JP2007154909A

JP2007154909A - Fixing structure and screw

Info

Publication number: JP2007154909A
Application number: JP2005346554A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Takeshi Kutsuwa; 武志久津輪
Original assignee: Sharp Corp
Current assignee: Sharp Corp
Priority date: 2005-11-30
Filing date: 2005-11-30
Publication date: 2007-06-21

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fixing structure capable of fixing two members securely and releasing the fixation of two members simply for disassembly and to provide a screw used in this fixing structure. <P>SOLUTION: Abutting plate parts 4, 4 provided like flower petals in a head part 3 of the screw 1 are set to bend in the direction of shaft axis of a screw shaft part 2 at specific temperature. A through hole 21 is formed in a circuit board 20, a screw receiving part 32 is provided in a chassis 30, and the screw shaft part 2 of the screw 1 is inserted into the through hole 21 and is screw-fitted into the screw receiving part 32 so that the abutting plate parts 4, 4 are abutted on a surface of the circuit board 20 to fix the circuit board 20 and the chassis 30. When disassembling this fixing structure, the screw 1 is heated to deform the abutting plate parts 4, 4 so that the whole screw 1 can be inserted into the through hole 21 in the circuit board 20, thereby releasing the fixation of the circuit board 20 and the chassis 30. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、電気機器の筐体及び基板等の２つの部材を固定する固定構造及びこの固定構造に利用されるねじに関し、更に詳しくは固定された２つの部材を簡単に解体することができる固定構造及びこの固定構造に利用されるねじに関する。 The present invention relates to a fixing structure for fixing two members such as a casing and a substrate of an electric device and a screw used for the fixing structure, and more specifically, fixing that can easily disassemble two fixed members. The present invention relates to a structure and a screw used for the fixing structure.

電気機器は多数の部品が相互に結合されて構成されており、部品の結合にはねじ止め、フック及び溝を係合させるスナップフィット、溶接又は接着剤による接着等の手法が用いられている。近年においては、資源の有効利用及び環境保護等の点から電気機器のリサイクルが行われており、リサイクルを行う際には電気機器を解体して各部品毎に再生処理を行う必要がある。 An electric device is configured by connecting a large number of parts to each other, and a method such as screwing, snap-fit for engaging a hook and a groove, welding, or adhesion using an adhesive is used to connect the parts. In recent years, electrical equipment is recycled from the viewpoint of effective use of resources, environmental protection, and the like. When recycling is performed, it is necessary to disassemble the electrical equipment and perform a recycling process for each part.

しかし、従来の電気機器では、簡単に大量生産を行うために組み立て性が重視され、又は部品の結合強度が重視されており、リサイクルを行う場合の機器の解体の行いやすさについては重視されていなかった。このため、一見しただけでは解体方法がわからない、又は解体を行うために多数の工具を必要とする等の問題があり、解体を行うために必要な時間及びコスト等の増大を招いていた。 However, in conventional electrical equipment, assembly is important for easy mass production, or the bonding strength of parts is important, and the ease of disassembly of equipment when recycling is emphasized. There wasn't. For this reason, there is a problem that the disassembling method is not understood at first glance, or there are problems such as requiring a large number of tools for disassembling, and the time and cost necessary for disassembling are increased.

特許文献１においては、電子計算機のキーボードのキートップを基板上に設けられたキースイッチに固定する場合に、キートップの形状記憶合金による引っかきに、予め加熱した際に引っかきが外れる方向に変形する形状を記憶させておき、キートップの引っかきをキースイッチに引っかけて固定する部品連結方式が提案されている。この方式では、キーボードを解体する場合に、キーボードを逆さまにして加熱するのみでキートップをキースイッチから外すことができる。 In Patent Document 1, when a key top of a keyboard of an electronic computer is fixed to a key switch provided on a substrate, the key top is scratched by a shape memory alloy and deformed in a direction in which the scratch is removed when heated in advance. There has been proposed a component coupling method in which the shape is stored and the key top scratch is hooked on the key switch and fixed. In this method, when disassembling the keyboard, the key top can be removed from the key switch simply by heating the keyboard upside down.

特許文献２においては、筐体に形成された穴に嵌合する爪部を実装部品に形成し、所定温度において爪部が穴の半径方向に縮径するように変形する構成とすることにより、筐体と実装部品の接続部分に外部からエネルギーを与えて加熱し、爪部を変形させて接続を解除することができる接続構造及び接続解除方法が提案されている。 In Patent Document 2, a claw part that fits into a hole formed in the housing is formed on the mounting component, and the claw part is deformed so that the diameter of the claw part is reduced in the radial direction of the hole at a predetermined temperature. There has been proposed a connection structure and a connection release method capable of releasing the connection by applying energy from the outside to the connection part of the housing and the mounted component and heating it to deform the claw part.

特許文献３においては、筒状のねじ部に三角形状の切り込みを形成し、高温下ではねじ部が内側へ変形して縮径するようにした形状記憶合金製のねじと、ねじのねじ部内に挿入してねじの締め付けを補強し、高温下で縮径する筒状の締結補強具とを備える締結部材が提案されている。この締結部材は、加熱することによりねじ部が縮径するためねじ穴から抜けやすくなり、解体を簡単に行うことができる。 In Patent Document 3, a triangular memory notch is formed in a cylindrical threaded portion, and the threaded portion is deformed inwardly at a high temperature so that the diameter of the threaded portion is reduced. There has been proposed a fastening member that includes a cylindrical fastening reinforcement that is inserted to reinforce the tightening of a screw and reduce the diameter at high temperatures. When the fastening member is heated, the diameter of the thread portion is reduced, so that the fastening member is easily removed from the screw hole, and can be easily disassembled.

特許文献４においては、円筒状をなし、外周の一部に雄ねじが形成され、軸長方向にスリットが形成されたシャフトと、シャフトに嵌合するリング状をなし、軸長方向にスリットが形成されたヘッダとを備えるねじが提案されている。このねじにおいては、シャフト及びヘッダが形状記憶材料により形成されて特定の温度で径が広がるように変形するようにしてあり、ヘッダが変形する温度をシャフトが変形する温度より高く設定してある。これにより、２つの部品を固定する場合には、ねじを固定した後にシャフトを拡径させてねじのゆるみ止めを行うことができ、解体を行う場合には、シャフトを拡径させて取り外し、２つの部品の固定を解除することができる。
特開平６−１５９３３１号公報特開２００１−１５９５６号公報特開２００３−２１４４１９号公報特開２００４−１００９００号公報 In Patent Document 4, a cylindrical shape is formed, a male screw is formed on a part of the outer periphery, a slit is formed in the axial length direction, and a ring shape is fitted to the shaft, and a slit is formed in the axial length direction. There has been proposed a screw with a modified header. In this screw, the shaft and the header are made of a shape memory material and deformed so that the diameter expands at a specific temperature, and the temperature at which the header deforms is set higher than the temperature at which the shaft deforms. As a result, when fixing two parts, the shaft can be expanded after fixing the screw to prevent the screw from loosening. When disassembling, the shaft can be expanded and removed. One part can be unlocked.
JP-A-6-159331 JP 2001-15156 A JP 2003-214419 A JP 2004-100900 A

しかしながら、特許文献１に記載の部品連結方式及び特許文献２に記載の接続構造においては、固定する２つの部材の一方に爪状部分を形状記憶合金で形成し、他方に爪状部分を引っかけることにより固定を行う構成であるため、固定の強度が弱いという問題がある。また、部材ごとに爪部分を形状記憶合金で形成しなければならず、汎用性が低いという問題がある。 However, in the component coupling method described in Patent Document 1 and the connection structure described in Patent Document 2, a claw-shaped portion is formed of a shape memory alloy on one of two members to be fixed, and the claw-shaped portion is hooked on the other. Therefore, there is a problem that the fixing strength is weak. Moreover, a nail | claw part must be formed with a shape memory alloy for every member, and there exists a problem that versatility is low.

また、特許文献３に記載の締結部材及び特許文献４に記載のねじにおいては、固定する２つの部材には貫通孔とねじ穴とを形成すればよいため汎用性は高いが、締結部材及びねじのねじ部分が中空であるため強度が弱いという問題がある。 In addition, the fastening member described in Patent Document 3 and the screw described in Patent Document 4 are high in versatility because it is only necessary to form a through hole and a screw hole in the two members to be fixed. There is a problem that the strength of the screw portion is weak because the screw portion is hollow.

本発明は、斯かる事情に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的とするところは、第１の部材に形成された貫通孔にねじを通して第２の部材に固定する場合に、ねじを形状記憶材料で形成し、ねじの一端側に設けられた係止部による係止が特定温度にて解除される構成とすることにより、ねじ止めして確実に固定を行うことができ、ねじ止めされた２つの部材の固定を加熱することで簡単に解除できる固定構造を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to form a screw when the screw is fixed to the second member through the through hole formed in the first member. It is made of a memory material and can be securely fixed by screwing with a structure in which locking by a locking part provided on one end side of the screw is released at a specific temperature. Another object of the present invention is to provide a fixing structure that can be easily released by heating the two members.

また本発明の他の目的とするところは、ねじ軸の一端に設けられたねじ頭部の周囲に花弁状に当接板部を設け、特定温度にて当接板部がねじ軸部の軸心方向へ曲がる構成とすることにより、当接板部により係止された第１の部材を加熱により簡単に取り外すことができる固定構造を提供することにある。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a contact plate portion in the shape of a petal around a screw head provided at one end of the screw shaft, and the contact plate portion is a shaft of the screw shaft portion at a specific temperature. It is providing the fixing structure which can remove easily the 1st member latched by the contact plate part by heating by setting it as the structure bent to a core direction.

また本発明の他の目的とするところは、第１の部材及び第２の部材を離隔する方向へ付勢する付勢部材を備える構成とすることにより、ねじによる係止が解除された第１の部材及び第２の部材を簡単に解体することができる固定構造を提供することにある。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a biasing member that biases the first member and the second member in the direction of separating the first member, so that the first locking released by the screw is released. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fixing structure that can easily disassemble the member and the second member.

また本発明の他の目的とするところは、付勢部材を形状記憶材料で形成し、特定温度にて付勢を行う形状に変化させる構成とすることにより、特定温度以外では第１の部材及び第２の部材を離隔する方向へ付勢しない固定構造を提供することにある。 Another object of the present invention is that the urging member is formed of a shape memory material and is changed into a shape to be urged at a specific temperature. An object of the present invention is to provide a fixing structure that does not bias the second member in the direction of separating.

また本発明の他の目的とするところは、ねじ軸の一端に設けられたねじ頭部の周囲に花弁状に当接板部を設け、特定温度にて当接板部がねじ軸部の軸心方向へ曲がる構成とすることにより、２つの部材の固定を過熱により簡単に解除することができるねじを提供することにある。 Another object of the present invention is to provide a contact plate portion in the shape of a petal around a screw head provided at one end of the screw shaft, and the contact plate portion is a shaft of the screw shaft portion at a specific temperature. An object of the present invention is to provide a screw that can be easily released by overheating by fixing the two members by bending the core.

本発明に係る固定構造は、第１の部材に形成された貫通孔を挿通して第２の部材にねじをねじ込むことにより、前記第１の部材及び前記第２の部材を固定するようにしてある固定構造において、前記ねじは、形状記憶材料により形成され、ねじ溝が形成されたねじ軸部と、該ねじ軸部の一端側に設けられ、前記貫通孔の周縁に当接して前記第１の部材を係止する係止部とを有し、該係止部は、特定温度にて係止を解除する形状に変化するようにしてあり、前記特定温度にて前記第１の部材及び前記第２の部材の固定を解除するようにしてあることを特徴とする。 The fixing structure according to the present invention is configured to fix the first member and the second member by inserting a through hole formed in the first member and screwing a screw into the second member. In a certain fixing structure, the screw is formed of a shape memory material, and is provided on a screw shaft portion in which a screw groove is formed, on one end side of the screw shaft portion, and abuts on a peripheral edge of the through hole. A locking portion that locks the member, and the locking portion is configured to change to a shape that releases the locking at a specific temperature, and the first member and the The second member is released from being fixed.

本発明においては、第１の部材に貫通孔を形成し、第２の部材には例えばねじ穴を形成し、ねじ軸部を貫通孔に挿通してねじ穴に螺合させ、ねじの係止部により第１の部材を係止することで、第１の部材を第２の部材に固定する。ねじを形状記憶材料にて形成し、特定温度にて係止部の係止が解除される形状に変化するようにしておく。これにより、ねじを加熱するのみで係止部による第１の部材の係止が解除され、第１の部材及び第２の部材の固定を解除することができる。 In the present invention, a through hole is formed in the first member, a screw hole is formed in the second member, for example, a screw shaft portion is inserted into the through hole and screwed into the screw hole, and the screw is locked. The first member is fixed to the second member by locking the first member by the portion. The screw is formed of a shape memory material, and is changed into a shape that unlocks the locking portion at a specific temperature. Thereby, the latching of the first member by the latching portion is released only by heating the screw, and the fixing of the first member and the second member can be released.

また、本発明に係る固定構造は、前記係止部が、前記ねじ軸部の一端に設けられたねじ頭部と、該ねじ頭部の周囲に花弁状に設けられた当接板部とを有し、特定温度にて、前記当接板部が、前記ねじ軸部の軸心方向の前記ねじ頭部が設けられた端部側へ曲がった形状に変化するようにしてあることを特徴とする。 Further, in the fixing structure according to the present invention, the locking portion includes a screw head provided at one end of the screw shaft portion, and a contact plate portion provided in a petal shape around the screw head. And having a specific temperature, the abutting plate portion is changed into a shape bent toward an end portion provided with the screw head portion in the axial direction of the screw shaft portion. To do.

本発明においては、ねじ頭部に花弁状に設けた当接板部を、特定温度にてねじ軸部の軸心方向へ曲がるようにしておく。常温では貫通孔周縁に当接して第１の部材を係止していた当接板部が、加熱による形状変化によって軸心方向へ曲がり、ねじ頭部が第１の部材の貫通孔を通過可能な状態となる。よって、ねじが第２の部材に螺合した状態のまま、第１の部材を外すことが可能となる。 In the present invention, the contact plate provided in the petal shape on the screw head is bent in the axial direction of the screw shaft at a specific temperature. At normal temperature, the contact plate that contacts the periphery of the through hole and locks the first member bends in the axial direction due to the shape change caused by heating, and the screw head can pass through the through hole of the first member. It becomes a state. Therefore, the first member can be removed while the screw is screwed to the second member.

また、本発明に係る固定構造は、前記第１の部材及び前記第２の部材を離隔する方向へ付勢する付勢部材を備えることを特徴とする。 Moreover, the fixing structure according to the present invention is characterized in that it includes a biasing member that biases the first member and the second member in the direction of separating them.

本発明においては、第１の部材及び第２の部材を離隔する方向へ付勢する付勢部材を備えて、ねじを加熱して形状変形させ、第１の部材及び第２の部材の固定を解除した場合に、付勢手段が第１の部材を第２の部材から自動的に離隔させる。 In the present invention, an urging member that urges the first member and the second member in a separating direction is provided, the screw is heated to deform the shape, and the first member and the second member are fixed. When released, the biasing means automatically separates the first member from the second member.

また、本発明に係る固定構造は、前記付勢部材が、形状記憶材料により形成され、特定温度にて前記第１の部材及び前記第２の部材を離隔する方向へ付勢する形状に変化するようにしてあることを特徴とする。 In the fixing structure according to the present invention, the urging member is formed of a shape memory material, and changes to a shape that urges the first member and the second member in a direction away from each other at a specific temperature. It is characterized by the above.

本発明においては、付勢部材を形状記憶材料で形成し、特定温度にて付勢を行う形状に変化させる。常温時には第１の部材及び第２の部材を離隔方向へ付勢しないため、第１の部材、第２の部材、ねじ及びこれらの係合部分に余分な負荷が加わることを防止できる。 In the present invention, the urging member is formed of a shape memory material and is changed into a shape that urges at a specific temperature. Since the first member and the second member are not urged in the separation direction at normal temperature, it is possible to prevent an extra load from being applied to the first member, the second member, the screw, and their engaging portions.

また、本発明に係るねじは、ねじ溝が形成されたねじ軸部と、該ねじ軸の一端に設けられたねじ頭部と、該ねじ頭部の周囲に花弁状に設けられた当接板部とを備え、形状記憶材料により形成され、特定温度にて、前記当接板部が、前記ねじ軸部の軸心方向の前記ねじ頭部が設けられた端部側へ曲がった形状に変化するようにしてあることを特徴とする。 The screw according to the present invention includes a screw shaft portion in which a screw groove is formed, a screw head provided at one end of the screw shaft, and a contact plate provided in a petal shape around the screw head. The contact plate is formed into a shape memory material, and at a specific temperature, the contact plate changes into a shape bent toward the end where the screw head in the axial direction of the screw shaft is provided. It is made to do so.

本発明においては、ねじ軸部、ねじ頭部及びねじ頭部に花弁状に設けた当接板部を有するねじを形状記憶材料で形成する。このねじは、従来のねじとほぼ同じ形状であるため、従来品の代替としてそのまま用いることができる。また、ねじ頭部に花弁状に設けた当接板部を、特定温度にてねじ軸部の軸心方向へ曲がるようにしておくことで、ねじが一方の部材に螺合した状態のまま加熱して、他方の部材を外すことができる。 In the present invention, a screw having a screw shaft portion, a screw head, and a contact plate provided in a petal shape on the screw head is formed of a shape memory material. Since this screw has almost the same shape as the conventional screw, it can be used as it is as an alternative to the conventional product. In addition, the contact plate provided in the petal shape on the screw head is bent in the axial direction of the screw shaft at a specific temperature so that the screw is heated while being screwed to one member. Then, the other member can be removed.

本発明による場合は、第１の部材に形成された貫通孔にねじを通して第２の部材に固定する場合に、ねじを形状記憶材料で形成し、ねじの一端側に設けられた係止部による係止が、特定温度にて解除される構成とすることにより、ねじを加熱するのみで係止部による第１の部材の係止が解除され、第１の部材及び第２の部材の固定を解除することができるため、この固定構造により組み立てられた機器をリサイクルする場合に、機器の解体を加熱のみで簡単に行うことができ、解体に必要な時間及びコストを削減することができる。 In the case of the present invention, when the screw is fixed to the second member through the through hole formed in the first member, the screw is formed of a shape memory material, and the locking portion provided on one end side of the screw is used. By adopting a configuration in which the locking is released at a specific temperature, the first member and the second member are fixed by releasing the locking of the first member by the locking portion only by heating the screw. Since the device can be released, when the device assembled by this fixing structure is recycled, the device can be easily disassembled only by heating, and the time and cost required for disassembly can be reduced.

また、本発明による場合は、ねじ頭部の周囲に花弁状に当接板部を設け、特定温度にて当接板部がねじ軸部の軸心方向へ曲がる構成とすることにより、当接板部が加熱による形状変化で軸心方向へ曲がり、ねじ頭部が第１の部材の貫通孔を通過可能な状態となり、ねじが第２の部材に螺合した状態のまま、第１の部材を外すことが可能となるため、この固定構造により組み立てられた機器の解体を加熱のみで簡単に行うことができ、解体に必要な時間及びコストを削減することができる。 In the case of the present invention, a contact plate portion is provided in the shape of a petal around the screw head, and the contact plate portion bends in the axial direction of the screw shaft portion at a specific temperature. The plate member bends in the axial direction due to a shape change due to heating, the screw head can pass through the through hole of the first member, and the screw is screwed into the second member. Therefore, it is possible to easily disassemble the device assembled by this fixing structure only by heating, and it is possible to reduce the time and cost required for disassembly.

また、本発明による場合は、第１の部材及び第２の部材を離隔する方向へ付勢する付勢部材を備える構成とすることにより、ねじを加熱して形状変形させ、第１の部材及び第２の部材の固定を解除した場合に、付勢手段が第１の部材を第２の部材から自動的に離隔させることができるため、この固定構造により組み立てられた機器の解体をより簡単に行うことができ、解体に必要な時間及びコストをより削減することができる。 Further, in the case of the present invention, by providing a biasing member that biases the first member and the second member in the direction of separating, the screw is heated and deformed, and the first member and When the fixing of the second member is released, the biasing means can automatically separate the first member from the second member, so that the assembly of the device assembled by this fixing structure can be made easier. This can be done, and the time and cost required for dismantling can be further reduced.

また、本発明による場合は、付勢部材を形状記憶材料で形成し、特定温度にて付勢を行う形状に変化させる構成とすることにより、特定温度以外では第１の部材及び第２の部材を離隔する方向へ付勢せず、第１の部材、第２の部材、ねじ及びこれらの係合部分に余分な負荷が加わることを防止できるため、付勢部材の付勢により第１の部材、第２の部材又はねじ等が破壊されることを防止できる。 Further, in the case of the present invention, the biasing member is formed of a shape memory material and is changed to a shape for biasing at a specific temperature, so that the first member and the second member are other than the specific temperature. The first member, the second member, the screw, and the engagement portion thereof can be prevented from being subjected to an excessive load without being biased in the direction of separating the first member. The second member or the screw can be prevented from being broken.

また、本発明による場合は、ねじ軸部、ねじ頭部及びねじ頭部に花弁状に設けた当接板部を有するねじを形状記憶材料で形成する構成とすることにより、従来のねじとほぼ同じ形状であるため、２つの部材の形状を変えることなく固定を行うことができ、汎用性が高く、また、強固に２つの部材の固定を行うことができる。また、２つの部材の固定を過熱により簡単に解除することができるため、このねじを用いて組み立てられた機器をリサイクルする場合に、機器の解体を加熱のみで簡単に行うことができ、解体に必要な時間及びコストを削減することができる。 In the case of the present invention, the screw shaft portion, the screw head, and the screw having a petal-like contact plate provided on the screw head are formed of a shape memory material so that the screw is almost the same as a conventional screw. Since they have the same shape, they can be fixed without changing the shapes of the two members, are highly versatile, and can firmly fix the two members. In addition, since the two members can be easily fixed by overheating, when recycling equipment assembled using these screws, the equipment can be easily disassembled simply by heating. The required time and cost can be reduced.

以下、本発明をその実施の形態を示す図面に基づき具体的に説明する。図１は、本発明に係るねじの構造を示す模式図であり、（ａ）にはねじの上面図を示し、（ｂ）にはねじの側断面図を示してある。図において１が本発明に係るねじであり、ねじ１は、略円錐台形をなし、ねじ溝が形成されたねじ軸部２と、ねじ軸部２の径が大きい方の端部に設けられた略半球状のねじ頭部３とを備えている。また、ねじ頭部３のねじ軸部２との境界近傍部分から略長方形の板状をなす８つの当接板部４、４…が花弁状に、即ち当接板部４、４…の表裏面がねじ軸部２の軸心方向を向くようにねじ頭部３の周囲の８方向へ等間隔に設けられている。また、ねじ頭部３の直径は、ねじ軸部２の最大径と略同じか又は若干小さくしてある。ねじ１は形状記憶合金により形成されるものであり、図１に示す形状は常温下での形状である。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings showing embodiments thereof. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a screw according to the present invention, wherein (a) shows a top view of the screw and (b) shows a side sectional view of the screw. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a screw according to the present invention. The screw 1 has a substantially frustoconical shape, and is provided at a screw shaft portion 2 in which a screw groove is formed, and an end portion having a larger diameter of the screw shaft portion 2. A substantially hemispherical screw head 3 is provided. Further, the eight contact plate portions 4, 4... That form a substantially rectangular plate shape from the vicinity of the boundary between the screw head 3 and the screw shaft portion 2 are petal-shaped, that is, a table of the contact plate portions 4, 4,. Eight directions around the screw head 3 are provided at equal intervals so that the back surface faces the axial direction of the screw shaft portion 2. The diameter of the screw head 3 is substantially the same as or slightly smaller than the maximum diameter of the screw shaft 2. The screw 1 is formed of a shape memory alloy, and the shape shown in FIG. 1 is a shape at room temperature.

図２は、本発明に係るねじ１の高温下での形状を示す模式図であり、（ａ）にはねじ１の上面図を示し、（ｂ）にはねじ１の側断面図を示してある。ねじ１は、例えば６０℃〜７０℃程度以上の高温下において、当接板部４、４…がねじ頭部３との境界近傍部分でねじ頭部３側へ略直角に折れ曲がった形状に変化するようにしてある。これにより、ねじ１の最大幅は、常温下ではねじ頭部３の直径（ねじ軸部２の最大径に略等しい）及び２つの当接板部４の長さの合計程度であるが、高温下ではねじ軸部２の最大径程度に小さくなるようにしてある。 2A and 2B are schematic views showing the shape of the screw 1 according to the present invention at a high temperature. FIG. 2A shows a top view of the screw 1 and FIG. 2B shows a side sectional view of the screw 1. is there. The screw 1 changes to a shape in which the contact plate portions 4, 4,... Are bent substantially perpendicularly to the screw head 3 side in the vicinity of the boundary with the screw head 3 at a high temperature of, for example, about 60 ° C. to 70 ° C. or higher. I have to do it. As a result, the maximum width of the screw 1 is approximately the sum of the diameter of the screw head 3 (substantially equal to the maximum diameter of the screw shaft portion 2) and the length of the two contact plate portions 4 at room temperature. Below, it is made to become as small as the maximum diameter of the screw shaft portion 2.

図３は、本発明に係る位置決め部材の構成を示す模式図であり、（ａ）には位置決め部材の上面図を示し、（ｂ）には位置決め部材の側面図を示してある。本発明に係る位置決め部材１０は、コイルばねを圧縮した状態で固定した円柱状のばね部１１を備え、ばね部１１の両端側はそれぞれ円盤状の平面にしてあり、この平面からばね部１１より直径が若干小さい略円柱状の突起部１２、１２が突設されている。位置決め部材１０は、２つの他の部材の相対位置を決定するために用いられ、２つの他の部材に形成された貫通孔に突起部１２、１２をそれぞれ挿入することで相対位置を決定するものである。また、位置決め部材１０は形状記憶合金により形成されるものであり、図３に示す形状は常温下での形状である。 3A and 3B are schematic views showing the configuration of the positioning member according to the present invention. FIG. 3A is a top view of the positioning member, and FIG. 3B is a side view of the positioning member. The positioning member 10 according to the present invention includes a columnar spring portion 11 fixed in a compressed state of a coil spring, and both end sides of the spring portion 11 are respectively disk-shaped planes. Protrusions 12 and 12 having a substantially cylindrical shape with a slightly smaller diameter are provided. The positioning member 10 is used to determine the relative position of two other members, and determines the relative position by inserting the protrusions 12 and 12 into the through holes formed in the two other members, respectively. It is. The positioning member 10 is made of a shape memory alloy, and the shape shown in FIG. 3 is a shape at room temperature.

図４は、本発明に係る位置決め部材１０の高温下での形状を示す模式図であり、（ａ）には位置決め部材１０の上面図を示し、（ｂ）には位置決め部材１０の側面図を示してある。位置決め部材１０は、例えば６０℃〜７０℃程度以上の高温下において、ばね部１１が伸張された形状に変化するようにしてある。これにより、位置決め部材１０のばね部１１を圧縮する方向に力を加えた場合、ばね部１１にこれに反発する力が生じるため、位置決め部材１０を付勢部材として利用することができるようにしてある。 4A and 4B are schematic views showing the shape of the positioning member 10 according to the present invention at a high temperature. FIG. 4A is a top view of the positioning member 10, and FIG. 4B is a side view of the positioning member 10. It is shown. The positioning member 10 is configured to change into a shape in which the spring portion 11 is extended at a high temperature of, for example, about 60 ° C. to 70 ° C. or more. Thereby, when a force is applied in the direction in which the spring portion 11 of the positioning member 10 is compressed, a force repelling the spring portion 11 is generated, so that the positioning member 10 can be used as an urging member. is there.

図５は、本発明に係るねじ１及び位置決め部材１０を用いた電気機器の組立工程を示す模式図であり、アルファベットの順に時系列で図示してある。また、図６は、図５の一部拡大図であり、ねじ１による固定部分近傍を拡大して図示してある。図５及び図６に示す組立工程は、例えば液晶テレビ、プロジェクタ又はハードディスクレコーダ等の電気機器を組み立てる工程であり、電気機器のシャーシ３０に回路基板２０をねじ１を用いて固定するようにしてある。 FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing an assembly process of an electric device using the screw 1 and the positioning member 10 according to the present invention, which are illustrated in chronological order in alphabetical order. FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 5, in which the vicinity of the fixing portion by the screw 1 is enlarged. The assembly process shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 is a process of assembling an electric device such as a liquid crystal television, a projector, or a hard disk recorder, for example, and the circuit board 20 is fixed to the chassis 30 of the electric device using the screws 1. .

回路基板２０は、略長方形の板状をなしており、複数のねじ１、１…のねじ軸部２、２…により挿通される複数の貫通孔２１、２１…が形成され、また、四隅にはシャーシ３０に対する位置決めを行うための貫通孔２２、２２…が形成されている。位置決め用の貫通孔２２、２２…の直径は、位置決め部材１０の突起部１２、１２の直径と略同じにしてあり、位置決め部材の突起部１２、１２と嵌合することができるようにしてある。 The circuit board 20 has a substantially rectangular plate shape, and is formed with a plurality of through-holes 21, 21... Inserted through the screw shaft portions 2, 2. Are formed with through holes 22 for positioning with respect to the chassis 30. The diameters of the positioning through holes 22, 22... Are substantially the same as the diameters of the protrusions 12, 12 of the positioning member 10, and can be fitted to the protrusions 12, 12 of the positioning member. .

シャーシ３０は合成樹脂により形成されるものであり、回路基板２０との位置決めを行うための貫通孔３１、３１…と、ねじ１、１…のねじ軸部２、２…が挿入される挿入穴３３、３３…が軸心にそれぞれ形成された略円筒状の突起であるねじ受け部３２、３２…とが形成されている。位置決めを行うための貫通孔３１、３１…は、位置決め部材１０の突起部１２、１２の直径と略同じにしてあり、位置決め部材の突起部１２、１２が嵌合することができるようにしてある。また、ねじ受け部３２、３２…の挿入穴３３、３３…の直径は、ねじ１のねじ軸部２の最大径より小さく、最小径より大きくしてあり、ねじ受け部３２、３２…の高さは、位置決め部材１０の長さ及び回路基板２０の厚さの合計程度にしてある。なお、回路基板２０の貫通孔２１、２１…の直径は、シャーシ３０のねじ受け部３２、３２…の直径と略同じにしてあり、ねじ受け部３２、３２…が貫通孔２１、２１…と嵌合することができるようにしてある。 The chassis 30 is made of synthetic resin, and is inserted through holes 31, 31... For positioning with the circuit board 20 and screw shafts 2, 2,. .. Are formed with screw receiving portions 32, 32... That are substantially cylindrical protrusions formed respectively on the shaft centers. The through holes 31, 31 for positioning are substantially the same as the diameters of the projections 12, 12 of the positioning member 10, so that the projections 12, 12 of the positioning member can be fitted. . The diameters of the insertion holes 33, 33,... Of the screw receiving portions 32, 32... Are smaller than the maximum diameter of the screw shaft portion 2 of the screw 1 and larger than the minimum diameter, and the height of the screw receiving portions 32, 32. The height is set to the total of the length of the positioning member 10 and the thickness of the circuit board 20. The diameter of the through holes 21, 21... Of the circuit board 20 is substantially the same as the diameter of the screw receiving portions 32, 32... Of the chassis 30, and the screw receiving portions 32, 32. It can be fitted.

回路基板２０及びシャーシ３０の固定を行う場合、まず、回路基板２０の位置決め用の貫通孔２２、２２…と、シャーシ３０の位置決め用の貫通孔３１、３１…とがそれぞれ対向するように、回路基板２０をシャーシ３０の取り付け面に対して対向配置し、対向する回路基板２０の貫通孔２２、２２…及びシャーシ３０の貫通孔３１、３１…の間にそれぞれ位置決め部材１０、１０…を挟むように、位置決め部材１０、１０…の両側の突起部１２、１２…をそれぞれ対向する貫通孔２２、２２…及び貫通孔３１、３１…に嵌合させる。これにより、回路基板２０及びシャーシ３０の相対位置を決定できると共に、位置決め部材１０、１０…により回路基板２０がシャーシ３０に対向した状態で支持される。 When the circuit board 20 and the chassis 30 are fixed, first, the circuit board 20 is positioned so that the positioning through holes 22, 22... Of the circuit board 20 and the positioning through holes 31, 31. The board 20 is disposed opposite to the mounting surface of the chassis 30, and the positioning members 10, 10... Are sandwiched between the through holes 22, 22. Are fitted into the through holes 22, 22... And the through holes 31, 31. Thereby, the relative position between the circuit board 20 and the chassis 30 can be determined, and the circuit board 20 is supported by the positioning members 10, 10.

回路基板２０の四隅の位置が、位置決め部材１０、１０…により所定の位置に決定された場合、シャーシ３０のねじ受け部３２、３２…は、回路基板２０の貫通孔２１、２１…に嵌合される。その後、ねじ受け部３２、３２…の挿入穴３３、３３…にねじ１、１…を回転させながら挿入する。挿入穴３３にはねじ１、１…のねじ軸部２、２…に螺合するねじ溝が形成されていなくても、シャーシ３０及びねじ受け部３２、３２…は合成樹脂製であるため、ねじ１、１…を回転させながら挿入することで、挿入穴３３の周壁にねじ溝を形成しながらねじ１、１…を挿入して螺合させることができる。 When the positions of the four corners of the circuit board 20 are determined at predetermined positions by the positioning members 10, 10..., The screw receiving portions 32, 32. Is done. Thereafter, the screws 1, 1... Are inserted into the insertion holes 33, 33. Even though the insertion hole 33 is not formed with a screw groove to be screwed into the screw shaft portions 2, 2 ... of the screws 1, 1, ..., the chassis 30 and the screw receiving portions 32, 32 ... are made of synthetic resin, By inserting the screws 1, 1... While rotating, the screws 1, 1... Can be inserted and screwed together while forming a screw groove in the peripheral wall of the insertion hole 33.

ねじ１、１…をねじ受け部３２、３２…に挿入して螺合させた場合、ねじ１、１…の当接板部４、４…が回路基板２０の表面に当接するため、回路基板２０及びシャーシ３０を離隔させる方向に移動不可能に係止することができ、また、回路基板２０及びシャーシ３０の間には位置決め部材１０、１０…が挟まれているため、回路基板２０及びシャーシ３０を近接される方向に移動不可能に係止することができる。よって、回路基板２０はシャーシ３０に対して不動に固定される。 When the screws 1, 1,... Are inserted into the screw receiving portions 32, 32, and screwed together, the contact plate portions 4, 4,. 20 and the chassis 30 can be locked so as not to move, and the positioning members 10, 10... Are sandwiched between the circuit board 20 and the chassis 30. 30 can be locked so as not to be movable in the approaching direction. Therefore, the circuit board 20 is fixed to the chassis 30 in a stationary manner.

図７は、本発明に係るねじ１及び位置決め部材１０を用いて組み立てられた電気機器の解体工程を示す模式図であり、アルファベットの順に時系列で図示してある。また、図８は、図７の一部拡大図であり、ねじ１による固定部分近傍を拡大して図示してある。 FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a disassembly process of an electric device assembled using the screw 1 and the positioning member 10 according to the present invention, and is illustrated in chronological order in alphabetical order. FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 7, in which the vicinity of the fixed portion by the screw 1 is enlarged.

ねじ１、１…及び位置決め部材１０、１０…を用いて固定された回路基板２０及びシャーシ３０を解体する場合、例えば固定された状態の回路基板２０およびシャーシ３０を有する電気機器を高温槽に投入するか、又は回路基板２０の表面に高温風を当てるか等の処理を行うことによりねじ１、１…及び位置決め部材１０、１０…の温度を上昇させる。これにより、ねじ１、１…及び位置決め部材１０、１０…は記憶されていた形状に変化する（図２及び図４参照）。 When disassembling the circuit board 20 and the chassis 30 fixed using the screws 1, 1,... And the positioning members 10, 10,..., For example, an electric device having the circuit board 20 and the chassis 30 in a fixed state is put into a high-temperature bath. The temperature of the screws 1, 1... And the positioning members 10, 10... Is increased by performing a process such as applying high temperature air to the surface of the circuit board 20. Thereby, the screws 1, 1... And the positioning members 10, 10... Change to the stored shapes (see FIGS. 2 and 4).

ねじ１、１…の形状が図２に示す形状に変化した場合、回路基板２０の表面に当接していたねじ１、１…の当接板部４、４…が当接しなくなり、ねじ１、１…の最大径が回路基板２０の貫通孔２１、２１…の直径以下となるため、ねじ１、１…による回路基板２０の係止が解除され、ねじ１、１…全体が回路基板２０の貫通孔２１、２１…を挿通可能となる。また、位置決め部材１０、１０…の形状が図４に示す形状に変化した場合、ばね部１１の弾性により回路基板２０及びシャーシ３０は離隔する方向へ付勢され、ねじ１、１…による係止が解除された回路基板２０はシャーシ３０から離隔して解体される。 When the shape of the screws 1, 1... Changes to the shape shown in FIG. 2, the contact plate portions 4, 4. The maximum diameter of 1... Is less than the diameter of the through holes 21, 21... Of the circuit board 20, so that the circuit board 20 is unlocked by the screws 1, 1. It becomes possible to insert the through holes 21, 21. Further, when the shape of the positioning members 10, 10... Changes to the shape shown in FIG. The circuit board 20 released from is separated from the chassis 30 and disassembled.

以上の構成のねじ１、１…においては、常温下でねじ１、１…は従来のねじと同様に使用することが可能であり、従来の機器の構成を変更することなくねじ１、１…を用いて組み立てを行うことができるため、汎用性が高いという利点がある。また、位置決め部材１０、１０…は常温下では付勢する力が発生しないため、機器の組み立てを行いやすいという利点がある。また、ねじ１、１…及び位置決め部材１０、１０…を用いて２つの部材を固定することにより、機器の解体を行う場合にはねじ１、１…及び位置決め部材１０、１０…を加熱するのみでよいため、解体時間及び費用等を削減することができる。 In the screws 1, 1... Configured as described above, the screws 1, 1... Can be used in the same manner as conventional screws at room temperature, and the screws 1, 1. Since it can assemble using, there exists an advantage that versatility is high. Further, since the positioning members 10, 10... Do not generate a biasing force at room temperature, there is an advantage that the device can be easily assembled. Further, by fixing the two members using the screws 1, 1... And the positioning members 10, 10..., Only the screws 1, 1. Therefore, dismantling time and cost can be reduced.

なお、本実施の形態においては、ねじ１、１…及び位置決め部材１０、１０…を用いて電気機器の回路基板２０及びシャーシ３０の固定を行う構成としたが、これに限るものではなく、２つの部材をねじにより固定する場合には本発明の構成を常に適用することが可能である。また、ねじ１、１…及び位置決め部材１０、１０…は全て形状記憶合金により形成される構成としたが、これに限るものではなく、ねじ１、１…の当接板部４、４…及び位置決め部材１０、１０…のばね部１１、１１…のみを形状記憶合金により形成する構成であってもよい。また、ねじ１、１…及び位置決め部材１０、１０…により２つの部材を固定する構成を示したが、これに限るものではなく、貫通孔が形成された２つの部材及びねじ受け部が形成された１つの部材の合計３つの部材を固定してもよく、更に多くの部材を固定する構成としてもよい。また、シャーシ３０に円柱状のねじ受け部３２、３２…を形成し、ねじ受け部３２、３２…の挿入穴３３、３３…にねじ１、１…を螺合させる構成としたが、これに限るものではなく、例えばシャーシ３０に貫通孔を形成し、この貫通孔にねじ１、１…を挿入して螺合させる構成としてもよい。 In the present embodiment, the circuit board 20 and the chassis 30 of the electrical device are fixed using the screws 1, 1,... And the positioning members 10, 10,. The configuration of the present invention can always be applied when two members are fixed by screws. Further, the screws 1, 1,... And the positioning members 10, 10,... Are all made of a shape memory alloy. The structure which forms only the spring parts 11,11 ... of the positioning members 10,10 ... with a shape memory alloy may be sufficient. Moreover, although the structure which fixes two members with the screws 1, 1 ... and the positioning members 10, 10 ... was shown, it is not restricted to this, The two members and screw receiving part in which the through-hole was formed are formed. In addition, a total of three members of a single member may be fixed, or more members may be fixed. Further, the cylindrical screw receiving portions 32, 32... Are formed in the chassis 30 and the screws 1, 1,... Are screwed into the insertion holes 33, 33. For example, a through hole may be formed in the chassis 30, and the screws 1, 1,... May be inserted into the through hole and screwed together.

また、ねじ１の当接板部４、４…は、高温下においてねじ頭部３との境界近傍にて折れ曲がった形状に変化する構成としたが、これに限るものではなく、回路基板２０の貫通孔２１の直径よりねじ１の最大径が小さくなる形状であれば、どの位置で折れ曲がってもよい。また、ねじ１は８つの当接板部４、４…を備える構成としたが、これに限るものではなく、７つ以下又は９つ以上の当接板部４、４…を備える構成であってもよい。また、ねじ１が略長方形の板状の当接板部４、４…を備える構成としたが、これに限るものではなく、例えば当接板部４、４…が略三角形又は略長円形等の板状であってもよく、更には円柱の棒状又は四角柱の棒状等であってもよい。また、高温下にて付勢する力を発する位置決め部材１０を用いる構成を示したが、これに限るものではなく、位置決め部材１０を常温下でも付勢力を発する通常のばねを用いる構成であってもよく、位置決め部材が必要でない場合はこれを用いない構成であってもよい。また、位置決め部材１０は、ばね部１１がコイルばねである構成としたが、これに限るものではなく、板ばね又はねじりコイルばね等としてもよい。また、ねじ１及び位置決め部材１０が変形する温度は同一でなくてもよい。 Further, the contact plate portions 4, 4... Of the screw 1 are configured to be bent in the vicinity of the boundary with the screw head 3 at a high temperature, but the present invention is not limited to this. As long as the maximum diameter of the screw 1 is smaller than the diameter of the through hole 21, the screw 1 may be bent at any position. Further, the screw 1 is configured to include the eight contact plate portions 4, 4..., But is not limited thereto, and is configured to include seven or less or nine or more contact plate portions 4, 4. May be. In addition, the screw 1 is configured to include the substantially rectangular plate-shaped contact plate portions 4, 4..., But is not limited thereto, for example, the contact plate portions 4, 4. It may be a plate shape, and may be a cylindrical rod shape or a square rod shape. In addition, the configuration using the positioning member 10 that generates a biasing force at a high temperature is shown, but the configuration is not limited to this, and the positioning member 10 is configured to use a normal spring that generates a biasing force even at room temperature. Alternatively, when the positioning member is not necessary, a configuration in which this is not used may be used. In addition, the positioning member 10 has a configuration in which the spring portion 11 is a coil spring, but is not limited thereto, and may be a plate spring or a torsion coil spring. Moreover, the temperature at which the screw 1 and the positioning member 10 are deformed may not be the same.

（変形例）
図９は、本発明の変形例に係るねじの構成を示す模式図であり、（ａ）にはねじの上面図を示し、（ｂ）にはねじの側断面図を示してある。変形例に係るねじ５１は、ねじ溝が形成された略円柱状のねじ軸部５２と、ねじ軸部５２の一端部に設けられた略半球状のねじ頭部５３と、ねじ頭部５３のねじ軸部５２との境界近傍から花弁状に設けられ、略長方形の板状をなす４つの当接板部５４、５４…とを備える構成である。ねじ頭部５３の直径は、ねじ軸部５２の直径と略同じか又は若干小さくしてある。また、ねじ５１は形状記憶合金により形成されるものであり、図９に示す形状は常温下での形状である。 (Modification)
FIGS. 9A and 9B are schematic views showing the configuration of a screw according to a modification of the present invention. FIG. 9A is a top view of the screw, and FIG. 9B is a side sectional view of the screw. The screw 51 according to the modification includes a substantially cylindrical screw shaft portion 52 in which a screw groove is formed, a substantially hemispherical screw head 53 provided at one end of the screw shaft portion 52, and a screw head 53. It is a structure provided with four contact board parts 54,54 ... which are provided in the shape of a petal from the boundary vicinity with the screw shaft part 52, and make a substantially rectangular plate shape. The diameter of the screw head 53 is substantially the same as or slightly smaller than the diameter of the screw shaft 52. Further, the screw 51 is formed of a shape memory alloy, and the shape shown in FIG. 9 is a shape at room temperature.

図１０は、本発明の変形例に係るねじ５１の高温下での形状を示す模式図であり、（ａ）にはねじ５１の上面図を示し、（ｂ）にはねじ５１の側断面図を示してある。ねじ５１は、例えば６０℃〜７０℃程度以上の高温下において、当接板部５４、５４…がねじ頭部５３との境界近傍部分でねじ頭部５３側へ略直角に折れ曲がった形状に変化するようにしてある。これにより、ねじ５１の最大幅は、常温下ではねじ頭部５３の直径（ねじ軸部５２の直径に略等しい）及び２つの当接板部５４の長さの合計程度であるが、高温下ではねじ軸部５２の直径程度に小さくなるようにしてある。 10A and 10B are schematic views showing the shape of the screw 51 according to a modified example of the present invention at a high temperature. FIG. 10A is a top view of the screw 51, and FIG. 10B is a side sectional view of the screw 51. Is shown. The screw 51 changes to a shape in which the contact plate portions 54, 54... Are bent substantially at right angles to the screw head 53 side in the vicinity of the boundary with the screw head 53 at a high temperature of, for example, about 60 ° C. to 70 ° C. or more. I have to do it. As a result, the maximum width of the screw 51 is about the sum of the diameter of the screw head 53 (substantially equal to the diameter of the screw shaft portion 52) and the length of the two contact plate portions 54 at room temperature. Then, it is made to become as small as the diameter of the screw shaft portion 52.

図１１は、本発明の変形例に係るねじ５１を用いた電気機器の組立工程を示す模式図であり、ねじ５１による固定部分近傍を拡大して図示してある。また、アルファベットの順に時系列で図示してあり、電気機器のシャーシ８０に回路基板７０をねじ５１を用いて固定するようにしてある。 FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing an assembly process of the electric device using the screw 51 according to the modification of the present invention, and shows the vicinity of the fixing portion by the screw 51 in an enlarged manner. The circuit boards 70 are fixed to the chassis 80 of the electrical equipment with screws 51 in the order of alphabetical order.

回路基板７０は、略長方形の板状をなしており、ねじ５１のねじ軸部５２に挿通される貫通孔７１が形成されている。貫通孔７１の直径はねじ軸部５２の直径より若干大きくしてある。シャーシ８０には、ねじ５１のねじ軸部５２が螺合するねじ穴８３が内部に形成された略円筒状の突起であるねじ受け部８２が突設されている。 The circuit board 70 has a substantially rectangular plate shape, and a through hole 71 is formed through the screw shaft portion 52 of the screw 51. The diameter of the through hole 71 is slightly larger than the diameter of the screw shaft portion 52. The chassis 80 is provided with a screw receiving portion 82 that is a substantially cylindrical protrusion having a screw hole 83 into which the screw shaft portion 52 of the screw 51 is screwed.

回路基板７０及びシャーシ８０の固定を行う場合、まず、回路基板７０の貫通孔７１及びシャーシ８０のねじ受け部８２のねじ穴８３の位置が合うように、シャーシ８０のねじ受け部８３の端部に回路基板７０を当接させる。これにより、回路基板７０はねじ受け部８２により支持された状態となる。その後、回路基板７０の貫通孔７１を通してねじ５１をシャーシ８０のねじ受け部８２のねじ穴８３に螺合させ、回路基板７０をシャーシ８０に固定する。 When the circuit board 70 and the chassis 80 are fixed, first, the end portions of the screw receiving portions 83 of the chassis 80 are aligned so that the through holes 71 of the circuit board 70 and the screw holes 83 of the screw receiving portions 82 of the chassis 80 are aligned. The circuit board 70 is brought into contact with the circuit board 70. As a result, the circuit board 70 is supported by the screw receiving portion 82. Thereafter, the screw 51 is screwed into the screw hole 83 of the screw receiving portion 82 of the chassis 80 through the through hole 71 of the circuit board 70, and the circuit board 70 is fixed to the chassis 80.

図１２は、本発明の変形例に係るねじ５１を用いて組み立てられた電気機器の解体工程を示す模式図であり、ねじ５１による固定部分近傍を拡大して図示してある。また、アルファベット順に時系列で図示してある。 FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing a disassembly process of the electric device assembled using the screw 51 according to the modified example of the present invention, and shows an enlarged view of the vicinity of the fixing portion by the screw 51. Also, they are illustrated in chronological order in alphabetical order.

ねじ５１を用いて固定された回路基板７０及びシャーシ８０を解体する場合、例えば固定された状態の回路基板７０及びシャーシ８０を有する電気機器を高温槽に投入するか、又は回路基板７０の表面に高温風を当てるか等の処理を行うことによりねじ５１の温度を上昇させる。これにより、ねじ５１は記憶されていた形状に変化する（図１０参照）。 When the circuit board 70 and the chassis 80 fixed using the screws 51 are disassembled, for example, an electric device having the circuit board 70 and the chassis 80 in a fixed state is put into a high-temperature bath, or the surface of the circuit board 70 is placed. The temperature of the screw 51 is raised by performing a process such as applying hot air. Thereby, the screw 51 changes to the memorized shape (see FIG. 10).

ねじ５１が図１０に示す形状に変化した場合、回路基板７０の表面に当接していたねじ５１の当接板部５４、５４…が当接しなくなり、ねじ５１の最大径が回路基板７０の貫通孔７１の直径以下となるため、ねじ５１による回路基板７０の係止が解除され、ねじ５１全体が回路基板７０の貫通孔７１に挿通可能となる。これにより、回路基板７０をシャーシ８０から隔離する方向へ移動させることができるようになり、ねじ５１を外すことなく電気機器を解体することができる。 When the screw 51 is changed to the shape shown in FIG. 10, the contact plate portions 54, 54... Of the screw 51 that have been in contact with the surface of the circuit board 70 do not come into contact, and the maximum diameter of the screw 51 passes through the circuit board 70. Since the diameter is equal to or smaller than the diameter of the hole 71, the locking of the circuit board 70 by the screw 51 is released, and the entire screw 51 can be inserted into the through hole 71 of the circuit board 70. As a result, the circuit board 70 can be moved in a direction to isolate it from the chassis 80, and the electric device can be disassembled without removing the screw 51.

以上の変形例に示すねじ５１は、図１及び図２に示すねじ１と同様の効果を有し、ねじ５１を加熱するのみで簡単に機器の解体を行うことができる。 The screw 51 shown in the above modified example has the same effect as the screw 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the device can be easily disassembled only by heating the screw 51.

本発明に係るねじの構造を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the screw concerning this invention. 本発明に係るねじの高温下での形状を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the shape in the high temperature of the screw concerning this invention. 本発明に係る位置決め部材の構成を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the positioning member which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る位置決め部材の高温下での形状を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the shape under the high temperature of the positioning member which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係るねじ及び位置決め部材を用いた電気機器の組立工程を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the assembly process of the electric equipment using the screw and positioning member which concern on this invention. 図５の一部拡大図である。FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 5. 本発明に係るねじ及び位置決め部材を用いて組み立てられた電気機器の解体工程を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the disassembly process of the electric equipment assembled using the screw and positioning member which concern on this invention. 図７の一部拡大図である。FIG. 8 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 7. 本発明の変形例に係るねじの構成を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the screw which concerns on the modification of this invention. 本発明の変形例に係るねじの高温下での形状を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the shape in the high temperature of the screw which concerns on the modification of this invention. 本発明の変形例に係るねじを用いた電気機器の組立工程を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the assembly process of the electric equipment using the screw which concerns on the modification of this invention. 本発明の変形例に係るねじを用いて組み立てられた電気機器の解体工程を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the disassembly process of the electric equipment assembled using the screw which concerns on the modification of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

１、５１ねじ
２、５２ねじ軸部
３、５３ねじ頭部
４、５４当接板部
１０位置決め部材（付勢部材）
１１ばね部
１２突起部
２０、７０回路基板（第１の部材）
２１、７１貫通孔
３０、８０シャーシ（第２の部材）
３２、８２ねじ受け部
３３
８３ねじ穴 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,51 Screw 2,52 Screw shaft part 3,53 Screw head part 4,54 Contact plate part 10 Positioning member (biasing member)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Spring part 12 Projection part 20, 70 Circuit board (1st member)
21, 71 Through hole 30, 80 Chassis (second member)
32, 82 Screw receiving part 33
83 Screw holes

Claims

In the fixing structure which is configured to fix the first member and the second member by inserting a through hole formed in the first member and screwing the screw into the second member.
The screw is
Formed of shape memory material,
A screw shaft portion in which a thread groove is formed;
A locking portion that is provided on one end side of the screw shaft portion and contacts the periphery of the through hole to lock the first member;
The locking portion is adapted to change into a shape that unlocks at a specific temperature,
The fixing structure, wherein the first member and the second member are released from being fixed at the specific temperature.

The locking portion is
A screw head provided at one end of the screw shaft;
A contact plate provided in the shape of a petal around the screw head;
2. The fixing according to claim 1, wherein the contact plate portion changes into a shape bent toward an end portion provided with the screw head in the axial direction of the screw shaft portion at a specific temperature. Construction.

The fixing structure according to claim 1, further comprising an urging member that urges the first member and the second member in a direction in which the first member and the second member are separated from each other.

4. The biasing member according to claim 3, wherein the biasing member is formed of a shape memory material, and changes to a shape that biases the first member and the second member in a direction separating from each other at a specific temperature. Fixed structure.

A screw shaft portion in which a thread groove is formed;
A screw head provided at one end of the screw shaft;
A contact plate provided in the shape of a petal around the screw head;
It is made of a shape memory material, and at a specific temperature, the contact plate portion changes into a shape bent toward the end portion provided with the screw head in the axial direction of the screw shaft portion. A screw characterized by that.