JP2007243938A - Radio relay device, and current and auxiliary device switching method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To switch to an auxiliary device, when a failure occurs in current device, and to switch from the current device to the auxiliary device, if a change in propagation condition with a counter device occurs. <P>SOLUTION: A radio relay device for opposite communications includes a current transmitter and an auxiliary transmitter, which perform multi-value modulation of first and second different modulation multi-value numbers; a current receiver and an auxiliary receiver which perform demodulation for the modulation signal modulated with first and second modulation value numbers; and a switching means for switching the current device by using the conditions for the condition of using the auxiliary transmitter or auxiliary receiver, if at least one of the current transmitter and current receiver breaks down. Even if the propagation condition is deteriorated, the switching means switches a state of using the condition of the auxiliary transmitter and receiver. In addition, according to the change in the propagation condition, transmission power fed to other opposite relay devices or transmission power of another opposite relay device is controlled. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a radio relay apparatus and an active standby switching method, and more particularly to a radio relay apparatus and an active standby switching method used as a radio transmission path in a mobile communication network or the like.

  Currently, wireless relay apparatuses are used in various applications such as a subscriber system transmission line (Fixed Wireless Access; FWA), a relay system, and a backbone system. Among them, a base station system (Base Transceiver Station; BTS) for realizing a base station system transmission path, that is, a mobile communication cell, in a mobile communication network and a base station controller (Radio Network Controller) for controlling the base station apparatus. In the transmission path to the RNC), a radio entrance system in which radio relay apparatuses are opposed to each other is known. In this radio entrance system, as shown in FIG. 13, the antenna 7a of the radio relay device on the radio base station control device side and the antenna 7b of the radio relay device on the radio base station device side are opposed to each other. The current maximum transmission capacity is 155.52 Mbps per system, and a 64 QAM (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation) modulation system is adopted.

  A conventional example of a wireless relay device for configuring a wireless entrance system will be described with reference to FIG. Referring to the figure, a conventional radio relay apparatus includes an active transmitter 100A, a spare transmitter 100B, a distributor 1 for distributing a signal to be transmitted to transmitters 100A and 100B, and a transmitter 100A. In order to distribute the received signal to the receivers 200A and 200B, a high-frequency selector switch (hereinafter abbreviated as SW) 2 for switching the output of each of the receivers 100A and 100B, the current receiver 200A, the spare receiver 200B, and the like. Distributor 9, reception switching SW 8 for switching the outputs of the receivers 200 </ b> A and 200 </ b> B, a switching control unit 5 that performs switching control of the high-frequency switching SW 2 and the reception switching SW 8, a duplexer 6, and an antenna 7. It is comprised including.

The transmitter 100A includes a 64QAM modulation unit 3c that performs a well-known 64QAM modulation and a transmission unit 4c that converts the modulated signal into a high frequency band signal. On the other hand, the transmitter 100B includes a 64QAM modulation unit 3d that similarly performs 64QAM modulation, and a transmission unit 4d that converts the modulated signal into a high-frequency band signal.
The receiver 200A includes a receiving unit 11c for converting the received high-frequency band signal into a low-frequency signal, and a 64QAM demodulating unit 10c that performs well-known 64QAM demodulation on the converted signal. Yes. On the other hand, the receiver 200B includes a receiving unit 11d for converting the received high frequency band signal into a low frequency signal, and a 64QAM demodulating unit 10d that similarly performs 64QAM demodulation on the converted signal. .

As described above, the conventional radio entrance apparatus has a 1 + 1 hot standby configuration with one active transceiver and one spare transceiver, and the standby transmitter and receiver are the active transmitter and receiver. A modem having the same modulation multi-level number (64 QAM in this example) is employed. Also, if a failure occurs in the active transmitter / receiver, the operation is continued by switching to the standby transmitter / receiver. The switching control unit 5 controls switching between the active system and the standby system. In the conventional radio entrance apparatus, both the active transmitter and the standby transmitter are fixed at the same transmission power. (See Non-Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 2).
Koizumi et al., "Development of 11/15/18 GHz band high-capacity digital radio equipment", 2005 IEICE General Conference B-5-246 Tanizawa et al., “11/15/18 GHz band high capacity wireless device”, 2005 IEICE General Conference B-5-247

  FIG. 15 is a simulation diagram showing a standard overall C / N (Carrier-to-Noise Ratio) characteristic when an 18 GHz band, 30 cm antenna for both stations is used. The horizontal axis in the figure represents the propagation distance (km), and the vertical axis represents the total C / N (dB) in rainy weather and clear weather, and the required C / N (dB) for each modulation multi-value number. The annual line unavailability is 0.001% / km · year or less.

In the figure, when the code G1 is 64QAM, the minimum C / N required to satisfy the desired channel quality (hereinafter referred to as required C / N), the required C / N when the code G2 is 16QAM, The required C / N when the code G3 is QPSK (Quadrature Phase Shift Keying), the code G4 is the total line design C / N during clear weather, and the code G5 is the total line design C / N during rainy weather.
Here, in the current radio entrance line design of the 11 GHz band or higher, the total C / N (G5 in the figure) at the time of raining even in the worst condition such as the condition when there is a record heavy rain Line design is carried out so as to satisfy the required C / N. However, since the time rate at which the worst condition (record heavy rain) occurs is generally very small, it is operating under an excessive margin (G6 in the figure) with good propagation conditions for most of the time. There is a current situation. Furthermore, the excess power, which is regarded as an excessive margin, also causes interference with other routes.

In addition, referring to the figure, it can be seen that the required C / N value increases as the modulation method is multi-valued. That is, referring to G1 to G3 in the figure, it can be seen that as the modulation multi-value number increases, the resistance to rain deterioration is lost. That is, when it is intended to maintain the same line quality, the maximum propagation distance becomes smaller as the modulation scheme is multivalued. In the figure, it can be seen that the maximum propagation distance, which was 3.8 km in QPSK, is reduced to 2.2 km when multi-valued to 64 QAM.
Furthermore, in the current and standby configuration of the wireless relay device, the reliability of the wireless relay device has improved due to the recent development of device technology, and the frequency of switching from the active system to the standby system due to failure is very low. .

Here, the above-described problems are summarized as follows.
(1) In the current wireless entrance line design, we are investigating whether or not the line can be constructed in the case of heavy rain with low frequency of occurrence per year. Yes.
(2) The maximum propagation distance is shortened by the multi-level modulation multi-level number accompanying the increase in transmission capacity.
(3) The switching frequency due to a failure is very low in the wireless entrance device of the working and standby configuration.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a working transmitter and a working receiver with a large number of modulation multi-values, a spare transmitter and a spare with a small number of modulation multi-values. In addition to switching to the standby device when a failure occurs in the active device, it also switches from the active device to the standby device when the propagation status with the opposite device changes. It is to provide a wireless relay device and a working standby switching method. Another object of the present invention is to control transmission power according to changes in propagation conditions so that it can be operated with an appropriate margin even in a good propagation state, and transmission power and interference can be reduced. It is to provide a wireless relay device that can be used.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a radio relay apparatus that performs a multi-level modulation of a first modulation multi-level number and a second modulation multi-level number having a different modulation multi-level number from the active transmitter. A spare transmitter that performs multi-level modulation, a working receiver that demodulates the modulated signal modulated with the first modulation multi-level number, and a modulation that is modulated with the second modulation multi-level number A spare receiver that demodulates the signal, and the spare transmitter and the spare receiver from a state in which the working transmitter and the working receiver are used when at least one of the working transmitter and the working receiver fails. And a switching means for switching to a state in which the machine is in use, and performing radio communication in opposition to each other, wherein the switching means is configured to switch the standby transmitter and the standby receiver even when the propagation state deteriorates. It is characterized by switching to the state to useWhen such a configuration is adopted, the maximum propagation distance when the modulation multi-level number is small is satisfied, and the modulation multi-level number is large for most of the year without reducing the annual downtime. Multi-value communication becomes possible. That is, communication can be performed so as to satisfy a desired quality by switching between the transmitter and the receiver in accordance with a change in the propagation state.

A radio relay apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention further includes transmission power control means for controlling transmission power when transmitting to another radio relay apparatus facing the radio relay apparatus according to claim 1 according to the change in the propagation state. It is characterized by that. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to appropriately control the transmission power to other radio relay apparatuses according to changes in propagation conditions.
A radio relay apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention is the radio relay apparatus according to the first or second aspect, wherein the transmission power control means transmits the transmission power when transmitted from another opposing radio relay apparatus according to the change in the propagation state. It is characterized by controlling. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to appropriately control the transmission power from other wireless relay apparatuses to the own apparatus in accordance with changes in propagation conditions.

A radio relay apparatus according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the second or third aspect, the transmission power of the active transmitter is different from the transmission power of the backup transmitter. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to appropriately control the transmission power immediately after switching from the active transmitter to the standby transmitter, and it is possible to suppress extra interference given to other radio relay apparatuses.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the wireless relay device according to any one of the second to fourth aspects, the transmission power control means performs propagation based on a difference between the reception level and a predetermined threshold value. It is determined that the situation has changed, and the transmission power is determined. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to determine that the propagation state has changed when the reception level is reduced, and it is possible to appropriately determine the transmission power.

  A radio relay device according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the radio relay device according to any one of the second to fifth aspects, wherein the transmission power control means transmits a reception level and a signal transmitted from another radio relay device opposed to the reception level. The transmission power is determined by determining that the propagation state has changed from the rain attenuation amount calculated based on the data related to the transmission power of the signal inserted in. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to appropriately determine the transmission power based on the calculated rain attenuation.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the radio relay device according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, the switching is performed when the spare transmitter has a smaller number of modulation multi-values than the active transmitter. The means is characterized in that, when the propagation state deteriorates, the state is switched to a state in which the spare transmitter and the spare receiver are used. In this way, for example, by simultaneously mounting 64QAM and QPSK modems, 64QAM multivalues can be obtained in the majority of the year while satisfying the maximum propagation distance of QPSK and without reducing the annual downtime. Communication becomes possible.

  A radio relay apparatus according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the radio relay apparatus according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the switching means includes a switching condition for line disconnection relief due to degradation of the propagation status, and a device failure. The spare transmitter and the spare receiver are switched to a state in which the spare transmitter and the spare receiver are used on the basis of a logical sum result with the switching condition for line disconnection relief according to. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a line disconnection, regardless of whether the propagation state deteriorates or a device failure occurs.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the wireless relay device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, the switching means propagates based on a comparison result between the received signal level and a predetermined threshold value. It is characterized by judging that the situation has changed. In this way, when the received signal level decreases, the state where the active system is used can be switched to the state where the standby system is used, and the required line quality can be satisfied.

  A radio relay device according to a tenth aspect of the present invention is the radio relay device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the switching means is based on a comparison result between a signal-to-noise ratio and a predetermined threshold value. It is characterized by determining that the propagation situation has changed. In this way, when the signal-to-noise ratio is lowered, the state where the active system is used can be switched to the state where the standby system is used, and the required line quality can be satisfied.

  A radio relay device according to an eleventh aspect of the present invention is the radio relay device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the switching means includes at least one of a bit error rate and a bit error number, and a predetermined threshold value. Based on the comparison result, it is determined that the propagation state has changed. If such a configuration is adopted, it can be determined that the propagation state has changed based on the bit error, and the state where the active system is used can be switched to the state where the standby system is used, and the required line quality can be satisfied. .

  A radio relay apparatus according to a twelfth aspect of the present invention is the radio relay device according to any one of the ninth to eleventh aspects, wherein the switching threshold is determined based on a switching determination criterion such as a reception level, a signal-to-noise ratio, and a bit error rate. It is characterized in that the change speed is also captured and switching is determined. By adopting such a configuration, it is possible to satisfy the required line quality by switching from the state using the active system to the state using the standby system in consideration of the change speed.

  A radio relay apparatus according to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention is the radio relay device according to any one of the second to seventh aspects, wherein the switching means determines whether the transmission power of the active transmitter is compared with a predetermined threshold value. On the basis of this, switching to a state in which the spare transmitter and the spare receiver are used is performed. By adopting such a configuration, when the transmission power exceeds the maximum transmission power of the transmitter, switching to the spare transmitter and the spare receiver, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of line disconnection, Generation of waveform distortion and spurious can be suppressed.

  The radio relay apparatus according to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention is the radio relay device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the switching means uses the spare receiver based on a received signal quality by the active receiver. It is determined whether to switch to a state, and switching to a state in which the spare transmitter is used is performed based on transmission switching control information received from the opposite device. In this way, the receiver can be switched from active to standby based on the measurement result in the own device, and the switching control information is notified to the opposite device, so that the reception switching and timing on the own device side can be performed. In addition, the transmitter of the opposite device can be switched from the active device to the standby device.

  The radio relay apparatus according to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention is the radio relay device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the switching unit uses the spare transmitter based on a received signal quality of the active receiver. It is determined whether or not to switch to a state, and switching to a state in which the spare receiver is used is performed based on switching timing information received from the opposite device. In this way, based on the measurement result in the own device, the transmitter can be switched from active to standby, and the switching timing and timing on the own device side can be determined by notifying the opposite device of the switching timing. In addition, the receiver of the opposite device can be switched from active to standby.

  The radio relay apparatus according to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention is the radio relay device according to any one of the first to seventh aspects, wherein the switching unit uses the spare transmitter based on a received signal quality by the active receiver. It is determined whether or not to switch to a state, and switching to a state in which the spare receiver is used is performed based on a synchronization signal extraction result of a demodulated signal received from an opposite device. In this way, it is not necessary to exchange control signals regarding the switching operation between the own device and the opposite device, so that the line efficiency can be improved.

A radio relay apparatus according to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention is the radio relay device according to any one of the first to sixteenth aspects, wherein the switching means changes from a value satisfying a desired line quality to a value having a certain margin. Switching is performed based on this. In this way, it is possible to prevent line disconnection due to rapid rain deterioration.
A radio relay apparatus according to an eighteenth aspect of the present invention is the wireless relay device according to any one of the first to seventeenth aspects, wherein the switching means is a threshold for switching to a state in which the spare transmitter and the spare receiver are used. And a threshold value for switching to a state in which the working transmitter and the working receiver are used. In this way, it is possible to prevent the switching fluctuation between the active system and the standby system due to the temporal variation of the rainfall.

  According to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a working standby switching method in which a working transmitter that performs multi-level modulation of a first modulation multi-level number and a second modulation multi-level number that is different from the working transmitter in the number of modulation multi-levels. A spare transmitter that performs multi-level modulation, a working receiver that demodulates the modulated signal modulated with the first modulation multi-level number, and the second modulation multi-level number. In a radio relay apparatus that communicates oppositely, including a standby receiver that demodulates a modulated signal, the active transmitter and the active receiver when at least one of the active transmitter and the active receiver fails In the active standby switching method for switching from the state of using the transmitter to the state of using the standby transmitter and the standby receiver, the standby transmitter has a smaller modulation multi-value number than the active transmitter, Even if the propagation situation deteriorates, And it switches the state of using the signal unit and the spare receiver. If switching control is performed in this way, the maximum propagation distance when the modulation multilevel number is small is satisfied, and the annual interruption time is not reduced, and the modulation multilevel number is large for most of the year. Multi-value communication becomes possible. That is, communication can be performed so as to satisfy a desired quality by switching between the transmitter and the receiver in accordance with a change in the propagation state.

In the radio relay apparatus that employs the same modulation multi-level modems for current use and backup, the deterioration of the maximum propagation distance has become a big problem compared to QPSK by multi-leveling to 64 QAM, etc. In the present invention, for example, 64QAM and QPSK modems are installed at the same time, so that the maximum propagation distance of QPSK so far can be satisfied and the annual downtime is not reduced, and 64QAM can be used for most of the year. Multi-value communication becomes possible.
In addition, by controlling the transmission power according to the propagation state, it is possible to reduce the transmission power and interference with other routes in a good propagation state such as in fine weather. Further, by combining the transmission power control and the device switching method between the active system and the standby system, it is possible to reduce the maximum transmission power in line design.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the drawings referred to in the following description, the same parts as those in the other drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals.
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a first embodiment of a wireless relay device according to the present invention. The wireless relay device of FIG. 6 is also arranged opposite to a wireless relay device having an equivalent configuration in order to configure a wireless entrance system. In the figure, the wireless relay device of this example is different from the configuration of the conventional device (FIG. 14) in that the number of modulation levels differs between the active transmitter 100A and the spare transmitter 100B, and the active reception 200A and spare receiver 200B differ in the number of modulation levels. Here, an example will be described in which the 64QAM modulation method is used for the active system and the QPSK modulation method is used for the standby system.

Referring to the figure, transmitter 100A includes a known 64QAM modulation unit 3a that performs 64QAM modulation and a transmission unit 4a that converts the modulated signal into a high-frequency band signal. On the other hand, the transmitter 100B includes a QPSK modulation unit 3b that performs well-known QPSK modulation, and a transmission unit 4b that converts the modulated signal into a high-frequency band signal.
The receiver 200A includes a receiving unit 11a for converting the received high-frequency band signal into a low-frequency signal, and a 64QAM demodulating unit 10a that performs well-known 64QAM demodulation on the converted signal. Yes. On the other hand, the receiver 200B includes a receiving unit 11b for converting the received high-frequency band signal into a low-frequency signal, and a 64QAM demodulating unit 10b that performs well-known QPSK demodulation on the converted signal. Yes.

It is assumed that the wireless relay device in the figure is provided opposite to another wireless relay device having the same configuration as that of this configuration and is communicating with each other.
In such a configuration, a high-frequency signal transmitted from another opposing radio relay apparatus (opposite station) is received by the antenna 7, passes through the duplexer 6, and is then transmitted to the 64QAM receiver 200 </ b> A by the distributor 9. It is distributed to the QPSK receiver 200B. Next, the main signals demodulated by the demodulator 10a of 64QAM and the demodulator 10b of QPSK are respectively added to the reception switch SW8. Here, under the control of the switching control unit 5, the reception switching SW8 is switched to select one of the outputs of the receiver 200A and the receiver 200B. The output on the selected side becomes the output data of this apparatus.

  On the other hand, the signal input to this apparatus is distributed by the distributor 1 to the transmitter 100A of 64QAM and the transmitter 100B of QPSK. Thereafter, the signals modulated by the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b are converted into high frequency band signals by the transmission units 4a and 4b, and then input to the high frequency switching SW2. Here, the output of either the transmitter 100A or the transmitter 100B is selected by switching the high frequency switching SW2 under the control of the switching control unit 5. The output on the selected side passes through the duplexer 6 as a high-frequency output signal of this apparatus, and then is output to the opposite radio relay apparatus via the antenna 7. The QPSK modulation unit 3b includes a buffer (not shown) that temporarily stores overflow information, and compensates for loss due to data overflow as much as possible.

(Configuration example of switching control unit)
Here, a configuration example of the switching control unit 5 in FIG. 1 will be described with reference to FIG. Referring to the figure, the switching control unit 5 receives a reception SW switching determination unit 21 that calculates a difference between a reception level measurement result and desired reception level information (that is, a threshold value), and a switching control signal corresponding to the difference. A reception SW switching control unit 22 for sending out and a transmission SW switching control unit 23 for sending out a switching control signal corresponding to transmission switching control information inserted by the opposite device are configured.

Next, an operation flow of the switching control unit 5 configured as described above will be described.
First, the receiving side switching flow will be described. The receiving units 11a and 11b measure the reception level Pr and send measurement signals S16 and S17 to the switching control unit 5. Next, the reception SW switching determination unit 21 calculates the difference between the measurement signals S16 and S17 and the desired reception level information, and determines whether switching is necessary. Then, the switching signal from the reception SW switching determination unit 21 and the switching signal due to the failure of the receiving device are logically ORed with an OR circuit (OR), and the switching control signal S13 is sent from the reception SW switching control unit 22 to receive reception switching. Switch SW8. At that time, the reception SW switching control unit 22 outputs transmission switching control information S18 and S19. This transmission switching control information is inserted into the transmission signal to the opposite apparatus in the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b. By referring to the inserted transmission switching control information in the opposite device, the reception switching timing of the own device and the transmission switching timing of the opposite device can be matched. At this time, the desired reception level information for each modulation scheme is set as the difference calculation target by feeding back the selected reception SW information S20 to the reception SW switching determination unit 21.

  Next, the transmission side switching flow will be described. First, the transmission switching control information S14, 15 inserted in the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b of the opposite device in the 64QAM demodulation unit 10a and QPSK demodulation unit 10b of the own station (own device). Are extracted respectively. Then, the extracted transmission switching control information S14, 15 and the switching signal due to the transmitter failure are logically ORed by the OR circuit, and the switching control signal S12 is sent from the transmission SW switching control unit 23, and the high frequency switching SW2 Is switched.

(Switching judgment example)
Next, an example of the switching determination method of the reception SW switching determination unit 21 in FIG. 2 will be described with reference to FIG. Here, a method using the reception level as a switching determination criterion based on the reception level Pr extracted by the reception units 11a and 11b is shown as an example. However, the same method is used when quality information such as a signal-to-noise ratio and a bit error rate is used as a switching criterion.

In the description of this figure, switching for line disconnection relief due to propagation path condition degradation and switching for line disconnection relief due to device failure are independent events, and switching is performed by ORing the two. Therefore, each will be described separately.
In FIG. 3, first, switching for line disconnection relief due to channel state deterioration will be described. Based on the selective reception SW information S20 described above, it is determined which of the receivers 200A and 200B is currently selected by the reception switching SW8 (step S31).

  When the 64QAM receiver 200A is currently selected (steps S31 → S32), a threshold (Pr0 + Δ1) obtained by adding a desired margin Δ1 to the reception level Pr extracted by the reception unit 11a and the required reception level Pr0 in the 64QAM modulation scheme. Are compared (step S33). The reason why this margin Δ1 is added is to prevent line disconnection due to rapid rain deterioration. Therefore, the relationship between the reception level Pr and the threshold (Pr0 + Δ1) is as shown in FIG. In this way, if the switching is performed based on a value that satisfies a desired line quality and a value having a certain margin, line disconnection due to a sudden rain can be prevented.

  Returning to FIG. 3, if the reception level is Pr> Pr0 + Δ1 as a result of the above comparison, the current operation is continued and the switching operation is not performed (steps S33 → S34). On the other hand, when the reception level is Pr ≦ Pr0 + Δ1 as a result of the comparison, a switching operation is performed. That is, in the modulation unit 3a, transmission switching control information is inserted into the header of the transmission signal to the opposite device (step S35). Here, the frame structure of the transmission signal is, for example, as shown in FIG. That is, the transmission frame 300 includes a header part 301 and a payload part 302, and transmission switching control information is inserted into the header part 301. Then, the reception switching SW 8 is switched in accordance with the transmission switching timing at the opposite device using the transmission switching control information (step S36). As a result of switching as described above, the state changes from the state in which the 64QAM receiver 200A is used to the state in which the QPSK receiver 200B is used.

  On the other hand, when the QPSK receiver 200B is currently selected (steps S31 → S37), a desired margin Δ1 and a margin Δ2 are added to the reception level Pr extracted by the reception unit 11b and the required reception level Pr0 in the 64QAM modulation system. The threshold value (Pr0 + Δ1 + Δ2) is compared (step S38). The reason why the margin Δ2 is added in addition to the margin Δ1 is to prevent the switching flutter between 64QAM and QPSK, which is expected due to the temporal variation of the rainfall. Therefore, the relationship between the reception level Pr and the threshold (Pr0 + Δ1 + Δ2) is as shown in FIG.

  In this way, there is a difference between the threshold for switching to the state using the standby system and the threshold for switching to the state using the active system. Does not switch even if the reception level recovers to a value slightly higher than the threshold, but switches to the active system and the standby system due to temporal fluctuations in rainfall by switching when the reception level recovers to a higher threshold. Flapping can be prevented.

  Returning to FIG. 3, if the reception level is Pr <Pr0 + Δ1 + Δ2 as a result of the comparison, the current operation is continued and the switching operation is not performed (steps S38 → S34). On the other hand, as a result of the comparison, if the reception level is Pr ≧ Pr0 + Δ1 + Δ2, the switching operation is performed. That is, in the modulation unit 3b, transmission switching control information is inserted into the transmission header (see FIG. 5) to the opposite device (step S39), and in accordance with the timing of transmission switching in the opposite device using this transmission switching control information. The reception switch SW8 is switched (step S40). As a result of this switching, the state changes from the state where the QPSK receiver 200B is used to the state where the 64QAM receiver 200A is used.

  In this case, fixed values of Pr0 + Δ1 and Pr0 + Δ1 + Δ2 are set in the apparatus in advance as the switching thresholds. However, when the switching thresholds are fixedly set, it is very difficult to set the thresholds assuming various rainfall situations. For example, assuming the worst condition such as abrupt degradation and setting the threshold value, excessive margin setting is performed, and if the margin setting is reduced too much, rapid degradation cannot be handled. For this reason, an apparatus configuration in which not only the current reception level but also the rate of change thereof is captured and a switching determination is made can be considered. The change speed indicates how much the reception level changes in a certain time. When judging the device switching by capturing the change rate such as the reception level, the predicted value such as the reception level after a certain time is calculated based on the change rate, and compared with a predetermined switching threshold, Performs switching control between the active device and the standby device.

Here, the change rate of the reception level will be described as an example. As shown in FIG. 41, the measured values of the reception level at certain times t1 and t2 are Pr (t1) and Pr (t2), respectively. At this time, the change rate of the reception level is obtained by the following equation (1).
Change speed = (Pr (t2) −Pr (t1)) / (t2−t1) (1)
The predicted reception level Pr (t3) at a certain time t3 can be calculated from the rate of change of the reception level calculated using the equation (1). The predicted value of the reception level is obtained by the following equation (2).
Pr (t3) = change speed × (t3−t2) + Pr (t2) (2)

  A switching determination can be made by comparing the predicted value Pr (t3) of the reception level calculated using Equation (2) with a predetermined switching threshold. That is, by predicting the reception level after a certain period of time and determining whether to switch between the active device and the standby device, it is possible to prevent line disconnection due to a sudden deterioration that prevents reception quality from being satisfied. The above switching determination based on the change rate can be similarly applied when a change in the total C / N, bit error rate, or the like is used as a determination criterion.

Next, returning to FIG. 3, switching for line disconnection relief due to a device failure will be described. If there is no receiver failure, the current operation is continued (step SS30).
If the receiver is faulty, it is determined whether the faulty device is a QPSK side receiver or a 64QAM receiver (step SS31). As a result of the determination, if the 64QAM receiver is faulty (step SS32) and the receiver selected by the reception switching SW8 (determined by S20) is QPSK (step SS33 → SS34), the current operation is continued (step SS35). On the other hand, if it is 64QAM (step SS33 → SS36), the opposite station transmission switching control information is inserted into the modulator (step S35), and the reception SW 8 is switched in accordance with the switching timing (step S36). If the QPSK receiver has failed (step SS37) and the receiver currently selected by the reception switch SW8 (determined by S20) is 64QAM (step SS38 → SS39), the current operation is continued (step S34). On the other hand, if it is QPSK (step SS40), the opposite station transmission switching control information is inserted into the modulator (step S39), and the reception SW 8 is switched in accordance with the switching timing (step S40).

  As described above, in the first embodiment, the switching determination is performed based on at least one of the reception level of the own device and the presence / absence of the device failure, and the switching determination information is transmitted as header information to the opposite device. The transmitter on the side device is switched, and the receiver on the own device side is also switched according to the timing. That is, in the first embodiment, what is determined and controlled based on the reception level of the own device is the transmitter switching of the opposite device and the receiver switching of the own device.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the wireless relay device according to the present invention will be described. The wireless relay device according to the second embodiment is also arranged to face the wireless relay device having the same configuration in order to configure the wireless entrance system.
In the second embodiment, unlike the case of the first embodiment, the transmitter of the own device is switched based on the reception level of the own device, and the switching timing information is transmitted to the opposite device as header information. On the other hand, the receiver of the opposite device switches the effective receiver in accordance with the switching timing of the own device side transmitter based on the header information. That is, what is determined and controlled based on the reception level of the own device is transmitter switching on the own device side and receiver switching on the opposite side device. The present embodiment uses the feature that reception level deterioration due to rain attenuation in the transmission path between the own apparatus and the opposite apparatus is the same. This is because the own device and the opposite device do not move together and are fixed, and thus the reception level deterioration due to rain in the space between them is equal between the own device and the opposite device.

Note that the following description is only an explanation of line disconnection relief due to propagation path condition degradation, but it is equivalent to the case of the first embodiment in that a logical sum of two signals is taken for line disconnection relief due to a device failure. And
The wireless relay device of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. A high-frequency signal transmitted from another opposing radio relay apparatus (opposite station) is received by the antenna 7, passes through the duplexer 6, and then is distributed to the 64QAM receiver 200A and the QPSK receiver 200B by the distributor 9. Distributed. Next, the main signals demodulated by the demodulator 10a of 64QAM and the demodulator 10b of QPSK are respectively added to the reception switch SW8. Here, under the control of the switching control unit 5, the reception switching SW8 is switched to select one of the outputs of the receiver 200A and the receiver 200B. The output on the selected side becomes the output data of this apparatus. The above is the same as in the case of the first embodiment.

  On the other hand, the signal input to this apparatus is distributed by the distributor 1 to the transmitter 100A of 64QAM and the transmitter 100B of QPSK. Thereafter, the signals modulated by the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b are converted into high frequency band signals by the transmission units 4a and 4b, and then input to the high frequency switching SW2. Here, the output of either the transmitter 100A or the transmitter 100B is selected by switching the high frequency switching SW2 under the control of the switching control unit 5. The output on the selected side passes through the duplexer 6 as a high-frequency output signal of this apparatus, and then is output to the opposite radio relay apparatus via the antenna 7. The QPSK modulation unit 3b includes a buffer (not shown) that temporarily stores overflow information, and compensates for loss due to data overflow as much as possible. The above is the same as in the case of the first embodiment.

(Configuration example of switching control unit)
Here, a configuration example of the switching control unit 5 in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Referring to the figure, the switching control unit 5 includes a transmission SW switching determination unit 24 that calculates a difference between a reception level measurement result and desired reception level information (that is, a threshold), and a switching control signal corresponding to the difference. A transmission SW switching control unit 25 for sending out and a reception SW switching control unit 26 for sending out a switching control signal generated based on switching timing information inserted in the opposite device are configured.

Next, an operation flow of the switching control unit 5 configured as described above will be described.
First, the transmission side switching flow will be described. The receiving units 11a and 11b measure the reception level Pr and send measurement signals S16 and S17 to the switching control unit 5. Next, the transmission SW switching determination unit 24 calculates the difference between the measurement signals S16 and S17 and the desired reception level. Based on the difference, a transmission control signal S12 is sent from the transmission SW switching control unit 25 to switch the high frequency switching SW2. At that time, the transmission SW switching control unit 25 outputs the switching timing information S18 and S19, and is inserted into the transmission signal to the opposite device in the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b. By referring to the inserted switching timing information in the opposite device, the transmission switching timing of the own device and the reception switching timing of the opposite device can be matched. At that time, the desired transmission level information for each modulation scheme is set as the difference calculation target by feeding back the selected transmission SW information S27 to the transmission SW switching determination unit 24.

  Next, the receiving side switching flow will be described. First, the switching timing information S14 ′ and S15 ′ inserted by the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b on the opposite device side are extracted by the 64QAM demodulation unit 10a and the QPSK demodulation unit 10b of the own station (own device), respectively. To do. Then, based on the extracted switching timing information S14 'and 15', a switching control signal S13 is sent from the receiving SW switching control unit 26 to switch the receiving switching SW8.

(Switching judgment example)
Next, an example of the switching determination method of the transmission SW switching determination unit 24 in FIG. 6 will be described with reference to FIG. Here, the switching determination method when the reception level Pr extracted by the receiving units 11a and 11b is used as a switching determination criterion and the threshold value for switching is a fixed value is shown as an example, but the current method shown in the first embodiment is shown. The same method is used when not only the reception level but also the change speed is used to make the switching determination. The same method is used when quality information such as a signal-to-noise ratio and a bit error rate is used as a switching determination criterion.

In the figure, first, from the above-mentioned selective transmission SW information S27, it is determined which of the transmitters 100A and 100B is currently selected by the high frequency switching SW2 (step S41).
When the 64QAM transmitter 100A is currently selected (steps S41 → S42), a threshold (Pr0 + Δ1) obtained by adding a desired margin Δ1 to the reception level Pr extracted by the reception unit 11a and the required reception level Pr0 in the 64QAM modulation scheme. Are compared (step S43). The reason why this margin Δ1 is added is to prevent line disconnection due to rapid rain deterioration. Therefore, the relationship between the reception level Pr and the threshold (Pr0 + Δ1) is as shown in FIG. In this way, if the switching is performed based on a value that satisfies a desired line quality and a value having a certain margin, line disconnection due to a sudden rain can be prevented.

  Returning to FIG. 7, if the reception level is Pr> Pr0 + Δ1 as a result of the comparison, the current operation is continued and the switching operation is not performed (steps S43 → S44). On the other hand, when the reception level is Pr ≦ Pr0 + Δ1 as a result of the comparison, a switching operation is performed. That is, in the modulation unit 3a, the switching timing information is inserted into the header of the transmission signal to the opposite device (step S45). As described with reference to FIG. 5, this switching timing information is also inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300, and the notified information notifies in advance that switching is performed after, for example, three frames. Then, the high-frequency switching SW2 of the own device is switched in accordance with the timing of reception switching in the opposing device (step S46). As a result of switching as described above, the state changes from the state where the 64QAM transmitter 100A is used to the state where the QPSK transmitter 100B is used.

  On the other hand, when the QPSK transmitter 100B is currently selected (steps S41 → S47), a desired margin Δ1 and a margin Δ2 are added to the reception level Pr extracted by the reception unit 11b and the required reception level Pr0 in the 64QAM modulation scheme. The threshold value (Pr0 + Δ1 + Δ2) is compared (step S48). The reason why the margin Δ2 is added in addition to the margin Δ1 is to prevent the switching flutter between 64QAM and QPSK, which is expected due to the temporal variation of the rainfall. Therefore, the relationship between the reception level Pr and the threshold (Pr0 + Δ1 + Δ2) is as shown in FIG.

  In this way, there is a difference between the threshold for switching to the state using the standby system and the threshold for switching to the state using the active system. Does not switch even if the reception level recovers to a value slightly higher than the threshold, but switches to the active system and the standby system due to temporal fluctuations in rainfall by switching when the reception level recovers to a higher threshold. Flapping can be prevented.

  Returning to FIG. 7, if the reception level is Pr <Pr0 + Δ1 + Δ2 as a result of the comparison, the current operation is continued and the switching operation is not performed (steps S48 → S44). On the other hand, as a result of the comparison, if the reception level is Pr ≧ Pr0 + Δ1 + Δ2, the switching operation is performed. That is, in the modulation unit 3b, the switching timing information is inserted into the header of the transmission signal to the opposite device (step S49), and the high-frequency switching SW2 of the own device is switched in accordance with the reception switching timing in the opposite device ( Step S50). As a result of this switching, the state changes from the state in which the QPSK transmitter 100B is used to the state in which the 64QAM transmitter 100A is used.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the wireless relay device according to the present invention will be described. The wireless relay device according to the third embodiment is also arranged to face the wireless relay device having the same configuration in order to configure the wireless entrance system.
Unlike the case of the first and second embodiments, the third embodiment employs logic that eliminates the need to exchange header information related to switching between the own device and the opposite device. It leads to improvement of efficiency. Further, the present embodiment uses the feature that the reception level deterioration due to rain attenuation in the transmission line between the own apparatus and the opposite apparatus is the same. This is because the own device and the opposite device do not move together and are fixed, and thus the reception level deterioration due to rain in the space between them is equal between the own device and the opposite device.

Note that the following description is only an explanation of line disconnection relief due to propagation path condition degradation, but it is equivalent to the case of the first embodiment in that a logical sum of two signals is taken for line disconnection relief due to a device failure. And
The wireless relay device of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. A high-frequency signal transmitted from another opposing radio relay apparatus (opposite station) is received by the antenna 7, passes through the duplexer 6, and then is distributed to the 64QAM receiver 200A and the QPSK receiver 200B by the distributor 9. Distributed. Next, the main signals demodulated by the demodulator 10a of 64QAM and the demodulator 10b of QPSK are respectively added to the reception switch SW8. Here, under the control of the switching control unit 5, the reception switching SW8 is switched to select one of the outputs of the receiver 200A and the receiver 200B. The output on the selected side becomes the output data of this apparatus. The above is the same as in the case of the first embodiment.

  On the other hand, the signal input to this apparatus is distributed by the distributor 1 to the transmitter 100A of 64QAM and the transmitter 100B of QPSK. Thereafter, the signals modulated by the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b are converted into high frequency band signals by the transmission units 4a and 4b, and then input to the high frequency switching SW2. Here, the output of either the transmitter 100A or the transmitter 100B is selected by switching the high frequency switching SW2 under the control of the switching control unit 5. The output on the selected side passes through the duplexer 6 as a high-frequency output signal of this apparatus, and then is output to the opposite radio relay apparatus via the antenna 7. The QPSK modulation unit 3b includes a buffer (not shown) that temporarily stores overflow information, and compensates for loss due to data overflow as much as possible. The above is the same as in the case of the first embodiment.

(Configuration example of switching control unit)
Here, a configuration example of the switching control unit 5 in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Referring to the figure, the switching control unit 5 sends a transmission SW switching determination unit 27 that calculates a difference between a reception level measurement result and desired reception level information (that is, a threshold), and a switching control signal corresponding to the difference. A transmission SW switching control unit 28 for transmitting, a synchronization signal extracting unit 29 for extracting a synchronization signal of a signal demodulated by the demodulation unit of the own device, and a reception SW switching control unit 30 for transmitting a reception switching control signal. It consists of

Next, an operation flow of the switching control unit 5 configured as described above will be described.
First, the transmission side switching flow will be described. The receiving units 11a and 11b measure the reception level Pr and send measurement signals S16 and S17 to the switching control unit 5. Next, the transmission SW switching determination unit 27 calculates a difference between the measurement signals S16 and S17 and a desired reception level. Then, based on the difference, a switching control signal S12 ′ is sent from the transmission SW switching control unit 28, and the high frequency switching SW2 is switched. At that time, the desired transmission level information for each modulation method is set as the difference calculation target by feeding back the selected transmission SW information S27 ′ to the transmission SW switching determination unit 27.

  Next, the receiving side switching flow will be described. First, as described above, the signal received by the own station (own device) is equally distributed to the receiver 200A and the receiver 200B by the distributor 9, and demodulated by the 64QAM demodulator 10a and the QPSK demodulator 10b, respectively. The Here, the reception SW switching determination unit 29 extracts the synchronization signal from the demodulated signals S14 "and S15". Based on whether or not the synchronization signal can be extracted, the modulation multi-value number from the opposite device is determined, and a switching control signal S13 'is transmitted from the reception SW switching control unit 30 to switch the reception switching SW8. At that time, the selected reception SW information S31 is fed back to the reception SW switching determination unit 29 to reflect the current reception SW selection state in the reception SW switching determination flow.

(Switching judgment example)
Next, an example of the switching determination method of the transmission SW switching determination unit 27 in FIG. 8 will be described with reference to FIG. Here, a switching determination method using the reception level Pr extracted by the receiving units 11a and 11b as a switching determination criterion and a switching threshold as a fixed value is shown as an example, but only the current reception level shown in the first embodiment is shown. In addition, the same method is used when the change rate is captured and the switching determination is made. The same method is used when quality information such as a signal-to-noise ratio and a bit error rate is used as a switching determination criterion.
In the figure, first, it is determined from the selected transmission SW information S27 ′ described above which of the transmitters 100A and 100B is currently selected by the high frequency switching SW2 (step S51).

  When the 64QAM transmitter 100A is currently selected (steps S51 → S52), a threshold (Pr0 + Δ1) obtained by adding a desired margin Δ1 to the reception level Pr extracted by the reception unit 11a and the required reception level Pr0 in the 64QAM modulation scheme. Are compared (step S53). The reason why this margin Δ1 is added is to prevent line disconnection due to rapid rain deterioration. Therefore, the relationship between the reception level Pr and the threshold (Pr0 + Δ1) is as shown in FIG. In this way, if the switching is performed based on a value that satisfies a desired line quality and a value having a certain margin, line disconnection due to a sudden rain can be prevented.

  Returning to FIG. 9, if the reception level is Pr> Pr0 + Δ1 as a result of the comparison, the current operation is continued and the switching operation is not performed (steps S53 → S54). On the other hand, as a result of the comparison, when the reception level is Pr ≦ Pr0 + Δ1, a switching operation from 64QAM to QPSK is performed (steps S53 → S55). As a result of switching as described above, the state changes from the state where the 64QAM transmitter 100A is used to the state where the QPSK transmitter 100B is used.

  On the other hand, when the QPSK transmitter 100B is currently selected (steps S51 → S56), the desired margin Δ1 and margin Δ2 are added to the reception level Pr extracted by the reception unit 11b and the required reception level Pr0 in the 64QAM modulation scheme. The threshold value (Pr0 + Δ1 + Δ2) is compared (step S57). The reason why the margin Δ2 is added in addition to the margin Δ1 is to prevent the switching flutter between 64QAM and QPSK, which is expected due to the temporal variation of the rainfall. Therefore, the relationship between the reception level Pr and the threshold (Pr0 + Δ1 + Δ2) is as shown in FIG.

  In this way, there is a difference between the threshold for switching to the state using the standby system and the threshold for switching to the state using the active system. Does not switch even if the reception level recovers to a value slightly higher than the threshold, but switches to the active system and the standby system due to temporal fluctuations in rainfall by switching when the reception level recovers to a higher threshold. Flapping can be prevented.

  Returning to FIG. 9, when the reception level is Pr <Pr0 + Δ1 + Δ2 as a result of the above comparison, the current operation is continued and the switching operation is not performed (steps S57 → S54). On the other hand, if the reception level is Pr ≧ Pr0 + Δ1 + Δ2 as a result of comparison, a switching operation from QPSK to 64QAM is performed (steps S57 → S58). As a result of this switching, the state changes from the state in which the QPSK transmitter 100B is used to the state in which the 64QAM transmitter 100A is used.

An example of the switching determination method of the reception SW switching determination unit 29 with respect to the switching determination of the transmission SW switching determination unit 27 will be described with reference to FIG.
In the figure, first, from the above-described selective reception SW information S31, it is determined which of the receivers 200A and 200B is currently selected by the reception switching SW8 (step S61).

  When the 64QAM receiver 200A is currently selected (steps S61 → S62), the reception SW switching determination unit 29 receives the respective synchronization signals from the demodulated signals demodulated by the 64QAM demodulation unit 10a and the QPSK demodulation unit 10b. If the synchronization signal can be extracted from the 64QAM demodulator 10a, the current operation is continued and the switching operation is not performed (steps S63 → S64). On the other hand, if extraction is impossible, the synchronization signal from the QPSK demodulator 10b is extracted again (steps S63 → S65). Further, if extraction is not possible, the device will issue an out-of-synchronization alarm (steps S65 → S66). If extraction is possible, reception switching from 64QAM to QPSK is performed by switching control of the reception switching SW8 (step S65). S65 → S67). As a result of the switching as described above, the state changes from the state where the 64QAM receiver 200A is used to the state where the QPSK receiver 200B is used.

  On the other hand, when the QPSK receiver 200B is currently selected (steps S61 to S68), the reception SW switching determination unit 29 is synchronized with the respective demodulated signals demodulated by the 64QAM demodulation unit 10a and the QPSK demodulation unit 10b. If the signal is extracted and the synchronization signal cannot be extracted from the QPSK demodulator 10a, an out-of-synchronization alarm is issued on the device side (step S69 → S70). If extraction is possible, the 64QAM demodulator 10b again Are extracted (steps S69 → S71). If extraction is impossible, the current operation is continued and no switching operation is performed (steps S71 → S72). If extraction is possible, reception switching from QPSK to 64QAM is performed by switching control of the reception switching SW8. (Steps S71 → S73). As a result of the switching as described above, the state changes from the state where the QPSK receiver 200B is used to the state where the 64QAM receiver 200A is used.

(Summary of current / preliminary switching control)
Here, a case will be described in which 64QAM is adopted for the active transmitter and receiver of the radio relay apparatus, and the QPSK modulation scheme is adopted for the standby transmitter and receiver.
FIG. 11 is a simulation diagram showing the overall C / N-rain attenuation characteristics when the section distance is fixed at 3.8 km with the same parameters as in FIG. 15.
In the figure, the required C / N when the code S1 is QPSK, the required C / N when the code S2 is 64QAM, and the code S3 are the total line design C / N when the section distance is fixed at 3.8 km.
Referring to the figure, it is possible to calculate the rain attenuation amount that can be assigned to each of 64QAM and QPSK. The line operation time for each modulation method was calculated from the attenuation.

  The annual operating time distribution is shown in FIG. 12 (a), and the line disconnection time and the annual operating time distribution for each modulation method in the asymmetric hot standby configuration according to the present invention are compared with the conventional hot standby configuration. is doing. Referring to the figure, in 99.98% (525, 498 minutes) of the year, the 64QAM modulation system can be operated, and the annual interruption time is suppressed to 0.004% (20 minutes / year). This corresponds to a reduction rate of 80% as compared with an annual interruption time of 0.019% (102 minutes / year) in the conventional hot standby configuration. Further, FIG. 12B shows a time distribution in the case where 128 QAM is adopted for the high speed side modem device under the same conditions. Here, the reduction rate of the above-mentioned line disconnection time is 93% (295 minutes / year ⇒ 20 minutes / year in terms of time), and the greater the number of high values on the high speed side, the greater the relief effect of the rain disconnection time according to the present invention. I understand that.

  As described above, in the radio relay apparatus that has employed the same modem with the same modulation multi-level number in the working and backup so far, the deterioration of the maximum propagation distance is large compared to QPSK by multi-leveling to 64 QAM or the like. It was. Therefore, by simultaneously mounting a 64QAM and QPSK modem in a wireless device, while satisfying the maximum propagation distance of QPSK so far, and without reducing the annual downtime, 64QAM multiple times in most of the year. Value communication is possible.

(Fourth embodiment)
Next, a fourth embodiment of the wireless relay device according to the present invention will be described. The wireless relay device according to the fourth embodiment is also arranged to face the wireless relay device having the same configuration in order to configure the wireless entrance system.
Unlike the cases of the first to third embodiments, the wireless relay device of the fourth embodiment has its own reception level, its own transmission power, and modulation multilevel in addition to the switching control function. Based on the required reception level according to the number, etc., it has a function of calculating the required transmission power of the local apparatus side transmitter and controlling the transmission power of the local apparatus side transmitter. The switching control function switches the transmitter of the own device based on the own device side required transmission power calculated based on the reception level of the own device, the transmission power of the own device, and the required reception level according to the modulation multi-level number. Timing information is transmitted to the opposite device as header information. On the other hand, the receiver of the opposite device switches the effective receiver in accordance with the switching timing of the own device side transmitter based on the header information. In other words, the switching determination and control based on the own device side required transmission power calculated based on the reception level of the own device, the transmission power of the own device, and the required reception level corresponding to the modulation multi-level number is the transmitter on the own device side. Switching and receiver switching of the opposite device. The present embodiment uses the feature that reception level deterioration due to rain attenuation in the transmission path between the own apparatus and the opposite apparatus is the same. This is because the own device and the opposite device do not move together and are fixed, and thus the reception level deterioration due to rain in the space between them is equal between the own device and the opposite device.

Note that the following description is only an explanation of line disconnection relief due to propagation path condition degradation, but it is equivalent to the case of the first embodiment in that a logical sum of two signals is taken for line disconnection relief due to a device failure. And
The wireless relay device of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. A high-frequency signal transmitted from another opposing radio relay apparatus (opposite station) is received by the antenna 7, passes through the duplexer 6, and then is distributed to the 64QAM receiver 200A and the QPSK receiver 200B by the distributor 9. Distributed. Next, the main signals demodulated by the demodulator 10a of 64QAM and the demodulator 10b of QPSK are respectively added to the reception switch SW8. Here, under the control of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′, the reception switching SW8 is switched to select one of the outputs of the receiver 200A and the receiver 200B. The output on the selected side becomes the output data of this apparatus.

  On the other hand, the signal input to this apparatus is distributed by the distributor 1 to the transmitter 100A of 64QAM and the transmitter 100B of QPSK. Thereafter, the signals modulated by the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b are converted into high frequency band signals by the transmission units 4a 'and 4b', and then input to the high frequency switching SW2. Here, the output of either the transmitter 100A or the transmitter 100B is selected by switching the high frequency switching SW2 under the control of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 '. The output on the selected side passes through the duplexer 6 as a high-frequency output signal of this apparatus, and then is output to the opposite radio relay apparatus via the antenna 7. Here, the transmission power of the outputs of the transmission unit 4a 'and the transmission unit 4b' is determined by the control of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 '. The QPSK modulation unit 3b includes a buffer (not shown) that temporarily stores overflow information, and compensates for loss due to data overflow as much as possible.

(Configuration example of switching control unit / transmission power control unit)
Here, a configuration example of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′ in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Referring to the figure, the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′ calculates the required transmission power based on the reception level measurement result, the transmission power information held by the own device, and the required reception level for each modulation multi-level number. The transmission power determination / control unit 83 that determines whether or not the active device and the standby device are switched, and the transmission SW switching control unit 25 that transmits a switching control signal corresponding to the determination result, are inserted by the opposing devices. And a receiving SW switching control unit 26 for sending a switching control signal generated based on the switching timing information.

Next, an operation flow of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′ configured as described above will be described.
First, the switching flow on the transmission side will be described. The receiving units 11a and 11b measure the reception level Pr, and send measurement signals S16 and S17 to the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′. Next, in the transmission power determination / control unit 83, the own device side required transmission power calculated from the measurement signals S16, S17, the transmission power of the own device, and the required reception level according to the modulation multi-level number, the active device, the standby Based on information indicating which of the devices is currently selected, it is determined whether or not the active device and the standby device are switched, and the transmission power is further determined. The transmission power of the transmission units 4a ′ and 4b ′ is controlled by the transmission power control information S81 and S82 corresponding to the determined transmission power. Further, the switching control signal S12 is sent from the transmission SW switching control unit 25 according to the determination result of switching between the active device and the standby device, and the high frequency switching SW2 is switched. At that time, the transmission SW switching control unit 25 outputs the switching timing information SS18 and SS19, and is inserted into the transmission signal to the opposite device in the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b. By referring to the inserted switching timing information in the opposite device, the transmission switching timing of the own device and the reception switching timing of the opposite device can be matched. At that time, the selected transmission SW information S27 is fed back to the transmission power determination / control unit 83 so that it can be used for determination of transmission power and determination for switching.

  Next, the receiving side switching flow will be described. First, the switching timing information S14 ′ and S15 ′ inserted by the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b on the opposite device side are extracted by the 64QAM demodulation unit 10a and the QPSK demodulation unit 10b of the own station (own device), respectively. To do. Then, based on the extracted switching timing information S14 'and S15', a switching control signal S13 is sent from the reception SW switching control unit 26 to switch the reception switching SW8.

(Transmission power setting value calculation / switching judgment example)
Next, an example of the transmission power setting value calculation method and the switching determination method of the transmission power determination / control unit 83 in FIG. 18 will be described.
First, based on the selected transmission SW information S27 described above, it is determined which of the transmitters 100A and 100B is currently selected in the high frequency switching SW2.
When the 64QAM transmitter 100A is currently selected, the required transmission power is determined based on the reception level Pr extracted by the reception unit 11a, the required reception level Pr0 in the 64QAM modulation scheme held by the own apparatus, and the transmission power information. It calculates with the following formula | equation (3).
Required transmission power (64QAM) = current transmission power (64QAM) + required reception level Pr0−reception level Pr (3)
Here, a margin may be added to the required reception level Pr0. By adding a margin, it is possible to prevent line disconnection due to sudden rain attenuation.

When the reception level is Pr <Pr0 and the required transmission power exceeds the maximum transmission power of the apparatus, it is determined to switch to the QPSK transmitter 100B. In this case, the required transmission power in QPSK is calculated by the following equation (4) based on the required reception level Pr1 of QPSK, the required reception level Pr0 of 64QAM, and the information of the required transmission power of 64QAM calculated above.
Required transmission power (QPSK) = Required transmission power (64QAM) + Required reception level Pr1-Required reception level Pr0 (4)

  The transmission power of the QPSK transmitter 100B is controlled by the calculated required transmission power of QPSK. Further, a switching operation is performed based on the switching determination result. That is, in the modulation unit 3a, the switching timing information is inserted into the header of the transmission signal to the opposite device. As described with reference to FIG. 5, this switching timing information is also inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300, and the notified information notifies in advance that switching is performed after, for example, three frames. Then, the high-frequency switching SW2 of the own device is switched in accordance with the timing of reception switching in the opposing device. As a result of switching as described above, the state changes from the state where the 64QAM transmitter 100A is used to the state where the QPSK transmitter 100B is used.

In cases other than the above conditions, the transmission power of the 64QAM transmitter 100A is controlled by the calculated required transmission power of 64QAM, and the switching operation is not performed.
On the other hand, when the QPSK transmitter 100B is currently selected, the required transmission is performed based on the reception level Pr extracted by the reception unit 11b, the required reception level Pr1 in the QPSK modulation method held by the own apparatus, and transmission power information. The electric power is calculated by the following equation (5).
Required transmission power (QPSK) = Current transmission power (QPSK) + Required reception level Pr1−Reception level Pr (5)
Here, a margin may be added to the required reception level Pr1. By adding a margin, it is possible to prevent line disconnection due to sudden rain attenuation.

  When the reception level is Pr <Pr0 and the calculated required transmission power of QPSK exceeds the maximum transmission power of the apparatus, the transmission power of QPSK is controlled to the maximum transmission power. In this case, the calculated required transmission power of QPSK is held in a memory or the like, and is used for calculation by substituting the current transmission power value of QPSK for the next calculation of required transmission power of QPSK ( (The actual maximum transmission power value is not used to calculate the required transmission power.)

When the reception level is Pr <Pr0 and the calculated required transmission power of QPSK is less than or equal to the maximum transmission power of the apparatus, the transmission power of the QPSK transmitter 100B is controlled to switch to the calculated required transmission power value of QPSK. No action is taken.
The reception level is Pr> Pr0, and the difference between the maximum transmission power and the calculated required transmission power of QPSK is greater than or equal to the difference between the required reception level Pr0 of 64QAM and the required reception level Pr1 of QPSK plus a margin. If it is, the switching to the 64QAM transmitter 100A is determined. The reason for adding the margin is to prevent the flapping of switching between 64QAM and QPSK, which is expected due to the temporal variation of the rain attenuation amount. When it is determined to switch to the 64QAM transmitter 100A, the required transmission power of 64QAM is calculated by the following equation (6).
Required transmission power (64QAM) = Required transmission power (QPSK) + Required reception level Pr0−Required reception level Pr1 (6)

The transmission power of the 64QAM transmitter 100A is controlled with the calculated required transmission power of 64QAM. Further, a switching operation is performed based on the switching determination result. That is, in the modulation unit 3b, the switching timing information is inserted into the header of the transmission signal to the opposite device. As described with reference to FIG. 5, this switching timing information is also inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300, and the notified information notifies in advance that switching is performed after, for example, three frames. Then, the high-frequency switching SW2 of the own device is switched in accordance with the timing of reception switching in the opposing device. As a result of switching as described above, the state changes from the state in which the QPSK transmitter 100B is used to the state in which the 64QAM transmitter 100A is used.
In cases other than the above conditions, the transmission power of the QPSK transmitter 100B is controlled by the calculated required transmission power of QPSK, and the switching operation is not performed.

(Fifth embodiment)
Next, a fifth embodiment of the wireless relay device according to the present invention will be described. The wireless relay device of the fifth embodiment is also arranged to face the wireless relay device having the same configuration in order to configure the wireless entrance system.
Unlike the case of the first to fourth embodiments, the wireless relay device of the fifth embodiment includes the switching control function, the reception level of the own device, and the opposite device held by the own device. Based on the transmission power and the required reception level according to the modulation multi-level number, etc., the transmission power of the opposite device side transmitter is calculated, and the transmission power of the opposite device side transmitter is controlled. In order to control the transmission power of the opposite device side transmitter, the opposite device calculated based on the reception level of the own device, the transmission power of the opposite device held by the own device and the required reception level according to the modulation multi-level number, etc. The transmission power control information of the device side transmitter is transmitted to the opposite device as header information. On the other hand, the transmitter of the opposite device controls the transmission power of the transmitter based on the header information. The switching control function is based on the reception level of the own device, the transmission power of the opposite device held by the device, and the required transmission power of the opposite device calculated based on the required reception level according to the modulation multi-level number. The transmission switching control information is transmitted as header information to the opposite device. On the other hand, in the transmitter of the opposite device, the effective transmitter is switched in accordance with the switching timing of the own device receiver based on the header information. In other words, switching determination / control is performed based on the reception level of the own device, the transmission power of the opposite device side transmitter held by the own device, and the required transmission power of the opposite device calculated based on the required reception level according to the modulation multi-level number This is the receiver switching on the own device side and the transmitter switching on the opposite device. The present embodiment uses the feature that reception level deterioration due to rain attenuation in the transmission path between the own apparatus and the opposite apparatus is the same. This is because the own device and the opposite device do not move together and are fixed, and thus the reception level deterioration due to rain in the space between them is equal between the own device and the opposite device.

Note that the following description is only an explanation of line disconnection relief due to propagation path condition degradation, but it is equivalent to the case of the first embodiment in that a logical sum of two signals is taken for line disconnection relief due to a device failure. And
The wireless relay device of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. A high-frequency signal transmitted from another opposing radio relay apparatus (opposite station) is received by the antenna 7, passes through the duplexer 6, and then is distributed to the 64QAM receiver 200A and the QPSK receiver 200B by the distributor 9. Distributed. Next, the main signals demodulated by the demodulator 10a of 64QAM and the demodulator 10b of QPSK are respectively added to the reception switch SW8. Here, under the control of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′, the reception switching SW8 is switched to select one of the outputs of the receiver 200A and the receiver 200B. The output on the selected side becomes the output data of this apparatus.

  On the other hand, the signal input to this apparatus is distributed by the distributor 1 to the transmitter 100A of 64QAM and the transmitter 100B of QPSK. Thereafter, the signals modulated by the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b are converted into high frequency band signals by the transmission units 4a 'and 4b', and then input to the high frequency switching SW2. Here, the output of either the transmitter 100A or the transmitter 100B is selected by switching the high frequency switching SW2 under the control of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 '. The output on the selected side passes through the duplexer 6 as a high-frequency output signal of this apparatus, and then is output to the opposite radio relay apparatus via the antenna 7. Here, the transmission power is determined by the control of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′. The QPSK modulation unit 3b includes a buffer (not shown) that temporarily stores overflow information, and compensates for loss due to data overflow as much as possible.

(Configuration example of switching control unit / transmission power control unit)
Here, a configuration example of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′ in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Referring to the figure, the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′ determines the opposite device according to the reception level measurement result, the transmission power information of the opposite device held by the own device, and the required reception level for each modulation multi-level number. The transmission power determination / control unit 84 that calculates the required transmission power of the active device and the standby device, and the reception SW switching control unit 22 that transmits a switching control signal corresponding to the determination result. Based on the transmission power control information inserted by the device that performs the transmission power control unit 85 that controls the transmission power of the transmission unit, and the switching control that is generated based on the transmission switching control information that is inserted by the opposite device And a transmission SW switching control unit 23 for transmitting a signal.

Next, an operation flow of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′ configured as described above will be described.
First, the switching flow on the receiving side will be described. The receiving units 11a and 11b measure the reception level Pr, and send measurement signals S16 and S17 to the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′. Next, in the transmission power determination / control unit 84, the opposite device side required transmission calculated based on the measurement signals S16 and S17 and the transmission power of the opposite device held by the own device and the required reception level corresponding to the modulation multi-level number. Based on the power and information on which of the active device and the standby device is currently selected, the presence / absence of switching between the active device and the standby device is determined, and the required transmission power of the opposite station is determined. At this time, the transmission power determination / control unit 84 outputs the transmission power control information SSS18 and SSS19 of the opposite station, and is inserted into the transmission signal to the opposite device in the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b.

  Further, the switching control signal S13 is sent from the reception SW switching control unit 22 according to the determination result of switching between the active device and the standby device, and the reception switching SW8 is switched. At that time, the reception SW switching control unit 22 outputs transmission switching control information SS18 and SS19, and is inserted into the transmission signal to the opposite device in the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b. By referring to the inserted transmission switching control information in the opposite device, the reception switching timing of the own device and the transmission switching timing of the opposite device can be matched. At this time, the selected reception SW information S20 is fed back to the transmission power determination / control unit 84, so that it can be used for determination of transmission power of the opposite device and determination for switching determination.

  Next, the transmission side switching flow will be described. First, transmission switching control information S14 and S15 inserted by the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b on the opposite device side are respectively extracted by the 64QAM demodulation unit 10a and the QPSK demodulation unit 10b of the own station (own device). . Then, based on the extracted transmission switching control information S14 and S15, a switching control signal S12 is sent from the transmission SW switching control unit 23 to switch the high frequency switching SW2. Also, together with the transmission switching control signal, the transmission power inserted by the 64QAM demodulation unit 3a and QPSK modulation unit 3b on the opposite device side in the 64QAM demodulation unit 10a and QPSK demodulation unit 10b of the own station (own device). Control information SSS14 and SSS15 are extracted, respectively. Based on the extracted transmission power control information SSS14 and SSS15, transmission power control information S81 and S82 are transmitted from the transmission power control unit 85 to control the transmission power of the transmission units 4a 'and 4b'.

(Transmission power setting value calculation / switching judgment example)
Next, an example of the transmission power setting value calculation method and the switching determination method of the transmission power determination / control unit 84 in FIG. 19 will be described.
First, based on the selective reception SW information S20 described above, it is determined which of the receivers 200A and 200B is currently selected by the reception switching SW8.
When the 64QAM receiver 200A is currently selected, the reception level Pr extracted by the reception unit 11a, the required reception level Pr0 in the 64QAM modulation scheme held by the own apparatus, and the information on the transmission power of the opposite station are opposite. The required transmission power of the station is calculated by the following equation (7).
Required transmission power (64QAM) = current transmission power (64QAM) + required reception level Pr0−reception level Pr (7)
Here, a margin may be added to the required reception level Pr0. By adding a margin, it is possible to prevent line disconnection due to sudden rain attenuation.

When the reception level is Pr <Pr0 and the required transmission power exceeds the maximum transmission power of the apparatus, a switching operation is performed on the QPSK receiver 200B. That is, in the modulation unit 3a, transmission switching control information is inserted in the header of the transmission signal to the opposite device. This transmission switching control information is inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300 and notified to the opposite device. Then, the reception switching SW 8 of the own device is switched in accordance with the transmission switching timing of the opposite device using the transmission switching control information. As a result of switching as described above, the state changes from the state in which the 64QAM receiver 200A is used to the state in which the QPSK receiver 200B is used. The transmission power control information is notified to the opposite device together with the transmission switching control information, and the transmission power of the QPSK transmitter 100B of the opposite device is controlled. In this case, the required transmission power of QPSK on the opposite device side is determined by the required transmission power of QPSK of the opposite device based on the required reception level Pr1 of QPSK, the required reception level Pr0 of 64QAM, and the required transmission power of 64QAM of the opposite device calculated above. Is calculated by the following equation (8).
Required transmission power (QPSK) = Required transmission power (64QAM) + Required reception level Pr1-Required reception level Pr0 (8)
The transmission power of the QPSK transmitter 100B of the opposite apparatus is controlled by the required transmission power of the opposite apparatus QPSK calculated by the equation (8).

In cases other than the above conditions, the transmission power control information of the opposite device is inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300 in the 64QAM modulation unit 3a by the calculated required transmission power of 64QAM of the opposite device, Be notified. In the opposite device, the transmission power of the 64QAM transmitter is controlled by the transmission power control information.
On the other hand, when the QPSK receiver 200B is currently selected, the reception level Pr extracted by the reception unit 11b, the required reception level Pr1 in the QPSK modulation method held by the own device, and the transmission power information of the opposite device Then, the required transmission power of QPSK of the opposite device is calculated by the following equation (9).
Required transmission power (QPSK) = Current transmission power (QPSK) + Required reception level Pr1−Reception level Pr (9)
Here, a margin may be added to the required reception level Pr1. By adding a margin, it is possible to prevent line disconnection due to sudden rain attenuation.

  When the reception level is Pr <Pr0 and the calculated required transmission power of QPSK of the opposite device exceeds the maximum transmission power of the device, the transmission power of QPSK of the opposite device is set as the maximum transmission power. In this case, the calculated required transmission power of QPSK of the opposite device is held in a memory or the like, and next time, when the required transmission power of QPSK of the opposite device is calculated, it is substituted for the current transmission power value of the opposite device QPSK, Used to perform calculations. The actually set maximum transmission power value is not used for calculating the required transmission power. Based on the determined maximum transmission power, the transmission power control information of the opposite device is inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300 in the modulation unit 3b of QPSK and notified to the opposite device. In the opposite device, the transmission power of the QPSK transmitter is controlled by the transmission power control information.

  When the reception level is Pr <Pr0 and the calculated required transmission power of QPSK of the opposite device is equal to or less than the maximum transmission power of the device, the calculated required transmission power of QPSK of the opposite device is set. Based on the determined transmission power, the transmission power control information of the opposite device is inserted into the header section 301 of the transmission frame 300 in the modulation unit 3b of QPSK and notified to the opposite device. In the opposite device, the transmission power of the QPSK transmitter is controlled by the transmission power control information.

The reception level is Pr> Pr0, and the difference between the maximum transmission power and the calculated required QPSK required transmission power of the opposite device is a value obtained by adding a margin to the difference between the required reception level Pr0 of 64QAM and the required reception level Pr1 of QPSK. In the case described above, the switching operation is performed on the 64QAM receiver 200A. The reason for adding the margin is to prevent the flapping of switching between 64QAM and QPSK, which is expected due to the temporal variation of the rain attenuation amount. That is, in the modulation unit 3a, transmission switching control information is inserted in the header of the transmission signal to the opposite device. This transmission switching control information is inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300 and notified to the opposite device. Then, the reception switching SW 8 of the own device is switched in accordance with the transmission switching timing of the opposite device using the transmission switching control information. As a result of the switching as described above, the state changes from the state where the QPSK receiver 200B is used to the state where the 64QAM receiver 200A is used. In addition, the transmission power control information is notified to the opposite device together with the transmission switching control information, and the transmission power of the 64QAM transmitter 100A of the opposite device is controlled. The required transmission power of 64QAM on the opposite device side in this case is the required transmission power of 64QAM of the opposite device based on the required reception level Pr0 of 64QAM, the required reception level Pr1 of QPSK and the required transmission power of QPSK of the opposite device calculated above. Is calculated by the following equation (10).
Required transmission power (64QAM) = Required transmission power (QPSK) + Required reception level Pr0−Required reception level Pr1 (10)
The transmission power of 64QAM transmitter 100A of the opposite device is controlled by the required transmission power of 64QAM of the opposite device calculated by this equation (10).

  In cases other than the above conditions, the transmission power of the QPSK transmitter 100B of the opposite apparatus is controlled by the calculated required transmission power of QPSK, and the switching operation is not performed. Based on the calculated required transmission power of the opposite device QPSK, the transmission power control information of the opposite device is inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300 in the QPSK modulation unit 3b and notified to the opposite device. In the opposite device, the transmission power of QPSK is controlled by the transmission power control information.

(Sixth embodiment)
Next, a sixth embodiment of the wireless relay device according to the present invention will be described. The radio relay apparatus according to the sixth embodiment is also arranged to face a radio relay apparatus having an equivalent configuration in order to constitute a radio entrance system.
Unlike the case of the first to fifth embodiments, the wireless relay device of the sixth embodiment has its own reception level, transmission power information from the opposite device, its own device, in addition to the switching control function. Based on the line information held in the network, the rain attenuation amount is calculated, and the transmission power of the local apparatus side transmitter is controlled. The switching control function switches the transmitter of the own device based on the reception level of the own device, the rain attenuation calculated from the transmission power information and the line information from the opposite device, and sends the switching timing information to the opposite device as header information. Send as. On the other hand, the receiver of the opposite device switches the effective receiver in accordance with the switching timing of the own device side transmitter based on the header information. In other words, switching determination and control based on the rain attenuation calculated based on the reception level of the own device, the transmission power information from the opposite device, and the line information are the transmitter switching of the own device and the receiver of the opposite device. It is switching. The present embodiment uses the feature that reception level deterioration due to rain attenuation in the transmission path between the own apparatus and the opposite apparatus is the same. This is because the own device and the opposite device do not move together and are fixed, and thus the reception level deterioration due to rain in the space between them is equal between the own device and the opposite device.

Note that the following description is only an explanation of line disconnection relief due to propagation path condition degradation, but it is equivalent to the case of the first embodiment in that a logical sum of two signals is taken for line disconnection relief due to a device failure. And
The wireless relay device of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. A high-frequency signal transmitted from another opposing radio relay apparatus (opposite station) is received by the antenna 7, passes through the duplexer 6, and then is distributed to the 64QAM receiver 200A and the QPSK receiver 200B by the distributor 9. Distributed. Next, the main signals demodulated by the demodulator 10a of 64QAM and the demodulator 10b of QPSK are respectively added to the reception switch SW8. Here, under the control of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′, the reception switching SW8 is switched to select one of the outputs of the receiver 200A and the receiver 200B. The output on the selected side becomes the output data of this apparatus.

  On the other hand, the signal input to this apparatus is distributed by the distributor 1 to the transmitter 100A of 64QAM and the transmitter 100B of QPSK. Thereafter, the signals modulated by the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b are converted into high frequency band signals by the transmission units 4a 'and 4b', and then input to the high frequency switching SW2. Here, the output of either the transmitter 100A or the transmitter 100B is selected by switching the high frequency switching SW2 under the control of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 '. The output on the selected side passes through the duplexer 6 as a high-frequency output signal of this apparatus, and then is output to the opposite radio relay apparatus via the antenna 7. Here, the transmission power is determined by the control of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′. The QPSK modulation unit 3b includes a buffer (not shown) that temporarily stores overflow information, and compensates for loss due to data overflow as much as possible.

(Configuration example of switching control unit / transmission power control unit)
Here, a configuration example of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′ in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Referring to the figure, the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′ calculates the rain attenuation based on the measurement result of the reception level, the transmission power information from the opposite device, and the line information held by the own device, A transmission power determination / control unit 86 that determines whether the active device and the standby device are switched and the transmission power of the transmitter from the calculated rain attenuation amount, and a transmission SW switching control unit that transmits a switching control signal corresponding to the determination result 25 and a reception SW switching control unit 26 that transmits a switching control signal generated based on switching timing information inserted by the opposite device.

Next, an operation flow of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′ configured as described above will be described.
First, the switching flow on the transmission side will be described. The receiving units 11a and 11b measure the reception level Pr, and send measurement signals S16 and S17 to the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′. Further, the transmission power information SS14 and SS15 inserted by the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b on the opposite device side are extracted by the demodulation units 10a and 10b, respectively. Then, the extracted transmission power information SS14, SS15 is sent to the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′. Next, the transmission power determination / control unit 86 calculates the rain attenuation amount calculated from the measurement signals S16 and S17, the transmission power information SS14 and SS15 from the opposite device, and the line information held by the own device, and the active device. Based on the information on which of the spare devices is currently selected, the presence / absence of switching between the active device and the spare device is determined, and the required transmission power is further determined. The transmission power of the transmission units 4a ′ and 4b ′ is controlled by the determined required transmission power control information S81 and S82. At that time, the transmission power determination / control unit 86 outputs transmission power information S18 ′ and S19 ′, and is inserted into the transmission signal to the opposite apparatus in the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b. Further, the switching control signal S12 is sent from the transmission SW switching control unit 25 according to the determination result of switching between the active device and the standby device, and the high frequency switching SW2 is switched. At that time, the transmission SW switching control unit 25 outputs the switching timing information SS18 and SS19, and is inserted into the transmission signal to the opposite device in the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b. By referring to the inserted switching timing information SS18, SS19 in the opposite device, the transmission switching timing of the own device and the reception switching timing of the opposite device can be matched. At this time, the selected transmission SW information S27 is fed back to the transmission power determination / control unit 86, so that it can be used for determination of transmission power and determination for switching determination.

  Next, the receiving side switching flow will be described. First, the switching timing information S14 ′ and S15 ′ inserted by the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b on the opposite device side are extracted by the 64QAM demodulation unit 10a and the QPSK demodulation unit 10b of the own station (own device), respectively. To do. Then, based on the extracted switching timing information S14 'and S15', a switching control signal S13 is sent from the reception SW switching control unit 26 to switch the reception switching SW8.

(Transmission power setting value calculation / switching judgment example)
Next, an example of the transmission power setting value calculation method and the switching determination method of the transmission power determination / control unit 86 in FIG. 20 will be described.
First, based on the selected transmission SW information S27 described above, it is determined which of the transmitters 100A and 100B is currently selected in the high frequency switching SW2.
When the 64QAM transmitter 100A is currently selected, the reception level Pr extracted by the receiving unit 11a, the transmission power information from the opposite device extracted by the demodulating unit 10a, and the line information held by the own device The rain attenuation amount is calculated by the following equation (11).
Rain attenuation = transmission power information−reception level Pr + line information (11)
Here, the line information is given by the following equation (12), and the value is a constant.
Line information = opposite device transmission ANT gain + own device reception ANT gain-opposite device transmission system power supply system loss-own device reception system power supply system loss-free space propagation loss (12)

From the calculated rain attenuation, the optimum modulation scheme corresponding to the rain attenuation and the required transmission power are determined with reference to the correspondence table 1 held in the own apparatus. Here, in the correspondence table 1, for example, as shown in FIG. 35, the correspondence between the optimum modulation method corresponding to the value of the rain attenuation and the required transmission power in that case is described. Here, the required transmission power in the correspondence table 1 may be set to one value for 64QAM and QPSK as shown in FIG. 35, or different values for 64QAM and QPSK as shown in FIG. May be set.
As a result of referring to the correspondence table 1, when the optimum modulation scheme is the 64QAM modulation scheme, the switching operation is not performed. Based on the determined required transmission power, the transmission power of the transmitter 100A of 64QAM is controlled. The transmission power information of the own device is inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300 in the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and notified to the opposite device.

  As a result of referring to the correspondence table 1, when the optimum modulation method is QPSK, the switching operation is performed based on the switching determination result. That is, in the modulation unit 3a, the switching timing information is inserted into the header of the transmission signal to the opposite device. This switching timing information is inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300, and the notified information notifies in advance that switching is performed, for example, after three frames. Then, the high-frequency switching SW2 of the own device is switched in accordance with the timing of reception switching in the opposing device. As a result of switching as described above, the state changes from the state where the 64QAM transmitter 100A is used to the state where the QPSK transmitter 100B is used. The transmission power of the QPSK transmitter 100B is controlled by the determined transmission power. The transmission power information of the own device is inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300 by the modulation unit 3b of QPSK and notified to the opposite device.

On the other hand, when the QPSK transmitter 100B is currently selected, the following equation (13) is obtained from the reception level Pr extracted by the reception unit 11b, the transmission power information of the opposite device extracted by the demodulation unit 10b, and the line information. Calculate the rain attenuation.
Rain attenuation = transmission power information−reception level Pr + line information (13)
Here, the line information is given by the following equation (14), and the value is a constant.
Line information = opposite device transmission ANT gain + own device reception ANT gain-opposite device transmission system power supply system loss-own device reception system power supply system loss-free space propagation loss (14)

  Based on the calculated rain attenuation, the optimum modulation scheme corresponding to the rain attenuation and the required transmission power are determined with reference to the correspondence table 2 held in the own apparatus. Here, in the correspondence table 2, for example, as shown in FIG. 36, the correspondence between the optimum modulation scheme corresponding to the value of the rain attenuation and the required transmission power in that case is described. Here, the required transmission power in the correspondence table 2 may be set to one value for 64QAM and QPSK as shown in FIG. 36, or different values for 64QAM and QPSK as shown in FIG. May be set.

The correspondence table 2 is different from the above correspondence table 1 in that the rain attenuation value for switching from 64QAM to QPSK in the correspondence table 1 and the rain attenuation value for switching from QPSK to 64QAM in the correspondence table 2 are as follows. Is a different point. The reason why the switching points are different is to prevent the flapping of switching between 64QAM and QPSK, which is expected due to the temporal variation of the rain attenuation.
As a result of referring to the correspondence table 2, when the optimum modulation method is QPSK, the switching operation is not performed. The transmission power of the QPSK transmitter 100B is controlled based on the determined required transmission power. The transmission power information of the own apparatus is inserted into the header section 301 of the transmission frame 300 in the QPSK modulation section 3b and notified to the opposite apparatus.

  As a result of referring to the correspondence table 2, when the optimum modulation scheme is 64QAM, the switching operation is performed based on the switching determination result. That is, in the modulation unit 3b, the switching timing information is inserted into the header of the transmission signal to the opposite device. This switching timing information is inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300, and the notified information notifies in advance that switching is performed, for example, after three frames. Then, the high-frequency switching SW2 of the own device is switched in accordance with the timing of reception switching in the opposing device. As a result of switching as described above, the state changes from the state in which the QPSK transmitter 100B is used to the state in which the 64QAM transmitter 100A is used. The transmission power of the 64QAM transmitter 100A is controlled based on the determined required transmission power. The transmission power information of the own apparatus is inserted into the header section 301 of the transmission frame 300 by the 64QAM modulation section 3a and notified to the opposite apparatus.

(Seventh embodiment)
Next, a seventh embodiment of the wireless relay device according to the present invention will be described. The wireless relay device of the seventh embodiment is also arranged opposite to a wireless relay device having an equivalent configuration in order to configure a wireless entrance system.
Unlike the case of the first to sixth embodiments, the wireless relay device of the seventh embodiment has its own reception level, transmission power information from the opposite device, its own device, in addition to the switching control function. Has a function of calculating the rain attenuation amount on the basis of the line information and so on and controlling the transmission power of the opposite device side transmitter. In order to control the transmission power of the opposite device side transmitter, the transmission power control information of the opposite device determined from the rain attenuation is transmitted as header information to the opposite device. On the other hand, the transmitter of the opposite device controls the transmission power of the transmitter based on the header information. The switching control function is used to switch the transmitter of the opposite device based on the rain attenuation calculated based on the reception level of the own device, the transmission power information from the opposite device and the line information held by the own device. The switching control information is transmitted to the opposite device as header information. On the other hand, the transmitter of the opposite device switches the effective transmitter in accordance with the switching timing of the own device receiver based on the header information. In other words, the switching determination / control based on the reception level of the own device, the transmission power information from the opposite device, and the rain attenuation calculated by the line information held by the own device is the transmitter switching of the opposite device. It is the receiver switching of its own device. The present embodiment uses the feature that reception level deterioration due to rain attenuation in the transmission path between the own apparatus and the opposite apparatus is the same. This is because the own device and the opposite device do not move together and are fixed, and thus the reception level deterioration due to rain in the space between them is equal between the own device and the opposite device.

Note that the following description is only an explanation of line disconnection relief due to propagation path condition degradation, but it is equivalent to the case of the first embodiment in that a logical sum of two signals is taken for line disconnection relief due to a device failure. And
The wireless relay device of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. A high-frequency signal transmitted from another opposing radio relay apparatus (opposite station) is received by the antenna 7, passes through the duplexer 6, and then is distributed to the 64QAM receiver 200A and the QPSK receiver 200B by the distributor 9. Distributed. Next, the main signals demodulated by the demodulator 10a of 64QAM and the demodulator 10b of QPSK are respectively added to the reception switch SW8. Here, under the control of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′, the reception switching SW8 is switched to select one of the outputs of the receiver 200A and the receiver 200B. The output on the selected side becomes the output data of this apparatus.

  On the other hand, the signal input to this apparatus is distributed by the distributor 1 to the transmitter 100A of 64QAM and the transmitter 100B of QPSK. Thereafter, the signals modulated by the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b are converted into high frequency band signals by the transmission units 4a 'and 4b', and then input to the high frequency switching SW2. Here, the output of either the transmitter 100A or the transmitter 100B is selected by switching the high frequency switching SW2 under the control of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 '. The output on the selected side passes through the duplexer 6 as a high-frequency output signal of this apparatus, and then is output to the opposite radio relay apparatus via the antenna 7. Here, the transmission power is determined by the control of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′. The QPSK modulation unit 3b includes a buffer (not shown) that temporarily stores overflow information, and compensates for loss due to data overflow as much as possible.

(Configuration example of switching control unit / transmission power control unit)
Here, a configuration example of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′ in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. Referring to the figure, the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′ calculates the rain attenuation amount based on the reception level measurement result, the transmission power information from the opposite device, and the line information held by the own device, A transmission power determination / control unit 87 that determines whether the active device and the standby device are switched and the transmission power of the transmitter of the opposite device from the calculated rain attenuation, and a reception SW that transmits a switching control signal corresponding to the determination result Based on the transmission control information inserted in the switching control unit 22 and the opposite device, the transmission power control unit 88 that controls the transmission power of the transmission unit, and the transmission switching control information inserted in the opposite device And a transmission SW switching control unit 23 that transmits a switching control signal generated based on the transmission control signal.

Next, an operation flow of the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′ configured as described above will be described.
First, the switching flow on the receiving unit side will be described. The receiving units 11a and 11b measure the reception level Pr, and send measurement signals S16 and S17 to the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′. Further, the transmission power information SS14 and SS15 inserted by the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b on the opposite device side are extracted by the demodulation units 10a and 10b, respectively. Then, the extracted transmission power information SS14, SS15 is sent to the switching control unit / transmission power control unit 5 ′. Next, in the transmission power determination / control unit 87, the rain attenuation amount calculated from the measurement signals S16 and S17, the transmission power information SS14 and SS15 from the opposite device, and the line information held by the own device, and the active device Based on the information on which of the standby devices is currently selected, it is determined whether or not the active device and the standby device are switched, and the required transmission power of the opposite station is determined. At this time, the transmission power determination / control unit 87 outputs the transmission power control information SSS18 and SSS19 of the opposite station, and is inserted into the transmission signal to the opposite device in the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b. Further, the switching control signal S13 is sent from the reception SW switching control unit 22 according to the determination result of switching between the active device and the standby device, and the reception switching SW8 is switched. At that time, the reception SW switching control unit 22 outputs transmission switching control information S18 and S19, and is inserted into the transmission signal to the opposite apparatus in the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b. By referring to the inserted transmission switching control information in the opposite device, the reception switching timing of the own device and the transmission switching timing of the opposite device can be matched. At this time, the selected reception SW information S20 is fed back to the transmission power determination / control unit 87, so that it can be used for determination of transmission power of the opposite device and determination for switching determination.

  Next, the transmission side switching flow will be described. First, transmission switching control information S14 and S15 inserted by the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b on the opposite device side are respectively extracted by the 64QAM demodulation unit 10a and the QPSK demodulation unit 10b of the own station (own device). . Then, based on the extracted transmission switching control information S14 and S15, a switching control signal S12 is sent from the transmission SW switching control unit 23 to switch the high frequency switching SW2. Also, together with the transmission switching control signal, the transmission power inserted by the 64QAM demodulation unit 3a and QPSK modulation unit 3b on the opposite device side in the 64QAM demodulation unit 10a and QPSK demodulation unit 10b of the own station (own device). Control information SSS14 and SSS15 are extracted, respectively. Based on the extracted transmission power control information SSS14 and SSS15, transmission power control information S81 and S82 are transmitted from the transmission power control unit 88 to control the transmission power of the transmission units 4a 'and 4b'. At that time, the transmission power control unit 88 outputs transmission power information S18 'and S19', and is inserted into the transmission signal to the opposite apparatus in the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b.

(Transmission power setting value calculation / switching judgment example)
Next, an example of the transmission power setting value calculation method and the switching determination method of the opposite apparatus in the transmission power determination / control unit 87 in FIG. 21 will be described.
First, based on the selective reception SW information S20 described above, it is determined which of the receivers 200A and 200B is currently selected by the reception switching SW8.
When the 64QAM receiver 200A is currently selected, the reception level Pr extracted by the receiving unit 11a, transmission power information from the opposite device extracted by the demodulating unit 10a, and line information held by the own device The rain attenuation is calculated by the following equation (15).
Rain attenuation = transmission power information−reception level Pr + line information (15)
Here, the line information is given by the following equation (16), and the value is a constant.
Line information = opposite device transmission ANT gain + own device reception ANT gain-opposite device transmission system power supply system loss-own device reception system power supply system loss-free space propagation loss (16)

  Based on the calculated rain attenuation, the optimum modulation method corresponding to the rain attenuation and the transmission power of the opposite device are determined with reference to the correspondence table 1 held in the own device. Here, in the correspondence table 1, for example, as shown in FIG. 35, the correspondence between the optimum modulation method corresponding to the value of the rain attenuation and the required transmission power in that case is described. Here, the required transmission power in the correspondence table 1 may be set to one value for 64QAM and QPSK as shown in FIG. 35, or different values for 64QAM and QPSK as shown in FIG. May be set.

  As a result of referring to the correspondence table 1, when the optimum modulation scheme is the 64QAM modulation scheme, the switching operation is not performed. Based on the determined transmission power, the transmission power control information of the opposite device is inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300 and notified to the opposite device in the 64QAM modulation unit 3a. In the opposite apparatus, 64QAM transmission power is controlled by the transmission power control information. The transmission power information on the opposite device side is inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300 by the 64QAM modulation unit 3a on the opposite device side and notified to the own device side.

  As a result of referring to the correspondence table 1, when the optimum modulation method is QPSK, the switching operation is performed based on the switching determination result. That is, in the modulation unit 3a, transmission switching control information is inserted in the header of the transmission signal to the opposite device. This transmission switching control information is inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300 and notified to the opposite device. Then, the reception switching SW 8 of the own device is switched in accordance with the transmission switching timing of the opposite device using the transmission switching control information. As a result of switching as described above, the state changes from the state in which the 64QAM receiver 200A is used to the state in which the QPSK receiver 200B is used. The transmission power control information is notified to the opposite device together with the transmission switching control information, and the transmission power of the QPSK transmitter 100B of the opposite device is controlled. The transmission power information on the opposite device side is inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300 by the QPSK modulation unit 3b on the opposite device side and notified to the own device side.

On the other hand, when the QPSK receiver 200B is currently selected, the following equation (17) is obtained from the reception level Pr extracted by the reception unit 11b, the transmission power information of the opposite device extracted by the demodulation unit 10b, and the line information. Calculate the rain attenuation.
Rain attenuation = transmission power information−reception level Pr + line information (17)
Here, the line information is given by the following equation (18), and the value is a constant.
Line information = opposite device transmission ANT gain + own device reception ANT gain-opposite device transmission system power supply system loss-own device reception system power supply system loss-free space propagation loss (18)

  Based on the calculated rain attenuation, the optimum modulation method corresponding to the rain attenuation and the required transmission power of the opposite device are determined with reference to the correspondence table 2 held in the own device. Here, in the correspondence table 2, for example, as shown in FIG. 36, the correspondence between the optimum modulation scheme corresponding to the value of the rain attenuation and the required transmission power in that case is described. Here, the required transmission power in the correspondence table 2 may be set to one value for 64QAM and QPSK as shown in FIG. 36, or different values for 64QAM and QPSK as shown in FIG. May be set.

  The correspondence table 2 is different from the above correspondence table 1 in that the rain attenuation amount for switching from 64QAM to QPSK in the correspondence table 1 and the rain attenuation amount for switching from QPSK to 64QAM in the correspondence table 2 are as follows. This is the difference from the value. The reason why the switching points are different is to prevent the flapping of switching between 64QAM and QPSK, which is expected due to the temporal variation of the rain attenuation.

  As a result of referring to the correspondence table 2, when the optimum modulation method is QPSK, the switching operation is not performed. Based on the determined required transmission power, the transmission power control information of the opposing device is inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300 in the modulation unit 3b of QPSK and notified to the opposing device. In the opposite device, the transmission power of the QPSK transmitter is controlled by the transmission power control information. The transmission power information on the opposite device side is inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300 by the QPSK modulation unit 3b on the opposite device side and notified to the own device side.

  As a result of referring to the correspondence table 2, when the optimum modulation scheme is 64QAM, the switching operation is performed based on the switching determination result. That is, in the modulation unit 3b, transmission switching control information is inserted into the header of the transmission signal to the opposite device. This transmission switching control information is inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300 and notified to the opposite device. Then, the reception switching SW 8 of the own device is switched in accordance with the transmission switching timing of the opposite device using the transmission switching control information. As a result of the switching as described above, the state changes from the state where the QPSK receiver 200B is used to the state where the 64QAM receiver 200A is used. In addition, the transmission power control information is notified to the opposite device together with the transmission switching control information, and the transmission power of the 64QAM transmitter 100A of the opposite device is controlled. The transmission power information on the opposite device side is inserted into the header portion 301 of the transmission frame 300 by the 64QAM modulation unit 3a on the opposite device side and notified to the own device side.

(Summary of combined use of active / standby switching control and transmission power control)
The operation principles of the fourth to seventh embodiments are shown in the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, transmission power control and switching control are performed as shown in FIGS. 22 and 23 so as to keep the reception level constant for each modulation method in accordance with the change in rainfall attenuation. Here, FIGS. 22 and 24 show the operation principle when the switching control from 64QAM to QPSK is performed, and FIGS. 23 and 25 show the operation principle when the switching control from QPSK to 64QAM is performed. Since the point of switching control is different between FIG. 22 and FIG. 23, fluttering due to temporal change in the amount of rain attenuation can be suppressed.

  Although the fourth to seventh embodiments have been described with reference to the configuration example of FIG. 16, the transmission unit is configured with a modulation scheme having a large number of modulation multivalues and a modulation scheme having a small number of modulation multivalues as shown in FIG. A common configuration may be used. That is, as shown in FIG. 17, if the switching SW 2 ′ is provided on the output side of the 64QAM modulation unit 3a and the QPSK modulation unit 3b and the transmission unit 4e is provided on the output side, the 64QAM modulation unit 3a. And a QPSK modulation unit 3b, a transmission unit 4e is provided in common. By adopting such a configuration, the device configuration can be simplified and the manufacturing cost of the device can be reduced.

  As an example of transmission power parameter setting, as shown in FIG. 11, 64QAM transmission is performed according to the rain attenuation so that 64QAM can use the maximum transmission power with the maximum rain attenuation satisfying the required C / N of 64QAM. A method is conceivable in which the power is set and the transmission power of QPSK is set according to the rain attenuation so that the maximum transmission power of QPSK can be used with the maximum rain attenuation satisfying the required C / N of QPSK. FIG. 33 shows such a setting. Also, by setting a margin to the maximum rain attenuation value that satisfies each required C / N, it is possible to prevent a line break due to a sudden change in the rain attenuation amount.

  When the C / N with the amount of interference from other routes is constant, by keeping the reception level constant for each modulation method, the total C / N is also constant for each modulation method as shown in FIGS. As shown in FIG. 28, the bit error rate can be made constant. Therefore, as a control method, in addition to controlling the reception level to be constant, the total C / N and the bit error rate may be observed and controlled to be constant. Further, transmission power control and switching control may be performed by combining the reception level, the total C / N, and the bit error rate.

  As a transmission power control method, as shown in FIGS. 29 and 30, the transmission power settings of 64QAM and QPSK may be simultaneously controlled in parallel. As shown in FIG. 29 and FIG. 30, by providing a difference between the transmission power setting values of 64QAM and QPSK, it becomes possible to quickly cope with appropriate transmission power even when switching between devices when a device failure occurs. It is possible to suppress extra interference given to the wireless relay device. In this case, for example, the correspondence table 1 used in the sixth embodiment and the seventh embodiment is as shown in FIG. 37, and the correspondence table 2 is as shown in FIG. In the case of the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 29 and FIG. 30, the required transmission power is calculated from the measured reception level and the required reception level, and the transmission power is controlled. Good. As a transmission power control method, as shown in FIGS. 31 and 32, the transmission power may be controlled by setting a minimum transmission power. When setting the minimum transmission power and controlling the transmission power of 64QAM and QPSK in parallel, for example, correspondence table 1 used in the sixth embodiment and the seventh embodiment is as shown in FIG. 2 becomes as shown in FIG. In the case of the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 31 and 32, the required transmission power is calculated from the measured reception level and the required reception level, and the transmission power is controlled. Good.

  The effect of the combined use of transmission power control and switching control in a hot standby configuration including a working transmitter and working receiver with a large number of modulation multilevels and a spare transmitter and a spare receiver with a small number of modulation multivalues will be described. By using the transmission power control and the switching control together as shown in FIGS. 33 and 34, as shown in FIG. 12A, the line disconnection time can be reduced as compared with the conventional system. .98% can be operated with 64QAM. Also, as shown in FIG. 33, communication is possible with a power lower by about 12 dB from the maximum transmission power in fine weather. That is, it is possible to operate with reduced transmission power and interference with other routes. Also, in a hot standby configuration comprising a working transmitter and working receiver with a large number of modulation multi-values, and a spare transmitter and a spare receiver with a small number of modulation multi-values, the transmission output control and the switching control can be used together. By appropriately setting the maximum transmission power and switching points within a range where the operating time satisfies a certain standard, it is possible to construct a route for the radio entrance with a higher density than at present. FIG. 34 is a diagram for supplementary explanation of FIG. In order to make the required C / N constant corresponding to the rain attenuation for each modulation method, transmission power control / switching control is performed as shown in FIG.

(Preliminary switching method)
In the wireless relay device described above, the following active backup switching method is adopted. That is, a working transmitter that performs multi-level modulation of a first modulation multi-level number, and a standby transmitter that performs multi-level modulation with a second modulation multi-level number different from the working transmitter. An active receiver that demodulates the modulated signal modulated with the first modulation multi-level number, and a standby receiver that demodulates the modulated signal modulated with the second modulation multi-level number; Including, in a radio relay apparatus that communicates oppositely, when at least one of the active transmitter and the active receiver fails, the standby transmitter and the standby transmitter from a state in which the active transmitter and the active receiver are used, and A working standby switching method for switching to a state in which the spare receiver is used, and the spare transmitter is used even when the spare transmitter has a smaller modulation multi-value number and the propagation state deteriorates than the working transmitter. And to use the above spare receiver Order working spare switching method is realized. If switching control is performed in this way, the maximum propagation distance when the modulation multilevel number is small is satisfied, and the annual interruption time is not reduced, and the modulation multilevel number is large for most of the year. Multi-value communication becomes possible. That is, communication can be performed so as to satisfy a desired quality by switching between the transmitter and the receiver in accordance with a change in the propagation state.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be used for a transmission path between a radio base station apparatus for realizing a mobile communication cell and a base station control apparatus that controls the radio base station apparatus.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of 1st Embodiment of the radio relay apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the switching control part in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the switching determination operation | movement of the reception SW switching determination part in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the relationship between the reception level concerning a switching determination operation | movement of FIG. 3, and a threshold value. It is a figure which shows the structural example of a transmission frame. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the switching control part in 2nd Embodiment of the wireless relay apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the switching determination operation | movement of the transmission SW switching determination part in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the switching control part in 3rd Embodiment of the radio relay apparatus based on this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the switch determination operation | movement of the transmission SW switch determination part in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the switching determination operation | movement of the reception SW switching determination part in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the annual operation time for every modulation | alteration multi-value number. (A) is a diagram for explaining an annual time distribution of line disconnection time and operation time for each modulation method in comparison with a conventional hot standby configuration, and (b) is a high-speed side modem device under the same conditions as (a). It is a figure which shows the time distribution about the case where 128QAM is employ | adopted. It is a figure which shows the structural example of a radio | wireless entrance system. It is a block diagram which shows the structural example of the conventional radio relay apparatus. It is a figure for demonstrating required C / N and the maximum propagation distance for every modulation | alteration multi-value number. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of 4th Embodiment of the radio relay apparatus based on this invention. It is a block diagram in the case of showing the structure at the time of making the transmission part in FIG. 16 common. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the switching control part / transmission power control part in 4th Embodiment of the radio relay apparatus based on this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the switching control part / transmission power control part in 5th Embodiment of the radio relay apparatus based on this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the switching control part / transmission power control part in 6th Embodiment of the radio relay apparatus based on this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the switching control part / transmission power control part in 7th Embodiment of the radio relay apparatus based on this invention. It is a figure for demonstrating the operation | movement which controls transmission power corresponding to the amount of rain attenuation, when switching control from the modulation system with many modulation multi-values to the modulation system with few modulation multi-values is performed. It is a figure for demonstrating the operation | movement which controls transmission power corresponding to the amount of rain attenuation, when switching control from the modulation system with few modulation multi-values to the modulation system with many modulation multi-values is performed. It is a figure for demonstrating the reception level at the time of controlling transmission power corresponding to the amount of rain attenuation when switching control from a modulation system with many modulation multi-values to a modulation system with few modulation multi-values is performed. It is a figure for demonstrating the reception level at the time of controlling transmission power corresponding to the amount of rain attenuation when switching control from a modulation system with few modulation multi-values to a modulation system with many modulation multi-values is performed. It is a figure for demonstrating the total C / N at the time of controlling transmission power corresponding to the amount of rain attenuation when switching control from a modulation system with many modulation multi-values to a modulation system with few modulation multi-values is performed. . It is a figure for demonstrating the total C / N at the time of controlling transmission power corresponding to the amount of rain attenuation, when switching control from a modulation system with few modulation multi-levels to a modulation system with many modulation multi-values is performed. . It is a figure for demonstrating the bit error rate at the time of controlling transmission power corresponding to rainfall attenuation amount when performing switching control. When switching control from a modulation scheme with a large number of modulation multilevels to a modulation scheme with a small number of modulation multilevels, the transmission power of the modulation scheme with a large number of modulation multilevels and the modulation scheme with a small number of modulation multilevels are controlled independently. It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement. When switching control from a modulation method with a small number of modulation multi-values to a modulation method with a large number of modulation multi-values, the transmission power of the modulation method with a small number of modulation multi-values and the modulation method with a large number of modulation multi-values are controlled independently. It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement. It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement in the case of setting minimum transmission power when performing switching control and transmission power control from the modulation system with many modulation multi-value numbers to the modulation system with few modulation multi-value numbers. It is a figure for demonstrating operation | movement in the case of setting minimum transmission power when performing switching control and transmission power control from a modulation system with few modulation multi-value numbers to a modulation system with many modulation multi-value numbers. It is a figure for demonstrating that transmission power can be reduced at the time of fine weather by using together transmission power control and switching control. FIG. 34 is a diagram for supplementary explanation of FIG. 33. It is a figure which shows the corresponding | compatible table 1 which matches the required transmission power according to the calculated amount of rain attenuation, and the optimal modulation system, when the modulation system with many modulation multi-value numbers is selected. It is a figure which shows the corresponding | compatible table 2 which matches the required transmission power according to the calculated amount of rain attenuation, and the optimal modulation system, when the modulation system with few modulation multi-value numbers is selected. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a correspondence table 1 that associates the required transmission power of 64QAM corresponding to the calculated rain attenuation amount, the required transmission power of QPSK, and the optimum modulation method when a modulation method having a large number of modulation multi-values is selected. It is. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a correspondence table 2 that associates the required transmission power of 64QAM corresponding to the calculated rain attenuation amount, the required transmission power of QPSK, and the optimum modulation method when a modulation method with a small number of modulation multi-values is selected. It is. When a modulation scheme with a large number of modulation multi-values is selected and the minimum transmission power is determined, the required transmission power of 64QAM, the required transmission power of QPSK and the optimal modulation scheme according to the calculated rain attenuation are calculated. It is a figure which shows the correspondence table 1 matched. When a modulation scheme with a small number of modulation multi-values is selected and the minimum transmission power is determined, the required transmission power of 64QAM, the required transmission power of QPSK and the optimum modulation scheme according to the calculated rain attenuation amount It is a figure which shows the matching table 2 matched. It is a figure for demonstrating the change speed of a reception level.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Divider 2 High frequency change-over switch 3a, 3c, 3d 64QAM modulation part 3b QPSK modulation part 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4a ', 4b', 4e Transmission part 5 Switching control part 5 'Switching control part / transmission power control part 6 Duplexer 7, 7a, 7b Antenna 8 Reception switch 9 Dividers 10a, 10c, 10d 64QAM demodulator 10b QPSK demodulator 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d Receiving unit 21 Receiving SW switching determining unit 24 Transmitting SW switching determining unit 22, 26 Reception SW switching control unit 23, 25 Transmission SW switching control unit 83, 84, 86, 87 Transmission power determination / control unit 85, 88 Transmission power control unit 100A, 100B, 100C Transmitter 200A, 200B Receiver 300 Transmission Frame 301 Header portion 302 Payload portion

Claims (19)

  A working transmitter that performs multi-level modulation of a first modulation multi-level number, a spare transmitter that performs multi-level modulation with a second modulation multi-level number different from the working transmitter, and the first transmitter multi-level modulation; A working receiver that demodulates a modulated signal that has been modulated with a modulation multilevel number of 1, a standby receiver that demodulates a modulated signal that has been modulated with the second modulation multilevel number, and the working Switching means for switching from a state in which the current transmitter and the current receiver are used to a state in which the spare transmitter and the spare receiver are used when at least one of the transmitter and the current receiver fails. A radio relay apparatus that performs communication facing each other, wherein the switching means switches to a state in which the spare transmitter and the spare receiver are used even when a propagation state deteriorates apparatus.   The radio relay apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising transmission power control means for controlling transmission power when transmitting to another radio relay apparatus facing the radio relay apparatus according to a change in the propagation state.   3. The radio relay apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the transmission power control unit controls transmission power when transmitted from another facing radio relay apparatus according to a change in the propagation state. 4. .   The radio relay apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a difference is provided between the transmission power of the active transmitter and the transmission power of the standby transmitter.   The transmission power control means determines that the propagation status has changed based on the difference between the reception level and a predetermined threshold, and determines the transmission power. The wireless relay device according to any one of the above.   The transmission power control means changes the propagation status from the rain attenuation amount calculated based on the reception level and the data related to the transmission power of the signal inserted in the signal transmitted from the opposite radio relay apparatus. The radio relay apparatus according to claim 2, wherein transmission power is determined by determining that the transmission power has been satisfied.   When the number of modulation multilevels is smaller in the spare transmitter than in the active transmitter, the switching means switches to a state in which the spare transmitter and the spare receiver are used when the propagation state deteriorates. The wireless relay device according to claim 1, wherein the wireless relay device is a wireless relay device.   The switching means includes the spare transmitter and the spare receiver based on a logical sum of a switching condition for line breakage relief due to the deterioration of the propagation condition and a switching condition for line breakage relief due to a device failure. The wireless relay device according to claim 1, wherein the wireless relay device is switched to a state in which the wireless relay device is used.   8. The switching device according to claim 1, wherein the switching unit determines that the propagation state has changed based on a comparison result between the received signal level and a predetermined threshold value. 9. Wireless relay device.   8. The switching device according to claim 1, wherein the switching unit determines that the propagation state has changed based on a comparison result between the signal-to-noise ratio and a predetermined threshold value. 9. The wireless relay device described.   The switching means determines that the propagation status has changed based on a comparison result between at least one of the bit error rate and the number of bit errors and a predetermined threshold value. The wireless relay device according to any one of the above.   The switching threshold is determined based on a switching determination criterion such as a reception level, a signal-to-noise ratio, and a bit error rate, and the switching speed is also determined. The wireless relay device described in 1.   The switching means performs switching to a state in which the spare transmitter and the spare receiver are used based on a comparison result between the transmission power of the working transmitter and a predetermined threshold value. The wireless relay device according to any one of claims 2 to 7.   The switching means determines whether to switch to a state in which the spare receiver is used based on the received signal quality by the working receiver, and based on the transmission switching control information received from the opposite device, the spare transmitter The wireless relay device according to claim 1, wherein the wireless relay device is switched to a state in which the device is used.   The switching means determines whether to switch to a state in which the spare transmitter is used based on the received signal quality by the working receiver, and determines the spare receiver based on switching timing information received from the opposite device. The wireless relay device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the wireless relay device is switched to a use state.   The switching means determines whether to switch to a state in which the spare transmitter is used based on the received signal quality by the working receiver, and based on the synchronization signal extraction result of the demodulated signal received from the opposite device The radio relay apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein switching to a state in which a spare receiver is used is performed.   17. The radio according to claim 1, wherein the switching section performs switching based on a value satisfying a desired line quality and a value having a certain margin. Relay device.   The switching means has a difference between a threshold for switching to a state where the spare transmitter and the spare receiver are used and a threshold for switching to a state where the working transmitter and the working receiver are used. The wireless relay device according to claim 1, wherein the wireless relay device is a wireless relay device.   A working transmitter that performs multi-level modulation of a first modulation multi-level number, a spare transmitter that performs multi-level modulation with a second modulation multi-level number different from the working transmitter, and the first transmitter multi-level modulation; A working receiver that demodulates a modulated signal that has been modulated with a modulation multilevel number of 1, and a standby receiver that demodulates a modulated signal that has been modulated with the second modulation multilevel number; In a radio relay apparatus that performs communication in the opposite direction, when at least one of the active transmitter and the active receiver fails, the standby transmitter and the standby transmitter are used in a state in which the active transmitter and the active receiver are used. A working standby switching method for switching to a state in which a receiver is used, wherein the spare transmitter has a smaller modulation multi-level number than the working transmitter and the propagation state is deteriorated. And switch to the state to use the spare receiver Working spare switching method according to claim Rukoto.

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