JP2007108825A - Reading method for organizer having punched hole group imparted with code information, and reader therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reading method for an organizer having a punched hole group imparted with code information, and a reader therefor. <P>SOLUTION: This method acquires digital image data of the organizer to be converted into punched hole coordinate data indicating XY-coordinates of each punched hole, finds a shift amount from a lattice-like intersection, acquires punched hole shift data, generates a distribution density of the punched hole shift data, finds a fundamental threshold value from the distribution density, divides the fundamental threshold value into the first threshold value and the second threshold value, converts the punched hole coordinate data and the punched hole shift data into binary data, using the fundamental threshold value, generates signal dissipation binary data from the binary data sandwiched by the first threshold value and the second threshold value, generates binary data with the corrected signal dissipation binary data, judges the propriety of correctness of the corrected binary data, and reads the corrected binary data generated as the code information, when the corrected binary data is correct. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a method for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which code information is assigned and a reading apparatus therefor.

Due to their nature, valuables such as banknotes, passports, securities, cards, and stamps are required to be difficult to forge or tamper. At the same time, since valuables need to be machine-processed for authenticity determination, it is necessary to have a machine reading element. As a preventive measure, it is known to form numbers or the like in a plurality of perforations in the base material of these valuables. Furthermore, it is known that the anti-counterfeiting technique by perforation gives information by partially changing the arrangement of perforation groups, and the information given to the perforation groups is machine-read as binary data.

For example, as a technique capable of providing information by partially changing the arrangement of the perforation group, etc., a forgery prevention formed body having a substrate on which a fine perforation row is formed, the fine perforation row being the perforation row It consists of a number of fine perforations that are arranged in series along a straight line that serves as a reference for the arrangement of them, and gives specific information, and the perforations are arranged by combining the same or different intervals between adjacent perforations. Thus, a forgery prevention formed body characterized in that the specific information is given is disclosed (Patent Document 1).

As a method of determining the type based on the information formed by perforation, when determining the type of an article, a display area of a certain area is limited to a predetermined location of the article and the type of the article is supported at a predetermined position in the display area. Forming 0 to a plurality of through holes, copying the display area with a camera, calculating the center of gravity position of the through hole in the display area from the image, and determining the type of the article. A characteristic type determination method based on image processing is disclosed (Patent Document 2).

Furthermore, as a technology that can machine-read the information given to the perforation group as binary data, “0” is given by changing the position of the perforation to a true / false discrimination device in which many fine perforations are arranged on a straight line. , A binary data reading device comprising “1”, an image input device that captures an image signal of the authenticity determination device, and a background after the image signal is input and converted into digital image data Floating binarization processing is performed to extract the perforation part by removing the density unevenness of the image, and the center of gravity coordinates are calculated from the number of pixels of each perforation to calculate the perforation part coordinates, and the inclination and distortion from the coordinate position of the reference perforation location Is corrected, and the binarized data area is extracted from the drilling coordinate data having no inclination or distortion, and the drilling coordinate data indicating the arrangement of the drilling group using a predetermined threshold is located at a point on the predetermined pitch on the straight line. A hole is “0”, a hole that is not on the predetermined pitch is “1”, converted to binarized data, and the binarized data converted to “0” and “1” is converted to a display image. A binarized data reading device is disclosed that includes an image processing device that generates an image and displays the display image using an image monitor (Patent Document 3).

Japanese Patent No. 3388389 (page 1-5, FIG. 1) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 03-255307 (page 1-3, FIG. 1-4) Japanese Patent No. 3385357 (page 1-6, Fig. 1-4)

However, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 03-255307 discloses that a through hole having a diameter of about 6 mm is formed in a display area of 40 mm × 40 mm in a metal plate portion at intervals of about 20 mm, the formed metal plate is copied with a camera, and the center of gravity of the hole The position is calculated. In this method, there is a problem that it is difficult to calculate the position of the center of gravity when discriminating by a base material that is easily deformed, such as paper or the like, instead of a metal plate, instead of a hole of 1 mm or less or a hole having a narrow interval. Therefore, such a classification method based on image processing of articles has a problem that the hole diameter is wide, the hole interval is wide, and reading is not possible unless the type of the substrate is specified.

In Japanese Patent No. 3385357, when a threshold value (reading parameter) is input, an appropriate threshold value (reading parameter) is found through trial and error, and the reading is performed with a fixed predetermined threshold value (reading parameter). When the perforation group with code information given to valuables is deformed by friction at the distribution stage, the appropriate threshold value (reading parameter) changes, and a predetermined threshold value (reading parameter) set in advance. However, there is a problem that the code information of the formed body having the perforated group to which the code information is given cannot be read. Further, since the perforations are fine, it is often difficult to notice the deformation and deterioration of the perforations with the naked eye, and there is a problem that the code information cannot be read without being noticed visually.

From the above, the present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is not necessary to find an appropriate threshold value (reading parameter) through trial and error, and the threshold value is not fixed. The perforation group to which the code information given to the perforation is perforated of 1 mm or less, the interval is narrow, and it is possible to reduce the possibility that the code information cannot be read even if the base material is easily deformed such as paper. However, even when it is deteriorated or deformed due to friction or the like in the distribution stage, the code information given to the fine perforated group can be read easily and stably. The present invention proposes a method for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which code information to which the above problem is solved is assigned, and a reading apparatus therefor.

In the present invention, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and one of the two types of perforations is formed at a lattice-like intersection, and the other is shifted from the lattice-like intersection. In the method for reading a formed body in which code information is generated by the two types of perforations, digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body is acquired, and the acquired digital image data is digital image data The conversion unit converts the drilling coordinate data indicating the XY coordinates of each drilling hole, the shift amount measurement unit obtains the shift amount from the grid-like intersection point, the drilling shift data is obtained, and the drilling shift data is obtained. A distribution density is generated by the distribution density measuring unit, a basic threshold is formed by the threshold calculation unit from the distribution density, and the basic threshold is divided from the basic threshold into the first threshold and the second threshold by the threshold dividing unit. Based on In the comparison calculation unit, the perforation at the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection and the perforation shifted from the perforation reference at the lattice-like intersection are associated with the binarized data from the perforation coordinate data and the perforation deviation data. Of the binarized data, binarized data obtained by converting the perforated coordinate data and the perforated deviation data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value in association with each other and converting the binarized data into signal loss data Change to signal erasure data by changing unit, generate signal erasure binarized data, and correct the signal erasure binarized data using error correction code data predetermined by correction binarization data generation unit Generating corrected binarized data, determining whether the corrected binarized data is correct by an error correction determining unit, and correcting the error when the corrected binarized data is incorrect Ability judgment department Therefore, it is determined whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability, and when the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the first threshold value and / or When the second threshold value is changed, the signal lost data changing unit is changed again to the signal lost data, and the process returns to the process of generating the signal lost binary data, and the corrected binary data is correct, In the method of reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information is generated by reading the corrected binarized data by generating code information by a code information generation unit.

In the present invention, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed with different sizes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. In the method of reading a formed body, digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body is acquired, and the acquired digital image data is converted into perforated coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation by a digital image data conversion unit. The digital image data is converted, the area amount measuring unit obtains the area amount of the perforation, the perforation area data is obtained, the distribution density measuring unit generates the distribution density, and the threshold value is calculated from the distribution density. The basic threshold value is formed by the unit, and the basic threshold value is divided into the first threshold value and the second threshold value by the threshold value dividing unit. Based on the basic threshold value, the drilling coordinate data and the drilling area data In the comparison operation unit, the perforation having the large perforation area and the perforation having the small perforation area are converted in correspondence with the binarized data, and the binarized data includes the first threshold value and the second threshold value. The binarized data obtained by associating and converting the sandwiched drilling coordinate data and the drilling area data is changed to signal lost data by a signal lost data changing unit, and signal lost binary data is generated, and the signal lost Correct the binarized data using the error correction code data determined in advance by the corrected binarized data generation unit, generate the corrected binarized data, and whether the corrected binarized data is correct The error correction determination unit determines whether or not the corrected binary data is incorrect. The error correction capability determination unit determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability, and determines the error correction capability. Part When the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability, the threshold value changing unit changes the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value, and the signal loss data changing unit again sets the signal lost data. To return to the process of generating the signal loss binarized data, and when the corrected binarized data is correct, the code information generating unit generates code information for the corrected binarized data. This is a method for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which read code information is assigned.

According to the present invention, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed in different shapes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. In a method of reading a formed body, digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body is acquired, and the acquired digital image data is converted into perforated coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation by a digital image data conversion unit. Then, the digital image data is obtained by obtaining similarity of whether or not the digital image data is similar to a reference pattern determined in advance by a pattern measurement unit, obtaining drilling similarity data, and calculating the distribution density of the drilling similarity data by a distribution density measurement unit. And generating a basic threshold from the distribution density by the threshold calculation unit, dividing the basic threshold into a first threshold and a second threshold by the threshold dividing unit, and based on the basic threshold A perforation having a high similarity to the reference pattern and a perforation having a low similarity to the reference pattern are converted in association with the binarized data from the punching coordinate data and the punching similar data, and the binarization is performed. Among the data, the binarized data obtained by associating and converting the perforated coordinate data and the perforated similarity data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are converted into signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit. And generating signal erasure binarized data, correcting the signal erasure binarized data using the error correction code data predetermined in the correction binarization data generating unit, and correcting the binarized data An error correction determination unit determines whether or not the corrected binarized data is correct. If the corrected binarized data is incorrect, a signal is generated by the error correction capability determination unit. It is determined whether the amount of loss exceeds the error correction capability, and when the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the threshold value changing unit determines the first threshold value and / or the first threshold value. 2 is changed, the signal lost data changing unit again changes to signal lost data, returns to the process of generating signal lost binary data, and the correction is performed when the corrected binary data is correct. This is a method of reading a formed body having a perforated group to which code information is generated by reading code data generated by a code information generation unit from the binarized data.

Further, the present invention provides a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations in a predetermined region of the substrate, and one of the two types of perforations is formed at a lattice-like intersection, and the other is formed from the lattice-like intersection. In a method of reading a formed body formed by shifting and generating code information by the two types of perforations, digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body is acquired, and the acquired digital image data is digital The image data conversion unit converts the drilling coordinate data indicating the XY coordinates of each drilling, the shift amount measurement unit obtains the shift amount from the grid-like intersection, the drilling amount measurement unit acquires the drilling shift data, and the drilling data Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, a distribution density is generated from the distribution density by the distribution density measurement unit, and a first threshold value and a second threshold value are formed from the distribution density by the threshold value calculation unit. , The first threshold The perforation coordinate data and the perforation deviation data that are not sandwiched between the second threshold values are the perforations that are in the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection and the perforations that are deviated from the perforation reference at the lattice-like intersection in the comparison operation unit. And the perforation coordinate data and the perforation sandwiched between the first threshold and the second threshold based on the first threshold and the second threshold The shift data is changed to signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit, signal lost data is generated, and the binarized data and the signal lost data are converted into signal lost binarized data by the signal lost binary data combining unit. The signal erasure binarized data is error-corrected using error correction code data determined in advance by the correction binarized data generation unit, and corrected binarized data is generated, and the corrected Binarization data The error correction determination unit determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit when the corrected binary data is incorrect. If the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the threshold value changing unit changes the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value, and the signal loss data changing unit again. To the signal erasure data, and return to the process of generating the signal erasure binarized data. When the corrected binarized data is correct, the code information generation unit converts the corrected binarized data into code information. Is a method of reading a formed body having a perforated group to which code information is generated and read.

In the present invention, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed with different sizes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. In the method of reading a formed body, digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body is acquired, and the acquired digital image data is converted into perforated coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation by a digital image data conversion unit. The digital image data is converted, the area amount measuring unit obtains the area amount of the perforation, the perforation area data is obtained, the distribution density measuring unit generates the distribution density, and the threshold value is calculated from the distribution density. Forming the first threshold value and the second threshold value in the unit, and based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the punching coordinate data not sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value And before The perforation area data is converted by associating the perforations with a large perforation area and the perforations with a small perforation area with binarized data in the comparison operation unit, based on the first threshold and the second threshold, The perforated coordinate data and the perforated area data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are changed to signal lost data by a signal lost data changing unit to generate signal lost data, and the binary The signal erasure binary data is generated by the signal erasure binarization data synthesis unit from the digitized data and the signal erasure data, and the signal erasure binarization data is corrected by the binarization data generation unit. Error correction is performed using data, corrected binary data is generated, an error correction determination unit determines whether the corrected binary data is correct, and the corrected binary data is incorrect If When the error correction capability determination unit determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability, and the error correction capability determination unit determines that the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability, the threshold changing unit The threshold value of 1 and / or the second threshold value is changed, the signal lost data changing unit is changed again to the signal lost data, and the process returns to the process of generating the signal lost binary data, and the corrected binarization is performed. When the data is correct, it is a method of reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information is generated by reading the corrected binarized data by generating code information by a code information generation unit.

According to the present invention, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed in different shapes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. In a method of reading a formed body, digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body is acquired, and the acquired digital image data is converted into perforated coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation by a digital image data conversion unit. Then, the digital image data is obtained by obtaining similarity of whether or not the digital image data is similar to a reference pattern determined in advance by a pattern measurement unit, obtaining drilling similarity data, and calculating the distribution density of the drilling similarity data by a distribution density measurement unit. And generating a first threshold value and a second threshold value from the distribution density by the threshold value calculation unit, and based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the first threshold value and the second threshold value are generated. The perforation coordinate data and the perforation similarity data that are not sandwiched between values are obtained by associating perforations having a high similarity to the reference pattern and perforations having a low similarity to the reference pattern with binarization data in the comparison calculation unit. Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the drilling coordinate data and the drilling similarity data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are converted into a signal loss data changing unit. The signal lost data is changed to generate signal lost data, the binarized data and the signal lost data are generated by the signal lost binary data combining unit in the signal lost binary data synthesizer, and the signal lost binary is generated. Whether or not the corrected binarized data is correct by generating error-corrected binarized data by correcting the error using the error correction code data determined in advance by the correction binarized data generating unit Mistake When the correction determination unit determines that the corrected binary data is incorrect, the error correction capability determination unit determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability, and the error correction capability determination unit When the amount of erasure does not exceed the error correction capability, the threshold value changing unit changes the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value, and the signal erasure data changing unit changes the signal erasure data again. Returning to the process of generating the signal loss binarized data, and when the corrected binarized data is correct, the code information generating unit reads the corrected binarized data by generating code information. This is a method for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which is provided.

Further, the present invention provides a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations in a predetermined region of the substrate, and one of the two types of perforations is formed at a lattice-like intersection, and the other is formed from the lattice-like intersection. In a method of reading a formed body formed by shifting and generating code information by the two types of perforations, digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body is acquired, and the acquired digital image data is digital The image data conversion unit converts the drilling coordinate data indicating the XY coordinates of each drilling, the shift amount measurement unit obtains the shift amount from the grid-like intersection, the drilling amount measurement unit acquires the drilling shift data, and the drilling data The distribution data is generated by the distribution density measuring unit, the threshold value calculating unit forms a basic threshold value from the distribution density, the threshold dividing unit divides the deviation data into the first threshold value and the second threshold value, First threshold On the basis of the second threshold value, the drilling coordinate data and the drilling deviation data not sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are used as the drilling reference of the grid-like intersection point in the comparison calculation unit. A perforation and a perforation that deviates from the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection are converted in association with binarized data, and the first threshold and the second threshold are converted based on the first threshold and the second threshold. The puncture coordinate data and the puncture deviation data sandwiched between the second threshold values are changed to signal erasure data by a signal erasure data changing unit to generate signal erasure data, and the binarized data and the signal erasure data The signal erasure binarized data synthesizer generates signal erasure binarized data, and the signal erasure binarized data is corrected by the correction binary data generator using error correction code data determined in advance. Corrected Generate binarized data, and determine whether the corrected binarized data is correct by an error correction determining unit. If the corrected binarized data is incorrect, a signal is output by the error correcting capability determining unit. It is determined whether the amount of erasure exceeds the error correction capability, and when the amount of signal erasure does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the threshold value changing unit determines the first threshold value and / or the first threshold value. 2 is changed, the signal lost data changing unit again changes to signal lost data, returns to the process of generating signal lost binary data, and the correction is performed when the corrected binary data is correct. This is a method for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which code information is generated by reading code data generated by a code information generation unit from the binarized data.

In the present invention, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed with different sizes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. In the method of reading a formed body, digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body is acquired, and the acquired digital image data is converted into perforated coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation by a digital image data conversion unit. The digital image data is converted, the area amount measuring unit obtains the area amount of the perforation, the perforation area data is obtained, the distribution density measuring unit generates the distribution density, and the threshold value is calculated from the distribution density. Forming a basic threshold value in the unit, dividing the basic threshold value into a first threshold value and a second threshold value in the threshold value dividing unit, and based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, The second The perforation coordinate data and the perforation area data not sandwiched between threshold values are converted by the comparison operation unit in association with the perforation having a large perforation area and the perforation having a small perforation area in correspondence with binarized data. Based on the threshold value and the second threshold value, the drilling coordinate data and the drilling area data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are changed to signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit. Generating signal erasure data, generating the signal erasure binarization data in the signal erasure binarization data synthesizer from the binarized data and the signal erasure data, and correcting the signal erasure binarization data The error-correcting code data determined in advance by the error-correcting data generator is used to generate error-corrected binarized data, and the error-correction determining portion determines whether the corrected binarized data is correct. When the corrected binary data is incorrect, an error correction capability determination unit determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability, and the error correction capability determination unit corrects the amount of signal loss. When the capacity is not exceeded, the threshold value changing unit changes the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value, and the signal loss data changing unit changes the signal loss data again to change the signal loss binarization. Returning to the process of generating data, if the corrected binarized data is correct, the perforation group to which code information is generated by reading the corrected binarized data by generating code information in the code information generation unit This is a method for reading a formed body having.

According to the present invention, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed in different shapes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. In a method of reading a formed body, digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body is acquired, and the acquired digital image data is converted into perforated coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation by a digital image data conversion unit. Then, the digital image data is obtained by obtaining similarity of whether or not the digital image data is similar to a reference pattern determined in advance by a pattern measurement unit, obtaining drilling similarity data, and calculating the distribution density of the drilling similarity data by a distribution density measurement unit. And generating a basic threshold from the distribution density by a threshold calculation unit, dividing the basic threshold into a first threshold and a second threshold by a threshold dividing unit, and generating the first threshold and the first threshold The perforation coordinate data and the perforation similarity data not sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are based on the threshold value of the perforation having a high similarity to the reference pattern in the comparison operation unit, and the reference A perforation having a low similarity to the pattern is converted in association with the binarized data, and is sandwiched between the first threshold and the second threshold based on the first threshold and the second threshold The puncture coordinate data and the puncture-similar data are changed to signal erasure data by a signal erasure data changing unit, signal erasure data is generated, and the binarized data and the signal erasure data are combined into a signal erasure binary data synthesis unit. The signal erasure binarized data is generated in step (b), the signal erasure binarized data is corrected using the error correction code data determined in advance by the correction binarization data generation unit, and the corrected binarized data is Generation The error correction determination unit determines whether the corrected binarized data is correct. If the corrected binarized data is incorrect, the error correction capability determination unit corrects the amount of signal loss. It is determined whether the capacity has been exceeded, and when the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capacity by the error correction capacity determination section, the threshold value changing section changes the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value. The signal lost data changing unit again changes to signal lost data and returns to the process of generating signal lost binary data, and the corrected binary data is correct when the corrected binary data is correct. This is a method for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which code information is generated by reading code information by a code information generation unit.

According to the present invention, the digital image data conversion unit further includes a process of extracting only the region in which the plurality of perforations are formed by the perforation region data extraction unit by the perforation region data extraction unit. This is a method for reading a formed body having.

According to the present invention, the digital image data conversion unit reads a formed body having a group of perforations to which code information is added, further including a process of floating binary processing of the digital image data by the perforation image data conversion unit. Is the method.

Further, according to the present invention, the digital image data conversion unit performs a process of correcting tilt and / or distortion from a drilling coordinate serving as a reference for correcting the drilling coordinate data predetermined by the drilling coordinate correction data converting unit. Further, there is provided a method for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which code information including further is provided.

Further, according to the present invention, the digital image data conversion unit extracts only the drilling coordinate data to which the binarized data is added by the binarized region data extraction unit from the drilling coordinate data or the corrected drilling coordinate data. A method for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which code information further including processing is given.

Further, the present invention is a method of reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information formed by forming a threshold value by a P-tile method, a mode method, a discriminant analysis method or a minimum error method is provided. is there.

Further, the present invention provides a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations in a predetermined region of the substrate, and one of the two types of perforations is formed at a lattice-like intersection, and the other is formed from the lattice-like intersection. In an apparatus for reading a formed body formed by shifting and generating code information by the two types of perforations, an acquisition unit for acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body, and the acquired digital image A digital image data conversion unit for converting data into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation, a deviation amount measurement unit for obtaining a deviation amount of the perforation coordinate data from the grid intersection, and obtaining perforation deviation data; A distribution density measurement unit that generates a distribution density of the perforation deviation data, a threshold calculation unit that forms a basic threshold from the distribution density, and a threshold amount that is divided from the basic threshold into a first threshold and a second threshold And binarization data based on the basic threshold value, the perforation at the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection from the perforation coordinate data and the perforation deviation data, and the perforation shifted from the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection And the comparison calculation unit that converts the data in association with each other, and among the binarized data, the drilling coordinate data and the drilling deviation data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are converted in association with each other. A signal erasure data changing unit that changes the binarized data to signal erasure data and generates signal erasure binarization data, and error correction using the predetermined error correction code data for the signal erasure binarization data A corrected binarized data generating unit for generating corrected binarized data, an error correction determining unit for determining whether the corrected binarized data is correct, and the corrected binarized data Accidentally An error correction capability determination unit that determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability, and the error correction capability determination unit determines that the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability. The threshold value changing unit and / or the second threshold value is changed again to the signal erasure data by the signal erasure data changing unit and returned to the process of generating the signal erasure binarized data, and the corrected When the binarized data is correct, the forming apparatus has a perforation group to which code information including a code information generating unit that generates code information from the corrected binarized data is provided.

In the present invention, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed with different sizes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. And a digital unit for converting the acquired digital image data into perforation coordinate data indicating the XY coordinates of each perforation. An image data conversion unit; an area amount measurement unit for obtaining the perforation area data from the digital image data; and a distribution density measurement unit for generating a distribution density of the perforation area data; and the distribution density A threshold value calculation unit that forms a basic threshold value from the threshold value dividing unit that divides the basic threshold value into a first threshold value and a second threshold value, and based on the basic threshold value, the drilling coordinate data and A comparison operation unit for converting the perforation having the large perforation area from the perforation area data, the perforation having the small perforation area in correspondence with the binarized data, and the first threshold and the binarization data, A signal erasure data changing unit that changes the binarized data obtained by associating and converting the drilling coordinate data and the drilling area data sandwiched between the second threshold values into signal lost data, and generates signal lost binary data A correction binarized data generation unit that corrects the error of the signal erasure binarized data using predetermined error correction code data and generates corrected binarized data; and the corrected binary An error correction determination unit that determines whether the digitized data is correct, and an error correction capability determination unit that determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability when the corrected binary data is incorrect The above When the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value are changed, and the signal loss data change unit again sets the signal loss data. And a threshold value changing unit that returns to the process of generating signal loss binarized data, and code information that generates code information from the corrected binarized data when the corrected binarized data is correct It is the reading apparatus of the formation body which has the perforation group to which the code information which consists of a production | generation part was provided.

According to the present invention, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed in different shapes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. In a reading apparatus of a formed body, an acquisition unit that acquires digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body, and a digital image that converts the acquired digital image data into perforated coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation A data conversion unit, a pattern measurement unit that obtains similarity of whether or not the digital image data is similar to a predetermined reference pattern, obtains perforation-similar data, and generates a distribution density of the perforation-similar data A distribution density measurement unit; a threshold calculation unit that forms a basic threshold from the distribution density; a threshold division unit that divides the basic threshold into a first threshold and a second threshold; Based on a basic threshold value, a comparison operation unit that converts perforations having a high similarity to the reference pattern from the perforation coordinate data and the perforation similar data and a perforation having a low similarity to the reference pattern in association with the binarized data Among the binarized data, the binarized data obtained by associating and converting the perforated coordinate data and the perforated similarity data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are signal loss data. A signal erasure data changing unit for generating signal erasure binarized data, and correcting the error using the predetermined error correction code data and correcting the binarized data When the corrected binarized data is incorrect, the error correction determination unit for determining whether the corrected binarized data is correct, and the corrected binarized data are incorrect. An error correction capability determination unit that determines whether or not the amount of erasure exceeds the error correction capability; and if the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the first threshold and / or The threshold value changing unit that changes the second threshold value, changes again to signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit, and returns to the process of generating the signal lost binary data, and the corrected binarized data includes When it is correct, it is a forming body reading apparatus having a perforation group to which code information including a code information generation unit that generates code information from the corrected binarized data is assigned.

Further, the present invention provides a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations in a predetermined region of the substrate, and one of the two types of perforations is formed at a lattice-like intersection, and the other is formed from the lattice-like intersection. In an apparatus for reading a formed body that is formed in a shifted manner and code information is generated by the two types of perforations, an acquisition unit that acquires digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body, and the acquired digital image A digital image data conversion unit for converting data into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation, a deviation amount measurement unit for obtaining a deviation amount of the perforation coordinate data from the grid intersection, and obtaining perforation deviation data; A distribution density measuring unit that generates a distribution density of the perforation deviation data, a threshold value calculation unit that forms a first threshold value and a second threshold value from the distribution density, and the first threshold value and the second threshold value. On the basis of A comparison operation unit for converting a perforation at a perforation reference at the grid-like intersection from the perforation coordinate data and the perforation displacement data, and a perforation shifted from the perforation reference at the lattice-like intersection corresponding to binarization data; Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, binarization in which the drilling coordinate data and the drilling deviation data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are associated and converted A signal erasure data changing unit for changing data to signal erasure data and generating signal erasure binarization data, and a signal erasure binarization for generating signal erasure binarization data from the binarization data and the signal erasure data A data synthesizing unit, a correction binarized data generating unit that corrects an error of the signal erasure binarized data using predetermined error correction code data, and generates corrected binarized data; and the corrected data The An error correction determination unit that determines whether or not the binarized data is correct; and an error correction capability determination unit that determines whether or not the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability when the corrected binary data is incorrect When the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value are changed, and again by the signal loss data change unit Change to signal loss data, return to processing to generate signal loss binarization data, and generate code information from the corrected binarization data when the corrected binarization data is correct A forming body reading device having a perforation group to which code information including a code information generating unit is attached.

In the present invention, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed with different sizes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. And a digital unit for converting the acquired digital image data into perforation coordinate data indicating the XY coordinates of each perforation. An image data conversion unit; an area amount measurement unit for obtaining the perforation area data from the digital image data; and a distribution density measurement unit for generating a distribution density of the perforation area data; and the distribution density From the perforation coordinate data and the perforation area data based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, and a threshold value calculation unit that forms a first threshold value and a second threshold value. Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the perforation having a large area, the comparison operation unit that converts the small diameter perforation in association with the binarized data, and the first threshold value and the second threshold value, A signal erasure data changing unit that changes the binarized data obtained by associating and converting the drilling coordinate data and the drilling area data sandwiched between the second threshold values into signal lost data, and generates signal lost binary data A signal erasure binarization data synthesis unit that generates signal erasure binarization data from the binarization data and the signal erasure data, and the signal erasure binarization data using predetermined error correction code data A corrected binarized data generating unit for correcting the error and generating corrected binarized data, an error correction determining unit for determining whether the corrected binarized data is correct, and the corrected Binary data An error correction capability determination unit that determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability when the error is incorrect, and when the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, The threshold value changing unit that changes the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value, changes the signal value again to the signal loss data by the signal loss data change unit, and returns to the process of generating the signal loss binary data, and the correction When the binarized data is correct, the forming device has a perforation group to which code information including a code information generating unit that generates code information from the corrected binarized data is provided.

According to the present invention, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed in different shapes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. In a reading apparatus of a formed body, an acquisition unit that acquires digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body, and a digital image that converts the acquired digital image data into perforated coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation A data conversion unit, a pattern measurement unit that obtains the similarity of whether or not the digital image data is similar to a predetermined reference pattern, obtains perforation-similar data, and generates a distribution density of the perforation-similar data Based on the distribution density measurement unit, the threshold calculation unit that forms a first threshold and a second threshold from the distribution density, and the perforation based on the first threshold and the second threshold A comparison operation unit that converts a hole having a high similarity to the reference pattern from the target data and the hole similar data, a hole having a low similarity to the reference pattern in association with the binarized data, and the first threshold value; Based on the second threshold value, the binarized data obtained by associating and converting the drilling coordinate data and the drilling similarity data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are used as signal loss data. A signal erasure data changing unit for generating signal erasure binarization data, a signal erasure binarization data combining unit for generating signal erasure binarization data from the binarization data and the signal erasure data, and A correction binarized data generating unit that corrects an error of signal erasure binarized data using predetermined error correction code data and generates corrected binarized data; and the corrected binarized data includes: An error correction determination unit that determines whether or not the error is corrected, an error correction capability determination unit that determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds an error correction capability when the corrected binary data is incorrect, and the error When the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the correction capability determination unit, the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value are changed, and the signal loss data change unit again converts the signal loss data into signal loss data. A threshold value changing unit that changes and returns to the process of generating signal loss binarized data, and code information generation that generates code information from the corrected binarized data when the corrected binarized data is correct And a forming body reading device having a perforation group to which code information consisting of a portion is assigned.

Further, the present invention provides a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations in a predetermined region of the substrate, and one of the two types of perforations is formed at a lattice-like intersection, and the other is formed from the lattice-like intersection. In an apparatus for reading a formed body formed by shifting and generating code information by the two types of perforations, an acquisition unit for acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body, and the acquired digital image A digital image data conversion unit for converting data into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation, a deviation amount measurement unit for obtaining a deviation amount of the perforation coordinate data from the grid intersection, and obtaining perforation deviation data; A distribution density measurement unit that generates a distribution density of the perforation deviation data, a threshold calculation unit that forms a basic threshold from the distribution density, and a threshold amount that is divided from the basic threshold into a first threshold and a second threshold And a perforation at a perforation reference of the grid-like intersection from the perforation coordinate data and the perforation deviation data based on the first threshold and the second threshold, and a perforation reference of the grid-like intersection Based on the first threshold and the second threshold, the comparison calculation unit that converts the shifted perforations in association with the binarized data, and is sandwiched between the first threshold and the second threshold The puncture coordinate data and the puncture misalignment data are changed to signal erasure data, and a signal erasure data changing unit for generating signal erasure data, and signal erasure binarization data is generated from the binarization data and the signal erasure data. A signal erasure binarized data synthesizer and a correction binarized data generator that corrects an error of the signal erasure binarized data using predetermined error correction code data and generates corrected binarized data And An error correction determination unit for determining whether the corrected binarized data is correct; and, if the corrected binarized data is incorrect, determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability When the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit and the error correction capability determination unit, the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value are changed, and the signal is A threshold value changing unit for changing to signal lost data by the lost data changing unit and returning to the process of generating signal lost binary data, and the corrected binarized data when the corrected binarized data is correct This is a reading device for a formed body having a perforated group to which code information is formed, which includes a code information generation unit that generates code information from the perforation group.

In the present invention, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed with different sizes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. And a digital unit for converting the acquired digital image data into perforation coordinate data indicating the XY coordinates of each perforation. An image data conversion unit; an area amount measurement unit for obtaining the perforation area data from the digital image data; and a distribution density measurement unit for generating a distribution density of the perforation area data; and the distribution density Based on the threshold calculation unit that forms a basic threshold from the threshold value dividing unit that divides the basic threshold value into a first threshold value and a second threshold value, and the first threshold value and the second threshold value, A comparison calculation unit for converting a hole having a large hole area and a hole having a small hole area in association with binarized data from hole coordinate data and the hole area data, the first threshold value, and the second threshold value On the basis of the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the binarization data obtained by associating and converting the drilling coordinate data and the drilling area data are changed to signal loss data, A signal erasure data changing unit that generates binarized data, a signal erasure binarized data combining unit that generates signal erasure binarized data from the binarized data and the signal erasure data, and the signal erasure binarized data Is corrected using predetermined error correction code data, a corrected binarized data generating unit for generating corrected binarized data, and whether the corrected binarized data is correct is determined The An error correction determination unit, an error correction capability determination unit that determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability when the corrected binary data is incorrect, and a signal loss by the error correction capability determination unit When the amount of the error does not exceed the error correction capability, the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value is changed, and the signal lost data changing unit changes the signal lost data again, and the signal lost binary value is changed. Code information comprising a threshold value changing unit for returning to the process of generating the digitized data and a code information generating unit for generating code information from the corrected binarized data when the corrected binarized data is correct Fig. 3 is a reading device of a formed body having a given perforation group.

According to the present invention, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed in different shapes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. In a reading apparatus of a formed body, an acquisition unit that acquires digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body, and a digital image that converts the acquired digital image data into perforated coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation A data conversion unit, a pattern measurement unit that obtains similarity of whether or not the digital image data is similar to a predetermined reference pattern, obtains perforation-similar data, and generates a distribution density of the perforation-similar data A distribution density measurement unit; a threshold calculation unit that forms a basic threshold from the distribution density; a threshold division unit that divides the basic threshold into a first threshold and a second threshold; Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, a perforation having a high similarity to the reference pattern and a perforation having a low similarity to the reference pattern are binarized data from the perforation coordinate data and the perforation similarity data. Based on the first threshold and the second threshold, the drilling coordinate data and the drilling similarity data sandwiched between the first threshold and the second threshold based on the comparison calculation unit that converts the data in association with each other Changes the binarized data converted in association with the signal lost data to generate the signal lost binary data, the signal lost data changing unit for generating the signal lost binary data, and the signal lost binary from the binarized data and the signal lost data A signal erasure binarized data synthesizer for generating the digitized data, and a correction binary code for correcting the error using the predetermined error correction code data and generating the corrected binarized data. An error correction determination unit for determining whether the corrected binarized data is correct, and the amount of signal loss when the corrected binarized data is incorrect. An error correction capability determination unit that determines whether the capability has been exceeded, and when the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value are set The threshold value changing unit that changes the signal loss data again by the signal loss data changing unit and returns to the process of generating the signal lost binarized data, and the correction when the corrected binarized data is correct. This is a reading device for a formed body having a perforation group to which code information including a code information generation unit that generates code information from the binarized data is provided.

In the present invention, the digital image data conversion unit is further provided with code information further comprising a process of extracting only the region in which the plurality of perforations are formed by the perforation region data extracting unit. It is a reading device of a formed body having a perforation group.

In the present invention, the digital image data conversion unit further includes a process of performing floating binarization processing on the digital image data by the punching image data conversion unit, and a formed body having a punching group to which code information is added. It is a reading device.

Further, according to the present invention, the digital image data conversion unit performs a process of correcting tilt and / or distortion from a drilling coordinate serving as a reference for correcting the drilling coordinate data predetermined by the drilling coordinate correction data converting unit. The reading device for a formed body having a perforation group to which code information is further provided.

Further, according to the present invention, the digital image data conversion unit extracts only the drilling coordinate data to which the binarized data is added by the binarized region data extraction unit from the drilling coordinate data or the corrected drilling coordinate data. A forming body reading device having a perforation group to which code information is further provided.

Further, the present invention provides the formed body reading device, wherein the threshold value calculation unit has a perforation group to which code information is formed by forming a threshold value by a P-tile method, a mode method, a discriminant analysis method, or a minimum error method. is there.

The present invention obtains an appropriate basic threshold from perforation deviation data, perforation area data, or perforation-similar data read from a formation having a group of perforations to which code information is assigned. Thus, it is not necessary to find an appropriate threshold value (reading parameter) through trial and error as in the prior art, and reading errors are greatly reduced as compared with the prior art. Further, the threshold value changing unit changes the basic threshold value to the first threshold value and the second threshold value, and the perforated coordinate data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value is signal loss data, and the signal loss binarization is performed. By generating data and performing error correction using error correction code data determined in advance by the correction binarized data generation unit, reading errors are greatly reduced as compared with the conventional case. The perforation group to which information given to valuables is attached is perforation of 1 mm or less, the interval is narrow, code information can be read even on a base material that is easily deformed, such as paper, and the perforation is in the distribution stage. Even in the case of degradation or deformation due to friction or the like, the threshold value can be dynamically determined while reflecting the drilling state, so that the code information assigned to the fine drilling group can be easily and stably read. Become. Thereby, since the reading error at the time of reading the code | symbol information provided to the perforation group can be reduced significantly, the valuables provided with the perforation group can be operated smoothly.

Further, it is possible to indicate the deterioration state (degree of reading difficulty) of the perforation group, and it can be used as a warning for product deterioration (depending on the deterioration state).

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a reading apparatus according to the present invention will be described based on examples with reference to the drawings. However, the reading apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the following examples, and claims. It goes without saying that various modifications can be made to the embodiments of the invention within the scope of the technical matters described in.

The present invention relates to a method for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which code information is assigned and a reading apparatus therefor. The base material of the formed body is not particularly limited, such as paper, plastic, metal and the like. Therefore, the formed body can be applied to valuable printed matter that requires prevention of counterfeiting and tampering such as banknotes, passports, securities, cards, stamps, and stamps. Further, it is possible to use a perforation group in which code information is given to a separation portion such as a ticket, a stamp, a revenue stamp, or the like. In the present invention, the reading accuracy is improved as compared with the prior art particularly when the paper base material is perforated. The perforated group to which information is assigned will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (d).

The perforations in FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (d) are described using circular and polygonal shapes. FIG. 1A is an example in which “0” and “1” are expressed by the position of the perforation. For example, when the position (t) of the perforation is a reference position, In the drilling, if the drilling (s ′) shifted from the lattice point (intersection) calculated based on the drilling position (t) is “1” and the drilled hole (s) not shifted is “0”, Binary data can be expressed as “0101000” from the left of the line. Similarly, if the drilled hole (s ′) shifted in the third line is “0” and the drilled hole (s) not shifted is “1”, the binarized data is expressed as “1100101” from the left of the line. can do. Similarly, information can be assigned to the first row, the fourth row, the fifth row, the sixth row, and the seventh row.

FIG. 1B is an example in which “0” and “1” are expressed by the row drilling intervals. For example, in the drilling on the second line from the top, the drilling interval (u, u ′) is The perforation interval is broad (u) and the perforation interval is narrower than the perforation interval (u) (u ′), and the perforation interval is large, small, large, small, large, small, Binary data “101010” or “010101” can be expressed. Similarly, the perforation interval (u, u ′) in the third row has the large, large, small, small, large, and small perforation intervals, thereby expressing information as “110010” or “001101”. be able to. Similarly, information can be assigned to the first row, the fourth row, the fifth row, the sixth row, and the seventh row.

  FIG. 1C is an example in which “0” and “1” are expressed according to the size of the perforation. For example, in a perforation on a straight line in the second row from the top, a large diameter perforation (v ′) is formed. When “1” is set and a small perforation (v) is set to “0”, binary data can be expressed as “0101010”. Further, if the large diameter perforation (v ′) is “0” and the small perforation (v) is “1”, the binarized data can be expressed as “1010101”. Similarly, in the drilling on the straight line in the third row, if the drilling with a large diameter (v ′) is “1” and the drilling with a smaller drilling (v) is “0”, the binarized data is expressed as “0110100”. can do. In addition, if the perforation (v ′) having a large diameter is “0” and the small perforation (v) is “1”, the binarized data can be expressed as “1001011”. Similarly, information can be assigned to the first row, the fourth row, the fifth row, the sixth row, and the seventh row.

  FIG. 1D is an example in which “0” and “1” are expressed depending on the type of drilling. For example, in the drilling on the second line from the top, the polygonal drilling (w ′) is “ When “1” and circular perforation (w) are “0”, binary data can be expressed as “0101010”. If the polygonal perforation (w ′) is “0” and the circular perforation (w) is “1”, the binarized data can be expressed as “1010101”. Similarly, in the drilling on the straight line in the third row, if the polygonal drilling (w ′) is “1” and the circular drilling (w) is “0”, the binarized data is expressed as “0110100”. Can do. If the polygonal perforation (w ′) is “0” and the circular perforation (w) is “1”, the binarized data can be expressed as “1001011”. Similarly, information can be assigned to the first row, the fourth row, the fifth row, the sixth row, and the seventh row.

In FIG. 1 (a) to FIG. 1 (d), code information is formed by a perforation group composed of two types of perforations. As for FIG. 1A or FIG. 1B, binarized data is given depending on the position and interval of the perforation in a specific direction of the perforation group. It is not something. The size of the perforations is about 50 to 500 μm, and the shape of the perforations is not particularly limited. There may be a perforation group combining at least two of the positions, intervals, sizes, and shapes of the perforations shown in FIGS. 1 (a) to 1 (d). Since the perforation is fine, it is difficult to recognize with the naked eye even if there is a difference in position, interval, size, and shape. Therefore, it cannot be determined with the naked eye whether or not code information is given. . Therefore, it can be applied as a technique for preventing forgery of the valuables described above.

(Reader 2a)
The reading device 2 a that reads the formed body 1 having the perforation group to which the code information shown in FIG. 2 is provided includes an image acquisition unit 3, an image processing unit 4, and a code information display unit 5. The image acquisition unit 3 includes an illumination unit 3a, a photographing unit 3b, and an image signal conversion unit 3c. The image processing unit 4 includes a digital image data conversion unit 4a, a deviation amount measurement unit 4b (when code information is given due to deviation in perforation), a distribution density measurement unit 4c, a threshold value calculation unit 4d, a threshold value division unit 4e, a comparison operation 4f, signal loss data changing unit 4g, correction binarized data generating unit 4h, error correction determining unit 4i, error correcting capability determining unit 4j, threshold changing unit 4k and code information generating unit 4m. The image processing unit 4 includes a storage unit and a control unit (not shown). The image signal conversion unit 3 c included in the image acquisition unit 3 may be provided in the image processing unit 4. In this case, the code information embedded in the perforation group to which the code information is assigned is formed as error code data. In addition, when code | cord | chord information is provided to the formation 1 by the magnitude | size of a piercing | piercing, an area amount measurement part is provided instead of the deviation | shift amount measurement part 4b. When code information is given to the formed body 1 by the shape of the perforations, a pattern measurement unit is provided instead of the deviation amount measurement unit 4b.

Light is emitted from the illumination unit 3a, the formed body 1 is photographed by a photographing unit 3b such as a CCD camera or a scanner, and an image signal A1 is obtained. The image signal A1 is digitally shown in FIG. Conversion to image data A2. In the obtained digital image data A2, the digital image data conversion unit 4a of the image processing unit 4 calculates the centroid coordinates from the images of the respective piercing portions shown in FIG. It converts into the punching coordinate data A3 shown. The digital image data conversion unit 4a numbers the individual perforations, measures the size of the perforations as a pixel amount, and calculates the center of gravity (XY coordinates) for each individual perforation, thereby calculating the perforation unit coordinates. All perforations are replaced with perforation coordinate data A3 (numerical data) indicating XY coordinates from the image data.

When code information is given to the formed body 1 due to the deviation of the perforations, the deviation amount from the lattice-shaped intersection point which is a reference determined in advance by the deviation amount measuring unit 4b is obtained from the perforation coordinate data A3, and the perforation deviation data A4. To get. When code information is given to the formed body 1 according to the size of the perforations, the perforated coordinate data A3 is provided with an area amount measuring unit 4b 'instead of the deviation amount measuring unit 4b, and the perforated area data A4' is obtained. When code information is given to the formed body 1 by the shape of the perforation, the perforation coordinate data A3 is provided with a pattern measuring unit 4b "instead of the deviation amount measuring unit 4b, and is similar to a predetermined reference pattern? Whether or not the similarity is obtained is obtained, and the drilling similarity data A4 ″ is obtained.

The distribution density measuring unit 4c generates the distribution density A5 of the deviation in the X direction or the Y direction from the drilling deviation data A4. Alternatively, the distribution density measurement unit 4c generates the distribution density A5 'of the size of the perforated area data A4'. Alternatively, the distribution density measuring unit 4c generates the distribution density A5 ″ of similarity to the basic pattern from the drilling similarity data A4 ″. FIG. 4A shows the distribution density A5 when code information is given due to the difference (displacement) in the position of the perforations, and the perforation is performed from a grid-like intersection serving as a predetermined reference for generating the distribution density A5. The distribution density A5 of the deviation of the coordinate in the X direction or Y direction is obtained. FIG. 4B shows the distribution density A5 'when code information is given depending on the size (area) of the perforations, and the distribution density A5' is generated based on the number of pixels of the perforations. FIG. 4C shows the distribution density A5 ″ when code information is given due to the difference in the shape of the perforations, and the distribution density A5 ″ of the similarity with a predetermined basic pattern for generating the distribution density A5 ″. However, in the case where code information is given by the difference in the size of the perforations shown in Fig. 4B, a perforation area serving as a predetermined reference is provided, and the distribution density A5 is determined from the similarity of the areas. For example, the distribution density A5 is generated in order to generate the distribution density A5 shown in FIG. 5A when the perforation of the formed body 1 is given code information by the deviation in the Y direction. It is necessary to obtain each necessary drilling standard, in which case each drilling standard is a predetermined division from the drilling coordinates B1, B2, B3, B4 of the drilling coordinates (four points in this case) serving as a reference for two or more points. For example, from B1 to B2, B1 and B2 are divided at equal intervals from the drilling coordinates B1, B2, B3, and B4 according to a preset division parameter (the number of drillings in the Y direction). B1 to B3 are divided at equal intervals according to the division parameters (number of perforations in the X direction), and each grid-like intersection becomes a perforation reference of the perforation coordinate data A3. From this reference, the Y direction of the perforation coordinate data A3 The deviation amount is obtained, and the distribution density A5 (density histogram) shown in Fig. 5A is obtained from the perforation deviation data A4 of the deviation amount in the Y direction, and the distribution density A5 has a bimodal histogram. The reference drilling coordinates B1, B2, B3, and B4 are examples and are not particularly limited.

A threshold A6 necessary for distinguishing from the distribution density A5 a perforation that is at the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection and a perforation that deviates from the perforation reference at the lattice-like intersection by the threshold calculation unit 4d as shown in FIG. 5B. Ask for. The threshold A6 is determined using a P-tile method, a mode method, a discriminant analysis method, or a minimum error method. For example, in the mode method, the most valley part of the bimodal histogram becomes a threshold value, and when the discriminant analysis method is used, the threshold value with the best class separation is determined. Therefore, the basic threshold value A6 as shown in FIG. Is determined. The obtained basic threshold value A6 is divided into a first threshold value A6-1 and a second threshold value A6-2 as shown in FIG. 6 by a threshold value dividing method predetermined by the threshold value dividing unit 4e. For example, in FIG. 6A, the first threshold value A6-1 is determined at the same position as the position of the basic threshold value A6, and the second threshold value A6-2 is determined by shifting to the right from the basic threshold value A6. In FIG. 6B, the first threshold value A6-1 is determined at the same position as the position of the basic threshold value A6, and the second threshold value A6-2 is determined by being shifted leftward from the basic threshold value A6. In FIG. 6C, the first threshold A6-1 is determined by shifting from the basic threshold A6 in the left direction, and the second threshold A6-2 is determined by shifting from the basic threshold A6 in the right direction. As a threshold dividing method in the threshold dividing unit 4e, for example, a method of adding / subtracting a fixed predetermined value (reading parameter) to / from the reference threshold, or a distribution density curve with a distribution density as shown in FIG. There is a method of dividing the distribution density curve so that the absolute value of the integrated value from the first threshold to the reference threshold A6 is equal to the absolute value of the value integrated from the second threshold to the reference threshold A6.

Using the obtained basic threshold A6, the drilling coordinate data A3 corresponds to the binarized data by the comparison calculation unit 4f for the drilling at the drilling reference at the grid intersection and the drilling shifted from the drilling reference at the grid intersection. To convert. Corresponding to the binarized data, for example, one of the perforations at the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection and the perforations shifted from the perforation reference at the lattice-like intersection is converted to “0” and the other is converted to “1”. Thus, binarized data A7 is generated. In FIG. 5B, a perforation with a large deviation amount in the Y direction below the threshold is set to 1, and a perforation with a small deviation amount in the Y direction below the threshold is set to 0. The present invention is not limited to this, and a perforation having a larger deviation amount in the Y direction than the threshold value may be set to 0, and a perforation having a smaller deviation amount in the Y direction than the threshold value may be set to 1. In addition, the association with the binarized data is not limited to “0” and “1”, but the difference of one perforation is classified into four stages, each of which is “00” “01” “10”. There is also a method of associating with “11”.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the binary data A7 in which the drilling coordinate data A3 sandwiched between the first threshold A6-1 and the second threshold A6-2 is converted in association with each other. The converted data is changed to signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit 4g to generate signal lost binary data A8.

The signal erasure binarized data A8 is error-corrected by using error correction code data predetermined by the correction binarized data generation unit 4h, thereby generating corrected binarized data A8 '. The error correction determination unit 4i determines whether the corrected binarized data A8 'is correct. When the corrected binarized data A8 ′ is incorrect, the error correction capability determination unit 4j determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability, and the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability. In this case, the threshold value changing unit 4k changes the first threshold value A6-1 and / or the second threshold value A6-2, and again changes the binarized data to signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit 4g. The step of generating the signal erasure binarized data is repeated until it is determined that the corrected binarized data A8 ′ is correct or the amount of signal erasure exceeds the error correction capability. If the error correction capability determination unit 4j determines that the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability, it is determined that reading has failed. When the corrected binarized data A8 'is correct, the code information generating unit 4m generates code information A9 for the corrected binarized data A7'. The code information A9 is displayed on the code information display unit 5.

In the corrected binary data generation unit 4h, for example, binary data corrected by performing error correction using any one of a cyclic code, a BCH code, and a Reed-Solomon code can be obtained. Is used, error correction processing including signal loss can be performed particularly efficiently when corrected binary data is obtained.

If the algorithm in which alphanumeric characters or characters are converted into binary codes of “0” and “1” is traced in reverse, the binary data of “0” and “1” obtained from the perforation group of the formed body 1 Is converted to alphanumeric characters or characters. There are an infinite number of such algorithms, such as ASCII codes and two-dimensional barcodes expressed in 7 bits, but the confidentiality of the information can be further enhanced by converting using an original algorithm.

The code information A9 obtained by the code information generation unit 4m is displayed on the code information display unit 5. The code information display unit 5 is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a general cathode ray tube monitor and a liquid crystal monitor. Moreover, a small thing may be sufficient. By performing the above image processing, reading of the binary data of “0” or “1” applied to the formed body 1 by changing at least one of the interval, position, and size of the perforations is almost completed, If the above image processing is performed, it is possible to detect a difference such as a minute drilling position.

(Reading device 2b)
The reading device 2b that reads the formed body 1 having the perforation group to which the code information shown in FIG. The image acquisition unit 3 includes an illumination unit 3a, a photographing unit 3b, and an image signal conversion unit 3c. The image processing unit 4 includes a digital image data conversion unit 4a, a deviation amount measurement unit 4b (when code information is given due to deviation in perforation), a distribution density measurement unit 4c, a threshold value calculation unit 4d, a threshold value division unit 4e, a comparison operation 4f, signal erasure data changing unit 4g, signal erasure binarized data combining unit 4n, correction binarized data generating unit 4h, error correction determining unit 4i, error correcting capability determining unit 4j, threshold changing unit 4k and code information generating Part 4m. The image processing unit 4 includes a storage unit and a control unit (not shown). Here, unlike the reading device 2a, the signal erasure binarized data combining unit 4n is necessary, and the threshold dividing unit 4d is not necessary. The image signal conversion unit 3 c included in the image acquisition unit 3 may be provided in the image processing unit 4. In this case, the code information embedded in the perforation group to which the code information is assigned is formed as error code data. In addition, when code | cord | chord information is provided to the formation 1 by the magnitude | size of a piercing | piercing, an area amount measurement part is provided instead of the deviation | shift amount measurement part 4b. When code information is given to the formed body 1 by the shape of the perforations, a pattern measurement unit is provided instead of the deviation amount measurement unit 4b.

Image signal A1, digital image data A2, perforation coordinate data A3, perforation displacement data A4 (perforation coordinate data A4 ′, perforation similar data ”), distribution density A5, signal disappearance binarization data A8 of the reading device 2b shown in FIG. The flow of data after the generation of is the same as that of the reading device 2a shown in FIG.

The reading device 2a obtains the basic threshold value A6, and using the basic threshold value A6, the drilling coordinate data A3 is shifted from the drilling reference at the grid-like intersection point and the drilling reference at the grid-like intersection point in the comparison calculation unit 4f. The perforation is converted in association with the binarized data, and the perforation coordinate data A3 sandwiched between the first threshold A6-1 and the second threshold A6-2 in the binarized data A7 is converted in correspondence. The binarized data is changed to signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit 4g, and signal lost binary data A8 is generated. The reading device 2b obtains the first threshold A6-1 and the second threshold A6-2 by the threshold dividing unit 4e without obtaining the basic threshold. Therefore, the threshold dividing unit 4e is not necessary. The first threshold value A6-1 and the second threshold value A6-2 may be calculated using parameters input in advance and drilling deviation data A4 (drilling coordinate data A4 ′, drilling similarity data ”). The reading device 2b uses the first threshold value A6-1 and the second threshold value A6-2, and the drilling coordinate data A3 not sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value is latticed by the comparison calculation unit. The perforation at the perforation criterion at the intersection of the shape and the perforation deviated from the perforation criterion at the lattice-like intersection are converted in correspondence with the binarized data to generate the binarized data A7, and the first threshold value and the second threshold The perforated coordinate data A3 sandwiched between the threshold values is changed to signal lost data A7-1 by the signal lost data changing unit 4g to generate signal lost data. Signal loss data A7-1 is converted to signal loss binarization data. Generating a signal loss binarized data A8 synthetic unit 4n.

(Reader 2c)
The reading device 2c that reads the formed body 1 having the perforated group to which the code information shown in FIG. 9 is provided includes an image acquisition unit 3, an image processing unit 4, and a code information display unit 5. The image acquisition unit 3 includes an illumination unit 3a, a photographing unit 3b, and an image signal conversion unit 3c. The image processing unit 4 includes a digital image data conversion unit 4a, a deviation amount measurement unit 4b (when code information is given due to deviation in perforation), a distribution density measurement unit 4c, a threshold value calculation unit 4d, a threshold value division unit 4e, a comparison operation 4f, signal erasure data changing unit 4g, signal erasure binarized data combining unit 4n, correction binarized data generating unit 4h, error correction determining unit 4i, error correcting capability determining unit 4j, threshold changing unit 4k and code information generating Part 4m. The image processing unit 4 includes a storage unit and a control unit (not shown). Here, unlike the reading device 2a, a signal erasure binarized data combining unit 4n is required. The image signal conversion unit 3 c included in the image acquisition unit 3 may be provided in the image processing unit 4. In this case, the code information embedded in the perforation group to which the code information is assigned is formed as error code data. In addition, when code | cord | chord information is provided to the formation 1 by the magnitude | size of a piercing | piercing, an area amount measurement part is provided instead of the deviation | shift amount measurement part 4b. When code information is given to the formed body 1 by the shape of the perforations, a pattern measurement unit is provided instead of the deviation amount measurement unit 4b.

Image signal A1, digital image data A2, perforation coordinate data A3, perforation displacement data A4 (perforation coordinate data A4 ′, perforation similar data ”), distribution density A5, basic threshold A6, signal disappearance two of reading device 2c shown in FIG. The data flow after the generation of the binarized data A8 is the same as that of the reading device 2a shown in FIG. 2, but the method of generating the signal loss binarized data A8 is different.

The reading device 2a uses the basic threshold value A6, and the drilling coordinate data A3 is obtained by binarizing data on the drilling at the drilling reference at the grid-like intersection and the drilling shifted from the drilling reference at the grid-like intersection at the comparison calculation unit 4f. The binarized data obtained by converting the perforated coordinate data A3 sandwiched between the first threshold value A6-1 and the second threshold value A6-2 in the binarized data A7 in association with each other. The signal lost data changing unit 4g changes the signal lost data to signal lost data, and generates signal lost binary data A8. The reading device 2c uses the first threshold value A6-1 and the second threshold value A6-2, and the drilling coordinate data A3 not sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value is latticed by the comparison calculation unit 4f. A perforation at the perforation reference point at the intersection of the shape and a perforation shifted from the perforation reference at the lattice-like intersection point are converted to correspond to the binarized data, and the binarized data A7 is generated, and the first threshold value and the second threshold value are generated. The perforated coordinate data A3 sandwiched between the threshold values is changed to signal lost data A7-1 by the signal lost data changing unit 4g to generate signal lost data. The signal loss binarized data A8 is generated from the obtained binarized data A7 and the obtained signal loss data A7-1 by the signal loss binary data combining unit 4n. Although the basic threshold value A6 is not necessarily required in the reading device 2c, the basic threshold value A6 is used as a reference for determining the values of the first threshold value A6-1 and the second threshold value A6-2.

(Improvement of reader 2a, reader 2b, reader 2c)
In the reading device 2a, the reading device 2b, and the reading device 2c, the digital image data A2 is calculated by the digital image data conversion unit 4a from the image of each punched portion to obtain the center of gravity coordinates to calculate the punched coordinates, and the punched coordinate data indicating the XY coordinates. The reading accuracy and reading speed are improved by performing at least one of the following processes (1) to (4) by means for converting to A3. This will be described with reference to FIGS. 10, 11, and 12.

(1) In the pre-processing for converting the digital image data A2 into the punching coordinate data A3, the digital image data A2 or the punched image data A2-2 shown in (2) is obtained by the punching region data extraction unit 4p shown in FIG. Only the area where the perforations are formed is extracted. In order to minimize the image processing time, the digital image data A2 in the region including at least a part of the formed body 1 shown in FIG. 11A is an area that is approximately 1 mm larger than the area in which the perforated group of the formed body 1 is formed. And gray processing is performed to obtain original image data A2-1 shown in FIG.

(2) The digital image data A2 or the original image data A2-1 is subjected to floating binarization processing by the punched image data conversion unit 4q shown in FIG. 10 as preprocessing for converting the digital image data A2 into punched coordinate data A3. This is a floating binarization process for extracting a perforated part by removing background density unevenness due to the thickness or the like of the formed body 1 and converting it into perforated image data A2-2 shown in FIG. In the floating binarization process, the digital image data A2 or the original image data A2-1 is subjected to a gradation morphology opening process a specified number of times without fixing a threshold value for color separation of white / black, and the obtained background image is obtained. The difference between the image data and the digital image data A2 or the original image data A2-1 is a process for obtaining a clear image of only the perforated part from which the noise of the bright part due to the density of the texture is removed.

(3) Only the perforation coordinate data A3-2 to which the post-processing for converting the digital image data A2 into the perforation coordinate data A3 is added with the perforation coordinate data A3 or the binarized data shown in (4) is shown in FIG. The perforation coordinate correction data conversion unit 4r performs tilt correction and / or distortion correction based on the perforation coordinates that are a reference for correction determined in advance. It converts into punching coordinate correction data A3-1 as shown to Fig.12 (a). The perforated coordinate correction data conversion unit 4r needs to correct a slight inclination generated when the formed body 1 is set in the image acquisition unit 2 and wrinkles and distortion due to temperature and humidity which are particularly problematic when the base material is paper. There is. For example, on the basis of the drilling coordinates (B1, B2, B3, B4) which are the four-point reference for correction determined in advance from the drilling coordinate data A3 (numerical data), the inclination amounts of all the drilling coordinates and / or Or the linear primary distortion is calculated | required and the drilling coordinate correction data A3-1 are calculated. The drilling coordinates (B1, B2, B3, B4) serving as the reference for the four points are obtained by calculating the tilt amount of the drilling coordinates and / or the linear first-order distortion, and correcting the drilling coordinates (B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, B4 ′). ) In this case, the drilling coordinates serving as a reference for obtaining each drilling standard are four drilling coordinates (B1, B2, B3, B4), and the drilling coordinates obtained by the drilling coordinate correction data conversion unit 4r described above. Based on the correction data A3-1, the drilling coordinates serving as a reference for obtaining each drilling standard are corrected drilling coordinates (B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, B4 ′). It should be noted that the drilling coordinates (B1, B2, B3, B4) serving as the four-point reference for correction and the drilling coordinates for obtaining the grid-like intersection serving as the reference for each drilling for generating the drilling deviation data A4 (B1, B2, B3, B4) may be the same or different.

(4) In post-processing for converting the digital image data A2 into the drilling coordinate data A3, the drilling coordinate data A3 or the drilling coordinate correction data A3-1 is obtained by the binarized area data extraction unit 4s shown in FIG. Only the drilling coordinate data A3-2 to which the binarized data shown in FIG. The binarized area data extracting unit 4s excludes the punched coordinates to which the binarized data is not assigned with reference to a predetermined binarized data area or a non-binarized data area, and then binarized data is stored. Only the given drilling coordinate data A3-2 is extracted. Only the piercing coordinate data A3-2 to which the binarized data obtained by the binarized area data extracting unit 4s is assigned is used as a deviation amount from a lattice-shaped intersection which is a reference determined in advance by the deviation amount measuring unit 4b. The drilling deviation data A4 is obtained.

For example, when the drilling of the formed body 1 is provided with code information due to the deviation in the Y direction, the drilling deviation data A4 is obtained from the drilling coordinates B1, B2, B3, and B4 that serve as the reference for four predetermined points. As shown in FIG. 12A, corrected perforation coordinates B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, and B4 ′ are calculated by coordinate correction. Each drilling reference is obtained from the grid intersection by the preset division parameters from the corrected drilling coordinates B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, B4 ′, and each drilling coordinate data A3-2 is used as a reference by the shift amount measuring unit 4b. The amount of deviation from the grid-like intersection is obtained, and punching deviation data A4 of the amount of deviation in the Y direction is obtained.

(Reading device 2d)
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing an example of a reading device when a formed body having a perforated group to which code information according to the present invention is assigned is read by a transport line.

As shown in FIG. 13, the reading device 2 d in the case of reading the formed body 1 having the perforation group to which the code information is given by the transport line includes a transport device 6 including the image acquisition unit 3 for transporting the formed body 1, An image processing unit 4 and a code information display unit 5 are included. The conveyance device 6 includes an image acquisition unit 3, a rotary encoder 7, and a mark detection sensor 9, and the image acquisition unit 3 includes an illumination unit 3a and an imaging unit 3b. The rotary encoder 7 is for obtaining a synchronization signal as a reference for inputting an image signal to the image processing unit 4 in synchronization with the conveyance of the formed body 1. The image processing unit 4 includes a camera power supply I / F unit 8, a timing control unit 10, an image signal conversion unit 3c, a digital image data conversion unit 4a, and a deviation amount measurement unit 4b (when code information is given due to deviation in perforation) , Distribution density measurement unit 4c, threshold value calculation unit 4d, threshold value division unit 4e, comparison operation unit 4f, signal loss data change unit 4g, correction binarized data generation unit 4h, error correction determination unit 4i, error correction capability determination unit 4j , A threshold value changing unit 4k and a code information generating unit 4m. Further, the image processing unit 4 includes a signal disappearance binarized data synthesizing unit 4n, a puncture region data extraction unit 4h, a puncture image data conversion unit 4j, a puncture coordinate correction data conversion unit 4k, and a binarization region data extraction unit 4m. be able to. The image processing unit 4 includes a storage unit and a control unit (not shown). The image signal conversion unit 3 c included in the image acquisition unit 3 may be provided in the image processing unit 4. In addition, when code | cord | chord information is provided to the formation 1 by the magnitude | size of a piercing | piercing, an area amount measurement part is provided instead of the deviation | shift amount measurement part 4b. When code information is given to the formed body 1 by the shape of the perforations, a pattern measurement unit is provided instead of the deviation amount measurement unit 4b.

The image acquisition unit 3 includes an illumination unit 3a and an imaging unit 3b. The image acquisition unit 3 irradiates the formed body 1 with light from the illumination unit 3a, and captures a transmitted light image or reflected light image of the formation 1 with the imaging unit 3b. get. The illumination unit 3a is not particularly limited as long as the formed body 1 is irradiated with light and a transmitted light image or a reflected light image can be obtained by the photographing unit 3b. Raised. When the interval between the illuminating unit 3a and the photographing unit 3b is wide, a sufficient amount of light passing through the fine perforations applied to the formed body 1 cannot be obtained. Therefore, the illuminating unit 3a emits light with high luminance and excellent color rendering and directivity. A generated metal halide light source may be provided.

The imaging unit 3b is a monochrome camera, a CCD color line sensor camera, a 3CCD color line sensor camera, a TDI color line sensor camera, a CCD color as a camera that outputs a high-resolution color image signal of the formed body 1 conveyed at high speed. An area sensor camera or a CCD color area sensor camera capable of obtaining a resolution higher than the original resolution of the camera by synthesizing input image data picked up while shifting vertically and horizontally.

The image processing unit 4 supplies power to the photographing unit 3b, and also has a camera power I / F unit 8 having an interface function of an image signal from the photographing unit 3b, and a formed body 1 output from the mark detection sensor 9. The timing control unit 10 generates a signal necessary for image input by inputting the leading signal of the signal and the carrier synchronization signal output from the rotary encoder 7, and the timing control unit 10 receives the image signal obtained from the camera power supply I / F unit 8. Is used to obtain an image signal (input image data).

The captured image signal obtained by the transport device 6 including the image acquisition unit 3 is converted into code information by the image processing unit 4, and the code information is displayed by the code information display unit 5.

(Reading device 2e)
FIG. 13 shows an inspection machine, ATM, vending machine which processes a formed body having a perforated group to which code information according to the present invention is read with a transport line, for example, in a large amount and at a high speed like a banknote. 14 shows an example of a system reading device when mounted on a machine, etc., but FIG. 14 shows a system configuration intended for passport inspection at the time of immigration control, and has been devised to reduce size and weight. Yes.

The basic configuration of the image processing unit 4 is the same as that of the apparatus described with reference to FIG. FIG. 14 shows the reading device 2e. The formed body 1 is inserted between the illumination unit 3a and a glass plate or film 12 having excellent transparency. The illuminating unit 3 a is a white LED light source to be light and thin, and power is supplied from the illumination power supply 13. By using the plate supporting the white LED light source as the positioning guide 14, the imaging region of the formed body 1 is set. Moreover, the formation body 1 can be set at a fixed position by using a plate that supports the illuminating unit 3a as the contact positioning guide 14.

Moreover, the space | interval of the illumination part 3a and the glass plate or film 12 excellent in the transmittance | permeability was made into about 0.5 mm, and it prevented that the forming body 1 floated up by paper crease, wrinkles, etc. The transmitted light image or the reflected light image is captured by the photographing unit 3b (CCD color area sensor camera) through the plane mirror 15.

The imaging unit 3b is required to have extremely high resolution in order to accurately input, for example, the difference between the drilling position or the drilling interval. In particular, when the binarized data is included in the formed body 1, if the difference is so small that it cannot be visually discerned, the individual boundary portions of the light receiving elements constituting the imaging unit become insensitive, and highly accurate measurement is possible. Make it difficult. Therefore, the photographing unit is large and becomes a heavy camera, but in such a photographing unit, the image acquisition unit becomes huge, which causes a problem in practical use. Therefore, the photographing unit 3b uses a CCD color area sensor camera that can obtain a resolution equivalent to four times the original resolution of the camera by taking an image while shifting by 1/4 pixel vertically and horizontally. Further, since the image acquisition unit 3 increases in size when the focal length of the imaging unit 3b (CCD color area sensor camera) is long, the imaging unit 3b (CCD color area sensor camera) passes through the plane mirror 15. Can be stored compactly.

As a matter of course, the plane mirror 15 does not need to be used when the storage space is large. Further, there is no problem even if an optical fiber or the like is used instead of the flat mirror 15. The transmitted light image or the reflected light image of the formed body 1 can be imaged through a plane mirror or an optical fiber, and the focal length of the imaging unit 3b can be shortened. Image data captured by the imaging unit 3 b is sent to the image processing unit 4 via the camera I / F card 16. Note that the power of the photographing unit 3 b is also sent from the image processing unit 4 via the camera I / F card 16.

Note that the reading devices 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, and 2e of the present invention are not limited to the above-described configuration. For example, the digital image data A2 that is read and read by the user without forming an image acquisition unit. Alternatively, the punching coordinate data A3 may be sent to the reading devices 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, and 2e of the present invention via a network, mail, etc., and code information may be generated from the sent digital image data A2 or the punching coordinate data A3. good.

(Authentication device)
2, 8, 9, 10, 13, and 14, the reference code information storage unit 18, the true / false discrimination calculation unit 19, and the correction binarization By providing the data discriminating unit 20, it is possible to read the formed body having the perforated group to which the code information according to the present invention is given, and to perform authenticity judgment to determine whether or not it is genuine (not shown). The formed body 1 generates the corrected binarized data A8 ′ of the formed body 1 by the reading devices 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d shown in FIGS. If the binarized data A8 ′ corrected by the data discriminating unit 20 is incorrect, the error correction capability determining unit 4j determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability, and the amount of signal loss is the error correction capability. If the value exceeds the value, the reading is considered to be unsuccessful, and it is determined as “false”. If the corrected binarized data A8 ′ is correct, the code information generating unit 4m generates the code information A9 using the corrected binarized data A8 ′. Then, the predetermined reference code information A10 is read into the reference code information storage unit 18, the code information A9 obtained from the formation 1 is compared and verified by the authenticity determination calculation unit 19, and the reference code information A10 and the formation 1 Obtained from It is possible to determine whether the code information A9 matches and whether the code information A9 matches, and to determine whether the code information A9 is different.

(Reading method 1)
FIG. 15 shows a flowchart of a first example of a method for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which code information is assigned according to the present invention.

In the first step, the image acquisition unit irradiates the formed body shown in FIGS. 1A to 1D with light from the illuminating unit 3a, and captures a transmitted light image or a reflected light image of the formed body 1. The digital image data A2 is acquired from the image signal A1 after shooting at 3b.

In the second step, the digital image data A2 acquired in the first step is obtained by calculating the centroid coordinates from the images of the respective piercing portions by the digital image data conversion unit 4a to calculate the piercing coordinates, and the piercing coordinate data indicating the XY coordinates. Convert to A3.

In the third step, the punching coordinate data A3 converted in the second step is obtained by the shift amount measuring unit 4b to determine the shift amount from the grid-like intersection, and the punching shift data A4 is obtained. When code information is given to the formed body 1 according to the size of the perforations, the area amount of each perforation is obtained by the area amount measuring unit instead of the deviation amount measuring unit 4b, and the perforated area data A4 'is obtained. In addition, when code information is given to the formed body 1 by the shape of the perforations, the similarity is determined whether or not it is similar to the reference pattern predetermined by the pattern measuring unit instead of the deviation measuring unit 4b, The drilling similarity data A4 ″ is acquired.

In the fourth step, the distribution density A5 is generated by the distribution density measuring unit 4c based on the drilling deviation data A4 (the drilling area data A4 'or the drilling similarity data A4 ") acquired in the third step.

In the fifth step, the threshold value calculation unit 4d uses the distribution density A5 acquired in the fourth step to classify the perforations that are at the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection and the perforations that deviate from the perforation reference at the lattice-like intersection. A necessary basic threshold A6 is obtained. Alternatively, in the fifth step, a perforation having a large perforation area and a perforation having a small perforation area are classified by the threshold value calculation unit 4d from the distribution density A5 ′ (consisting of the perforation area data A4 ′) acquired in the fourth step. A necessary basic threshold value A6 is obtained. Alternatively, in the fifth step, perforations having a high similarity to the reference pattern by the threshold value calculation unit 4d from the distribution density A5 ″ (consisting of the perforation similarity data A4 ″) acquired in the fourth step, and the similarity to the reference pattern Determine the required basic threshold A6 for segmenting low perforations.

In the sixth step, the threshold value dividing unit 4e divides the basic threshold value A6 obtained in the fifth step into the first threshold value A6-1 and the second threshold value A6-2.

The seventh step uses the basic threshold value A6 obtained in the fifth step, and the perforation at the perforation reference of the grid-like intersection point in the comparison calculation unit 4f from the drilling deviation data A4 and the drilling coordinate data A3, and the grid-like intersection point The perforations that deviate from the perforation reference are binarized to generate binarized data A7. Alternatively, the seventh step uses the basic threshold value A6 obtained in the fifth step, and the perforation with a large perforation area by the comparison operation unit 4e from the perforation area data A4 ′ and the perforation coordinate data A3, and the perforation with a small perforation area. Is binarized to generate binarized data A7. Alternatively, the seventh step uses the basic threshold value A6 obtained in the fifth step and the perforation similar to the reference pattern in the comparison calculation unit 4e from the perforation similarity data A4 ″ and the perforation coordinate data A3, and the reference pattern 2 is binarized to generate a binarized data A7.

In the eighth step, among the binarized data A7 converted in the seventh step, the drilling deviation data A4 and the drilling coordinate data A3 sandwiched between the first threshold A6-1 and the second threshold A6-2 are obtained. The binarized data converted in association is changed to signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit 4g to generate signal lost binary data A8. Alternatively, in the eighth step, the drilling area data A4 ′ and the drilling coordinates sandwiched between the first threshold value A6-1 and the second threshold value A6-2 in the binarized data A7 converted in the seventh step. The binarized data obtained by associating and converting the data A3 is changed to the signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit 4g to generate the signal lost binary data A8. In the eighth step, among the binarized data A7 converted in the seventh step, the drilling similarity data A4 ″ and the drilling coordinate data A3 sandwiched between the first threshold value A6-1 and the second threshold value A6-2. Is converted into signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit 4g to generate signal lost binary data A8.

In the ninth step, the signal erasure binarized data A8 converted in the eighth step is subjected to error correction using the error correction code data determined in advance by the correction binary data generation unit 4h, and the corrected binary Generated data A8 ′.

In the tenth step, the error correction determination unit 4i determines whether the binarized data A8 'corrected in the ninth step is correct.

In the eleventh step, when the corrected binarized data A8 ′ obtained in the tenth step is incorrect, the error correction capability determination unit 4j determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability. .

In the twelfth step, when the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit 4j in the eleventh step, the threshold value changing unit 4k uses the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value. Is changed again to the signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit 4f to generate the signal lost binarized data A8. If the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit 4j, it is determined that reading has failed.

In the thirteenth step, when the corrected binarized data A8 ′ obtained in the ninth step is correct, the code information generating unit 4m generates code information A9 using the corrected binarized data A8 ′. .

Through the above process, the code information of the formed body having the perforated group to which the code information is given can be read, and the code information A9 is displayed on the code information display unit 5.

(Reading method 2)
FIG. 16 shows a flowchart of a first example of a method for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which code information is assigned according to the present invention.

In the first step, the image acquisition unit irradiates the formed body shown in FIGS. 1A to 1D with light from the illuminating unit 3a, and captures a transmitted light image or a reflected light image of the formed body 1. The digital image data A2 is acquired from the image signal A1 after shooting at 3b.

In the second step, the digital image data A2 acquired in the first step is obtained by calculating the centroid coordinates from the images of the respective piercing portions by the digital image data conversion unit 4a to calculate the piercing coordinates, and the piercing coordinate data indicating the XY coordinates. Convert to A3.

In the third step, the punching coordinate data A3 converted in the second step is obtained by the shift amount measuring unit 4b to determine the shift amount from the grid-like intersection, and the punching shift data A4 is obtained. When code information is given to the formed body 1 according to the size of the perforations, the area amount of each perforation is obtained by the area amount measuring unit instead of the deviation amount measuring unit 4b, and the perforated area data A4 'is obtained. In addition, when code information is given to the formed body 1 by the shape of the perforations, the similarity is determined whether or not it is similar to the reference pattern predetermined by the pattern measuring unit instead of the deviation measuring unit 4b, The drilling similarity data A4 ″ is acquired.

In the fourth step, the distribution density A5 is generated by the distribution density measuring unit 4c based on the drilling deviation data A4 (the drilling area data A4 'or the drilling similarity data A4 ") acquired in the third step.

In the fifth step, the threshold value calculation unit 4d uses the distribution density A5 acquired in the fourth step to classify the perforations that are at the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection and the perforations that deviate from the perforation reference at the lattice-like intersection. The necessary first threshold value A6-1 and second threshold value A6-2 are acquired. Alternatively, in the fifth step, a perforation having a large perforation area and a perforation having a small perforation area are classified by the threshold value calculation unit 4d from the distribution density A5 ′ (consisting of the perforation area data A4 ′) acquired in the fourth step. The necessary first threshold value A6-1 and second threshold value A6-2 are obtained. Alternatively, in the fifth step, perforations having a high similarity to the reference pattern by the threshold value calculation unit 4d from the distribution density A5 ″ (consisting of the perforation similarity data A4 ″) acquired in the fourth step, and the similarity to the reference pattern The first threshold A6-1 and the second threshold A6-2 necessary for segmenting the low perforations are obtained.

In the sixth step, the first threshold value and the second threshold value obtained in the fifth step are used to make the perforation at the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection point by the comparison operation unit 4f from the perforation deviation data A4 and the perforation coordinate data A3. Then, the perforation shifted from the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection is binarized to generate binarized data A7. Alternatively, the sixth step uses the first threshold value and the second threshold value obtained in the fifth step, and the perforation area data A4 ′ and the perforation coordinate data A3 from the perforation with a large perforation area in the comparison calculation unit 4e, The perforations having a small perforation area are binarized to generate binarized data A7. Alternatively, the sixth step uses the first threshold value and the second threshold value obtained in the fifth step and has a high similarity to the reference pattern in the comparison calculation unit 4e from the drilling similarity data A4 ″ and the drilling coordinate data A3. The perforation and the perforation having a low similarity to the reference pattern are binarized to generate binarized data A7.

The seventh step uses the first threshold value and the second threshold value obtained in the fifth step, and the drilling deviation data A4 sandwiched between the first threshold value A6-1 and the second threshold value 6-2, and The punching coordinate data A3 is changed to signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit 4g to generate signal lost data A7-1. Alternatively, the seventh step uses the first threshold value and the second threshold value obtained in the fifth step, and the drilling area data sandwiched between the first threshold value A6-1 and the second threshold value 6-2. A4 ′ and perforated coordinate data A3 are changed to signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit 4g to generate signal lost data A7-1. Alternatively, the seventh step uses the first threshold value and the second threshold value obtained in the fifth step, and the perforation-similar data sandwiched between the first threshold value A6-1 and the second threshold value 6-2. A4 ″ and perforated coordinate data A3 are changed to signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit 4g to generate signal lost data A7-1.

In the eighth step, the binarized data A7 obtained in the sixth step and the signal erasure data A7-1 obtained in the seventh step are converted into the signal erasure binary by the signal erasure binarization data synthesis unit 4n. Generated data A8.

In the ninth step, the signal erasure binarized data A8 generated by the signal erasure binarized data combining unit 4n in the eighth step is used with error correction code data predetermined by the correction binarized data generation unit 4h. Then, error correction is performed, and corrected binary data A8 ′ is generated.

In the tenth step, the error correction determination unit 4i determines whether the binarized data A8 'corrected in the ninth step is correct.

In the eleventh step, when the corrected binarized data A8 ′ obtained in the tenth step is incorrect, the error correction capability determination unit 4j determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability. .

In the twelfth step, when the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit 4j in the eleventh step, the threshold value changing unit 4k uses the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value. Is changed again to the signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit 4f to generate the signal lost binarized data A8. If the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit 4j, it is determined that reading has failed.

In the thirteenth step, when the corrected binarized data A8 ′ obtained in the ninth step is correct, the code information generating unit 4m generates code information A9 using the corrected binarized data A8 ′. .

Through the above process, the code information of the formed body having the perforated group to which the code information is given can be read, and the code information A9 is displayed on the code information display unit 5.

(Reading method 3)
FIG. 17 shows a flowchart of a second example of a method for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which code information is given according to the present invention.

In the first step, the image acquisition unit irradiates the formed body shown in FIGS. 1A to 1D with light from the illuminating unit 3a, and captures a transmitted light image or a reflected light image of the formed body 1. The digital image data A2 is acquired from the image signal A1 after shooting at 3b.

In the second step, the digital image data A2 acquired in the first step is obtained by calculating the centroid coordinates from the images of the respective piercing portions by the digital image data conversion unit 4a to calculate the piercing coordinates, and the piercing coordinate data indicating the XY coordinates. Convert to A3.

In the third step, the punching coordinate data A3 converted in the second step is obtained by the shift amount measuring unit 4b to determine the shift amount from the grid-like intersection, and the punching shift data A4 is obtained. When code information is given to the formed body 1 according to the size of the perforations, the area amount of each perforation is obtained by the area amount measuring unit instead of the deviation amount measuring unit 4b, and the perforated area data A4 'is obtained. In addition, when code information is given to the formed body 1 by the shape of the perforations, the similarity is determined whether or not it is similar to the reference pattern predetermined by the pattern measuring unit instead of the deviation measuring unit 4b, The drilling similarity data A4 ″ is acquired.

In the fourth step, the distribution density A5 is generated by the distribution density measuring unit 4c based on the drilling deviation data A4 (the drilling area data A4 'or the drilling similarity data A4 ") acquired in the third step.

In the fifth step, the threshold value calculation unit 4d uses the distribution density A5 acquired in the fourth step to classify the perforations that are at the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection and the perforations that deviate from the perforation reference at the lattice-like intersection. A necessary basic threshold A6 is obtained. Alternatively, in the fifth step, a perforation having a large perforation area and a perforation having a small perforation area are classified by the threshold value calculation unit 4d from the distribution density A5 ′ (consisting of the perforation area data A4 ′) acquired in the fourth step. A necessary basic threshold value A6 is obtained. Alternatively, in the fifth step, perforations having a high similarity to the reference pattern by the threshold value calculation unit 4d from the distribution density A5 ″ (consisting of the perforation similarity data A4 ″) acquired in the fourth step, and the similarity to the reference pattern Determine the required basic threshold A6 for segmenting low perforations.

In the sixth step, the threshold value dividing unit 4e divides the basic threshold value A6 obtained in the fifth step into the first threshold value A6-1 and the second threshold value A6-2.

In the seventh step, the first threshold value and the second threshold value obtained in the sixth step are used to make the perforation standard at the lattice-shaped intersection point perforation by the comparison calculation unit 4f from the perforation deviation data A4 and the perforation coordinate data A3. Then, the perforation shifted from the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection is binarized to generate binarized data A7. Alternatively, the seventh step uses the first threshold value and the second threshold value obtained in the sixth step, and the perforation area data A4 ′ and the perforation coordinate data A3 from the perforation with a large perforation area in the comparison calculation unit 4e, The perforations having a small perforation area are binarized to generate binarized data A7. Alternatively, the seventh step uses the first threshold value and the second threshold value obtained in the sixth step to determine the similarity to the reference pattern by the comparison calculation unit 4e from the drilling similarity data A4 ″ and the drilling coordinate data A3. Binarized data A7 is generated by binarizing high perforations and perforations having a low similarity to the reference pattern.

The eighth step uses the first threshold value and the second threshold value obtained in the sixth step, and the drilling deviation data A4 sandwiched between the first threshold value A6-1 and the second threshold value 6-2, and The punching coordinate data A3 is changed to signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit 4g to generate signal lost data A7-1. Alternatively, the eighth step uses the first threshold value and the second threshold value obtained in the sixth step, and the drilling area data sandwiched between the first threshold value A6-1 and the second threshold value 6-2. A4 ′ and perforated coordinate data A3 are changed to signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit 4g to generate signal lost data A7-1. Alternatively, the eighth step uses the first threshold value and the second threshold value obtained in the sixth step, and the perforation-like data sandwiched between the first threshold value A6-1 and the second threshold value 6-2. A4 ″ and perforated coordinate data A3 are changed to signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit 4g to generate signal lost data A7-1.

In the ninth step, the binarized data A7 obtained in the seventh step and the signal erasure data A7-1 obtained in the eighth step are converted into a signal erasure binary by the signal erasure binarization data synthesis unit 4n. Generated data A8.

In the tenth step, the signal erasure binarized data A8 generated by the signal erasure binarized data synthesizing unit 4n in the ninth step is used by the error correction code data predetermined by the correction binarized data generating unit 4h. Then, error correction is performed, and corrected binary data A8 ′ is generated.

In the eleventh step, the error correction determination unit 4i determines whether the binarized data A8 'corrected in the tenth step is correct.

In the twelfth step, when the corrected binarized data A8 ′ obtained in the eleventh step is incorrect, the error correction capability determination unit 4j determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability. .

In the thirteenth step, when the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit 4j in the twelfth step, the threshold value changing unit 4k uses the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value. Is changed again to signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit 4f, and signal lost binary data A8 is generated. If the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit 4j, it is determined that reading has failed.

In the fourteenth step, when the corrected binarized data A8 ′ obtained in the tenth step is correct, the code information generating unit 4m generates code information A9 using the corrected binarized data A8 ′. .

Through the above process, the code information of the formed body having the perforated group to which the code information is given can be read, and the code information A9 is displayed on the code information display unit 5.

(Improvement of reading method 1 and reading method 2)
In the reading method of FIGS. 15, 16, and 17, the digital image data A2 is calculated by the digital image data conversion unit 4a from the image of each pierced portion to obtain the centroid coordinates to calculate the puncture coordinates, and the puncture coordinate data indicating XY coordinates In the step of converting to A3, the reading accuracy and reading speed are improved by performing at least one of the following processes (1) to (4) (not shown).

(1) The digital image data A2 acquired in the first step is obtained by calculating a barycentric coordinate from the image of each perforated portion by the digital image data conversion unit 4a to calculate the perforated coordinates, and converted to perforated coordinate data A3 indicating XY coordinates. Before the drilling, the perforated image data A2-2 shown in the digital image data A2 or (2) is obtained by extracting only the region in which a plurality of perforations are formed by the perforated region data extraction unit 4p, and obtaining the original image data A2-1. Thereafter, drilling coordinate data A3 is calculated.

(2) The digital image data A2 acquired in the first step is obtained by calculating the centroid coordinates from the images of the respective piercing portions by the digital image data conversion unit 4a, calculating the piercing coordinates, and converting them into the piercing coordinate data A3 indicating the XY coordinates. Before the digital image data A2 or the original image data A2-1 is converted into the perforated image data A2-2 by performing floating binarization processing in the perforated image data conversion unit 4q, the perforated coordinate data A3 is calculated.

(3) The digital image data A2 acquired in the first step is obtained by calculating the centroid coordinates from the image of each pierced portion by the digital image data conversion unit 4a to calculate the piercing coordinates, and converted to the piercing coordinate data A3 indicating the XY coordinates. After that, only the perforation coordinate data A3-2 to which the binarized data shown in the perforation coordinate data A3 or (4) is added is a reference for a predetermined correction that becomes a reference in the perforation coordinate correction data conversion unit 4r. Inclination correction and / or distortion correction is performed from the drilling coordinates. For example, on the basis of the drilling coordinates (B1, B2, B3, B4) which are the four-point reference for correction determined in advance from the drilling coordinate data A3 (numerical data), the inclination amounts of all the drilling coordinates and / or Or the linear primary distortion is calculated | required and the drilling coordinate correction data A3-1 are calculated. The drilling coordinates (B1, B2, B3, B4) serving as the reference for the four points are obtained by calculating the tilt amount of the drilling coordinates and / or the linear first-order distortion, and correcting the drilling coordinates (B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, B4 ′). ) In this case, the drilling coordinates serving as a reference for obtaining each drilling standard are four drilling coordinates (B1, B2, B3, B4), and the drilling coordinates obtained by the drilling coordinate correction data conversion unit 4r described above. Based on the correction data A3-1, the drilling coordinates serving as a reference for obtaining each drilling standard are corrected drilling coordinates (B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, B4 ′). It should be noted that the drilling coordinates (B1, B2, B3, B4) serving as the four-point reference for correction and the drilling coordinates for obtaining the grid-like intersection serving as the reference for each drilling for generating the drilling deviation data A4 (B1, B2, B3, B4) may be the same or different.

(4) The digital image data A2 acquired in the first step is obtained by calculating the centroid coordinates from the images of the respective piercing portions by the digital image data conversion unit, calculating the piercing coordinates, and converting them into the piercing coordinate data A3 indicating the XY coordinates. Later, as the drilling coordinate data A3 or the drilling coordinate correction data A3-1, only the drilling coordinate data A3-2 to which the binarized data is added by the binarized region data extraction unit 4s is extracted. Only the piercing coordinate data A3-2 to which the binarized data obtained by the binarized area data extracting unit 4s is assigned is used as a deviation amount from a lattice-shaped intersection which is a reference determined in advance by the deviation amount measuring unit 4b. The drilling deviation data A4 is obtained.

  The reading method 1, the reading method 2, and the reading method 3 of the present invention are not limited to the above configuration. For example, when an image acquisition unit is not provided, the user starts from the second step or the third step. The formed body is read, and the read digital image data A2 or perforated coordinate data A3 is sent to the reading devices 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d of the present invention by a network, mail, etc., and the sent digital image data A2 or perforated coordinates Code information may be generated from the data A3.

(Authentication method)
First to eleventh steps of reading method 1 shown in FIG. 15, first to eleventh steps of reading method 1 shown in FIG. 16, and first to twelfth steps of reading method 2 shown in FIG. In the improvement of the reading method 1 and the reading method 2, the error correction capability determination unit 4j determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability, and if the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability, the reading fails. Judged “false”.

Code information obtained by the thirteenth step of the reading method 1, the thirteenth step of the reading method 2, the fourteenth step of the reading method 3, the improvement of the reading method 1, the improvement of the reading method 2, and the improvement of the reading method 3. In the case of the reading method 1 and the reading method 2, A9 is read in the reference code information A10 predetermined in the reference code information storage unit 18 in the 14th step, and in the case of the reading method 3, the reference code information is read in the 15th step. The reference code information A10 predetermined in the storage unit 18 is read (not shown).

The reference code information A10 read in the fourteenth step of the reading method 1 and the reading method 2, or the fifteenth step of the reading method 3, and the thirteenth step of the reading method 1 and the reading method 2, or the reading method The code information A9 obtained in the fourteenth process of No. 3 is compared and collated in the fifteenth process of the reading method 1 and the reading method 2 or the true / false discrimination calculation unit 19 in the sixteenth process of the reading method 3, and the reference code When the information A10 and the code information A9 obtained from the formed body 1 coincide with each other, it is determined to be “correct”, and when they are different, it is determined to be “false”, and authenticity determination can be performed (not shown). .

(Reading program)
The steps of the reading method 1, the reading method 2, the reading method 3, the improvement of the reading method 1, the improvement of the reading method 2, and the improvement of the reading method 3 can be programmed and executed by a computer apparatus.

(Authenticity discrimination program)
The steps of the authenticity determination method can be programmed and executed by a computer device.

Example 1
(Sample preparation)
As shown in FIG. 18, 16 × 16 perforated groups having a circular perforation shape and a diameter of 200 μm were prepared on a paper base material. The pitch of the perforations of 16 × 16 perforations is 600 μm. Among the 12 × 12 perforations of 16 × 16 perforations, some of the perforations are shifted in the 100 μm Y direction to form P1 Was made. Code information “F” was given by perforations shifted in the Y direction and perforations not shifted in the Y direction. The 1-byte code information is added with an error correction code and is embedded in the perforated group as 3-byte binary data “01001010 1011001 010101010”. The perforations were produced with a laser processing machine (CO2 laser). Ten sheets (P1 to P10) identical to the formed body P1 were prepared, and the formed bodies P1 to P10 were deteriorated by immersing them in the chemicals shown in Table 1 to prepare levels 10 from level 1. 18, 19, 20, 21, and 22 are image diagrams, and therefore the number and deviation of the perforations do not match those of the examples and comparative examples.

Level 1 to level 10 reading was performed using an apparatus not provided with the signal loss binarized data combining unit 4n shown in FIG. The formed body was irradiated with light from the illumination unit 3a including the image acquisition unit 3, and a transmitted light image was photographed by the photographing unit 3b to obtain an image signal A1. The image signal A1 was converted into digital image data A2 shown in FIG. 19A by the image signal converter 3c. The obtained digital image data A2 is subjected to gray processing by cutting out a region about 1 mm larger than the region where the perforated group shown in FIG. 19B is formed by the perforated region data extraction unit 4p, and the original image data A2-1 is obtained. Extracted. The original image data A2-1 obtained by the punched area data extraction unit 4p was subjected to floating binarization processing shown in FIG. 19C by the punched image data conversion unit 4q, and converted to punched image data A2-2.

The perforated image data A2-2 obtained by the perforated image data converting unit 4q is obtained by calculating the center of gravity coordinates from the images of the respective perforated parts by the digital image data converting unit 4a and calculating the perforated part coordinates, as shown in FIG. This was converted into drilling coordinate data A3 indicating the XY coordinates shown. The drilling coordinate data A3 obtained by the digital image data conversion unit 4a is subjected to inclination correction and distortion correction from a drilling coordinate serving as a reference for correction predetermined by the drilling coordinate correction data conversion unit 4r, as shown in FIG. Was converted into perforated coordinate correction data A3-1. This is based on the drilling coordinates (B1, B2, B3, B4) serving as the four reference points for correction determined in advance from the drilling coordinate data A3 (numerical data), The linear first-order distortion is obtained, and the drilling coordinate correction data A3-1 is calculated. The drilling coordinates (B1, B2, B3, B4) serving as the reference of the four points are obtained by calculating the tilt amount of the drilling coordinates and the linear first-order distortion, and the corrected drilling coordinates (B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, B4 ′). became. As shown in FIG. 20B, the punching coordinate correction data A3-1 obtained by the punching coordinate correction data conversion unit 4r is used only for the region to which the binarized data is added by the binarized region data extraction unit 4s. Extracted as coordinate data A3-2. From the drilling coordinates B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, B4 ′ from the drilling coordinates B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, B4 ′ and the drilling coordinate data A3-2 to which the binary data of the formed body 1 is given. As shown in 20 (c), B1 ′ and B2 ′ are equally spaced by 12 lines according to a preset division parameter (the number of perforations in the Y direction to which binarized data is added). Set, and by setting a predetermined division parameter (12 which is the number of perforations in the X direction to which binarized data is added), B1 ′ to B3 ′ are equally spaced by 12 lines, Each of the 144 intersections (Q) in a lattice shape is a drilling reference of the drilling coordinate data A3-2.

The drilling coordinate data A3-2 to which the binarized data extracted by the binarized region data extracting unit 4s is added is obtained from the drilling coordinates B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, and B4 ′ by the shift amount measuring unit 4b. The perforation deviation data A4, which is the amount of deviation in the Y direction, was obtained from the perforation coordinates serving as each of the 144 perforations. The perforation deviation data A4 obtained by the deviation amount measuring unit 4b is used to generate the distribution density A5 of the deviation amount in the Y direction as shown in FIG. 21A by the distribution density measuring unit 4c.

From the distribution density A5 (density histogram) obtained by the distribution density measurement unit 4c, an appropriate basic threshold value A6 was obtained by the threshold value calculation unit 4d. The distribution density A5 has a bimodal histogram. An appropriate basic threshold A6 shown in FIG. 21B is determined based on the distribution density A5 shown in FIG. The threshold value is determined by using a discriminant analysis method, and as shown in FIG. 21B, a basis for distinguishing a perforation at the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection from a perforation shifted from the perforation reference at the lattice-like intersection. A threshold A6 was determined. The obtained basic threshold value A6 was divided into a first threshold value A6-1 and a second threshold value A6-2 as shown in FIG. 21 (c) by a threshold value dividing method determined in advance by the threshold value dividing unit 4e.

Using the obtained basic threshold A6, the comparison calculation unit 4f compares the perforation coordinate data A3-2 and the perforation displacement data A4 obtained by the displacement amount measurement unit 4b, and determines the perforation at the lattice-shaped intersection point as “0”. ”And converted to“ 1 ”perforations deviated from the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection point to obtain binarized data A7. Next, as shown in FIG. 22, in the binarized data A7, the drilling coordinate data A3-2 and the drilling deviation data A4 sandwiched between the first threshold value A6-1 and the second threshold value A6-2 correspond to each other. Then, the binarized data converted by the conversion was changed to signal lost data by the signal lost data changing unit 4g to generate the signal lost binary data A8.

A binary value obtained by correcting the signal loss binarized data A8 obtained by the signal loss data changing unit 4g by correcting the error by the Reed-Solomon code using the error correction code data predetermined by the correction binary data generation unit 4h. Data A8 ′ was generated. When the corrected binarized data A8 ′ obtained by the corrected binarized data generating unit 4h is correct, the error correction determining unit 4i determines whether the corrected binarized data A8 ′ is correct. The code information generation unit 4m generates “F” as code information A9 from the binarized data A8 ′.

It was possible to read “F”, which is correct code information for all levels 1 to 10.

(Example 2)
Reading from level 1 to level 10 was performed using an apparatus provided with the signal disappearance binarized data combining unit 4n shown in FIG. 13 and not provided with the threshold dividing unit 4e. The formed body was irradiated with light from the illumination unit 3a including the image acquisition unit 3, and a transmitted light image was photographed by the photographing unit 3b to obtain an image signal A1. The image signal A1 was converted into digital image data A2 shown in FIG. 19A by the image signal converter 3c. The obtained digital image data A2 is subjected to gray processing by cutting out a region about 1 mm larger than the region where the perforated group shown in FIG. 19B is formed by the perforated region data extraction unit 4p, and the original image data A2-1 is obtained. Extracted. The original image data A2-1 obtained by the punched area data extraction unit 4p was subjected to floating binarization processing shown in FIG. 19C by the punched image data conversion unit 4q, and converted to punched image data A2-2.

The perforated image data A2-2 obtained by the perforated image data converting unit 4q is obtained by calculating the center of gravity coordinates from the images of the respective perforated parts by the digital image data converting unit 4a and calculating the perforated part coordinates, as shown in FIG. This was converted into drilling coordinate data A3 indicating the XY coordinates shown. The drilling coordinate data A3 obtained by the digital image data conversion unit 4a is subjected to inclination correction and distortion correction from a drilling coordinate serving as a reference for correction predetermined by the drilling coordinate correction data conversion unit 4r, as shown in FIG. Was converted into perforated coordinate correction data A3-1. This is based on the drilling coordinates (B1, B2, B3, B4) serving as the four reference points for correction determined in advance from the drilling coordinate data A3 (numerical data), The linear first-order distortion is obtained, and the drilling coordinate correction data A3-1 is calculated. The drilling coordinates (B1, B2, B3, B4) serving as the reference of the four points are obtained by calculating the tilt amount of the drilling coordinates and the linear first-order distortion, and the corrected drilling coordinates (B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, B4 ′). became. As shown in FIG. 20B, the punching coordinate correction data A3-1 obtained by the punching coordinate correction data conversion unit 4r is used only for the region to which the binarized data is added by the binarized region data extraction unit 4s. Extracted as coordinate data A3-2. From the drilling coordinates B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, B4 ′ from the drilling coordinates B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, B4 ′ and the drilling coordinate data A3-2 to which the binary data of the formed body 1 is given. As shown in 20 (c), B1 ′ and B2 ′ are equally spaced by 12 lines according to a preset division parameter (the number of perforations in the Y direction to which binarized data is added). Set, and by setting a predetermined division parameter (12 which is the number of perforations in the X direction to which binarized data is added), B1 ′ to B3 ′ are equally spaced by 12 lines, Each of the 144 intersections (Q) in a lattice shape is a drilling reference of the drilling coordinate data A3-2.

The drilling coordinate data A3-2 to which the binarized data extracted by the binarized region data extracting unit 4s is added is obtained from the drilling coordinates B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, and B4 ′ by the shift amount measuring unit 4b. The perforation deviation data A4, which is the amount of deviation in the Y direction, was obtained from the perforation coordinates serving as each of the 144 perforations. The perforation deviation data A4 obtained by the deviation amount measuring unit 4b is used to generate the distribution density A5 of the deviation amount in the Y direction as shown in FIG. 21A by the distribution density measuring unit 4c.

An appropriate first threshold value A6-1 and second threshold value A6-2 were obtained by the threshold value calculation unit 4d from the distribution density A5 (density histogram) obtained by the distribution density measurement unit 4c. The distribution density A5 has a bimodal histogram. Based on the distribution density A5 shown in FIG. 21A, the perforation at the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection shown in FIG. 21C and the perforation shifted from the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection are distinguished. The necessary first threshold value A6-1 and second threshold value A6-2 were obtained. In this case, the first threshold value A6-1 and the second threshold value A6-2 were obtained by calculation using parameters and distribution density A5 input in advance. In the second embodiment, the basic threshold A6 in FIG. 21C does not exist.

As shown in FIG. 21, using the obtained first threshold value A6-1 and second threshold value A6-2, the drilling coordinate data A3-2 not sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value and The comparison calculation unit 4f compares the perforation deviation data A4 obtained by the deviation amount measuring unit 4b with the comparison result of the perforation at the grid-like intersection point as “0”, and the perforation deviated from the perforation reference at the lattice-like intersection point. Conversion as “1” gave binarized data A7. The puncture coordinate data A3-2 and the puncture deviation data A4 sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are changed to the signal erasure data A7-1 by the signal erasure data changing unit 4g to generate the signal erasure data. . The signal loss binarized data A8 is generated from the obtained binarized data A7 and the obtained signal loss data A7-1 by the signal loss binary data synthesis unit 4n.

The signal erasure binarized data A8 obtained by the signal erasure binarized data combining unit 4n is error-corrected by the Reed-Solomon code using the error correction code data predetermined by the correction binarized data generating unit 4h. Corrected binarized data A8 ′ was generated. When the corrected binarized data A8 ′ obtained by the corrected binarized data generating unit 4h is correct, the error correction determining unit 4i determines whether the corrected binarized data A8 ′ is correct. The code information generation unit 4m generates “F” as code information A9 from the binarized data A8 ′.

It was possible to read “F”, which is correct code information for all levels 1 to 10.

(Example 3)
Using the apparatus provided with the signal disappearance binarized data combining unit 4n shown in FIG. 13, reading from level 1 to level 10 was performed. The formed body was irradiated with light from the illumination unit 3a including the image acquisition unit 3, and a transmitted light image was photographed by the photographing unit 3b to obtain an image signal A1. The image signal A1 was converted into digital image data A2 shown in FIG. 19A by the image signal converter 3c. The obtained digital image data A2 is subjected to gray processing by cutting out a region about 1 mm larger than the region where the perforated group shown in FIG. 19B is formed by the perforated region data extraction unit 4p, and the original image data A2-1 is obtained. Extracted. The original image data A2-1 obtained by the punched area data extraction unit 4p was subjected to floating binarization processing shown in FIG. 19C by the punched image data conversion unit 4q, and converted to punched image data A2-2.

The perforated image data A2-2 obtained by the perforated image data converting unit 4q is obtained by calculating the center of gravity coordinates from the images of the respective perforated parts by the digital image data converting unit 4a and calculating the perforated part coordinates, as shown in FIG. This was converted into drilling coordinate data A3 indicating the XY coordinates shown. The drilling coordinate data A3 obtained by the digital image data conversion unit 4a is subjected to inclination correction and distortion correction from a drilling coordinate serving as a reference for correction predetermined by the drilling coordinate correction data conversion unit 4r, as shown in FIG. Was converted into perforated coordinate correction data A3-1. This is based on the drilling coordinates (B1, B2, B3, B4) serving as the four reference points for correction determined in advance from the drilling coordinate data A3 (numerical data), The linear first-order distortion is obtained, and the drilling coordinate correction data A3-1 is calculated. The drilling coordinates (B1, B2, B3, B4) serving as the reference of the four points are obtained by calculating the tilt amount of the drilling coordinates and the linear first-order distortion, and the corrected drilling coordinates (B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, B4 ′). became. As shown in FIG. 20B, the punching coordinate correction data A3-1 obtained by the punching coordinate correction data conversion unit 4r is used only for the region to which the binarized data is added by the binarized region data extraction unit 4s. Extracted as coordinate data A3-2. From the drilling coordinates B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, B4 ′ from the drilling coordinates B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, B4 ′ and the drilling coordinate data A3-2 to which the binarized data of the formed body 1 is given. As shown in 20 (c), B1 ′ and B2 ′ are equally spaced by 12 lines according to a preset division parameter (the number of perforations in the Y direction to which binarized data is added). Set, and by setting a predetermined division parameter (12 which is the number of perforations in the X direction to which binarized data is added), B1 ′ to B3 ′ are equally spaced by 12 lines, Each of the 144 intersections (Q) in a lattice shape is a drilling reference of the drilling coordinate data A3-2.

The drilling coordinate data A3-2 to which the binarized data extracted by the binarized region data extracting unit 4s is added is obtained from the drilling coordinates B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, and B4 ′ by the shift amount measuring unit 4b. The perforation deviation data A4, which is the amount of deviation in the Y direction, was obtained from the perforation coordinates serving as each of the 144 perforations. The perforation deviation data A4 obtained by the deviation amount measuring unit 4b is used to generate the distribution density A5 of the deviation amount in the Y direction as shown in FIG. 21A by the distribution density measuring unit 4c.

From the distribution density A5 (density histogram) obtained by the distribution density measurement unit 4c, an appropriate basic threshold value A6 was obtained by the threshold value calculation unit 4d. The distribution density A5 has a bimodal histogram. An appropriate basic threshold A6 shown in FIG. 21B is determined based on the distribution density A5 shown in FIG. The threshold value is determined by using a discriminant analysis method, and as shown in FIG. 21B, a basis for distinguishing a perforation at the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection from a perforation shifted from the perforation reference at the lattice-like intersection. A threshold A6 was determined. The obtained basic threshold value A6 was divided into a first threshold value A6-1 and a second threshold value A6-2 as shown in FIG. 21 (c) by a threshold value dividing method determined in advance by the threshold value dividing unit 4e.

As shown in FIG. 21, using the obtained first threshold value A6-1 and second threshold value A6-2, the drilling coordinate data A3-2 not sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value and The comparison calculation unit 4f compares the perforation deviation data A4 obtained by the deviation amount measuring unit 4b with the comparison result of the perforation at the grid-like intersection point as “0”, and the perforation deviated from the perforation reference at the lattice-like intersection point. Conversion as “1” gave binarized data A7. The puncture coordinate data A3-2 and the puncture deviation data A4 sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are changed to the signal erasure data A7-1 by the signal erasure data changing unit 4g to generate the signal erasure data. . The signal loss binarized data A8 is generated from the obtained binarized data A7 and the obtained signal loss data A7-1 by the signal loss binary data synthesis unit 4n.

The signal erasure binarized data A8 obtained by the signal erasure binarized data combining unit 4n is error-corrected by the Reed-Solomon code using the error correction code data predetermined by the correction binarized data generating unit 4h. Corrected binarized data A8 ′ was generated. When the corrected binarized data A8 ′ obtained by the corrected binarized data generating unit 4h is correct, the error correction determining unit 4i determines whether the corrected binarized data A8 ′ is correct. The code information generation unit 4m generates “F” as code information A9 from the binarized data A8 ′.

It was possible to read “F”, which is correct code information for all levels 1 to 10.

(Comparative example)
Reading from level 1 to level 10 was performed using a discriminator having a fixed threshold. Similar to the embodiment, an error correction code is added to 1-byte code information “F”, and 3-byte binary data is embedded in the formation. The formed body was irradiated with light from the illumination unit 3a including the image acquisition unit 3, and a transmitted light image was photographed by the photographing unit 3b to obtain an image signal A1. The image signal A1 was converted into digital image data A2 shown in FIG. 19A by the image signal converter 3c. The obtained digital image data A2 is subjected to gray processing by cutting out a region about 1 mm larger than the region where the perforated group shown in FIG. 19B is formed by the perforated region data extraction unit 4p, and the original image data A2-1 is obtained. Extracted. The original image data A2-1 obtained by the punched area data extraction unit 4p was subjected to floating binarization processing shown in FIG. 19C by the punched image data conversion unit 4q, and converted to punched image data A2-2.

The perforated image data A2-2 obtained by the perforated image data converting unit 4q is obtained by calculating the center of gravity coordinates from the images of the respective perforated parts by the digital image data converting unit 4a and calculating the perforated part coordinates, as shown in FIG. This was converted into drilling coordinate data A3 indicating the XY coordinates shown. The drilling coordinate data A3 obtained by the digital image data conversion unit 4a is subjected to inclination correction and distortion correction from a drilling coordinate serving as a reference for correction predetermined by the drilling coordinate correction data conversion unit 4r, as shown in FIG. Was converted into perforated coordinate correction data A3-1. This is based on the drilling coordinates (B1, B2, B3, B4) serving as the four reference points for correction determined in advance from the drilling coordinate data A3 (numerical data), The linear first-order distortion is obtained, and the drilling coordinate correction data A3-1 is calculated. The drilling coordinates (B1, B2, B3, B4) serving as the reference of the four points are obtained by calculating the tilt amount of the drilling coordinates and the linear first-order distortion, and the corrected drilling coordinates (B1 ′, B2 ′, B3 ′, B4 ′). became. As shown in FIG. 20B, the punching coordinate correction data A3-1 obtained by the punching coordinate correction data conversion unit 4r is used only for the region to which the binarized data is added by the binarized region data extraction unit 4s. Extracted as coordinate data A3-2.

Using the threshold value (40 μm) fixed in advance for the drilling coordinate data A3-2 to which the binarized data extracted by the binarized region data extracting unit 4s is added, the binarized region data extracting unit 4s The perforation coordinate data A3-2 to which the extracted binarized data is assigned is compared by the comparison operation unit 4f, and the perforation at the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection is set to “0”. The binary data A7 was generated by converting the perforations deviated from “1” as “1”.

The binarized data A7 obtained by the comparison operation unit 4f is error-corrected by the Reed-Solomon code by the correction binarized data generation unit 4h, and the corrected binarized data A8 ′ is generated. Whether or not the corrected binarized data A8 ′ is correct is determined by the error correction determining unit 4i, and when the corrected binarized data A8 ′ is correct, the code information generating unit 4m displays the code information A8 “F” Was generated. If the corrected binarized data A8 ′ is an error, it is determined that reading has failed.

Levels 1 to 8 can be read, and code information “F” is obtained. However, for levels 9 and 10, the corrected binarized data A8 ′ is incorrect, and correct code information is obtained. It was not obtained.

  The results are shown in Table 1.

  As shown in Table 1, the level that could not be read in the comparative example became readable in Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3. The authenticity determination method, the authenticity determination device, and the like are described in the best mode for carrying out the above-described invention.

It is a figure which shows an example of the formation body which has the perforation group to which the code information was provided. It is a figure which shows the image of the reader 2a which concerns on this invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an image of an image obtained by processing an image signal A1 read from a formed body by an image processing unit 4; This is the distribution density A5 of the difference in the position, the difference in size or the difference in shape of the perforations. The distribution density projected in the Y direction is measured, the distribution density A5 (density histogram) of the deviation amount in the Y direction is acquired, and the perforation at the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection point by the threshold value calculation unit 4d from the distribution density A5, It is a figure which shows the image which calculates | requires basic threshold value A6 required in order to classify | drill the drilling | drilling which shifted | deviated from the drilling | drilling reference | standard of a grid-like intersection. It is explanatory drawing divided | segmented into 1st threshold value A6-1 and 2nd threshold value A6-2 from basic threshold value A6. It is a figure which shows the image which changes a part of signal data into signal loss data, and produces | generates signal loss binary data A8. It is a figure which shows the image of the reader 2b which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the image of the reader 2c which concerns on this invention. It is a figure which shows the example which raised the reading precision and reading speed of the reader 2a, the reader 2b, and the reader 2c which concern on this invention. It is a figure which shows the image of the digital image data at the time of reading a formed body with the reading apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows the image of the digital image data at the time of reading a formed body with the reading apparatus of this invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the reader 2d in the case of reading the formation body which has the perforation group to which the code information which concerns on this invention was provided with a conveyance line. It is a figure which shows an example of the reader 2e by which the device for aiming at size reduction and weight reduction is made | formed. It is a flowchart of the 1st example of the reading method of the formation body which has the perforation group to which the code information based on this invention was provided. It is a flowchart of the 2nd example of the reading method of the formation body which has the perforation group to which the code information based on this invention was provided. It is a flowchart of the 3rd example of the reading method of the formation body which has the perforation group to which the code information based on this invention was provided. It is an image figure which shows the sample of the Example of this invention. It is a figure which shows the image of the digital image data at the time of reading a sample (level 1-10) with the reader of this invention. It is a figure which shows the image of the digital image data at the time of reading a sample (level 1-10) with the reader of this invention. The distribution density projected in the Y direction is measured, the distribution density A5 (density histogram) of the deviation amount in the Y direction is acquired, and the perforation at the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection point by the threshold value calculation unit 4d from the distribution density A5, It is explanatory drawing which calculated | required basic threshold value A6 required in order to classify | drill the drilling | drilling which shifted | deviated from the drilling | drilling reference | standard of a grid-like intersection, and divided | segmented into 1st threshold value A6-1 and 2nd threshold value A6-2 from basic threshold value A6. . It is a figure which shows the image which changes a part of signal data into signal loss data, and produces | generates signal loss binary data A8.

Explanation of symbols

1, P1, P2, P3, P4, P5, P6, P7, P8, P9, P10 Forming bodies 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d, 2d Reading device 3 Image acquisition unit 3a Illumination unit 3b Imaging unit 3c Image signal conversion unit 4 Image processing unit 4a Digital image data conversion unit 4b Deviation amount measurement unit 4c Distribution density measurement unit 4d Threshold calculation unit 4e Threshold division unit 4f Comparison calculation unit 4g Signal loss data change unit 4h Correction binarization data generation unit 4i Error correction determination unit 4j Error correction capability determination unit 4k Threshold change unit 4m Code information generation unit 4n Signal loss binarized data synthesis unit 4p Puncture region data extraction unit 4q Puncture image data conversion unit 4r Puncture coordinate correction data conversion unit 4s Binary region data extraction Part 5 Code information display part 6 Conveying device 7 Rotary encoder 8 Camera power I / F part 9 Mark detection sensor 10 Timing control part 12 Transmission Glass plate or film having excellent properties 13 Illumination power supply 14 Positioning guide 15 Flat mirror 16 Camera I / F card 18 Reference code information storage unit 19 True / false discrimination calculation unit 20 Correction binarization data discrimination unit A1 Image signal A2 Digital image data A2-1 Original image data A2-2 Drilling image data A3 Drilling coordinate data A3-1 Drilling coordinate correction data A3-2 Drilling coordinate data A4 with binarized data A4 Drilling deviation data A4 ′ Drilling area data A4 ”Drilling similarity Data A5, A5 ′, A5 ″ Distribution density A6 Basic threshold A6-1 First threshold A6-2 Second threshold A7 Binary data A7-1 Signal loss data A8 Signal loss binary data A8 ′ Corrected Binary data A9 Code information A10 Predetermined reference code information B1, B2, B3, B4 Drilling coordinates B1 ′, B2 ′, 3 ', B4' correction drilling coordinates Q intersection (each perforation reference)
s 'misaligned perforation s misaligned perforation t perforation position u wide perforation interval u' perforation interval narrow
v Small perforations
v 'large perforations
w Circular perforation
w 'polygon perforation

Claims (28)

A perforation group consisting of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and one of the two types of perforations is formed at a grid-like intersection, and the other is formed by shifting from the grid-like intersection, In a method of reading a formed body in which code information is generated by two types of perforations,
Acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body, and the acquired digital image data is converted into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation by a digital image data conversion unit;
Obtain the amount of deviation from the grid intersection in the deviation amount measurement unit for the perforation coordinate data, obtain the perforation deviation data,
A distribution density measurement unit generates a distribution density for the drilling deviation data, and a threshold value calculation unit forms a basic threshold from the distribution density,
Dividing into a first threshold value and a second threshold value by the threshold value dividing unit from the basic threshold value,
Based on the basic threshold value, the perforation at the reference point of the lattice-like intersection and the perforation shifted from the reference point of the lattice-like intersection are binarized by the comparison calculation unit from the perforation coordinate data and the perforation deviation data. Convert it in association with the data,
Among the binarized data, the binarized data obtained by associating and converting the drilling coordinate data and the drilling deviation data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are converted by the signal loss data changing unit. Change to signal loss data, generate signal loss binary data,
The signal erasure binarized data is error-corrected using error correction code data determined in advance by a correction binarized data generation unit to generate corrected binarized data,
An error correction determination unit determines whether or not the corrected binarized data is correct,
If the corrected binary data is incorrect, an error correction capability determination unit determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability,
When the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the threshold value changing unit changes the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value, and changes the signal loss data again. Changed to signal loss data by the unit, and returned to the process of generating signal loss binary data,
When the corrected binarized data is correct, a method of reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information is generated by reading the corrected binarized data by generating code information by a code information generation unit. A method of reading a formed body in which a perforation group consisting of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of a substrate, the two types of perforations are formed with different sizes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations In
Acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body, and the acquired digital image data is converted into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation by a digital image data conversion unit;
Obtaining the area amount of the perforation in the area measurement unit for the digital image data, obtaining the perforation area data,
Generate a distribution density in the distribution density measurement unit for the perforated area data, and form a basic threshold value in the threshold value calculation unit from the distribution density,
Dividing into a first threshold value and a second threshold value by the threshold value dividing unit from the basic threshold value,
Based on the basic threshold value, the perforation having a large perforation area and the perforation having a small perforation area are converted in correspondence with the binarized data from the perforation coordinate data and the perforation area data in the comparison calculation unit,
Among the binarized data, the binarized data obtained by associating and converting the perforated coordinate data and the perforated area data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are converted by the signal loss data changing unit. Change to signal loss data, generate signal loss binary data,
The signal erasure binarized data is error-corrected using error correction code data determined in advance by a correction binarized data generation unit to generate corrected binarized data,
An error correction determination unit determines whether or not the corrected binarized data is correct,
If the corrected binary data is incorrect, an error correction capability determination unit determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability,
When the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the threshold value changing unit changes the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value, and changes the signal loss data again. Changed to signal loss data by the unit, and returned to the process of generating signal loss binary data,
When the corrected binarized data is correct, a method of reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information is generated by reading the corrected binarized data by generating code information by a code information generation unit. In a method for reading a formed body, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of a substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed in different shapes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. ,
Acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body, and the acquired digital image data is converted into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation by a digital image data conversion unit;
The digital image data is obtained with a reference pattern predetermined by the pattern measurement unit to determine whether it is similar or not, and drilling similarity data is obtained,
A distribution density measurement unit generates a distribution density of the perforation-similar data, a threshold value calculation unit forms a basic threshold from the distribution density,
Dividing into a first threshold value and a second threshold value by the threshold value dividing unit from the basic threshold value,
Based on the basic threshold, a perforation having a high similarity to the reference pattern and a perforation having a low similarity to the reference pattern are associated with the binarized data in the comparison calculation unit from the perforation coordinate data and the perforation similarity data. Converted,
Among the binarized data, the binarized data obtained by associating and converting the perforated coordinate data and the perforated similarity data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are converted by the signal loss data changing unit. Change to signal loss data, generate signal loss binary data,
The signal erasure binarized data is error-corrected using error correction code data determined in advance by a correction binarized data generation unit to generate corrected binarized data,
An error correction determination unit determines whether or not the corrected binarized data is correct,
If the corrected binary data is incorrect, an error correction capability determination unit determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability,
When the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the threshold value changing unit changes the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value, and changes the signal loss data again. Changed to signal loss data by the unit, and returned to the process of generating signal loss binary data,
When the corrected binarized data is correct, a method of reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information is generated by reading the corrected binarized data by generating code information by a code information generation unit. A perforation group consisting of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and one of the two types of perforations is formed at a grid-like intersection, and the other is formed by shifting from the grid-like intersection, In a method of reading a formed body in which code information is generated by two types of perforations,
Acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body, and the acquired digital image data is converted into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation by a digital image data conversion unit;
Obtain the amount of deviation from the grid intersection in the deviation amount measurement unit for the perforation coordinate data, obtain the perforation deviation data,
Generating a distribution density in the distribution density measurement unit for the drilling deviation data, and forming a first threshold value and a second threshold value in the threshold calculation unit from the distribution density;
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the punching coordinate data and the punching deviation data not sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are compared with each other in the grid shape Perforations that are in the perforation criteria of the intersection point and perforations that deviate from the perforation criteria of the lattice-like intersection point are converted in association with the binarized data,
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the puncture coordinate data and the puncture deviation data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are signal lost by a signal erasure data changing unit. Change to data, generate signal loss data,
A signal erasure binarization data synthesizer generates the signal erasure binarization data from the binarization data and the signal erasure data,
The signal erasure binarized data is error-corrected using error correction code data determined in advance by a correction binarized data generation unit to generate corrected binarized data,
An error correction determination unit determines whether or not the corrected binarized data is correct,
If the corrected binary data is incorrect, an error correction capability determination unit determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability,
When the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the threshold value changing unit changes the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value, and changes the signal loss data again. Changed to signal loss data by the unit, and returned to the process of generating signal loss binary data,
When the corrected binarized data is correct, a method of reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information is generated by reading the corrected binarized data by generating code information by a code information generation unit. A method of reading a formed body in which a perforation group consisting of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of a substrate, the two types of perforations are formed with different sizes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations In
Acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body, and the acquired digital image data is converted into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation by a digital image data conversion unit;
Obtaining the area amount of the perforation in the area measurement unit for the digital image data, obtaining the perforation area data,
Generating a distribution density in the distribution density measurement unit for the perforated area data, and forming a first threshold value and a second threshold value in the threshold value calculation unit from the distribution density;
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the drilling coordinate data and the drilling area data that are not sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are calculated by the comparison calculation unit. A large perforation and a small perforation with a small perforation area are converted in correspondence with the binarized data,
Based on the first threshold and the second threshold, the drilling coordinate data and the drilling area data sandwiched between the first threshold and the second threshold are signal lost by the signal lost data changing unit. Change to data, generate signal loss data,
A signal erasure binarization data synthesizer generates the signal erasure binarization data from the binarization data and the signal erasure data,
The signal erasure binarized data is error-corrected using error correction code data determined in advance by a correction binarized data generation unit to generate corrected binarized data,
An error correction determination unit determines whether or not the corrected binarized data is correct,
If the corrected binary data is incorrect, an error correction capability determination unit determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability,
When the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the threshold value changing unit changes the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value, and changes the signal loss data again. Changed to signal loss data by the unit, and returned to the process of generating signal loss binary data,
When the corrected binarized data is correct, a method of reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information is generated by reading the corrected binarized data by generating code information by a code information generation unit. In a method for reading a formed body, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of a substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed in different shapes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. ,
Acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body, and the acquired digital image data is converted into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation by a digital image data conversion unit;
The digital image data is obtained with a reference pattern predetermined by the pattern measurement unit to determine whether it is similar or not, and drilling similarity data is obtained,
Generating a distribution density of the perforation-like data in a distribution density measurement unit, and forming a first threshold value and a second threshold value in the threshold value calculation unit from the distribution density;
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the drilling coordinate data and the drilling similarity data not sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are converted into the reference pattern by the comparison calculation unit. A perforation having a high similarity and a perforation having a low similarity to the reference pattern are converted in association with the binarized data,
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the puncture coordinate data and the puncture-similar data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are lost by the signal erasure data changing unit. Change to data, generate signal loss data,
A signal erasure binarization data synthesizer generates the signal erasure binarization data from the binarization data and the signal erasure data,
The signal erasure binarized data is error-corrected using error correction code data determined in advance by a correction binarized data generation unit to generate corrected binarized data,
An error correction determination unit determines whether or not the corrected binarized data is correct,
If the corrected binary data is incorrect, an error correction capability determination unit determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability,
When the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the threshold value changing unit changes the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value, and changes the signal loss data again. Changed to signal loss data by the unit, and returned to the process of generating signal loss binary data,
When the corrected binarized data is correct, a method of reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information is generated by reading the corrected binarized data by generating code information by a code information generation unit. A perforation group consisting of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and one of the two types of perforations is formed at a grid-like intersection, and the other is formed by shifting from the grid-like intersection, In a method of reading a formed body in which code information is generated by two types of perforations,
Acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body, and the acquired digital image data is converted into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation by a digital image data conversion unit;
Obtain the amount of deviation from the grid intersection in the deviation amount measurement unit for the perforation coordinate data, obtain the perforation deviation data,
A distribution density measurement unit generates a distribution density for the drilling deviation data, and a threshold value calculation unit forms a basic threshold from the distribution density,
Dividing into a first threshold value and a second threshold value by the threshold value dividing unit from the basic threshold value,
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the punching coordinate data and the punching deviation data not sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are compared with each other in the grid shape Perforations that are in the perforation criteria of the intersection point and perforations that deviate from the perforation criteria of the lattice-like intersection point are converted in association with the binarized data,
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the puncture coordinate data and the puncture deviation data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are signal lost by a signal erasure data changing unit. Change to data, generate signal loss data,
A signal erasure binarization data synthesizer generates the signal erasure binarization data from the binarization data and the signal erasure data,
The signal erasure binarized data is error-corrected using error correction code data determined in advance by a correction binarized data generation unit to generate corrected binarized data,
An error correction determination unit determines whether or not the corrected binarized data is correct,
If the corrected binary data is incorrect, an error correction capability determination unit determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability,
When the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the threshold value changing unit changes the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value, and changes the signal loss data again. Changed to signal loss data by the unit, and returned to the process of generating signal loss binary data,
When the corrected binarized data is correct, a method of reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information is generated by reading the corrected binarized data by generating code information by a code information generation unit. A method of reading a formed body in which a perforation group consisting of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of a substrate, the two types of perforations are formed with different sizes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations In
Acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body, and the acquired digital image data is converted into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation by a digital image data conversion unit;
Obtaining the area amount of the perforation in the area measurement unit for the digital image data, obtaining the perforation area data,
Generate a distribution density in the distribution density measurement unit for the perforated area data, and form a basic threshold value in the threshold value calculation unit from the distribution density,
Dividing into a first threshold value and a second threshold value by the threshold value dividing unit from the basic threshold value,
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the drilling coordinate data and the drilling area data that are not sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are calculated by the comparison calculation unit. A large perforation and a small perforation with a small perforation area are converted in correspondence with the binarized data,
Based on the first threshold and the second threshold, the drilling coordinate data and the drilling area data sandwiched between the first threshold and the second threshold are signal lost by the signal lost data changing unit. Change to data, generate signal loss data,
A signal erasure binarization data synthesizer generates the signal erasure binarization data from the binarization data and the signal erasure data,
The signal erasure binarized data is error-corrected using error correction code data determined in advance by a correction binarized data generation unit to generate corrected binarized data,
An error correction determination unit determines whether or not the corrected binarized data is correct,
If the corrected binary data is incorrect, an error correction capability determination unit determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability,
When the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the threshold value changing unit changes the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value, and changes the signal loss data again. Changed to signal loss data by the unit, and returned to the process of generating signal loss binary data,
When the corrected binarized data is correct, a method of reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information is generated by reading the corrected binarized data by generating code information by a code information generation unit. In a method for reading a formed body, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of a substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed in different shapes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. ,
Acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body, and the acquired digital image data is converted into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation by a digital image data conversion unit;
The digital image data is obtained with a reference pattern predetermined by the pattern measurement unit to determine whether it is similar or not, and drilling similarity data is obtained,
A distribution density measurement unit generates a distribution density of the perforation-similar data, a threshold value calculation unit forms a basic threshold from the distribution density,
Dividing into a first threshold value and a second threshold value by the threshold value dividing unit from the basic threshold value,
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the drilling coordinate data and the drilling similarity data not sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are converted into the reference pattern by the comparison calculation unit. A perforation having a high similarity and a perforation having a low similarity to the reference pattern are converted in association with the binarized data,
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the puncture coordinate data and the puncture-similar data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are lost by the signal erasure data changing unit. Change to data, generate signal loss data,
A signal erasure binarization data synthesizer generates the signal erasure binarization data from the binarization data and the signal erasure data,
The signal erasure binarized data is error-corrected using error correction code data determined in advance by a correction binarized data generation unit to generate corrected binarized data,
An error correction determination unit determines whether or not the corrected binarized data is correct,
If the corrected binary data is incorrect, an error correction capability determination unit determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability,
When the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the threshold value changing unit changes the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value, and changes the signal loss data again. Changed to signal loss data by the unit, and returned to the process of generating signal loss binary data,
When the corrected binarized data is correct, a method of reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information is generated by reading the corrected binarized data by generating code information by a code information generation unit. The digital image data conversion unit further includes processing for extracting only the region in which the plurality of perforations are formed by the perforation region data extraction unit. A method for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which code information according to 7, 8 or 9 is assigned. The digital image data conversion unit further includes a process of performing floating binarization processing on the digital image data by the punched image data conversion unit, 2, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, A method for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which the code information according to 10 is provided. The digital image data conversion unit further includes a process of correcting the tilt and / or distortion from the drilling coordinates serving as a reference for correcting the drilling coordinate data predetermined by the drilling coordinate correction data converting unit. A method for reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information according to 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8, 10, or 11 is given. The digital image data conversion unit further includes a process of extracting only the drilling coordinate data to which the binarized data is added by the binarized region data extracting unit from the drilling coordinate data or the corrected drilling coordinate data. Item 13. A method for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which the code information according to Item 1, 2, 3, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 8, 10, 11, or 12 is added. The threshold value calculation unit forms a threshold value by a P-tile method, a mode method, a discriminant analysis method, or a minimum error method, wherein the threshold value calculation unit is a method of claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, A method for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which code information according to 11, 12, or 13 is given. A perforation group consisting of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and one of the two types of perforations is formed at a grid-like intersection, and the other is formed by shifting from the grid-like intersection, In the reading device of the formed body in which code information is generated by two types of perforations,
An acquisition unit for acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body;
A digital image data converter for converting the acquired digital image data into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation;
A displacement amount measuring unit for obtaining a displacement amount from the grid-like intersection point of the drilling coordinate data, and obtaining a drilling displacement data;
A distribution density measuring unit for generating a distribution density of the drilling deviation data;
A threshold value calculation unit for forming a basic threshold value from the distribution density;
A threshold value dividing unit for dividing the basic threshold value into a first threshold value and a second threshold value;
Based on the basic threshold, the perforation at the perforation reference at the grid-like intersection from the perforation coordinate data and the perforation deviation data and the perforation shifted from the perforation reference at the lattice-like intersection are associated with the binarized data. A comparison operation unit for converting
Among the binarized data, the binarized data obtained by associating and converting the drilling coordinate data and the drilling deviation data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are changed to signal loss data. A signal loss data changing unit for generating signal loss binarized data;
A correction binarized data generating unit for correcting the signal erasure binarized data using a predetermined error correction code data and generating corrected binarized data;
An error correction determination unit for determining whether the corrected binarized data is correct;
An error correction capability determination unit that determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability when the corrected binary data is incorrect;
If the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value are changed, and the signal loss data change unit again performs signal loss. A threshold change unit that changes to data and returns to the process of generating signal loss binarized data;
An apparatus for reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information including a code information generation unit that generates code information from the corrected binarized data is provided when the corrected binarized data is correct. An apparatus for reading a formed body in which a perforation group consisting of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of a substrate, the two types of perforations are formed with different sizes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations In
An acquisition unit for acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body;
A digital image data converter for converting the acquired digital image data into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation;
An area amount measuring unit for obtaining the perforation area data by obtaining the digital image data and determining the area amount of the perforation;
A distribution density measuring unit that generates a distribution density of the perforation area data;
A threshold value calculation unit for forming a basic threshold value from the distribution density;
A threshold value dividing unit for dividing the basic threshold value into a first threshold value and a second threshold value;
Based on the basic threshold, from the drilling coordinate data and the drilling area data, a drilling with a large drilling area, and a comparison operation unit that converts the drilling with a small drilling area in association with binary data,
Among the binarized data, the binarized data obtained by associating and converting the drilling coordinate data and the drilling area data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are changed to signal loss data. A signal loss data changing unit for generating signal loss binarized data;
A correction binarized data generating unit for correcting the signal erasure binarized data using a predetermined error correction code data and generating corrected binarized data;
An error correction determination unit for determining whether the corrected binarized data is correct;
An error correction capability determination unit that determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability when the corrected binary data is incorrect;
If the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value are changed, and the signal loss data change unit again performs signal loss. A threshold change unit that changes to data and returns to the process of generating signal loss binarized data;
An apparatus for reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information including a code information generation unit that generates code information from the corrected binarized data is provided when the corrected binarized data is correct. In a reading apparatus for a formed body, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of a substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed in different shapes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. ,
An acquisition unit for acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body;
A digital image data converter for converting the acquired digital image data into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation;
A pattern measurement unit that obtains perforation similarity data by determining the similarity whether the digital image data is similar to a predetermined reference pattern, and
A distribution density measuring unit for generating a distribution density of the perforation-like data;
A threshold value calculation unit for forming a basic threshold value from the distribution density;
A threshold value dividing unit for dividing the basic threshold value into a first threshold value and a second threshold value;
Based on the basic threshold, a comparison operation for converting a hole having a high similarity to the reference pattern from the hole coordinate data and the hole similar data and a hole having a low similarity to the reference pattern in association with the binarized data. And
Among the binarized data, the binarized data obtained by associating and converting the perforated coordinate data and the perforated similarity data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are changed to signal loss data. And a signal loss data changing unit for generating signal loss binarized data,
A correction binarized data generating unit for correcting the signal erasure binarized data using a predetermined error correction code data and generating corrected binarized data;
An error correction determination unit for determining whether the corrected binarized data is correct;
An error correction capability determination unit that determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability when the corrected binary data is incorrect;
If the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value are changed, and the signal loss data change unit again performs signal loss. A threshold change unit that changes to data and returns to the process of generating signal loss binarized data;
An apparatus for reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information including a code information generation unit that generates code information from the corrected binarized data is provided when the corrected binarized data is correct. A perforation group consisting of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and one of the two types of perforations is formed at a grid-like intersection, and the other is formed by shifting from the grid-like intersection, In the reading device of the formed body in which code information is generated by two types of perforations,
An acquisition unit for acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body;
A digital image data converter for converting the acquired digital image data into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation;
A displacement amount measuring unit for obtaining a displacement amount from the grid-like intersection point of the drilling coordinate data, and obtaining a drilling displacement data;
A distribution density measuring unit for generating a distribution density of the drilling deviation data;
A threshold value calculation unit that forms a first threshold value and a second threshold value from the distribution density;
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the perforation at the perforation reference of the grid-like intersection from the perforation coordinate data and the perforation deviation data, and the perforation shifted from the perforation reference of the lattice-like intersection A comparison operation unit that converts the data in correspondence with the binarized data,
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the binarized data obtained by converting the perforation coordinate data and the perforation deviation data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value in association with each other. Is changed to signal lost data, and a signal lost data changing unit for generating signal lost binary data,
A signal erasure binarization data combining unit for generating signal erasure binarization data from the binarization data and the signal erasure data;
A correction binarized data generating unit for correcting the signal erasure binarized data using a predetermined error correction code data and generating corrected binarized data;
An error correction determination unit for determining whether the corrected binarized data is correct;
An error correction capability determination unit that determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability when the corrected binary data is incorrect;
If the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value are changed, and the signal loss data change unit again performs signal loss. A threshold change unit that changes to data and returns to the process of generating signal loss binarized data;
An apparatus for reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information including a code information generation unit that generates code information from the corrected binarized data is provided when the corrected binarized data is correct. An apparatus for reading a formed body in which a perforation group consisting of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of a substrate, the two types of perforations are formed with different sizes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations In
An acquisition unit for acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body;
A digital image data converter for converting the acquired digital image data into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation;
An area amount measuring unit for obtaining the perforation area data by obtaining the digital image data and determining the area amount of the perforation;
A distribution density measuring unit that generates a distribution density of the perforation area data;
A threshold value calculation unit that forms a first threshold value and a second threshold value from the distribution density;
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the perforation having the large perforation area and the perforation having the small perforation area are converted from the perforation coordinate data and the perforation area data in association with the binarized data. A comparison operation unit,
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, binarized data obtained by converting the drilling coordinate data and the drilling area data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value in association with each other. Is changed to signal lost data, and a signal lost data changing unit for generating signal lost binary data,
A signal erasure binarization data combining unit for generating signal erasure binarization data from the binarization data and the signal erasure data;
A correction binarized data generating unit for correcting the signal erasure binarized data using a predetermined error correction code data and generating corrected binarized data;
An error correction determination unit for determining whether the corrected binarized data is correct;
An error correction capability determination unit that determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability when the corrected binary data is incorrect;
If the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value are changed, and the signal loss data change unit again performs signal loss. A threshold change unit that changes to data and returns to the process of generating signal loss binarized data;
An apparatus for reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information including a code information generation unit that generates code information from the corrected binarized data is provided when the corrected binarized data is correct. In a reading apparatus for a formed body, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of a substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed in different shapes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. ,
An acquisition unit for acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body;
A digital image data converter for converting the acquired digital image data into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation;
A pattern measurement unit that obtains perforation similarity data by determining the similarity whether the digital image data is similar to a predetermined reference pattern, and
A distribution density measuring unit for generating a distribution density of the perforation-like data;
A threshold value calculation unit that forms a first threshold value and a second threshold value from the distribution density;
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the perforation data having a high similarity to the reference pattern and the perforations having a low similarity to the reference pattern are binarized data based on the perforation coordinate data and the perforation similarity data. A comparison operation unit for converting in association with
Based on the first threshold and the second threshold, binarization in which the drilling coordinate data and the drilling similarity data sandwiched between the first threshold and the second threshold are converted in association with each other A signal loss data changing unit that changes data to signal loss data and generates signal loss binary data;
A signal erasure binarization data combining unit for generating signal erasure binarization data from the binarization data and the signal erasure data;
A correction binarized data generating unit for correcting the signal erasure binarized data using a predetermined error correction code data and generating corrected binarized data;
An error correction determination unit for determining whether the corrected binarized data is correct;
An error correction capability determination unit that determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability when the corrected binary data is incorrect;
If the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value are changed, and the signal loss data change unit again performs signal loss. A threshold change unit that changes to data and returns to the process of generating signal loss binarized data;
An apparatus for reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information including a code information generation unit that generates code information from the corrected binarized data is provided when the corrected binarized data is correct. A perforation group consisting of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of the substrate, and one of the two types of perforations is formed at a grid-like intersection, and the other is formed by shifting from the grid-like intersection, In the reading device of the formed body in which code information is generated by two types of perforations,
An acquisition unit for acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body;
A digital image data converter for converting the acquired digital image data into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation;
A displacement amount measuring unit for obtaining a displacement amount from the grid-like intersection point of the drilling coordinate data, and obtaining a drilling displacement data;
A distribution density measuring unit for generating a distribution density of the drilling deviation data;
A threshold value calculation unit for forming a basic threshold value from the distribution density;
A threshold value dividing unit for dividing the basic threshold value into a first threshold value and a second threshold value;
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the perforation at the perforation reference of the grid-like intersection from the perforation coordinate data and the perforation deviation data, and the perforation shifted from the perforation reference of the lattice-like intersection A comparison operation unit that converts the data in correspondence with the binarized data,
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the punching coordinate data and the punching deviation data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value are changed to signal loss data, A signal loss data changing unit for generating lost data;
A signal erasure binarization data combining unit for generating signal erasure binarization data from the binarization data and the signal erasure data;
A correction binarized data generating unit for correcting the signal erasure binarized data using a predetermined error correction code data and generating corrected binarized data;
An error correction determination unit for determining whether the corrected binarized data is correct;
An error correction capability determination unit that determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability when the corrected binary data is incorrect;
If the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value are changed, and the signal loss data change unit again performs signal loss. A threshold change unit that changes to data and returns to the process of generating signal loss binarized data;
An apparatus for reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information including a code information generation unit that generates code information from the corrected binarized data is provided when the corrected binarized data is correct. An apparatus for reading a formed body in which a perforation group consisting of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of a substrate, the two types of perforations are formed with different sizes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations In
An acquisition unit for acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body;
A digital image data converter for converting the acquired digital image data into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation;
An area amount measuring unit for obtaining the perforation area data by obtaining the digital image data and determining the area amount of the perforation;
A distribution density measuring unit that generates a distribution density of the perforation area data;
A threshold value calculation unit for forming a basic threshold value from the distribution density;
A threshold value dividing unit for dividing the basic threshold value into a first threshold value and a second threshold value;
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the perforation having the large perforation area and the perforation having the small perforation area are converted from the perforation coordinate data and the perforation area data in association with the binarized data. A comparison operation unit;
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, binarized data obtained by converting the drilling coordinate data and the drilling area data sandwiched between the first threshold value and the second threshold value in association with each other. Is changed to signal lost data, and a signal lost data changing unit for generating signal lost binary data,
A signal erasure binarization data combining unit for generating signal erasure binarization data from the binarization data and the signal erasure data;
A correction binarized data generating unit for correcting the signal erasure binarized data using a predetermined error correction code data and generating corrected binarized data;
An error correction determination unit for determining whether the corrected binarized data is correct;
An error correction capability determination unit that determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability when the corrected binary data is incorrect;
If the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value are changed, and the signal loss data change unit again performs signal loss. A threshold change unit that changes to data and returns to the process of generating signal loss binarized data;
An apparatus for reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information including a code information generation unit that generates code information from the corrected binarized data is provided when the corrected binarized data is correct. In a reading apparatus for a formed body, a group of perforations composed of two types of perforations is provided in a predetermined region of a substrate, and the two types of perforations are formed in different shapes, and code information is generated by the two types of perforations. ,
An acquisition unit for acquiring digital image data including the predetermined region of the formed body;
A digital image data converter for converting the acquired digital image data into perforation coordinate data indicating XY coordinates of each perforation;
A pattern measurement unit that obtains perforation similarity data by determining the similarity whether the digital image data is similar to a predetermined reference pattern, and
A distribution density measuring unit for generating a distribution density of the perforation-like data;
A threshold value calculation unit for forming a basic threshold value from the distribution density;
A threshold value dividing unit for dividing the basic threshold value into a first threshold value and a second threshold value;
Based on the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the perforation data having a high similarity to the reference pattern and the perforations having a low similarity to the reference pattern are binarized data based on the perforation coordinate data and the perforation similarity data. A comparison operation unit for converting in association with
Based on the first threshold and the second threshold, binarization in which the drilling coordinate data and the drilling similarity data sandwiched between the first threshold and the second threshold are converted in association with each other A signal loss data changing unit that changes data to signal loss data and generates signal loss binary data;
A signal erasure binarization data combining unit for generating signal erasure binarization data from the binarization data and the signal erasure data;
A correction binarized data generating unit for correcting the signal erasure binarized data using a predetermined error correction code data and generating corrected binarized data;
An error correction determination unit for determining whether the corrected binarized data is correct;
An error correction capability determination unit that determines whether the amount of signal loss exceeds the error correction capability when the corrected binary data is incorrect;
If the amount of signal loss does not exceed the error correction capability by the error correction capability determination unit, the first threshold value and / or the second threshold value are changed, and the signal loss data change unit again performs signal loss. A threshold change unit that changes to data and returns to the process of generating signal loss binarized data;
An apparatus for reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information including a code information generation unit that generates code information from the corrected binarized data is provided when the corrected binarized data is correct. The digital image data conversion unit further comprises a process of extracting only the region in which the plurality of perforations are formed by the perforation region data extraction unit. 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, An apparatus for reading a formed body having a perforation group to which code information according to 20, 21, 22, or 23 is assigned. The digital image data converter further comprises a process of floating binary processing of the digital image data by a punched image data converter, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, An apparatus for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which code information according to 23 or 24 is given. The digital image data conversion unit further includes a process of correcting inclination and / or distortion from a drilling coordinate serving as a reference for correcting the drilling coordinate data predetermined by the drilling coordinate correction data converting unit. Item 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, or 25. The digital image data conversion unit further includes a process of extracting only the drilling coordinate data to which the binarized data is added by the binarization region data extracting unit from the drilling coordinate data or the corrected drilling coordinate data. An apparatus for reading a formed body having a group of perforations to which code information according to claim 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25 or 26 is given. The threshold value calculation unit forms a threshold value by a P-tile method, a mode method, a discriminant analysis method, or a minimum error method, wherein the threshold value calculation unit is configured to form a threshold value. An apparatus for reading a formed body having a perforated group to which code information according to 25, 26 or 27 is given.

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