JP2007174900A - Dropper type battery voltage compensation apparatus - Google Patents

Dropper type battery voltage compensation apparatus Download PDF

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JP2007174900A
JP2007174900A JP2007079102A JP2007079102A JP2007174900A JP 2007174900 A JP2007174900 A JP 2007174900A JP 2007079102 A JP2007079102 A JP 2007079102A JP 2007079102 A JP2007079102 A JP 2007079102A JP 2007174900 A JP2007174900 A JP 2007174900A
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voltage
load
semiconductor switch
dropper
type battery
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JP4184410B2 (en
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Kunitoshi Tazume
國利 田爪
Takahisa Masashiro
尊久 正代
Koji Arai
幸次 新井
Keiichi Sato
啓一 佐藤
Takeshi Matsumura
毅 松村
Hirotaka Asami
浩隆 浅見
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Shindengen Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
Origin Electric Co Ltd
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
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Shindengen Electric Manufacturing Co Ltd
Origin Electric Co Ltd
Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To solve the problem in reliability as well as an apparatus size and cost rise with respect to the number of parts and circuit scale, because a conventional dropper type battery voltage compensation apparatus has a configuration in which an overdischarge prevention switch and dropper type battery voltage compensation apparatus are formed differently and these are connected in series. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus has a configuration in which a semiconductor switch is connected in series to a load, supply voltage to the load is divided by a resistor, a comparator compares the divided voltage with a reference voltage, the output is connected to a control electrode of the semiconductor switch, and the semiconductor switch is brought into a disconnection state when the accumulated voltage reaches the reference voltage. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、ニッケル水素電池等の蓄電池から負荷に電力供給する際に電池電圧を降圧して負荷に適した電圧に調整するためのドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a dropper-type battery voltage compensator for stepping down a battery voltage and adjusting it to a voltage suitable for the load when power is supplied from a storage battery such as a nickel metal hydride battery to the load.

従来は図２に示すように、蓄電池１の電圧が負荷２の許容最大電圧よりも大きい場合にドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置３’により蓄電池１の電圧を降圧し、負荷２の許容最大電圧以下の電圧にして電力供給していた。また、過放電防止スイッチ部４により蓄電池電圧Ｖｂを検出し、放電により蓄電池１の電圧が低下して放電終止電圧に達すると、過放電防止スイッチ４がオフすることにより蓄電池１の過放電を防止していた。このように従来は負荷への供給電圧調整と、過放電防止とは別個の部品、回路構成で行なっていた。このため、補償系全体の規模も大きくなり部品点数も増加し、従って信頼性低下の問題があった。   Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 2, when the voltage of the storage battery 1 is larger than the allowable maximum voltage of the load 2, the voltage of the storage battery 1 is stepped down by the dropper-type battery voltage compensator 3 ′, and the voltage is less than the allowable maximum voltage of the load 2. Power was supplied at a voltage. Moreover, when the storage battery voltage Vb is detected by the overdischarge prevention switch unit 4 and the voltage of the storage battery 1 decreases due to discharge and reaches the discharge end voltage, the overdischarge prevention switch 4 is turned off to prevent overdischarge of the storage battery 1. Was. As described above, conventionally, adjustment of the supply voltage to the load and prevention of overdischarge have been performed by separate components and circuit configurations. For this reason, the scale of the entire compensation system is increased, and the number of parts is increased.

以上述べたように、従来の構成では過放電防止スイッチ部４とドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置３’とは別個に形成され、直列に接続される構成となっていたため、部品点数、回路規模等の点で信頼性の低下および装置サイズ、コストの増加も問題となっていた。本発明は、このような問題を解決するためになされたものであり、信頼性が高く小型で低コストのドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置を提供することを目的としている。   As described above, in the conventional configuration, the overdischarge prevention switch unit 4 and the dropper-type battery voltage compensator 3 ′ are formed separately and connected in series. Therefore, the number of parts, circuit scale, etc. In this respect, a decrease in reliability and an increase in device size and cost have also been problems. The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a dropper type battery voltage compensator that is highly reliable, small, and low in cost.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の請求項１においては、蓄電池の電圧を負荷に適した電圧に降圧して負荷に電力供給するドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置において、負荷に直列に接続された半導体スイッチと、前記負荷の電圧を直列接続された第１及び第２の抵抗により分圧され、前記分圧された電圧を基準電圧源と比較するコンパレータと、を備え、前記半導体スイッチの制御用電極と前記コンパレータとが接続され、前記蓄電池の電圧が基準電圧に達した時に前記半導体スイッチを遮断状態にするドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置について規定している。   In order to achieve the above object, according to claim 1 of the present invention, in a dropper type battery voltage compensator for supplying voltage to a load by reducing the voltage of the storage battery to a voltage suitable for the load, the voltage is connected in series to the load. A semiconductor switch; and a comparator that divides the voltage of the load by first and second resistors connected in series and compares the divided voltage with a reference voltage source, for controlling the semiconductor switch A dropper-type battery voltage compensator is defined in which an electrode is connected to the comparator and the semiconductor switch is turned off when the voltage of the storage battery reaches a reference voltage.

請求項２においては、請求項１に記載のドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置において、前記蓄電池の電圧が放電終止電圧に達した時に、前記半導体スイッチの制御用電極の駆動電圧が一定値を下回ると前記半導体スイッチを遮断状態にするドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置について規定している。   According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the dropper type battery voltage compensator according to the first aspect, when the drive voltage of the control electrode of the semiconductor switch falls below a certain value when the voltage of the storage battery reaches the end-of-discharge voltage, It defines a dropper type battery voltage compensator that turns off a semiconductor switch.

請求項３においては、請求項１に記載のドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置において、前記蓄電池の電圧が前記負荷の許容最大電圧よりも高くなると、電池電圧を降圧し、前記蓄電池の電圧が前記負荷の許容最大電圧よりも低く放電終止電圧より高いと、前記蓄電池の電圧と同じ電圧が前記負荷に供給され、前記蓄電池の電圧が放電終止電圧に達した時に前記半導体スイッチを遮断状態にするドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置について規定している。   According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the dropper-type battery voltage compensator according to the first aspect, when the voltage of the storage battery becomes higher than an allowable maximum voltage of the load, the battery voltage is stepped down, and the voltage of the storage battery is reduced to the load. When the voltage is lower than the maximum allowable voltage and higher than the discharge end voltage, the same voltage as that of the storage battery is supplied to the load, and when the storage battery voltage reaches the discharge end voltage, the dropper type battery that shuts off the semiconductor switch The voltage compensation device is specified.

請求項４においては、蓄電池の電圧を負荷に適した電圧に降圧して前記負荷に電力供給するドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置において、負荷に直列に接続された半導体スイッチと、前記負荷の電圧を直列接続された第１および第２の抵抗により分圧され、前記分圧された電圧と第１の基準電圧とを比較して誤差信号を出力する差動増幅器と、前記差動増幅器の出力を前記半導体スイッチの制御用電極に接続することにより、前記半導体スイッチの両端電圧を変化させる手段とを備えたドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置について規定している。   According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dropper-type battery voltage compensator for reducing the voltage of a storage battery to a voltage suitable for a load and supplying electric power to the load, a semiconductor switch connected in series with the load, and the voltage of the load in series A differential amplifier that is divided by the first and second resistors connected, compares the divided voltage with a first reference voltage, and outputs an error signal; A dropper type battery voltage compensator having means for changing the voltage across the semiconductor switch by connecting to the control electrode of the semiconductor switch is defined.

請求項５においては、請求項４に記載のドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置において、前記分圧された電圧を第２の基準電圧と比較するコンパレータと、前記コンパレータ出力と前記差動増幅器の出力とを乗算する乗算器と、を備え、
前記乗算器出力は前記半導体スイッチの制御用電極に接続されているドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置について規定している。 According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the dropper-type battery voltage compensator according to the fourth aspect, a comparator that compares the divided voltage with a second reference voltage, a comparator output, and an output of the differential amplifier. A multiplier for multiplying, and
The multiplier output defines a dropper battery voltage compensator connected to the control electrode of the semiconductor switch.

以上述べたように本発明によれば、ドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置に蓄電池の過放電防止スイッチの機能を持たせることができるため新たに過放電防止スイッチを設置する必要がなく、信頼性が高く小型で低コストのドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置を提供することができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, since the dropper type battery voltage compensator can be provided with the function of the overdischarge prevention switch of the storage battery, there is no need to newly install an overdischarge prevention switch, and the reliability is high. A small and low cost dropper type battery voltage compensator can be provided.

以下図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態例を詳細に説明する。図１は、本発明の実施の形態例のドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置３の構成を示す回路構成図である。図中、１は蓄電池、２は負荷、３はドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置、３１は半導体スイッチ、３２、３３は抵抗、３４は乗算器、３５は差動増幅器、３６、３８は基準電圧源、３７はコンパレータである。   Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a circuit configuration diagram showing a configuration of a dropper type battery voltage compensator 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a storage battery, 2 is a load, 3 is a dropper type battery voltage compensator, 31 is a semiconductor switch, 32 and 33 are resistors, 34 is a multiplier, 35 is a differential amplifier, 36 and 38 are reference voltage sources, Reference numeral 37 denotes a comparator.

本発明による実施の形態例のドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置３の動作を、図１を参照しながら以下に説明する。差動増幅器３５は、負荷２に印加される電圧を抵抗３２、３３で分圧した電圧を基準電圧源３６と比較し、誤差信号を出力する。コンパレータ３７は、負荷２に印加される電圧を上記と同じ抵抗３２、３３で分圧した電圧を非反転側の入力端子に印加し、基準電圧源３８を反転点側の入力端子に印加してこれら両電圧を比較し、基準電圧源３８の方が小さい時は、すなわち電池電圧が高くなった場合、論理“１”を出力し、基準電圧源３８のほうが大きい時は、すなわち電池電圧が小さくなった場合、論理“０”を出力する。乗算器３４は、差動増幅器３５の出力信号とコンパレータ３７の出力信号を乗算して半導体スイッチ３１の駆動電圧、すなわちゲート電圧として出力する。半導体スイッチ３１では、駆動電圧が高いほどドレイン・ソース間電圧が減少し、駆動電圧が閾値以上に達するとドレイン・ソース間電圧は約０．３Ｖ程度の一定値となる。また、駆動電圧が一定値を下回ると半導体スイッチ３１は遮断状態となる。   The operation of the dropper type battery voltage compensator 3 according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. The differential amplifier 35 compares a voltage obtained by dividing the voltage applied to the load 2 by the resistors 32 and 33 with the reference voltage source 36, and outputs an error signal. The comparator 37 applies a voltage obtained by dividing the voltage applied to the load 2 by the same resistors 32 and 33 to the non-inverting input terminal, and applies a reference voltage source 38 to the inverting point input terminal. When these two voltages are compared, when the reference voltage source 38 is smaller, that is, when the battery voltage becomes higher, a logic “1” is output, and when the reference voltage source 38 is larger, that is, the battery voltage is smaller. When this happens, logic “0” is output. The multiplier 34 multiplies the output signal of the differential amplifier 35 and the output signal of the comparator 37, and outputs the result as the drive voltage of the semiconductor switch 31, that is, the gate voltage. In the semiconductor switch 31, the higher the driving voltage, the lower the drain-source voltage. When the driving voltage reaches a threshold value or more, the drain-source voltage becomes a constant value of about 0.3V. Further, when the drive voltage falls below a certain value, the semiconductor switch 31 enters a cut-off state.

充電により蓄電池１の電圧が負荷２の許容最大電圧よりも高くなると、差動増幅器３５は反転増幅の接続としているために出力信号が低くなり、コンパレータ３７の出力信号は論理“１”であるため半導体スイッチ３１の駆動電圧が低くなる。駆動電圧の低下により半導体スイッチ３１は電池電圧をドレイン・ソース間電圧分だけ降圧することにより負荷の許容最大電圧以下の電圧を負荷に供給することができるようになる。   When the voltage of the storage battery 1 becomes higher than the allowable maximum voltage of the load 2 due to charging, the output signal becomes low because the differential amplifier 35 is connected to inversion amplification, and the output signal of the comparator 37 is logic “1”. The drive voltage of the semiconductor switch 31 is lowered. As the drive voltage decreases, the semiconductor switch 31 can supply a voltage below the allowable maximum voltage of the load to the load by reducing the battery voltage by the drain-source voltage.

放電により、蓄電池１の電圧が負荷２の許容最大電圧よりも低くなると差動増幅器３５の出力信号が高くなりコンパレータ３７の出力信号は論理“１”になるので半導体スイッチ３１の駆動電圧が高くなる。この駆動電圧の上昇により半導体スイッチ３１は飽和領域で動作するため、負荷２には蓄電池１の電圧とほぼ同じ電圧（約０．３Ｖ程度低い電圧）が供給される。 放電により蓄電池１の電圧がさらに低下し、放電終止電圧に達すると、基準電圧源３８の電圧を放電終止電圧と等しくしておけばコンパレータ３７の出力信号が論理“０”となり、半導体スイッチ３１の駆動電圧が遮断電圧以下となるため半導体スイッチ３１は遮断状態となる。これにより、蓄電池１の過放電が防止される。   When the voltage of the storage battery 1 becomes lower than the allowable maximum voltage of the load 2 due to discharge, the output signal of the differential amplifier 35 becomes high and the output signal of the comparator 37 becomes logic “1”, so that the drive voltage of the semiconductor switch 31 becomes high. . Since the semiconductor switch 31 operates in the saturation region due to the increase of the drive voltage, the load 2 is supplied with a voltage almost the same as the voltage of the storage battery 1 (a voltage lower by about 0.3 V). When the voltage of the storage battery 1 further decreases due to the discharge and reaches the end-of-discharge voltage, the output signal of the comparator 37 becomes logic “0” if the voltage of the reference voltage source 38 is made equal to the end-of-discharge voltage. Since the drive voltage is equal to or lower than the cut-off voltage, the semiconductor switch 31 is cut off. Thereby, the overdischarge of the storage battery 1 is prevented.

本発明の実施形態例のドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置の構成を示す回路図。The circuit diagram which shows the structure of the dropper type battery voltage compensation apparatus of the embodiment of this invention. 従来のドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置を用いた蓄電池−負荷系の構成を示すブロック図。The block diagram which shows the structure of the storage battery-load system using the conventional dropper type battery voltage compensation apparatus.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１…蓄電池
２…負荷
３、３’…ドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置、
３１…半導体スイッチ
３２、３３…抵抗、
３４…乗算器、
３５…差動増幅器
３６、３８…基準電圧源
３７…コンパレータ。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Storage battery 2 ... Load 3, 3 '... Dropper type battery voltage compensation apparatus,
31 ... Semiconductor switch 32, 33 ... Resistance,
34 ... multiplier,
35 ... Differential amplifier 36, 38 ... Reference voltage source 37 ... Comparator.

Claims (5)

蓄電池の電圧を負荷に適した電圧に降圧して負荷に電力供給するドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置において、
負荷に直列に接続された半導体スイッチと、
前記負荷の電圧を直列接続された第１及び第２の抵抗により分圧され、前記分圧された電圧を基準電圧源と比較するコンパレータと、を備え、
前記半導体スイッチの制御用電極と前記コンパレータとが接続され、
前記蓄電池の電圧が基準電圧に達した時に前記半導体スイッチを遮断状態にすることを特徴とするドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置。 In a dropper type battery voltage compensator for reducing the voltage of a storage battery to a voltage suitable for the load and supplying power to the load,
A semiconductor switch connected in series with the load;
A comparator for dividing the voltage of the load by first and second resistors connected in series, and comparing the divided voltage with a reference voltage source;
The control electrode of the semiconductor switch and the comparator are connected,
A dropper-type battery voltage compensator, wherein the semiconductor switch is turned off when the voltage of the storage battery reaches a reference voltage. 請求項１に記載のドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置において、
前記蓄電池の電圧が放電終止電圧に達した時に、前記半導体スイッチの制御用電極の駆動電圧が一定値を下回ると前記半導体スイッチを遮断状態にすることを特徴とするドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置。 The dropper-type battery voltage compensator according to claim 1,
When the voltage of the storage battery reaches the discharge end voltage, the dropper type battery voltage compensator is configured to turn off the semiconductor switch when the drive voltage of the control electrode of the semiconductor switch falls below a certain value. 請求項１に記載のドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置において、
前記蓄電池の電圧が前記負荷の許容最大電圧よりも高くなると、電池電圧を降圧し、前記蓄電池の電圧が前記負荷の許容最大電圧よりも低く放電終止電圧より高いと、前記蓄電池の電圧と同じ電圧が前記負荷に供給され、前記蓄電池の電圧が放電終止電圧に達した時に前記半導体スイッチを遮断状態にすることを特徴とするドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置。 The dropper-type battery voltage compensator according to claim 1,
When the voltage of the storage battery becomes higher than the allowable maximum voltage of the load, the battery voltage is reduced, and when the voltage of the storage battery is lower than the allowable maximum voltage of the load and higher than the discharge end voltage, the same voltage as the voltage of the storage battery Is supplied to the load, and the semiconductor switch is turned off when the voltage of the storage battery reaches the discharge end voltage. 蓄電池の電圧を負荷に適した電圧に降圧して前記負荷に電力供給するドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置において、
負荷に直列に接続された半導体スイッチと、
前記負荷の電圧を直列接続された第１および第２の抵抗により分圧され、前記分圧された電圧と第１の基準電圧とを比較して誤差信号を出力する差動増幅器と、
前記差動増幅器の出力を前記半導体スイッチの制御用電極に接続することにより、前記半導体スイッチの両端電圧を変化させる手段とを備えたことを特徴とするドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置。 In a dropper type battery voltage compensator for reducing the voltage of a storage battery to a voltage suitable for a load and supplying power to the load,
A semiconductor switch connected in series with the load;
A differential amplifier that divides the voltage of the load by first and second resistors connected in series, compares the divided voltage with a first reference voltage, and outputs an error signal;
A dropper-type battery voltage compensator comprising: means for changing a voltage across the semiconductor switch by connecting an output of the differential amplifier to a control electrode of the semiconductor switch. 請求項４に記載のドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置において、
前記分圧された電圧を第２の基準電圧と比較するコンパレータと、
前記コンパレータ出力と前記差動増幅器の出力とを乗算する乗算器と、を備え、
前記乗算器出力は前記半導体スイッチの制御用電極に接続されていることを特徴とするドロッパ型電池電圧補償装置。 The dropper-type battery voltage compensator according to claim 4,
A comparator that compares the divided voltage with a second reference voltage;
A multiplier for multiplying the output of the comparator by the output of the differential amplifier,
The dropper-type battery voltage compensator according to claim 1, wherein the multiplier output is connected to a control electrode of the semiconductor switch.
JP2007079102A 2007-03-26 2007-03-26 Dropper type battery voltage compensator Expired - Lifetime JP4184410B2 (en)

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