JP2007238763A - Sugar-branched cyclodextrin derivative - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cyclodextrin derivative having high drug inclusion ability.
SOLUTION: By using 2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethanol as a raw material of a spacer for binding cyclodextrin and sugar molecule, cyclodextrin having an aromatic group in the spacer and bifurcating various sugar molecules It was possible to produce derivatives. Because there are two phenyl groups in the spacer, it has a strong function to hold and transport anthracycline drugs in vivo, and it has a structure with two sugars or sugar chains at the branch ends. In addition, we have succeeded in developing a drug transport carrier that is expected to have strong interaction with biomolecules such as sugar molecule recognition lectin protein.
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Description

The present invention relates to a sugar-branched cyclodextrin that is attracting attention as a drug carrier for a target drug delivery system. Specifically, a sugar compound chemically modified from 2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethanol as a raw material and heptakis- (2,3-di-O-benzyl) -6 ^B , 6 ^C , 6 ^E , 6 ^F , 6 ^G The present invention relates to a sugar bibranched cyclodextrin derivative obtained by deprotecting a protecting group of a sugar hydroxyl group after coupling condensation of -penta-O-benzyl-β-cyclodextrin and a production method thereof.

  A sugar-branched cyclodextrin is expected to be used as a target drug delivery system because it has both the ability to recognize a lectin protein in the body of a sugar molecule and the drug inclusion ability of a cyclodextrin. From this point of view, many methods for producing sugar-branched cyclodextrins have been reported (for example, see Non-Patent Documents 1 to 4). Since sugar-branched cyclodextrin takes the drug into the cyclodextrin cavity and sends it to the target cells, it is not necessary to bind the drug to the carrier. Make it possible. On the other hand, since the drug is transported non-covalently, there is a concern of drug leakage during transport. Although cyclodextrin originally has the ability to incorporate hydrophobic drug molecules, the development of more efficient drug carrier molecules has a high retention capacity for drugs and a high association constant for drugs. Development of dextrin derivatives is necessary. As a cyclodextrin derivative having such a function, it has been reported that doxorubicin, an anthracycline anticancer agent, is retained at an extremely high association constant by introducing an aromatic group into a spacer that binds cyclodextrin and a sugar molecule. (See Non-Patent Document 4).

However, since this reported method uses 4-hydroxyphenyl β-glucopyranoside obtained from nature, the sugar molecule can only use glucose, and a spacer is inserted between the sugar molecule and the phenyl group. Therefore, there are drawbacks in designing diverse sugar-branched cyclodextrin derivatives and poor applicability to targeted drug delivery systems.
T. Furuike et al., `` Chemical and Enzymatic synthesis of Glycocluster Having Sialyl Lewis X Arrays Using β-Cyclodexytrin As a Key Scaffold Material '', Tetrahedron, 2005, 61, 1737. R. Roy et al., `` Synthesis of Persialylated β-Cyclodextrins '', Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2000, 65, 8743. H. Abe et al., `` Structural Effects of Oligosaccharide-branched Cyclodextrins on The Dual Recognition Toward Lectin and Drug '', Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry, 2002, 44, 39. T. Yamanoi et al., `` Synthesis of mono-Glucose-branched Cyclodextrins With a High Inclusion Ability For Doxorubicin And Their Efficient Glycosylation Using Mucor hiemalis Endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2005, 15, Vol. 1009 page.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a cyclodextrin derivative in which various sugars are expected to have a high association constant with respect to anthracycline drugs.

  As a result of diligent research on sugar-branched cyclodextrin derivatives that are expected to have a high association constant with anthracyclines, 2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethanol is used as a raw material for spacers that bind cyclodextrin and sugar molecules. Can be used to produce a cyclodextrin derivative in which various sugar molecules are bifurcated, and the present invention has been achieved.

（式中、n=１-８、Rはグリコシド結合で結合したグルコース、マンノース、ガラクトース、Ｎ−アセチル‐グルコサミン、グルコサミン、フコース、Ｎ−アセチルノイラミン酸、あるいは、グルコース、マンノース、ガラクトース、Ｎ−アセチル‐グルコサミン、グルコサミン、フコース、Ｎ−アセチルノイラミン酸から構成される二糖または三糖。）

That is, the present invention uses 2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethanol as a raw material of a spacer when linking cyclodextrin and various sugar molecules, and has an aromatic group in the spacer. The present invention relates to dextrin derivatives (1 and 2) and methods for producing the same.

(Wherein n = 1-8, R is glucose, mannose, galactose, N-acetyl-glucosamine, glucosamine, fucose, N-acetylneuraminic acid, or glucose, mannose, galactose, N— Disaccharide or trisaccharide composed of acetyl-glucosamine, glucosamine, fucose, N-acetylneuraminic acid.)

  Anthracyclines are known as doxorubicin, idamycin, daunomycin, rubirubicin, and the like, and act as antibiotics, anticancer agents, and anticancer agents. The sugar-branched cyclodextrin derivative of the present invention is expected to have a strong inclusion force with respect to these anthracycline drugs, and is expected to be used as a drug carrier for a target drug delivery system. In addition, since various sugar molecules can be introduced, it can be used as a drug carrier after the sugar molecule has been constructed.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The present invention relates to a sugar bibranched cyclodextrin derivative that is expected to include anthracycline antibiotics with a high association constant and is effective as a drug transport carrier.

  In the sugar bibranched cyclodextrin derivative [1] of the present invention, the presence of an aromatic group in the spacer that connects the cyclodextrin and the branched sugar molecule improves the hydrophobicity in the cavity of the cyclodextrin. It is presumed that doxorubicin can be included with a high association constant by causing a stacking phenomenon in which two aromatic groups sandwich an aromatic moiety of an anthracycline drug and causing a strong pi-electron interaction.

  That is, the device of the present invention uses 2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethanol as a raw material for a spacer connecting cyclodextrin and a sugar molecule, so that anthracycline antibiotics can be included in the spacer with a high association constant. It is a sugar bibranched cyclodextrin derivative having the expected phenyl and capable of introducing various sugar molecules.

  Next, the double-chain sugar-branched cyclodextrin derivatives [1] and [2] will be described. As the methylene chain connecting β-cyclodextrin and the phenyl group, those having 1 to 8 carbon atoms can be used, but those having 1 to 5 carbon atoms are preferably used. In addition, sugar molecules that can be introduced into the primary hydroxyl group derived from 2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethanol include glucose, mannose, galactose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, fucose, glucosamine, N-acetylneuraminic acid, and the like. Monosaccharides can be used. In addition, known disaccharides and trisaccharides composed of glucose, mannose, galactose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, fucose, glucosamine, and N-acetylneuraminic acid can be used. Monosaccharides, disaccharides and trisaccharides are introduced into primary hydroxyl groups derived from 2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethanol by glycosidic bonds, but the glycosidic bonds are either α or β bonds, or α and β are mixed. Even a glycosidic bond may be used.

  Similar to the method described by Yamanoi et al. (Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2005, Vol. 15, p. 1009), 2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethanol was reacted with an equivalent amount of cesium carbonate to form a cesium salt. Later, 2- (4-allyloxyphenyl) ethanol in which the phenolic hydroxyl group was allylated was produced by reacting allyl bromide.

  Next, glycosylation to 2- (4-allyloxyphenyl) ethanol will be described. Well-known sugar donors such as thioglycosides, glycosyl imidates, glycosyl fluorides, 1-O-acylate sugars can be used. It goes without saying that the reaction conditions are the well-known glycosylation reaction conditions (activator, solvent, temperature, molar ratio) specific to these sugar donors.

  The terminal olefin of the 2 ′-(4-allyloxyphenyl) ethyl glycoside of monosaccharide, disaccharide or trisaccharide, where the sugar hydroxyl group is converted to a benzyl group as necessary, is described in Yamanoi et al. (Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2005, Vol. 15, p. 1009), and converted into alcohol by hydroboration using 9-borabicyclo [3.3.1] nonane, followed by hydrolysis with aqueous sodium hydroxide. The monosaccharide, disaccharide, or trisaccharide 2 ′-(4- (3-iodopropyloxy) phenyl) ethyl glycoside obtained using triphenylphosphine was derived.

The method described by W. Wang et al. (Tetrahedron Asymmetry, 2001, 12, 517), that is, heptakis- (2,3-di (), obtained by reductive treatment of perbenzyl-β-cyclodextrin with diisobutylaluminum hydride. -O-benzyl) -6 ^B , 6 ^C , 6 ^E , 6 ^F , 6 ^G -For the coupling reaction with penta-O-benzyl-β-cyclodextrin, the hydroxyl group using potassium hydroxide in dimethylformamide An alkylation reaction is utilized. 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-p- (3-iodopropyl) -phenyl hexopyranoside is heptakis- (2,3-di-O-benzyl) -6 ^B , 6 ^C , 6 ^E , The amount used for 6 ^F , 6 ^G -penta-O-benzyl-β-cyclodextrin is not particularly limited, but preferably 2 to 5 equivalents. Potassium hydroxide should be used 10 to 1000 times that of 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-p- (3-iodopropyl) -phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside. However, it is preferably used at 20 to 200 times. In this alkylation reaction, it goes without saying that a well-known Williamson ether synthesis method using sodium hydroxide or sodium hydride in dimethylformamide or tetrahydrofuran can be used.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
[Example 1]
Heptakis- (2,3-di-O-benzyl) -6 ^B , 6 ^C , 6 ^E , 6 ^F , 6 ^G -penta-O-benzyl-β-cyclodextrin (67.8 mg / 0.023 mmol) and (3- Add iodopropyloxyphenyl) ethyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-β-D-galactopyranoside (76.8 mg / 0.093 mmol) into eggplant flask and add dimethylformamide (7 ml) Furthermore, potassium hydroxide (177.3 mg / 2.7 mmol) and tetraammonium iodide (1.8 mg / 0.006 mmol) were added, a calcium chloride tube was attached, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3 days. The organic layer was extracted with ethyl acetate and salt and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate. Purification by thin layer chromatography (developing solvent ratio hexane: ethyl acetate = 2: 1), heptakis (2,3-di-O-benzyl) -6 ^A , 6 ^D -di-O-{(3-propyl Oxyphenyl) ethyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-β-D-galactopyranoside} -6 ^B , 6 ^C , 6 ^E , 6 ^F , 6 ^G -penta-O-benzyl-β -Cyclodextrin (63.9 mg) was obtained in oil with a yield of 63%.
MALDI-TOF MS; Found: m / z [M + Na] ⁺ 4272.9: Calcd for [M + Na] ⁺ 4268.9.

Heptakis (2,3-di-O-benzyl) -6 ^A , 6 ^D -di-O-{(3-propyloxyphenyl) ethyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-benzyl-β-D- Galactopyranoside} -6 ^B , 6 ^C , 6 ^E , 6 ^F , 6 ^G -Penta-O-benzyl-β-cyclodextrin (55.8 mg / 0.013 mmol) is placed in a bifurcated eggplant flask and further palladium hydroxide ( 58.6 mg / 0.36 mmol) was added and dissolved in dimethylformamide (5 ml), and hydrogenation with a hydrogen generator was performed for 4 hours while stirring at room temperature. The reaction was traced by TLC, and further solvent was added as necessary. Palladium hydroxide was removed by pleat filtration, further filtered through a membrane filter, and lyophilized. Next, it was purified by gel filtration (Sephadex G-25, elution solvent; 5% aqueous ethanol solution, flow rate; 0.198 ml / min) and freeze-dried. As a result, 6 ^A , 6 ^D -bis-O-{(3- Propyloxyphenyl) ethyl β-D-galactopyranoside} -β-cyclodextrin [2] (16.7 mg) was obtained as white crystals in a yield of 70%.
MALDI-TOF MS; Found: m / z [M + Na] ⁺ 1837.9: Calcd for [M + Na] ⁺ 1837.7.

  It is useful as a drug delivery carrier for targeted drug delivery systems.

Claims (4)

A sugar bibranched cyclodextrin derivative represented by the following [1].

(Wherein n = 1-8, R is glucose, mannose, galactose, N-acetyl-glucosamine, glucosamine, fucose, N-acetylneuraminic acid, or glucose, mannose, galactose, N— Disaccharide or trisaccharide composed of acetyl-glucosamine, glucosamine, fucose, N-acetylneuraminic acid.) A sugar bibranched cyclodextrin derivative shown in the following [2].

  The method for producing a sugar bibranched cyclodextrin derivative according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 2- (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethanol is used as a raw material. Heptakis- (2,3-di-O-benzyl) -6 ^B , 6 ^C , 6 ^E , 6 ^F , 6 ^G -penta-O-benzyl-β-cyclodextrin is used as a raw material 3. The production method according to 3.