JP2007186088A - Hybrid automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cooling means since a rotation transmission means of one way direction and an electric braking system are heat-generated in a device of considerably large output although it can be constituted such that an internal combustion engine is automatically cut off from a power system and energy diffused as heat in the internal combustion engine conventionally is recovered by electric braking when the vehicle has come into the state of so-called engine brake. <P>SOLUTION: A cooling liquid is fed from a first passage 11 provided on an upper part of a rotation shaft to the rotation shaft, is introduced to a second passage 12 provided around the rotation shaft and is fed from a third passage 13 axially penetrating through the inside of the shaft to the rotation transmission means 2 of one way direction. Further, the cooling liquid cools a rotor of an electric generator and a stator coil from a fourth passage 14 branched from the third passage. A structure for recovering the cooling liquid from a lower part of an inner side of a housing is provided. The recovered cooling liquid is filtered, pressurized and cooled in one system. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is used for a hybrid vehicle using both internal combustion engine power and electric power. In particular, the present invention relates to an electric rotating machine that is a unique element of a hybrid vehicle, and a cooling structure for a one-way rotation transmission means (one-way clutch) provided between the electric rotating machine and an internal combustion engine.

  The applicant of the present application manufactures and sells a hybrid vehicle equipped with a hybrid power unit having a basic structure as shown in FIG. In this structure, a multiphase AC motor generator 200 and a clutch 300 are mounted inside a flywheel housing provided between the internal combustion engine 100 and a transmission device 400 that transmits the output power. The hybrid power plant having this structure is an excellent device having a track record of production and sales. However, the rotary shaft of the internal combustion engine 100 and the rotary shaft of the motor generator 200 are inseparable in principle. That is, the rotor of the motor generator 200 always rotates integrally with the rotating shaft of the internal combustion engine 100.

  In the apparatus having this structure, the motor generator 200 is controlled to the generator mode when the running state of the vehicle is in the throttle deceleration mode when the flow rate of the fuel supplied to the internal combustion engine 100 is reduced according to the driving operation. The electric energy generated by the machine 200 can be regeneratively charged in the hybrid battery mounted on the vehicle. At the same time, however, the internal combustion engine 100 is in a so-called engine brake state, and a part of the inertial energy held by the traveling vehicle becomes heat in the internal combustion engine 100 and is radiated to the atmosphere. In order to reduce the energy radiated to the atmosphere, the applicant of the present application does not simply directly connect the rotation shaft of the internal combustion engine 100 and the rotation shaft of the motor generator 200, but a position indicated by hatching in FIG. In addition, a structure in which unidirectional rotation transmission means is provided has been proposed (see [Patent Document 1] below).

  The operation of the one-way rotation transmission means will be briefly described. In a state where the output shaft of the internal combustion engine 100 drives to rotate the rotation shaft of the motor generator 200, the one-way rotation transmission means is in a connected state. Yes, both rotating shafts are connected. However, the rotational driving force of the internal combustion engine 100 is reduced such that the accelerator pedal is released while the vehicle is traveling, and the rotational shaft of the motor generator 200 is forced to rotationally drive the rotational shaft of the internal combustion engine 100. When this happens, the one-way rotation transmitting means automatically enters a sliding state. In this state, the mechanically connected state between the rotating shaft of the internal combustion engine 100 and the rotating shaft of the motor generator 200 is released, and the rotating shaft of the internal combustion engine 100 is no longer loaded and is in a so-called idling state. With this structure, the internal combustion engine 100 is released from a state where the vehicle is decelerated. If necessary, the fuel supply to the internal combustion engine 100 can be stopped in this state. In vehicles with this structure, there is no so-called “engine / brake” condition, and the energy that was dissipated as thermal energy by mechanical friction during engine / brake is converted into electric energy in principle and used as a hybrid battery. It can be regenerated effectively. The simplest understanding of this unidirectional rotation transmission means is the so-called latitudinal mechanism.

JP2001-206084 (Hino) JP 2005-104242 (Honda) JP2004-100725 (Nissan) JP 6-38303 (Equus Research)

  The inventors of the present application have studied to realize the above-described method in a practical form. In particular, we studied the realization of this unidirectional rotation transmission means in a rational and practical form. In other words, the present inventors tried to carry out a freight vehicle having a maximum loading capacity of about 2 to 6 tons or a medium or large bus vehicle manufactured and sold by the applicant of the present application. For this purpose, a unidirectional rotation transmission means that can be used practically was designed, prototyped and tested. As a result, the conventional hybrid vehicle acts as an engine brake, and the energy corresponding to the amount of heat radiated from the cooling system of the internal combustion engine is converted into electric energy by the electric rotating machine. It was found that the current capacity increases and the generated Joule heat increases accordingly. It was also found that the corresponding frictional heat is generated when the unidirectional rotation transmission means is in a sliding state. It was also found that the heat generated by these two heat sources affected each other and the device temperature rose. The inventors of the present application test-measured how much heat is generated from these two heat sources in accordance with the running state of the vehicle and how much the apparatus temperature rises. Furthermore, it was also experienced that this one-way rotation transmission means was worn and worn powder was generated.

  Then, in order to suppress the heat generation phenomenon from the one-way rotation transmission means and the electric rotating machine to an acceptable level as a practical device, and using materials obtained at a reasonable price, In order to solve this in a compact form that can be mounted in a room, it is possible to cool the frictional heat generated from the one-way rotation transmission means and the Joule heat generated from the electric rotating machine with a cooling means. I came to think it was reasonable. Moreover, it was concluded that it is economical to install one cooling system for these two cooling objects in order to operate the cooling means in a vehicle.

  The term “electric rotating machine” as used herein includes both “generator”, “motor”, and “motor generator” that acts as a generator or an electric motor depending on its operation mode. That is, in the following description, particularly in the description of the embodiment apparatus, in accordance with the design of the vehicle manufactured and sold by the applicant of the present application, it will be described that a motor generator is mounted as an electric rotating machine together with a unidirectional rotation transmitting means. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention can be similarly applied to a structure in which a generator is mounted together with a unidirectional rotation transmission means or a structure in which an electric motor is mounted together with a unidirectional rotation transmission means. . The “unidirectional rotation transmission means” includes a “one-way clutch” as a practical device.

  That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a practical structure that can be implemented in a freight vehicle such as a truck with respect to the vehicle having the basic structure disclosed in the above-mentioned [Patent Document 1] by the applicant of the present invention. The present invention relates to an apparatus having a structure in which an electric rotating machine is connected to an output shaft of an internal combustion engine via a unidirectional rotation transmission means, which is constituted by a small volume and small weight apparatus, and further a small vehicle It is intended to apply to. An object of the present invention is to provide a device for reducing the heat generated by supplying lubricating oil to a sliding member and forcibly cooling a heat generating element when the unidirectional rotation transmission means is in a rotational sliding state. And It is another object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for rationally radiating and cooling Joule heat generated in a rotor when the electric rotating machine is electrically or mechanically driven. It is another object of the present invention to reduce the size and rationalize the cooling and lubrication mechanism by commonly cooling the heat generated by these two different causes with a single cooling system. An object of the present invention is to extend the life of an apparatus by removing generated abrasion powder when a unidirectional rotation transmission means is in a sliding state. It is an object of the present invention to provide a device that can reduce the energy dissipated by heat and recover as much electrical energy as possible. An object of the present invention is to further increase the energy efficiency of a hybrid vehicle for a freight vehicle such as a truck.

  The present invention is a hybrid vehicle structure, in a hybrid vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine, an electric rotating machine, a one-way clutch that connects an output rotating shaft of the internal combustion engine and a rotating shaft of the electric rotating machine, One coolant circulation system for commonly cooling the one-way clutch and the electric rotating machine is provided. Furthermore, it is desirable that the coolant circulation system has a structure in which a branch passage for supplying coolant to the one-way clutch and the electric rotating machine is provided inside the internal combustion engine block.

  The coolant circulation system is formed as a through-hole from the top of the stator housing (1) of the electric rotating machine, and a first passage (11) for supplying the cooling liquid to the rotating shaft (8) of the electric rotating machine, The cooling liquid formed in the shape of a circumferential groove along the surface of the rotating shaft (8) of the electric rotating machine and supplied from the first passage (11) is supplied to the surface of the rotating shaft (8) of the electric rotating machine and the rotating shaft ( 8) A second passage (12) that supplies the bearing (3) that supports the cooling fluid branched from the second passage (12) passes through the inside of the rotating shaft (8) of the electric rotating machine. A third passage (13, 13 ') for supplying the one-way clutch (5) and a coolant branched from the third passage (13) to the rotor (6) of the electric rotating machine. Four passages (14) and in the stator housing (1) by gravity The cooling liquid lower can be configured to include a coolant recovery passage for recovering (16) from the lower space.

  The coolant circulation system further pressurizes the coolant filter (10) through which the coolant recovered from the coolant recovery passage (16) is filtered, and the coolant that has passed through the coolant filter (10). An electric pump (17) and a coolant cooler (18) for cooling the coolant discharged from the output port of the electric pump (17) and supplying the coolant to the inlet of the first passage (11) are connected to the stator It can be set as the structure provided in the exterior of the housing (1).

  According to the present invention, it becomes possible to design a one-way rotation transmission means and a generator (or a motor generator) in a large size, and extremely reduce energy consumed by mechanical friction of the internal combustion engine when braking the vehicle. This can be effectively recovered as electrical energy that can be charged into the battery. In view of the recent improvement in battery technology and the need to increase the size of the battery in correspondence with the weight or form of the battery even if the generator is made larger, the form of the present invention is promising for the future. is there. With this structure, only one system of the coolant filter, the pump for pressurizing the coolant, and the coolant cooler can be mounted, and the structure of the coolant system can be simplified and made economical. From the results of the test, it was also found that the amount of oil supplied was automatically adjusted by utilizing the centrifugal force by rotating the device. Furthermore, from the test results, it was found that the friction powder generated by the unidirectional rotation transmission means can be effectively removed and the life of the apparatus can be extended.

  FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the principal part of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. The left end 101 in the figure is an output shaft of the internal combustion engine. The right end 301 in the figure is a clutch input plate. Although the clutch is attached here, the structure of the power transmission system after the clutch is not directly related to the present invention, so that the illustration is omitted. The output torque of the internal combustion engine is transmitted from the outer ring of the one-way clutch that rotates together with the output shaft 101 of the internal combustion engine to the inner ring 4 of the one-way clutch through the one-way clutch 5 as a one-way rotation transmission means. The A rotor 6 of a motor generator as an electric rotating machine is fixedly connected to the inner ring 4. And the rotor 6 of this motor generator is arrange | positioned so that the stator 7 of a motor generator may be opposed through a very small space | gap. The rotor of this motor generator is fixedly connected to the right clutch input shaft via a central shaft. The stator 7 of the motor generator is fixed to the stator housing 1. The stator housing 1 is fixed to a block of an internal combustion engine (not shown).

  FIG. 2 shows an explanatory view of the structure and operation of the one-way clutch. A large number of sprags are movably inserted between the inner ring and the outer ring around the central virtual axis. As shown in FIG. 2A, when the outer ring rotates to the right in the drawing with respect to the inner ring, the sprags rotate in the directions of the arrows to mechanically connect the outer ring and the inner ring. When the relative rotational speed of the outer ring and the inner ring changes and the inner ring rotates at a higher speed than the outer ring as shown in FIG. 2B, the positions of the sprags contacting the outer ring and the inner ring change, and the sprags and the inner and outer rings change according to the shape of the sprags. The friction between the inner ring and the outer ring is substantially released. In this state, friction is generated between the sprags and the inner and outer rings, and the one-way clutch generates heat. Since the structure of such a one-way clutch is known, further detailed explanation is omitted.

  Here, the feature of the present invention is that, referring back to FIG. 1, there is a structure in which a cooling liquid (which also serves as a lubricating liquid and an abrasion powder removing liquid) is supplied to the one-way clutch and the rotor of the electric rotating machine. More specifically, the cooling liquid is supplied from the upper end of the first passage 11 as indicated by a thick arrow. The lower end of the first passage 11 is connected to the second passage 12 formed in a groove shape around the input shaft of the clutch, and the coolant flows into the second passage from the first passage. A third passage 13 formed in the longitudinal direction in the central axis is formed at a target position with respect to the central axis (virtual axis) of the first passage 11 on the rotation shaft. The inflowing coolant flows into the third passage 13. The coolant in the third passage 13 is connected to a passage 13 ′ extended to the inner ring of the one-way clutch 4, and is branched into a fourth passage 14 to rotate together with the one-way clutch 5. It is supplied to the rotor 6.

  The motor generator rotor 6 rotates close to the motor generator stator 7 with a small gap. The coolant supplied to the rotor 6 of the motor generator is transferred to the stator 7 by the rotational centrifugal force, and the stator 7 is cooled. Then, the coolant flows along the inner wall of the motor generator housing and falls to the bottom, and is recovered from the recovery passage 16 to the coolant filter 10 via a pipe line (not shown). The outlet of the coolant filter 10 is supplied to an electric pump 17 that circulates the coolant and is pressurized here. The coolant sent to the outlet of the electric pump 17 is cooled by a coolant cooler 18 and circulated and supplied to the first passage 11 via a pipe line. The coolant filter 10, the electric pump 17, and the coolant cooler 18 may have a well-known structure.

  With the above structure, the one-way clutch 5, the motor generator rotor 6, and the motor generator stator 7 can be cooled in parallel in one coolant supply system. With this structure, a hybrid engine equipped with a one-way clutch with a small energy loss can be mounted on a freight vehicle such as a truck.

  By carrying out the present invention, it has been found that a hybrid engine equipped with a unidirectional rotation transmission means can be mounted on a smaller vehicle. As a result, the prospect of further increasing the thermal efficiency of the hybrid engine was obtained.

The cross-section figure of this invention Example apparatus. 1 is a structural diagram of a one-way clutch (unidirectional rotation transmission means) of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a structural diagram around an internal combustion engine implementing the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Stator-housing 2 Bearing (supports one-way clutch) 3 Bearing (supports motor generator rotation mechanism) 4 Inner ring (of one-way clutch) 5 One-way clutch 6 Rotor 7 Stator 8 Rotating shaft 10 Coolant filter 11 First passage 12 Second passage 13 Third passage 14 Fourth passage 15 Fifth passage 16 Coolant recovery passage 17 Electric pump 18 Coolant cooler

Claims (4)

In a hybrid vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine, an electric rotary machine, and a one-way clutch that connects an output rotary shaft of the internal combustion engine and a rotary shaft of the electric rotary machine,
A hybrid vehicle comprising a single coolant circulation system for commonly cooling the one-way clutch and the electric rotating machine.   The hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the coolant circulation system includes branch passages for supplying coolant to the one-way clutch and the electric rotating machine, respectively, inside the internal combustion engine block. The coolant circulation system is
A first passage (11) that is formed as a through-hole from the top of the stator housing (1) of the electric rotating machine and that supplies a coolant to the rotating shaft (8) of the electric rotating machine;
The cooling liquid formed in the shape of a circumferential groove along the surface of the rotating shaft (8) of the electric rotating machine and supplied from the first passage (11) is supplied to the surface of the rotating shaft (8) of the electric rotating machine and the rotating shaft ( A second passage (12) feeding the bearing (3) supporting 8);
A third passage (13, 13 ') for supplying the coolant branched from the second passage (12) through the rotary shaft (8) of the electric rotating machine to the one-way clutch (5); ,
A fourth passage (14) for supplying the coolant branched from the third passage (13) to the rotor (6) of the electric rotating machine;
The hybrid vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising: a coolant recovery passage (16) for recovering coolant that falls due to gravity into the stator housing (1) from a lower space thereof. The coolant circulation system further includes:
A coolant filter (10) for filtering the coolant recovered from the coolant recovery passageway (16);
An electric pump (17) for pressurizing the coolant that has passed through the coolant filter (10);
A coolant cooler (18) for cooling the coolant discharged from the output port of the electric pump (17) and supplying the coolant to the inlet of the first passage (11) is provided outside the stator housing (1). The hybrid vehicle according to claim 3 provided.

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