to 18, the thrust shaft 16 moves forward or backward. At this time, the moving speed of the thrust shaft 16 is proportional to the difference between the rotational speed of the screw rod 19 and the rotational speed of the main shaft 9.

  A flange 30 a provided at one end of a cylindrical casing 30 with the axis line oriented in the horizontal direction is fixed to the frame plate 4, and a front cover 32 can be attached to and detached from the flange plate 31 fixed to the other end of the casing 30. Is attached. A cake discharge chute 33 is provided below the front cover 32. In the lower part of the casing 30, a bulging portion 30 b having a recess for collecting liquid components is formed, and a drainage port 34 is provided in the bulging portion. Reference numeral 34 a denotes a flange provided around the waste liquid port 43 in order to connect the waste liquid pipe to the drain port 34.

  The front end portion of the main shaft 9 reaches a position facing the casing 30, and a drum 40 is attached to the front end portion of the main shaft with the central axis line oriented in the horizontal direction (horizontal direction). The drum 40 used in the present invention includes a peripheral wall portion 41a having a conical inner peripheral surface A1 on the inner periphery, and a bottom wall portion that closes a terminal portion of the peripheral wall portion 41a on the small-diameter end side of the conical inner peripheral surface A1. 41b, a drum main body 41 integrally including a flange 41c projecting outward from an end of the peripheral wall 41a located on the large-diameter end of the conical inner peripheral surface A1, and a peripheral wall of the drum main 41 And a filter pressing member 42 fitted and attached to the inner periphery of the enlarged diameter portion formed adjacent to the end portion on the large diameter side of the inner peripheral surface A1 of the conical surface. The filter pressing member 42 includes a cylindrical portion 42a fitted to the inner periphery of the enlarged diameter portion of the drum body, and a flange portion 42b formed at the tip of the cylindrical portion 42a. The flange portion 42b is a flange of the drum body 41. It is fastened to the portion 41c by a bolt (not shown).

  In the present embodiment, the peripheral wall portion 41a of the drum body 41 constitutes the peripheral wall portion of the drum together with the cylindrical portion 42a of the filter pressing member 42, and the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 42a is the conical inner peripheral surface A1. A cylindrical inner peripheral surface A2 (see FIGS. 2 to 4) whose one end is adjacent to the end portion on the large diameter side. A number of transmission holes h are formed through the portion of the peripheral wall portion 41a of the drum body 41 where the conical inner peripheral surface A1 is formed. The bottom wall portion 41b of the drum body 41, which is also the bottom wall portion of the drum 40, is an annular shape that protrudes inward in the radial direction from the end portion of the peripheral wall portion 41a located on the small diameter end portion side of the conical inner peripheral surface A1. A bottom plate portion 41b1, a conical inclined wall portion 41b2 having a large-diameter side end connected to the inner peripheral portion of the bottom plate portion 41b1, and an end plate portion 41b3 closing the small-diameter side end portion of the inclined wall portion 41b2. The center portion of the end plate portion 41b3 is connected to the tip portion of the main shaft 9.

  Note that the drum 40 used in the present invention includes a conical inner peripheral surface A1 and a cylindrical inner peripheral surface A2 whose one end in the axial direction is adjacent to the large-diameter end of the conical inner peripheral surface. An opening is formed on the other end side in the axial direction of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface A2, and the end portion of the peripheral wall portion on the small diameter end side of the conical inner peripheral surface A1. May be closed by the bottom wall portion, and a plurality of transmission holes h may be formed by penetrating the portion of the peripheral wall portion where the conical inner peripheral surface A1 is formed. It is not limited to examples.

  A filter 45 is arranged in a state of being attached to the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion of the drum 40. The filter 45 is composed of a perforated plate in which countless fine holes are formed in a metal plate, and is arranged in close contact with the cylindrical inner peripheral surface A1, and its end on the small diameter side is the bottom of the drum 40. The wall portion is in contact with the outer peripheral portion, and the end portion on the large diameter side is in contact with the end portion of the cylindrical portion 42 b of the filter pressing member 42.

  The tip of the thrust shaft 16 is introduced into the drum 40, and a cake peeling plate 46 is attached to the tip of the thrust shaft 16 disposed in the drum 40. The cake peeling plate 46 is formed in a disk shape as shown in FIGS. 5A, 5 </ b> B, and 6, and the thrust shaft 16 is open relative to the main shaft 9 in the opening direction of the tip of the drum 40. Is provided so as to be inscribed in a part of the bottom wall portion of the drum 40 when retracted to the limit position on the opposite side. In the illustrated example, when the thrust shaft 16 is retracted to the limit position, the portion near the outer periphery of the cake peeling plate 46 is inscribed in the portion near the inner periphery of the bottom plate portion 44b1.

  One end of a plurality of cake peeling members 47 projecting and extending radially toward the peripheral wall portion of the drum 40 is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the cake peeling plate 46. As shown in FIGS. 5 to 7, each cake peeling member 47 is composed of a rod-shaped member formed in a regular triangular prism shape, and one vertex (one ridge line) of the regular triangle in the cross section is formed. It faces toward the bottom plate 41b1 of the drum and is provided so that one side faces the opening side of the drum 40. A plurality of cake peeling members 47 may be provided, but in a preferred example, 6 to 12 cake peeling members 47 (eight in the illustrated example) are provided at equiangular intervals.

  A drum lid 51 is connected to the cake peeling plate 46 via a plurality of rod-like connecting members 50 extending in the axial direction of the drum 40. Six to twelve connecting members 50 (eight in the illustrated example) are provided, one end of which is fixed to the cake peeling plate 46 and the other end is fixed to the drum lid 51.

  The drum lid 51 includes a cylindrical portion 51a that can be fitted to the cylindrical inner peripheral surface A2 of the drum, and a disc portion 51b that closes one end of the cylindrical portion 51a in the axial direction, and the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 51a. The disc portion 51 b is fixed to the other end of the connecting member 50 with one end thereof facing toward the bottom wall portion of the drum 40. As shown in FIG. 1, when the thrust shaft 16 is retracted to the limit position and the cake peeling plate 46 is brought into contact with the bottom plate portion 41b1 of the drum 40, the cylindrical portion 51a of the drum lid 51 is The connecting member 50 is fitted to the cylindrical inner peripheral surface A2 of the drum 40 so that one end in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 51a reaches a position adjacent to the large-diameter end of the conical inclined surface A1. The length is set.

  In the present embodiment, the thrust shaft 16 and the thrust shaft driving motor 22 constitute a thrust driving device that simultaneously drives the drum lid and the cake holding member in the axial direction of the drum.

  In the present embodiment, the cake block formed on the inner periphery of the peripheral wall portion of the drum 40 by the thrust shaft 16, the thrust driving device 25, the cake peeling plate 46, the connecting member 50, and the cake holding member 52 A cake block moving mechanism for displacing the entire cake block to the opening side of the drum 40 is formed so as to form a gap between the inner peripheral surface A1 of the inner peripheral surface of the drum and the conical surface.

  Although not shown, an O-ring interposed between the cylindrical portion and the cylindrical inner peripheral surface A2 of the drum is attached to the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion 51a of the drum lid 51. When the opening of 40 is in a closed state, the O-ring provides a seal between the drum lid and the cylindrical inner peripheral surface A2 of the drum. This prevents leakage of liquid and cake powder.

  Each connecting member 50 also has a plurality of (two in the illustrated example) rod-like cakes that extend in the shape of a square in the radial direction of the drum 40 and whose tip reaches a position in front of the inner peripheral surface of the drum. The holding member 52 is attached at an interval in the axial direction of the drum 40. In the illustrated example, the cake holding member 52 is formed of a round bar, but the cake holding member 52 may be configured by a triangular prism, prismatic, or strip-shaped member.

  The drum lid 51 is fitted to the cylindrical inner peripheral surface A2 of the peripheral wall portion of the drum 40 in the process in which the thrust shaft 16 is retracted toward the opposite side of the opening direction of the drum 40 relative to the main shaft 9. The opening of the drum is closed, and the thrust shaft 16 moves away from the inner peripheral surface A2 of the inner periphery of the peripheral wall of the drum 40 in the process of moving forward in the opening direction of the drum 40 relative to the main shaft 9. Then, the opening of the drum 40 is opened. The opening of the drum 40 is kept closed while the drum lid 51 is fitted to the cylindrical inner peripheral surface A2.

  A feed pipe 55 is provided to supply the stock solution and the cleaning solution into the drum 40 and to supply a high-temperature gas for drying. One end of the feed pipe 55 is connected to a fluid supply source such as a stock solution supply tank (not shown) via a pipe joint 56 attached to the front surface of the front cover 32, and the other end of the feed pipe 55 allows the drum lid 51 to rotate. In the state, it passes through the axial center portion of the drum lid 51. In order not to prevent the high-speed rotation of the drum, an appropriate gap is formed between the feed pipe 55 and the inner periphery of the hole through which the feed pipe passes. A hole 57 for receiving the tip of the feed pipe 55 when the thrust shaft 16 moves forward is formed in the shaft center portion on the tip side of the thrust shaft 16.

  A plurality of guide bars 58 for guiding the drum lid 51 are attached in a state of projecting in the opening direction of the drum 40 from the end surface on the opening side of the drum 40. The guide bar 58 is formed of a round bar or a square bar, one end of which is fixed to the end surface on the opening side of the drum 40, and the drum lid 51 is removed from the cylindrical inner peripheral surface A 2 of the drum 40 to open the opening of the drum 40. After opening, the drum lid 51 is slidably in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the drum lid 51 in the process of further displacement toward the front side in the opening direction of the drum. About 6 to 12 guide rods 58 are preferably provided around the drum lid 51 at equiangular intervals.

  In order to inject the cleaning liquid into the casing 30, the cleaning liquid injection nozzle 60 is attached to the upper part of the casing 30, and the cleaning liquid injection nozzles 61 and 62 are attached to the upper part and the front surface of the front cover 32, respectively, It has been. In order to prevent the cake powder from entering between the thrust shaft 16 and the main shaft 9, the expansion and contraction surrounding the thrust shaft 16 is made between the inner surface of the bottom wall portion of the drum 40 and the central portion of the cake peeling plate 46. A joint pipe 65 is attached.

  In the centrifuge of this embodiment, it is assumed that the inclination of the conical inner peripheral surface A1 is 1/10. In this case, the axial length of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface A2 is set to 70 to 80 mm. The length of the guide bar 58 is set to 130 to 150 mm, and the cake holding member 52 is provided so that the tip thereof reaches a position of 1 to 3 cm before the filter 45 on the inner periphery of the drum.

  When performing the process of separating the stock solution into cake and liquid using the above centrifugal separator, the drum lid 51 is fitted to the cylindrical inner peripheral surface A2 of the drum 40 as shown in FIG. Then, the drum opening is closed, and the motor 11 is driven to rotate the drum 40 at a high speed. In this state, the stock solution is supplied into the drum 40 through the feed pipe 55.

  The stock solution supplied into the drum 40 is separated into a liquid component and a cake component by centrifugal force, and the liquid component is discharged into the casing 30 through the fine holes of the filter 45 and the permeation holes h in the peripheral wall portion of the drum. . The liquid discharged into the casing 30 is discharged outside through the liquid discharge port 34. Cake accumulates on the inner periphery of the peripheral wall of the drum 40. As the cake accumulates, the liquid removal is performed through the cake, so the liquid removal speed decreases. When a predetermined amount of cake is deposited on the inner periphery of the drum, and the thickness of the cake layer on the inner periphery of the drum reaches a predetermined value (the maximum value in the thickness range that does not interfere with liquid removal), Stop supplying the stock solution to. The thickness of the cake layer formed in the drum can be estimated based on the result of an experiment examining the relationship between the amount of the stock solution supplied into the drum and the thickness of the cake layer. Therefore, the timing of stopping the supply of the stock solution into the drum can be managed by measuring the amount of the stock solution supplied through the feed pipe 55.

  After the supply of the stock solution into the drum 40 is stopped, the liquid is removed while maintaining the state where the drum 40 is rotated at a high speed to reduce the amount of the liquid remaining in the cake. When the amount of liquid remaining in the cake is sufficiently reduced, the solid-liquid separation process is terminated. The timing for ending the solid-liquid separation process can be managed by causing a timer to measure a time obtained in advance as a time when the liquid removal may be completed. In the process of increasing the thickness of the cake layer in the solid-liquid separation process, the cake holding member 52 is buried in the cake layer, and the mechanical coupling between the cake layer and the cake holding member 52 becomes stronger.

  In the solid-liquid separation process, when the solid-liquid separation proceeds and the cake block C is formed on the inner periphery of the peripheral wall portion of the drum, the supernatant liquid stays on the inner peripheral side of the cake block, It may take a long time for the supernatant liquid to leave the permeation hole in the peripheral wall of the drum through the cake block. According to the centrifugal separator according to the present invention, when such a state occurs, the time required for performing the solid-liquid separation process can be shortened by performing the supernatant liquid discharging process for quickly discharging the supernatant liquid. Can do.

  That is, when the cake block C is formed on the inner periphery of the drum 40 in the solid-liquid separation process and the supernatant liquid stays on the inner periphery side of the cake block, the drum is temporarily stopped or the speed is reduced to a very low speed. In a decelerated state, the cake holding member is displaced to the drum opening side together with the cake block while the drum opening is closed with the drum lid, so that the outer peripheral surface of the cake block and the conical inner peripheral surface of the drum are A gap is formed in between, and a supernatant liquid discharging process is performed to discharge the supernatant liquid through the gap and the permeation hole of the peripheral wall portion 41a. After the supernatant liquid discharging process is completed, the drum is accelerated again to perform a solid-liquid separation process. It is also possible to carry out the remaining process (liquid removal process).

  After the liquid removal process in the solid-liquid separation process is completed, a cleaning liquid such as pure water is supplied into the drum through the feed pipe 55, and the cake is cleaned by performing liquid removal through the cake layer. When a predetermined cleaning time has elapsed, supply of the cleaning liquid into the drum is stopped. The time for supplying the cleaning liquid can be determined according to the amount of cake estimated from the time for supplying the stock solution into the drum first.

  After the supply of the cleaning liquid into the drum is stopped, the drum is drained by rotating the drum at a high speed until the moisture content of the cake becomes sufficiently small. By setting the time for draining the cleaning liquid longer than the liquid draining time estimated based on the experimental results, sufficient liquid draining can be performed.

  After the cake is washed, if the liquid is sufficiently removed, a cake block C having a predetermined thickness is formed on the inner periphery of the drum. At this time, as shown in FIG. 7, the portion near the tip of each cake holding member 52 is buried in the cake block C, and the cake block is mechanically coupled to the cake holding member 52.

  After finishing the drum cleaning and draining, a cake peeling process is performed to peel the cake block formed in the drum from the drum. In this cake peeling process, the drum 40 is temporarily stopped and the cake holding member 52 is displaced by a predetermined amount toward the opening of the drum 40 while the opening of the drum 40 is closed by the drum lid 51. The entire cake block C in 40 is displaced to the opening side of the drum 40, and a gap G is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the cake block C and the conical inner peripheral surface A1 of the drum 40 as shown in FIG. The process of forming and increasing the rotational speed of the drum 40 to enlarge the diameter of the cake block C by centrifugal force to cause innumerable cracks b in the cake block as shown in FIG. The process of collapsing the cake block C by decelerating and peeling the fragments from the drum 40 is performed.

  When the drum 40 is temporarily stopped in the cake peeling process and the cake holding member 52 is displaced to the opening side of the drum 40 while the opening of the drum 40 is closed by the drum lid 51, the cake block C Is mechanically coupled to the cake holding member 52 and the cake peeling member 47 is engaged with the end of the cake block, so that the entire cake block C is displaced toward the drum opening along the axial direction of the drum. A gap G is formed between the outer periphery of the cake block C and the conical inner peripheral surface A1 of the drum (strictly speaking, the inner peripheral surface of the filter 45). The movement amount of the cake block C is set to be shorter than the axial length (70 mm to 80 mm) of the cylindrical inner peripheral surface A2 of the inner periphery of the drum 40, and the drum lid 51 is the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the drum. The cake block C is moved within a range that does not deviate from the surface A2. In this example, since the inclination of the conical inner peripheral surface A1 on the inner periphery of the drum is set to 1/10, assuming that the amount of movement of the cake block is 50 mm, the outer peripheral surface of the cake block C and the cone of the drum A gap G of 5 mm is formed between the planar inner peripheral surface A1.

  When the drum 40 is rotated in a state where the gap G is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the cake block C and the conical inner peripheral surface A1 of the drum as described above, the cake block C initially becomes the cake block holding member 52. Since the drum 40 smoothly rotates together with the cake block C without vibration, the cake block C cannot withstand centrifugal force as the rotational speed of the drum increases. As shown in FIG. 9, the diameter is expanded by the gap G, and innumerable cracks b are formed in the entire cake block. At the moment when the diameter of the cake block C cannot withstand centrifugal force and the diameter of the cake block C increases, an impact is applied to the drum 40 and abnormal noise and vibration are generated. Therefore, it is easy to detect that the diameter of the cake block has increased. Can do.

  If the drum 40 continues to rotate after the diameter of the cake block is increased, the cake block is kept pressed against the inner periphery of the drum by centrifugal force, and the cake block does not peel from the drum. If the drum 40 is suddenly decelerated immediately after it is detected that the cake has expanded, the centrifugal force acting on the cake block disappears. Therefore, the cake block with innumerable cracks is easily self-collapsed and peeled off from the drum 40. It falls to the part under 40.

  After the cake is peeled from the drum in this way, the drum 40 is slowly rotated in one direction, or an operation consisting of rotation in one direction and rapid deceleration and rotation in another direction and rapid deceleration is performed in one cycle. As a reversal operation, if this is repeated for a plurality of cycles, the collapsed cake is lifted together with the inner periphery of the drum and then reversed and falls, and in the middle of the fall, it hits a large number of cake holding members 52 existing in the basket. Then, it is gradually broken up and subdivided. In the centrifugal separator according to the present invention, there are a large number of cake holding members 52 in the drum 40, and the inverted cake hits these cake holding members and is crushed. By changing the number and shape of the cake holding members 52, the size of cake pieces formed when the cake self-collapses and the rotational speed of the drum when the cake is crushed can be adjusted. By devising the number of cake holding members 52 and the shape of the cake holding members 52, the cake can be finely crushed with the drum rotated at a low rotation speed.

  Thus, the cake can be dried in the drum by supplying the hot air dried from the feed pipe 55 into the drum 40 while inverting the cake in the drum 40. The hot air supplied into the drum through the feed pipe 55 is discharged out of the drum through the hole formed in the filter 45 and the transmission hole h in the peripheral wall portion of the drum 40. Although not shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, an air injection nozzle is provided outside the drum 40, and when hot air is supplied into the drum through the feed pipe 55, If the drum is heated by blowing air, the cake can be dried efficiently.

  When the cake is dried as described above, the cake is refined by itself to become a dry fine powder, and fluidity is improved. Whether or not the cake has been dried can be determined by measuring the humidity of the air discharged from the drum. That is, when the humidity of the air discharged from the drum falls below the set determination value, it can be determined that the cake drying process has been completed.

  When the cake drying process is completed and the cake becomes fine powder and the fluidity is improved, the thrust shaft 16 is advanced about 100 mm to bring the drum lid 51 into the cylindrical surface of the drum 40 as shown in FIG. The drum is opened from the peripheral surface A2, and a gap of 50 to 70 mm is formed between the opening end of the drum 40 and the drum lid 51. When a gap is formed between the opening end of the drum 40 and the drum lid 51 in this way, the powdered cake flows down on the inclined surface of the inner periphery of the drum and enters the chute 33 from the lower part of the opening of the drum 40. Dropped and transported to the outside. At this time, if the drum 40 is rotated slowly, discharge of cake powder can be assisted, and the amount of cake remaining in the cake can be reduced. If the cake remains in the vicinity of the lower part of the opening of the drum 40, the compressed air is blown into the drum 40 through the feed pipe 55, and then flows into the drum and then flows out from the opening on the large diameter side of the drum. It is preferable that the remaining cake be blown off by this air flow.

  Also, a mechanism for tilting the entire centrifuge (for example, a mechanism for tilting the frame plate 3 with respect to the base frame 2) is provided, and when the cake is discharged from the drum, the opening direction of the opening of the drum 40 Can be easily discharged from the drum by inclining obliquely downward with respect to the horizontal direction (inclination of the portion of the inner peripheral surface of the drum 40 where the cake flows). .

  The cake dropped through the chute 33 is carried out of the machine by appropriate conveying means (not shown) such as a screw conveyor, a suction pipe, and a conveying device using high-pressure air.

  In the above description, the cake is dried in the drum and then the drum lid is opened to discharge the cake to the outside of the drum. However, the moisture content of the cake block C is sufficiently small, and the cake is peeled off from the drum and crushed. If the cake has a certain degree of fluidity, the drum lid 51 is opened without rotating the cake, and the cake is drummed while rotating the drum 40 at a low speed or repeating rotation, rapid deceleration and reversal. It can also be made to move along the inclined surface of the inner periphery and discharge to the outside. At this time, the cake adhering to the inner periphery of the drum 40 is lifted as the drum rotates. The lifted cake falls when it reaches a certain height, and in the middle of the fall, the cake is square. By being in contact with a large number of cake holding members 52 existing in a protruding state, they are crushed and refined. Thus, the cake holding member 52 also has an action of making the cake finer when discharging the cake. If the cake can be refined, the cake can be easily discharged by supplying compressed air into the drum through the feed pipe 55.

  When the inside of the apparatus is cleaned after the processing of one lot of stock solution is completed, the thrust shaft 16 is further advanced as shown in FIG. 4 to displace the drum lid 51 to the limit position on the open side. In this state, the interior of the machine is cleaned by spraying cleaning liquid or steam from the spray nozzles 60 to 62. In addition, the number and arrangement | positioning location of an injection nozzle are not limited to the example of illustration. What is necessary is just to set suitably the number and installation location of an injection nozzle so that it may wash | clean effectively.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 4, with the casing 30 and the front cover 32 removed, the drum lid 51 is displaced to the limit position, thereby performing a swab test on each part (a test for wiping each part with a cloth or the like to check for contamination). ) And visual confirmation can be easily performed.

  As described above, in the present invention, the drum 40 has the conical inner peripheral surface A1 on the inner periphery of the peripheral wall portion, and the opening is provided on the large diameter end side of the conical inner peripheral surface. In the process of stripping the cake block, the drum is temporarily stopped or decelerated, and the entire cake block C in the drum is displaced toward the opening of the drum so that the outer peripheral surface of the cake block and the drum cone The process of forming a gap G between the planar inner peripheral surface and the drum speed is increased by increasing the rotational speed of the drum and expanding the diameter of the cake block by centrifugal force to cause cracks in the cake block. Thus, the cake block is disintegrated and the process of peeling the fragments from the drum is performed, so there is no need to arrange a cake scraping device in the drum. Moreover, the cake scraping device is not necessary because the cake can be discharged using the inclined surface of the inner periphery of the drum without inserting a cake discharging means such as a suction pipe into the drum. Thus, the configuration in the drum can be simplified, and the centrifuge can be easily cleaned and maintained.

  FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the main part of another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, a cleaning liquid ejecting apparatus 70 including a large number of nozzles that sprays the cleaning liquid on the outer periphery of the peripheral wall portion of the drum is disposed outside the drum 40. When such a cleaning liquid ejecting apparatus is provided, the cleaning liquid is blown from the ejecting apparatus to the outer periphery of the drum, so that the cleaning liquid flows through the permeation hole h in the peripheral wall portion of the drum, and the back surface of the filter 45 or the cone of the drum 40. The planar inner peripheral surface A1 can be cleaned.

  In the above description, the cake block C is moved to the opening side of the drum 40 after the drum is stopped in the cake peeling process. However, the cake block C is moved with the drum rotated at a low speed of about 100 rpm. Then, after forming a gap between the outer periphery of the cake block and the conical inner peripheral surface A1 of the drum, the diameter of the cake block is expanded and collapsed by increasing the rotational speed of the drum. Also good.

  In the above embodiment, the inclination (gradient) of the conical inner peripheral surface of the drum is 1/10, but the inclination of the conical inner peripheral surface is not limited to the above example. When the cake block is displaced in the opening direction of the drum, the gap formed between the outer periphery of the cake block and the drum's conical inner surface is caused by the centrifugal force. It must be large enough to cause cracks in the block, and when the crushed cake is discharged out of the drum, the cake can flow smoothly and be transferred to the opening side of the drum, and the drum cone What is necessary is just to set so that the extreme difference in the thickness of a cake block may not arise on the small diameter side and large diameter side of a shape internal peripheral surface. The inclination of the conical inner peripheral surface of the drum is usually set to an appropriate angle in the range of 5 ° to 15 ° expressed by the inclination angle of the inner peripheral surface (inclination angle with respect to the drum axis).

  In the above embodiment, two bar-shaped cake holding members 52 are attached to each connecting member 50, but the number of cake holding members attached to each connecting member is arbitrary. For example, a number of cake holding members corresponding to the length of each connecting member can be attached to each connecting member at intervals of 5 to 8 cm.

  In the above embodiment, the filter 45 is a metal plate formed by forming a perforated plate with countless fine holes formed so as to follow the conical surface. However, a filter made of a wire mesh or cloth can also be used. .

In one embodiment of the present invention, it is a sectional view showing a state when a drum lid is closed and a solid-liquid separation process is performed. In one Embodiment of this invention, in order to move a cake block, it is sectional drawing which shows the state which moved the drum cover to the axial direction of the drum. In one Embodiment of this invention, in order to discharge a cake from a drum, it is sectional drawing which showed the state which moved the drum cover and opened the opening part of the drum. In one Embodiment of this invention, in order to wash | clean each part, it is sectional drawing which showed the state which opened the drum cover to the limit position. (A) is the VV sectional view taken on the line of FIG. 1, (B) is the rear view which looked at the cake peeling plate seeing from the bottom wall part side of the drum. FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 5B viewed from the Z direction. It is sectional drawing which showed typically the state in which the cake block was formed in the inner periphery of the drum in the method of this invention. In the method of the present invention, the cake block is moved to the opening side of the drum, and a sectional view schematically showing a state where a gap is formed between the outer periphery of the cake block and the conical inner peripheral surface of the drum. is there. In the centrifugal separation method of the present invention, when the rotational speed of the drum is increased with a gap formed between the outer periphery of the cake block and the conical inner peripheral surface of the drum, the cake block can withstand centrifugal force. It is sectional drawing which showed typically the state which lost and expanded the diameter. It is sectional drawing which showed the principal part of other embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 9 Main shaft 11 Main shaft drive motor 16 Thrust shaft 22 Thrust shaft drive motor 40 Drum 46 Cake peeling plate 50 Connection member 51 Drum lid 52 Cake holding member A1 Conical surface inner peripheral surface A2 Cylindrical inner surface 55 Feed pipe

Claims (12)

By rotating a drum having a permeation hole in the peripheral wall portion and having the central axis oriented in the lateral direction, a solid-liquid separation process is performed in which the stock solution is separated into a liquid component and a cake component. In the centrifugal separation method of performing a cake block peeling process for peeling the cake block from the drum and a cake discharging process for discharging the cake in the drum to the outside after forming the cake block on the periphery,
As the drum, a drum having a conical inner peripheral surface on the inner periphery of the peripheral wall portion and having an opening on the large diameter end side of the conical inner peripheral surface is used.
In the cake block peeling process, the drum is temporarily stopped or decelerated, and the entire cake block in the drum is displaced toward the opening side of the drum, whereby the outer peripheral surface of the cake block and the conical surface of the drum A process of forming a gap between the inner peripheral surface and the rotation speed of the drum is increased, the diameter of the cake block is increased by centrifugal force to cause cracks in the cake block, and then the drum is decelerated. To disintegrate the cake block and peel the debris from the drum,
A centrifugation method characterized by the above. By rotating a drum having a permeation hole in the peripheral wall portion and having the central axis oriented in the lateral direction, a solid-liquid separation process is performed in which the stock solution is separated into a liquid component and a cake component. In the centrifugal separation method of performing a cake block peeling process for peeling the cake block from the drum and a cake discharging process for discharging the cake in the drum to the outside after forming the cake block on the periphery,
As the drum, a drum having a conical inner peripheral surface on the inner periphery of the peripheral wall portion and having an opening on the large diameter end side of the conical surface inner peripheral surface is used. A drum lid that opens and closes, and a rod-shaped cake holding member that can be displaced in the axial direction of the drum and has a tip disposed near the peripheral wall of the drum when in the drum,
Until the formation of the cake block in the solid-liquid separation process is completed, at least a portion near the tip of the cake holding member is buried in the cake block, and the cake holding member is mechanically coupled to the cake block,
In the cake block peeling process, the drum is temporarily stopped or decelerated, and the cake holding member is displaced toward the drum opening while the drum opening is closed with the drum lid. Displacing the entire cake block in the drum toward the opening side of the drum to form a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the cake block and the conical inner peripheral surface of the drum, and the rotation of the drum The process of increasing the speed and enlarging the diameter of the cake block by centrifugal force to cause cracks in the cake block, and then decelerating the drum to collapse the cake block and peeling the fragments from the drum. Done
In the cake discharging process, displacing the drum lid to a position where the opening of the drum is opened, and discharging the cake to the outside from the opening of the drum,
A centrifugation method characterized by the above. By rotating a drum having a permeation hole in the peripheral wall portion and having the central axis oriented in the lateral direction, a solid-liquid separation process is performed in which the stock solution is separated into a liquid component and a cake component. In the centrifugal separation method of performing a cake block peeling process for peeling the cake block from the drum and a cake discharging process for discharging the cake in the drum to the outside after forming the cake block on the periphery,
As the drum, a drum having a conical inner peripheral surface on the inner periphery of the peripheral wall portion and having an opening on the large diameter end side of the conical surface inner peripheral surface is used. A drum lid that opens and closes, and a rod-shaped cake holding member that can be displaced in the axial direction of the drum and has a tip disposed near the peripheral wall of the drum when in the drum,
Until the formation of the cake block in the solid-liquid separation process is completed, at least a portion near the tip of the cake holding member is buried in the cake block, and the cake holding member is mechanically coupled to the cake block,
When a cake block is formed on the inner periphery of the drum during the solid-liquid separation process, and the supernatant liquid stays on the inner periphery of the cake block, the drum is temporarily stopped or decelerated. The outer periphery of the cake block and the conical inner periphery of the drum are moved by displacing the cake holding member together with the cake block toward the opening of the drum while the opening of the drum is closed with the drum lid. Forming a gap between the surface and performing a supernatant liquid discharging process of discharging the supernatant liquid through the gap and the permeation hole of the peripheral wall portion;
After the supernatant discharge process is completed, the drum is accelerated again to perform the remaining steps of the solid-liquid separation process,
In the cake block peeling process, the drum is temporarily stopped or decelerated, and the cake holding member is displaced toward the drum opening while the drum opening is closed with the drum lid. Displacing the entire cake block in the drum toward the opening side of the drum to form a gap between the outer peripheral surface of the cake block and the conical inner peripheral surface of the drum, and the rotation of the drum The process of increasing the speed and enlarging the diameter of the cake block by centrifugal force to cause cracks in the cake block, and then decelerating the drum to collapse the cake block and peeling the fragments from the drum. Done
In the cake discharging process, displacing the drum lid to a position where the opening of the drum is opened, and discharging the cake to the outside from the opening of the drum,
A centrifugation method characterized by the above.   After performing the cake block peeling process, prior to discharging the cake from the drum, supplying hot dry gas into the drum and drying the cake in the drum while rotating or reversing the drum The centrifugation method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a cake drying process is performed.   In the cake block peeling process, the drum block is suddenly decelerated immediately after detecting that the cake block diameter has expanded by detecting the impact that occurs when the cake block cannot withstand centrifugal force and its diameter increases. The centrifugation method according to claim 2, 3 or 4.   In the cake block peeling process, after detecting that the diameter of the cake block has expanded by detecting the impact generated when the cake block cannot withstand centrifugal force and its diameter increases, the drum is suddenly decelerated and suddenly stopped. The centrifugal separation method according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the peeling of the cake from the drum is assisted by repeating acceleration. In the centrifuge that separates the stock solution into liquid and cake by centrifugal force,
Having a conical inner peripheral surface on the inner periphery of the peripheral wall, an opening is formed on the large diameter end side of the conical inner peripheral surface, and a conical inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall is formed. A drum in which a large number of transmission holes are formed in the portion, and the central axis is oriented in the lateral direction;
A drum lid for opening and closing the opening of the drum;
A filter disposed along a conical inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion of the drum;
A rotational drive device for rotationally driving the drum;
The entire cake block is opened to the drum so as to form a gap between the cake block formed on the inner periphery of the peripheral wall portion of the drum and the conical inner peripheral surface of the inner peripheral surface of the drum peripheral wall portion. A cake block moving mechanism to be displaced to the part side,
Comprising
The cake block is moved to the opening side of the drum by the cake block moving mechanism, and the drum is rotated in a state where a gap is formed between the cake block and the conical inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion of the drum. The diameter of the cake block is increased by centrifugal force when the cake block is configured to cause cracks in the cake block,
Centrifuge characterized by. In the centrifuge that separates the stock solution into liquid and cake by centrifugal force,
The cylindrical surface has a conical surface inner peripheral surface and a cylindrical surface inner peripheral surface with one end in the axial direction adjacent to an end portion on the large diameter side of the conical surface inner peripheral surface. An opening is formed on the other end side in the axial direction of the inner circumferential surface, and a terminal portion of the circumferential wall portion is closed by a bottom wall portion on the small-diameter end side of the conical inner circumferential surface, and the circumferential wall A drum in which a large number of transmission holes are formed by penetrating the portion where the conical inner peripheral surface of the portion is formed, and the central axis is oriented in the lateral direction;
A filter disposed along a conical inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion of the drum;
A rotational drive device for rotationally driving the drum;
The drum is closed so that it can be displaced in the axial direction of the drum and is fitted to the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical surface, and the opening of the drum is closed, and is displaced to a position away from the inner circumferential surface of the cylindrical surface. A drum lid to open the opening of the drum by
Together with the drum lid, it is connected to the drum lid so as to be displaced in the axial direction of the drum, and when it is inside the drum, the tip is arranged near the peripheral wall of the drum, and the formation of the cake block is completed A rod-like cake holding member in which at least the portion near the tip is buried in the cake block in the drum,
A thrust driving device for simultaneously driving the drum lid and the cake holding member in the axial direction of the drum,
The cake holding member is placed on the larger diameter side of the conical inner peripheral surface within a range in which the drum lid is not detached from the cylindrical inner peripheral surface by the thrust driving device while the drum is temporarily stopped or decelerated. When the entire cake block in the drum is displaced toward the opening side of the drum, the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the cake block and the conical inner peripheral surface of the drum is A gap is formed,
When the drum is rotated in a state where a gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the cake block and the inner peripheral surface of the drum, the diameter of the cake block is expanded by centrifugal force, and the cake block is cracked. Is configured to cause
Centrifuge characterized by. In the centrifuge that separates the stock solution into liquid and cake by centrifugal force,
The cylindrical surface has a conical surface inner peripheral surface and a cylindrical surface inner peripheral surface with one end in the axial direction adjacent to an end portion on the large diameter side of the conical surface inner peripheral surface. An opening is formed on the other end side in the axial direction of the inner circumferential surface, and a terminal portion of the circumferential wall portion is closed by a bottom wall portion on the small-diameter end side of the conical inner circumferential surface, and the circumferential wall A drum in which a large number of transmission holes are formed by penetrating the portion where the conical inner peripheral surface of the portion is formed, and the central axis is oriented in the lateral direction;
A filter disposed along the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion of the drum;
A main shaft provided so as to share a central axis with the drum and having a tip coupled to a bottom wall portion of the drum;
A thrust shaft provided inside the main shaft to be freely thrustable and to rotate together with the main shaft;
A part of the bottom wall of the drum when the thrust shaft is fixed to the tip of the thrust shaft in the drum and retracts to a limit position opposite to the opening direction of the drum relative to the main shaft. A disc-shaped cake peeling plate provided so as to be inscribed in,
A plurality of cake peeling members provided to project radially from the outer peripheral portion of the cake peeling plate toward the peripheral wall portion of the drum;
The drum is connected to the cake peeling plate via a connecting member extending in the axial direction of the drum, and the thrust shaft moves backward relative to the main shaft in the direction opposite to the opening direction of the drum. In the process, the drum is fitted into the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion, and the drum opening is closed while the drum is fitted into the cylindrical inner peripheral surface. A drum lid provided so as to separate from the cylindrical inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion of the drum and open the opening portion of the drum in the process of relatively moving forward in the opening direction of the drum;
A rod-like cake holding member provided such that a rear end portion is fixed to the connecting member and a front end portion reaches the vicinity of the peripheral wall portion of the drum;
A feed pipe that penetrates the axial center of the drum lid in a state that allows rotation of the drum lid to supply a fluid containing a stock solution and a cleaning liquid into the drum;
A rotational drive device for rotationally driving the main shaft;
A thrust drive that drives the thrust shaft to move forward and backward relative to the main shaft;
Comprising
While the drum is temporarily stopped or decelerated, the cake holding member is moved to the cake peeling plate within a range in which the thrust shaft is advanced by the thrust driving device and the drum lid is not separated from the cylindrical inner peripheral surface. And the entire cake block in the drum is displaced to the opening side of the drum when displaced toward the opening side of the drum, and the outer peripheral surface of the cake block and the conical inner peripheral surface of the drum When the drum is rotated in a state where a gap is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the cake block and the inner peripheral surface of the drum, a centrifugal force is generated. The cake block is configured such that the diameter of the cake block is expanded to cause cracks in the cake block;
Centrifuge characterized by. A plurality of guide bars for guiding the drum lid in a state of projecting in an opening direction of the drum from an end surface on the opening side of the drum;
A centrifuge according to any one of claims 7 to 9. A nozzle that sprays cleaning liquid on the outer periphery of the peripheral wall of the drum is disposed outside the drum;
The centrifuge according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein: A high-pressure gas blowing nozzle that blows compressed gas toward a perforation hole provided in the peripheral wall of the drum is disposed outside the drum;
The centrifuge according to any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein:

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