JP2007233941A - Self-driven type telemetry observation device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To transfer important data preferentially by efficiently using limited accumulated power and to simplify remote maintenance of a device. <P>SOLUTION: A data logger 14 detects remaining capacity of power of a power accumulating unit 13 and sets observation frequency and data transfer frequency suitable to the remaining capacity on the basis of the detected remaining capacity of power. The operation of acquiring observation data from a rainfall sensor 153 and the operation of transferring the observation data to a data collecting device are carried out according to the set observation frequency and data transfer frequency. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  This invention is a self-driven telemetry observation in which a monitoring power supply for disaster prevention and various environmental data are observed using a battery as a power source in a place without a commercial power supply facility such as a mountainous area, and the observation data is transferred to a remote data collection device. Relates to the device.

  In Japan, there are many rapid rivers and landslide hazard areas, and large-scale weather disasters are likely to occur due to large and small earthquakes and typhoons. Therefore, in order to understand the scale of damage to infrastructure facilities such as roads and buildings due to such a large-scale weather disaster, and to enable residents to promptly evacuate in the event of a disaster, remote monitoring of various disaster prevention information (telemetry) (Also called telemonitoring). In general, telemetry is realized by installing a telemetry observation device at an arbitrarily selected observation target location, acquiring observation data from various sensors in this telemetry observation device, and transferring this observation data to a monitoring center via a communication network. Is done.

  By the way, the power supply means of the telemetry observation apparatus can use commercial power equipment in plains and mountainous areas, but cannot use commercial power equipment in non-residential areas such as mountainous areas. For this reason, in a non-residential area, electric power is generated based on natural energy such as sunlight and wind power, and the battery is charged with the generated electric power and the output is used as an operation power source. However, since the amount of power generated by natural energy is inherently unstable, sufficient power cannot always be supplied. For example, solar power cannot be generated at night, and the amount of power generation varies greatly depending on the time of cloudy weather or sunshine conditions even during the daytime. Wind power generation is not performed sufficiently in areas where wind is weak, and even in areas where wind is strong, power generation is not performed during times when wind does not blow. Therefore, in the so-called self-sustained telemetry observation apparatus that generates electric power based on natural energy as described above, some countermeasure is required for a power supply for which stable power supply cannot be expected.

  For example, a device that observes the water level and rainfall of a river is provided with a function to change the frequency of communication to the monitoring center before and after rainfall is observed, and as a backup when communication is not possible A function of temporarily storing observation data in a memory in the observation apparatus is provided (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1).

  In addition, when a secondary battery such as a lead storage battery is used as a storage battery, a method has been proposed in which the remaining amount of electricity stored in the secondary battery is ascertained and the operation of the device is controlled based on the remaining amount of electricity stored. Yes. In this case, as a method of grasping the remaining amount of electricity stored in the lead storage battery, for example, a theoretical formula is derived from an electrochemical point of view from the correlation between the internal resistance of the storage battery and the remaining amount of storage, and this is based on the measured internal resistance value. A technique for estimating the remaining amount of electricity stored from a theoretical formula is known (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 2).

Water level / rainfall remote monitoring system http://www.ikeda-keiki.co.jp/seihin/uryou/WEBsuii-uryoukei-u.html

Shin-Kobe Technical Report No.14, 2004-2, “Development of lead-acid battery state detection technology”, Ogoshi, Yamada, Hirasawa, Miyazaki, Emori, p7-11http: //www.shinkobe-denki.co.jp/t_report/ 2004/24340% 20No.14_2nd.pdf

However, the conventional self-driving telemetry observation apparatus has the following problems to be solved.
First, the observation operation and the observation data transfer operation to the data collection device are performed at a constant frequency regardless of the remaining amount of power stored in the battery. For this reason, when the remaining amount of power storage becomes low, it is impossible to perform emergency measures such as suspension of the observation operation, measures to reduce the communication frequency, and dynamic change of the observation method according to the remaining power storage amount. In particular, when a chemical secondary battery such as a lead storage battery is used as the battery, the remaining amount of electricity stored cannot be accurately detected, so the observation mode and the transfer mode can be changed according to the remaining amount of electricity stored. Have difficulty.

  Secondly, an apparatus having a function of generating an alarm when the remaining amount of electricity stored in the storage battery decreases below a preset threshold value has been proposed. However, an alarm cannot be generated if the remaining amount of power storage suddenly decreases and the alarm generation function itself becomes inoperable. Also, in telemetry observation equipment, events that are more important than normal observation data may occur, such as abnormal operation of the equipment itself, but when such important information is sent to the monitoring center. As a result, the remaining amount of power storage is already insufficient, which may cause the transmission function or the like to become inoperable and prevent important information from being transmitted.

  Third, since the observed data is observed and transferred to the monitoring center according to a predetermined observation schedule set in advance, there are the following problems. In other words, generally observed events change from moment to moment, and observation data also fluctuates accordingly. For example, a relatively light rain state in which the rainfall within a unit time is about 5 to 10 mm continues for a long time, but a heavy rain of 30 to 50 mm, which increases the risk of disaster, is concentrated within several hours. Therefore, the data observation time interval and the transfer time interval to the data collection device may be low when there is a little rain, but it is necessary to collect and transfer data at a high frequency during heavy rain.

  However, in the conventional telemetry observation device, observation is performed with a fixed observation schedule during light rain and heavy rain, and the observation data is transferred to the data collection device. For this reason, regardless of the usefulness of the observed data, all data is transferred to the monitoring center, and power is consumed even when transferring observation data that is not important or has low acquisition value. There is. That is, there is a problem that the ratio of the required power to the effective transfer data amount, that is, a large amount of effective telemetry power is required.

  Fourthly, there are the following problems regarding monitoring of the driving state of the telemetry observation apparatus itself and abnormality detection. That is, the lead storage battery is aged over time. Therefore, in order to detect this aging deterioration, for example, a voltage drop and a remaining power storage amount are monitored using a technique as shown in Non-Patent Document 2. However, with this conventional method, it is difficult to accurately estimate the remaining amount of power storage.

  On the other hand, if the observed data is not transferred from the telemetry observation device to the monitoring center at a predetermined timing, the direct causes are considered to be an abnormality in the sensor itself in the telemetry observation device and an abnormality in the power supply state to the sensor. It is done. Further, as an indirect cause, it is conceivable that the battery is abnormally discharged or the remaining amount of power storage is insufficient. However, the conventional telemetry observation apparatus has a problem that it is impossible to identify these causes and to identify an abnormal part.

  The present invention has been made by paying attention to the above circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to make it possible to transfer important data preferentially by efficiently utilizing finite power storage and simplify remote maintenance of the apparatus. An object is to provide a self-supporting telemetry observation apparatus that is designed to be a simpler.

In order to achieve the above object, the self-supporting telemetry observation apparatus according to the present invention employs the following various means.
A first aspect is a data logger that acquires observation data from a sensor and transfers the acquired observation data to a data collection device via a communication network, and electric power that stores electric power generated based on natural energy. A self-driving telemetry observation apparatus comprising: a storage unit; and a power supply control unit that supplies power stored in the power storage unit to the data logger, wherein the remaining power of the power storage unit is determined by the data logger. And an observation frequency suitable for the remaining power level is set based on the detected remaining power level. Then, according to the set observation frequency, an operation for acquiring observation data from the sensor is executed.

  Therefore, the observation frequency for driving the sensor and acquiring the observation data from the sensor is variably set so as to always have an appropriate value according to the remaining power of the power storage unit. For this reason, the observation data acquisition operation is performed with a high frequency when the remaining power is sufficient, while the observation data acquisition operation is performed with a low frequency when the remaining stored power is low. Therefore, it is possible to extend the operable period of the apparatus by effectively using the stored power of the power storage unit, compared to the case where the observation operation is always performed at a constant frequency.

  According to a second aspect, the remaining power of the power storage unit is detected by a data logger, and a data transfer frequency suitable for the remaining power is set based on the detected remaining power. Then, the operation of transferring the observation data to the data collection device is executed according to the set data transfer frequency.

  Therefore, the data transfer frequency for transferring the observation data to the data collection device is variably set so as to always have an appropriate value according to the remaining power of the power storage unit. For this reason, the observation data transfer operation is performed with a high frequency when the remaining power is sufficient, while the observation data transfer operation is performed with a low frequency when the remaining stored power is low. Therefore, it is possible to extend the operable period of the apparatus by effectively using the stored power of the power storage unit as compared with the case where the observation data transfer operation is always performed at a constant frequency.

  A third aspect is to determine whether or not the observation data acquired from the sensor exceeds a preset threshold by a data logger, and when it is determined that the observation data exceeds the threshold, the power supply control unit Is given a standby power supply instruction. On the other hand, in the power supply control unit, the remaining power set in advance in the power stored in the power storage unit is held in the power storage unit as standby power, and in this state, a standby power supply instruction is given from the data logger. In this case, the stored reserve power is supplied from the power storage unit to the data logger.

  The fourth aspect is that when a data logger detects an abnormality in at least one of the power generated based on natural energy and the power stored in the power storage unit, the power supply control unit is instructed to perform preliminary power supply. give. On the other hand, in the power supply control unit, the remaining power set in advance in the power stored in the power storage unit is held in the power storage unit as standby power, and in this state, a standby power supply instruction is given from the data logger. In this case, the stored reserve power is supplied from the power storage unit to the data logger.

  The fifth aspect is that the data logger monitors the arrival of the execution request for the special observation operation transmitted from the data collection device. When the arrival of the execution request for the special observation operation is detected, the power supply control unit is reserved. Give power supply instructions. On the other hand, in the power supply control unit, a preset remaining amount of power stored in the power storage unit is held in the power storage unit as backup power, and a standby power supply instruction is given from the data logger in this state. In this case, the stored reserve power is supplied from the power storage unit to the data logger.

  Therefore, according to the third, fourth, and fifth aspects, the power remaining amount set in advance in the power storage unit is always reserved as reserve power. In this state, when an abnormality in the observation data is detected in the data logger, an abnormality in the generated power or the accumulated power is detected, or when a request for executing a special observation operation is received from the data collection device, Even if the stored power of the power storage unit is low, the reserved backup power is supplied to the data logger so that the data logger can operate. For this reason, for example, when an abnormality occurs in a sensor, a data logger, a power storage unit, or the like, an alarm for informing this state can be reliably transmitted to the data collection device. In addition, even when a request for execution of a specific observation operation arrives from the data collection device, it is possible to reliably execute the operation according to the request and transmit the execution result to the data collection device.

  According to a sixth aspect, in the data logger, a plurality of small ranges set by dividing the observable range by the sensor and a recommended value of the observation time interval preset for each small range are stored in association with each other. A table is provided. Then, in a state where the observation data is acquired from the sensor at the first observation time interval, each time the observation data is acquired, a small range including the acquired observation data is specified, and the specified small range The recommended observation time interval is retrieved from the above table. When the first observation time interval is different from the recommended value of the searched observation time interval, the first observation time interval is changed to the recommended value of the observation time interval. .

  According to a seventh aspect, in the data logger, a plurality of small ranges set by dividing the observable range by the sensor are associated with recommended values of data transfer time intervals set in advance for each of the small ranges. A table for storing is provided. Then, in a state where the acquired observation data is transferred to the data collection device at the first data transfer time interval, each time observation data is acquired, a small range including the acquired observation data is specified. The recommended value of the data transfer time interval is searched from the above table for the specified small range. When the first data transfer time interval is different from the recommended value of the searched data transfer time interval, the first data transfer time interval is changed to the recommended value of the data transfer time interval. It is a thing.

  Therefore, according to the sixth and seventh aspects, the observation time interval or the data transfer time interval is changed to the recommended value according to the value of the observation data, for example. For this reason, when observation data values need to be observed at short time intervals, for example, the observation time interval or data transfer time interval is changed to a short value, which enables precise observation and data reporting. It becomes. On the other hand, when the observation data value only needs to be observed at a long time interval, for example, the observation time interval or the data transfer time interval is changed to a long time interval, thereby suppressing the power consumption of the power storage unit. Observation is possible.

According to an eighth aspect, the data logger determines whether the observation data acquired from the sensor is within a preset range, and the acquired observation data is determined to be outside the preset range. In this case, the observation data is discarded.
Therefore, among the observation data of various values acquired from the sensor, data not included in the preset range is automatically discarded in the data logger. For this reason, only the data included in the preset range is transferred to the data collection device, thereby reducing the power consumed by the data transfer and extending the operable period of the device. It becomes.

  A ninth aspect includes a data logger that acquires observation data from a sensor and transfers the acquired observation data to a data collection device via a communication network, and a power generation unit that generates power based on natural energy A self-driving telemetry observation apparatus comprising: a power storage unit that stores the generated power; and a power supply control unit that supplies power stored in the power storage unit to the data logger. The unit detects the power generated by the power generation unit and the remaining amount of stored power in the power storage unit, and the generated power detection value and the remaining power detection value of the stored power are stored in the data logger. Notice. On the other hand, the data logger determines whether there is an abnormality in the power generation unit and the power storage unit based on the detection value of the generated power and the remaining amount detection value of the stored power notified from the power supply control unit. . When it is determined that there is an abnormality in at least one of the power generation unit and the power storage unit, the cause of the abnormality is estimated based on the detection value of the generated power and the remaining amount detection value of the stored power. The information indicating the cause of the abnormality is transmitted to the data collection device.

  Therefore, in the data logger, the abnormality and the cause of the power generation unit and the power storage unit are automatically detected and estimated, and the estimated cause of the abnormality is notified to the data collection device. As a result, for example, it is possible to reduce sunshine due to fluctuations in generated current in solar power generation and to isolate power generation failures.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a self-driving telemetry observation apparatus that can efficiently transfer limited data by using finite stored power efficiently and that simplifies remote maintenance of the apparatus. Can do.

Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a telemetry system including a self-supporting telemetry observation apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In this telemetry system, a telemetry observation device 1 is installed at an observation point such as a mountainous area, and a data collection device 2 is installed in a government building of a national or local government. Between these telemetry observation devices 1 and the data collection device 2 Are connected via the communication network 3.

  The telemetry observation apparatus 1 is a self-supporting drive type, and includes a charge / discharge control unit 11, an energy conversion unit 12, a power storage unit 13, and a data logger 14. The energy conversion part 12 consists of a solar cell panel, for example, and converts sunlight into electric power. In addition, as the energy conversion part 12, it is also possible to use another converter using natural energy such as a wind power generator. The power storage unit 13 is composed of, for example, an electric double layer capacitor, and is used for storing the power generated by the energy conversion unit 12.

  The charge / discharge control unit 11 includes, for example, an information processing unit 111, an information storage unit 112, a serial communication interface 113, and a charge / discharge control circuit 114 as shown in FIG. First of all, the charge / discharge control circuit 114 supplies the power generated by the energy conversion unit 12 to the power storage unit 13 and charges the power storage unit 13 to a predetermined storage capacity. At this time, when the power storage unit 13 is composed of an electric double layer capacitor, the backflow of the charged power is prevented. Further, when the power storage unit 13 is composed of a lead storage battery, it is necessary to perform constant voltage charging. Therefore, the unstable voltage value generated by the energy conversion unit 12 is stabilized to a constant value, and then the power storage unit 13 To supply. Moreover, the operation | movement which prevents the overcharge of the electric power storage unit 13 is also performed. At the same time, the charge / discharge control circuit 114 controls the supply of power from the power storage unit 13 to the data logger 14.

  The information processing unit 111 monitors the charge / discharge state of the power charging unit 13 by the charge / discharge control circuit 114, and stores the information in the information storage unit 112 when an abnormal state is detected. The data logger 14 is notified from 113.

  The data logger 14 includes a sensor group 15, an information processing unit 16, and a communication interface 17, and further includes a power supply unit 141, a serial communication interface 142, and an information storage unit 143 as shown in FIG. Among these, the power supply unit 141 supplies the power supplied from the charge / discharge control circuit 114 to each circuit unit in the data logger 14. The serial communication interface 142 is used to exchange charge / discharge control signals and status notification signals with the charge / discharge control unit 11.

  The sensor group 15 includes an observation sensor and a monitoring sensor that monitors an operation state in the telemetry observation apparatus 1. The observation sensor includes a rainfall sensor 153 as shown in FIG. The monitoring sensor includes a voltage sensor 151 and a current sensor 152. The voltage sensor 151 detects the voltage between the terminals of the power storage unit 13. The current sensor 152 detects the current value output from the energy conversion unit 12.

  As the rainfall sensor 153, for example, a commercially available falling mass type rain gauge is used. In this falling mass type rain gauge, a constant voltage is applied (pulled up) to the signal line from the data logger 14, and when rain accumulates in a certain capacity of the mass, it falls and contacts the contacts, thereby In this structure, the amount of rain per unit time is measured by counting the contact pulses generated at the data logger 14. 2 exemplifies the case where the rain sensor 153 is accommodated in the data logger 14 and is operated using a part of the electric power supplied from the charge / discharge control circuit 114 to the data logger 14. When a built-in rain sensor is used, the rain sensor can be installed outside the telemetry observation apparatus 1.

The information processing unit 16 is composed of, for example, a microcomputer, and executes the following controls according to the present invention in accordance with an application program stored in a program memory (not shown).
That is, the control for setting the number of observations per unit time and the number of data transfers according to the remaining amount of power storage, and the charge / discharge control circuit 114 according to the occurrence of an event in which the reserve power reserved in the electrical storage unit 13 is preset. Control that is supplied to the data logger 14, control that variably sets the observation time interval and the data transfer time interval according to the observation level, and control that discards the observation data according to the observation level are executed. The preset event includes a case where the rainfall per unit time exceeds the upper limit value, a case where the amount of change in the terminal voltage of the power storage unit 13 within a certain time exceeds a threshold value, and an energy conversion unit. 12 when the amount of change in the output current of 12 exceeds a threshold, when the amount of change in the power supplied from the charge / discharge control circuit 114 exceeds the threshold, and data collection There may be special requests from the device.

  The information storage unit 143 has an area for storing observation data and detection data detected by the sensor group 15 and an area for storing an observation / transfer control table used for controlling the information processing unit 16. . The communication interface 17 is for transferring data to and from the data collection device 2 via the communication network 3, and includes a wireless packet communication interface, for example, as shown in FIG.

The data collection device 2 includes a communication interface 22 and a data processing unit 23. Specifically, the communication interface 22 and the data processing unit 23 are configured by a general-purpose computer 21.
The communication network 3 includes an IP (Internet Protocol) network represented by the Internet, for example, and a plurality of access networks for accessing the IP network. As the access network, for example, a DSL (Digital Subscriber Line) or a wired subscriber network using an optical transmission line, a LAN, a wireless LAN (Local Area Network), a mobile communication network, or a dedicated line network is used.

Next, the operation of the apparatus configured as described above will be described.
(1) Control of the number of observations per unit time and the number of data transfers according to the remaining power
An observation / transfer control table is stored in the information storage unit 143 of the data logger 14. As shown in FIG. 3, the observation / transfer control table includes n (n is a positive integer) set values αi (where i <j = 2,..., N) with respect to the remaining amount X of electricity stored in the electric double layer capacitor 13. Αi <αj) in association with αi <αj), and the number of observations Ai per unit time of the rainfall sensor 153 preset for αi (where Ai <Aj for i <j = 2,..., N) and Similarly, the number of transfer times Bi per unit time of the rainfall observation data set in advance for each αi (where Bi <Bj for i <j = 2,..., N) is stored. Here, Ai and Bi mean that when the power storage residual amount X is in the range of αi−1 ≦ X <αi, the data observation frequency and the data transfer frequency of the rainfall sensor that can be continuously observed for a certain period of time, respectively. It is an allowable upper limit value.

The data logger 14 executes the following control using the observation / transfer control table. FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing the control procedure and control contents.
That is, the information processing unit 16 of the data logger 14 first takes in the detected value of the voltage between the terminals of the electric double layer capacitor 13 from the voltage sensor 151 in step 4a, and stores this detected value of the voltage between terminals in step 4b. Convert to quantity X. Next, in step 4c, based on the set value αi corresponding to the remaining power storage amount X, the number of observations Ai per unit time and the number of transfers Bi per unit time corresponding to the set value αi are measured and transferred. Read from the control table.

  In step 4d, the rainfall sensor 153 is driven at the time interval specified by the read Ai, and the rain observation data is acquired from the rain sensor 153. At the same time, in step 4e, the communication interface 17 is controlled at a time interval specified by the read Bi, thereby transmitting the acquired rainfall observation data to the data collecting device 2.

  For example, at a certain time T1 when it is raining, the remaining power storage amount X1 is in the range of αi−1 ≦ X1 <αi, the number of data observations Ai per unit time, and the number of data transfers per unit time to the data collection device Assume that rainfall is observed in Bi, and the remaining power storage amount X2 decreases to αi−2 ≦ X2 <αi−1 at time T2 after a certain period of time has elapsed. At this point, the information processing unit 16 controls the driving of the rain sensor 153 and the communication interface 17 so as to reduce the number of observations per unit time to Ai-1 and the number of observation data transfers per unit time to Bi-1. To do. As a result, the power consumption in the data logger 14 is suppressed by the reduction in the observation frequency and the data transfer frequency, thereby making it possible to make the rain measurement time longer.

  If there is a lot of rainfall and it is difficult to reduce the data observation frequency, the observation data is temporarily stored in the information storage unit 143, and only the number of data transfers to the data collection device 2 is reduced. You may make it transfer collectively at the time of transfer. In addition, it can be considered that power generation by the solar cell panel is not performed during rainfall. Therefore, power is not supplied to the current sensor 152 during rainfall. In this way, power consumption in the data logger 14 can be further suppressed.

(2) When the rainfall per unit time exceeds the upper limit value, control for supplying the reserve power reserved in the electrical storage unit 13 to the data logger 14 (power supply control 1 according to the event)
The information storage unit 143 of the data logger 14 stores a threshold value β1 that is set as a trigger for transferring emergency information such as an alarm to the data collection device 2 for the rainfall observation value per unit time. ing.

  On the other hand, the information storage unit 112 of the charge / discharge control unit 11 stores the value E1 of the electric power that is discharged only when the trigger signal S1 is received, the value E2 of the electric power that is discharged only when the trigger signal S2 is received,. The discharge power value En corresponding to the n trigger signals is stored like the value En of the power to be discharged only when the signal is received. Here, the value of E1 + E2 +... + En = ΣE is assumed to be sufficiently smaller than the total storage capacity Ecap of the electric double layer capacitor 13. Alternatively, the storage capacity is designed and equipped in advance so that the total storage capacity Ecap of the electric double layer capacitor 13 is sufficiently larger than ΣE. Therefore, the electric power necessary for the use irrespective of reception of each trigger signal S1, S2,..., Sn is provided within the capacity of Ecap-ΣE. That is, when Ecap-ΣE = 0, power is not supplied to applications not related to the trigger signals S1, S2,..., Sn. That is, the electric double layer capacitor 13 reserves reserve power for use in a specific application.

The data logger 14 and the charge / discharge control unit 11 execute power feeding control as follows. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the control procedure and control contents.
That is, when the rainfall observation contact pulse signal is measured by the rainfall sensor 153, this signal is transmitted to the information processing unit 16. In step 6a, the information processing unit 16 counts the number of contact pulse signals generated per unit time, and converts the count value into a rainfall value Y1 per unit time in step 6b. Then, the converted rainfall value Y1 per unit time is compared with the threshold value β1 stored in advance in the information storage unit 143 in step 6c. If Y1> β1 as a result of this comparison, the information processing unit 16 determines that the rainfall per unit time has exceeded the upper limit, and triggers the charge / discharge control unit 11 via the serial communication interface 142 in step 6d. Signal S1 is notified.

  On the other hand, the information storage unit 112 of the charge / discharge control unit 11 stores information indicating the reserve power value E1 to be discharged in association with the trigger signal S1 as described above. In this state, when the trigger signal S1 arrives from the data logger 14, the information processing unit 111 of the charge / discharge unit 11 proceeds from step 6e to step 6f, where the discharge corresponding to the trigger signal S1 from the information storage unit 112 is performed. Information representing the power value E1 is read. Then, an instruction is given to the charge / discharge control circuit 114 in step 6g, and thereby the reserve power E1 reserved in the electric double layer capacitor 13 is supplied to the data logger 14.

  Therefore, the data logger 14 generates the alarm data that the rainfall per unit time has exceeded the upper limit value due to the information processing unit 16 and the wireless packet communication interface 17 being activated by the supplied reserve power E1. Then, the alarm data is transmitted to the data collection device 2. For this reason, for example, the alarm data can be reliably transmitted to the data collection device 2 even in a state where the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electric double layer capacitor 13 is reduced and the normal observation operation of the data logger 14 is stopped. Become.

(3) Control for supplying reserve power reserved in the electrical storage unit 13 to the data logger 14 when a power supply abnormality occurs (power supply control 2 according to an event)
The information storage unit 143 of the data logger 14 includes a threshold value β2 for the current change amount within a certain time detected by the current sensor 152 and a threshold value β3 for the voltage change amount within a certain time detected by the voltage sensor 151. , And a threshold value β4 for the power consumption within a predetermined time detected by the power supply unit 141 is stored.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the information processing unit 16 of the data logger 14 first detects the current change amount ΔY2 detected in step 7b when the current change amount ΔY2 within a predetermined time is detected by the current sensor 152 in step 7a. Compare with threshold β2. As a result of this comparison, when the current change amount ΔY2 falls below the threshold value β2, it is determined that the power generation efficiency is lowered due to, for example, a shield attached to the solar cell panel, resulting in an abnormality.

  Next, the information processing unit 16 of the data logger 14 performs the voltage change amount ΔY3 within a predetermined time by the voltage sensor 151 in step 7c in a time zone when the power for driving the data logger 14 is not supplied to the power supply unit 141. Will detect. In step 7d, the detected current change amount ΔY3 is compared with a threshold value β3. As a result of this comparison, if the voltage change amount ΔY3 falls below the threshold value β3, it is determined that the self-discharge amount of the electric double layer capacitor 13 exceeds the allowable value.

  Further, in step 7e, the information processing unit 16 of the data logger 14 detects the power consumption ΔY4 within a predetermined time by the power supply unit 141. In step 7f, the detected power consumption ΔY4 is compared with a threshold value β4. As a result of this comparison, when the power consumption amount ΔY4 falls below the threshold value β4, it is an abnormal state that exceeds the power consumption required for normal driving due to an assumed cause such as an increase in the information processing amount of the data logger 14. Judge.

  When an abnormal state is detected in any of Step 7b, Step 7d, or Step 7f, the information processing unit 16 of the data logger 14 generates a trigger signal S2 in Step 7g and uses this trigger signal S2 as the serial communication interface 142. The charge / discharge control unit 11 is notified via

  On the other hand, the information storage unit 112 of the charge / discharge control unit 11 stores information indicating the reserve power value E2 to be discharged in association with the trigger signal S2, as described above. In this state, when the trigger signal S2 arrives from the data logger 14, the information processing unit 111 of the charge / discharge unit 11 shifts from step 7h to step 7i, where the discharge corresponding to the trigger signal S2 from the information storage unit 112 is performed. Information representing the power value E2 is read. Then, an instruction is given to the charge / discharge control circuit 114 in step 7j, and thereby, the reserve power E2 reserved in the electric double layer capacitor 13 is supplied to the data logger 14.

Therefore, in the data logger 14, the information processing unit 16 and the wireless packet communication interface 17 are brought into an operating state by the supplied standby power E2, and thereby the alarm data indicating that an abnormality has occurred in the solar panel, the electric double layer capacitor 13 Alarm data indicating that an abnormality has occurred, or alarm data indicating that an abnormality that increases the load in the data logger 14 is generated, and the generated alarm data is transmitted to the data collection device 2.
For this reason, for example, the alarm data can be reliably transmitted to the data collection device 2 even in a state where the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electric double layer capacitor 13 is reduced and the normal observation operation of the data logger 14 is stopped. Become.

(4) Control for supplying reserve power reserved in the electrical storage unit 13 to the data logger 14 in response to a request from the data collection device 2 (power supply control 3 according to an event)
In the normal observation operation state, the data logger 14 monitors the arrival of the execution request for the special observation operation from the data collection device 2 in step 8a as shown in FIG. In this state, a request for obtaining observation data with a frequency exceeding the set value from the data collection device 2 via the communication network 3, a request for transferring observation data with a frequency exceeding the set value, or a power consumption exceeding the required power is generated. Suppose a request for a measurement method arrives. Upon receiving these execution requests, the information processing unit 16 of the data logger 14 proceeds from step 8a to step 8b and gives a trigger signal S3 to the charge / discharge control unit 11 via the serial communication interface 142.

  On the other hand, in the information storage unit 112 of the charge / discharge control unit 11, when the trigger signal S3 is received as described above, standby power that is supplied only to the telemetry observation apparatus 1 to execute the special observation execution request. Information representing E3 is stored. Further, as described above, the electric double layer capacitor 13 reserves the remaining amount of electricity that exceeds at least the reserve power E3.

  In this state, when the trigger signal S3 arrives from the data logger 14 via the serial communication interface 113, the information processing unit 111 of the charge / discharge control unit 11 proceeds from step 8c to step 8d and is stored in the information storage unit 112. The information indicating the reserve power E3 is read out. In step 8e, the charge / discharge control circuit 114 is instructed to supply the data logger 14 with the reserve power E3. In response to the power supply instruction from the information processing unit 111, the charge / discharge control circuit 114 supplies the standby power E <b> 3 from the electric double layer capacitor 13 to the power supply unit 141 of the data logger 13.

  Therefore, in the data logger 14, the information processing unit 16, each sensor, and the wireless packet communication interface 17 are in an operating state by the supplied reserve power E3. Then, the observation operation having a high frequency is executed according to the observation schedule instructed by the execution request for the special observation operation from the data collection device 2, and the observation data obtained by this observation operation is transferred from the wireless communication interface 17 to the data collection device 2. Transfer at a frequency.

  For this reason, for example, even when the remaining amount of electricity stored in the electric double layer capacitor 13 is reduced and the normal observation operation of the data logger 14 is stopped, the data collection device 2 is instructed by the execution request for the special observation operation. Special observation operations and data transfer operations can be executed reliably.

(5) Control of observation time interval and data transfer time interval according to the observation level
The information storage unit 143 of the data logger 14 stores an observation level table that represents the correspondence between the rainfall observation level and the rainfall observation time interval. FIG. 5 shows a specific example of this observation level table.

Generally, when performing rainfall observation using a falling mass type rainfall sensor, when there is rainfall that satisfies the mass capacity, the amount of rain that is discharged after the mass is turned down by one rotation is measured as 0.5 mm. In Figure 5, Komaki City's homepage
http://www.city.komaki.aichi.jp/fire/bt_jo/taifuh/gou_u.html The rainfall per hour (hereinafter referred to as “1 hour rainfall”) and how it rains With reference to the relationship, the rain observation level is set to 6 levels. Then, in association with each observation level, the range of rainfall for one hour at that observation level, how to rain, the number of rain gauge pulses per hour observed by the falling mass type rain sensor (hereinafter referred to as “one hour pulse number”) ”), Rainfall duration, and observation time interval ΔT (unit: minutes). Here, the number of rain gauge pulses means that, for example, at the observation level “1”, the rainfall amount per hour is 5 mm or less, so the number of pulses per hour is 10 or less. The rainfall duration was estimated by referring to rainfall observation data in Tochio City during the Niigata / Fukushima heavy rain in July 2004, and estimated the duration of 1-hour rainfall at each observation level. The observation time interval ΔT is set so that the maximum number of data transferred within the rain duration time of each observation level is approximately the value of each observation level shown in the observation level table shown in FIG. In addition, here, the observation data transfer time interval to the data collection device 2 at each observation level is set equal to the observation time interval ΔT.

  In this state, for example, it is assumed that there is precipitation corresponding to observation level 3. First, in step 9a, the information processing unit 16 of the data logger 14 measures the number of pulses γ from the rainfall sensor 153 observed during a period from a certain time T to a time T + ΔT after the observation time interval ΔT. Next, in step 9b, a value Γ1 of γ × (60 / ΔT (min)) is calculated, and an observation level corresponding to the calculated Γ1 is specified in step 9c.

  In step 9d, the observation time interval corresponding to the specified observation level is read with reference to the observation level table stored in the information storage unit 143, and the currently set observation time interval is read out. Change to observation time interval. For example, if the observation level corresponding to Γ1 is level “4”, the observation time interval is changed to a value corresponding to level “4” from this point.

  At the same time, in step 9e, the observation level table stored in the information storage unit 143 is referred to read out the data transfer time interval corresponding to the specified observation level, and the currently set data transfer time interval is Change to the read data transfer time interval. For example, if the observation level corresponding to Γ1 is level “4”, the data transfer time interval is changed to a value corresponding to level “4” from this point.

  As a result, when the rainfall level changes from observation level “3”, which has a relatively low risk of disaster, to observation level “4”, where there is a risk of landslide, the observation time interval and the observation data transfer time interval are shortened. Is done. Thereafter, similarly, the number of one-hour pulses is calculated from the number of pulses observed within an arbitrary observation time interval ΔT, and it is determined which observation level the number of one-hour pulses belongs to. Depending on the result, the current observation time interval and data transfer time interval are changed according to the rain.

  Thus, more important data with high disaster risk can be transferred in detail and frequently. This corresponds to the case where the hourly rainfall is observed data, and A = 0, a1 = 5 mm, a2 = 10 mm, a3 = 20 mm, a4 = 30 mm, a5 = 40 mm, a6 = 50 mm. . However, the upper limit value B of the hourly rainfall of the rainfall sensor is not determined here together with the observation level table (FIG. 5).

(6) Discard observation data according to the observation level
Here, a case where the observation level table (FIG. 5) is applied to sediment disaster monitoring will be described as an example. When an hourly rainfall of observation level “4” where a sediment disaster is expected to occur is observed, the data logger 13 notifies the data collection device 2 of a sediment disaster warning. At the same time, the observation data of the one hour rainfall less than the observation level “4” is set to be discarded, and this setting information is stored in the information storage unit 143 of the data logger 13.

  First, in step 10a, the information processing unit 16 of the data logger 14 measures the number of pulses δ from the rainfall sensor 153 observed during a period from a certain time T to a time T + ΔT after the observation time interval ΔT. In step 10b, a value Γ2 of δ × (60 / ΔT (min)) is calculated, and an observation level corresponding to the calculated Γ2 is specified in step 10c.

  Next, in step 10d, the observation level corresponding to the specified Γ2 is compared with the setting information stored in the information storage unit 143, that is, the level “4”. As a result of the comparison, if the specified current observation level is equal to or higher than the set level “4”, the process proceeds to step 10e, where the rain observation data is transmitted by radio packet communication together with a sediment disaster warning. The data is transmitted from the interface 17 to the data collection device 2. On the other hand, if the specified current observation level is less than the set level “4”, the process proceeds to step 10f, where the rain observation data is discarded from the information storage unit 143.

  Therefore, when the observation level corresponding to the current rainfall is the set observation level “4”, the observation data of the rainfall is discarded and not transferred to the data collection device 2. For this reason, the number of times the observation data is transferred to the data collection device 2 is suppressed, and the power consumption by the data logger 14 is reduced correspondingly, whereby the life of the electric double layer capacitor 13 can be extended.

(Second Embodiment)
FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a self-driving telemetry observation apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the same parts as those in FIG.
The charge / discharge control unit 110 is further provided with a current sensor 115 and a voltage sensor 116 in addition to the information processing unit 111, the information storage unit 112, the serial communication interface 113, and the charge / discharge control circuit 114 described above. The current sensor 115 detects the generated current value Is of the solar cell panel 12 as the energy conversion unit via the charge / discharge control circuit 114. The voltage sensor 116 detects the inter-terminal voltage Vc of the electric double layer capacitor 13 as a power storage unit via the charge / discharge control circuit 114.

  The information processing unit 111 acquires the generated current value Is and the inter-terminal voltage Vc from the current sensor 115 and the voltage sensor 116, respectively, when a measurement instruction comes from the data logger 140 described later, and the acquired generated current value A control function of notifying the data logger 140 of Is and the remaining amount Ec of electric double layer capacitor 13 converted from the acquired inter-terminal voltage Vc is provided.

On the other hand, the data logger 140 is provided with an ultraviolet sensor 154 instead of the current sensor 151 and the voltage sensor 152. The ultraviolet sensor 154 is used to detect the amount of sunlight irradiated.
The information processing unit 16 of the data logger 140 gives a measurement request to the charge / discharge control unit 110 when a decrease in the power supplied from the electric double layer capacitor 13 to the power supply unit 141 is detected. When the charge / discharge control unit 110 notifies the measurement request of the generated current value Is and the remaining power Ec, the presence / absence of the power supply system abnormality and the cause of the abnormality are determined based on these values. And a control function for transmitting report data of the determination result to the data collection device 2.

Next, the operation of the telemetry observation apparatus configured as described above will be described. FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing a control procedure and control contents by the data logger 140 and the charge / discharge control unit 110.
When the solar cell panel 12 is irradiated with sunlight, DC power is generated, and power having a magnitude depending on the sunlight intensity is supplied to the charge / discharge control circuit 114 in the charge / discharge control unit 110. The electric power supplied to the charge / discharge control circuit 114 is output as DC power to the electric double layer capacitor 13 and charged to a predetermined storage capacity. The electric power stored in the electric double layer capacitor 13 is supplied to the data logger 140 through the charge / discharge control circuit 114 and used to drive each functional element mounted on or connected to the data logger 140. Here, the charge / discharge control circuit 114 has a charge control function according to the storage form of the electric double layer capacitor 13 such as preventing a reverse flow of the charged power when charging the electric double layer capacitor 13.

  Now, suppose that the power supplied from the electric double layer capacitor 13 to the data logger 140 via the charge / discharge control circuit 114 is lowered, and the operation state of the data logger 140 driven by the predetermined power becomes unstable. To do. Here, the cause of the decrease in the supplied power is considered to be the shortage of the remaining amount of electricity in the electric double layer capacitor 13 (Cause 1) and the power generation abnormality (Cause 2) in the solar cell panel 12.

  When the information processing unit 16 of the data logger 140 detects that the supply power value has decreased below the threshold value for a predetermined time in step 12a, it determines that the supply power is abnormal, and serial communication is performed in step 12b. A measurement instruction such as the remaining amount of power storage is given to the charge / discharge control unit 110 via the interface 142.

  In contrast, in the charge / discharge control unit 110, the information processing unit 111 monitors the arrival of a measurement instruction in step 12c. In this state, when a measurement instruction such as the remaining amount of electricity is received from the data logger 140, the process first proceeds to step 12d, where the voltage Vc between the terminals of the electric double layer capacitor 13 is obtained from the voltage sensor 116. Subsequently, in step 12e, the generated current value Is of the solar cell panel 12 is acquired from the current sensor 115. Then, in step 12f, the inter-terminal voltage Vc is converted into the remaining amount of electricity Ec, and the report data of the converted remaining amount of electricity Ec and the acquired generated current value Is is obtained from the serial communication interface 113 in step 12g. Send to logger 140.

  The data logger 140 monitors the arrival of report data from the charge / discharge control unit 110 in step 12h. In this state, when report data arrives from the charge / discharge control unit 110, the process proceeds from step 12h to step 12i, where the remaining power Ec and the generated current value Is included in the report data are compared with the allowable values. Based on the comparison result, it is determined whether or not the remaining power Ec and the generated current value Is correspond to abnormal values. If the result of this determination is an abnormal value, the process proceeds to step 12j, where the cause of the abnormality is determined as follows. Here, the case where Is and Ec exceed a preset allowable value is expressed as G, and the case where it falls below is expressed as NG.

Determination 1. In the case of Is: G, Ec: NG → The cause is determined as “1”.
Judgment 2. If Is: NG, Ec: G → Cause “2” is determined.
At this time, the information processing unit 16 of the data logger 140 drives the ultraviolet sensor 154 to measure the sunlight irradiation amount L for a certain period of time. Then, assuming that the average amount of sunlight irradiated during fine weather is L0, and L within a certain time exceeds L0, it is determined that the solar cell panel 12 has failed. On the other hand, when L within a certain period of time falls below L0, it is determined that the weather is cloudy. Further, when L recovers to near L0 within a certain time, it is determined that the light is temporarily blocked by the shielding object.

Judgment 3 When Is: NG, Ec: NG
The information processing unit 16 of the data logger 140 drives the ultraviolet sensor 154 and measures the sunlight irradiation amount L for a certain period of time. At this time, if L falls below L0 within a predetermined time, it is determined that the cause is “1”. On the other hand, when L exceeds L0 within a predetermined time, it is determined that the solar cell panel 12 is out of order.

Finally, the information processing unit 16 of the data logger 140 generates report data including the determination result in step 12j in step 12k, and transmits the generated report data to the data collection device 2 from the wireless packet communication interface 17.
As an alternative to the ultraviolet sensor 154, the sunlight intensity observed by an element corresponding to a single cell of the solar battery panel 12 may be used. In addition, the information processing unit 16 of the data logger 140 identifies an abnormal part and determines a cause event. The information processing unit 16 detects a decrease in power supply power and then notifies the data collection device 2 of this, and the data collection device 2 may identify an abnormal part and determine the cause event.

  Therefore, in the second embodiment, the data logger 140 automatically detects and determines the abnormality and the cause of the solar cell panel 12 and the electric double layer capacitor 13, and the estimated abnormality cause is the data collection device 2. To be reported. As a result, in the data collection device 2, for example, it is possible to reduce sunshine due to fluctuations in the generated current Is in solar power generation and to distinguish between power generation failures.

  That is, since the solar cell panel 12 is configured by connecting a plurality of cells in series, even if there is sufficient sunshine, the amount of power generation in the entire panel is drastically reduced if there is partial light shielding. For this reason, if the cause of light shielding is a temporary phenomenon such as adhesion of a shield such as a leaf, the generated current value is rapidly recovered. However, in the case of a permanent phenomenon such as cell breakage or surface contamination, the state in which the generated current value is reduced is permanent. Therefore, both states can be identified by the duration of the low power generation current.

  On the other hand, even if cloudy weather continues for a long time, the state of low power generation current persists, but if sunlight is detected by an ultraviolet sensor or temperature sensor, the cloudy weather condition is eliminated from the causal event, and it is possible to reduce sunlight and isolate power generation failures. It becomes. In addition, the operation state of the self-supporting telemetry observation device 10 can be diagnosed remotely and in detail from the data collection device 2 side. For this reason, even if a failure or the like occurs in the self-driving telemetry observation device 10 and maintenance personnel need to go to the observation site, it is possible to easily take a recovery measure in advance.

(Other embodiments)
In the above embodiment, the case where solar power generation is used has been described as an example. However, when other natural energy such as wind power generation or geothermal power generation is used to generate power, the power is stored in the power storage unit and used. This invention can also be applied.
In addition, the configuration of the data logger and the charge / discharge control unit, the configuration of the power storage unit, the control procedure control contents by the data logger, and the like can be variously modified and implemented without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  In short, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments as they are, and can be embodied by modifying the components without departing from the scope of the invention in the implementation stage. Moreover, various inventions can be formed by appropriately combining a plurality of constituent elements disclosed in the above embodiments. For example, some components may be deleted from all the components shown in each embodiment. Furthermore, you may combine suitably the component covering different embodiment.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the telemetry system containing the self-supporting drive type telemetry observation apparatus concerning 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows the specific structure of the self-supporting drive type telemetry observation apparatus shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the observation and transfer control table memorize | stored in the data logger of the apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a control procedure and control contents when the data logger of the device shown in FIG. 2 executes control of the number of observations per unit time and the number of data transfers according to the remaining amount of electricity stored. 3 shows a specific example of an observation level table stored in a data logger of the apparatus shown in FIG. When the data logger and the charge / discharge control unit of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 execute control for supplying the data logger with the reserve power reserved in the electrical storage unit when the rainfall per unit time exceeds the upper limit value. It is a flowchart which shows a control procedure and control content. Control procedure and control contents when the data logger and charge / discharge control unit of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 execute control to supply the reserve power reserved in the electric storage unit to the data logger when a power supply system abnormality occurs It is a flowchart which shows. A control procedure when the data logger and the charge / discharge control unit of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 execute control to supply the data logger with the reserve power reserved in the electrical storage unit in response to a request from the data collection device 2; It is a flowchart which shows the control content. It is a flowchart which shows the control procedure and control content at the time of the data logger of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 performing control of the observation time interval and data transfer time interval according to an observation level. It is a flowchart which shows the control procedure and control content at the time of the data logger of the apparatus shown in FIG. 2 performing control which discards observation data according to an observation level. It is a block diagram which shows the specific structure of the self-supporting drive type telemetry observation apparatus concerning the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows the control procedure and control content at the time of the data logger and charging / discharging control unit of the apparatus shown in FIG. 11 performing automatic diagnosis control of a power supply system.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,10 ... Self-supporting type telemetry observation device, 2 ... Data collection device, 3 ... Communication network, 11, 110 ... Charge / discharge control unit, 111 ... Information processing part of charge / discharge control unit, 112 ... Information on charge / discharge control unit Storage unit 113... Serial communication interface 114. Charge / discharge control circuit 12 energy conversion unit (solar cell panel) 13 power storage unit (electric double layer capacitor) 14, 140 data logger 141 power supply 142, data logger serial communication interface, 143 ... data logger information storage unit, 15 ... sensor group, 151 ... voltage sensor, 152 ... current sensor, 153 ... rain sensor, 16 ... data logger information processing unit, 17 ... communication interface (wireless packet communication interface).

Claims (9)

A data logger that acquires observation data from a sensor and transfers the acquired observation data to a data collection device via a communication network;
A power storage unit that stores power generated based on natural energy;
A power supply control unit that supplies power stored in the power storage unit to the data logger;
The data logger is
Means for detecting the remaining power of the power storage unit;
Means for setting an observation frequency suitable for the remaining power based on the detected remaining power;
A self-driving telemetry observation apparatus, comprising: means for executing observation data acquisition from the sensor according to the set observation frequency. A data logger that acquires observation data from a sensor and transfers the acquired observation data to a data collection device via a communication network;
A power storage unit that stores power generated based on natural energy;
A power supply control unit that supplies power stored in the power storage unit to the data logger;
The data logger is
Means for detecting the remaining power of the power storage unit;
Means for setting a data transfer frequency suitable for the remaining power based on the detected remaining power;
A self-driving telemetry observation apparatus comprising: means for executing observation data transfer to the data collection apparatus according to the set data transfer frequency. A data logger that acquires observation data from a sensor and transfers the acquired observation data to a data collection device via a communication network;
A power storage unit that stores power generated based on natural energy;
A power supply control unit that supplies power stored in the power storage unit to the data logger;
The data logger is
Means for determining whether observation data acquired from the sensor has exceeded a preset threshold;
When it is determined that the observation data exceeds the threshold value, the power supply control unit is provided with a standby power supply instruction,
The power supply control unit includes:
Means for causing the power storage unit to hold a preset remaining amount of power stored in the power storage unit as reserve power;
A self-driving telemetry observation apparatus comprising: means for supplying the backup power from the power storage unit to the data logger when a backup power supply instruction is given from the data logger. A data logger that acquires observation data from a sensor and transfers the acquired observation data to a data collection device via a communication network;
A power storage unit that stores power generated based on natural energy;
A power supply control unit that supplies power stored in the power storage unit to the data logger;
The data logger is
Means for detecting an abnormality in the generated power and the stored power;
Means for providing a standby power supply instruction to the power supply control unit when an abnormality is detected in at least one of the generated power and the stored power;
The power supply control unit includes:
Means for causing the power storage unit to hold a preset remaining amount of power stored in the power storage unit as reserve power;
A self-driving telemetry observation apparatus comprising: means for supplying the backup power from the power storage unit to the data logger when a backup power supply instruction is given from the data logger. A data logger that acquires observation data from a sensor and transfers the acquired observation data to a data collection device via a communication network;
A power storage unit that stores power generated based on natural energy;
A power supply control unit that supplies power stored in the power storage unit to the data logger;
The data logger is
Means for monitoring the arrival of an execution request for a preset special observation operation transmitted from the data collection device;
A means for providing a standby power supply instruction to the power supply control unit when an arrival of an execution request for the special observation operation is detected;
The power supply control unit includes:
Means for causing the power storage unit to hold a preset remaining amount of power stored in the power storage unit as reserve power;
A self-driving telemetry observation apparatus comprising: means for supplying the backup power from the power storage unit to the data logger when a backup power supply instruction is given from the data logger. A data logger that acquires observation data from a sensor and transfers the acquired observation data to a data collection device via a communication network;
A power storage unit that stores power generated based on natural energy;
A power supply control unit that supplies power stored in the power storage unit to the data logger;
The data logger is
A table for storing a plurality of small ranges set by dividing the observable range by the sensor, and recommended values of observation time intervals set in advance for each of the small ranges;
Means for obtaining observation data from the sensor at first observation time intervals;
Means for identifying a small range including the acquired observation data, and searching the table for a recommended value of an observation time interval for the identified small range;
Means for changing the first observation time interval to a recommended value of the observation time interval when the first observation time interval is different from the recommended value of the searched observation time interval. A self-driving telemetry observation device. A data logger that acquires observation data from a sensor and transfers the acquired observation data to a data collection device via a communication network;
A power storage unit that stores power generated based on natural energy;
A power supply control unit that supplies power stored in the power storage unit to the data logger;
The data logger is
A table for storing a plurality of small ranges set by dividing the observable range by the sensor and a recommended value of a data transfer time interval set in advance for each of the small ranges;
Means for transferring the acquired observation data to a data collection device at a first data transfer time interval;
Means for identifying a small range including the acquired observation data and searching the table for a recommended value of a data transfer time interval for the identified small range;
Means for changing the first data transfer time interval to the recommended value of the data transfer time interval when the first data transfer time interval is different from the recommended value of the retrieved data transfer time interval. This is a self-supporting telemetry observation device. A data logger that acquires observation data from a sensor and transfers the acquired observation data to a data collection device via a communication network;
A power storage unit that stores power generated based on natural energy;
A power supply control unit that supplies power stored in the power storage unit to the data logger;
The data logger is
Means for determining whether or not the acquired observation data is within a preset range;
A self-driving telemetry observation apparatus comprising: means for discarding the observation data when the acquired observation data is determined to be outside the preset range. A data logger that acquires observation data from a sensor and transfers the acquired observation data to a data collection device via a communication network;
A power generation unit that generates power based on natural energy;
A power storage unit for storing the generated power;
A power supply control unit that supplies power stored in the power storage unit to the data logger;
The power supply control unit includes:
Means for detecting power generated by the power generation unit;
Means for detecting the remaining amount of stored power in the power storage unit;
Means for notifying the data logger of the generated power detection value and the stored power remaining amount detection value;
The data logger is
Means for determining whether or not there is an abnormality in the power generation unit and the power storage unit based on the detection value of the generated power and the remaining power detection value of the stored power notified from the power supply control unit;
Means for estimating the cause of the abnormality based on the detection value of the generated power and the remaining amount detection value of the stored power when it is determined that at least one of the power generation unit and the power storage unit is abnormal;
A self-driving telemetry observation apparatus comprising: means for transmitting information representing the estimated cause of the abnormality to the data collection apparatus.

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