JP2007139203A - Ventilating structure and ventilating method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ventilating structure capable of constantly keeping superior ventilation performance without allowing external wind to impair the ventilation performance. <P>SOLUTION: In this ventilating structure 1 for taking the outside air into a ventilated object 2 from an air supply opening, circulating the outside air in the ventilated object 2, then guiding the air to an exhaust opening 5 through straight through-ducts 26, 27, 28 formed approximately horizontally from exhaust ducts, and exhausting the air from the exhaust opening 5 to the outside of the ventilated object 2, the plurality of through-ducts 26, 27, 28 are placed in the ventilated object 2 in a state that directions of at least two of the through-ducts 26, 27, 28 are not perpendicular to each other, and the exhaust ducts 29 are respectively connected with the through-ducts 26, 27, 28. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a ventilation structure and a ventilation method, and more particularly to a ventilation structure and a ventilation method that are provided in a ventilation object such as a building or a device to ventilate the inside of the ventilation object.

 In general, as an example of a ventilation structure for ventilating the inside of a ventilation target such as a device or a building, an air supply port and an exhaust port communicating with the inside and the outside are provided on the wall surface of the ventilation target, A ventilation device is provided between the two, and by operating the air blower, outside air is taken into the inside of the ventilation object from the air supply port, and this outside air is circulated through the inside of the ventilation object and discharged from the exhaust port to the outside. What was comprised so that the inside of a target object might be forced-ventilated is proposed.

 In such a ventilation structure, when the external shape of the object to be ventilated and the arrangement of the air supply and exhaust ports are not appropriate, the exhaust port is subject to a large wind pressure due to the influence of the external wind, or backflow. May occur, and ventilation performance may be significantly impaired.

Conventionally, in order to prevent the ventilation performance from being hindered by the influence of the external wind, a ventilation method having the following configuration has been proposed.
(1) Method of performing air supply / exhaust in the lower part (under the floor) As shown in FIG. 6, this method uses an air supply port 41 and an exhaust port 42 near the ground surface of a ventilation object 40 such as a device or a building, Or it is the method of arrange | positioning in under-floor space and ventilating, Comprising: The wind speed profile of an external wind becomes large according to the power law etc. which should have a small wind speed near the ground surface and go to the sky. In this method, the air supply port 41 and the exhaust port 42 are on the same plane, and even when there is a strong wind, the wind speed is close to the ground surface. Hard to be disturbed.

(2) Method of installing the air supply / exhaust ports on the same wall surface As shown in FIG. 7, this method arranges the air supply port 41 and the air exhaust port 42 on the same wall surface (side surface) of the ventilation object 40. Therefore, the air supply port 41 and the exhaust port 42 are in the same direction, the influence of the external wind is offset and is not easily affected, and the positions of the air supply port 41 and the exhaust port 42 can be set apart. The possibility of this can be avoided. Furthermore, since the height of the air supply port 41 and the exhaust port 42 can be provided at the use point, the duct space can be reduced.

(3) Method of arranging the air supply opening at the bottom and the exhaust opening at the top As shown in FIG. 8, this method installs the air supply opening 41 near the ground surface of the ventilation object 40 or in the underfloor space. In addition, an exhaust chamber 48 having an opening on the upper side is installed on the upper end face of the ventilation object 40. In this method, since the air supply port 41 is located near the ground surface, it is not easily affected by the external wind, and the opening of the exhaust chamber 48 has a negative wind pressure (external wind separation area). Since it is installed upward on the upper end of the wind, the wind pressure works in the direction that promotes ventilation on the contrary in strong winds, and ventilation performance is not hindered. Moreover, since the positions of the air supply port 41 and the exhaust port 42 are different, the possibility of a short circuit can be avoided. Furthermore, since the height of the air supply port 41 and the exhaust port 42 can be provided at the use point, the duct space can be reduced.

(4) Method of exhausting air through a through duct with the air supply port at the bottom As shown in FIG. 9, this method installs the air supply port 41 near the ground surface of the ventilation object 40 or under the floor, Since the through duct 49 is provided and the exhaust duct 50 is connected to the through duct 49 in a T shape, the air supply port 41 is at a low position close to the ground surface and is not easily affected by external wind. Further, when the external wind passes through the through duct 49, the vicinity of the outlet of the exhaust duct 50 connected to the through duct 49 in a T shape becomes negative pressure, and the wind pressure works in the direction of promoting ventilation in the case of strong wind. Performance is not hindered. Furthermore, since the positions of the air supply port 41 and the exhaust port 42 are different, the possibility of a short circuit can be avoided.

(5) Ventilation structure described in Patent Document 1 In Patent Document 1, in a building having a living room, even if the wind direction of the natural wind changes, the natural space is used to ventilate the living room. A ventilation structure configured to be able to do this has been proposed.
JP 2004-177086 A

  By the way, the method of performing air supply / exhaust in the lower part (under the floor) shown in FIG. 6 has a problem that the exhaust tends to be short-circuited to the air supply because the air supply port 41 and the exhaust port 42 are close or in the same space. Further, since it is necessary to lower the exhaust duct 45 from the upper part of the ventilation object 40 for a long distance, a large duct space is required, and when the exhaust is hot, the buoyancy and the exhaust flow direction are reversed and it is difficult to exhaust. There is a problem.

  In addition, the method of installing the air supply port 41 and the exhaust port 42 shown in FIG. 7 on the same wall surface has the effect of the wind speed profile of the external wind when the air supply port 41 is the lower side surface and the exhaust port 42 is the upper side surface. The exhaust may be difficult to exhaust, and may not always exhibit good exhaust performance. Further, when the OA shaft (space) 47 is installed on the outer wall, it receives the wind pressure from the external wind, so that it is necessary to reinforce that portion.

  Furthermore, in the method of disposing the air supply port 41 shown in FIG. 8 with the lower portion and the exhaust port 42 opened at the upper portion, the exhaust chamber 48 is subjected to wind pressure. In addition, since the opening of the exhaust chamber 48 is on the upper end face of the ventilation target object 40, in the cold region, the effect of snow accumulation is considered, and countermeasures against icicles are necessary.

  Furthermore, the method of using the air supply port 41 shown in FIG. 9 as the lower part and exhausting through the through duct 49 requires a space for installing the through duct 49. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, in the through duct 49 that only connects the windward side and the leeward side of the ventilation target object 40, when the direction of the ventilation target object 40 is orthogonal to the wind direction, the through duct 49 In some cases, the exhaust promotion effect due to the above cannot be obtained. Further, in such a case, and when the openings of both of the through ducts 49 become the reattachment area of the air current around the ventilation target object 40, both the openings of the through duct 49 are blocked by the wind pressure. In some cases, exhaust performance is significantly hindered.

  Furthermore, the ventilation structure described in Patent Document 1 includes an air supply loop duct having an air supply port, an exhaust loop duct having an exhaust port, an outside air intake duct connected to the air supply loop duct, and an outside air intake duct. The structure is complicated because it requires multiple components such as the backflow prevention / air flow adjustment damper provided in the interior, the exhaust duct connected to the exhaust loop duct, and the backflow prevention / air flow adjustment damper provided in the exhaust duct. The construction cost will be high.

  The present invention has been made in view of the conventional problems as described above, and the ventilation performance is not hindered by the influence of the external wind, and a good ventilation performance can always be obtained. An object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation structure and a ventilation method that are simple and can reduce construction costs.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following means.
That is, the invention according to claim 1 takes in outside air from the air supply port into the ventilation object, circulates the outside air through the ventilation object, and passes through the straight through duct provided substantially horizontally from the exhaust duct. A ventilation structure for guiding the air to an exhaust port and discharging the exhausted object from the exhaust port to the outside of the ventilation object, wherein a plurality of the through ducts are penetrated into the ventilation object. The ducts are provided so that the directions of the ducts are not perpendicular to each other, and an exhaust duct is connected to each through duct.

  According to the ventilation structure of the present invention, since at least any two of the plurality of through ducts function without being affected by the external wind, the ventilation performance is hindered by the external wind. There is no such thing, and the desired ventilation performance is obtained.

  The invention according to claim 2 is the ventilation structure according to claim 1, wherein the three through ducts are arranged in a triangular shape or a radial shape in the ventilation object so that their directions are not perpendicular to each other. And an exhaust duct is connected to each through duct.

  According to the ventilation structure of the present invention, at least two of the three through ducts function without being affected by the external wind, so that the ventilation performance is hindered by the external wind. There is nothing, and the desired ventilation performance is obtained.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the ventilation structure according to claim 1, wherein the five through-ducts are provided in a pentagon shape in the ventilation object so that their directions are not perpendicular to each other. An exhaust duct is connected to each through duct, respectively.

  According to the ventilation structure of the present invention, since at least two of the five through ducts function, the ventilation performance is not hindered by the external wind, and the desired ventilation performance. Will be obtained.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an exhaust port is provided in each portion of the ventilation object corresponding to an end port portion of each through duct. It is characterized by.

  According to the ventilation structure of the present invention, when external wind flows into the through duct from the exhaust port and the external wind passes through the through duct, negative pressure is generated near the junction of the exhaust duct communicating with the through duct. However, ventilation performance is enhanced by this negative pressure.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a plurality of linear through ducts are provided in a ventilation object so that directions of at least any two of the through ducts are not perpendicular to each other. An exhaust duct is connected, and the outside air taken in from the air supply port into the ventilation object is circulated through the ventilation object and is led from the exhaust duct to the exhaust port through the through duct, and the ventilation air from the exhaust port. It is characterized by being discharged out of the object.

  According to the ventilation method of the present invention, since at least any two of the plurality of through ducts function without being affected by the external wind, the ventilation performance is hindered by the external wind. There is no such thing, and the desired ventilation performance is obtained.

  As described above, according to the ventilation structure and the ventilation method of the present invention, a plurality of through ducts are provided so that at least any two of the through ducts do not have directions perpendicular to each other. Since the exhaust ducts are connected to each other, at least two through ducts can function regardless of the direction of the external wind. Therefore, the ventilation performance is not hindered by the external wind, and the desired ventilation performance can be reliably obtained.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention shown in the drawings will be described.
1 to 3 show a first embodiment of a ventilation structure according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the whole, FIG. 2 is a front view showing the whole, and FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship with a ventilation structure.

  That is, this ventilation structure 1 is effective for forcibly ventilating the inside of the ventilation target space 10 of the ventilation target object 2 such as a building or device having the ventilation target space 10 inside as shown in FIGS. The air supply duct system 20, the exhaust duct system 25, and the air blower 35 provided between the air supply duct system 20 and the exhaust duct system 25 are provided.

  The ventilation object 2 has a substantially triangular outer shape, and the inside is partitioned into two spaces 9, 10, 11 in the vertical direction by two partition plates 7, 8. An air supply duct system 20 is provided in the ventilation target space 10 to be subject to forced ventilation, and the lower space 11 is used to supply air into the ventilation target space 10. An exhaust duct system 25 for exhausting is provided.

  The lower space 11 is provided along the side of the underfloor space 12 partitioned from the ventilation target space 10 by the partition plate 8 and the ventilation target object 2, and the lower end communicates with the upper portion of the underfloor space 12. An air supply duct system 20 for taking outside air into the ventilation target space 10 is provided in the lower space 11.

  One end of the air supply duct system 20 is opened to the outside of the ventilation target object 2 via a first air supply port 21 provided at the lower end part of the outer wall 14 of the ventilation target object 2, and the other end is the upper end of the side space 13. A series of air supply passages 23 that are opened in the ventilation target space 10 through the second air supply port 22 provided in the section, and the ventilation target space 10 is externally provided through the air supply passage 23. Outside air is taken in.

 An air supply fan 36 of a blower 35 is provided in the second air supply port 22 on the other end side of the air supply passage 23, and the operation of the air supply fan 36 causes the first air supply on the one end side from the outside of the ventilation target 2. Outside air is taken into the air supply passage 23 via the air port 21, and this outside air flows through the air supply passage 23 and is guided to the second air supply port 22 on the other end side, from the second air supply port 22. It is taken into the ventilation target space 10.

  An exhaust chamber 6 that is a space partitioned from the upper space 9 is provided inside each top portion 3 of the ventilation object 2, and an opening that communicates the inside and outside of the exhaust chamber 6 is provided on the outer wall surface 4 of each top portion 3. Each part 5 is provided, and the opening 5 is formed in the exhaust port 5.

 The exhaust duct system 25 includes three through ducts 26 to 28, which are a first through duct 26, a second through duct 27, and a third through duct 28 that are horizontally provided in the space 9 above the ventilation target object 2. A series of exhaust passages 30 including exhaust ducts 29 connected to the respective through ducts 26 to 28 are provided, and the inside of the ventilation target space 10 is exhausted through the exhaust passages 30.

  Each penetration duct 26-28 makes the linear form which both ends open, and is each provided in the upper space 9 along the outer wall 14 of the ventilation target object 2 horizontally. The three through-ducts 26 to 28 are arranged in the upper space 9 so that the ends of adjacent ones are connected to each other so that adjacent ones are not orthogonal to each other and form a triangular shape. Both ends of 26 to 28 are opened in each exhaust chamber 6.

  One end of each exhaust duct 29 is connected to the longitudinal center of each of the through ducts 26 to 28 so as to form a substantially T shape, and the other end is connected to the upper end of the ventilation target space 10. At the other end of each exhaust duct 29, an exhaust fan 37 of the air blower 35 is provided, and by operating the exhaust fan 37, the inside of the ventilation target space 10 is exhausted by the exhaust duct 29, the through ducts 26 to 28, and the exhaust port. 5 is exhausted to the outside of the ventilation target object 2.

Next, the operation of the ventilation structure 1 according to the present embodiment configured as described above will be described.
First, when the air supply fan 36 and the exhaust fan 37 of the blower 35 are operated, outside air is taken into the underfloor space 12 of the air supply passage 23 from the first air supply port 21 of the air supply duct system 20, and the underfloor space 12. Is guided to the second air supply port 22 through the side space 13 and is taken into the ventilation target space 10 from the second air supply port 22.

  The outside air taken into the ventilation target space 10 is introduced into the exhaust ducts 29 of the exhaust passage 30 of the exhaust duct system 25 after passing through the ventilation target space 10 and is passed through the exhaust ducts 29 to the through ducts. 26 to 28, flows through the through ducts 26 to 28, is led into the exhaust chambers 6, and is exhausted from the exhaust chambers 6 to the outside of the ventilation target object 2 through the exhaust ports 7.

FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the ventilation structure 1 according to this embodiment and the external wind.
In this example, a change in the direction of the external wind acting on the ventilation target object 2 is shown by a diagram in which the ventilation target object 2 is rotated.

  First, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), when the external wind acts from the direction facing the first exhaust port 5a, the external wind passes through the first through duct 26 and the second through duct 27. By doing so, the vicinity of the junction of the exhaust ducts 29 communicating with the first through duct 26 and the second through duct 27 becomes negative pressure, and ventilation is promoted. In this case, the function of the third through duct 28 is inhibited. However, the function of the two through ducts 26 and 27 does not impede the ventilation performance, and the desired ventilation performance is obtained. Will be.

  In addition, as shown in FIGS. 3B, 3C, and 3D, when the external wind acts on the first exhaust port 5a from an oblique direction, the external wind mainly includes the first through duct 26 and Since the air passes through the second through duct 27 and slightly passes through the third through duct 28, the ventilation performance is not hindered by the external wind, and the desired ventilation performance is obtained.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3E, when the external wind acts on the first exhaust port 5a and the third exhaust port 5c from an oblique direction, the inside of the first through duct 26 and the third through duct 28 When the external wind passes through, the first through duct 26 and the third through duct 28 function, and the ventilation performance is not hindered by the external wind, and a desired ventilation performance is obtained. In this case, when the external wind slightly flows into the second through duct 27, the second through duct 27 functions slightly.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3 (f), when the external wind acts on the first exhaust port 5a and the third exhaust port 5c from an oblique direction, the external wind mainly includes the first through duct 26 and the first exhaust port 26a. The first through duct 26 and the third through duct 28 function mainly by passing through the third through duct 28 and slightly through the second through duct 27, and the second through duct 27 functions slightly. Thus, the ventilation performance is not hindered by the external wind, and the desired ventilation performance can be obtained.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 (g), (h), (i), and (j), when the external wind acts on the third exhaust port 5c from an oblique direction, the external wind mainly includes the second through duct 27 and the second duct. The second through duct 27 and the third through duct 28 function mainly by passing through the third through duct 28 and slightly through the first through duct 26, and the first through duct 26 functions slightly. Thus, the ventilation performance is not hindered by the external wind, and the desired ventilation performance can be obtained.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 (k) and 3 (l), when the external wind acts on the third exhaust port 5c and the second exhaust port 5b from an oblique direction, the external wind mainly includes the second through duct 27 and the first through hole. By passing through the duct 26 and slightly passing through the third through duct 28, the second through duct 27 and the first through duct 26 mainly function, and the third through duct 28 functions slightly. The ventilation performance is not hindered by the external wind, and the desired ventilation performance can be obtained.

  In the ventilation structure 1 according to the present embodiment configured as described above, even if the wind direction of the external wind that acts on the ventilation object 2 changes, the first through duct 26, the second through duct 27, and the first Since at least two of the three through ducts 28 of the three through ducts 28 function, the ventilation performance is not hindered by the influence of the external wind, and the desired ventilation performance. Will be obtained.

  In the above case, the ventilation object 2 may be in a fixed state or in a rotatable state. In the above description, the exhaust ports 5 of the exhaust duct system 25 are provided at the tops 3 of the ventilation target object 2, but are provided on the outer wall surface 14 of the ventilation target object 2, and each through duct is connected to the exhaust port 5. 26 to 28 openings may correspond to each other. Furthermore, the external shape of the ventilation object 2 is not limited to a substantially triangular shape, and may be formed in a circular shape as shown in FIG.

  FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the ventilation structure according to the present invention. This ventilation structure 1 includes three pipes including a first through duct 26, a second through duct 27, and a third through duct 28. One end portions of the through ducts 26 to 28 are connected to each other to form a radial shape, and the three through ducts 26 to 28 formed in a radial manner are arranged in the space 9 above the ventilation object 2, and each through duct is formed. The other end openings 26 to 28 are arranged in each exhaust chamber 6, and one end of the exhaust duct 29 is connected to the longitudinal center of each through duct 26 to 28. This is the same as that shown in the first embodiment.

  And even if it is in the ventilation structure 1 by this embodiment, even if the wind direction of external wind changes like the thing shown to the said 1st Embodiment, the 1st penetration duct 26 and the 2nd penetration duct 27 Since at least two of the three through ducts 26 to 28 of the third through duct 28 function, the ventilation performance is not hindered by the influence of the external wind. Ventilation performance will be obtained. In this embodiment, the ventilation target object 2 may be fixed or may be rotatable. Moreover, you may comprise so that the one exhaust duct 29 may be connected to the connection part of the three penetration ducts 26-28, without connecting the exhaust duct 29 to each penetration duct 26-28, respectively. Further, an exhaust port 5 may be provided in the outer wall surface 14 of the ventilation target object 2, and the other end openings of the three through ducts 26 to 28 that are radially connected to the exhaust port 5 may correspond to each other. .

  In each of the above-described embodiments, an example in which three through ducts of the first through duct 26, the second through duct 27, and the third through duct 28 are connected in a triangular shape or a radial shape has been described. Alternatively, six penetrating ducts may be connected so as to form a pentagonal shape or a hexagonal shape, and in this case, the same effect can be obtained.

It is the top view which showed 1st Embodiment of the ventilation structure by this invention. It is a front view of FIG. It is explanatory drawing which showed the relationship between the ventilation structure of 1st Embodiment, and external wind. It is the top view which showed the modification of the ventilation structure of 1st Embodiment. It is the top view which showed 1st Embodiment of the ventilation structure by this invention. It is the schematic which showed an example of the conventional ventilation structure. It is the schematic which showed the other example of the conventional ventilation structure. It is the schematic which showed the other example of the conventional ventilation structure. It is the schematic which showed the other example of the conventional ventilation structure. It is explanatory drawing which showed the relationship between the conventional ventilation structure and external wind.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ventilation structure 2, 40 Ventilation target object 3 Top part 4 Outer wall surface 5 Opening part (exhaust port) 5a 1st exhaust port 5b 2nd exhaust port 5c 3rd exhaust port 6 Exhaust chamber 7 Partition plate 8 Partition plate 9 Upper space 10 Central space (space to be ventilated) 11 Lower space 12 Underfloor space 13 Side space 14 Outer wall 20 Air supply duct system 21 First air inlet 22 Second air inlet 23 Air supply passage 25 Exhaust duct system 26 First Through duct 27 Second through duct 28 Third through duct 29, 45 Exhaust duct 30 Exhaust passage 35 Blower 36 Air supply fan 37 Exhaust fan 41 Air supply inlet 42 Exhaust outlet 47 OA shaft 48 Exhaust chamber 49 Through duct 50 Exhaust duct

Claims (5)

The outside air is taken into the ventilation object from the air supply port, the outside air is circulated through the ventilation object, and is led from the exhaust duct to the exhaust port through a linear through duct provided substantially horizontally. A ventilation structure for discharging outside the ventilation object,
A plurality of the through ducts are provided in the ventilation object so that at least any two of the through ducts are not perpendicular to each other, and an exhaust duct is connected to each through duct. Ventilation structure to do.   The three ventilation ducts are provided in the ventilation object in a triangular shape or a radial shape so that their directions are not perpendicular to each other, and an exhaust duct is connected to each penetration duct. The ventilation structure according to 1.   2. The five ventilation ducts are provided in the ventilation object in a pentagon shape so that their directions are not perpendicular to each other, and an exhaust duct is connected to each penetration duct. Ventilation structure.   The ventilation structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an exhaust port is provided in each portion of the ventilation object corresponding to an end port portion of each through duct. A plurality of linear through ducts are provided in the ventilation target so that at least any two of the through ducts are not perpendicular to each other, and an exhaust duct is connected to each of the through ducts. Circulating the outside air taken into the object from the air supply port through the ventilation object, leading from the exhaust duct to the exhaust port through the through duct, and discharging the air from the exhaust port to the outside of the ventilation object. Ventilation method characterized.

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