JP2007166367A - Exciting speaker and exciting magnet - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an exciting speaker which can attain high sound quality/high efficiency by using an exciting magnet. <P>SOLUTION: The speaker comprises the exciting magnet which includes an exciting coil, a center pole, a magnetic pole yoke, and a top plate; a voice coil arranged in a magnetic gap of a magnetic circuit consisting of the exciting magnet; and a diaphragm which can vibrate while being connected to the voice coil, with the peripheral edge of the voice coil fixed to a frame. The exciting coil is made by tightly winding a square wire with no space left between the adjacent turns to improve the effectiveness of the dominant area of the cross section of the exciting coil and thereby increase the current density and the magnetic flux density, which leads to the reduction in resistance of the exciting coil. Since a heat loss and self-generation of heat are suppressed due to the reduction in resistance of the exciting coil, the speaker is quite effective in terms of saving energy. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a speaker and a speaker magnet, and more particularly to an excitation speaker capable of low input and high sound output by a combination of an excitation magnet and a lightweight diaphragm, and an excitation magnet for the speaker.

  Conventionally, as an audible frequency speaker, many improvements have been made to the configuration of magnets, diaphragms, etc. in order to increase the efficiency and fidelity of reproduced sound. Although there is no change in the structure to obtain the reproduced sound by causing the diaphragm to vibrate by passing an audio signal current through the voice coil connected to the diaphragm in the magnetic circuit used, high efficiency and high fidelity of the above reproduced sound In order to achieve the goal of making it easier, the development of better materials for each component of the speaker was one of the important issues.

  The most commonly used speaker for music playback, voice playback, etc. is a type that vibrates a cone-shaped diaphragm using a voice coil and a magnet employing a permanent magnet. In order to obtain a speaker capable of reproducing sound with high fidelity, a high magnetic flux density is required, and so far, much effort has been made to develop a strong permanent magnet capable of obtaining a high magnetic flux density. It was. However, in order to achieve the objectives of increasing the efficiency and fidelity of the reproduced sound, a speaker magnet that still has a sufficiently high magnetic flux density has not been realized.

  On the other hand, some of the earliest speakers used excitation type magnets were used in audio equipment such as radios and record players. However, with the development of powerful permanent magnets, most excitation type speakers have disappeared. It was. However, recently, in order to obtain a powerful speaker magnet without causing an increase in weight and volume, the excitation type magnet has been reviewed, and a superconducting coil has been adopted as the excitation coil to obtain a high magnetic flux density. A speaker has also been developed (see Patent Document 1).

  FIG. 1 shows an example of a moving coil type speaker using a conventional magnet. In this speaker device 100, an annular magnet 104 is disposed on an upper portion of a pole magnetic pole yoke 106, and an annular magnet 104 is disposed on an upper portion of the annular magnet 104. A plate 105 is disposed to form a magnetic circuit 107.

  In the magnetic gap 107a of the magnetic circuit 107, a voice coil 102 wound around the end of a voice coil bobbin 103 fixed to the central hole of the cone-shaped diaphragm 101 is disposed. Further, a cap 113 is provided in the central hole portion, and the outer peripheral portion of the cone-shaped diaphragm 101 is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the frame 112 through the edge 108.

  Further, the central portion of the cone-shaped diaphragm 101 is supported by the frame 112 via a damper 109. Thereby, the cone-shaped diaphragm 101, the voice coil 102, and the voice coil bobbin 103 are integrated to vibrate in the direction of the central axis X of the speaker device 100.

When the drive signal applied to the input terminal 110 provided on the frame 112 is supplied to the voice coil 102 via the lead wire 111, the voice coil 102 generates magnetic flux according to the drive signal, and the magnetic circuit An electromagnetic driving force is received by the interaction with the magnetic field of the magnetic gap 107a of the 107, whereby the cone-shaped vibrating body 101 vibrates in the direction of the central axis X of the speaker device 100, and sound corresponding to the input driving signal is reproduced. Is done.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 01-101796

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to realize a high magnetic flux density that could not be obtained in the prior art by using an excitation type magnet, and to apply such an excitation type magnet to a speaker. In the prior art using the permanent magnet as described above, the magnet is inevitably enlarged to increase the magnetic flux density, and various problems such as weight and volume have occurred during use.

  The loudspeaker according to the present invention is a square wire based on new knowledge in an exciting magnet in order to obtain a strong magnetic flux density for achieving the object without increasing the size of the magnet and magnetic pole yoke constituting the magnetic circuit. By adopting a coil wound with a coil, the coil winding cross-sectional area is increased, and the efficiency in the space for incorporating the exciting coil is changed from the efficiency of the round wire to 66.6% to the efficiency of the square wire: 99. By improving to 9%, we realized a high magnetic flux density that could not be achieved with the excitation magnets of the conventional technology, and have never experienced before with high efficiency and high resolution and extremely transparent feeling. It is characterized by obtaining playback sound.

  The exciting coil wound with a true square wire, which is a feature of the present invention, is closely wound with a square wire so as not to generate a gap between adjacent windings. Compared to an excitation coil with many gaps between adjacent lines, the wire density can be increased, and the effectiveness of the area occupied by the cross-section of the wound square wire excitation coil is round. Compared to the above, it was theoretically possible to improve 1.27 times, and the total magnetic flux energy could be improved in proportion to this. In addition, the area occupied by the cross-sectional area of the exciting coil can be increased by 27%, thereby reducing the space of the exciting coil and increasing the power of the exciting magnetic flux. When compared with, a remarkable effect that the resistance value decreases by 15 to 20% or more can be obtained, and a strong magnetic flux can be obtained. In addition, since the resistance value of the exciting coil is reduced, it is possible to suppress heat loss and self-heating, so that an excellent operational effect can be obtained from the viewpoint of energy saving.

  In addition to the improvement of these excitation type magnets, in the present invention, the voice coil bobbin made of Gambi Japanese paper is fixed to the central hole portion of the cone-shaped diaphragm made of hand-made Kozo Japanese paper having a substantially conical shape to reduce the weight of the vibration system. By bringing the compliance of the vibration system close to the optimum state, it becomes possible to further improve the fidelity of the reproduced sound, and by combining this vibration system with the excitation type magnet of the present invention, it is more than expected. According to the present invention, for example, a single speaker having a diameter of 16.51 cm (6.5 inches) can be used to reproduce beyond the sound range of a conventional 2-way or 3-way speaker system. I was able to realize the sound.

  An embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an excitation type speaker according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of an excitation coil using a round wire, FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of an excitation coil using a square wire of the present invention, and FIG. Is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the excitation type magnet of the present invention, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the excitation type magnet of the present invention, and FIG. 7 is an excitation using the square coil of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the measurement results of the frequency characteristics of the reproduced sound using an excitation type speaker employing a round wire coil.

  In the excitation type speaker according to the present invention, an excitation coil is wound around a central cylindrical center pole piece, and a magnetic gap is formed between the center pole piece and a magnetic gap on the outside of the center pole piece. An annular top plate and a magnetic pole yoke constituting the circuit are included. The center center pole piece is excited by a direct current supplied from a direct current power source to an exciting coil.

  In FIG. 2, 1 is a center pole piece, 2 is an exciting coil, 3 is a magnetic pole yoke, 4 is a top plate, 13 is a frame base attached to the top plate, 5 is a magnetic gap between the center pole piece and the top plate, Reference numeral 6 denotes a voice coil, 7 denotes a voice coil bobbin, 8 denotes a cone diaphragm coupled to the voice coil bobbin, and 9 denotes a damper disposed between the cone diaphragm and the frame 10.

  As shown in FIG. 4, a partial cross section of the exciting coil 2 of the present invention is obtained by closely winding a square wire so as not to generate a gap between adjacent windings. It is understood that the electric wire density is dramatically increased as compared with the case where the exciting coil in which the conventional round wire shown is densely wound has many gaps between adjacent wires. That is, the exciting coil wound with the square wire of the present invention theoretically has 1.27 times the effectiveness of the occupied area of the cross-sectional area compared with the example coil wound with the conventional round wire of FIG. The total magnetic flux energy can be increased in proportion to this. In addition, the effective area of the exciting coil's cross-sectional area enables space saving of the exciting coil (27% increase in space factor) and power up of the exciting magnetic flux, compared with a round wire of the same size. When the resistance value is reduced by 15 to 20% or more, a strong magnetic flux can be obtained, and since the resistance value of the exciting coil is reduced, it is possible to suppress heat loss and self-heating. Is also effective.

  In the exciting coil of the present invention, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 4, since a square wire is tightly wound so as not to generate a gap between adjacent wires, the exciting current density can be dramatically increased. In addition, in combination with the skin effect of the current flowing in the excitation coil, it has become possible to form an extremely efficient excitation magnet for a speaker. In the present invention, it has become possible to realize a high magnetic flux density in an excitation type magnet that could not be achieved by a magnet using a permanent magnet or an excitation type magnet using a round wire excitation coil.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, in addition to the use of the exciting coil by a square wire, the magnetic pole as a magnet is further improved by using a permendur for the center pole piece, the annular top plate and the magnetic pole yoke constituting the magnetic circuit. As a result, it was possible to obtain an ideal excitation type magnet as a speaker magnet.

  5 and 6 show another embodiment of the exciting magnet of the present invention. The exciting magnet shown in FIG. 5 has a magnetic pole yoke composed of a cylindrical part 3-1 and a disk-like part 3-2. Thus, there is an advantage that the magnetic pole yoke can be easily manufactured. Further, the excitation type magnet of FIG. 6 is formed by integrally forming the center pole 1 and the magnetic pole yoke 3, and can reduce the leakage flux as much as possible and reduce the magnetic resistance by reducing the seam of the magnetic path. This has the effect of increasing the efficiency of the excitation type gnet.

  In addition to the improvement of these excitation type magnets, in the present invention, a voice coil made of a thin square wire or a round copper wire is wound around a magnetic gap formed in the magnetic circuit of the excitation type magnet. The voice coil bobbin made of Gambi Japanese paper is positioned, and this voice coil bobbin is fixed to the central hole part of the cone-shaped diaphragm made of hand-made Kozo Japanese paper with a substantially conical shape to reduce the weight of the vibration system, thereby ensuring the best compliance. It was possible to further improve the fidelity of the reproduced sound by bringing it closer to the above state, and by combining it with the excitation type magnet of the present invention, it was possible to achieve a sound reproduction effect that was more than expected.

  It is possible to reproduce the full range of sound range by combining the handmade Japanese paper cone diaphragm of the present invention with a Gambi Japanese paper sub-cone and a dome-shaped cap made of pure gold, tin or aluminum thin plate. According to the present invention, it is possible to realize reproduced sound that exceeds the sound range of the conventional 2-way and 3-way speaker system by using a single speaker having a diameter of 16.51 cm (6.5 inches).

(Measurement result)
FIGS. 7 and 8 show the results of measuring the frequency characteristics of the reproduced sound by the excitation type speaker using the square coil and the excitation type speaker using the round wire coil of the present invention.
(Comparison conditions)
1) Use the same components for the magnetic circuit other than the excitation coil. 2) Excitation voltage: 12V
3) Gauss meter used: “HGM3000O” manufactured by UDS Co., Ltd.

(Measurement result)
1) Magnetic flux density-When using a square wire
Excitation voltage 12V
Magnetic flux density 15500 Gauss
・ When using round wires
Excitation voltage 12V
Magnetic flux density 14200 gauss 2) Reproduction frequency ・ When using a square wire
See Figure 7
・ When using round wires
See Fig. 8 3) Viewing results Difference in viewing when using a true square line versus using a round line When using the true square line of the present invention, efficiency is improved and resolution is much better than when using a round line. As a result, it became possible to distinguish even the good and bad parts of the amplifier power supply, and as a result, the power supply environment of the amplifier itself had to be improved. As a result of viewing again after improving the power supply environment of the amplifier power supply, the excitation type speaker using the true square wire of the present invention resonates with a playback sound that has never been experienced, and the amount of musical sound information is It was a touching thing.

  The difference in the audition result based on the significant difference in the measurement result can be easily recognized from FIGS. 7 and 8 showing the reproduction frequency characteristics of both. That is, in FIG. 7 using the square coil of the present invention, the reproducible sound is noticeably extended at high and low frequencies compared to that of FIG. 8 using the round wire coil, and the frequency band It is also clear from the overall improvement of several decibels.

  In addition, the speaker of this invention is not limited to embodiment mentioned above, A suitable deformation | transformation, improvement, etc. are possible. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the cone-shaped speaker device has been described, but the present invention can be similarly applied to a dome-shaped speaker device.

Sectional drawing which shows the conventional speaker apparatus. Sectional drawing of the excitation type speaker using the excitation type magnet concerning this invention. The fragmentary sectional view of the exciting coil which wound the round wire densely. The fragmentary sectional view of the exciting coil which wound the square wire of this invention closely. Sectional drawing which shows the other Example of the excitation type magnet of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the further another Example of the excitation type magnet of this invention. The figure which shows the measurement result of the frequency characteristic of the reproduction | regeneration sound by the excitation type speaker employ | adopted the square wire coil of this invention. The figure which shows the measurement result of the frequency characteristic of the reproduction | regeneration sound with the excitation type speaker employ | adopted a round wire coil.

Explanation of symbols

1 Center pole 2 Excitation coil
3 Magnetic pole yoke 4 Top plate 5 Magnetic gap 6 Voice coil 7 Voice coil bobbin 8 Vibration plate 9 Damper 10 Frame (housing)
11 Subcone 12 Dome-shaped diaphragm 13 Frame base

Claims (12)

Winding an excitation magnet consisting of a center pole piece, excitation coil, magnetic pole yoke and top plate, a frame attached to the top plate, and a voice coil movably arranged in the magnetic gap between the center pole piece and the top plate In an excitation type speaker comprising a voice coil bobbin, a cone diaphragm coupled to the voice coil bobbin, and a damper disposed between the cone diaphragm and the frame,
An excitation type speaker, wherein the exciting coil is formed by closely winding a square wire so as not to generate a gap between adjacent wires.   2. The excitation type speaker according to claim 1, wherein a voice coil bobbin around which the voice coil is wound and a cone diaphragm coupled to the voice coil bobbin are formed of Japanese paper.   3. The excitation type speaker according to claim 1, wherein a voice coil bobbin around which the voice coil is wound is made of Gambi Japanese paper, and a cone diaphragm coupled to the voice coil bobbin is made of Kozo Japanese paper.   3. The excitation type speaker according to claim 1, wherein a full-range sound range can be reproduced by connecting a Japanese paper sub-cone and a dome-shaped diaphragm to the cone diaphragm.   5. The excitation type speaker according to claim 4, wherein the sub-cone is made of Gambi Japanese paper, and the dome-shaped diaphragm is formed of a pure gold thin plate.   5. The excitation type speaker according to claim 4, wherein the dome-shaped diaphragm is formed of a thin tin plate.   5. The excitation type speaker according to claim 4, wherein the dome-shaped diaphragm is formed of an aluminum thin plate.   The excitation type speaker according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the voice coil is formed by winding a square wire around a voice coil bobbin. In an excitation magnet for a speaker having a center pole piece, an excitation coil, a magnetic pole yoke and a top plate arranged around the center pole piece,
An excitation-type magnet for a speaker, wherein a copper wire having a square cross section is wound closely around a center pole piece so as not to generate a gap between adjacent wires in the winding of the excitation coil.   10. The excitation type magnet for a speaker according to claim 9, wherein a permendur is used for at least one of the center pole piece, the magnetic pole yoke and the top plate.   10. The speaker excitation magnet according to claim 9, wherein the magnetic pole yoke is formed of a cylindrical portion and a disk-shaped portion. The speaker excitation magnet according to claim 9, wherein the center pole piece and the magnetic pole yoke are integrally formed.

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