JP2007209779A - Pulse wave sensor - Google Patents

Pulse wave sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2007209779A
JP2007209779A JP2007102075A JP2007102075A JP2007209779A JP 2007209779 A JP2007209779 A JP 2007209779A JP 2007102075 A JP2007102075 A JP 2007102075A JP 2007102075 A JP2007102075 A JP 2007102075A JP 2007209779 A JP2007209779 A JP 2007209779A
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light
pulse wave
receiving element
wave sensor
light receiving
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JP4400643B2 (en
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Rie Oosaki
理江 大崎
Sadasuke Kimura
禎祐 木村
Shinji Nanba
晋治 難波
Tsukasa Komura
司 甲村
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Denso Corp
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Denso Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pulse wave sensor capable of reducing a noise light and having high detection probability. <P>SOLUTION: This reflection type pulse wave sensor having a light emitting element 3 and a light receiving element 4 is disposed with a light control film 10 on the upper part of the light receiving element 4. This constitution can cut off disturbance light whose incident angle is a prescribed value (for example 35°) or more so as to reduce false detection due to the effect of the disturbance light and improve the detection probability. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、発光素子と受光素子を有する反射型の脈波センサに関する。   The present invention relates to a reflection type pulse wave sensor having a light emitting element and a light receiving element.

従来より、光学式の脈波計測装置として、例えば図6に示すように、発光素子100と受光素子110を並べて配置した反射型の脈波センサが公知である。この脈波センサは、発光素子100と受光素子110の上部に透光板120(例えばガラス板)が設けられ、この透光板120の表面を人体の皮膚表面に密着させて使用するもので、発光素子100から人体に向けて光を照射し、反射してきた光を受光素子110で受光して、その受光量の変化により人体の脈波を計測している。
なお、開示する特許文献はありません。
Conventionally, as an optical pulse wave measuring device, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, a reflection type pulse wave sensor in which a light emitting element 100 and a light receiving element 110 are arranged side by side is known. This pulse wave sensor is provided with a light transmitting plate 120 (for example, a glass plate) on top of the light emitting element 100 and the light receiving element 110, and the surface of the light transmitting plate 120 is used in close contact with the human skin surface. Light is emitted from the light emitting element 100 toward the human body, the reflected light is received by the light receiving element 110, and the pulse wave of the human body is measured by the change in the amount of light received.
There are no patent documents to disclose.

ところが、反射型の脈波センサは、発光素子100と受光素子110とを並べて配置しているため、図6に破線矢印で示すように、人体の皮膚表面と透光板120の表面との界面で反射した光がノイズ光として受光素子110に入り込んでしまう。この場合、人体の動き等によって皮膚と透光板120との密着度が変わると、皮膚表面における反射率が変化して、受光素子110に入る受光量が変動することにより、人体の脈波を正常に計測できなくなるという問題があった。また、外部からの光(例えば太陽光や螢光燈の光)がノイズ光として受光素子110に入ると、その入射量の変動に伴って受光量が変動するため、外部からの光を極力遮断する必要がある。
本発明は、上記事情に基づいて成されたもので、その目的は、ノイズ光を低減でき、検出確率の高い脈波センサを提供することにある。
However, since the reflection type pulse wave sensor has the light emitting element 100 and the light receiving element 110 arranged side by side, the interface between the human skin surface and the surface of the translucent plate 120 as shown by the broken line arrow in FIG. The light reflected by the light enters the light receiving element 110 as noise light. In this case, when the degree of adhesion between the skin and the translucent plate 120 changes due to the movement of the human body or the like, the reflectance on the skin surface changes, and the amount of light received entering the light receiving element 110 fluctuates. There was a problem that measurement could not be performed normally. In addition, when external light (for example, sunlight or fluorescent light) enters the light receiving element 110 as noise light, the amount of received light varies with the variation in the amount of incident light, so that external light is blocked as much as possible. There is a need to.
The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a pulse wave sensor that can reduce noise light and has a high detection probability.

(請求項1の手段)
本発明の脈波センサは、入射角が所定値以上の光を遮断できるライトコントロールフィルムを受光素子の上部に設けたことを特徴とする。
例えば脈波センサを人体の指に取り付けて使用する場合、太陽光や螢光燈などの光(外乱光と呼ぶ)は、指を導光体として受光素子に入射することがある。この外乱光は、指の皮膚を導光してくると思われることから、受光素子には大きな入射角度で入射してくると考えられる。そこで、受光素子の上部にライトコントロールフィルムを設けることで、入射角が所定値以上の外乱光をカットできるため、外乱光の影響による誤検出を低減でき、検出確率を向上できる。
(Means of Claim 1)
The pulse wave sensor of the present invention is characterized in that a light control film capable of blocking light having an incident angle of a predetermined value or more is provided on the upper part of the light receiving element.
For example, when the pulse wave sensor is used by being attached to a human finger, light such as sunlight or fluorescent light (referred to as disturbance light) may enter the light receiving element with the finger as a light guide. Since this disturbance light is thought to be guided through the skin of the finger, it is considered that it enters the light receiving element at a large incident angle. Therefore, by providing a light control film on the upper part of the light receiving element, disturbance light having an incident angle of a predetermined value or more can be cut, so that false detection due to the influence of disturbance light can be reduced and detection probability can be improved.

(請求項2の手段)
請求項1に記載した脈波センサにおいて、ライトコントロールフィルムを透光板として用いている。例えば、透光板にライトコントロールフィルムを重ねて使用した場合、両者の屈折率が異なるために、透光板とフィルムとの界面で反射が生じる。そこで、ライトコントロールフィルムを透光板として用いれば、界面での反射を無くすことができる。
また、透光板にライトコントロールフィルムを重ねて使用する場合は、当然ながら部品点数が増加し、且つ両者の屈折率を調整液等によって調整する必要が生じるため、コストが高くなってしまう。これに対し、ライトコントロールフィルムを透光板として用いれば、部品点数が増えることはなく、且つ屈折率の調整も不要であるため、コストを低く抑えることが可能である。
(Means of Claim 2)
In the pulse wave sensor according to claim 1, a light control film is used as a light-transmitting plate. For example, when a light control film is overlapped on a light transmissive plate, reflection occurs at the interface between the light transmissive plate and the film because the refractive indexes of the two are different. Therefore, if the light control film is used as a light-transmitting plate, reflection at the interface can be eliminated.
In addition, when the light control film is used in an overlapped manner with the light transmitting plate, the number of parts naturally increases, and the refractive index of both needs to be adjusted with an adjusting liquid, resulting in an increase in cost. On the other hand, if the light control film is used as a light-transmitting plate, the number of components does not increase and the refractive index does not need to be adjusted, so that the cost can be kept low.

本発明を実施するための最良の形態を以下の実施例により詳細に説明する。   The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following examples.

〔参考例〕
図1は人体の指と脈波センサの断面図である。
本参考例の脈波センサ1は、図1に示すように、上面に開口部を有するパッケージ2、このパッケージ2に収納される発光素子3と受光素子4、パッケージ2の開口部に取り付けられる透光板5、及び発光素子3と受光素子4との間に配される遮光部材6等より構成され、図2に示すように、固定用ベルト7によって人体の指Fに装着して使用される。
[Reference example]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a human finger and a pulse wave sensor.
As shown in FIG. 1, the pulse wave sensor 1 of the present reference example has a package 2 having an opening on the upper surface, a light emitting element 3 and a light receiving element 4 housed in the package 2, and a transparent attached to the opening of the package 2. It is composed of an optical plate 5 and a light shielding member 6 disposed between the light emitting element 3 and the light receiving element 4 and is used by being attached to a human finger F by a fixing belt 7 as shown in FIG. .

パッケージ2の内部には、図示しない回路基板が固定され、この回路基板に電子部品である発光素子3(例えばLED)と受光素子4(例えばPD)とが並んで実装されている。
透光板5は、光を透過できる例えばガラス板であり、遮光部材6によって発光素子3側と受光素子4側とに分離されている。
遮光部材6は、光を透過できない構成で、図1に示すように、所定の厚みを有する板状に設けられて、発光素子3と受光素子4との間に介在され、透光板5及びパッケージ2の内部を発光素子3側と受光素子4側とに分離している。
A circuit board (not shown) is fixed inside the package 2, and a light emitting element 3 (for example, LED) and a light receiving element 4 (for example, PD), which are electronic components, are mounted side by side on the circuit board.
The translucent plate 5 is, for example, a glass plate that can transmit light, and is separated into a light emitting element 3 side and a light receiving element 4 side by a light shielding member 6.
As shown in FIG. 1, the light shielding member 6 is provided in a plate shape having a predetermined thickness and is interposed between the light emitting element 3 and the light receiving element 4. The interior of the package 2 is separated into the light emitting element 3 side and the light receiving element 4 side.

固定用ベルト7は、受光素子4に外乱光が入り込むのを防止するために、例えば脈波センサ1の周囲を半径8mmの範囲で覆うことができるだけのベルト幅を有している。なお、固定用ベルト7には、図示しない信号線を介して脈波センサ1の回路基板に接続される回路部8が取り付けられている(図2参照)。この回路部8には、増幅回路と送信回路とが形成され、脈波センサ1から信号線を通じて送られた検出信号を増幅して別体の受信機に送信することができる。   The fixing belt 7 has a belt width that can cover, for example, the periphery of the pulse wave sensor 1 within a radius of 8 mm in order to prevent disturbance light from entering the light receiving element 4. The fixing belt 7 is provided with a circuit portion 8 connected to the circuit board of the pulse wave sensor 1 via a signal line (not shown) (see FIG. 2). The circuit unit 8 is formed with an amplifier circuit and a transmission circuit, and can amplify the detection signal sent from the pulse wave sensor 1 through the signal line and transmit it to a separate receiver.

次に、本参考例の作動及び効果を説明する。
発光素子3から照射された光は、その一部が指Fの内部を通る毛細動脈9に当たって毛細動脈9を流れる血液中のヘモグロビンに吸収され、残りの光が毛細動脈9で反射して散乱し、一部が受光素子4に入射する。
ここで、血液の脈動により、毛細動脈9にあるヘモグロビンの量が波動的に変化するので、ヘモグロビンに吸収される光も波動的に変化する。その結果、毛細動脈9で反射して受光素子4に入射する光も変化し、その変化量が脈波となる。
Next, the operation and effect of this reference example will be described.
A part of the light emitted from the light emitting element 3 strikes the capillary artery 9 passing through the inside of the finger F and is absorbed by hemoglobin in the blood flowing through the capillary artery 9, and the remaining light is reflected and scattered by the capillary artery 9. , Part of the light enters the light receiving element 4.
Here, since the amount of hemoglobin in the capillary artery 9 changes in a wave manner due to blood pulsation, the light absorbed in the hemoglobin also changes in a wave manner. As a result, the light reflected by the capillary artery 9 and incident on the light receiving element 4 also changes, and the amount of change becomes a pulse wave.

但し、発光素子3から照射された光の一部が、透光板5の表面と指Fの皮膚表面との界面で反射し、再び透光板5に戻ってしまう場合がある。この場合、前記界面での反射光が受光素子4に入ると、正常に脈波を計測することが困難である。これに対し、本参考例の脈波センサ1では、遮光部材6によって透光板5を発光素子3側と受光素子4側とに分離し、更に発光素子3と受光素子4との間にまで遮光部材6を配置しているので、発光素子3から照射された光のうち、前記界面で反射した光が遮光部材6より受光素子4側へ入り込むことを阻止できる。その結果、図1に示すように、前記界面で反射した光が直接受光素子4に入射することはなく、脈波の計測において反射光の影響を排除できるため、検出確率を向上できる。   However, part of the light emitted from the light emitting element 3 may be reflected at the interface between the surface of the translucent plate 5 and the skin surface of the finger F and return to the translucent plate 5 again. In this case, if the reflected light at the interface enters the light receiving element 4, it is difficult to normally measure the pulse wave. On the other hand, in the pulse wave sensor 1 of the present reference example, the light transmitting member 5 is separated into the light emitting element 3 side and the light receiving element 4 side by the light shielding member 6, and further between the light emitting element 3 and the light receiving element 4. Since the light shielding member 6 is disposed, it is possible to prevent light reflected from the interface from entering the light receiving element 4 side from the light shielding member 6 among the light emitted from the light emitting element 3. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, the light reflected by the interface does not directly enter the light receiving element 4, and the influence of the reflected light can be eliminated in the measurement of the pulse wave, so that the detection probability can be improved.

(参考例の変形例)
上記の遮光部材6は、少なくとも受光素子4側の表面を黒色にすると良い。この場合、受光素子4側の遮光部材6の表面で反射する光を低減できるので、受光素子4にノイズ光が入り込む確率を小さくできる。
また、遮光部材6は、発光素子3側の表面を鏡面としても良い。この場合、前記界面での反射光を遮断できるだけでなく、発光素子3から照射された光を鏡面によって有効に人体に投光できるため、検出感度を向上できる効果も生じる。
更に、上記の参考例では、固定用ベルト7に回路部8を設けて、回路部8から受信機へ送信する構成であるが、例えばマイクロコンピュータを内蔵する腕時計型の脈波計測装置を設け、この計測装置と脈波センサ1とを直接リード線で接続しても良い。
(Modification of reference example)
The light shielding member 6 should preferably have at least a black surface on the light receiving element 4 side. In this case, since the light reflected on the surface of the light shielding member 6 on the light receiving element 4 side can be reduced, the probability that noise light enters the light receiving element 4 can be reduced.
Further, the light shielding member 6 may have a mirror surface on the light emitting element 3 side. In this case, not only the reflected light at the interface can be blocked, but also the light irradiated from the light emitting element 3 can be effectively projected onto the human body by the mirror surface, so that the detection sensitivity can be improved.
Further, in the above reference example, the circuit unit 8 is provided on the fixing belt 7 and is transmitted from the circuit unit 8 to the receiver. For example, a wristwatch type pulse wave measuring device incorporating a microcomputer is provided, You may connect this measuring device and the pulse wave sensor 1 with a lead wire directly.

〔実施例1〕
本実施例の脈波センサ1は、図3に示すように、受光素子4の上部にライトコントロールフィルム10を配置した一例である。
太陽光や螢光燈等の光(外乱光)が受光素子4に入射する場合、指Fの皮膚を導光して受光素子4まで到達するものと考えられる。また、指Fの皮膚を導光してくる外乱光は、受光素子4に対し大きな入射角度で入射していると考えられる。何故なら、図4に示す特性(入射角θが35度以上の光を透過させない)を持ったフィルムを受光素子4の上部に設けて外乱光の影響を調べたところ、図5に示すように、外乱光の揺らぎの影響が小さくなる結果が得られた。従って、受光素子4の上部にライトコントロールフィルム10を配置することで、入射角が所定値(例えば35度)以上の外乱光をカットできるため、外乱光の影響による誤検出を低減でき、検出確率を向上できる。
なお、脈波センサ1を固定用ベルト7で指Fに装着した場合、脈波センサ1に対し指Fの周方向は固定用ベルト7で覆われているため、外乱光は指Fの長さ方向から導光される。従って、ライトコントロールフィルム10は、指Fの長さ方向にフィルム10の角度依存性を持たせて使用する必要がある。
[Example 1]
The pulse wave sensor 1 of the present embodiment is an example in which a light control film 10 is disposed on the light receiving element 4 as shown in FIG.
When light (disturbance light) such as sunlight or fluorescent light enters the light receiving element 4, it is considered that the skin of the finger F is guided to reach the light receiving element 4. Further, it is considered that the disturbance light guided through the skin of the finger F is incident on the light receiving element 4 at a large incident angle. This is because when a film having the characteristics shown in FIG. 4 (that does not transmit light having an incident angle θ of 35 degrees or more) is provided on the light receiving element 4 and the influence of disturbance light is examined, as shown in FIG. As a result, the influence of disturbance light fluctuation was reduced. Therefore, by disposing the light control film 10 on the light receiving element 4, disturbance light having an incident angle of a predetermined value (for example, 35 degrees) or more can be cut, so that erroneous detection due to the influence of the disturbance light can be reduced, and the detection probability. Can be improved.
When the pulse wave sensor 1 is attached to the finger F with the fixing belt 7, since the circumferential direction of the finger F is covered with the fixing belt 7 with respect to the pulse wave sensor 1, the disturbance light is the length of the finger F. Guided from the direction. Therefore, the light control film 10 needs to be used with the angle dependency of the film 10 in the length direction of the finger F.

本実施例の場合、ライトコントロールフィルム10を透光板5として使用することもできる。例えば、透光板5にライトコントロールフィルム10を重ねて使用した場合、両者の屈折率が異なるために、透光板5とフィルム10との界面で反射が生じる。そこで、ライトコントロールフィルム10を透光板5として用いれば、界面での反射を無くすことができる。
また、透光板5にライトコントロールフィルム10を重ねて使用する場合は、当然ながら部品点数が増加し、且つ両者の屈折率を調整液等によって調整する必要が生じるため、コストが高くなってしまう。これに対し、ライトコントロールフィルム10を透光板5として用いれば、部品点数が増えることはなく、且つ屈折率の調整も不要であるため、コストを低く抑えることが可能である。
In the case of the present embodiment, the light control film 10 can also be used as the translucent plate 5. For example, when the light control film 10 is used while being superimposed on the light transmitting plate 5, reflection occurs at the interface between the light transmitting plate 5 and the film 10 because the refractive indexes of both are different. Therefore, if the light control film 10 is used as the translucent plate 5, reflection at the interface can be eliminated.
In addition, when the light control film 10 is used on the light-transmitting plate 5, the number of parts naturally increases, and the refractive index of both needs to be adjusted with an adjusting liquid, which increases the cost. . On the other hand, if the light control film 10 is used as the translucent plate 5, the number of parts does not increase and the refractive index does not need to be adjusted, so that the cost can be kept low.

指と脈波センサの断面図である(参考例)。It is sectional drawing of a finger | toe and a pulse wave sensor (reference example). 脈波センサの使用状態を示す図面である。It is drawing which shows the use condition of a pulse wave sensor. ライトコントロールフィルムを使用した場合の一例を示す図面である(実施例1)。It is drawing which shows an example at the time of using a light control film (Example 1). ライトコントロールフィルムの特性図である。It is a characteristic view of a light control film. ライトコントロールフィルムの効果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the effect of a light control film. 従来の脈波センサの使用状態を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows the use condition of the conventional pulse wave sensor.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1 脈波センサ
3 発光素子
4 受光素子
5 透光板
6 遮光部材
10 ライトコントロールフィルム
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Pulse wave sensor 3 Light emitting element 4 Light receiving element 5 Translucent plate 6 Light shielding member 10 Light control film

Claims (2)

発光素子と受光素子を有する反射型の脈波センサにおいて、
前記発光素子と受光素子の上部に光を透過できる透光板を有し、この透光板の表面を人体の皮膚表面に密着させて使用する脈波センサであり、
入射角が所定値以上の光を遮断できるライトコントロールフィルムを前記受光素子の上部に設けたことを特徴とする脈波センサ。
In a reflection type pulse wave sensor having a light emitting element and a light receiving element,
A pulse wave sensor having a light transmitting plate capable of transmitting light on top of the light emitting element and the light receiving element, and using the surface of the light transmitting plate in close contact with the skin surface of a human body;
A pulse wave sensor characterized in that a light control film capable of blocking light having an incident angle of a predetermined value or more is provided above the light receiving element.
請求項1に記載した脈波センサにおいて、
前記ライトコントロールフィルムを前記透光板として用いたことを特徴とする脈波センサ。
In the pulse wave sensor according to claim 1,
A pulse wave sensor using the light control film as the translucent plate.
JP2007102075A 2007-04-09 2007-04-09 Pulse wave sensor Expired - Lifetime JP4400643B2 (en)

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JP24538199A Division JP3997666B2 (en) 1999-08-31 1999-08-31 Pulse wave sensor

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JP4400643B2 JP4400643B2 (en) 2010-01-20

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JP2012254194A (en) * 2011-06-09 2012-12-27 Seiko Epson Corp Biosensor and biological information detector

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012254194A (en) * 2011-06-09 2012-12-27 Seiko Epson Corp Biosensor and biological information detector

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