JP2007202312A - Brushless motor and drive structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an outer core rotating brushless motor having a stable structure. <P>SOLUTION: The brushless motor has a fixing shaft 35 of the brushless motor 9 formed into a large diameter and a hollow state, and a first and a second end connectors 37, 39 fitted into the opening of both axial ends. Furthermore, a rotary encoder 73 which detects the rotation speed of the outer core 33 is arranged inside of the outer core 33. A wave adjustment connector 79 which receives a detected magnetic signal from the magnetic sensor 77 of the rotary encoder 73 is connected to intermediate switch connectors 81, 83 having a built-in micro-computer, and controls the supply of current to a winding 53. This structure enables the brushless motor 9 to perform a self-control operation. These intermediate switch connectors 81, 83 are detachably fitted to the end connectors 37, 39. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an outer core rotation type brushless motor and a drive structure having the brushless motor. For example, a brushless motor that can be configured to accommodate a device connector in a fixed hollow shaft and be capable of self-control and the brushless motor It has a drive structure.

  The outer core rotation type brushless motor is configured by, for example, an outer core on which a magnet is mounted rotatably arranged on the outer periphery of a fixed shaft having a coil. The fixed shaft is formed, for example, in a hollow shape, and a coil (winding) wound around the coil core is pulled out to the outside through the fixed shaft, for example, and connected to a power source (see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-180161

  By the way, in such a brushless motor, an external motor driver and other external control circuits are connected to the winding drawn to the outside, and a drive current is supplied via these drivers and the outer core rotates. Driven. Therefore, the configuration of the brushless motor is unstable or complicated.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an outer core rotating brushless motor having a stable configuration.

  In order to achieve this object, a brushless motor according to the present invention has, for example, a coil core, a fixed shaft having a coil wound around the coil core, and a magnet, which is rotatably disposed on the outer periphery of the coil. A new outer rotor brushless motor including an outer core, wherein the fixed shaft is formed in a hollow shape, and the coil is drawn into the fixed shaft and provided at an end of the fixed shaft. It is connected to a power source or a drive circuit and a power source via an end connector. The end connector is detachably attached to the end of the fixed shaft, for example. A stable wiring structure can be configured by the end connector provided at the end of the fixed shaft. Further, by connecting the control circuit to the end connector and accommodating the control circuit in the fixed shaft, the configuration of the brushless motor can be simplified, for example, as a self-control type. Furthermore, if the control circuit is configured as a control connector and is detachably connected to the end connector (or is detachably attached and connected), another control connector is attached to the end connector, It becomes possible to control the drive of the brushless motor in another manner. The brushless motor can be a stepping motor according to a wave instruction from a built-in encoder. For example, the coil is wound around a coil core, but a coreless coil may be used. This brushless motor can be used as a driving source for various driving objects.

  A brushless motor of the present invention includes, for example, a coil core, a fixed shaft having a coil wound around the coil core, and an outer core that is mounted on a magnet and rotatably disposed on the outer periphery of the coil. A brushless motor, wherein the fixed shaft is formed in a hollow shape, and openings at both ends in the axial direction are respectively closed by caps, and at least one of the caps is configured as an end connector, The coil is drawn into the fixed shaft and connected to a power source or a drive circuit and a power source via the end connector. The cap or the end connector is detachably attached to, for example, the end or opening of the fixed shaft. Here, the hollow fixed shaft is sealed by caps or end connectors attached to openings at both ends in the axial direction.

  In order to appropriately control the rotation of the outer core, a rotary encoder that detects the rotation speed of the outer core is provided in the outer core. Then, a detection connector or a wave shaping connector including a control circuit such as a waveform shaping circuit for controlling the rotation of the outer core by the rotation speed detected by the rotary encoder is configured, and this connector is used as the control connector for the fixed shaft. Can be housed inside.

  When the outer core is driven and rotated by an external force and the rotation speed is detected by a rotary encoder so that the driven object can be driven effectively, and the detected rotation speed reaches the specified rotation speed In addition, the operation can be configured to be started by an instruction from a microcomputer equipped in the device connector.

  Since the outer core can be configured to transmit the rotational driving force directly or directly to the object to be driven, effective driving force transmission without gear loss such as gear transmission can be achieved.

  By providing fins in the outer core and configuring the effect as a fan, it is possible to discharge heat-up air inside and suck out the outside air, thereby suppressing heat generation and stabilizing the motor output.

  Moreover, the drive structure of the present invention includes, for example, a coil core, a fixed shaft having a coil wound around the coil core, and an outer core that is rotatably disposed on the outer periphery of the coil. A brushless motor, and a driving object to which a rotational driving force is directly or directly transmitted from the outer core. The fixed shaft is formed in a hollow shape, and the coil is drawn into the fixed shaft. The power supply or the drive circuit and the power supply are connected via an end connector provided at the end of the fixed shaft. The end connector is detachably attached to the end of the fixed shaft, for example. The brushless motor can be configured as a stepping motor according to a wave instruction from a built-in encoder. The assisting self-control of the brushless motor of the present invention can be utilized as a tire such as a bicycle configured to rotate the driving target with a driving force other than the brushless motor. In the brushless motor of the present invention, the control driver of the brushless motor can be accommodated in the fixed hollow shaft of the brushless motor by downsizing the control driver of the brushless motor.

  The brushless motor or the drive structure of the present invention can appropriately control the drive target with a stable configuration.

  Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a view of a bicycle in which an assist structure having a brushless motor according to the present invention is configured. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a mounting portion of the brushless motor of FIG. 1A. The state in which the brushless motor is separated from the rear wheel. FIGS. 3A and 3B are enlarged views of the attachment part of the brushless motor of FIG. 1A and are diagrams showing a state in which the brushless motor is pressed against the rear wheel.

  A brushless motor 9 is attached to the frame 3 of the bicycle 1 between a pedal attachment portion 5 and a rear wheel (tire) 7, and a drive source of the brushless motor 9 (between the saddle 11 and the pedal attachment portion 5 ( A battery 13 is attached.

  A bracket 15 is fixed to the frame 3 between the pedal mounting portion 5 and the rear wheel 7, and a pair of left and right are provided on the bracket 15 so as to swing along a vertical plane around the rotating shaft 17. Support pieces 19, 19 are attached. A connecting shaft 21 is fixed between one end portions of the support piece 19, and a tip end portion of a piston rod 25 of a solenoid 23 attached to the bracket 15 is rotatably connected to the connecting shaft 21. The brushless motor 9 is fixed to the end of the fixed shaft 27. A double torsion spring 29 (or two torsion springs are used) is fitted on the outer periphery of the rotary shaft 17. One end of the double torsion spring 29 abuts on the bracket 15, and the other end is a support piece 19. Are in contact with the connecting shaft 21 between the one end portions of the two.

  Here, when the solenoid 23 is energized, the piston rod 25 of the solenoid 23 protrudes and swings the support piece 19 in the clockwise direction. When the support piece 19 swings in the clockwise direction, the connecting shaft 21 meshes with the latch 31 and the support piece 19 is held in the state of swinging in the clockwise direction even when the energization to the solenoid 23 is interrupted. In this state, the cylindrical outer core 33 of the brushless motor 9 is not in contact with the rear wheel 7. 2 and 3 is a cosmetic protective cover.

  When the latch 31 is energized again, the engagement between the latch 31 and the connecting shaft 21 is released, and the support piece 19 swings counterclockwise by the urging force of the double torsion spring 29, so that the cylinder of the brushless motor 9 is The outer core 33 is pressed against the rear wheel 7. In addition, it can replace with the latch 31 and can also provide a rotation serration. That is, the piston rod 25 is engaged with the rotating jaws so that the rotating jaws rotate only in the direction in which the piston rod 25 protrudes. Then, the energization of the rotating jaws allows the rotating jaws to rotate in the direction in which the piston rod 25 contracts, and the urging force of the double torsion spring 29 causes the support piece 19 to swing counterclockwise, and the brushless motor 9 The cylindrical outer core 33 is pressed against the rear wheel 7 in advance.

  FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the brushless motor 9.

  The fixed shaft 35 of the brushless motor 9 is formed to have a large diameter and a hollow shape, and first and second end connectors (caps) 37 and 39 are fitted in openings at both ends in the axial direction so as to be removable, for example. Yes. The first and second end connectors 37 and 39 are made of resin and are formed so as to seal the opening of the fixed shaft 35 in a liquid-tight manner. A charging cord 41 is drawn out from the first end connector 37, and a power cord 43, a driving cord 44 and, for example, a switch cord are drawn out from the second end connector 39. A wire seal 45 is provided to ensure liquid density or waterproofness. An annular stator 47 provided on the outer periphery of the fixed shaft 35 is configured by combining a plurality of stator segments 49 divided in the circumferential direction, and each stator segment 49 has an iron core coil core 51. Each of the coil cores 51 is wound with a winding (coil) 53. Both sides of the winding 53 are drawn into the fixed shaft 35 from pull-in holes 55 provided in the outer wall of the fixed shaft 35.

  The stator 47 is formed by fitting attachment portions of the respective stator segments 49 inside a plurality of annular protrusions 57 (three in this case) formed on the outer periphery of the fixed shaft 35 and combining the stator segments 49. Thus, the outer periphery of the fixed shaft 35 is configured and attached. Caulking 59 is applied between the axially opposite end faces of the stator 47 and the annular protrusions 57 positioned at the axially opposite ends, and the winding 53 is drawn into the fixed shaft 35 on the outer surface of the stator 47. A resin coating 61 is applied as a whole. Accordingly, the pull-in hole 55 of the fixed shaft 35 is waterproofed by the resin coating 61 and the caulking 59, and the inside of the fixed shaft 35 is sealed by the end connectors 37 and 39, the resin coating 61 and the caulking 59, and a waterproof motor. It has become.

  The cylindrical outer core 33 with the magnet 63 attached to the inner peripheral surface has inward annular end walls 65 at both axial ends, and the inner periphery of the inward annular end wall 65 and the fixed shaft 35 are A fixed shaft 35 is rotatably supported by a ball bearing 67 disposed therebetween. Fins 68 are provided at both ends in the axial direction inside the outer core 33, and the fins 68 rotate with the outer core 33 to form a function as a sirocco fan and are formed on the inwardly facing annular end wall 65. The air in the outer core 33 is exhausted from the exhaust hole 71, and the outside air is guided into the outer core 33 from the intake hole 69 formed in the inward annular end wall 65. Further, a rotary encoder 73 for detecting the rotation speed of the outer core 33 is arranged inside the outer core 33. The rotary encoder 73 is provided in the outer core 33, and is magnetized to rotate together with the outer core 33. A magnetic sensor (MR sensor) 77 provided on the fixed shaft 35 and a magnetic sensor (MR sensor) 77 provided on the fixed shaft 35, receiving a detection magnetic signal from the magnetic sensor 77 and supplying a current to the winding 53. A harmonized connector 79 with a built-in microcomputer for controlling the supply. In the figure, reference numeral 80 denotes a rubber tire. However, as shown in FIG. 1B, when the drive chain 82 is to be driven, a gear rack that meshes with the drive chain 82 is used. In addition, the brushless motor 9 can be provided, for example, so as to be detachable from the front wheel (tire) 84 (see reference numeral 86 in FIG. 1A). Alternatively, for example, the brushless motor 9 can be detachably provided on the upper side of the rear wheel 7 (behind the saddle 11) (see reference numeral 88 in FIG. 1A). In this case, mudguards are not disturbed. Constitute.

  Within the fixed shaft 35, a first intermediate switch connector 81 is provided, for example, removably connected (eg, removably attached and connected) to the first end connector 37, and The second end connector 39 is provided with a second intermediate switch connector 83 that is, for example, removably connected (for example, removably attached and connected). The wave rectifying connector 79 is connected to the first intermediate switch connector 81, for example, removably (for example, removably attached and connected), and the end of the winding 53 drawn into the fixed shaft 35 is connected to the first intermediate switch connector 81. The coil connector 85 is connected to the second intermediate switch connector 83, for example, detachably (for example, detachably attached and connected), but is harmonized. The connector 79 and the coil connector 85 are also connected by a line 87, and the wave rectifying connector 79 and the second intermediate switch connector 83 are also connected.

  The power cord 43 of the second end connector 39 is connected to the battery 13 for supplying power to the brushless motor 9, and the charging cord 41 of the first end connector 37 is connected to the battery 13 for charging the battery 13. The drive cord 44 of the second end connector 39 is connected to an external control driver 89 that controls the supply of current to the brushless motor 9. The control driver 89 is accommodated on the upper side of the bracket 15, for example.

  FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing the configuration of the assist structure.

  The power cord 43 is connected to the battery 13 via the control driver 89, the change-over swing switch 100, and the position holding type assist switch 91. The charging cord 41 is connected to the battery 13. Further, the solenoid 23 is connected to the battery 13 via an automatic return type solenoid switch 93 and an assist switch 91, and the latch 31 is connected to the battery 13 via an automatic return type latch switch 95 and an assist switch 91. Has been. The change-over swing switch 100, the assist switch 91, the solenoid switch 93, and the latch switch 95 are attached to the handle 99 of the bicycle 1 as an operation switch 97 (see FIG. 1).

  Next, an example of the operation mode of the assist structure will be described.

  First, the assisting switch 91 is turned on, and the battery 13 and the brushless motor 9, the battery 13 and the solenoid 23, and the battery 13 and the latch 31 are in a state where they can be energized. Next, when the latch switch 95 is turned ON, the latch 31 is energized, the engagement between the connecting shaft 21 of the support piece 19 and the latch 31 is released (see the phantom line of the latch 31 in FIG. 2), and the brushless motor 9 A cylindrical outer core 33 is pressed against the rear wheel 7 (see FIG. 3). In this state, since the second intermediate switch connector 83 is OFF, no current is supplied to the winding 53, and the outer core 33 is driven to rotate by the rear wheel 7. . The change-over swing switch 100 is in a self-control position (OFF position).

Subsequently, when the rotation speed of the rear wheel 7 increases and the rotation speed of the outer core 33 of the brushless motor 9 has reached a predetermined value is detected by the numerical control microcomputer A that captures the waveform of the rotary encoder 73, The second intermediate switch connector 83 is turned on by an assist signal from the connector 79, current is supplied to the winding 53, the outer core 33 is actively rotated, and assist power is applied to the rear wheel 7. In the following case, energization to the brushless motor 9 is interrupted. Here, when the solenoid switch 93 is operated, a current is supplied to the solenoid 23, and the connecting shaft 21 moves up while pushing away the latch 31 (see the phantom line of the latch 31 in FIG. 3), and the cylindrical outer core of the brushless motor 9 is moved. 33 is separated from the rear wheel 7 and the latch 31 and the coupling shaft 21 are engaged with each other (the latch 31 protrudes when the coupling shaft 21 passes), so that the brushless motor 9 is held away from the rear wheel 7 (see FIG. 2).
In other words,
1. When the rotary encoder 73 detects that the rotational speed of the rear wheel 7 has fallen and the rotational speed of the outer core 33 of the brushless motor 9 has fallen to a predetermined value, and is commanded by a microcomputer (see reference A in FIG. 5). For example, when the speed of the bicycle 1 is lowered to 2 km / h, the second intermediate switch connector 83 is turned off by the microcomputer end signal (low / high / rapid rotation reading current command) from the wave-breaking connector 79, and the winding The supply of current to 53 is stopped.
2. Similarly, when the rotational speed of the rear wheel 7 is increased and the rotational speed of the outer core 33 of the brushless motor 9 has reached the upper limit value, the microcomputer of the rotary encoder 73 is also detected. For example, when the speed of the bicycle 1 is increased to 25 km / h, the second intermediate switch connector 83 is turned OFF by the microcomputer end signal (high rotation read current command) from the wave-breaking connector 79, and the winding 53 is connected to the winding 53. The supply of current is stopped. The same applies when the rotary encoder 73 detects that the rear wheel 7 has rapidly accelerated and the acceleration of the outer core 33 of the brushless motor 9 has reached the set sudden acceleration value (the sudden rotation reading current). Command).
3. When the brake is operated.
4). When the motor load becomes 0 due to downhill traveling or the like, the second intermediate switch connector 83 is turned OFF by the instruction (charge command) of the microcomputer (see symbol B in FIG. 5), and the first intermediate switch connector 81 Is turned ON to open the charging circuit, the characteristic of the DC motor during power generation becomes the braking force of tire rotation, and the amount of power generated by the no-load magnet motor is stored in the battery 13 from the charging cord 41. Further, when the rotational speed is increased or the brake is operated, the energization to the brushless motor 9 is cut off. At that time, the instruction (charge command) of the microcomputer (see symbol B in FIG. 5) One intermediate switch connector 81 can be turned on to open the charging circuit. The transistor 40 is used for preventing a backflow of current.

  Also, when the position-holding type change-over switch 100 provided in the operation switch 97 is turned on, the magnet relay is activated to turn off the internal encoder circuit, and the external motor encoder circuit mounted outside is turned on. By performing rotation adjustment or adjustment by rotation of the external motor encoder 102, self-control can be interrupted and the apparatus can be operated at an arbitrary rotation. Operation by the external motor encoder 102 can also be performed by switching with a microcomputer (see reference C in FIG. 5: an internal / external encoder switching microcomputer).

  FIG. 6A is a diagram showing a case where the brushless motor 9 is used for assisting a wheel of a wheelchair.

  Both ends of the lever body 109 of the U-shaped lever 107 are rotatably attached to the shaft 105 of the wheel 103 of the wheelchair 101 at both ends in the axial direction. A brushless motor 9 is attached to each of the lever main bodies 109. By gripping the grip switch 111 of the lever 107 and tilting the lever 107 forward (operation by the user itself), the outer core 33 of the brushless motor 9 is moved. The wheel 103 can be pressed (position A) to assist the rotation of the wheel 103. Further, by tilting the lever 107 rearward (operation by a caregiver), the outer core 33 of the brushless motor 9 can be pressed against the wheel 103 (position B) to assist the rotation of the wheel 103. The grip switch 111 can rotate the wheelchair by being configured to control the left and right brushless motors 9 separately. That is, it is possible to proceed while changing the direction. In addition, it is effective for safety that the lever 107 is attached to the shaft 105 via a spring. When the user releases the lever 107, the lever 107 moves from the position A to the position C, and the motor 9 leaves the tire. Further, as shown in FIG. 6B (a wheelchair dedicated to passenger driving), as shown in FIG. 6B, the brushless motor 9 is swingably attached to the frame 115 of the wheelchair 101 as shown in FIG. 6B. The outer core 33 of the motor 9 is pressed against the wheel 93 to assist the rotation of the wheel 103.

  FIG. 7 is a view showing a case where the outer core rotating brushless motor 9 of the present motor is used for driving the wheels of an automobile.

  The brushless motor 9 is disposed in the wheel 119 of the automobile wheel 117, and the wheel 117 is rotationally driven by the outer core 33. One end of the fixed shaft 35 is extended to be an axle 121. Reference numeral 125 denotes a brake device.

  The brushless motor or drive structure according to the present invention is capable of efficiently driving a bicycle or the like as the greatest feature, the self-control assist force of the present invention, and the simplicity of the drive structure. It is possible to provide a kit of a drive device and an electric switch that can be attached to the bicycle by the user himself as a single product.

It is a figure of the bicycle with which the brushless motor concerning the present invention was attached. It is a figure of the bicycle to which another brushless motor according to the present invention is attached. It is an enlarged view of the attachment part of a brushless motor. It is another enlarged view of the attachment part of a brushless motor. It is sectional drawing of a brushless motor. It is a conceptual diagram which shows the structure of a brushless motor. It is a figure which shows the case where a brushless motor is used for the wheel assist wheel assist. It is a figure which shows the case where a brushless motor is used for the assist of the wheel of a wheelchair by another function. It is a figure which shows the case where a brushless motor is used for the drive of the wheel of a motor vehicle.

Explanation of symbols

1 Bicycle 9 Brushless Motor 33 Outer Core 35 Fixed Axis 37, 39 End Connector 51 Coil Core

Claims (9)

A brushless motor comprising a fixed shaft having a coil and an outer core that is mounted on a magnet and rotatably arranged on the outer periphery of the coil;
The fixed shaft is formed in a hollow shape,
The brushless motor, wherein the coil is drawn into the fixed shaft and connected to a power source via an end connector provided at an end of the fixed shaft. A brushless motor comprising a fixed shaft having a coil and an outer core that is mounted on a magnet and rotatably arranged on the outer periphery of the coil;
The fixed shaft is formed in a hollow shape, and openings at both ends in the axial direction are respectively closed by caps,
At least one of the caps is configured as an end connector,
The brushless motor, wherein the coil is drawn into the fixed shaft and connected to a power source via the end connector.   A control connector including a control circuit for controlling the rotation of the outer core is accommodated in the fixed shaft by being detachably connected to the end connector. The brushless motor according to claim 1 or 2.   A rotary encoder for detecting the rotational speed of the outer core is disposed in the outer core, and a detection connector including a control circuit for controlling the rotation of the outer core based on the rotational speed detected by the rotary encoder is the control connector. The brushless motor according to claim 3, wherein the brushless motor is housed in the fixed shaft as a connector.   The rotary encoder detects a rotation speed when the outer core is rotated by being driven by an external force, and when the detected rotation speed reaches a predetermined rotation speed, the detection connector outputs an operation start signal. The brushless motor according to claim 4, wherein the brushless motor is configured to output.   The brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the outer core is configured to transmit a rotational driving force directly or directly to an object to be driven.   7. A brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein a cooling fan is provided in the outer core. A brushless motor having an outer core, which is mounted with a fixed shaft having a coil and a magnet and is rotatably arranged on the outer periphery of the coil, and a driving target to which a rotational driving force is directly or directly transmitted from the outer core With
The fixed shaft is formed in a hollow shape,
The drive structure, wherein the coil is pulled into the fixed shaft and connected to a power source via an end connector provided at an end of the fixed shaft.   9. The drive structure according to claim 8, wherein the representative drive object is a tire such as a bicycle or a drive chain configured to rotate with a driving force other than the brushless motor.

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