JP2007230509A - Pod propeller and ship equipped with the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pod propeller which improves turning performance of a ship by generation of a large turning force for turning the ship even when a turning angle of the pod propeller is small in turning the ship and reduces increase in resistance of a steering force and the pod propeller in turning the pod propeller, and also to provide a ship equipped with the same. <P>SOLUTION: The pod propeller 10 is turnably or swingably installed on a hull 1b of the ship 1 is provided with an auxiliary rudder 15 generating a force contributing to turning of the ship 1, in a position located rearward of a pod 12 of the pod propeller 10 and against which backwash of the propeller 14 of the propeller 10 collides. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a pod propulsion device provided so as to be capable of swiveling or swinging with respect to a hull and a ship including the pod propulsion device, and more particularly, a pod propulsion device capable of improving the turning performance of a ship and a ship including the pod propulsion device. About.

  In a ship equipped with an azimuth type pod propulsor that is pivotable or swingable with respect to the hull, the propeller of the pod propulsion unit can be rotated by swinging or swinging the pod propeller without providing a rudder. The direction of the generated thrust is changed with respect to the ship to generate a force for turning the ship. In the method of turning or swinging the pod propeller, a sine component (Sin component) relating to the inclination angle of the propeller thrust and a lateral force due to the rudder effect of the strut (strut) are used.

  However, when trying to obtain a large turning force during turning to change the course of the ship, it is necessary to increase the turning angle of the pod propeller, so that the pod propeller is greatly inclined with respect to the water flow. The moment acting in the direction that impedes the turning of the propeller and the resistance of the pod propeller increase, the driving force for turning the pod propeller increases, and the ship speed decreases due to the increase of the resistance of the pod propeller There's a problem.

  As one countermeasure, a tractor-type pod propeller equipped with a propeller at the tip of the pod is provided with a swingable rudder on the rear edge of the column that supports the pod. At sea, avoiding an increase in the force and moment to the pod propeller and an increase in the resistance of the pod propeller during high-speed navigation by moving the flap and maneuvering without turning or swinging the pod propeller. Propulsion and steering devices have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Similarly, in a pusher type pod propulsion device having a propeller on the rear side of the pod, a flap (auxiliary steering member) is provided on the rear edge, the front edge, or the side wall portion of the column (rectifier member) that supports the pod. The pod propeller is swiveled or swung during navigation to move the flap to maintain the direction of the hull (straightness) and further improve the steering force during turning. An azimuth propelling device has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

  However, in the structure in which the flaps of these pods are provided with a flap, the rotation shaft is arranged in a Z shape from the engine on the ship, that is, from the substantially horizontal rotation shaft on the ship to the substantially horizontal rotation shaft. When adopting a system that transmits rotation to the propeller rotation shaft and rotates the propeller, it is necessary to house the rotation transmission mechanism and flap opening / closing mechanism in the column that requires structural strength to support the pod As a result, the structure of the support becomes complicated and the thickness thereof increases, so that there is a problem that the turning moment for turning the pod propulsion is increased and the resistance of the support is also increased.

  In addition, an auxiliary rudder separated from the pod propulsion device is provided at a position below the stern protrusion and at a position behind the pod propulsion device, so that the turning drive force can be reduced and the steering performance can be reduced without reducing the forward thrust. A steering apparatus for a pod propulsion ship has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 3).

In this case, however, a steering turning device for operating the auxiliary rudder is required in addition to the turning mechanism of the pod propulsion device, and when the pod propulsion device is turned or swung, the propeller of the pod propulsion device is required. There is a problem that the wake behind the stern does not hit the auxiliary rudder provided below the stern protrusion, and the wake behind the propeller cannot be used for steering.
Special table 2000-511488 JP 2003-11893 A JP 2005-255127 A

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and its purpose is to generate a large turning force for turning the ship even when the turning angle of the pod propulsion device is small. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pod propulsion device capable of improving the turning performance of the ship and reducing the steering force and the increase in resistance of the pod propulsion device when turning the pod propulsion device, and a ship equipped with the pod propulsion device. .

  In order to achieve the above object, the pod propulsion device of the present invention is a pod propulsion device that is provided so as to be capable of turning or swinging with respect to the hull of a ship, and an auxiliary rudder that generates a force that contributes to turning of the ship. It is arranged behind the pod of the pod propeller in a position where the wake of the propeller of the pod propeller hits.

  In this configuration, the auxiliary rudder is not provided in the hull, but is provided integrally with the pod propeller at a position on the rear side of the pod of the pod propeller so as to turn or swing together with the pod propeller. With this configuration, the turning force generated by the auxiliary rudder can be used, so that the turning force of the ship can be improved.

  Further, since the auxiliary rudder is disposed in the propeller wake, where the wake of the propeller hits, the speed of the water flow flowing into the auxiliary rudder is accelerated by the propeller of the pod propeller, so that the turning to the ship where the auxiliary rudder occurs The force is increased and the rudder performance of the auxiliary rudder is improved. As a result, compared to the case where no auxiliary rudder is provided in the wake of the propeller, the turning force that can be generated by the auxiliary rudder increases, the rudder area for obtaining the same turning force can be reduced, and the resistance increase due to the auxiliary rudder is also less. it can.

  Therefore, since the maneuvering performance with a small steering angle can be realized by improving the steering performance by improving the steering force, it is not necessary to increase the turning angle of the pod propulsion unit. The amount of decrease in driving force and ship speed can be reduced.

  In addition, the auxiliary rudder integrated with the pod propeller can be turned or swung only by a mechanism for turning or swinging the pod propeller. Therefore, when fixing the auxiliary rudder to the pod propeller without making it movable, it is only necessary to increase the turning force of the pod propeller, and it is necessary to newly provide a mechanism for turning or swinging the auxiliary rudder. Further, the structure is remarkably simple as compared with a structure in which a flap is provided on a strut (strut, rectifying material).

  In the above pod propulsion device, when the pod propulsion device is a pusher type pod propulsion device in which a propeller is disposed on the rear side of the pod, the effect can be further increased. That is, the present invention can be applied regardless of the position of the propeller in the pod, such as a pusher type pod propeller with a propeller mounted on the rear side and a tractor type pod propeller with a propeller mounted on the front side. A propeller of the type is more preferable because the propeller wake can be used more effectively with the auxiliary rudder.

  Further, in the pod propulsion device described above, the whole or part of the auxiliary rudder is provided so as to be swingable. The auxiliary rudder may be fixed without being movable with respect to the pod propeller, but the entire auxiliary rudder can be made swingable with respect to the pod propeller, and the rudder angle can be increased with respect to the pod propeller. You may comprise so that it may take. Further, a flap may be provided on a part of the auxiliary rudder so that the flap is movable.

  In the pod propulsion unit, the support member of the auxiliary rudder is arranged so that a cross-sectional area perpendicular to the turning or swinging direction of the pod propulsion unit is smaller than a cross-sectional area along the turning or swinging direction. If provided, the resistance of the support member when the pod propeller is swung or swung can be reduced, so that the swirling or swinging torque of the pod propeller can be reduced.

  Further, in the above pod propulsion device, a part or the whole of the support member of the auxiliary rudder is formed in a wing shape along the water flow, and arranged so as to obtain a propulsive force by the wing shape portion. Since the propulsion unit resistance can be reduced, the propulsion efficiency of the pod propulsion unit can be improved.

  According to these configurations, in addition to the turning force generated by the turning angle of the pod propulsion device, a relatively small turning force generated by the steering angle of the auxiliary rudder can be used, so that the turning force can be finely adjusted. Therefore, finer turning control becomes possible.

  And the ship of this invention for achieving said objective is comprised including said pod propulsion apparatus. With this configuration, it is possible to improve the maneuverability while suppressing a decrease in ship speed with a small turning driving force.

  According to the pod propulsion device of the present invention, by arranging the auxiliary rudder in the propeller wake, the propeller wake can be effectively used to improve the steering force of the auxiliary rudder, and the ship maneuvering performance Can be improved. This improvement in maneuvering performance enables the maneuvering with a small turning angle of the pod propulsion device, eliminating the need to increase the turning angle of the pod propulsion device, and reducing the amount of decrease in the driving force and turning speed for turning. can do.

  Further, if the pod propeller is a pusher type pod propeller having a propeller disposed on the rear side of the pod, the auxiliary rudder can use the propeller wake more effectively, so the steering force of the auxiliary rudder can be further improved. .

  Further, by providing the whole or part of the auxiliary rudder so as to be swingable, the turning force can be finely adjusted with a small turning force for the auxiliary rudder, so that fine turning control is possible.

  If the support member of the auxiliary rudder is arranged so that the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the turning or swinging direction of the pod propeller is smaller than the cross-sectional area along the turning or swinging direction, The turning or swinging torque can be reduced.

  In addition, if a part or the whole of the support member of the auxiliary rudder is formed into a wing shape along the water flow and arranged to obtain a propulsive force by this wing shape portion, the resistance of the pod thruster can be reduced. , Can increase propulsion efficiency.

  According to the ship of the present invention, by providing the pod propulsion unit with the auxiliary rudder, the maneuvering performance can be improved while suppressing the decrease in the ship speed with a small driving force for turning.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a pod propulsion device according to the present invention and a ship including the same will be described with reference to the drawings. First, the first embodiment will be described. In the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the ship 1 has a skeg 1s at the center in the width direction of the hull 1b at the stern, and a pair of pod thrusters 10 on both sides thereof. It is formed by the provided biaxial ship.

  The pod propulsion device 10 has an upper support column 11 having a rudder shape in a horizontal section, a pod 12 and a lower support column 13 having a rudder shape in a horizontal section, and a pusher type pod having a propeller 14 mounted on the rear side of the pod. Formed as a propeller.

  The portion below the upper support column 11 is configured to be turnable or swingable about the rotation axis C-C by a turning device (not shown) provided on the hull 1b side, and the pod 12 It is comprised so that rotation control of the propeller 14 with which it was mounted | worn to can be carried out. The pod propulsion device 10 that can turn or swing with respect to the hull 1b is generally called a pod propulsion device with an azimuth mechanism.

  And in this invention, in this pod propulsion device 10, the auxiliary rudder 15 is arranged on the rear side of the pod 12 of the pod propulsion device 10 and at the position where the propeller wake of the propeller 14 hits, so that the ship 1 turns. Generate a contributing force. The auxiliary rudder 15 is fixed and supported in a substantially vertical direction by an upper support member 16 connected to the upper support column 11 and a lower support member 17 connected to the lower support column 13. That is, the auxiliary rudder 15 has a horizontal cross section formed into a flat plate shape, a symmetrical wing shape, an asymmetric wing shape, a streamlined shape, etc., and the surface is substantially vertical (in a horizontal plane), similar to the rudder arranged on the normal hull side. (Substantially perpendicular). Further, the planar shape may be, for example, a shape as shown in FIGS. 10 to 13 or other shapes. The auxiliary rudder 15 is integrated with the pod propeller 10 and swivels or swings with the pod propeller 10.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 14, a part of the support member 18 of the auxiliary rudder 15 (for example, a part protruding horizontally from the pod 12) or the whole is formed into a wing shape along the water flow, and the wing-shaped part Since the resistance of the pod propulsion device 10 can be reduced by arranging it horizontally, for example, so as to obtain the propulsion force, the propulsion efficiency of the pod propulsion device 10 can be improved. As a part of the support member 18, for example, there are a portion 18 a that protrudes horizontally from the pod 12, a portion 18 b that protrudes horizontally that supports the auxiliary rudder 15, a portion 18 c that connects both of them. Moreover, you may form these whole 18 in a wing | blade shape, respectively.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 14, the support member 18 of the auxiliary rudder 15 is arranged so that the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the turning or swinging direction of the pod propeller 10 is smaller than the cross-sectional area along the turning or swinging direction. When arranged and provided, the turning or swinging torque of the pod propulsion device 10 can be reduced.

  Next, a second embodiment will be described. In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the pod propulsion device 10 </ b> A is formed as a tractor type pod propulsion device in which a propeller 14 is mounted on the front side of the pod 12. The other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. Also in this tractor type pod propulsion device 10 </ b> A, the auxiliary rudder 15 is arranged at a position where the propeller wake of the propeller 14 hits on the rear side of the pod 12 to generate a force that contributes to the turning of the ship 1.

  According to the first and second embodiments described above, the auxiliary rudder 15 is integrated with the pod propellers 10 and 10A and pivots or swings together with the pod propellers 10 and 10A. In addition to the rudder effect, the turning effect of the ship 1, 1 </ b> A can be improved by the rudder effect generated by the auxiliary rudder 15. Further, since the auxiliary rudder 15 can be swung or swung by a mechanism that swivels or swings the pod propulsor 10 or 10A, there is no need to newly provide a mechanism for swiveling or swinging the auxiliary rudder 15. .

  In addition, the auxiliary rudder 15 is arranged in the wake of the propeller, and the speed of the water flow flowing into the auxiliary rudder 15 is accelerated by the propeller 14, so that the rudder performance of the auxiliary rudder 15 is remarkably improved. In particular, the speed of the water flow that flows into the auxiliary rudder 15 is increased by, for example, nearly 1.2 times compared to the case where the auxiliary rudder 15 is not placed behind the propeller 14, and the fluid force generated by the auxiliary rudder 15 Therefore, a large force or moment can be obtained.

  Therefore, by improving the steering force for turning the ship 1, the maneuvering performance is improved, and the boat maneuvering with the small turning angle of the pod propulsors 10 and 10A can be realized. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the turning angle of the pod thrusters 10 and 10A when turning the ship 1 and 1A. As a result, the force, moment and resistance required for turning or swinging the pod thruster 10 itself due to the inclination of the pod thruster 10 or 10A with respect to the water flow can be reduced, so that the pod thruster 10 or 10A can be swung or swung. The driving force can be reduced, and the amount of decrease in ship speed when the ship 1 is turning can be reduced.

  Next, a third embodiment will be described. In the third embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the pod propulsors 10B and 10B ′ are configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment, but as shown in FIGS. Further, the entire auxiliary rudder 15B of the pod propeller 10B can be swung with respect to the pod propeller 10B, and can be swung around the rotation axis Ca-Ca as a rotation center. That is, the auxiliary rudder 15B is configured to take a rudder angle with respect to the pod propulsion device 10B. Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a flap 15Bf may be provided in a part of the auxiliary rudder 15B 'of the pod propulsion device 10B' so that the flap 15Bf can swing.

  Next, a fourth embodiment will be described. In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, the pod propulsion device 10C is configured in the same manner as in the second embodiment, but the entire auxiliary rudder 15C is connected to the pod propulsion device 10C. It is formed so that it can swing. Although not shown, a flap may be provided on a part of the auxiliary rudder 15C so that the flap can swing.

  According to the third and fourth embodiments, a configuration in which the entire auxiliary rudder 15B, 15C or a part 15Bf of the auxiliary rudder 15B ′ can be swung is required. In addition to the effects of the embodiment, the steering angles of the auxiliary rudders 15B and 15C in addition to the turning force generated by the turning angles of the pod propellers 10B, 10B 'and 10C when the pod propellers 10B, 10B' and 10C are turned. Alternatively, a relatively small turning force generated by the swing angle of the flap 15Bf of the auxiliary rudder 15B ′ can be used. Accordingly, the turning force can be finely adjusted, and finer turning control is possible.

Next, a fifth embodiment will be described. In the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the auxiliary rudder 15D of the pod propulsion unit 10D is supported by a suspension structure that is supported only by the upper support member 16D. Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment. Although the lower support member is not required, the lower column 13D has a rudder effect, so it remains when using this rudder effect, but the rudder effect of the auxiliary rudder 15D and the upper column 11D is sufficient. In such a case, it is not necessary to provide the lower support 13D.

  Thus, not only in the first embodiment, but also in other configurations such as the second to fourth embodiments, if the strength problem is solved, the auxiliary rudder 15B, 15B ′, 15C. The suspension structure may be configured to support only by the upper support member.

  The pod propulsors 10, 10A, 10B ', 10C, and 10D according to the above-described fifth to fifth embodiments are provided to constitute the ship 1, 1A, 1B, 1B', 1C, and 1D. According to the ship 1, 1A, 1B, 1B ', 1C, 1D having this configuration, the pod propulsion device 10, 10A, 10B', 10C, 10D with an auxiliary rudder is provided, so that the ship can be driven with a small turning driving force. Maneuvering performance can be improved while suppressing a decrease in speed.

  In the above description, the pusher type pod propeller with the propeller disposed on the rear side of the pod has been described. However, the tractor type pod propeller with the propeller mounted on the front side, etc. The invention can be applied. However, the pusher type propulsion device is more preferable because the propeller wake can be used more effectively by the auxiliary rudder.

  In the above description, the biaxial ship having a pair (two) of pod propulsors with an azimuth mechanism has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a single-shaft ship other than the biaxial ship or many It can also be applied to shaft ships. In addition, although the auxiliary rudder has been described as a single rudder, a plurality of rudder may be used. In addition, a configuration similar to a rudder with a hull arranged behind a normal propeller with a hull may be used. Any pod propulsion device and ship equipped with the pod propulsion device that satisfy the requirements of the claims will be included in the scope of the present invention.

It is a typical side view of the hull rear part which shows 1st Embodiment. It is XX sectional drawing of FIG. It is a typical side view of the hull rear part which shows 2nd Embodiment. It is a typical side view of the hull rear part which shows 3rd Embodiment. It is XX sectional drawing of FIG. It is a typical side view of the hull rear part which shows the case of a flap structure in 3rd Embodiment. It is XX sectional drawing of FIG. It is a typical side view of the hull rear part which shows 4th Embodiment. It is a typical side view of the hull rear part which shows 5th Embodiment. It is a typical side view of the pod propeller rear part which shows an example of the shape of an auxiliary rudder. It is a typical side view of the pod propeller rear part which shows the other example of the shape of an auxiliary rudder. It is a typical side view of the pod propeller rear part which shows the other example of the shape of an auxiliary rudder. It is a typical side view of the pod propeller rear part which shows the other example of the shape of an auxiliary rudder. It is a typical perspective view of the pod propulsor which shows the example which made the supporting member of the auxiliary rudder the wing shape.

Explanation of symbols

1, 1A, 1B, 1B ', 1C, 1D Vessel 1b Hull 1s Skeg 10, 10A, 10B, 10B', 10C, 10D Pod propellant 11, 11B, 11B ', 11C, 11D Upper column 12 Pod 13, 13B, 13B ', 13C, 13D Lower prop 14 Propeller 15, 15B, 15B', 15C, 15D Auxiliary rudder 16, 16B, 16B ', 16C, 16D Upper support member 17, 17B, 17B', 17C Lower support member
18 Wing-shaped support member

Claims (6)

  In a pod propulsion device provided so as to be capable of turning or swinging with respect to the hull of a ship, an auxiliary rudder that generates a force that contributes to the turning of the ship is disposed behind the pod of the pod propulsion device, and the propeller of the pod propulsion device. Pod propulsion device, which is arranged at the position where the rear stream hits.   The pod propulsion unit according to claim 1, wherein the pod propulsion unit is a pusher type pod propulsion unit in which a propeller is disposed on the rear side of the pod.   The pod propulsion device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the whole or part of the auxiliary rudder is provided so as to be swingable.   The supporting member of the auxiliary rudder is provided so as to be arranged so that a cross-sectional area perpendicular to a turning or swinging direction of the pod propulsion device is smaller than a cross-sectional area along the turning or swinging direction. Item 4. The pod propulsion device according to any one of items 1 to 3.   The support member of the auxiliary rudder is partly or entirely formed into a wing shape along a water flow, and a propulsive force is obtained by the wing-shaped portion. Pod propeller.   A ship comprising the pod propulsion device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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