JP2007196192A - Fixing method of phytoplankton on carrier, and water purification apparatus using phytoplankton - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fixing method of phytoplankton on a carrier, and a water purification apparatus using the phytoplankton having high removing capacity of nitrogen or heavy metals like phosphorus and arsenic, and no possibility of side effect. <P>SOLUTION: This fixing method includes: a process for attaching sol before gelling in which the phytoplankton is dispersed in optional density, to the indirect carrier of an optional shape and size in a film state, gelling the sol film-likely attached to the indirect carrier as a direct carrier comprising the phytoplankton, and fixing to the indirect carrier; and a process for dipping the indirect carrier into the sol before gelling in which the phytoplankton is dispersed when attaching the sol before gelling in which the phytoplankton is dispersed to the indirect carrier in the film state. The direct carrier comprises calcium alginate gel. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a method for fixing phytoplankton to a carrier and a water quality purification apparatus using phytoplankton, which have a large ability to remove environmental pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and arsenic and have no fear of side effects.

  Conventionally, nitrogen removal from wastewater is generally performed by microbial treatment with nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria, etc. as shown in FIG. According to this, nitrogen such as ammonia in the waste water N1 is first introduced into the nitrification tank N2, and is oxidized to nitrate nitrogen N3 by nitrifying bacteria which are aerobic bacteria in an oxidizing atmosphere by blowing air. The nitrogen is then reduced to simple nitrogen N6 by denitrifying bacteria, which are anaerobic bacteria, in a reducing atmosphere in which air is blocked in the denitrification tank N4 and released into the atmosphere. N5 is purified waste water.

The waste water P1 from which nitrogen has been removed is subjected to a dephosphorization treatment if necessary. The dephosphorization process is based on, for example, a flocculant-dispersed activated sludge method. According to this, as shown in FIG. 10, an electrolytic cell P2 including iron electrodes P2a and P2a is used so that iron ions are generated as a flocculant, and an AC or DC voltage between the iron electrodes P2a and P2a is used. The applied power source P3 elutes iron as ions, and the iron ions react with phosphorus to precipitate as iron phosphate P4, which is treated as waste, and the supernatant P5 is discharged into a river or the like.

  As described above, denitrification requires two aerobic and anaerobic tanks N2 and N4, and the reaction is caused by bacteria, so that the speed is remarkably low and the apparatus becomes remarkably large. In addition, since dephosphorization by electrolysis is required, there is a problem that it is cumbersome and requires electric power, so that a high running cost is required.

  In addition, many proposals have been made on phytoplankton as a water purification apparatus that has the ability to remove substances causing environmental pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and arsenic, and has no fear of side effects (for example, Patent Documents). 1 to 6 and non-patent documents 1, 2)

Patent Document 1 discloses a phytoplankton that proliferates while improving the water quality in poor water quality such as lakes, rivers, swamps, and ponds, and sewage, and a method for the growth thereof. However, there is no mention of retention and growth of phytoplankton on a carrier.

  In Patent Document 2, a net is placed under the surface of a water area into which a causative substance such as nitrogen or phosphorus flows (parallel to the flow, in a flat shape), and algae (for example, merosilla) are attached to the net. It is described that the causative substance is adsorbed and propagated to absorb the causative substance, but there is no particular description about fixing to the algae to the net, and it is assumed that it adheres and grows naturally. Is done. Therefore, at the beginning of the net installation, there is no algae on the net, it is left to the adhesion and growth of algae, and it takes a long time to exert the desired ability, the selection of the type of algae and its There is a problem that it is impossible to arbitrarily set the adhesion density to the net.

In Patent Document 3, an algae (for example, a filamentous algae) is attached and inhabited in a space on the surface of a water area or a space adjacent to the water area (for example, a plurality of stages), and (for example, a net-like) carrier, A water supply means (for example, a pump) for supplying water in the above water area is provided on the upper part of the carrier, so that the sprinkled water comes into contact with the carrier while the water sprinkles down, and the algae adheres and grows naturally. It absorbs nitrogen, phosphorus, etc. contained in the water. This is due to the contact between the water to be treated and the air, thereby bringing water containing a lot of carbon dioxide into contact with the algae and promoting the growth of the algae. There is an advantage that the throughput of the material is high. However, since the adhesion of algae is still up to nature, the same problem as in Patent Document 2 remains.

In Patent Document 4, for example, water to be treated is introduced from an inlet of one end of a transparent algal reactor, and the inside is covered with, for example, adherent microalgae adhering to the surface of a transparent glass bead-like attachment carrier. It has been proposed to take in and remove inorganic nutrients in the treated water and discharge the treated water after the inorganic nutrient removal treatment from the outlet at the other end. In addition, Patent Document 5 discloses a diatom belonging to the genus Nabicular wherein the adherent microalgae are excellent in growth and nitrogen / phosphorus absorption, for example, Navicula sp. S (FERM P-19683 diatom strain), It is described that cyanobacteria and green algae are preferable, and that the algae strain is attached and grown in advance on the carrier before the installation thereof, and the problems of Patent Documents 2 and 3 are considerably solved. However, prior to the operation of the reactor, it is necessary to inoculate the reactor with a liquid medium in which the above-mentioned algal strain is dispersed in advance, and to contact the adherent carrier for a considerable period of time to grow the algal strain to a desired density. There is. That is, there is no mention of algae growth in advance other than the adhesion carrier for this reactor, preferably any algae are grown in another culture medium, and the adhesion carrier of any shape and size is used. However, it has not yet been able to meet various requirements for fixing at an arbitrary density.

  Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 describe removal of nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater by alginate beads (gel) containing chlorella together with microalgae growth promoting bacteria. In addition, although not algae, it contains fine particles of a substance that adsorbs phosphorus (for example, aluminum hydroxide), and nitrifying bacteria (or denitrifying bacteria) are immobilized on at least the surface layer of the gel (actually immersed in treated water) A gel piece that has been naturally adhering to (1) is immersed in the treated water in the form of a suspension tank, a fixed bed, a fluidized bed, or the like (for example, Patent Document 6).

However, all of these have a large specific surface area in contact with the treated water, and include a separately prepared high-density microalgae and adsorbents, so that a small-sized gel piece with high capacity can be easily obtained. Although excellent in terms, in practical use, there is a description of a means for stably holding the small-diameter gel piece in the treatment area without impairing its ability and preventing it from flowing out of the area. Absent. That is, if possible, a simple and inexpensive method that is easy to be placed in a lake or river as it is and that is excellent in nutrient intake is desirable, but none of them responds. In addition, since Patent Document 6 includes only nitrogen-adsorbing substances in nitrogen and gel pieces, and nitrifying bacteria (or it and denitrifying bacteria) adhere to and grow on the surface of the gel pieces. Problems similar to adhesion and proliferation remain.
JP-A-8-107782 JP 2000-167589 A JP 2001-17986 A JP 2004-66201 A JP 2005-224720 A JP 07-313970 A De-Bashan Le et al,: Water Res. 36 (12) (2002) De-Bashan Le et al,: Water Res. 38 (02) (2004)

  From the above, in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention has a great ability to remove environmental pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and arsenic, and supports phytoplankton which has no fear of side effects. And to provide a phytoplankton water purification device.

In order to achieve the above object, the method for immobilizing phytoplankton on a carrier that takes in environmental pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and arsenic as an independent nutrient source in the carrier according to the invention of claim 1 is optional. The sol before gelation, dispersed in the density of, is attached to the indirect carrier of any shape and size in the form of a film, and the sol attached to the indirect carrier in the form of a film is a direct carrier that includes phytoplankton. Gelation and fixing to the indirect carrier.

In addition to the constitution of the invention of claim 1, the invention of claim 2 is a gelation in which the phytoplankton is dispersed in attaching the phytoplankton to the indirect carrier in the form of a film on the sol before gelation. Immersing the indirect carrier in the previous sol.

According to a third aspect of the invention, in addition to the structure of the first or second aspect of the invention, the direct carrier comprises a calcium alginate gel.

Utilization of phytoplankton that is configured to contact with treated water in a state in which phytoplankton that takes in environmental pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and arsenic into the body as an independent nutrient source is fixed to a carrier. In the water purification apparatus, a gel containing phytoplankton is directly used as a carrier, and the direct carrier is fixed to an indirect carrier in a film form.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constitution of the fourth aspect of the invention, the gel containing the phytoplankton is a calcium alginate gel.

According to a sixth aspect of the invention, in addition to the constitution of the fourth or fifth aspect of the invention, the phytoplankton is a green alga, preferably chlorella.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the structure of any of the fourth to sixth aspects, the indirect carrier is a net-like body, preferably a flexible net-like body, more preferably a twisted yarn obtained from a natural product. A reticulated body.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of any of the fourth to sixth aspects, the indirect carrier is at least one of a plate-shaped body, a rod-shaped body, and a granular body.

According to the invention of claim 1, the phytoplankton can be fixed to the indirect carrier very easily, and the phytoplankton to be fixed can be grown in another culture medium, preferably After concentrating it, the gel, which is a direct carrier, is included in an arbitrary density as described later, so that it can be immediately brought into contact with treated water to exhibit its high water purification ability. Furthermore, the gel can be firmly fixed in a film form on a stable indirect carrier of any shape and size, so that its water purification ability can be maximized without harming, It can be stably held (placed) so that it does not move inside the processing area or flow out. That is, the phytoplankton fixed to such two carriers can be stably contacted with any treated water in any state, whether it is in a stationary state or in a circulating state, such as nitrogen, phosphorus and arsenic. As an independent nutrient source, it shows the maximum ability under the given conditions, is taken into the body, and can stably demonstrate high water purification ability immediately after installation (immersion in treated water) Is possible.

According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the phytoplankton was dispersed in the form of a sol before gelation attached to the indirect carrier in the form of a film. Soaking the indirect carrier in the sol before gelation makes it very easy to attach the sol to the indirect carrier as compared with application by brush or spray.

According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effects of the invention of claim 1 or 2, the calcium alginate gel can be obtained very easily by contact of alginic acid or a sodium salt sol thereof with calcium chloride (generally an aqueous solution thereof), In addition, calcium alginate gel containing phytoplankton is difficult to collapse, it is excellent as a direct carrier containing phytoplankton, and as an immobilizing agent for its indirect carrier, and has high strength and water flow at normal speed. So there is no elution or damage. In addition, this calcium alginate gel is transparent and transmits light necessary for carbonic acid assimilation of phytoplankton, and is also used as a food additive, is harmless and does not cause secondary pollution.

According to the invention of claim 4, as shown in the invention of claim 1, the phytoplankton can be fixed to the indirect carrier very easily by gelation of the sol adhered to the indirect carrier in the form of a film. Thus, the same effect as that of the first aspect of the invention can be exhibited.

According to the invention of claim 5, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 4, as shown in claim 3, the calcium alginate gel containing phytoplankton, for example, disperses the phytoplankton at an arbitrary density It is easily obtained by soaking in a sodium alginate sol and bringing the calcium chloride aqueous solution into contact with the indirect carrier to which it is attached and gelling. The calcium alginate gel containing the phytoplankton is, as in the invention of claim 3, hard to collapse, and is extremely excellent as a phytoplankton entrapping agent (direct carrier) and a fixing agent for the indirect carrier. And is not damaged by normal speed water flow. In addition, the alginic acid is used as a food additive and is harmless and does not cause secondary pollution.

According to the invention of claim 6, in addition to the effects of the invention of claim 4 or 5, single-cell phytoplankton is extremely easy to include by gel, and the uptake rate of environmental pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and arsenic is increased. It is remarkably large, has a large proliferation power, and is robust against mechanical processing such as centrifugation, so that the proliferation ability is not reduced. Among them, green algae do not produce toxins that adversely affect fish and shellfish like cyanobacteria, and chlorella is innocuous because it has a high growth ability and is well known as a health food.

According to the invention of claim 7, in addition to the effects of the invention of any one of claims 4 to 6, the gel fixed to the surface of the thread portion of the indirect carrier made of this mesh is a thin film, Water containing nutrient sources and light necessary for carbon dioxide assimilation can be easily transmitted, and environmental pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and arsenic can be taken in with high capacity. Moreover, the indirect carrier having the direct carrier fixed on the surface can be developed even in contact with the treated water in an arbitrary posture such as horizontal, vertical, and inclined, and at an appropriate interval and arranged in parallel. In addition, when fixing the direct carrier to the surface of the indirect carrier, for example, when forming the former direct carrier and immersing the latter indirect carrier in a sol before gelation, the indirect carrier made of this network is flexible. Even if it is large, it can be easily deformed and transformed without hindrance according to the shape and size of the container containing the sol, such as folding, folding, roll winding, etc. High degree of freedom.

In addition, the net-like body made of twisted yarn obtained from natural products does not contain harmful components, does not hinder the growth of phytoplankton, and is easy to dispose of, unlike plastics, and causes secondary pollution. There is no fear. The above is the case where the gel is fixed only to the thread portion of the mesh of the indirect carrier, but if the mesh is small, the gel is fixed in a film state in a state where a part or all of the mesh of the mesh is crushed. In this case, the treated water is brought into contact with both surfaces of the mesh.

According to the invention of claim 8, in addition to the effect of the invention of any one of claims 4 to 6, at least on the surface of the indirect carrier comprising any one of these plate-like bodies, rod-like bodies, and granular bodies, Similarly to the invention of claim 7, since the gel containing phytoplankton is fixed in a thin film shape, water containing nutrient sources and light necessary for carbon assimilation can be easily passed, and the rod-shaped body, The smaller the diameter of the granular material, the larger the specific surface area, and it is possible to take in environmental pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and arsenic with high capacity. In addition, when fixing the direct carrier to the surface of the indirect carrier, these indirect carriers can also be relatively freely immersed in the sol before gelation in which phytoplankton is dispersed, for example, as described above. A support or holding body may be required when contacting water, but it can be deployed and placed relatively freely according to its shape and size.

First, the method for fixing phytoplankton to the carrier, which takes environmental pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and arsenic into the body as an independent nutrient source, will be explained. The main point is that the phytoplankton is dispersed at an arbitrary density before gelation. The sol is attached to an indirect carrier, and the sol attached to the indirect carrier is gelled to form a direct carrier. Examples of the sol before gelation include sodium alginate sol, κ-color ginnan sol, agar sol, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) sol and the like using water as a dispersion medium. Examples of the carrier include a net-like body, preferably a flexible net-like body, and more preferably a net-like body, a plate-like body, a rod-like body, and a granular body made from a twisted yarn obtained from a natural product. In addition, examples of means for attaching the sol to the indirect carrier include application by brushing or spraying to the indirect carrier, immersion of the indirect carrier in the sol, and the like.

  As an example, a case where a sodium alginate sol using water as a dispersion medium is used as a sol before gelation will be described. An indirect carrier dipped in a sol in which phytoplankton is dispersed and then lifted is a gelling agent. By soaking in an aqueous calcium chloride solution, the sol attached to the indirect carrier becomes calcium alginate gel, and is firmly fixed to the indirect carrier as a direct carrier including phytoplankton. More specifically, it is as follows.

First, cultivated chlorella is centrifuged as a phytoplankton, concentrated about 100 times, and added to an equal volume of 2%, 4% sodium alginate sol and dispersed. When each mesh liquid (70 mm □) made of cotton twisted yarn as an indirect carrier is immersed in each mixed liquid, the network is pulled up, and immersed in a 0.3 mol / L calcium chloride aqueous solution. The liquid in which chlorella is dispersed becomes a gel. The state of the obtained gel is as follows.

That is, when the mesh size is small, the one that has been dipped in the chlorella dispersion sol and then simply lifted up has a poor sol breakage with respect to the mesh as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b). In contrast, when the mesh is 5 mm, when the mesh is lifted from the sol and pressed from both sides and the sol is squeezed out, the eyes are crushed as shown in FIGS. It decreases considerably. Incidentally, for some reason, the 2% sodium alginate sol has a poorer sol-cut than the 4% sodium alginate, and has many portions where the eyes are collapsed. Further, when the mesh is expanded to 10 mm, the collapse of the eyes is eliminated as shown in FIGS. 1 (e) and 1 (f), and the gel is formed into a film along the yarn portion of the mesh, and at the intersection of the yarn. Are fixed to each ball. Moreover, the adhesion amount to the network is 1.08 g in the 2% sodium alginate sol, whereas it is 1.92 g in the 4% sodium alginate sol, which is substantially proportional to the concentration of sodium alginate. This shows that the amount of the direct carrier immobilized on the indirect carrier can be adjusted by the concentration.

The uptake action of nitrogen, phosphorus, etc. will be described. A mesh having a mesh size of about 15 mm and a side of 70 mm and a gel containing chlorella as described above is fixed to ammonia nitrogen and nitric acid, respectively. As a result of being immersed in 50 mL of water containing 10 ppm of state nitrogen and 1 ppm of phosphate phosphorus and maintaining at 23 ° C., as shown in FIG. 2, chlorella initially took in ammonia nitrogen and then took in nitrate nitrogen. It can be seen. Similarly, four baked pellets of about 10 mm each having a gel containing chlorella fixed on the surface were immersed in 50 mL of water containing 11 ppm nitrate nitrogen and 0.7 ppm phosphate phosphorus for 6 days, and the result of maintaining at 23 ° C. As shown in FIG. 3, as a result of using a commercially available pumice having an average particle size of about 10 mm instead of the calcined pellets, as shown in FIG. As compared with the conventional biological treatment apparatus, not only the number of days required for the treatment but also the volume of the apparatus is remarkably reduced.

For other confirmations, calcium alginate gel beads containing chlorella (diameter 2.7 mm, chlorella 0.53) were measured for about one month under running water of chlorella-encapsulated beads, and the bead diameter and chlorophyll content were measured at regular intervals. Then, the solubility of the beads was examined. As a result, the diameter and the amount of chlorella were hardly changed. In addition, the ability to absorb nitrate nitrogen was examined in advance for about 30 types of phytoplankton (particularly fine green algae). In other words, a small amount of each alga was added to a 500 ml medium (nitrate nitrogen 10 ppm, phosphate phosphorus 1 ppm) to examine the time course of nitrate nitrogen absorption with growth, and Chlorella vulgaris had the fastest absorption rate. Has been confirmed to have.

If the action effect of fixing the above phytoplankton to an indirect carrier via a gel-like direct carrier is arranged, it is very easy to fix the phytoplankton to the indirect carrier. As a sex plankton, it is possible to use a product grown in another culture medium. Preferably, it is concentrated and then directly treated with a gel, which is a carrier, at a desired density as described later. It can be brought into contact with the water and exert its high water purification ability. Secondly, the gel can be firmly fixed in a film form on an indirect carrier that is easy to place and stable in any shape, size, so that its water purification ability can be maximized without harming it. In addition, it can be held (placed) in a stable state so that it does not move inside the processing area or flow out of it.

That is, such a phytoplankton fixed to two carriers can be stably contacted with any treated water in any state, whether in a stationary state or in a circulating state, by making an apparatus as described later. It is possible to take environmental pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and arsenic as independent nutrient sources, show the maximum ability under the given conditions, take it into the body, and have high water quality immediately after installation (immersion in treated water) It is possible to exert the purification ability stably.

Thirdly, in fixing phytoplankton to an indirect carrier via a gel-like direct carrier, immersing the indirect carrier in the sol before gelation in which the phytoplankton is dispersed is compared with application by brush or spray. Thus, the spray sol can be very easily attached to the indirect carrier.

Fourth, calcium alginate gel is obtained very easily by contact with alginic acid or its sodium salt sol and calcium chloride (generally its aqueous solution), and calcium alginate gel containing phytoplankton is difficult to collapse, and phytoplankton is included. It is extremely excellent as a fixing agent for the direct carrier, and its indirect carrier, has high strength, and is not damaged by a normal flow of water. In addition, this calcium alginate gel is transparent and transmits light necessary for carbonic acid assimilation of phytoplankton, and is also used as a food additive, is harmless and does not cause secondary pollution.

Next, an example of a water purification apparatus in which the gel containing the phytoplankton is fixed to the surface of a net or a granular body as an indirect carrier will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is one in which a net is used as an indirect carrier. In order to suspend a rectangular net 1 in water, a plurality of floats 2 are provided on the upper side, and a plurality of weights 3 are provided on the lower side. At least one of the upper sides fixed by the support columns 4, 4, etc. may be placed on a lake or the like, and if possible, a plurality of pieces may be appropriately dispersed and placed. As a result, even in lakes and lakes where there is no water flow, water purification can be easily performed without providing a means for guiding water to a purification device installed at another position or returning it to its original position, as in the conventional example. Can be done.

In addition, although not shown in the figure, a plurality of such as crossing the net vertically or diagonally to the river, parallel to the flow of water, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, a partition wall 5b is provided on the center line of the raceway type aquaculture farm 5 along the peripheral wall 5a so as to cross the partition wall 5b and the peripheral wall 5a. It is also possible to stretch the net 1 so as to do so. Although not shown in the drawings, as in the conventional example, the above-described net may be incorporated into the purifier in various postures, for example, horizontally and vertically arranged in a plurality of stages, and vertically and horizontally arranged in a plurality of rows. .

The action and effect of such a water purification apparatus will be described. First, the gel fixed to the surface of the thread portion of the indirect carrier made of a net is a thin film, and is necessary for assimilation of water and nutrients including nutrient sources. Light can easily pass through and can take in environmental pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus and arsenic with high capacity. Secondly, the indirect carrier with the direct carrier fixed on the surface can be developed even in contact with the treated water in any posture such as horizontal, vertical, inclined, etc., at appropriate intervals and arranged in parallel. . If the mesh is small, the gel can be fixed to the entire surface in a state where the mesh of the mesh is crushed. In this case, the treated water cannot pass through the mesh, but the treated water is not meshed. Contact on both sides of the body.

Third, when fixing the direct carrier to the surface of the indirect carrier, in the above case, for example, when forming the former direct carrier, when immersing the latter indirect carrier in the sol before gelation, the indirect consisting of this network Even if the carrier is flexible, it can be easily deformed and transformed without hindrance, such as folding, folding, and roll winding, depending on the shape and size of the container containing the sol, even if it is large. Yes, the degree of freedom of immersion in the sol is high. Fourthly, the net made of twisted yarn obtained from natural products does not contain harmful components, has no hindrance to the growth of phytoplankton, and is easy to dispose of secondary pollution, unlike plastics. There is no risk of it happening.

Furthermore, a water purification device using at least one of a plate-like body, a rod-like body, and a granular body as an indirect carrier containing a gel containing the above phytoplankton will be described. It may be laid or deposited on the bottom of a lake ( As shown in FIG. 8, a water-permeable plate-like or rod-like bag 8 filled with a granular material may be suspended below the basket 7. In addition, 6 is a lake and 9 is an organic substance which generate | occur | produces nitrogen, phosphorus, etc. which accumulated on the bottom. In addition, as in the conventional example, any of these can be incorporated into the purification apparatus as a fixed bed, a stage column, a fluidized bed, or the like (not shown).

Each of the actions and effects will be described. At least on the surface of the indirect carrier made of any of these plates, rods, and granules, a gel containing phytoplankton is formed into a thin film like the net. Because it is fixed, water containing nutrient sources and light necessary for carbon dioxide assimilation can easily pass through, and the smaller the diameter of the rod-like body or granular body, the larger the specific surface area, nitrogen, Heavy metals such as phosphorus and arsenic can be incorporated. In addition, when fixing the direct carrier to the surface of the indirect carrier, these indirect carriers can also be immersed relatively freely in a sol before gelation in which phytoplankton is dispersed as described above, for example. As described above, a support or holding body may be necessary when contacting the treated water, but it can be deployed and placed relatively freely according to its shape and size.

It is a photograph which shows the external appearance of the network (indirect support | carrier) which fixed the gel (direct support | carrier) which included the phytoplankton of this invention. It is a graph which shows progress of the uptake | capture of nitrate nitrogen by the network similar to FIG. It is a graph which shows the progress of nitrogen and phosphorus uptake | capture by the baking pellet (indirect support | carrier) which fixed the gel (direct support | carrier) which included the phytoplankton of this invention. It is a graph which shows the progress of the uptake | capture of nitrogen by the pumice piece (indirect support | carrier) which fixed the gel (direct support | carrier) which included the phytoplankton of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the phytoplankton utilization water quality purification apparatus of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the 2nd example of the phytoplankton utilization water purification apparatus of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the 3rd example of the phytoplankton utilization water quality purification apparatus of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the 4th example of the phytoplankton utilization water quality purification apparatus of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows one of the prior art examples of a water purification apparatus. It is a principle figure which shows another one of the prior art examples of a water purification apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Net 2 Float 3 Heavy stone 4 Prop 5 Fish farm 5a Perimeter wall 5b Partition wall 6 Lake 7 Lake 8 Bag 9 Organic matter N1 Waste water N2 Digested layer N3 Nitrate nitrogen N4 Denitrification tank
N5 Wastewater N6 Single nitrogen P1 Wastewater P2 Electrolyzer P2a Iron electrode P3 Applied P4 Iron phosphate P5 Supernatant liquid

Claims (8)

A method of immobilizing phytoplankton on a carrier that takes in environmental pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and arsenic into a carrier, in which phytoplankton is dispersed in an arbitrary density, and the sol before gelation has an arbitrary shape and an arbitrary Characterized in that it is attached to a film of indirect carrier in the form of a film, and the sol attached to the film of the indirect carrier is gelled as a direct carrier containing phytoplankton and fixed to the indirect carrier. How to fix plankton to the carrier. The phytoplankton is dispersed, and the sol before gelation is attached to the indirect carrier in the form of a film, and the indirect carrier is immersed in the sol before gelation in which the phytoplankton is dispersed. Item 2. A method for fixing the phytoplankton according to Item 1 to a carrier. The method for immobilizing a phytoplankton on a carrier according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the direct carrier comprises a calcium alginate gel. A phytoplankton-based water purification device configured to bring phytoplankton that takes in environmental pollutants such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and arsenic into the body and contact with treated water in a state of being fixed to the carrier, including phytoplankton A phytoplankton-utilizing water purification apparatus, characterized in that the gel to be used is a direct carrier and the direct carrier is fixed to the indirect carrier in a film form. The phytoplankton water purification apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the gel containing the phytoplankton is a calcium alginate gel. The phytoplankton water purification apparatus according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the phytoplankton is a green alga, preferably chlorella. 7. The indirect carrier according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the indirect carrier is a mesh, preferably a flexible mesh, and more preferably a mesh made of twisted yarn obtained from a natural product. Phytoplankton water purification equipment. The phytoplankton water purification apparatus according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the indirect carrier is at least one of a plate-like body, a rod-like body, and a granular body.