JP2007113827A - Method of capturing pollen intruded indoors - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an environment capable of controlling symptom of pollen allergy by efficiently capturing pollen intruded indoors while performing ventilation through an outside air entry portion. <P>SOLUTION: A pollen capturing portion is formed at an indoor-side lower portion of the outside air entry portion where the inside of a room and the outside world are kept into contact with each other to capture the pollen intruded indoors. The pollen capturing portion may be effectively coated with or impregnated with nonvolatile or low volatile liquid component and/or adhesive component. Further when the pollen capturing portion includes a sheet-shaped member, the sheet-shaped member may be composed of nonwoven cloth or woven cloth. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of capturing indoor pollen that effectively captures pollen that has entered the room.

  Japanese cedar and cypress pollen are allergens that cause allergic symptoms, and the specific symptoms are called hay fever. Since pollen enters the room through windows and doors, methods such as preventing the entry by closing the windows and doors are taken. However, if the outside air is shut off by closing the windows and doors, the indoor humidity rises, causing deterioration of the indoor environment, such as promoting the growth of mold and mites, so it entered the room without blocking the outside air. There is a strong need for a method that can efficiently capture pollen.

  As a pollen intrusion prevention method, Patent Document 1 discloses a method of installing a filter in a ventilation small window, and Patent Document 2 discloses a technique of a ventilation fan provided with a pollen intrusion prevention device. However, such a method can capture pollen that enters the pollen only in a limited part, but cannot capture pollen that enters from a place such as a window or a door. There are also problems such as a decrease in ventilation efficiency due to ventilation resistance and the need for expensive equipment.

Moreover, although the technique of the pollen capture | acquisition sheet | seat is disclosed by patent document 3, this technique is used for a futon cover etc., and does not suggest about the point installed in a specific location indoors. Patent Documents 4 and 5 disclose technologies for removing allergens of hay fever, which are applied to masks and the like.
JP 2005-98085 A JP 2001-280656 A JP 2004-332122 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-171387 JP-A-4-90762

  An object of the present invention is to provide an environment capable of suppressing the symptoms of hay fever by efficiently capturing pollen that has entered a room while performing ventilation through an outside air entry portion.

  As a result of examining the pollen distribution in the room in order to efficiently capture the pollen that has entered the room while ventilating through the outside air entrance, the present inventors have found that most of the indoor pollen is a ventilation fan, a window, and Concentrating on the lower part of the outside air entrance such as the entrance, on the other hand, the amount of pollen decreases dramatically when moving away from the outside air entrance, and the tendency is similar in general life. It came.

  That is, the present invention relates to an indoor intrusion pollen trapping method in which a pollen trapping portion is provided at a lower portion on the indoor side of an outside air entrance portion where the room and the outside contact.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the environment which can suppress the onset of hay fever can be provided by capturing efficiently pollen which invaded indoors, performing ventilation through an external air approach part. That is, according to this invention, even if it ventilates in the state which opened the window and the door, the pollen which penetrate | invaded indoors can be captured effectively.

  The essence of the present invention is to create a state in which pollen can be captured in the lower part on the indoor side of an outside air entrance such as a ventilation fan, window, and entrance. In the present invention, since a plurality of specific examples of the state can be given, such pollen capturing means will be referred to as a pollen capturing unit.

  In addition, the outside air entry portion in the present invention refers to a portion where the room and the outside world come into contact with each other, and specifically refers to a window, a door, a ventilation opening, and a ventilation fan. These are means for introducing outside air into the room.

  First, the structure of the house itself is designed to have a pollen catcher. As one of the specific modes, it can be achieved by providing a portion lower than the floor in a specific range in the lower part on the indoor side of the outside air entry part. For example, since the mass of cedar pollen in the room is relatively heavy, pollen can be captured there by making a dent. If barrier-free is taken into consideration, it is possible to propose a structure in which a highly rigid mesh-like metal net or the like is fitted in the recessed portion. Therefore, the present invention also proposes a room or a house with the requirement. The depth of the depression or recess is required to be at least 0.5 mm or more, particularly 5 mm or more in depth, and the installation position of the pollen trapping part is within 200 cm in the horizontal plane direction from the indoor opening of the outside air entry part. It can be installed at the bottom of the position. In the present invention, the term “opening” refers not only to a portion that opens, but also to a portion that can be opened, such as a window, an entrance, and a ventilation fan, at the portion where the room and the outside world come into contact. Most ideally, the pollen capturing part can effectively capture pollen that has entered from the outside air entrance part by making the pollen capturing part 20 to 200 cm wide in the horizontal direction from the indoor opening. In addition, the trapping part is not simply recessed, but its surface gives a rough texture, such as a file, to increase the frictional property on a macro level and to impart physical obstacles on a microscopic level. Alternatively, as will be described later, a cloth or an adhesive substance may be provided on the surface. Of course, the floor itself may be designed so that the pollen does not easily rise to the floor by deepening the trapping part or inclining it toward the edge.

  As the pollen capturing part of the present invention, in addition to providing a recess or a recess, pollen can be obtained by directly applying a liquid or solid containing a non-volatile or low-volatile liquid component and / or an adhesive component to the floor. It may be a capturing part, or may be achieved by laying a member coated or impregnated with the component on the floor surface. Examples of such members include those applied to the surface of a sheet member described later, or those impregnated in a cloth or the like. The non-volatile or low-volatile liquid component and / or adhesive component is preferably a liquid component that easily captures pollen. Is the liquid property in the present invention a liquid or gel substance at room temperature? Alternatively, it may be an inorganic salt having deliquescence.

  Moreover, installation and removal operation become easy by making a pollen capture part into a sheet-like member. The sheet member may be in the form of a film, and a method of laying a cloth that is caught, such as a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric, is also conceivable. The non-volatile or low-volatile liquid component described above is applied to the sheet member. And / or what apply | coated or impregnated the adhesive component can be mentioned. The sheet-like member is preferably installed on the lower part or floor surface within 200 cm in the horizontal direction from the opening on the indoor side of the outside air entry part, and the sheet width is 10 cm or more, more preferably 20 to 200 cm, particularly 20 to 150 cm. Preferably, the installation length of the sheet is preferably equal to or larger than the width of the opening in consideration of blowing from the opening. As one of the laying methods, for example, there is a method of installing a U-shape on the floor so as to surround the opening. Ideally, the seat member should be laid from directly under the opening on the indoor side of the outside air entry portion. Is desirable.

  A method for installing a pollen capturing member according to the present invention will be described based on its preferred embodiment with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing an example of a situation in which a pollen capturing member used in the present invention is installed indoors. The pollen capturing member 1 is installed in the horizontal direction with respect to the window 2 on the lower floor surface of the window 2 which is an example of the outside air entry portion. The width 3 of the indoor pollen capturing member 1 is 20 to 200 cm, more preferably 20 to 150 cm, and one side (end) 4 of the sheet-like pollen capturing member 1 is used in contact with the wall where the window 2 is located. preferable.

  Further, when the present invention is implemented, pollen can be captured more efficiently by considering the ventilation conditions. For example, cedar pollen settles relatively quickly at 3-5 cm / s, so if measures are taken to slow down the flow velocity of the wind that has entered the room, it begins to sink as soon as it enters the room. This makes it easier to capture pollen. In order to reduce the flow velocity of the wind that has entered the room, for example, the screen door 5 and the lace curtain 6 are closed during ventilation, the opening of the lace curtain 6 is made smaller, and the opening 7 of the window 2 is made narrower. Can be mentioned. Further, the ventilation fan and the ventilation opening may be covered with a breathable member such as a cloth or a net from the indoor side. In addition, the cloth or the net needs to have a basis weight or a mesh or roughness of the mesh that can slow down the flow velocity of the wind entering the room. Thus, by devising to slow down the flow velocity of the wind that entered the room, effective trapping effect can be achieved without impeding ventilation to the room and reducing the width of the pollen trapping part to 100 cm or less. Obtainable.

  In the present invention, it becomes easier to capture pollen by using a non-volatile or low-volatile liquid component and / or adhesive component and a sheet-like pollen capturing member from a nonwoven fabric, and re-scattering of pollen once captured can be prevented. .

  The non-volatile or low-volatile liquid component used in the present invention is preferably an organic compound (hereinafter referred to as a liquid organic compound), and specific compounds include at least one of mineral oil, synthetic oil, and surfactant. It is preferable to include more than one type. Examples of the mineral oil include paraffinic hydrocarbons, naphthenic hydrocarbons, and aromatic hydrocarbons. As the synthetic oil, alkylbenzene oil, polyolefin oil, polyglycol oil and the like are used. Examples of the surfactant include nonionic, cationic, anionic, and amphoteric surfactants. The surfactant is appropriately used depending on the type of fiber used in the nonwoven fabric and the type of other components used in combination. It is done. Of these liquid organic compounds, paraffinic hydrocarbons and polyglycol oils are preferred, with petrolatum, liquid paraffin, polyethylene glycol (PEG), polypropylene glycol (PPG), and glycerin being particularly preferred.

  Examples of the adhesive component used in the present invention include rubber-based, acrylic-based, vinyl ether-based, and silicone-based materials. Examples of the rubber-based material include natural rubber, styrene / butadiene copolymer rubber, and polyisobutylene. , At least one selected from isobutylene / isoprene copolymer rubber (butyl rubber), thermoplastic rubber (styrene / isoprene / styrene block copolymer, styrene / butadiene / styrene block copolymer, chloroprene rubber, butadiene / acrylonitrile block copolymer, etc.) It is preferable to include. Examples of the acrylic material include polybutyl acrylate, polyoctyl acrylate (mainly 2-ethylhexyl), and a copolymer prepared by selecting an appropriate copolymer based on these materials. Examples of the material include polymers such as vinyl ethyl ether, vinyl butyl ether, and vinyl isobutyl ether, and examples of the silicone-based material include the aforementioned polymer mainly composed of polydimethylsiloxane polymer. Of these adhesive components, rubber-based, acrylic-based and silicone-based components are preferable.

  Nonwoven fabrics that can also be used as a sheet member for the capturing portion of the present invention include natural fibers such as cotton and hemp, and cellulosic chemical fibers such as viscose rayon, tencel and acetate, polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP). Non-woven fabric manufactured using polyolefin fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyester fibers such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyamide fibers such as nylon, polyacrylonitrile fibers, polyvinyl alcohol fibers, etc. Among these fibers, polyolefins can be used. Of these, polyester fibers and polyester fibers are preferred. In the present invention, the non-volatile or low-volatile liquid component and / or adhesive component is preferably impregnated in the nonwoven fabric.

  The fibers used for the production of the nonwoven fabric may be single fibers or split fibers, and the fiber diameter when processed into a nonwoven fabric is preferably 0.2 to 2.5 dtex, more preferably 0.3 to 1.5 dtex. preferable.

  Nonwoven fabrics used in the present invention are wet nonwoven fabrics, chemical bonds, thermal bonds (air-through), dry nonwoven fabrics such as air laid, etc., as well as non-woven fabrics such as spunlace, spunbond, meltblown, needle punch and / or stitchbond. The manufactured nonwoven fabric can also be used. Among them, it is preferable to use an air-through nonwoven fabric and a spunlace nonwoven fabric from the viewpoint of pollen capturing performance.

The thickness of the nonwoven fabric in the present invention is preferably 0.2 to 10 mm, more preferably 0.4 to 5 mm under a load of 3 g / m ^{2 in} a dry state.

Moreover, it is preferable that the fabric weight of the nonwoven fabric in this invention is 10-300 g / m < ² >, and it is more preferable that it is 30-200 g / m < ² >.

The amount of treatment of the liquid organic compound and / or the adhesive component to the nonwoven fabric is the amount of treatment for the nonwoven fabric from the viewpoint of pollen capture, prevention of pollen re-scattering, and no problems when walking on the sheet. it is preferably from 1 to 20 g / m ^2, and more preferably still is 2 to 10 g / m ^2. Moreover, when using a liquid organic compound and an adhesive component together, it is preferable that the weight ratio of a liquid organic compound / adhesive component is 100 / 1-50 / 50. Further, the liquid organic compound and / or the adhesive component described above can be used in the nonwoven fabric in any state, such as use as it is, use after diluting in a solvent, use in a state dispersed / dissolved / emulsified using a surfactant. It may be treated, and after the treatment, it is more preferable to remove excess solvent and water by drying or the like. In particular, when the nonwoven fabric is treated in a state of being dispersed / dissolved / emulsified in water, it is preferable to add the surfactant described as the liquid organic compound for the purpose of improving the wettability to the nonwoven fabric.

  In the present invention, a sheet-shaped pollen capturing member having a large number of slits on the sheet surface can also be used.

  FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of a sheet-like indoor intrusion pollen capturing member having a slit according to the present invention. A slit 8 for capturing pollen is required on the surface of the sheet member, and the slit width 9 is 0.01 to 1 mm and the depth 10 of the slit 8 is 0.5 from the viewpoint of pollen collection and re-scatter prevention. It is preferable that the number of slits 8 per 1 cm width is 5-50, and further, the width 10 of the slit 8 is 0.5-0.5 mm, the depth 11 of the slit 8 is 1-5 mm, and the width is 1 cm. It is more preferable that the number of the per slit 8 is 10-50. The slits 8 may be inserted not only in one direction but also in any direction, for example, by providing a slit 8 that intersects the slit 8 in the vertical direction.

  The material used for the sheet-shaped pollen capturing member having the slits 8 is flexible so that it can be rolled, and polyethylene, polypropylene, ABS resin, natural rubber, synthetic rubber, etc. are preferable from the viewpoint of processability, and in particular. Polyethylene and polypropylene are preferred. The thickness of the sheet used for the sheet-shaped pollen capturing member is preferably 1 to 10 mm, more preferably 1 to 5 mm.

Moreover, the above-mentioned liquid component and / or adhesive component may be processed also for the sheet-shaped pollen capturing member having a slit, and the processing amount in that case is 1 to 20 g / m ² , and 2 to 2 More preferably, it is 20 g / m ² .

Example 1
<Creation of sheet-shaped pollen capturing member using nonwoven fabric>
Using a polyester fiber having a length of 38 mm and a thickness of 0.9 dtex, a nonwoven fabric having a thickness of 1.5 mm and a basis weight of 100 g / m ² was prepared by a spunlace method. This nonwoven fabric was cut into a size of 10 cm square, and 30 mg of the capturing component shown in Table 1 was applied to only one side. After the treatment, the sheet-shaped pollen capturing member was left for 1 day at room temperature. On the other hand, the comparative example shall not apply the capture component of Table 1.

<Evaluation of pollen re-scatter prevention>
1 mg of cedar pollen was evenly spread from a height of 5 cm on one side of the sheet-shaped pollen capturing member prepared by the above-described method (the surface on which the capturing component was applied). Then, after holding the sheet-shaped pollen capturing member with both hands and gently shaking it 5 times, the cedar pollen allergen (Cry j) using 20 ml of 0.01M PBS (pH 7.4) containing 0.2% BSA from the pollen capturing member. 1) was extracted at room temperature for 24 hours, and the amount of Cry j 1 was quantified using the following ELISA method. Thereafter, the pollen re-scatter prevention rate was calculated according to the following formula. The results are shown in Table 1.
Pollen re-scatter prevention rate (%) =
{(Cry j 1 amount remaining on the sheet-like pollen capturing member) / (Cry j 1 amount corresponding to the amount of pollen adhered in advance)} × 100

<Quantitative method of Cry j 1 (ELISA method)>
1. Monoclonal antibody Ab-Cry j1 mAb 013 (Seikagaku Corporation) was added to PBS (phosphate buffer solution: pH 7.4 ± 0.1, KH ₂ PO ₄ , NaCl, Na ₂ HPO ₄ and 7H ₂ O, 0.144 g / L each. , 9.00 g / L, 0.795 g / L dissolved in distilled water), diluted to a concentration of 2 μg / ml, and dispensed into each well of a microplate (Sumitomo Bakelite ELISA PLATE H TYPE) in a volume of 50 μl. Let stand at room temperature for 2 hours.
2. Wash plate 3 times with PBS.
3. Dispense 200 μl of PBS containing 1% BSA into each well and allow to stand at room temperature for 2 hours for blocking.
4). The plate is washed three times with PBS containing 0.05% by mass of Tween20 (SIGMA) (hereinafter referred to as T-PBS).
5. Purify Cry j 1 (Seikagaku Co., Ltd.) as a standard, dilute 2n times with 4 tubes / ml from 5-ng T-PBS, dispense 50 μl of each well, and replace Cry j 1 as a negative control. Prepare a well containing 50 μl of T-PBS. The sample to be measured is appropriately diluted with T-PBS, dispensed into each well at 50 μl, and allowed to stand at room temperature for 2 hours.
6). Wash the plate 3 times with T-PBS.
7). Dispense 50 μl of Peroxidase Conjugated Ab-Cry j1 mAb 053 (Seikagaku Corporation) to each well and leave at room temperature for 2 hours.
8). Wash the plate 3 times with T-PBS.
9. Color development is performed using a peroxidase coloring kit T (Sumitomo Bakelite). First, add 0.1 mL of the substrate solution to 10 mL of the color former and mix to make the color developer. Dispense 100 μl of this color developing solution into each well and develop color at room temperature. Thereafter, 100 μl of stop solution is dispensed into each well to stop the reaction, and the absorbance at 450 nm is measured with a plate reader.
10. Calculate the Cry j1 concentration of the sample to be measured using the calibration curve obtained from the absorbance of the standard.

Example 2
<Creation of slit-type invasive pollen collecting member>
Capturing sheet-shaped pollen made of polyethylene with a slit width of 0.1 mm, slit depth of 0.5 mm, 40 slits per 1 cm, and a mesh-like 1 mm thick slit by vacuum forming A member was created.

<Evaluation of pollen re-scatter prevention>
1 mg of Japanese cedar pollen was evenly distributed from a height of 5 cm to the surface of the 10 cm square sheet-shaped pollen capturing member prepared by the above-described method provided with slits. Then, after turning over and lightly tapping 5 times, the cedar pollen allergen (Cry j 1) is used for 24 hours at room temperature using 20 ml of 0.01 M PBS (pH 7.4) containing 0.2% BSA from the pollen capturing member. Extraction was performed, the amount of Cry j 1 was quantified using the above-mentioned ELISA method, and the pollen re-scattering prevention rate was calculated in the same manner as in Example 1. Pollen re-entrainment rate was 95%, and pollen could be captured efficiently.

Example 3
<Creation of pollen collecting member>
A sheet having a size of 30 cm × 200 cm was prepared from the nonwoven fabric used in Example 1, and 3 g / m ² of petrolatum was applied to one side thereof. After the treatment, the sheet-shaped pollen capturing member was left for 1 day at room temperature.

<Evaluation of pollen collecting ability>
In the cedar pollen scattering season, pollen capturing performance was evaluated by using the same floor plan (3LDK) houses A and B on the same floor in the same apartment house. The houses A and B were used without any furniture and other household goods, and were used unattended.

  The floor of the lower part of the window of the room facing the north side of the house A and the window of the room facing the south side are 150 cm wide and 200 cm long in the direction perpendicular to the window (the above-mentioned non-woven fabrics of 30 cm × 200 cm are 5 sheets Use) sheet-shaped pollen collecting member was affixed using a curing tape with the above-mentioned petrolatum-treated surface facing up. In House B, no sheet-shaped pollen collecting member was installed.

  In both houses A and B, the windows on the north and south sides were fully opened and all other windows were closed. The window screens and lace curtains of these windows were closed, and all the indoor ventilation fans and vents were glazed. After ventilating for 8 hours under these conditions and closing the opened window, the pollen capturing member was removed from A's house. After that, both A home and B home were vacuumed against the floor surface, and pollen present on the floor surface, such as pollen that could not be collected, was collected in a paper pack.

The collected paper pack was extracted with 20 ml of 0.01M PBS (pH 7.4) containing 0.2% BSA for 24 hours at room temperature, and the supernatant after centrifugation was used as a sample. Quantified using the method. Thereafter, the pollen capture rate was calculated according to the following formula.
Pollen capture rate (%) = {1- (Cry j 1 amount existing on the floor surface of the A house) / (Cry j 1 amount existing on the floor surface of the B house)} × 100

  The pollen capturing rate was 70.5%, and Cry j 1 corresponding to 70.5% of the invaded cedar pollen could be captured by the installed pollen capturing member.

It is the plane schematic which shows the condition which installed the sheet-like pollen capture member indoors. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows an example of the sheet-like pollen capture member which has a slit.

Explanation of symbols

1: Pollen capturing member 8: Slit

Claims (5)

An indoor invasion pollen trapping method in which a pollen trap is provided at the lower part on the indoor side of an outside air entrance where the room and the outside contact. The indoor invasion pollen capturing method according to claim 1, wherein the pollen capturing unit includes a member coated or impregnated with a non-volatile or low-volatile liquid component and / or an adhesive component. The indoor invasion pollen capturing method according to claim 1, wherein the pollen capturing section includes a sheet-like member. The method for capturing indoor intrusion pollen according to claim 3, wherein the sheet-like member is a nonwoven fabric or a woven fabric. The indoor intrusion pollen trapping method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the sheet-like member is installed in a place within 200 cm in the horizontal direction from the opening on the indoor side of the outside air entry portion.

Images