JP2007237376A - Method and apparatus for freezing and fixing workpiece - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To inexpensively freeze and fix a workpiece on a substrate with a fixing agent interposed therebetween without using a wax. <P>SOLUTION: Polyvinylalcohol is interposed between the workpiece 98 and the substrate 97 as the fixing agent 112, so as to freeze the fixing agent 112 to freeze and fix the workpiece 98 and the substrate 97. The substrate 97 fixed with the workpiece 98 is fixed on a chuck table 5, so that the workpiece is processed by a processing tool. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a work refrigeration fixing method and a work refrigeration fixing apparatus that can reliably maintain the work freezing and can be performed at low cost when the work is frozen and fixed during processing.

When performing machining such as milling, grinding, cutting, drilling, and polishing on a workpiece, it is necessary to fix the workpiece to those machining apparatuses. Magnet chucks, vacuum chucks, vices, and the like have been used as methods for fixing the workpiece.
However, these work fixing methods may be limited by the material and shape of the work, and the work may not be securely fixed securely.
Therefore, for example, there is a method in which a workpiece to be cut is fixed to a substrate with wax and fixed by a processing apparatus.
For this work, the workpiece is affixed to the substrate with wax on the hot plate, the substrate is fixed to the cutting device, and then the workpiece is cut. Then, after the workpiece is cut, the substrate is removed from the cutting device, placed on a hot plate, the workpiece is removed, and the wax adhering to the workpiece is removed for cleaning.

Japanese Patent No. 2992770 Japanese Patent No. 3008344 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-331331 JP 2000-730

Wax has the advantage of high adhesive strength in terms of adhesive strength. However, fixing the workpiece with wax involves the process of attaching the workpiece to the substrate on the hot plate with wax, and it takes time and effort to paste the workpiece with wax under high temperature (120 ° C). It is difficult to stick well.
At the time of cutting with a blade, wax clogs the grinding wheel of the blade, resulting in poor blade sharpness. After the workpiece is cut, it is necessary to remove the workpiece at a high temperature, and it is difficult to remove the cut small workpiece. Furthermore, after removing the workpiece from the substrate, the wax must be removed by washing with an organic solvent or alcohol in order to remove the wax from the workpiece, and the washing process is complicated and costly. In some cases, cracks and chips were generated during cleaning.
As a method for solving this, there is a freeze-type fixing method. This technology freezes and fixes a workpiece of a refrigeration fixing device with a coagulant interposed in a substrate, fixes the substrate to a chuck table, and supplies cooling water having a temperature lower than the solidification point of the coagulant to the chuck table (work). Supply and fix the work.
This freeze-type fixing method can save the labor of washing the wax, but the cost of the coagulant is high, and the workpiece may be peeled off when the bonding area is smaller than the cutting area of the workpiece. .
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and without using wax, a work is freeze-fixed by interposing a coagulant on the substrate, and the substrate is fixed to the chuck table. Another object of the present invention is to provide a work refrigeration fixing method and a work refrigeration fixing apparatus that can reliably maintain the work freezing and can be performed at low cost.

In order to achieve the above object, a method for freezing and fixing a workpiece according to the present invention includes interposing a liquid or viscous coagulant between a workpiece and a substrate, freezing the coagulant and freezing the workpiece and the sub. In a method for freezing and fixing a workpiece in which a straight is frozen and fixed by the coagulant, a substrate to which the workpiece is fixed is fixed to a chuck table, and the workpiece is processed by a processing tool, the coagulant has adhesiveness. A water-soluble polymer was obtained.
In the method for freezing and fixing the workpiece, the water-soluble polymer preferably contains one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, starch, sodium alginate, and carboxymethyl cellulose.
In the method for freezing and fixing the workpiece, cooling water having a temperature lower than the freezing point of the water-soluble polymer is supplied to the workpiece.
The work refrigeration fixing apparatus according to the present invention includes a chuck table for fixing a work, a processing tool for processing the work, a support member for supporting the processing tool, and a transfer means for transferring the chuck table in a horizontal direction. Elevating means for moving the support member up and down with respect to the chuck table; and a base in which a control unit for supporting and controlling the transfer means and elevating means is provided. In the refrigeration fixing apparatus for workpieces, which is freeze-fixed to a substrate with a solid coagulant and the substrate is fixed to a chuck table, the coagulant is a water-soluble polymer.
In the work freeze-fixing apparatus, the water-soluble polymer preferably contains one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, starch, sodium alginate, and carboxymethylcellulose.
The work refrigeration fixing device supplies cooling water having a temperature lower than the freezing point of the water-soluble polymer to the work.

In addition, the work refrigeration fixing apparatus includes a chuck table for fixing the work, a processing tool for processing the work, a support member for supporting the processing tool, and a transfer for transferring the chuck table in the horizontal direction. Means, elevating means for moving the support member up and down with respect to the chuck table, means for supplying cooling water to the work for freezing and fixing the work to the substrate and maintaining the frozen state of the work, In a work refrigeration fixing apparatus, comprising: a cooling water recovery member; and a base having therein a control unit that supports and controls the transfer means and the lifting means, the cooling water recovery member is cooled Formed by an interior panel on the side of collecting water and an exterior panel located outside the interior panel, these interior panel and exterior panel are in a non-contact state and those panels It was to assemble through a heat-insulating material.
In the refrigeration fixing apparatus, one end of a mounting bracket for mounting the recovery member to the base side is connected to the interior panel, and the other end of the mounting bracket protrudes from a slit or hole formed in the exterior panel. Then, a resin connecting member having heat insulation is provided between the other end and the base-side mounting portion, and the recovery member is attached to the base side via the resin connecting member.
In the refrigeration fixing device, the transfer means for transferring in the horizontal direction moves the chuck table in the X-axis direction with respect to a base, and the Y-axis direction of the base orthogonal to the X-axis direction. A Y-axis slider for transferring the X-axis slider, and the X-axis slider may be provided with the chuck table and a heat insulating tray as the recovery member.
The refrigeration fixing device may be provided with an X-axis heat insulating drain as a part of the recovery member that introduces cooling water discharged from the heat insulating tray into the Y-axis slider.
The refrigeration / fixing device may be provided with a Y-axis heat-insulating drain as a part of the recovery member that introduces cooling water discharged from the X-axis heat-insulating drain into the base.
In the refrigeration fixing device, the X-axis heat insulating drain is disposed immediately below the cooling water discharge port of the heat insulating tray, and the X-axis heat insulating drain is extended corresponding to the movement range of the heat insulating tray in the X-axis direction. And the Y-axis heat insulation drain is disposed immediately below the cooling water discharge port of the X-axis heat insulation drain, and the Y-axis heat insulation drain is made to correspond to the movement range in the Y-axis direction at the X-axis heat insulation drain discharge port. Can be extended.
The refrigeration fixing device can be provided with a heat insulating waterproof cover around the workpiece, and the heat insulating waterproof cover can be fixed to the X-axis slider.
In the refrigeration fixing apparatus, the X-axis heat insulation drain is attached to the Y-axis slider via a resin bracket, the Y-axis heat insulation drain is attached to the base via a resin bracket, and the Y-axis slider is attached to the Y-axis slider. A heat insulating waterproof cover can be attached via a resin mounting bracket.

In order to achieve the above object, a method for freezing and fixing a workpiece according to the present invention includes interposing a liquid or viscous coagulant between a workpiece and a substrate, freezing the coagulant and freezing the workpiece and the sub. In a method for freezing and fixing a workpiece in which a straight is frozen and fixed by the coagulant, a substrate to which the workpiece is fixed is fixed to a chuck table, and the workpiece is processed by a processing tool, the coagulant has adhesiveness. Since the water-soluble polymer is used, the fixing force between the workpiece and the substrate increases when the workpiece is frozen. Further, after the processing, the work freeze-fixed on the substrate can be easily separated with water. In particular, when the processing is cutting, the workpiece can be separated immediately. Those that are not water-soluble need to be peeled off from the one-to-one substrate.
Since the water-soluble polymer contains one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, starch, sodium alginate, and carboxymethylcellulose, the work can be frozen and fixed at a higher cost than conventional products. It became.
In the method for freezing and fixing the workpiece, cooling water having a temperature lower than the freezing point of the water-soluble polymer is supplied to the workpiece, so that the workpiece is securely fixed to the substrate during operation.
The work refrigeration fixing apparatus includes a chuck table for fixing a work, a processing tool for processing the work, a support member for supporting the processing tool, a transfer means for transferring the chuck table in a horizontal direction, Elevating means for moving the support member up and down with respect to the chuck table, and a base having a control unit for supporting and controlling the transfer means and the elevating means inside, the work being in a liquid or viscous form In the work freezing and fixing apparatus in which the substrate is fixed to the chuck table by freezing and fixing with a coagulant, the coagulant is made of a water-soluble polymer. The straight fixing force increases. Further, after the processing, the work freeze-fixed on the substrate can be easily separated with water. In particular, when the processing is cutting, the workpiece can be separated immediately. Those that are not water-soluble need to be peeled off from the one-to-one substrate.
Since the water-soluble polymer contains any one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, starch, sodium alginate, and carboxymethylcellulose, the work freeze-fixing device has a larger work fixing strength and can be implemented at a lower price than conventional products. It became.
Since the work refrigeration fixing apparatus supplies cooling water having a temperature lower than the freezing point of the water-soluble polymer to the work, the work is reliably fixed to the substrate during operation.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment of a work refrigeration fixing apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 is an overall perspective view of a work freezing and cutting apparatus according to the present invention as viewed obliquely from above, FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the freezing cutting apparatus, FIG. 3 is a front view of the freezing cutting apparatus, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a right side view of the frozen cutting apparatus, and FIG. 5 is a left side view of the frozen cutting apparatus. In the present embodiment, the width direction of the freezing and cutting apparatus is the X-axis direction, the front-rear direction is the Y-axis direction, and the vertical direction is the Z-axis direction.
The freezing and cutting apparatus 1 has a machine main body 3 as a base 2 and an electrical box 4 arranged side by side, and a transfer mechanism for moving the chuck table 5 is provided on the upper surface of the machine main body 3. The transfer mechanism includes a Y-axis transfer mechanism 7 that moves the chuck table 5 in the Y-axis direction, which is the front-rear direction of the refrigeration cutting apparatus 1, and an X-axis transfer mechanism 8 that moves the chuck table 5 in the width direction thereof. A Z-axis transfer mechanism 9 for raising and lowering the blade with respect to the workpiece is provided.

First, the configuration of this transfer mechanism will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2, the Y-axis transfer mechanism 7 has a ball nut block 10 mounted on the machine body 3, and a Y-axis screw 11 passes through the ball nut block 10 in the front-rear direction of the refrigeration cutting apparatus 1. . Guide rails 12 are attached to the upper surface of the machine body 3 on both the left and right sides of the Y-axis screw 11 so as to be parallel to the Y-axis screw 11. The left and right guide rails 12 are each provided with two sliding members 13 that slide smoothly on the guide rails 12. A Y-axis slider 14 is fixed to the upper part of the sliding member 13.
The Y-axis slider 14 has a pair of front leg portions 16 projecting forward from the front and rear side surfaces of the main body portion 15 and a rear leg portion 17 projecting rearward. The front and rear legs 16 and 17 are placed and fixed on the sliding member 13. On the lower surface of the Y-axis slider 14, a screw support member 18 protruding downward is provided as shown in FIG. The screw support member 18 pivotally supports one end on the front side of the Y-axis screw 11, and the Y-axis screw 11 is supported so as to be prevented from rotating around the axis.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration for moving the Y-axis screw 11 in the axial direction.
A drive motor 23 is provided inside the machine body 3, and a worm gear 22 is attached to the tip of a motor shaft 24 that extends upward from the drive motor 23 and is inserted into the ball nut block 10. On the other hand, in the ball nut block 10, a hollow worm wheel 20 is screwed into a nut hole 19 penetrating in the front-rear direction of the refrigeration cutting apparatus 1, and a Y-screw is fitted to a female screw 21 formed in the inner hole of the worm wheel 20. 11 is screwed so as to penetrate the ball nut block 10. The worm gear 20 is screwed into the worm gear 22 described above.
Therefore, when the drive motor 23 rotates, the driving force is transmitted to the worm gear 22 and the worm wheel 20, and when the worm wheel 20 rotates, the Y-axis screw 11 is prevented from rotating. Moved in the axial direction. In this way, the Y-axis screw 11 rotates forward or reverse, and the Y-axis slider 14 can move forward and backward with respect to the front-rear direction of the refrigeration cutting apparatus 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, an X-axis screw 25 extending in the width direction of the refrigeration cutting apparatus 1 is disposed inside a Y-axis slider 14 having an upward opening and a substantially U-shaped cross section. As shown in FIG. 8, the X-axis screw 25 is rotatably supported at both ends by bearings 29 and 30, and is connected to the rotation shaft of the X-axis drive motor 31 on one bearing 30 side.
Guide rails 27 and 28 are provided on both sides in the radial direction of the X-axis screw 25, that is, on the front side and the rear side of the inner surface of the Y-axis slider 14, so that these guide rails 27 and 28 are parallel to the X-axis screw 25. The Y-axis slider 14 extends from one end to the other end in the longitudinal (X-axis) direction. As shown in FIG. 9, the front guide rail 27 has a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape, and the rear guide rail 28 has a triangular cut 28 a formed at the top.

  An X-axis slider 26 is disposed on the Y-axis slider 14. On the lower surface side of the X-axis slider 26, a leg portion 32 placed on one guide rail 27 of the Y-axis slider 14 and a leg portion 33 placed on the other guide rail 28 are provided. The lower end portion of the other leg portion 33 protrudes in a triangular shape corresponding to the cut 28a. An X-axis ball nut block 34 protruding downward is provided at an intermediate portion in the front-rear direction of the X-axis slider 26, and the X-axis screw 25 is screwed onto the ball nut. When the X-axis drive motor 31 shown in FIG. 8 is driven, the X-axis slider 26 can be moved back and forth in the X-axis direction according to the rotation of the X-axis screw 25.

Next, the structure of the heat insulation chuck table which fixes a workpiece | work is demonstrated.
As shown in FIG. 10, the heat insulating chuck table 5 is attached to the upper surface side of the X-axis slider 26. The heat insulating chuck table 5 is disposed on an island portion 36 formed to protrude in the shape of a plate at the center of the upper surface of the X-axis slider 26. And the heat insulation chuck table 5 is arrange | positioned in order of the metal plate 37 fixedly mounted in the island part 36 surface, and the heat insulating material 38, the cooling plate 39, and the vacuum chuck 40 on the metal plate 37 upper part. The material of the heat insulating material 38 is not particularly limited, but a resin heat insulating material is used in the present embodiment. The cooling plate 39 forms a flow passage 41 through which cooling water flows. The vacuum chuck 40 has a number of suction holes 42 connected to a vacuum device (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 2, a heat insulating tray 43 that collects cooling water is placed on the upper surface of the X-axis slider 26. The heat insulating tray 43 is mainly composed of a bottom surface 43a and external vertical walls 43b on ribs erected from the periphery thereof, and these are formed by an interior panel 44 and an exterior panel 45 as shown in FIG. A heat insulating material 47 is disposed between 45. In the present embodiment, stainless steel plate materials are used for the interior panel 44 and the exterior panel 45 (the same applies to other interior panels and exterior panels described below), and the closed cell elastomer is used for the heat insulating material 47. (The same applies to other heat insulating materials described below).
As shown in FIG. 11, the heat insulating tray 43 has a U-shaped metal fitting 70 attached to the X-axis slider 26 by causing an L-shaped metal fitting 69 fixed to the interior panel 44 to protrude from a slit 45 a formed in the exterior panel 45. And a bolt 72, a nut 73, and the like through a resin connecting member 71. The resin connecting member 71 can use a resin having good heat insulation, and Duracon (registered trademark) is used in the present embodiment (note that the resin connecting member described below is also the same material). .

As shown in FIG. 10, the heat insulating tray 43 is formed with rectangular holes 44 a and 45 b in the center of the interior panel 44 and the exterior panel 45, respectively, and these rectangular holes 44 a and 45 b attach the heat insulating tray 43 to the X-axis slider 26. When mounting, the heat insulating chuck table 5 is inserted into the rectangular holes 44a and 45b. The edge of the rectangular hole 44 a is placed on the flange 5 a formed on the heat insulating chuck table 5.
The heat insulating tray 43 forms a rib-like outer vertical wall 43b that protrudes from the periphery of the bottom surface 43a of the heat insulating tray 43 shown in FIG. 4, and the outer vertical wall 43b serves as a cooling water weir for fixing the workpiece. Play a role.

Next, the configuration of the Z-axis transfer mechanism 9 will be described.
The Z-axis transfer mechanism 9 is provided with a Z-axis slider 48 as shown in FIG. The Z-axis slider 48 has a main body 48 a having a substantially rectangular cross section and is elongated in the vertical direction. A spindle 50 is provided on the upper part, and a blade 49 for cutting a workpiece is attached to the spindle 50. Guide rails 51 are attached to both sides of the main body 48a. The Z-axis slider 48 is attached to the machine main body 3 so as to be movable up and down, and the Z-axis slider 48 is fitted in a groove 52 on the back side of the machine main body 3. As shown in FIG. 4, a pair of retaining members 53 of the guide rail 51 are attached to the left and right rear portions of the groove portion 52. The Z-axis slider 48 is connected to a hydraulic cylinder (not shown) disposed in the machine body 3 and can move up and down in accordance with the raising and lowering of the hydraulic cylinder.

Next, the heat insulating waterproof cover 46 that covers a workpiece, a blade, and the like will be described.
On the top of the heat insulating tray 43, a case-shaped heat insulating waterproof cover 46 is attached. The heat insulating waterproof cover 46 covers the workpiece and the blade 49 of the Z-axis slider 48 and plays a role of preventing the jumping of the cooling water.
As shown in FIG. 12, the heat insulating waterproof cover 46 is provided with a box-shaped cover portion 54 that covers the blade 49 and a lid portion 55. The cover portion 54 has an opening 54a in the ceiling wall, and a transparent plate 54b is attached to the opening 54a. Further, as shown in FIG. 13, an opening 54f is also formed behind the cover portion 54, and a transparent plate 54g is attached.

As shown in FIG. 12, an opening 54c (see FIG. 2) is formed in the front wall of the cover portion 54, and a transparent sliding window 54d that can move in the lateral direction is attached to the opening 54c. A handle 54e used for opening and closing is attached to the sliding window 54d.
A slide lid 55 a that moves in the lateral direction is disposed on the upper surface of the lid portion 55 at the side of the cover portion 54. A handle 55b used for opening and closing is attached to the slide lid 55a. By moving the chuck table 5 directly below the slide lid 55a and opening the slide lid 55a, the workpiece can be taken in and out.
As shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, mounting brackets 56 and 57 for mounting the heat insulating waterproof cover 46 to the Y-axis slider 14 are fixed to the back surface of the cover portion 54. The heat-insulating waterproof cover 46 has a crank-shaped mounting bracket 58 shown in FIG. 2 and upper ends of a substantially straight plate-shaped mounting bracket 59 attached to mounting brackets 56 and 57 via resin connecting members 108 and 109. , 59 are attached to the pair of rear legs 17 of the Y-axis slider 14.

The heat insulating waterproof cover 46 covers the periphery of the interior panel 60 in which the plate material is formed in a box shape with a resin heat insulating material 61, and the surface of the heat insulating material 61 is a metal exterior panel 62 as shown in FIGS. 15 and 16. Covered with. The exterior panel 62 does not have a direct contact portion with the interior panel 60, and the end edge 62 a of the exterior panel 62 is disposed at a distance from the interior panel 60. That is, the exterior panel 62 is formed in a floating state in relation to the interior panel 60. In the end edge portion 62 a, the fixing resin material 63 located outside the end edge portion 62 a is configured so that the end edge portion 62 a is tightly sandwiched between the fixing resin material 63 and the heat insulating material 61. It is arranged.
As shown in FIG. 15, the fixing resin material 63 is attached to the exterior panel 62 by a screw 64 whose axis is oriented in the horizontal direction, while, as shown in FIG. 15, by a bolt 65 whose axis is oriented in the vertical direction. The inner panel 60 is fixed. The mounting method is the same for the other fixing resin materials 63 shown in FIG. Although not shown in the drawing, the fixing resin material 63 is applied to the edge of the heat insulating waterproof cover 46 and the entire edge of the opening.

Next, a structure related to a cooling water drain for cooling the workpiece will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, a cooling water nozzle 66 is provided in the vicinity of the blade 49 of the Z-axis slider 48. As shown in FIG. 4, a drain outlet 43d is formed in the rear side portion of the heat insulating tray 43 for collecting the cooling water, a water pipe 67 is connected to the drain outlet 43d, and a lower end portion is not provided on the lower side. It extends in a connected state. In addition, about the heat insulation tray 43, it is preferable to provide an inclined surface etc. and to make the drain outlet 43d side low.
As shown in FIG. 8, the Y-axis slider 14 has a U-shaped X-axis heat-insulating drain 68 whose cross section faces the opening side upward at one end side of the rear side surface.
This X-axis heat insulating drain 68 extends long like a bowl in the X-axis direction, and the lower end portion of the above-described water distribution pipe 67 is introduced inside. When the X-axis slider 26 moves back and forth in the X-axis direction, regardless of the position of the X-axis slider 26, the lower end portion of the drain pipe 67 is positioned directly above the X-axis heat insulating drain 68, and the cooling water is X The shaft heat insulation drain 68 is configured to be recovered. That is, the heat insulating tray 43 can be moved relative to the X-axis heat insulating drain 68 in the X-axis direction, but the relative movement in the Y-axis direction is restricted. As shown in FIG. 8, a drain port 75 is formed at the inner end of the X-axis heat insulating drain 68 in the refrigeration cutting apparatus 1.

  A Y-axis heat insulating drain 74 is disposed on the upper surface of the electrical box 4. The Y-axis heat insulating drain 74 extends long like a bowl in the Y-axis direction, and is disposed so as to be located immediately below the drain port 75 of the X-axis heat insulating drain 68 described above. When the Y-axis slider 14 moves back and forth in the Y-axis direction, the drain port 75 is always located directly above the Y-axis heat insulation drain 74 regardless of the position of the Y axis, and the cooling water is supplied to the X-axis heat insulation drain 68. It is configured so that it can be recovered. In other words, the X-axis heat insulating drain 68 can be moved relative to the Y-axis heat insulating drain 74 in the Y-axis direction, but the relative movement in the X-axis direction is restricted. As shown in FIG. 4, a drain outlet 76 is formed at the rear end of the X-axis heat insulating drain 68 in the refrigeration cutting apparatus 1. It is desirable that the Y-axis heat insulating drain 74 and the above-described X-axis heat insulating drain 68 have an inclination such that the drain ports 75 and 76 are lowered so that the cooling water is discharged.

Next, the heat insulating structure of the Y-axis heat insulating drain 74 will be described together with its mounting structure.
As shown in FIGS. 17 and 18, the Y-axis heat insulating drain 74 includes an interior panel 79 that is in direct contact with cooling water and an outer exterior panel 80 that is not in contact with the cooling water. A mounting flange 81 protruding forward is formed. A heat insulating material 82 is disposed between the interior panel 79 and the exterior panel 80. A fixing resin material 83 is attached to the outer periphery of the upper portion of the Y-axis heat insulating drain 74 at a portion where the heat insulating material 82 is notched. In the portion where the fixing resin material 83 is disposed, a bent portion 80 a is formed by bending the upper end portion of the exterior panel 80 inward along the bottom portion of the fixing resin material 83. The interior panel 79 and the fixing resin material 83 are fixed by screws 64, and the exterior panel 80 and the fixing resin material 83 are fixed by bolts 65. Therefore, there is no portion in which the interior panel 79 and the exterior panel 80 of the Y-axis heat insulating drain 74 are in direct contact, and the bolt 65 or the portion that may be in contact with the interior panel 79 is formed by forming the hole 84, The interior panel 79 and the exterior panel 80 are prevented from contacting indirectly via the bolt 65. That is, the interior panel 79 and the exterior panel 80 are thermally blocked by the heat insulating material 82 and the fixing resin 83.

As shown in FIG. 17, an L-shaped attachment stay 77 is attached to the front portion of the electrical box 4, and the tip portion extends to the rear side of the refrigeration fixing device 1. The Y-axis heat-insulating drain 74 is arranged so as to float on the electrical box 4, and its front end is fixed to the mounting stay 77 with a bolt 72 or the like via the resin connecting member 78. As shown in FIG. 19, the rear end portion of the Y-axis heat insulation drain 74 is provided with a mounting flange 85 that is fixed to the interior panel 79 and projects downward from the interior panel 79 of the Y-axis heat insulation drain 74. A slit 88 is formed in the exterior panel 80 at a portion where the attachment flange 85 intersects the exterior panel 80, and the attachment flange 85 is not in contact with the exterior panel 80. On the other hand, a mounting bracket 86 is fixed to the rear side surface of the electrical equipment box 4, and is fixed between the mounting flange 85 and the mounting bracket 86 by a bolt 72 and a nut 73 through a resin connecting member 87. Thus, the Y-axis heat insulating drain 74 is fixed to the electrical equipment box 4 via the interior panel 79.
Although the description of the X-axis heat insulation drain 68 is omitted, the interior panel and the exterior panel are arranged in a non-contact state on the X-axis heat insulation drain 68 by using a heat insulating material and a fixing resin in the same manner as the Y-axis heat insulation drain 74. Then, the mounting flange fixed to the interior panel protrudes from the slit formed in the exterior panel in a non-contact state, and this mounting flange is fixed by the mounting bracket fixed to the Y-axis slider 14 via the resin connecting member.

FIG. 20 is a refrigeration system diagram of the refrigeration cutting apparatus and its peripheral devices.
The freezing and cutting apparatus 1 is provided with a refrigerator 90 in combination with the freezing and cutting apparatus 1. The refrigerator 90 reduces the temperature of the cooling water whose temperature has risen. After cooling the cooling water, the cooling water is pumped through the pipe 92 by the pump 91 to the cooling plate 39 of the refrigeration cutting apparatus 1 shown in FIG. To do. The cooling water that has passed through the flow passage 41 of the cooling plate 39 is returned to the refrigerator 90 through the conduit 93.
Further, the cooling water is pumped from the pump 91 of the refrigerator 90 to the preliminary cooling plate 94 via the pipe line 95. In the preliminary cooling plate 94, a substrate 97 is placed on the upper surface thereof, and the substrate 97 and the work 98 are fixed by refrigeration. The cooling water that has passed through the preliminary cooling plate 94 is returned to the refrigerator 90 through the pipe 96.

  The refrigerator 90 further includes another pump 99, from which cooling water is pumped through the pipe line 100 and is ejected from the nozzle 66 of the refrigeration cutting apparatus 1. The cooling water is collected in the heat insulating tray 43 described above, discharged to the outside of the refrigeration cutting apparatus 1 through the X-axis heat insulating drain 68 and the Y-axis heat insulating drain 74, and connected to the drain port 76 of the Y-axis heat insulating drain 74. It is once stored in the circulation relay tank 102 arranged on the downstream side through the pipeline 101. Next, the pipe 104 is pumped by the pump 103 provided in the circulation relay tank 102 and supplied to the cutting powder removing device 105. Here, the cooling water from which the cutting powder of the workpiece 98 has been filtered is pumped through the pipe line 107 by the pump 106 and returned to the refrigerator 90.

Hereinafter, the operation of the work refrigeration fixing apparatus according to the present invention will be described.
As a pre-operation, the preliminary cooling plate 94 is previously cooled to about 5 ° C to 15 ° C. As the work coagulant, the work can be fixed by using water-soluble polymer polyvinyl alcohol (hereinafter abbreviated as PVA). When the PVA is applied to the substrate 97 (and / or the work 98), the PVA can be applied by brushing, and the work 98 is placed on the substrate 97. Since PVA is viscous, the workpiece 98 is temporarily held on the substrate. Therefore, a viscous coagulant is preferred. When the substrate 97 is made of a porous material such as carbon or a material that soaks in moisture, if the coagulant is silicon oil or water, the silicon oil soaks into the carbon or the like. In some cases, however, the work 98 can be fixed to the substrate 97 without causing the coagulant to penetrate into the carbon if the viscosity is high.
In addition to PVA, water-soluble polymers such as starch, sodium alginate, and carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) that have adhesive strength at room temperature can be used as a viscous coagulant.

Also, when the substrate 97 is made of glass, if the entire surface of the glass 97 is coated with water, the surface tension causes polka dots to be scattered, resulting in poor wettability (adhesion) with the glass, such as a round bar that is easy to roll. It is difficult to accurately fix the circumferential surface at a predetermined position, and the adhesive force is small. PVA is viscous and sticky, and can be applied to the entire glass surface without brushing (although it is not essential to apply it to the glass surface), and positioning is easy without rolling a round bar or the like. be able to.
After the work 98 is temporarily held on the substrate 97, the substrate 97 and the work 98 are cooled on the preliminary cooling plate 94.

  After the substrate 97 and the work 98 are frozen and fixed, they are placed on the chuck table 5 of the freezing and fixing device 1, and the substrate 97 is fixed by the suction force of the vacuum chuck 40. Next, the workpiece 98 is positioned with respect to the blade 49 by appropriately moving the Y-axis slider 14, the X-axis slider 26, and the Z-axis slider 48. Then, cooling water is ejected from the nozzle 66 toward the workpiece 98, and the workpiece 98 is cut by the blade 49 while the frozen state of the substrate 97 and the workpiece 98 is maintained. The temperature of the cooling water ejected from the nozzle 66 is in the range of 2 ° C-15 ° C. The workpiece 98 is cut by rotating the blade 49 and moving the chuck table 5 with respect to the blade 49 in the X-axis direction. Regardless of which of the Y-axis slider 14 and the X-axis slider 26 is moved, the discharge end of the water distribution pipe 67 attached to the heat-insulating tray 43 is located immediately above the X-axis heat-insulating drain 68 and the drain outlet of the X-axis heat-insulating drain 68 75 is located immediately above the Y-axis heat insulating drain 74.

Then, as shown in FIG. 21, the work piece 98 is cut by rotating the blade 49, which is a rotary blade, by the driving means. At this time, the blade 49 is cut and the surface portion of the substrate 97 is slightly cut. The shape of the work is in a line contact with the substrate 97, such as a shape having a small bonding area with respect to the substrate 97, for example, an outer peripheral surface of a round bar shaped work 98 as shown in FIG. Even when the workpiece 98 is cut, the PVC freezing and fixing force is sufficiently strong to withstand the cutting, and the workpiece 98 is prevented from being peeled off.
During the cutting operation, the cooling water ejected from the nozzle 66 is blown up when it hits the blade 49, jumped off to the interior cover panel 60 disposed on the inner surface of the cover portion 54, and cooled. However, since the interior cover panel 60 disposed on the inner side is not in contact with the exterior cover panel 62 mounted on the outer side, there is no heat conduction between the cover panels 60 and 62, and between them, Is filled with a heat insulating material 61 and can prevent condensation on the exterior cover panel 62.

The splashed cooling water or the cooling water flowing down from the chuck table 5 is collected in the heat insulating tray 43. The heat insulating tray 43 is provided with a heat insulating material 47, and the interior panel 44 and the exterior panel 45 are not in contact with each other. Therefore, cold heat is not transmitted to the exterior panel 45 located at the bottom, and condensation does not occur. Accordingly, water droplets due to condensation do not flow down to the X-axis screw 25 provided on the Y-axis slider 14 disposed on the lower side, and the occurrence of rust is prevented.
The cooling water collected in the heat insulating tray 43 flows down from the discharge port 43d to the X-axis heat insulating drain 68 through the water distribution pipe 67, and then flows down from the drain port 75 of the X-axis heat insulating drain 68 to the Y-axis heat insulating drain 74. .

Although the heat insulation tray 43 is in direct contact with the cooling water on the interior panel 44 side, the interior panel 44 and the exterior panel 45 are assembled in a non-contact state with the heat insulation material 47 interposed therebetween. Is not transmitted to the interior panel 44 side, and the surface of the exterior panel 45 is maintained at a temperature close to room temperature, thereby preventing condensation.
Similarly, since the interior panel 79 that is in direct contact with the cooling water is in a non-contact state with the exterior panel 80 with respect to the Y-axis heat insulation drain 74, no condensation occurs on the exterior panel 80. Similarly, the occurrence of condensation can be prevented.

  Since the Y-axis heat insulation drain 74 is arranged so that the Y-axis heat insulation drain 74 itself is floated from the electrical equipment box 4 at the attachment location, cold heat is not transmitted to the electrical equipment box 4 side. The mounting flanges 81 and 85 for mounting the Y-axis heat insulating drain 74 on the electrical equipment box 4 side are in contact with the interior panel 79 in contact with the cooling water, but are attached to the electrical equipment box 4 side via the resin connecting members 78 and 87. Therefore, cold heat is not transmitted to the electrical equipment box 4, and the electrical equipment parts arranged therein are not frozen. In this regard, since the X-axis heat insulating drain 68 has the same structure, cold heat is not transmitted to the Y-axis slider 14.

Similarly, cold heat is transmitted to the mounting brackets 56 and 57 directly connected to the interior panel 44 of the heat-insulating waterproof cover 46, but by the mounting brackets 58 and 59 through the resin connecting members 108 and 109 (see FIG. 2). Since it is attached to the Y-axis slider 14, the cold heat of the interior panel 44 is not transmitted to the Y-axis slider 14 side. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the structural member of the Y-axis slider 14 from hindering its operation due to cold.
As shown in FIG. 11, the heat insulating tray 43 is also provided with a resin connecting member 71 between the fixing bracket 69 and the U-shaped bracket 70 in order to attach the heat insulating tray 43 to the X-axis slider 26. The cold heat of the interior panel 44 is not transmitted to the X-axis slider 26. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the structural member of the X-axis slider 26 from hindering its operation due to cold.

After cutting the workpiece 98, the substrate 97 and the workpiece 98 that is still frozen and fixed to the substrate 97 are taken out, and the substrate 97 and the workpiece 98 are immersed in a pre-prepared hot water tank (or water tank) and defrosted. To do. Since PVA as a coagulant is water-soluble, it can be easily dissolved in water.
Therefore, it is not necessary to manually separate the workpiece 98 from the substrate 97, that is, to heat the substrate again at about 120 ° C. to melt the wax and to separate each cut workpiece from the substrate. In addition, since no wax is used as a coagulant, a troublesome wax cleaning step can be omitted. In particular, the present invention is particularly effective when the workpiece is thin and small.
When the cut workpiece 98 is held on the substrate 97 as it is, since PVA is originally an adhesive, when the moisture is removed and the PVA is dried, the workpiece 98 is bonded to the substrate 97 as it is. If the substrate is naturally dried, the entire substrate 97 remains adhered.

The test results for the adhesive strength of the PAV of the present invention are shown below.
[Example 1]
As shown in FIG. 22, a plate glass 110 having a thickness of 5 mm is used as a substrate, a prismatic glass 111 having a length × width (bottom surface) of 10 × 10 mm is used as a workpiece, and the adhesive strength of an adhesive portion between the plate glass 110 and the prismatic glass 111 is set. Measured. As for the method of peeling off the prismatic glass 111, a portion having a height of 5 cm from the surface of the plate glass 110 of the prismatic glass 111 was pulled in the horizontal direction, and the tensile force at that time was measured.
FIG. 23 is a moment diagram corresponding to FIG. A corner portion where the prismatic glass 111 is inclined is defined as an action point s, a rotational moment of the distance to the action point of the adhesive force f and the tensile force F is calculated, and the tensile force F is calculated to derive the adhesive force f. The distance between the adhesive force f and the fulcrum s was 0.5 cm, which is half the length of the bottom side of the prismatic glass 111 (average value).
The sample as the coagulant was PVA in this example, and wax, water, and silicon oil were used as comparative examples.
PVA, water, and silicon-based oil (commercially available products as freeze-coagulating agents) were freeze-coagulated at minus 15 ° C. The dilution concentration of PVA is 100%.
The test results of PVA are shown in Table 1.

表１に示すように、接着強度は、ワックスが最も大きく、次いで、ＰＶＡ、シリコン系オイル、水の順であった。ＰＶＡの接着力は、ワックスの約２／３倍で、シリコン系オイルの２倍であった。
［実施例２］
次に、ＰＶＡを水で薄めて、上記角柱ガラスとガラス板との接着力を測定した。条件は、ＰＶＡの濃度を希釈した以外は同じである。結果を表２及び表３に示す。表２は、ＰＶＡの希釈濃度（水）に対する接着力の試験結果のアベレージを示す。表３は、各試験の回数毎のデータを示す。なお、シリコン系オイルは市販で、冷凍固定用として販売されているものをそのまま使用した。

As shown in Table 1, the adhesive strength was highest for wax, followed by PVA, silicone oil, and water. The adhesive strength of PVA was about 2/3 times that of wax and twice that of silicone oil.
[Example 2]
Next, PVA was diluted with water, and the adhesive force between the prismatic glass and the glass plate was measured. The conditions are the same except that the concentration of PVA is diluted. The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3. Table 2 shows the average of the test results of the adhesive strength against the diluted concentration of PVA (water). Table 3 shows the data for each number of tests. In addition, silicon-based oil is commercially available and used as it is for freezing and fixing.

表２に示すように、ＰＶＡは希釈濃度が５０％のものが最も接着力が大きいことが分かり、ＰＶＡの濃度が３０％以上のもので、２００Ｎ／ｃｍ^２以上の接着力があり、実用価値が高い。
このように、ＰＶＡは、角柱ガラスとガラス板とを、従来品の冷凍凝固剤よりも大きな力で冷凍固定できるのが、確認できた。
なお、接着力はワックスが最も大きいが、加熱、剥がし、ワックス洗浄などの作業があるので、切削時間の短縮、切削までに至る予備作業の容易性の利点の方が大きい。
以上、本発明の実施の形態について説明したが、本発明は勿論、本発明の技術的思想に基づいて、種々の変更が可能である。
本実施の形態では、冷凍固定装置をワークの切断装置で説明したが、冷凍固定装置は切断機以外の冷凍固定装置、例えば研磨機の冷凍固定装置にも適用が可能である。

As shown in Table 2, it can be seen that the PVA having the dilution concentration of 50% has the highest adhesive strength, the PVA concentration is 30% or more, has an adhesive strength of 200 N / cm ² or more, and has practical value. Is expensive.
Thus, it was confirmed that PVA can freeze and fix a prismatic glass and a glass plate with a greater force than a conventional frozen coagulant.
The wax has the largest adhesive strength, but since there are operations such as heating, peeling, and wax cleaning, the advantages of the shortening of the cutting time and the ease of the preliminary work up to the cutting are greater.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention can be variously modified based on the technical idea of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, the refrigeration fixing device has been described as a workpiece cutting device. However, the refrigeration fixing device can be applied to a refrigeration fixing device other than a cutting machine, for example, a refrigeration fixing device of a polishing machine.

It is the whole work refrigeration fixing device perspective view in an embodiment of the invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of the refrigeration fixing apparatus of the workpiece | work of FIG. It is a front view of the refrigeration fixing apparatus of the workpiece | work of FIG. It is a top view of the refrigeration fixing device of the workpiece | work of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the AA line direction of FIG. 4 (X and Y-axis heat insulation drain are shown with a cross section). It is a perspective view which shows the engagement state of the Y-axis slider and Y-axis screw in the refrigeration fixing device of the workpiece | work of FIG. It is a figure which shows the drive state of the Y-axis screw of the Y-axis transfer mechanism in the refrigeration fixing apparatus of the workpiece | work of FIG. It is a perspective view of the Y-axis slider in the refrigeration fixing device of the workpiece | work of FIG. It is a figure which shows the engagement state of the Y-axis slider and X-axis slider in the refrigeration fixing apparatus of the workpiece | work of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the chuck table periphery in the refrigeration fixing device of the workpiece | work of FIG. It is an expanded sectional view of the attachment part of the X-axis slider and heat insulation tray in the refrigeration fixing apparatus of the workpiece | work of FIG. It is a top view (the figure of the left side is the figure seen from the arrow E direction) of the heat insulation waterproof cover in the freezing fixing device of the workpiece | work of FIG. It is a front view of the heat insulation waterproof cover in the refrigeration fixing device of the workpiece | work of FIG. It is a right view of the heat insulation waterproof cover in the refrigeration fixing device of the workpiece | work of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the BB line direction of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the CC line direction of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the attachment state to the electrical equipment box of the Y-axis heat insulation drain in the refrigeration fixing device of the workpiece | work of FIG. It is an expanded sectional view in the circle shown by arrow D in FIG. It is an expanded sectional view of the rear end side of the Y-axis heat insulation drain shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a circulation system diagram of a refrigeration liquid supplied to the refrigeration / fixing device for the workpiece of FIG. FIG. 22 is a side view of a state in which a workpiece is fixed to the substrate of FIG. 21. It is a schematic side view of the adhesive strength test method of PAV of this invention and a comparative example. It is a moment figure for calculating | requiring adhesive force from the result by the adhesive strength test method of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Refrigeration cutting apparatus 2 Base 5 Chuck table 14 Y-axis slider 26 X-axis slider 38, 47, 61, 82 Thermal insulation material 43 Thermal insulation tray 44, 79 Interior panel 45, 80 Exterior panel 48 Z-axis slider 49 Blade 63, 83 fixation Resin Material 68 X-axis Insulated Drain 71, 78, 87 Resin Connecting Member 74 Y-axis Insulated Drain 98 Workpiece

Claims (6)

A liquid or viscous coagulant is interposed between the workpiece and the substrate, the coagulant is frozen, and the workpiece and the substrate are frozen and fixed with the coagulant, and the substrate is fixed with the workpiece. In a method for freezing and fixing a workpiece in which the workpiece is processed by a processing tool.
A method for freezing and fixing a workpiece, wherein the coagulant is a water-soluble polymer having adhesiveness.   The method for freezing and fixing a workpiece according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble polymer contains at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, starch, sodium alginate, and carboxymethylcellulose.   The method for freezing and fixing a workpiece according to claim 1 or 2, wherein cooling water having a temperature lower than a freezing point of the water-soluble polymer is supplied to the workpiece. A chuck table for fixing a workpiece, a processing tool for processing the workpiece, a support member for supporting the processing tool, a transfer means for transferring the chuck table in a horizontal direction, and the support member for the chuck table Elevating means for moving up and down, and a base in which a control unit for supporting and controlling the transfer means and elevating means is provided, and the work is frozen and fixed to the substrate by a liquid or viscous coagulant. In addition, in the refrigeration fixing device of the work that is configured to fix the substrate to the chuck table,
The apparatus for freezing and fixing a workpiece, wherein the coagulant is a water-soluble polymer.   The work water refrigeration fixing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the water-soluble polymer contains at least one of polyvinyl alcohol, starch, sodium alginate, and carboxymethylcellulose.   6. The work refrigeration fixing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein cooling water having a temperature lower than a freezing point of the water-soluble polymer is supplied to the work.

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