JP2007217943A - Method of placing tunnel lining concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To overcome the difficulty of accuracy improvement during spraying of concrete according to a conventional concrete spraying method which is carried out depending only on laser, and to provide a new method of placing tunnel lining concrete, which is implemented by a facility that can be taken in a working face when the concrete is sprayed and taken out after completion of the spraying, repeatedly usable, simple in structure, and easy to set. <P>SOLUTION: When a concrete layer as primary lining is sprayed to a tunnel inner wall by a spraying machine 7 with an erector 8, an arched gauge 10 is built up by the erector 8, and the concrete is sprayed by using the arched gauge 10 as a guide. The arched gauge 10 is formed of steel pipes. To build up the arched gauge 10, firstly a building location is marked by laser irradiation, and then the arched gauge 10 is built up by following the marking. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for constructing concrete for tunnel lining aiming at improving accuracy of a shotcrete finishing line at a mountain tunnel face and ensuring safety at the face.

  As one of the mountain tunnel construction methods, there is a construction method generally called NATUM (NATM). This method is a method of supporting rock bolts, sprayed concrete, steel arch support works, etc. alone or in combination depending on the condition of the natural ground.

  FIG. 13 shows the outline of the blasting, excavation and slipping (a), placing the primary lining and shotcrete 1 (b), placing the lock bolt 2 (c), and secondary Placing the lining / spreading concrete 3 (d).

  Compared to conventional steel arch support and sheet pile support, for example, this NATM method can handle a wide range of soils from earth and sand to hard rocks, is easy to take waterproof measures, and is advantageous for maintenance management It has advantages such as being.

  In the (NATM) method, sprayed concrete is directly applied to the excavated natural ground surface and used as the primary lining of the tunnel. For this reason, the quality of the primary lining can affect the construction of the secondary lining. If the excavation cross section is larger than the design (excessive excavation), the secondary lining concrete is difficult to obtain in large quantities. If the excavation cross section is small (atari), the winding thickness cannot be ensured and the excavation is reworked.

  For cross-sectional surveying during tunnel excavation and spraying, as shown in FIG. 14, the laser 4 is continuously irradiated from the equipment installed about 100 m behind the face toward the face, and a cross section of the tunnel is drawn on the face. The system is a laser marking system.

  In this laser marking system, the laser is used by (1) drilling and blasting along the cross section drawn on the face by the marking system. (2) Attach the laser beam where the laser irradiation hits the excavation surface. (3) Spray concrete in time with the laser.

  However, in this laser marking system, as shown in FIG. 15A, if the mirror surfaces of the face 5 are not aligned at right angles to the tunnel traveling direction, the accuracy of the marking laser is deteriorated. In the figure, 6 is a laser transmitter.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 15B, the laser is obliquely irradiated from the installation location of the marking laser, so that the excavation surface before and behind the laser does not match the design surface. If the laser is sprayed with the laser in front of the excavation surface as in A, the face will be excessive. As shown in B, when the laser is sprayed on the face, the foreground is at the front.

  During spraying, the laser is difficult to see due to dust, and it is difficult to spray along with the laser. Due to the above-mentioned problems, shotcrete was not smoothly finished as designed.

In addition, the thing of the following patent document is proposed as a concrete spraying method and concrete spraying apparatus to a tunnel inner wall which concretely and concretely cover concrete with the set width and thickness on the tunnel inner wall.
JP-A-6-81595 (Concrete spraying method and spraying device on tunnel inner wall)

  In this patent document 1, a spray nozzle device having a spray nozzle and a compaction device is rotated along a guide frame member parallel to the circumferential direction of the tunnel inner wall, and along a guide rail installed in the tunnel length direction. The concrete is sprayed on the inner wall of the tunnel while moving forward.

  In the concrete spraying method and spraying apparatus on the tunnel inner wall of Patent Document 1, the guide rail is arranged in the tunnel length direction, and the girder is arranged in the tunnel length direction in order to arrange the guide rail. The equipment itself is large, and the equipment costs are high, and it is not easy to move to the face when spraying or to remove it after spraying.

  The object of the present invention is to eliminate the inconvenience of the conventional example, and it is difficult to improve accuracy by relying only on laser for the construction of shotcrete as it is at present. It is intended to provide a method for constructing concrete for tunnel lining that can be removed after installation, can be used repeatedly, and can be easily set with simple equipment.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention according to claim 1, when spraying a concrete layer as a primary lining to the tunnel inner wall with an erector sprayer, an arc gauge is built with an erector, and this gauge is The gist is to perform sprayed concrete as a guide.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to easily and quickly build an arc-shaped gauge by using the steel support construction erector attached to the spraying robot, and using this gauge as a guide, shotcrete By doing this, the finish of shotcrete can be made much smoother and cleaner than when it is finished only with a laser. In addition, compared to the case of laser alone, the amount of biting due to secondary excavation of the secondary lining concrete is reduced by 25%, and there is almost no attrition such as insufficient winding thickness.

  The gist of the present invention described in claim 2 is that the arc-shaped gauge is a steel pipe.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the arc-shaped gauge is made of a steel pipe, it is less likely to be attached to concrete and easy to remove, and is suitable for being removed and reused every time.

  The gist of the present invention described in claim 3 is that the arcuate gauge is marked according to the marking by marking the longitudinal insertion position by laser irradiation.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to accurately set the arc-shaped gauge on the excavation surface in accordance with the laser irradiation by the erector.

  As described above, the tunnel lining concrete construction method of the present invention can achieve a remarkably smooth and clean finish as compared with the case of finishing with a laser alone. In addition, compared to the case of laser alone, the amount of biting by secondary excavation of the secondary lining concrete is reduced by 25%, and there is almost no clamming such as insufficient winding thickness, and the equipment to be used can be brought into the working face when blowing, It can be removed after spraying, can be used repeatedly, and can be easily set with simple equipment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a concrete lining method for tunnel lining according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view showing an example of a gauge used in the present invention, and 7 is a spraying robot as a spraying robot. Machine.

  The spraying machine 7 is a vehicle-type concrete spraying robot, and includes an undulating and telescopic arm that supports a spraying nozzle 13 that sprays concrete, and an erector 8 for building a support work. A grip portion 9 for catching the support work is provided at the tip of the erector 8. In the figure, 14 is a man gauge. In the example of FIG. 1, only one erector 8 is shown, but actually, a sprayer 7 including two erectors 8 can be used as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11.

  FIG. 2 shows an arc-shaped gauge 10 to be built by the spraying machine 7. As an example, the gauge 10 is a steel pipe for a gas pipe having a diameter of 76 mm, and is a hanger type in which a grip part 12 is provided on a beam part 11 made of H-shaped steel. The beam portion 11 becomes a chord material.

  FIG. 3 shows the construction flow, and FIGS. 4 to 9 show the respective steps. First, the sprayer 7 is moved as shown in FIG. 4 [step (A) in FIG. 3]. The arc-shaped gauge 10 advances to the face while being caught by the grip 9 of the erector 8. The catch is performed with the gripped portion 12.

  It moves to a position where the lower half can be sprayed, and the erector 8 is moved upward so that the lower half can be sprayed.

  Next, shotcrete in the lower half is performed [step (b) in FIG. 3]. Change the angle of the arc-shaped gauge 10 (change from tunnel axis direction to cross-sectional direction). After changing the arc-shaped gauge 10 in the cross-sectional direction, the sprayer moves in the face direction so that the arc-shaped gauge 10 can be built on the face.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the arc-shaped gauge 10 (spraying gauge) is set [step (c) in FIG. 3]. The mounting position of the arc-shaped gauge 10 is marked by laser irradiation, and the arc-shaped gauge 10 is mounted according to this marking.

  The arc-shaped gauge 10 (spraying gauge) is fixed [step (d) of FIG. 3]. As shown in FIG. 6, the arc-shaped gauge 10 is maintained, and the top end α and the lower end β of the arc-shaped gauge 10 are sprayed, and the arc-shaped gauge 10 is fixed to the face by spraying.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the holding part 9 of the erector 8 is removed from the arc-shaped gauge 10, the erector 8 is lowered as shown in FIG. 8, and the shotcrete is constructed using the arc-shaped gauge 10 as a guide. [Step (e) in FIG. 3]. By doing in this way, the primary lining and sprayed concrete 1 of the smooth and beautiful finish as shown in FIG. 4 are obtained.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the arc-shaped gauge 10 (spray gauge) is removed [step (f)]. First, after the spraying is completed, the arc-shaped gauge 10 is caught by the grip portion 9 of the erector 8, and the catch lever is brought into a hold state.

  The arc-shaped gauge 10 is removed from the spraying surface, and after removal, the spraying machine 7 is moved back about 4 m from the face to store the arc-shaped gauge 10.

  After the storage is completed, the sprayer 7 with the erector 8 is moved to a fixed position [step (g)].

  Lower the erector 8 so that keren can be made. The concrete adhering to the arc-shaped gauge 10 is cleansed using a keren rod. After the end of the keren, apply the release agent.

It is a perspective view which shows one Embodiment of the construction method of the concrete for tunnel lining of this invention. It is a front view which shows an example of the gauge used by this invention. It is a construction flow figure of the construction method of concrete for tunnel lining of the present invention. It is a front view which shows the 1st process of the construction method of the concrete for tunnel lining of this invention. It is a front view which shows the 2nd process of the construction method of the concrete for tunnel lining of this invention. It is a front view which shows the 3rd process of the construction method of the concrete for tunnel lining of this invention. It is a front view which shows the 4th process of the construction method of the concrete for tunnel lining of this invention. It is a front view which shows the 5th process of the construction method of the concrete for tunnel lining of this invention. It is a front view which shows the 6th process of the construction method of the concrete for tunnel lining of this invention. It is a side view which shows an example of a spraying machine. It is a top view which shows an example of a spraying machine. It is a front view which shows the finishing state in the construction method of the concrete for tunnel lining of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the outline | summary of a Natom (NATM) construction method. It is a front view which shows the laser marking system which is a prior art example. It is explanatory drawing which shows the malfunction of the laser marking system which is a prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Primary lining and sprayed concrete 2 Rock bolt 3 Secondary lining and sprayed concrete 4 Laser 5 Face 6 Laser transmitter 7 Spraying machine 8 Elector 9 Gripping part 10 Arc-shaped gauge 11 Beam part 12 Grasping part 13 Spraying Nozzle 14 Mangauge

Claims (3)

  When spraying a concrete layer that is the primary lining to the tunnel inner wall with a sprayer with an erector, an arc gauge is built with an erector and sprayed concrete is used as a guide for tunnel lining Concrete construction method.   The concrete method for tunnel lining according to claim 1, wherein the arc-shaped gauge is a steel pipe.   The construction method of concrete for tunnel lining according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the construction of the arc-shaped gauge is performed by marking the construction position by laser irradiation and matching with the marking.

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