JP2007224156A - Plasma discharge-treated liquid production apparatus and emulsion feedstock oil, and method for producing emulsion, and emulsion fuel/food/cosmetic - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an emulsion by thoroughly mixing oil and water together to effect emulsification. <P>SOLUTION: A plasma discharge-treated oil production apparatus is provided, comprising a liquid tank V reserved with an oil, a discharging anode P set up in the space above the oil surface of the liquid tank, a cathode M at least part of which is faced into the oil, and a high-voltage discharging unit E for making a high-voltage discharge between the anode P and the cathode M so as to generate plasma discharge between the anode P and the oil surface by excessively discharging electrons from the cathode M into the oil. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a plasma discharge treatment liquid generator, an emulsion raw material oil, an emulsion production method, and an emulsion fuel, food and cosmetics produced by the method.

  It has been conventionally known that an emulsion in which oil and water are emulsified and dispersed using a surfactant and sufficiently mixed is used in, for example, fuel, food, cosmetics and the like.

  For example, an emulsion fuel obtained by mixing fuel oil such as kerosene and waste oil and water is effective in reducing the NOx concentration in exhaust gas due to the latent heat of water vapor contained in the water. The water is affected by the high heat in the piston during high-speed operation of the engine, and the water itself starts to burn, causing a combustion reaction with unburned hydrocarbons and reducing particulate matter such as PM. It is valid.

  However, in the above-mentioned emulsion fuel, the surfactant used to emulsify and disperse the fuel oil and water may be converted into a carcinogenic harmful substance after combustion.

  In emulsion foods such as mayonnaise and dressing mixed with edible oil and water, surfactants used to emulsify and disperse edible oil and water enter the body and adhere to the skin, adversely affecting health. There is a risk of affecting.

  Similarly, in emulsion cosmetics such as cosmetic emulsions in which cosmetic oil and water are mixed, the surfactant used to emulsify and disperse cosmetic oil and water may adversely affect health by adhering to the skin. There is.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and has as its main object to obtain an emulsion in which oil and water are emulsified and dispersed without specially using a surfactant to obtain a sufficiently mixed emulsion.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention of claim 1 is a plasma discharge processing oil generating apparatus, comprising a liquid tank storing oil and a positive discharge electrode disposed in a space above the oil surface of the liquid tank. An electrode, a negative electrode that is at least partially exposed to the oil in the liquid tank, and excessive discharge of electrons into the oil from the negative electrode can cause plasma discharge between the positive electrode and the oil surface. Thus, at least high-voltage discharge means for performing high-voltage discharge between the positive electrode and the negative electrode is provided.

  Further, the invention of claim 2 is an emulsion raw material oil that is mixed and emulsified with water to form an emulsion, and is subjected to plasma discharge treatment by the plasma discharge treatment oil generating device according to claim 1. Features.

  The invention of claim 3 is an emulsion manufacturing method, wherein a liquid tank storing liquid, a discharge positive electrode disposed in a space above the liquid surface of the liquid tank, and the liquid in the liquid tank A negative electrode facing at least a portion of the positive electrode, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode so that a plasma discharge can be generated between the positive electrode and the liquid surface by excessively discharging electrons into the liquid from the negative electrode. A plasma discharge treatment liquid generator comprising at least a high voltage discharge means for performing a high voltage discharge between the oil and water separately, and then the plasma discharge treated oil And water are mixed to obtain an emulsion.

The invention of claim 4 is a method for producing an emulsion, characterized in that the emulsion raw material oil of claim 2 is mixed and emulsified with water whose oxidation-reduction potential is adjusted to 300 mV or less to obtain an emulsion. Further, the invention according to claim 5 is an emulsion fuel obtained by the emulsion production method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the fuel oil subjected to plasma discharge treatment is treated with water subjected to plasma discharge treatment, Alternatively, it is characterized by being mixed and emulsified with water whose oxidation-reduction potential is adjusted to 300 mV or less.

  Furthermore, the invention of claim 6 is an emulsion food obtained by the emulsion manufacturing method of claim 3 or 4, wherein the edible oil subjected to plasma discharge treatment is treated with water subjected to plasma discharge treatment or having a redox potential. It is characterized by being mixed and emulsified with water adjusted to 300 mV or less.

  Furthermore, the invention of claim 7 is an emulsion cosmetic obtained by the emulsion production method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the cosmetic oil subjected to plasma discharge treatment is treated with water subjected to plasma discharge treatment or a redox potential. Is mixed and emulsified with water adjusted to 300 mV or less.

  Furthermore, the invention of claim 8 is directed to a liquid tank storing liquid therein, a discharge positive electrode disposed in a space above the liquid level of the liquid tank, and at least a part of the liquid in the liquid tank. A high voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode so that a plasma discharge can be generated between the positive electrode and the liquid surface by excessively releasing electrons into the liquid from the negative electrode. A plasma discharge treatment liquid generating apparatus comprising at least a high voltage discharge means for performing discharge, wherein the liquid tank includes a weir that divides the interior into at least two chambers, and between the two chambers, A reflux means for forcibly refluxing the stored liquid from the first chamber toward the second chamber is provided, and the stored liquid returned to the second chamber passes over the upper end portion of the weir and the first chamber side. The upper end of the weir is in the containing liquid that is going to overflow there. The negative electrode as immersed is characterized in that it is disposed along the longitudinal direction of the upper end portion.

  In addition to the configuration of the plasma discharge treatment liquid generator according to claim 8, the negative electrode is formed so as to straddle the upper end of the weir with a wire mesh, and the positive electrode Is provided with a plurality of discharge needles made of a conductive material that are arranged in parallel with each other in the longitudinal direction of the upper end portion of the weir in the space above the negative electrode and each tip extends toward the negative electrode. It is characterized by that.

  In the present invention, “excessive emission of electrons into the liquid” means that the liquid in the liquid tank discharges a large number of electrons into the liquid exceeding the number of negative charges that can hold the electrons. This means that electrons are still emitted even when they become supersaturated. Due to the excessive emission of electrons, surplus electrons can be ejected from the liquid surface toward the discharge positive electrode in the air.

  As described above, according to the present invention, plasma discharge treatment oil having a good affinity with water can be obtained by plasma discharge treatment of the oil. Therefore, an emulsion in which this oil and water are mixed and emulsified is harmful. Can be obtained efficiently without using any special surfactant, and the versatility of the emulsion can be expanded.

  In particular, according to the invention of claim 3, since not only oil but also water is subjected to plasma discharge treatment, the affinity between oil and water is improved, and the high-quality emulsion in which the oil and water are uniformly dispersed. Can be easily and more efficiently obtained, and furthermore, the emulsion state can be maintained for a long time even after emulsification, so that it is excellent in storage stability and convenience.

  In particular, according to the invention of claim 4, since the oil subjected to plasma discharge treatment is mixed and emulsified with water whose oxidation-reduction potential is adjusted to 300 mV or less to form an emulsion, the affinity between oil and water is high. It becomes good and an emulsion is obtained efficiently.

  In particular, according to the invention of claim 5, an emulsion fuel is obtained by mixing and emulsifying plasma discharge-treated fuel oil with water subjected to plasma discharge treatment or water whose oxidation-reduction potential is adjusted to 300 mV or less. Therefore, it can be burned well even when mixed with water, and is effective in reducing the NOx concentration in the exhaust due to the water vapor latent heat of water contained in the emulsion during the combustion. When water itself starts to burn, it causes a combustion reaction with unburned hydrocarbons, which is also effective for reducing particulate matter such as PM. In addition, since no harmful surfactant is used for emulsification, there is no fear of generation of harmful substances due to combustion of the surfactant.

  In particular, in the invention of claim 6, an edible oil that is formed by mixing and emulsifying edible oil subjected to plasma discharge treatment with water subjected to plasma discharge treatment or water whose oxidation-reduction potential is adjusted to 300 mV or less is obtained. Therefore, it is possible to provide a safe emulsion food that does not use a harmful surfactant for emulsification.

  Further, in the invention of claim 7, there is provided an emulsion cosmetic constituted by mixing and emulsifying plasma discharge treated cosmetic oil with water subjected to plasma discharge treatment or water whose oxidation-reduction potential is adjusted to 300 mV or less. As a result, it is possible to provide a safe emulsion cosmetic that does not use a harmful surfactant for emulsification.

  In particular, according to the invention of claim 8, the plasma discharge treatment can be continuously and sufficiently performed on the stored liquid while circulating the stored liquid between the first chamber and the second chamber of the liquid tank. This is advantageous for mass production of plasma discharge treatment liquid and cost reduction.

  In particular, according to the ninth aspect of the invention, it is possible to generate a large number (and thus a wide range) of plasma discharge currents from a large number of discharge needles toward the liquid surface. Can be done well.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below based on the embodiments of the present invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

  In the accompanying drawings, FIGS. 1 to 6 show a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is an overall longitudinal sectional view showing a plasma discharge treatment liquid generating apparatus, and FIG. 2 is the plasma discharge treatment. FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of the portion indicated by arrow 3 in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is an experiment for explaining the principle of plasma discharge. Model diagram, FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram simply showing the generation state of plasma discharge current between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and FIG. 6 is an example of a stirrer for mixing and emulsifying oil and water after plasma discharge treatment. FIG. FIG. 7 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 showing a plasma discharge processing liquid generating apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a plasma discharge processing liquid generating apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1. 9 to 12 show a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 9 is an overall longitudinal sectional view showing a plasma discharge treatment liquid generating apparatus, and FIG. 10 is a plan view taken along arrow 10 in FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a main part of the plasma discharge treatment liquid generating apparatus (a perspective view seen from the direction of arrow 11 in FIG. 9), and FIG. 12 is a diagram showing generation of plasma discharge current between the positive electrode and the negative electrode It is explanatory drawing which shows a state simply (12-12 line expanded sectional view of FIG. 11).

  First, in the plasma discharge treatment liquid generating apparatus A according to the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, a liquid tank support 2 and a column 3 standing on one side are fixed on a fixed base 1. These fixed base 1, support base 2 and support column 3 are all made of an insulator. On the liquid tank support 2, a flat disk-shaped spiral coil 4 formed by winding copper wires in a spiral shape and in multiple layers is placed and fixed, and an insulator or a dielectric is formed on the upper surface of the spiral coil 4. A liquid tank V made of body (for example, glass, PET resin, etc.) is placed and fixed.

  A liquid W to be subjected to plasma discharge treatment is placed in the liquid tank V, and a charging member 5 that is immersed in the liquid and can charge a negative charge, that is, an electron, is placed on the bottom wall Va of the liquid tank V. Placed and fixed on. In the illustrated example, the charging member 5 is formed by molding activated carbon fibers into a predetermined flat plate shape, and can charge the holes (OH groups) of the activated carbon fibers with electrons. Thus, in this embodiment, the liquid tank bottom wall Va made of an insulator or a dielectric, the charging member 5 and the spiral coil 4 cooperate with each other to constitute the negative electrode M of the present invention.

  Further, a support arm 3a extending toward the upper space of the liquid tank V is connected to the upper portion of the support column 3, and the tip of the support arm 3a is disposed in the air above the liquid level Wf of the liquid tank V. The discharged positive electrode P is supported. Next, an example of the structure of the positive electrode P for discharge will be specifically described with reference to FIG.

  The positive electrodes P are arranged side by side in the air on the liquid level Wf of the liquid tank V at intervals, and a plurality of discharge needles 7 whose tips extend downward toward the liquid level in the liquid tank V. Each of the discharge needles 7 is interposed between the upper surface of the insulating substrate 8 and the enormous head of each discharge needle 7. A washer ring 9 that stably supports 7 on the insulating substrate 8, a flat conductive member 10 that is overlapped with the lower surface of the insulating substrate 8 and electrically connects the discharge needles 7 to each other, and an insulating substrate 8 includes a pair of upper and lower insulating covers 11 that are bonded or bonded to the upper and lower surfaces of 8 and cover the upper half of each discharge needle 7, the washer ring 9, and the conductive member 10. From the lower surface of the insulating cover 11, the sharp lower half 7 a of each discharge needle 7 protrudes and extends, and a part of the conductive member 10 is drawn to the outside from the side of the insulating cover 11. The lead-out portion is connected to an application-side external wiring La extending from an application-side terminal Ea of a high-frequency, high-voltage pulse discharge power source E described later.

  As a constituent material of the discharge needle 7, a metal having conductivity, desirably a metal having corrosion resistance (for example, stainless steel) is selected. As the constituent material of the insulating substrate 8, an insulating material such as a glass epoxy substrate, a polyamide substrate, a quartz glass substrate, or the like is selected. Further, as a constituent material of the washer ring 9, any material suitable for fixing and supporting the discharge needle 7 with respect to the head can be selected regardless of the presence or absence of conductivity. Further, the constituent material of the conductive member 10 may be any material that has conductivity and can be connected to and fixed to the discharge needle 7 and can be connected to and fixed to the external wiring La. A conductive metal, an activated carbon fiber molded body, a conductive metal plating material, and the like are selected. Further, as the insulating cover 11, a material that has an insulating property and can be bonded or bonded to the insulating substrate 8, for example, an epoxy resin or a polyamide resin is selected.

  On one side of the fixed base 1, a high-frequency high-voltage pulse discharge power source E as high-voltage discharge means is installed, and an application-side external wiring La connected to an application-side terminal Ea of the power source E is a conductive member. 10 is connected to the discharge needle 7 of the positive electrode P through 10. The ground-side external wiring Lb connected to the ground-side terminal Eb of the power source E is grounded G, and the spiral coil 4 is interposed in the middle of the external wiring Lb. That is, the ground side terminal Eb of the power source E is grounded G via the spiral coil 4.

  The high-frequency high-voltage pulse discharge power supply E is configured to discharge a high-frequency high-voltage pulse having a high frequency (for example, 10 KHz) and a high voltage (for example, 10 KV) for at least a predetermined time (for example, 10 minutes) in the illustrated example. The discharge output waveform is adjusted to a rectangular wave, and the electrode waveform is adjusted to a sine wave.

  Thus, when water is put into the liquid tank V, at least a part of the positive electrode P existing in the air above the liquid level Wf of the liquid tank V and the water of the liquid tank V (in the illustrated example, the bottom of the liquid tank). When a high frequency high voltage pulse is discharged by the high frequency high voltage pulse discharge power source E between the upper surface of the wall Va and the negative electrode M in which the charging member 5) is immersed, as will be described later, the positive electrode P and the liquid level Wf. Plasma discharge current X occurs between Then, by causing this plasma discharge current X to act on the liquid W in the liquid tank V, for example, water, the water has a higher ozone concentration and lower oxidation-reduction potential than the state before the plasma discharge, and the dissolved oxygen amount. The amount of plasma discharge treatment water is small.

  In addition, when a fuel oil such as kerosene is put in the liquid tank V, a high frequency high voltage pulse is discharged between the positive electrode P and the negative electrode M by the high frequency high voltage pulse discharge power source E. Thus, a plasma discharge current X is generated between the positive electrode P and the liquid level Wf. Then, by causing this plasma discharge current X to act on kerosene in the liquid tank V, ozone is dragged into kerosene, causing the oil to dissolve at the molecular level, and the oil is dispersed and emulsified in water. A plasma discharge kerosene that can be emulsified.

  Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described.

  First, the principle of the plasma discharge will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the experimental model shown in FIG. 4, the structure of the negative electrode M in the above-described embodiment (that is, the sandwich structure between the spiral coil 4, the liquid tank bottom wall Va, and the power storage member 5) is simulated. A body-made flat plate 20 (a glass plate in the illustrated example) and a sandwich structure between the electricity storage members 5 are placed and fixed on the upper surface of the support base 21, and the spiral coil 4 and the battery 22 (for example, 8 volts) are opened and closed. A switch 23 is connected in series with a closed circuit 24.

  In this model, when the open / close switch 23 is manually opened and closed in small increments (several times per second), the electron emission state is confirmed by the electron measuring device 25 disposed in the space above the negative electrode M. The numerical value of m was measured. From this, the following events are estimated to occur. That is, the strength of the magnetic field generated in the space above the spiral coil 4 as the switch 23 is opened and closed causes a capacitor action across the glass plate 20, and a positive charge is applied to the lower surface (coil contact surface) of the glass plate 20. However, negative charges, that is, electrons gather on the upper surface of the glass plate 20, and the electrons collected on the upper surface of the glass plate 20 are positive holes (OH groups) of the power storage member 5 on the glass plate 20, that is, activated carbon fibers. Therefore, when the switch 23 is repeatedly opened and closed, it is considered that the stored electrons are supersaturated in the activated carbon fiber and discharged from the holes to the outside (upper space).

  Thus, in the plasma discharge treatment liquid generator A of the present embodiment, when high frequency high voltage pulse discharge is performed by the high frequency high voltage pulse discharge power source E, the spiral connected to the ground side terminal Eb of the power source E A high-frequency negative pulse is applied to the coil 4, that is, a negative DC voltage is intermittently applied to the spiral coil 4. As a result, the open / close switch 23 is intermittently opened and closed in the experimental model. The number of times of opening and closing is as high as 10 KHz.

  Therefore, when water as the liquid W is stored in the liquid tank V, the holes of the activated carbon fibers constituting the power storage member 5 in the negative electrode M are not exposed for a short time due to the high frequency high voltage pulse discharge. In this case, a very large number of electrons are emitted into the water in the liquid tank V. However, when the emitted electrons exceed the number of negative charges that can be retained by water (that is, the electrons are excessively emitted into the water, When the electrons in the water are supersaturated), the emitted electrons jump out into the air toward the discharge needle 7 of the positive electrode P above the water surface Wf. The large number of electrons that have collided collide with oxygen molecules in the air to generate, for example, oxygen radicals having a negative charge and superoxide groups having a positive charge, and a large number of them simultaneously coexist in the same space. As a result, a plasma discharge current X in a light emission state as schematically shown in FIG. 5 is generated between each discharge needle 7 and the water surface Wf immediately below it. At this time, a mortar-shaped recess s corresponding to each plasma discharge current X is formed on the water surface Wf, and the energy of the plasma discharge current X is also transferred from the discharge needle 7 to the water surface Wf due to the presence of the recess s. It is easy to see how it goes to the side and enters under the surface of the water.

  Nitrogen molecules, which are the main components of air, are more stable than oxygen molecules, and do not generate radical molecules with the electron collision energy under these conditions. Even if the plasma discharge current X is generated, harmful components such as NOx are also generated. It was confirmed that it would not occur.

  Thus, the plasma discharge current X generates ozone by entraining oxygen molecules in the surrounding space and the superoxide group on the way from the discharge needle 7 toward the water surface Wf, and also strongly The ozone dissolves into the water at the molecular level. At the same time, some oxygen molecules originally dissolved in water are released into the air.

  Thus, if the plasma discharge treatment is performed for a predetermined time (for example, 10 minutes) on the water in the liquid tank V, the water becomes the plasma discharge treatment water of the present invention, which is shown in Table 1 below. Thus, the ozone concentration is higher than the state before plasma discharge, the oxidation-reduction potential is lower, and the amount of dissolved oxygen is smaller.

  Moreover, it has been confirmed that the plasma discharge treated water can dissolve ozone in water at a high concentration for a relatively long period (about 1 month or more) after generation. This is presumably because ozone can be strongly rubbed into the water by the plasma discharge current X as described above to promote the dissolution of ozone in the water at the molecular level. Accordingly, the plasma discharge treated water becomes ozone water suitable for long-term storage, and since this ozone water does not need to be used immediately after generation, the plasma discharge treatment liquid generator A is used. It is not necessary to install near the site where ozone water is used, and it is excellent in convenience and mass productivity.

  On the other hand, when kerosene as fuel oil is put in the liquid tank V of the plasma processing liquid generating apparatus A having the same structure as the plasma processing liquid generating apparatus A that generates the plasma processing water, and plasma processing similar to the above is performed In the same manner as in the case of water, a plasma discharge current X in a light emission state is generated between each discharge needle 7 and the oil surface Wf immediately below it. At this time, the plasma discharge current X generates ozone by entraining oxygen molecules in the surrounding space and the superoxide group on the way from the discharge needle 7 toward the oil surface Wf, and the ozone in the liquid tank V. It is strongly rubbed into kerosene, causing ozone to dissolve in water at the molecular level, and at the same time, some oxygen molecules originally dissolved in the fuel oil are released into the air.

In this case, it is speculated that superoxide (ozone, etc.) dissolved in kerosene oxidizes kerosene (C ₁₂ H ₂₆ ), and only a small part of kerosene has an ionic structure of C ₁₁ H ₂₃ COO ^−. The Such an ionic structure is equivalent to the ionic structure in water of lauric acid (C ₁₁ H ₂₃ COOH) (classified as soap) which is a carboxylate salt in a surfactant that is conventionally used. is there.

  Therefore, when the plasma discharge treated kerosene in such a state is mixed and agitated with water, particularly the plasma discharge treated water {only a part is separated into water as OH · (hydroxyl radical) H · (hydrogen radical)}, Kerosene and water, which should not be originally mixed, become an emulsion (a state in which water and kerosene are finely mixed and diffused and emulsified) without specially using a surfactant.

  Thus, if the above-described plasma discharge treatment is performed for a predetermined time (for example, 10 minutes) on kerosene as the fuel oil in the liquid tank V, the kerosene becomes the plasma discharge treatment oil of the present invention, and water, particularly the above-mentioned It becomes emulsion fuel by mixing and emulsifying with plasma discharge treated water.

  FIG. 6 shows an example of an agitator MI for agitating and mixing the plasma discharge treatment oil and the plasma discharge treatment water. This stirrer MI has a machine frame 30 that supports a motor 38 at its upper end, a rotary shaft 31 that is rotatably supported by the machine frame 30 and is vertically driven through the machine frame 30 and rotated by the motor 38, A stirring blade 32 fixed to the lower end of the rotating shaft 31 and a stirring housing 33 connected to the lower portion of the machine frame 30 so as to cover the stirring blade 32 are provided. The open lower surface of the stirring housing 33 is covered with a fine net 34, and a plurality of communication holes 33a are formed in the upper portion of the stirring housing 33 to communicate the inside and the outside. An intermediate portion of the rotating shaft 31 is formed in a hollow shape, and functions as a communication path that allows the supply chamber 35 formed in the upper portion of the machine frame 30 to communicate with the inside of the stirring housing 33. The supply chamber 35 is connected in parallel with supply sources 36 and 37 of kerosene and water that have been separately subjected to plasma discharge treatment in advance by the plasma discharge treatment liquid generator A according to the present invention.

  Accordingly, the kerosene supply source 36 and the supply chamber 35 in the machine frame 30 are rotated while the motor 38 is operated and the stirring blade 32 is rotated while the stirring housing 33 of the stirrer MI faces the stirring processing container 39. If kerosene and water that have been subjected to plasma discharge treatment are respectively supplied from the water supply source 37 at a predetermined flow rate, the kerosene and water are agitated by the agitating blades 32 in the agitating housing 33, and the agitating treatment container 39 has a prescribed amount. Accumulate at mixing ratio. Then, if the agitation housing 33 is immersed in the agitation processing container 39 below the surface of the stored liquid, kerosene and water below the surface of the stored liquid are further sufficiently agitated and mixed to become an emulsion state.

  In addition, the kerosene and water which were separately plasma-discharged beforehand by the plasma-discharge-treatment-liquid generator A according to the present invention without connecting the kerosene supply source 36 and the water supply source 37 to the supply chamber 35 in the machine frame 30 are used. The mixture is placed in a stirring treatment container 39 at a predetermined mixing ratio, and kerosene and water stored in two layers in the container 39 are stirred by the stirring blade 32 of the stirrer MI to obtain an emulsion. May be. As for the mixing ratio, for example, the ratio of water / kerosene is appropriately set (about 3 at the maximum), and if the ratio of water is reduced, the flash point of the emulsion fuel can be lowered accordingly.

Thus, kerosene and water that were each plasma-discharge treated were agitated, mixed, and emulsified to form an emulsion. Therefore, an emulsion fuel composed of such kerosene and water was specially used as a harmful surfactant. And can be obtained efficiently. In this case, it is estimated that a part of the plasma-discharged kerosene has an ionic structure similar to that of lauric acid (C ₁₁ H ₂₃ COO ⁻ ) which is a carboxylate in the surfactant as described above. Therefore, if the kerosene is mixed with water that has also been subjected to plasma discharge treatment, the affinity between the oil and water will be improved, and the oil and water will be evenly dispersed. Emulsions can be easily and efficiently obtained, and furthermore, the emulsion state can be maintained for a long time even after emulsification, so that it is excellent in storage stability and convenience. The emulsion fuel obtained as described above gradually separates oil and water over time, but if they are stirred and mixed again, the emulsion fuel can be easily obtained again. .

  By the way, even if it is normal water which is not plasma discharge treated, if its redox potential is adjusted to 300 mV or less, it can be sufficiently mixed, emulsified and emulsified with the plasma discharge treated oil. Was confirmed by experiments. In this case, as a method of adjusting the oxidation-reduction potential of water to 300 mV or less, for example, ultraviolet rays are irradiated on water, ultrasonic waves are applied to water, ozone gas is blown into water, or microscopic air is introduced into water. Mixing bubbles or nanobubbles, dropping water from a high place, discharging using water with different ionization tendency in water, or flowing water in a magnetic field generated by a magnet with a predetermined magnetic pole arrangement Or irradiating far-infrared rays on water. It should be noted that, regardless of which method of water was used, the time during which the emulsion state was maintained was shorter than that of emulsification using water subjected to plasma discharge treatment.

  Thus, if kerosene that has been subjected to plasma discharge treatment as in the present embodiment is mixed and emulsified with water that has also been subjected to plasma discharge treatment, or water whose oxidation-reduction potential is adjusted to 300 mV or less, Kerosene can be burned well by mixing water, and is effective in reducing NOx concentration in exhaust gas due to the latent heat of water vapor contained in the emulsion during the combustion. By starting combustion itself, it causes a combustion reaction with unburned hydrocarbons, which is also effective in reducing particulate matter such as PM. In addition, since no harmful surfactant is used for emulsification, there is no fear of generation of harmful substances due to combustion of the surfactant.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the power storage member 5 made of activated carbon fiber in the previous embodiment is omitted, and the other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, each component member includes the first embodiment. The same reference numerals are assigned.

  Thus, in the first embodiment, in order to enhance the condenser-like action of the liquid tank bottom wall Va and efficiently discharge electrons from the negative electrode M into the liquid in the liquid tank V, the activated carbon fiber is used. The power storage member 5 is disposed in proximity to the spiral coil 4 with the liquid tank bottom wall Va interposed therebetween. However, even if the power storage member 5 is omitted as in the second embodiment, the capacitor of the liquid tank bottom wall Va itself is provided. Thus, the plasma discharge current X itself can be generated because the electron emission efficiency is only slightly reduced. In the second embodiment, the structure is simplified by omitting the power storage member 5.

  Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, the ground-side external wiring Lb connected to the ground-side terminal Eb of the high-frequency high-voltage pulse discharge power source E as the high-voltage discharge means is wired so as to be directly drawn into the liquid tank V, and its terminal portion Is connected to the negative electrode M made of a conductive material installed at the bottom of the liquid tank V, and the spiral coil 4 and the power storage member 5 in the negative electrode M of the previous embodiment are omitted. Since other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the first embodiment are assigned to the respective constituent members.

  Thus, in the negative electrode M structure of the first and second embodiments, there is an effect that the risk of electric shock can be reduced by eliminating the wiring portion drawn into the liquid in the liquid tank V. If this is taken, the negative electrode structure as in the third embodiment can generate the plasma discharge current X itself, and there is no practical problem. In the third embodiment, the negative electrode structure is simplified and the cost is reduced.

  Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In this embodiment, plasma discharge treatment can be performed continuously and efficiently in order to increase mass productivity. In the plasma discharge treatment liquid generator A, a vertical flat plate-like weir plate 40 as a weir is integrally provided in a liquid tank V for storing a liquid, and at least two chambers (see FIG. In the example shown, the first chamber C1 and the second chamber C2) are defined. Between the first and second chambers C1 and C2, a communication passage 42 having both ends opened is connected to each bottom portion, and the communication passage 42 accommodates the first chamber C1 toward the second chamber C2. A pump 41 is provided as a reflux means for forcibly refluxing the liquid, and the stored liquid returned to the second chamber C2 by the operation of the pump 41 exceeds the upper end of the barrier plate 40 and is in the first chamber C1. Overflow is possible. A negative electrode M is disposed at the upper end portion of the dam plate 40 along the longitudinal direction of the upper end portion so as to be immersed in the liquid to be overflowed.

  In the illustrated example, the negative electrode M is formed in a reverse U shape so as to straddle the upper end portion of the barrier plate 40 with a conductive wire net, while the positive electrode P is a barrier in the obliquely upper space of the negative electrode M. A plurality of discharge needles 7 made of a conductive material are provided which are arranged in parallel with each other along the longitudinal direction of the upper end portion of the plate 40 and each tip extends toward the negative electrode M. Note that the mounting structure of the discharge needles 7 is basically the same as that of the previous embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted.

  Outside the liquid tank V, as in the previous embodiment, a high frequency high voltage pulse discharge power source E is installed as a high voltage discharge means, and the external side of the application side connected to the application side terminal Ea of the power source E The wiring La is connected to the discharge needle 7 of the positive electrode P. The ground-side external wiring Lb connected to the ground-side terminal Eb of the power source E is grounded G, and the negative electrode M is interposed in the middle of the external wiring Lb. As indicated by a chain line in FIG. 9, voltage adjustment is performed as needed in the middle of the external wirings La and Lb (particularly between the high-frequency and high-voltage pulse discharge power source E and the positive electrode P and the negative electrode M). The transformer T can be installed.

  Thus, in this fourth embodiment, when the liquid W (that is, either oil or water) to be subjected to plasma discharge treatment is placed in the liquid tank V in advance, and the pump 41 as the reflux means is continuously operated. When the liquid W in the first chamber C1 is forcibly pumped into the second chamber C2 by the pump 41, and the liquid level in the second chamber C2 rises and exceeds the weir plate 40, The liquid W overflows from the upper part of the dam plate 40 and flows down to the first chamber C1, and thus the liquid V in the liquid tank V is forcibly circulated between the first chamber C1 and the second chamber C2. In this liquid circulation state, the positive electrode P existing in the upper space in the liquid tank V obliquely above the barrier plate 40 and the liquid in the liquid tank V (near the upper end of the barrier plate 40 in the illustrated example) were immersed. When a high frequency high voltage pulse is discharged between the negative electrode M by the high frequency high voltage pulse discharge power source E, the positive electrode P (discharge needle 7) and the weir plate 40 are connected in the same manner as in the previous embodiment. A plasma discharge current X is generated between the liquid W and the liquid surface to be overflowed. The plasma discharge current X is directly applied to the liquid W that is about to overflow the weir plate 40, so that the liquid W is the same as the plasma discharge treatment liquid obtained in the previous embodiment. It becomes.

  According to the fourth embodiment, plasma discharge treatment is continuously and sufficiently performed on the contained liquid while circulating oil or water as the contained liquid between the first chamber C1 and the second chamber C2 of the liquid tank V. Therefore, it is advantageous for mass production of plasma discharge treatment liquid and cost reduction. In addition, in the illustrated example, a large number (and thus a wide range) of plasma discharge currents X are generated from a large number of discharge needles 7 arranged along the longitudinal direction of the upper end of the weir 40 toward the overflow flow of the weir 40. Therefore, plasma discharge treatment can be performed continuously and efficiently.

  By the way, in each said Example, the kerosene as a fuel oil plasma-discharge-processed by the plasma-discharge-treatment liquid production | generation apparatus A which concerns on this invention, the water plasma-processed by the plasma-discharge-treatment-liquid production apparatus A, or oxidation reduction Emulsion fuel can be obtained by mixing and emulsifying with water whose potential is adjusted to 300 mV or less. However, in the present invention, various fuel oils other than kerosene such as light oil and Even if heavy oil, waste cooking oil, or the like is used, the same effect can be expected.

  Moreover, the edible oil (for example, salad oil) plasma-discharge-processed by the plasma-discharge-treatment-liquid production | generation apparatus A which concerns on this invention, the water plasma-processed similarly by the plasma-discharge-treatment-liquid production | generation apparatus A, or oxidation-reduction potential shall be 300 mV or less. By mixing and emulsifying with adjusted water, emulsion foods such as mayonnaise and salad dressing can be easily and efficiently produced. In addition, since this emulsion food does not use a harmful surfactant for emulsification, it is of high quality with high safety.

  Further, cosmetic oil plasma-treated by the plasma discharge treatment liquid generator A according to the present invention was adjusted to water or redox potential of 300 mV or less, which was also plasma discharge treated by the plasma discharge treatment liquid generator A. By mixing and emulsifying with water, emulsion cosmetics such as cosmetic milk can be easily and efficiently produced. In addition, since this emulsion cosmetic does not use a harmful surfactant for emulsification, it is of high quality with high safety.

  As mentioned above, although the Example of this invention was explained in full detail, this invention can perform a various design change in the range which does not deviate from the summary. For example, in the first embodiment, a fiber molded body made of activated carbon fibers is used as the electricity storage member 5, but negative charges (electrons) collected on the upper surface side of the liquid tank bottom wall Va can be stored instead of the activated carbon fibers. Various materials that can be released into water can be used.

1 is an overall longitudinal sectional view showing a plasma discharge processing liquid generating apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Plan sectional view of the plasma discharge treatment liquid generating apparatus (sectional view taken along line 2-2 in FIG. 1) 1 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of the portion indicated by the arrow 3 in FIG. Experimental model for explaining the principle of plasma discharge Explanatory drawing which shows simply the generation state of plasma discharge current between the positive electrode and the negative electrode Longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a stirrer that mixes and emulsifies plasma-discharge treated oil and water FIG. 1 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, showing a plasma discharge processing liquid generating apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1, showing a plasma discharge processing liquid generating apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Whole longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the plasma discharge processing liquid production | generation apparatus which concerns on 4th Example of this invention. FIG. 9 plan view in the direction of arrow 10 The perspective view which shows the principal part of the plasma discharge processing liquid production | generation apparatus which concerns on 4th Example (The perspective view seen from the 11 arrow of FIG. 9) Explanatory drawing which shows simply the generation | occurrence | production state of the plasma discharge current between a positive electrode and a negative electrode (12-12 line expanded sectional view of FIG. 11)

Explanation of symbols

A ... Plasma discharge treatment oil generator C1..First chamber C2..Second chamber E ... Power source for high frequency high voltage pulse discharge (high voltage discharge means)
Ea ... Application side terminal Eb ... Ground side terminal G ... Ground M ... Negative electrode P ... Positive electrode V ... Liquid tank W ... Liquid (oil or water)
Wf ... Liquid level X ... Plasma discharge current 7 ... Discharge needle 40 ... Dam plate (weir)
41 .. Pump (refluxing means)

Claims (9)

  A liquid tank (V) storing oil (W), a discharge positive electrode (P) disposed in a space above the oil level (Wf) of the liquid tank (V), and the liquid tank (V) Between the positive electrode (P) and the oil surface (Wf) by excessively discharging electrons into the oil from the negative electrode (M) having at least a portion thereof exposed to the oil. A plasma comprising at least high-voltage discharge means (E) for performing high-voltage discharge between the positive electrode (P) and the negative electrode (M) so as to cause plasma discharge. Discharge treatment oil generator.   An emulsion raw material oil for mixing and emulsifying with water to form an emulsion, wherein the plasma discharge treatment is performed by the plasma discharge treatment oil generation device (A) according to claim 1, Emulsion raw material oil. A liquid tank (V) storing liquid, a positive electrode (P) for discharge disposed in a space above the liquid level (Wf) of the liquid tank (V), and a liquid in the liquid tank (V) A negative electrode (M) having at least a portion thereof exposed to the surface, and excessive discharge of electrons into the liquid from the negative electrode (M) to cause plasma discharge between the positive electrode (P) and the liquid surface (Wf). A plasma discharge treatment liquid generator (A) comprising at least high voltage discharge means (E) for performing high voltage discharge between the positive electrode (P) and the negative electrode (M) so as to be generated. , And plasma discharge treatment of oil and water separately,
Then, the plasma discharge-treated oil and water are mixed and emulsified to obtain an emulsion.   A method for producing an emulsion, wherein the emulsion raw material oil according to claim 2 is mixed and emulsified with water whose oxidation-reduction potential is adjusted to 300 mV or less to obtain an emulsion. An emulsion fuel obtained by the emulsion production method according to claim 3 or 4,
An emulsion fuel characterized in that it is constituted by mixing and emulsifying plasma discharge-treated fuel oil with water subjected to plasma discharge treatment or water whose oxidation-reduction potential is adjusted to 300 mV or less. An emulsion food product obtained by the emulsion production method according to claim 3 or 4,
An emulsion food characterized by mixing and emulsifying plasma discharge-treated edible oil with water subjected to plasma discharge or water whose oxidation-reduction potential is adjusted to 300 mV or less. An emulsion cosmetic obtained by the emulsion production method according to claim 3 or 4,
An emulsion cosmetic comprising a cosmetic oil subjected to plasma discharge treatment and mixed and emulsified with water subjected to plasma discharge treatment or water whose oxidation-reduction potential is adjusted to 300 mV or less. A liquid tank (V) storing liquid (W) therein, a discharge positive electrode (P) disposed in a space above the liquid level (Wf) of the liquid tank (V), and the liquid tank ( The negative electrode (M) having at least a part thereof in the liquid V), and the negative electrode (M) excessively emits electrons into the liquid to cause the positive electrode (P) and the liquid surface (Wf) to Plasma discharge treatment liquid comprising at least high voltage discharge means (E) for performing high voltage discharge between the positive electrode (P) and the negative electrode (M) so that plasma discharge can be generated between the positive electrode and the negative electrode (M) A generating device,
The liquid tank (V) includes a weir (40) that divides the interior thereof into at least two chambers (C1, C2), and the first chamber (C1) to the second chamber (C1, C2) are provided between the two chambers (C1, C2). A reflux means (41) for forcibly refluxing the stored liquid toward the second chamber (C2) is provided, and the stored liquid refluxed to the second chamber (C2) passes the upper end of the weir (40). Overflow to the first chamber (C1) side is possible,
The negative electrode (M) is arranged at the upper end of the weir (40) along the longitudinal direction of the upper end so as to be immersed in a liquid to overflow thereover. A plasma discharge treatment liquid generator. The negative electrode (M) is formed with a wire mesh so as to straddle the upper end of the weir (40), and the positive electrode (P) is disposed above the negative electrode (M) in the space above the weir (40). A plurality of discharge needles (7) made of a conductive material that are arranged in parallel with each other in the longitudinal direction of the upper end of each of the electrodes and each tip extends toward the negative electrode (M). The plasma discharge treatment liquid generator according to claim 8.

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