JP2007155495A - Investigation method of underground contamination - Google Patents
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Abstract
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本発明は、地中にいわゆる水平井戸を形成する水平削孔システムを用いて、地中内の汚染物質の存在位置を調査する地中汚染調査方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an underground contamination investigation method for investigating the existence position of contaminants in the ground using a horizontal drilling system that forms a so-called horizontal well in the ground.
近年、地中への汚染物質の拡散が問題視され、汚染の蓋然性が高い汚染可能区域での汚染調査が実施されつつある。この汚染調査は、具体的には、中空削孔管を用いて地面に対し垂直方向(地面深さ方向)にボーリングを行いこのボーリングによって採取された中空削孔管内の試料を分析する方法があり、また、中空削孔管の先端部に吸引孔を設けて地中に存在する空気や流体を吸引しこの吸引された試料を分析する方法がある(例えば特許文献1)。 In recent years, the diffusion of pollutants into the ground has been regarded as a problem, and pollution investigations are being carried out in pollutable areas where the probability of contamination is high. Specifically, this contamination investigation includes a method of drilling in a direction perpendicular to the ground (in the depth direction of the ground) using a hollow bore tube and analyzing the sample in the hollow bore tube collected by this borehole. Also, there is a method of analyzing the sucked sample by providing a suction hole at the tip of the hollow drilled tube and sucking air and fluid existing in the ground (for example, Patent Document 1).
更に、汚染調査の別の方法として、地面に対し垂直方向に立井戸を形成し、この立井戸の異なる深さ数箇所からその立井戸を中心に放射方向に複数の水平井戸を形成し調査用試料を採取する方法がある(例えば特許文献2)。
しかしながら、上述の地面に対し垂直方向にボーリングを実施する方法は、汚染可能区域の面積から見れば地面の一点に孔を開ける調査となる。従って、汚染物質が地中を拡散する傾向にあることとも相俟って、汚染可能区域が広い面積を占める場合には、多数回のボーリングを実施する必要が生じてその作業が極めて煩雑になる。しかも、建物等にて覆われた区域では、ボーリングのための機械が設置できずボーリング調査は不可能であることが多い。 However, the above-described method for boring in the direction perpendicular to the ground is a survey in which a hole is made at one point on the ground when viewed from the area of the contaminatable area. Therefore, in combination with the tendency of pollutants to diffuse in the ground, when the pollutable area occupies a large area, it becomes necessary to carry out numerous boring operations, which makes the operation extremely complicated. . In addition, in an area covered with a building or the like, a boring machine cannot be installed and a boring survey is often impossible.
また、上述の立井戸及び水平井戸を形成する場合には、これら井戸形成のための工事が面倒で時間がかかり上記ボーリングと比較していわゆる大工事となってしまう。 Moreover, when forming the above-mentioned standing well and horizontal well, the construction for forming these wells is cumbersome and time consuming, which is a so-called large construction as compared with the boring.
本発明は、上記に鑑みて発明されたものであって、従来のような多数回のボーリング調査を必要とせず少数回の調査で済み、建物等にて覆われた区域にも調査が可能となり、また従来のような立井戸や水平井戸を掘ることなく簡便は削孔作業で済むようにした地中汚染調査方法の提供を目的とする。 The present invention has been invented in view of the above, and does not require a large number of boring surveys as in the prior art, and only a small number of surveys are possible, and it is also possible to investigate an area covered with a building or the like. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for investigating underground pollution that allows simple drilling work without digging a conventional well or horizontal well.
上述した課題を解決し、目的を達成するために、請求項1に記載の発明の特徴は、鞘管とこの鞘管に挿通された削孔用ロッドとこの削孔用ロッドの先端部に連結されて固定され上記削孔用ロッドの軸方向を中心とした回転にてその進行方向が制御可能な削孔ビットとが備えられた削孔装置と、上記削孔用ロッドをその軸方向を中心として回転させつつ押出しかつ鞘管をその軸方向に沿い推進する作業を行なう支援装置と、上記削孔用ロッドの先端部に設置した位置検出手段からのデータによって該削孔ビットの位置を計測する位置計測装置とを備えた水平削孔システムを使用し、
上記支援装置の作業に伴い上記削孔用ロッドを押出しつつ鞘管を推進すると同時に、上記支援装置から上記削孔用ロッド内を通じて泥水を上記削孔ビットに供給してこの泥水を上記削孔ビットより噴出させることによって削孔させ、その削孔による削土と泥水とが混合された削土混合泥水を上記鞘管に設けた排水孔から上記鞘管内を通じて地上に戻し、該削土混合泥水内の汚染物質の含有の有無及び含有の程度を計測することによって地中の汚染物質存在位置を計測することにある。
In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the feature of the invention described in claim 1 is that a sheath tube, a drilling rod inserted through the sheath tube, and a tip of the drilling rod are connected. And a drilling device provided with a drilling bit whose rotation direction can be controlled by rotation about the axial direction of the drilling rod, and the drilling rod centered in the axial direction. The position of the drill bit is measured based on data from a support device that pushes and extrudes the sheath tube while propelling it along its axial direction, and position detection means installed at the tip of the drill rod. Using a horizontal drilling system with a position measuring device,
Along with the operation of the support device, the sheath tube is pushed while pushing the drilling rod, and at the same time, muddy water is supplied from the support device through the drilling rod to the drilling bit, and the muddy water is supplied to the drill bit. Drilling a hole by making it squirt further, and returning the ground mixed mud mixed with the ground and mud from the ground through the drain hole provided in the sheath pipe to the ground through the sheath pipe, It is to measure the presence position of pollutants in the ground by measuring the presence or absence and the degree of inclusion of other pollutants.
請求項2に記載の発明の特徴は、請求項1の構成に加え、地中汚染調査予定域に上下及び水平方向に間隔を隔てて所要本数の水平方向削孔位置を立体的配置に設定し、上記各削孔毎に一定間隔毎の予定測定点を設定し、各予定測定点からの削土内の汚染物質含有の有無を計測することによって地中の汚染物質の分布を計測することにある。 The feature of the invention described in claim 2 is that, in addition to the configuration of claim 1, the required number of horizontal drilling positions are set in a three-dimensional arrangement with an interval in the vertical and horizontal directions in the planned underground contamination survey area. Measure the distribution of pollutants in the ground by setting planned measurement points at regular intervals for each drilling hole and measuring the presence or absence of contaminants in the soil from each planned measurement point. is there.
請求項3に記載の発明の特徴は、請求項2の構成に加え、上記予定測定点の手前位置で上記支援装置による削孔用ロッドの押出しを停止させて泥水を供給することにより泥水のみが上記鞘管を通して地上に戻るのを確認した後、上記支援装置による削孔用ロッドの押出しを再開させることにより、サンプリング予定位置の削土を判別することにある。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the second aspect, only the muddy water is supplied by stopping the extrusion of the drilling rod by the support device at a position before the scheduled measurement point and supplying the muddy water. After confirming returning to the ground through the sheath tube, the cutting of the drilling rod by the assisting device is resumed, thereby determining the soil at the sampling scheduled position.
請求項4に記載の発明の特徴は、請求項1、2又は3の記載に加え、上記ポンプにて吸引した削土及び泥水から土砂を分離し、残りの泥水に対して汚染物質の除去処理を施し、この除去処理後の泥水を上記支援装置に供給して上記削孔ビットより噴出させる泥水とすることにある。 The feature of the invention described in claim 4 is that, in addition to the description of claim 1, 2, or 3, the earth and sand are separated from the soil and muddy water sucked by the pump, and the contaminants are removed from the remaining muddy water. The muddy water after the removal treatment is supplied to the support device to be muddy water ejected from the drill bit.
本発明によれば、鞘管とこの鞘管に挿通された削孔用ロッドとこの削孔用ロッドの先端部に連結されて固定され上記削孔用ロッドの軸方向を中心とした回転にてその進行方向が制御可能な削孔ビットとが備えられた削孔装置と、上記削孔用ロッドをその軸方向を中心として回転させつつ押出しかつ鞘管をその軸方向に沿い推進する作業を行なう支援装置と、上記削孔用ロッドの先端部に備えた位置検出手段からのデータによって該削孔ビットの位置を計測する位置計測装置とを備えた水平削孔システムを使用し、
上記支援装置の作業に伴い上記削孔用ロッドを押出しつつ鞘管を推進すると同時に、上記支援装置から上記削孔用ロッド内を通じて泥水を上記削孔ビットに供給してこの泥水を上記削孔ビットより噴出させることによって削孔させ、その削孔による削土と泥水とが混合された削土混合泥水を上記鞘管に設けた排水孔から上記鞘管内を通じて地上に戻し、該削土混合泥水内の汚染物質の含有の有無及び含有の程度を計測することによって地中の汚染物質存在位置を計測することとしたことにより、地面から直接いわゆる水平削孔する削孔装置及び支援装置を用いて削孔ロッドの進行と共に泥水の噴射にて削土を採取しこの削土と泥水を吸引して汚染物質検出装置に供給することになるので、1本の水平井戸の形成にて多くの面積の調査が可能となり、ボーリング調査のような多数回の調査と比べて少数回の調査で済み、また削孔装置は地中を水平に進行することになるので、建物等にて覆われた区域にも調査が可能となり、また従来のような立井戸や水平井戸を掘ることがなく水平削孔で済むので、簡便な削孔作業となる。
According to the present invention, by rotating around the axial direction of the drilling rod, which is connected and fixed to the sheath tube, the drilling rod inserted through the sheath tube, and the tip of the drilling rod. A drilling device provided with a drilling bit whose control direction is controllable, and an operation of pushing the rod for drilling and propelling the sheath tube along the axial direction while rotating the drilling rod about the axial direction. Using a horizontal drilling system comprising a support device and a position measuring device that measures the position of the drilling bit based on data from position detection means provided at the tip of the drilling rod,
Along with the operation of the support device, the sheath tube is pushed while pushing the drilling rod, and at the same time, muddy water is supplied from the support device through the drilling rod to the drilling bit, and the muddy water is supplied to the drill bit. Drilling a hole by making it squirt further, and returning the ground mixed mud mixed with the ground and mud from the ground through the drain hole provided in the sheath pipe to the ground through the sheath pipe, By measuring the presence / absence and the extent of the inclusion of contaminants in the ground, the position of the presence of contaminants in the ground was measured. As the drill rod progresses, the soil is collected by muddy water injection, and the soil and muddy water are sucked and supplied to the pollutant detection device. Is possible This means that a small number of surveys are required compared to a large number of surveys such as a boring survey, and the drilling device travels horizontally in the ground. In addition, since a horizontal drilling is not required without digging up a vertical well or a horizontal well as in the prior art, a simple drilling operation is achieved.
また、本発明によれば、地中汚染調査予定域に上下及び水平方向に間隔を隔てて所要本数の水平方向削孔位置を立体的配置に設定し、上記各削孔毎に一定間隔毎の予定測定点を設定し、各予定測定点からの削土内の汚染物質含有の有無を計測することによって地中の汚染物質の分布を計測することにより、汚染物質の地中分布状態を容易に調査することができる。 Further, according to the present invention, the required number of horizontal drilling positions are set in a three-dimensional arrangement with an interval in the vertical and horizontal directions in the planned underground contamination survey area, and a fixed interval is set for each of the drilling holes. By setting the planned measurement points and measuring the distribution of pollutants in the ground by measuring the presence or absence of pollutants contained in the soil from each planned measurement point, the underground distribution status of the pollutants can be easily Can be investigated.
更に、本発明によれば、上記予定測定点の手前位置で上記支援装置による削孔用ロッドの押出しを停止させて泥水を供給することにより泥水のみが上記鞘管を通して地上に戻るのを確認した後、上記支援装置による削孔用ロッドの押出しを再開させることにより、サンプリング予定位置の削土を判別することにより、測定点を決めれば、その位置での削土を他の削土と明確に区別して検査することができ、測定点での土壌の汚染状況の高精度に把握することができる。 Furthermore, according to the present invention, it was confirmed that only the muddy water returns to the ground through the sheath tube by stopping the extrusion of the drilling rod by the support device at the position before the scheduled measurement point and supplying the muddy water. After that, by resuming the extrusion of the drilling rod by the above support device, by determining the ground at the sampling scheduled position, if the measurement point is determined, the ground at that position is clearly different from the other ground It is possible to inspect and distinguish, and it is possible to grasp the soil contamination status at the measurement point with high accuracy.
また、本発明によれば、上記ポンプにて吸引した削土及び泥水から土砂を分離し、残りの泥水に対して汚染物質の除去処理を施し、この除去処理後の泥水を上記支援装置に供給して上記削孔ビットより噴出させる泥水としたことにより、泥水を循環させることになり、泥水の無駄をなくし泥水の有効利用を図ることができる。 Further, according to the present invention, the earth and sand are separated from the soil and muddy water sucked by the pump, the contaminants are removed from the remaining muddy water, and the muddy water after the removal treatment is supplied to the support device. By using the muddy water to be ejected from the drilling bit, the muddy water is circulated, so that the muddy water is not wasted and the muddy water can be effectively used.
以下に本発明にかかる地中汚染調査方法の最良な実施の形態を詳細に説明する。ここでは、本発明において使用する水平削孔システムについて説明する。 BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The best embodiment of the underground pollution investigation method according to the present invention will be described in detail below. Here, the horizontal drilling system used in the present invention will be described.
このシステムは、図1に示すように水平井戸を形成する削孔装置B、この削孔装置Bを地中内に押出す支援装置Sを備えて構成されている。削孔装置Bは、屈曲可能な鞘管1と、鞘管1の中心に挿通された同じく屈曲可能な削孔用ロッド2と、削孔用ロッド2の先端部に連結され、鞘管1の先端部外に突出させた可撓性先端ロッド2aと、可撓性先端ロッド2aの先端部に固定された削孔ビット3とを備えている。 As shown in FIG. 1, this system includes a drilling device B that forms a horizontal well, and a support device S that pushes the drilling device B into the ground. The drilling device B is connected to the bendable sheath tube 1, the bendable drilling rod 2 inserted through the center of the sheath tube 1, and the tip of the drilling rod 2. A flexible tip rod 2a protruding outside the tip portion and a drill bit 3 fixed to the tip portion of the flexible tip rod 2a are provided.
支援装置Sは、地上にあって削孔用ロッド2及び可撓性先端ロッド2aを回転させながら押出す作業を行なうことにより掘り進み、これに追随させて鞘管1を推進させる作業を行なうものである。 The support device S is located on the ground and digs by performing an extruding operation while rotating the drilling rod 2 and the flexible tip rod 2a, and performs the operation of propelling the sheath tube 1 by following this operation. It is.
また、この削孔装置Bには、削孔用ロッド2の先端部にこの削孔用ロッド2と一体に回転できるように位置検出手段である方位傾斜角検知装置Dが設置され、この方位傾斜角検知装置Dによる検出データをもとにして地上に備えたコンピュータCにより掘削ビット3の位置を計測するようになっている。 Further, in this drilling device B, an azimuth / inclination angle detection device D as a position detecting means is installed at the tip of the drilling rod 2 so as to be able to rotate integrally with the drilling rod 2, and this azimuth tilt The position of the excavation bit 3 is measured by the computer C provided on the ground based on the detection data from the angle detection device D.
方位傾斜角検知装置Dは削孔用ロッド2の先端部と共に動作し、削孔用ロッド2の先端部と同じ方位角及び傾斜角を検出するようになっている。そして、この方位傾斜角検知装置DコンピュータCからなる位置計測装置により計測された位置情報を、支援装置Sの次の作業を進行させるための情報として送出している。 The azimuth / inclination angle detector D operates in conjunction with the tip of the drilling rod 2 and detects the same azimuth and tilt angle as the tip of the drilling rod 2. And the positional information measured by the position measuring device which consists of this azimuth | direction inclination angle detection apparatus D computer C is sent out as information for making the next operation | work of the assistance apparatus S advance.
更に、コンピュータCには、支援装置Sの作業に伴う削孔用ロッド2の回転及び押出し量、支援装置Sの基準点Pがそれぞれ入力されており、演算部(図示省略)によるこの入力情報の演算結果がコンピュータCの表示装置dに表示され、削孔用ロッド2の進行経路として反映させている。 Further, the rotation of the drilling rod 2 and the amount of extrusion and the reference point P of the support device S associated with the work of the support device S and the reference point P of the support device S are input to the computer C, respectively. The calculation result is displayed on the display device d of the computer C and is reflected as the traveling path of the drilling rod 2.
図2、図3は、地中汚染調査方法を説明するための図であるが、この図を用いて地中汚染調査装置を更に説明する。図2は、削孔装置Bの先端部分を示している。削孔用ロッド2及び可撓性先端ロッド2aは、支援装置Sから泥水が供給されるように中空となっている。この可撓性先端ロッド2aの先端に固定された削孔ビット3は、図2の拡大図に示すように軸心方向に対して傾斜した受圧面3aが形成されており、この受圧面3aと同じく傾斜して泥水の噴射ノズル3bが形成されている。 2 and 3 are diagrams for explaining the underground pollution investigation method. The underground pollution investigation apparatus will be further described with reference to these drawings. FIG. 2 shows a tip portion of the hole drilling device B. The drilling rod 2 and the flexible tip rod 2a are hollow so that muddy water is supplied from the support device S. As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 2, the drill bit 3 fixed to the tip of the flexible tip rod 2a has a pressure receiving surface 3a inclined with respect to the axial direction. Similarly, the muddy water injection nozzle 3b is inclined.
このため、削孔用ロッド2が支援装置Sによって押出されると、削孔ビット3の傾斜した受圧面3aに土圧が加わり、土圧が作用する方向(図2の拡大図では下方向)に削孔ビット3ひいては削孔用ロッド2が曲がるようになる。そしてこのとき、噴射ノズル3bからの泥水は傾斜して噴射されることになる。 For this reason, when the drilling rod 2 is pushed out by the support device S, earth pressure is applied to the inclined pressure receiving surface 3a of the drill bit 3 and the earth pressure acts (downward in the enlarged view of FIG. 2). In addition, the drill bit 3 and thus the drill rod 2 are bent. At this time, the muddy water from the injection nozzle 3b is inclined and injected.
また、削孔用ロッド2が支援装置Sによって回転させられた場合、支援装置Sによる削孔用ロッド2の押出にて削孔ビット3の受圧面3aに土圧が一様に加わるようになるので削孔ビット3及び削孔用ロッド2は直進することになる。このとき、噴射ノズル3bから傾斜して噴射される泥水は回転に伴い一様に作用して直進方向に削土することになる。 When the drilling rod 2 is rotated by the support device S, the earth pressure is uniformly applied to the pressure receiving surface 3a of the drilling bit 3 by the extrusion of the drilling rod 2 by the support device S. Therefore, the drill bit 3 and the drill rod 2 go straight. At this time, the muddy water sprayed at an inclination from the spray nozzle 3b acts uniformly with rotation and cuts soil in the straight direction.
削孔用ロッド2の先端部に連結された方位傾斜角検知装置Dは、図2の拡大図に示すように、装置の外殻をなす筒状の計測用ケース4と、計測用ケース4内に配置されたセンサ支持台5と、センサ支持台5に回転台6を介して支持され、計測用ケース4の中心軸y及び中心軸と直交しセンサ支持台5と平行配置にある軸xを入力軸とするチューンドドライジャイロ7と、センサ支持台5にそれぞれ回転台8,9を介して支持され、計測用ケース4の中心軸y方向の加速度を検知する加速度計10及び中心軸と直交しセンサ支持台5と平行配置にある軸x方向の加速度を検知する加速度計11と、回転台6,8,9を同期的に回転させる回転制御手段12と、回転台9の回転角を検知する回転角検知手段13と、チューンドドライジャイロ7、加速度計10,11及び回転角検知手段13からの出力に基づいてセンサ支持台5ひいては削孔用ロッド2の傾斜及び方位を算出する算出手段14とを備えている。尚、図中符号15は、z軸方向の加速度を測定する加速度計である。 As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 2, the azimuth angle detector D connected to the tip of the drilling rod 2 includes a cylindrical measuring case 4 that forms the outer shell of the device, and a measuring case 4 inside. The sensor support 5 disposed on the sensor support 5, and the sensor support 5 via the rotary table 6, and the center axis y of the measurement case 4 and the axis x orthogonal to the center axis and parallel to the sensor support 5 are arranged. A tuned dry gyro 7 serving as an input shaft and an accelerometer 10 that is supported by the sensor support 5 via the rotary tables 8 and 9 and detects acceleration in the direction of the central axis y of the measurement case 4 and orthogonal to the central axis. An accelerometer 11 that detects acceleration in the direction of the axis x in parallel with the sensor support 5, a rotation control means 12 that rotates the turntables 6, 8, 9 synchronously, and a rotation angle of the turntable 9. Rotation angle detection means 13 and tuned dry gyroscope 7, Based on the output from the speedometer 10, 11 and the rotation angle detecting means 13 and a calculating means 14 for calculating the inclination and azimuth of the sensor supporting plate 5 thus drilling rod 2. Reference numeral 15 in the figure denotes an accelerometer that measures acceleration in the z-axis direction.
この方位傾斜角検知装置Dは、必要に応じて、加速度計11からの出力をフィードバックして、センサ支持台5が中心軸回りで水平な状態となるようにセンサ支持台5の位置を調整することができるようになっている。 The azimuth / inclination angle detector D feeds back the output from the accelerometer 11 as necessary, and adjusts the position of the sensor support 5 so that the sensor support 5 is in a horizontal state around the central axis. Be able to.
また、図2に示す鞘管1の先端部には、削孔ビット3の噴射ノズル3bから噴射された泥水及びこの泥水によって採取された削土を、鞘管1内を通じて支援装置Sに向かって戻すための排水孔1aが形成されている。 Also, at the tip of the sheath tube 1 shown in FIG. 2, the muddy water sprayed from the spray nozzle 3 b of the drill bit 3 and the soil cut by the muddy water are directed toward the support device S through the sheath tube 1. A drain hole 1a for returning is formed.
支援装置Sにあって鞘管1の基端部は、図3に示すようにスイベルジョイント1bが設けられ、このスイベルジョイント1bの排水口1cを通じて吸引ポンプ20に排水管21が連通される構造となっている。尚、図3中22は、排水管21の途中に備えた汚染物質検出装置である。 In the support device S, the base end portion of the sheath tube 1 is provided with a swivel joint 1b as shown in FIG. 3, and the drain pipe 21 is connected to the suction pump 20 through the drain port 1c of the swivel joint 1b. It has become. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 22 denotes a pollutant detection device provided in the middle of the drain pipe 21.
次に、本実施形態の地中汚染調査方法につき説明する。 Next, the underground pollution investigation method of this embodiment will be described.
先ず、地中汚染調査予定域Wに図6に示すように水平方向に間隔を隔てて所要本数の水平削孔40,40……を設定するとともに、図7に示すように上下方向にも同様にして数段配置の水平削孔40,40を設定しておく。この設定は建物下の場合には、杭等の障害物を避けて行う。そして各水平削孔40毎に測定点Mを一定間隔毎に設定する。尚、図中43は地中汚染調査予定域Wに存在している建物である。 First, as shown in FIG. 6, the required number of horizontal drilling holes 40, 40... Are set in the underground contamination survey planned area W as shown in FIG. 6 and also in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. Thus, horizontal drilling holes 40, 40 arranged in several stages are set. This setting should be avoided under piles and other obstacles such as piles. And the measurement point M is set for every horizontal drilling 40 for every fixed interval. In the figure, reference numeral 43 denotes a building existing in the underground contamination survey scheduled area W.
次いで、この設定に従って削孔を行い、水平削孔40毎の測定点Mの削土について汚染物質の含有率を計測し、各測定点Mの汚染物質の有無及び検出される濃度によって、図6及び図7に示すように立体的な汚染範囲41、更にはその中の高濃度汚染域42などの汚染物質分布を判別する。尚、図6、図7において×印は測定点Mを示し、汚染物質が検出された測定点Mに一重丸印、高濃度に検出された測定点に二重丸印を付している。 Next, drilling is performed according to this setting, and the content rate of the pollutant is measured for the soil at the measurement point M for each horizontal drilling 40. Depending on the presence or absence of the contaminant at each measurement point M and the detected concentration, FIG. As shown in FIG. 7, a three-dimensional contamination range 41, and a contaminant distribution such as a high-concentration contamination region 42 in the three-dimensional contamination range 41 are determined. 6 and 7, the x mark indicates the measurement point M. The measurement point M where the contaminant is detected is marked with a single circle, and the measurement point where the concentration is detected is marked with a double circle.
各水平削孔40においては、図1に示す支援装置Sによって削孔用ロッド2を地中に押出すと、削孔ビット3及び削孔用ロッド2は、削孔ビット3の受圧面3aの向きに応じて地中を上、下、左、右に曲がる。また、削孔用ロッド2を地中に押出すと共に回転させることによって、削孔ビット3及び削孔用ロッド2は、地中を直進することになる。そして、この削孔用ロッド3の押出しと共に鞘管1を推進している。この結果、削孔装置Bは、地中を進行する。 In each horizontal drilling hole 40, when the drilling rod 2 is pushed into the ground by the support device S shown in FIG. 1, the drilling bit 3 and the drilling rod 2 are formed on the pressure receiving surface 3 a of the drilling bit 3. Turn up, down, left, right in the ground depending on the direction. Further, by pushing and rotating the drilling rod 2 into the ground, the drilling bit 3 and the drilling rod 2 go straight through the ground. And the sheath tube 1 is propelled with the extrusion of the drilling rod 3. As a result, the hole drilling device B travels in the ground.
この削孔装置Bの地中内への進行と共に支援装置Sから削孔用ロッド2を通じて泥水が供給される。そして、この泥水は削孔ビット3の噴射ノズル3bから噴射される。この泥水は地中の土壌を削り、削土は泥水と混じりあう。そして、吸引ポンプ20による吸引に伴い削土と泥水は、可撓性先端ロッド2a外部を戻り鞘管1の先端の排水孔1aに吸引される。排水孔1a内に吸引された削土と泥水は、鞘管1の内部を通って支援装置Sに向かい排水口1bから排水管21を通って汚染物質検出装置22に送られる。削土内に汚染物質が存在する場合には、この汚染物質検出装置22にてその濃度が検出される。 Muddy water is supplied from the support device S through the drilling rod 2 as the drilling device B advances into the ground. And this muddy water is injected from the injection nozzle 3b of the drill bit 3. This muddy water cuts the soil in the ground, and the soil is mixed with muddy water. Then, along with suction by the suction pump 20, the soil and muddy water return outside the flexible tip rod 2 a and are sucked into the drain hole 1 a at the tip of the sheath tube 1. The soil and muddy water sucked into the drain hole 1a are sent to the support device S through the inside of the sheath tube 1 and sent from the drain port 1b to the pollutant detection device 22 through the drain tube 21. If there is a pollutant in the soil, this pollutant detection device 22 detects its concentration.
ここで、検出する汚染物質には、例えば揮発性有機化合物や油が挙げられ、具体的にはジクロロメタン、四塩化炭素、1,2−ジクロロエタン、1,1−ジクロロエチレン、シスー1,2−ジクロロエチレン、1,1,1−トリクロロエタン、1,1,2−トリクロロエタン、トリクロロエチレン、テトラクロロエチレン、等が挙げられる。そしてこの汚染物質の検出装置としては、PIDセンサー、プロセスガスクロマトグラフやスパージング槽がある。 Here, the pollutants to be detected include, for example, volatile organic compounds and oils. Specifically, dichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, 1,1-dichloroethylene, cis-1,2-dichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, and the like can be given. Examples of the contaminant detection device include a PID sensor, a process gas chromatograph, and a sparging tank.
また、本実施形態にて使用される泥水は、地下水の浸入を防止し、形成した削孔の崩れを防止するため、地下水が透過しにくくしかも比表面積が大きな性質を備えている例えばベントナイトを溶かしたものである。 In addition, the muddy water used in the present embodiment dissolves, for example, bentonite which has a property that the groundwater is difficult to permeate and has a large specific surface area in order to prevent the intrusion of the groundwater and the collapse of the formed hole. It is a thing.
本実施形態では、更に泥水を有効利用するために、図4に示すように泥水を循環させる方式を採る。削土を含んだ泥水は、吸引ポンプ20にて吸引され、その後サイクロン付き振動部23に送られ、泥水中から土砂を分離する。分離された土砂は、汚染物質処理システム27に送られ汚染処理が施される。残った泥水には、汚染物質が含まれるので、沈殿槽24にて汚染物質を沈澱処理する。 In the present embodiment, in order to further effectively use the muddy water, a method of circulating the muddy water as shown in FIG. 4 is adopted. The mud containing the soil is sucked by the suction pump 20 and then sent to the vibration unit 23 with a cyclone to separate the earth and sand from the mud. The separated earth and sand are sent to the contaminant treatment system 27 and subjected to the contamination treatment. Since the remaining muddy water contains contaminants, the contaminants are precipitated in the sedimentation tank 24.
沈殿が行われた後の泥水は、汚染物質濃度調整槽25に送られると共に汚染物質除去装置28に送られる。この汚染物質除去装置では泥水から汚染物質が除去され、泥水タンク26に貯水される。なお、汚染物質濃度調整槽25では、泥水タンク26内の泥水の一部を戻して濃度の調整を行なっている。そしてこの泥水タンク26内に貯められた泥水が支援装置Sに送られて、削孔用ロッド2内に供給される。こうして、泥水を循環させることにより、泥水の無駄をなくし泥水の有効利用が図れる。 The muddy water after the precipitation is sent to the pollutant concentration adjusting tank 25 and to the pollutant removing device 28. In this contaminant removal apparatus, contaminants are removed from the muddy water and stored in the muddy water tank 26. In the pollutant concentration adjusting tank 25, a part of the muddy water in the muddy water tank 26 is returned to adjust the concentration. Then, the muddy water stored in the muddy water tank 26 is sent to the support device S and supplied into the drilling rod 2. Thus, by circulating the muddy water, the muddy water can be eliminated and the muddy water can be effectively used.
図5は、削土を含んだ泥水を循環させつつこの泥水のサンプリングを行なう装置を例示している。ここでは、削土を含む泥水を通す管30の途中にバルブ31を備えており、このバルブ31の上流及び下流にてそれぞれバルブ32、33を備えた管を分岐させている。この二本の分岐管は、タンク34に連通されている。タンク34は試料取り出し口35が設けられ、この試料取り出し口35を介してサンプル容器36に泥水がサンプリングされることになる。なお、37は、タンク34内の泥水量を外部から観察する透視レベル計である。 FIG. 5 illustrates an apparatus for sampling the muddy water while circulating the muddy water containing the soil. Here, a valve 31 is provided in the middle of a pipe 30 through which mud containing soil is passed, and pipes provided with valves 32 and 33 are branched upstream and downstream of the valve 31, respectively. The two branch pipes communicate with the tank 34. The tank 34 is provided with a sample outlet 35, and muddy water is sampled into the sample container 36 through the sample outlet 35. Reference numeral 37 denotes a fluoroscopic level meter for observing the amount of muddy water in the tank 34 from the outside.
この装置では、バルブ31を開け、バルブ32、33を閉じることにより泥水は管30を通過してゆく。バルブ31を閉じ、バルブ32、33を開けることによりタンク34内に泥水が導かれて貯水され、泥水がタンク34に溢れるようになれば泥水はバルブ33を介して管30に戻る。このようにしてタンク34から泥水のサンプルを容易に取り出すことができる。 In this apparatus, the muddy water passes through the pipe 30 by opening the valve 31 and closing the valves 32 and 33. When the valve 31 is closed and the valves 32 and 33 are opened, the muddy water is guided and stored in the tank 34. When the muddy water overflows into the tank 34, the muddy water returns to the pipe 30 through the valve 33. In this way, the muddy water sample can be easily taken out of the tank 34.
図1に示す支援装置Sに接続されているコンピュータCは、予め汚染可能調査区域の削孔路線情報が入力され、図6に示すような平面図、及び図7に示すような縦断面図が表示装置dに表示させる。この表示には、予め建物の位置あるいはその基礎杭や配管等地中の障害物の様子も示させる。そして、この障害物の位置を避けるようにして削孔装置Bの進行経路が入力され表示される。 The computer C connected to the support device S shown in FIG. 1 is preliminarily inputted with the drilling route information of the pollutable investigation area, and has a plan view as shown in FIG. 6 and a longitudinal sectional view as shown in FIG. It is displayed on the display device d. In this display, the position of the building or the state of obstacles in the ground such as foundation piles and pipes is shown in advance. Then, the traveling path of the drilling device B is input and displayed so as to avoid the position of the obstacle.
更に、このコンピュータCには、基準点Pの座票位置が入力され、その表示装置d表示される。そして、この水平井戸の形成に際しては、図1に示す支援装置Sの基準点Pと表示装置dの基準点P座票位置をあわせ、削孔用ロッド2の押出しを開始する。削孔用ロッド2の押出し量は支援装置Sから得られ、また、削孔用ロッド2の方位及び傾斜角は方位傾斜角検知装置Dから得られる。従って、コンピュータによる演算処理により削孔用ロッド2の押出し量と方位及び傾斜角とから削孔用ロッド2先端部の現在位置が判明し、表示装置dに表示された進行経路上に削孔用ロッド2先端部の現在位置をプロットすることができる。 Further, the slip position of the reference point P is input to the computer C and displayed on the display device d. When forming the horizontal well, the reference point P of the support device S shown in FIG. 1 and the reference point P seat position of the display device d are aligned, and the extrusion of the drilling rod 2 is started. The pushing amount of the drilling rod 2 is obtained from the support device S, and the azimuth and the tilt angle of the drilling rod 2 are obtained from the azimuth tilt angle detection device D. Accordingly, the current position of the tip of the drilling rod 2 is determined from the extrusion amount, the azimuth, and the inclination angle of the drilling rod 2 by calculation processing by a computer, and the drilling rod is formed on the traveling path displayed on the display device d. The current position of the tip of the rod 2 can be plotted.
更に、コンピュータCには、表示装置dに表示されるような進行経路上の測定点Mが入力され、表示される。この測定点Mは、その位置での削土の確実な採取を行なうための座票位置である。支援装置Sにより削孔用ロッド2が押出され、削孔用ロッド2の先端位置が測定点Mに到達したことを上記コンピュータによりモニタリングされた状態で支援装置Sによる削孔用ロッド2の押出しを停止させる。この状態では、削孔装置Bの進行はなく泥水のみ循環する。すなわち削孔用ロッド2内に泥水を供給し削孔ビット3の噴射ノズル3bから泥水が吐出されるが、土は削られないで鞘管1の排水孔1aから支援装置Sに泥水のみが戻る。この状態で支援装置Sによる削孔用ロッド2の押出しを再開すれば、最初に検出される削土は、測定点Mの削土である。測定点Mの確実な削土が得られることになる。 Further, the measurement point M on the traveling path as displayed on the display device d is input to the computer C and displayed. This measurement point M is a seat position for reliably collecting the cut soil at that position. The drilling rod 2 is pushed out by the support device S while the drilling rod 2 is pushed out by the support device S and the tip position of the drilling rod 2 reaches the measuring point M while being monitored by the computer. Stop. In this state, the drilling device B does not proceed and only the muddy water circulates. That is, muddy water is supplied into the drilling rod 2 and muddy water is discharged from the injection nozzle 3b of the drilling bit 3, but the muddy water is returned to the support device S from the drainage hole 1a of the sheath tube 1 without being cut. . If the extrusion of the drilling rod 2 by the support device S is resumed in this state, the first detected soil is the soil at the measurement point M. A reliable cutting of the measurement point M is obtained.
B 削孔装置
S 支援装置
C コンピュータ
D 方位傾斜角検知装置
P 基準点
d 表示装置
M 測定点
W 地中汚染調査予定域
1 鞘管
1a 排水孔
1b 排水口
2 削孔用ロッド
3 削孔ビット
3a 受圧面
3b 噴射ノズル
7 チューンドドライジャイロ
10,11,15 加速度計
20 吸引ポンプ
22 汚染物質検出装置
24 沈殿槽
25 汚染物質濃度調整槽
26 泥水タンク
27 汚染物質処理システム
28 汚染物質除去装置
30 管
31,32,33 バルブ
34 タンク
35 試料取り出し口
36 サンプル容器
37 透視レベル計
40 水平削孔
41 汚染範囲
42 高濃度汚染域
B Drilling device S Support device C Computer D Orientation inclination detector P Reference point d Display device M Measuring point W Underground contamination investigation planned area 1 Shell 1a Drain hole 1b Drain port 2 Drilling rod 3 Drill bit 3a Pressure receiving surface 3b Injection nozzle 7 Tuned dry gyroscope 10, 11, 15 Accelerometer 20 Suction pump 22 Contaminant detection device 24 Precipitation tank 25 Contaminant concentration adjustment tank 26 Mud water tank 27 Contaminant treatment system 28 Contaminant removal apparatus 30 Pipe 31, 32, 33 Valve 34 Tank 35 Sample outlet 36 Sample container 37 Perspective level meter 40 Horizontal drilling hole 41 Contamination range 42 High concentration contamination area
Claims (4)
上記支援装置の作業に伴い上記削孔用ロッドを押出しつつ鞘管を推進すると同時に、上記支援装置から上記削孔用ロッド内を通じて泥水を上記削孔ビットに供給してこの泥水を上記削孔ビットより噴出させることによって削孔させ、その削孔による削土と泥水とが混合された削土混合泥水を上記鞘管に設けた排水孔から上記鞘管内を通じて地上に戻し、該削土混合泥水内の汚染物質の含有の有無及び含有の程度を計測することによって地中の汚染物質存在位置を計測することを特徴としてなる地中汚染調査方法。 Advancing direction can be controlled by rotation around the axial direction of the above-mentioned drilling rod, which is connected and fixed to the sheathing tube, the drilling rod inserted through this sheathing tube, and the tip of this drilling rod A drilling device provided with a drilling bit, a support device for performing the work of pushing the sheathing rod along the axial direction while pushing the rod for drilling while rotating the drilling rod around the axial direction; Using a horizontal drilling system provided with a position measuring device that measures the position of the drilling bit based on data from a position detection means provided at the tip of the hole rod,
Along with the operation of the support device, the sheath tube is pushed while pushing the drilling rod, and at the same time, muddy water is supplied from the support device through the drilling rod to the drilling bit, and the muddy water is supplied to the drill bit. Drilling a hole by making it squirt further, and returning the ground mixed mud mixed with the ground and mud from the ground through the drain hole provided in the sheath pipe to the ground through the sheath pipe, An underground pollution investigation method characterized by measuring the presence of underground contaminants by measuring the presence or absence and the degree of inclusion of other contaminants.
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Cited By (8)
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JP2010078585A (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2010-04-08 | Penta Ocean Construction Co Ltd | Method for finding the location of buried magnetic object |
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JP2010078585A (en) * | 2009-03-10 | 2010-04-08 | Penta Ocean Construction Co Ltd | Method for finding the location of buried magnetic object |
JP2015090027A (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2015-05-11 | 西松建設株式会社 | Sample collection system, and sample collection method |
JP2015132589A (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2015-07-23 | 前田建設工業株式会社 | Method of measuring underground radiation dose using flexible boring machine |
CN110439549A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-11-12 | 同济大学 | A kind of tilting soil sampling method |
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CN113238025A (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2021-08-10 | 格日乐 | Trees root soil detection device is used in gardens |
CN113238025B (en) * | 2021-04-23 | 2023-07-07 | 广东粤丘检测科技有限公司 | Tree root soil detection device for gardens |
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