JP2007101004A - Cogeneration system for multiple dwelling house - Google Patents

Cogeneration system for multiple dwelling house Download PDF

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JP2007101004A
JP2007101004A JP2005288491A JP2005288491A JP2007101004A JP 2007101004 A JP2007101004 A JP 2007101004A JP 2005288491 A JP2005288491 A JP 2005288491A JP 2005288491 A JP2005288491 A JP 2005288491A JP 2007101004 A JP2007101004 A JP 2007101004A
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hot water
dwelling
water storage
dwelling unit
floor
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JP4749109B2 (en
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Takashi Kitagawa
隆 北川
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Kawamura Electric Inc
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/18—Domestic hot-water supply systems using recuperated or waste heat

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To miniaturize individual devices, to reduce consumption of commercial power in a multiple dwelling house, and to continuously operate in an effective state. <P>SOLUTION: A fuel cell 5 and a dwelling house hot water storage tank 6 for storing hot water obtained by recovering the waste heat of the fuel cell 5 in the predetermined amount are installed for each of all dwelling houses 101 to 303. Floor hot water storage tanks 71 to 73 are installed on each of floors 1F to 3F, and the respective dwelling house hot water storage tanks 6 are connected through a first stored hot water transferring means 12 capable of mutually receiving and delivering hot water stored in the respective dwelling house hot water storage tanks 6. The dwelling house hot water storage tanks 6 of dwelling house groups 11 to 31 and the floor hot water storage tanks 71 to 73 are connected through a second hot water transferring means 13 capable of mutually receiving and delivering the hot water stored in the dwelling house hot water storage tanks 6 and the floor hot water storage tanks 71 to 73. The respective floor hot water storage tanks 71 to 73 are respectively connected through a third hot water transferring means 14 capable of mutually receiving and delivering the hot water stored in the floor hot water storage tanks 71 to 73. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、複数の住戸からなる集合住宅等に導入され、燃料電池による発電の際の熱を他のエネルギー源とする集合住宅用コージェネレーションシステムに関する。   The present invention relates to a cogeneration system for an apartment house that is introduced into an apartment house composed of a plurality of dwelling units and uses heat generated by a fuel cell as another energy source.

従来から、燃料電池による発電の際の熱を他のエネルギー源とするコージェネレーションシステムとして、特許文献１〜３等の種々のものが案出されている。
先ず、特許文献１には、複数階層を有する集合住宅の２以上の各フロア毎に燃料電池発電装置を有する個別システムを設置し、各フロアの個別システムを互いに補完するように運転制御する制御装置を設置してなるコージェネレーションシステムが記載されている。各フロアの個別システムは、熱及び電力を発生させる熱電併給装置と、この熱電併給装置からの出力電力を蓄電し対応するフロアにある各住宅内の電力負荷に給電する給電手段と、熱電併給装置から発生する熱を回収し給水との熱交換により温水に変換して貯湯する貯湯タンクと、この貯湯タンクから各住宅に給湯する給湯回路と、貯湯タンクの貯湯状況を検出する貯湯状況検出手段と、給電手段から給電状況を検出する給電状況検出手段とを備え、各フロアの熱電併給装置を各住宅内の電力負荷状態、給湯状態に合わせて運転制御し、システムの稼働効率を高めるように構成されている。 Conventionally, various systems such as Patent Documents 1 to 3 have been devised as cogeneration systems that use heat generated during power generation by a fuel cell as another energy source.
First, in Patent Document 1, an individual system having a fuel cell power generator is installed on each of two or more floors of an apartment house having a plurality of floors, and a control device that controls the operation so that the individual systems on each floor complement each other. A cogeneration system is described. An individual system on each floor includes a heat and power cogeneration device that generates heat and electric power, power supply means for storing output power from the heat and power cogeneration device and supplying power to the electric load in each house on the corresponding floor, and the cogeneration device A hot water storage tank that collects the heat generated from the hot water and converts it into hot water by heat exchange with the hot water, stores the hot water to each house from the hot water storage tank, and hot water storage status detection means for detecting the hot water storage status of the hot water storage tank The power supply status detection means for detecting the power supply status from the power supply means, and the operation control of the combined heat and power supply device of each floor according to the power load state and the hot water supply state in each house is configured to increase the operating efficiency of the system Has been.

次に、特許文献２には、複数の住戸で構成される集合住宅の一つのフロアに対して１台の燃料電池と１台の貯湯タンクが設置されてなる燃料電池コージェネレーションシステムが記載されている。燃料電池は、独立運転可能な１ｋＷの発電モジュール５台で構成され、必要電力に応じて発電効率、排熱回収効率などが最大となる様に運転制御されている。   Next, Patent Document 2 describes a fuel cell cogeneration system in which one fuel cell and one hot water storage tank are installed on one floor of an apartment house composed of a plurality of dwelling units. Yes. The fuel cell is composed of five 1 kW power generation modules that can be operated independently, and the operation is controlled so as to maximize the power generation efficiency, the exhaust heat recovery efficiency, and the like according to the required power.

また、特許文献３には、複数の住戸で構成される集合住宅に導入され、燃料電池、貯湯タンク、インバータを各住戸に設置してなる燃料電池コージェネレーションシステムが記載されている。このシステムは、各住戸に対して、電力線網をそれぞれ分配し、そしてインバータによって電力負荷に燃料電池と電力線網とを連係させ、さらに電力線網と電力系統とを連係させる連係装置を設置して構成されている。よって、燃料電池の余剰電力が電力線網に送電される一方で、電力不足分が電力線網から供給され、住宅群の一住宅において、当該住宅に設置された燃料電池の発電電力が不足した場合には、当該住宅以外の住宅に設置された燃料電池の余剰電力で賄うことが可能となる。   Patent Document 3 describes a fuel cell cogeneration system that is introduced into an apartment house composed of a plurality of dwelling units and in which a fuel cell, a hot water storage tank, and an inverter are installed in each dwelling unit. This system is configured by distributing a power line network to each dwelling unit, linking a fuel cell and a power line network to a power load by an inverter, and further installing a linking device that links the power line network and the power system. Has been. Therefore, when the surplus power of the fuel cell is transmitted to the power line network, the shortage of power is supplied from the power line network, and the power generated by the fuel cell installed in the house is insufficient in one house of the housing group. Can be covered with surplus power of a fuel cell installed in a house other than the house.

特開２００４−１５６８２０号公報JP 2004-156820 A 特開２００４−３２７１６０号公報JP 2004-327160 A 特開２００４−３２７１４４号公報JP 2004-327144 A

しかしながら、特許文献１のものは、各フロア毎に設けられた１台の燃料電池発電装置によって１フロアの全住戸の電力を賄う構成上、燃料電池発電装置が大型となり、電力需要の少ない時に効率が悪化する問題点があった。またフロア毎に１台であるので、その燃料電池発電装置が故障すると１フロア全体の燃料電池発電機能が停止してしまう問題点があった。また、特許文献２、３のものは、熱需要の少ないときには、貯湯タンクにお湯が最大貯湯量まで貯えられてしまい、燃料電池の排熱の回収が行えず、発電を停止させることが起こり易い点で問題があった。   However, in Patent Document 1, since the fuel cell power generation device is large in size and has a structure in which the power of all the dwelling units on one floor is covered by one fuel cell power generation device provided for each floor, the efficiency is low. There was a problem that worsened. Moreover, since there is one unit for each floor, there is a problem in that the fuel cell power generation function of the entire floor is stopped when the fuel cell power generation device fails. Further, in Patent Documents 2 and 3, when the demand for heat is low, hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank up to the maximum hot water storage amount, and the exhaust heat of the fuel cell cannot be recovered, and power generation is likely to stop. There was a problem in terms.

そこで、本発明は上記課題を鑑み、個々の装置を小型化でき、集合住宅における商用電力の消費を少なくし、効率の良い状態で稼働し続ける事ができる集合住宅用コージェネレーションシステムの提供を課題とする。   Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present invention provides a collective housing cogeneration system that can reduce the size of individual devices, reduce the consumption of commercial power in the housing complex, and can continue to operate efficiently. And

上記課題を解決するため、請求項１の発明に係る集合住宅用コージェネレーションシステムは、複数の住戸からなる集合住宅内の住戸毎に、燃料電池と、その排熱を回収して得られたお湯を所定量貯える住戸用貯湯槽と、を設置し、各住戸用貯湯槽に貯えられたお湯を相互に受け渡し可能とする第１貯湯移送手段を介して、各住戸用貯湯槽間を連結してなる、ように構成される。   In order to solve the above problems, a cogeneration system for an apartment house according to the invention of claim 1 is a hot water obtained by collecting a fuel cell and its exhaust heat for each unit in an apartment house consisting of a plurality of units. A hot water tank for a dwelling unit that stores a predetermined amount of hot water stored in each hot water tank for each dwelling unit is connected between the hot water tanks for each dwelling unit through a first hot water storage transfer means that enables the hot water stored in each dwelling hot water tank to be delivered to each other. Configured.

請求項２の発明に係る集合住宅用コージェネレーションシステムは、集合住宅内の複数の住戸を複数の住戸群に区分けし、各住戸群で貯えられたお湯を所定量貯える住戸群用貯湯槽を少なくとも１基設置し、住戸用貯湯槽及び住戸群用貯湯槽に貯えられたお湯を相互に受け渡し可能とする第２貯湯移送手段を介して、住戸用貯湯槽と住戸群用貯湯槽との間を連結し、住戸群用貯湯槽が複数設置された場合には、各住戸群用貯湯槽に貯えられたお湯を相互に受け渡し可能とする第３貯湯移送手段を介して、各住戸群用貯湯槽間を連結してなる、ように構成される。   The cogeneration system for an apartment house according to the invention of claim 2 divides a plurality of dwelling units in the apartment house into a plurality of dwelling unit groups, and at least a dwelling unit group hot water tank for storing a predetermined amount of hot water stored in each dwelling unit group 1 unit is installed, and the hot water stored in the hot water tank for the dwelling unit and the hot water tank for the dwelling unit group can be exchanged between the hot water tank for the dwelling unit and the hot water tank for the dwelling unit group through the second hot water transfer means. When connected and multiple hot water tanks for dwelling units are installed, the hot water stored in each hot water tank for each dwelling group can be transferred to and from each other through a third hot water transfer means that allows the hot water stored in each dwelling group to be exchanged. It is configured to be connected to each other.

請求項３の発明に係る集合住宅用コージェネレーションシステムは、住戸群用貯湯槽が、住戸群毎に１基設置されてなる、ように構成される。   The collective housing cogeneration system according to the invention of claim 3 is configured such that one hot water tank for a dwelling unit group is installed for each dwelling unit group.

請求項１〜３の発明によれば、住戸毎に燃料電池と住戸用貯湯槽を設置したので、１戸の消費電力分を供給可能な発電能力を備えるものであればよく、発電に係わる個々の装置をより小型化できる。また、集合住宅内の各住戸に設置された燃料電池の排熱を回収して得られたお湯を、集合住宅内の各住戸で互いに受け渡し可能としたので、集合住宅内の一の住戸用貯湯槽が最大貯湯量までお湯を貯えた状態となる前に、他の住戸用貯湯槽にお湯を移送させることが可能となり、排熱の回収不能に起因する発電の停止を回避可能となる。従って、１基の燃料電池に対してより大きな電力負荷を与え続けることが可能となり、高効率での連続稼働が可能となる。   According to the first to third aspects of the present invention, since the fuel cell and the hot water storage tank for the dwelling unit are installed for each dwelling unit, it is sufficient if it has a power generation capacity capable of supplying the power consumption of one dwelling unit. This device can be made smaller. In addition, the hot water obtained by recovering the exhaust heat from the fuel cells installed in each dwelling unit in the apartment can be transferred to each other in the dwelling unit. The hot water can be transferred to other hot water storage tanks for the dwelling unit before the tank is in a state where hot water is stored up to the maximum hot water storage amount, and it is possible to avoid the stoppage of power generation due to the inability to recover exhaust heat. Accordingly, it is possible to continue to apply a larger power load to one fuel cell, and continuous operation with high efficiency is possible.

本発明に係る集合住宅用コージェネレーションシステムの一実施形態について図面に基づき説明する。
図１は、本集合住宅用コージェネレーションシステム（以下、単に「システム」とする）の一実施形態を示すブロック構成図である。このシステム１ａが導入される集合住宅は、３階建ての各フロア１Ｆ，２Ｆ，３Ｆに３戸の住戸を設けて、計９戸の住戸１０１〜１０３，２０１〜２０３，３０１〜３０３から構成されるものである。また集合住宅内の９戸は、各フロアの３戸を１つの住戸群として、３つのフロア１Ｆ〜３Ｆが３つの住戸群１１，２１，３１にそれぞれ対応するように区分けされている。 An embodiment of a cogeneration system for an apartment house according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a cogeneration system for collective housing (hereinafter simply referred to as “system”). The apartment house to which this system 1a is introduced is composed of three dwelling units 101-103, 201-203, 301-303, with three dwelling units on each of the three floors 1F, 2F, 3F. Is. In addition, the nine units in the apartment are divided into three floors 1F to 3F corresponding to the three dwelling unit groups 11, 21 and 31, respectively, with three units on each floor as one dwelling unit group.

全住戸１０１〜３０３には、戸毎に最大１ｋＷの電力を発電出力可能な燃料電池５と、燃料電池５の排熱を回収して得られたお湯を所定量貯えるように構成された住戸用貯湯槽６と、からなる燃料電池発電装置が設置されている。燃料電池５で発電された電力は、各フロアに設けられたフロアインバータ８でＡＣ２００Ｖのシステム電力に変換される。このシステム電力は、集合住宅に引き込まれた商用電力とを連係させる商用連係変換器９に送られる。商用連係変換器９では、商用電力またはシステム電力のいずれか一方が単相三線のＡＣ１００／２００Ｖに変換され、各住戸に送電されるように構成されている。   For all dwelling units 101 to 303, a dwelling unit configured to store a predetermined amount of hot water obtained by recovering the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 5 and the fuel cell 5 capable of generating and outputting a maximum of 1 kW of power per door. A fuel cell power generator comprising a hot water tank 6 is installed. The power generated by the fuel cell 5 is converted into AC200V system power by the floor inverter 8 provided on each floor. This system power is sent to a commercial linkage converter 9 that links commercial power drawn into the apartment house. The commercial link converter 9 is configured such that either commercial power or system power is converted into single-phase three-wire AC100 / 200V and transmitted to each dwelling unit.

各フロア１Ｆ〜３Ｆにおいて、フロア毎の各住戸用貯湯槽６は、３つの住戸用貯湯槽６にそれぞれ貯えられたお湯を相互に受け渡し可能とする第１貯湯移送手段１２を介して連結されている。例えば第１貯湯移送手段１２は、住戸用貯湯槽６に設けられた開閉弁と、それらの開閉弁同士を接続するパイプと、パイプ内のお湯を所定方向へ送り出す送出ポンプとからなり、住戸用貯湯槽６間でお湯の受け渡しが自由に出来る様に構成されている。   In each floor 1F-3F, each hot water storage tank 6 for every floor is connected via the 1st hot water transfer means 12 which enables the hot water stored in each of the three hot water storage tanks 6 to be transferred to each other. Yes. For example, the first hot water transfer means 12 includes an on-off valve provided in the hot water storage tank 6 for a dwelling unit, a pipe connecting the on-off valves, and a delivery pump for sending hot water in the pipe in a predetermined direction. It is configured so that hot water can be freely transferred between the hot water tanks 6.

また各フロア１Ｆ〜３Ｆには、住戸群用貯湯槽としてフロア貯湯槽７１〜７３がフロア毎に１基ずつ設置されている。フロア貯湯槽７１については、住戸用貯湯槽６、６・・及びフロア貯湯槽７１に貯えられたお湯を相互に受け渡し可能とする第２貯湯移送手段１３を介して、住戸群１１の住戸用貯湯槽６、６・・とフロア貯湯槽７１との間が連結されている。同様に、フロア貯湯槽７２については住戸群２１の住戸用貯湯槽６、６・・との間が、そして、フロア貯湯槽７３については住戸群３１の住戸用貯湯槽６、６・・との間が第２貯湯移送手段１３を介してそれぞれ連結されている。   Further, on each floor 1F to 3F, floor hot water tanks 71 to 73 are installed for each floor as hot water tanks for dwelling units. Regarding the floor hot water tank 71, the hot water stored in the hot water stored in the hot water tanks 6, 6... And the hot water stored in the floor hot water tank 71 can be transferred to and from the second hot water transfer means 13. The tanks 6 are connected to the floor hot water storage tank 71. Similarly, between the floor hot water tank 72 and the hot water tanks 6, 6... For the dwelling unit 21, and with respect to the floor hot water tank 73, the hot water tanks 6, 6. The spaces are connected to each other via the second hot water storage transfer means 13.

さらに、フロア貯湯槽７１〜７３については、フロア貯湯槽７１〜７３に貯えられたお湯を相互に受け渡し可能とする第３貯湯移送手段１４を介して、各フロア貯湯槽７１〜７３間がそれぞれ連結されている。ここで、第２及び第３貯湯移送手段１３，１４は、第１貯湯移送手段１２と同様に、開閉弁、パイプ及び送出ポンプからなるように構成されている。   Further, regarding the floor hot water tanks 71 to 73, the floor hot water tanks 71 to 73 are connected to each other via the third hot water transfer means 14 that enables the hot water stored in the floor hot water tanks 71 to 73 to be transferred to each other. Has been. Here, the 2nd and 3rd hot water transfer means 13 and 14 are comprised so that it may consist of an on-off valve, a pipe, and a delivery pump similarly to the 1st hot water transfer means 12.

集合住宅に対する商用電力網の引き込みは、商用連係変換器９における一点としている。基本的には、各住戸１０１〜３０３で必要とされる電力は、各住戸の燃料電池５で発電した電力で賄っている。ただし、全住戸１０１〜３０３の燃料電池５、５・・による総発電電力量で賄いきれない場合には、商用連係変換器９の連係動作によって、不足電力分が商用電力網から供給される。   The drawing of the commercial power network to the apartment house is one point in the commercial linkage converter 9. Basically, the electric power required for each of the units 101 to 303 is covered by the electric power generated by the fuel cell 5 of each unit. However, when the total amount of power generated by the fuel cells 5, 5... Of all the dwelling units 101 to 303 cannot be covered, the shortage is supplied from the commercial power network by the linkage operation of the commercial linkage converter 9.

本システム１ａでは、各住戸１０１〜３０３の燃料電池５及び住戸用貯湯槽６、フロア貯湯槽７１〜７３、第１〜３貯湯移送手段１２〜１４、及び商用連係変換器９を、より効率の良い状態で協働するように動作制御するシステム制御装置１６が設けられている。   In this system 1a, the fuel cell 5 of each dwelling unit 101-303, the hot water storage tank 6 for dwelling units, the floor hot water storage tanks 71-73, the 1st-3rd hot water storage transfer means 12-14, and the commercial linkage converter 9 are made more efficient. A system control device 16 is provided for controlling the operation so as to cooperate in good condition.

システム制御装置１６による貯湯移送制御を説明する。
例えば、住戸１０１において、燃料電池５の発電状態が続いた場合、住戸用貯湯槽６には排熱回収を利用して生成されたお湯が刻々と貯えられていく。さらに発電を継続させることで住戸１０１の住戸用貯湯槽６が満杯になった場合、第１貯湯移送手段１２によって残量の少ない住戸１０２、１０３の住戸用貯湯槽６へ、または、住戸１０３の住戸用貯湯槽６を通過させ第２貯湯移送手段１３によってフロア貯湯槽７１へお湯を移送する。さらにフロア貯湯槽７１が満杯になった場合には、第３貯湯移送手段１４によって、残量の少ないフロア貯湯槽７２，７３へお湯を移送する。そして、他の住戸２０１〜３０３の残量の少ない住戸用貯湯槽６へお湯を移送し、最終的には住戸用貯湯槽６及びフロア貯湯槽７１〜７３の全てが満杯になるまでお湯を移送する。 Hot water transfer control by the system controller 16 will be described.
For example, in the dwelling unit 101, when the power generation state of the fuel cell 5 continues, the hot water generated using the exhaust heat recovery is stored in the hot water tank 6 for dwelling unit. Furthermore, when the hot water tank 6 for the dwelling unit 101 of the dwelling unit 101 becomes full by continuing the power generation, the first hot water transfer means 12 moves to the hot water tank 6 for the dwelling unit 102 or 103 having a small remaining amount, or Hot water is transferred to the floor hot water tank 71 by the second hot water transfer means 13 through the hot water tank 6 for dwelling units. Further, when the floor hot water tank 71 becomes full, the third hot water transfer means 14 transfers hot water to the floor hot water tanks 72 and 73 with a small remaining amount. And hot water is transferred to the hot water tank 6 for dwelling units with little remaining amount of the other dwelling units 201 to 303, and finally hot water is transferred until all of the hot water tank 6 for dwelling units and the floor hot water tanks 71 to 73 are full. To do.

逆に、住戸１０１において、お湯の使用によって住戸用貯湯槽６内のお湯が不足してきた場合には、第１貯湯移送手段１２によって残量の多い住戸１０２、１０３の住戸用貯湯槽６や、第１〜第３貯湯移送手段１２〜１４の組み合わせによって他住戸２０１〜３０３の住戸用貯湯槽６、フロア貯湯槽７１〜７３からお湯の移送を受ける。
このように、システム制御装置１６は、必要に応じてお湯の移送を行い、各住戸の燃料電池５が高効率で稼働出来る様に集合住宅全体の設備の制御を行う。 On the contrary, in the dwelling unit 101, when the hot water in the dwelling hot water tank 6 becomes insufficient due to the use of hot water, the dwelling hot water tank 6 of the dwelling units 102 and 103 having a large remaining amount by the first hot water transfer means 12, Hot water is transferred from the dwelling unit hot water tank 6 and the floor hot water tanks 71 to 73 of the other dwelling units 201 to 303 by the combination of the first to third hot water storage transfer units 12 to 14.
In this way, the system control device 16 transfers hot water as necessary, and controls the facilities of the entire apartment so that the fuel cells 5 of each dwelling unit can operate with high efficiency.

上記構成の本システム１ａによれば、住戸毎に燃料電池５と住戸用貯湯槽６を設置したので、１戸の消費電力分を供給可能な発電能力を備えるものであればよく、発電に係わる個々の装置をより小型化できる。
また、集合住宅内の各住戸に設置された燃料電池５の排熱を回収して得られたお湯を、集合住宅内の各住戸間で互いに受け渡し可能としたので、各住戸の住戸用貯湯槽６のお湯の使用量、残量を監視しながら、お湯を適切な貯湯場所に移送して貯湯する事で、燃料電池５の発電効率を上げて発電量を増やし、商用電源からの買電を最小限とすることができる。さらに、集合住宅内の一の住戸用貯湯槽６が最大貯湯量までお湯を貯えた状態となる前に、他の住戸用貯湯槽６にお湯を移送させることが可能となり、貯湯量の超過によって排熱の回収が不能となることに起因する発電の停止を回避可能となる。従って、１基の燃料電池５に対してより大きな電力負荷を与え続けることが可能となり、高効率での連続稼働が可能となる。
また、電力需要の少ない時は、各住戸に設置された燃料電池５を最大効率で運転できる様に、燃料電池５の台数を限定して運転し集合住宅全体における発電効率を高く維持できる。 According to the system 1a having the above-described configuration, since the fuel cell 5 and the hot water tank 6 for the dwelling unit are installed for each dwelling unit, any unit having a power generation capability capable of supplying the power consumption of one dwelling unit may be used. Individual devices can be made smaller.
Moreover, the hot water obtained by recovering the exhaust heat of the fuel cell 5 installed in each dwelling unit in the housing complex can be exchanged between the dwelling units in the housing complex. While monitoring the amount of hot water used and the remaining amount of hot water, the hot water is transferred to an appropriate hot water storage location to store hot water, increasing the power generation efficiency of the fuel cell 5 and increasing the amount of power generation. Can be minimal. Furthermore, before one hot water tank 6 for a dwelling unit in a housing complex stores hot water up to the maximum amount of hot water, it becomes possible to transfer hot water to another hot water tank 6 for dwelling units. It becomes possible to avoid the stoppage of power generation due to the inability to collect exhaust heat. Accordingly, it is possible to continue to apply a larger power load to one fuel cell 5, and it is possible to continuously operate with high efficiency.
Further, when the power demand is low, the number of fuel cells 5 can be limited and operated to maintain high power generation efficiency in the entire apartment house so that the fuel cells 5 installed in each dwelling unit can be operated with maximum efficiency.

次に、図２は、本発明に係る集合住宅用コージェネレーションシステムの他の実施形態を示すブロック構成図である。このシステム１ｂが導入される集合住宅は、図１と同様であり、共通する構成には同一符号を付している。このシステム１ｂは、１基のフロア貯湯槽７３をフロア３Ｆにのみ設けて構成されている。また、このシステム１ｂは、住戸用貯湯槽６及びフロア貯湯槽７３に貯えられたお湯を相互に受け渡し可能とする第２貯湯移送手段１３を介して、住戸用貯湯槽６と住戸群用貯湯槽７３との間を連結して構成されている。このシステム１ｂによっても、システム１ａと同様の作用効果を得ることができる。   Next, FIG. 2 is a block configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the cogeneration system for an apartment house according to the present invention. The housing complex in which this system 1b is introduced is the same as that in FIG. 1, and the same reference numerals are given to the common components. This system 1b is configured by providing one floor hot water tank 73 only on the floor 3F. Moreover, this system 1b is a hot water tank 6 for dwelling units and the hot water tank for dwelling units through the 2nd hot water storage transfer means 13 which can mutually transfer the hot water stored in the hot water tank 6 for dwelling units and the floor hot water tank 73. 73 is connected. This system 1b can provide the same effects as the system 1a.

次に、図３は、本発明に係る集合住宅用コージェネレーションシステムの他の実施形態を示すブロック構成図である。このシステム１ｃが導入される集合住宅は、図１と同様であり、共通する構成には同一符号を付している。このシステム１ｃでは、住戸群１１０，２１０，３１０は、各フロアにおける住戸の位置を基準に上下方向に区分けされている。このシステム１ｃによっても、システム１ａと同様の作用効果を得ることができる。   Next, FIG. 3 is a block configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the cogeneration system for an apartment house according to the present invention. The housing complex in which this system 1c is introduced is the same as that in FIG. 1, and the same reference numerals are given to the common components. In this system 1c, the dwelling unit groups 110, 210, and 310 are divided in the vertical direction based on the position of the dwelling unit on each floor. Also by this system 1c, the effect similar to the system 1a can be acquired.

尚、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、以下列挙するように、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で各部の形状並びに構成を適宜に変更して実施することも可能である。
（１）本システムは、３階建て各フロアに３住戸からなる集合住宅に限らず、他の階数建てや、フロア毎の住戸数を変更して構成された集合住宅に導入可能である。
（２）本システムは、左右方向に区分けした住戸群１１，２１，３１や、上下方向に区分けした住戸群１１０，２１０，３１０に限らず、前後方向に区分けした住戸群で構成しても良い。また住戸群に含まれる住戸数は、同数に限るものではない。
（３）本システムは、住戸群用貯湯槽を取り除き、住戸群同士の住戸用貯湯槽間を第１貯湯移送手段を介して連結して構成することも可能である。 In addition, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment, As it enumerates below, it is also possible to implement by changing suitably the shape and structure of each part in the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention.
(1) This system can be introduced not only in a multi-storied building consisting of three dwelling units on each floor, but also in a multi-story building constructed by changing the number of dwelling units or changing the number of dwelling units per floor.
(2) This system is not limited to the dwelling units 11, 21, 31 divided in the left-right direction and the dwelling units 110, 210, 310 divided in the up-down direction, but may be constituted by dwelling units grouped in the front-rear direction. . Moreover, the number of dwelling units included in the dwelling unit group is not limited to the same number.
(3) The present system can be configured by removing the hot water storage tanks for the dwelling units and connecting the hot water storage tanks for the dwelling units through the first hot water transfer means.

本発明の一実施形態を示すブロック構成図である。It is a block block diagram which shows one Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態を示すブロック構成図である。It is a block block diagram which shows other embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施形態を示すブロック構成図である。It is a block block diagram which shows other embodiment of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ａ，１ｂ，１ｃ・・集合住宅用コージェネレーションシステム、５・・燃料電池、６・・住戸用貯湯槽、１１，２１，３１，１１０，２１０，３１０・・住戸群、１２・・第１貯湯移送手段、１３・・第２貯湯移送手段、１４・・第３貯湯移送手段、７１〜７３・・住戸群用貯湯槽、１０１〜１０３，２０１〜２０３，３０１〜３０３・・住戸。   1a, 1b, 1c ··· Cogeneration system for collective housing, ··· Fuel cell, 6 · · Hot water tank for dwelling units, 11, 21, 31, 110, 210, 310 ·· · Dwelling units, 12 · · 1st hot water storage Transfer means, 13 ·· second hot water storage transfer means, 14 ·· third hot water transfer means, 71 to 73 ·· hot water tanks for dwelling units, 101 to 103, 201 to 203, 301 to 303 ·· dwelling units.

Claims (3)

複数の住戸からなる集合住宅内の住戸毎に、燃料電池と、その排熱を回収して得られたお湯を所定量貯える住戸用貯湯槽と、を設置し、
各住戸用貯湯槽に貯えられたお湯を相互に受け渡し可能とする第１貯湯移送手段を介して、各住戸用貯湯槽間を連結してなる、
ことを特徴とする集合住宅用コージェネレーションシステム。 Install a fuel cell and a hot water tank for dwelling units that store a predetermined amount of hot water obtained by collecting the exhaust heat for each dwelling unit in a multi-unit housing complex,
The hot water stored in each hot water tank for each dwelling unit is connected between the hot water tanks for each dwelling unit through a first hot water transfer means that enables the hot water stored in each hot water tank to be transferred to and from each other.
Cogeneration system for collective housing characterized by this. 集合住宅内の複数の住戸を複数の住戸群に区分けし、
各住戸群で貯えられたお湯を所定量貯える住戸群用貯湯槽を少なくとも１基設置し、
住戸用貯湯槽及び住戸群用貯湯槽に貯えられたお湯を相互に受け渡し可能とする第２貯湯移送手段を介して、住戸用貯湯槽と住戸群用貯湯槽との間を連結し、
住戸群用貯湯槽が複数設置された場合には、
各住戸群用貯湯槽に貯えられたお湯を相互に受け渡し可能とする第３貯湯移送手段を介して、各住戸群用貯湯槽間を連結してなる、
請求項１に記載の集合住宅用コージェネレーションシステム。 Dividing multiple dwelling units in the apartment into multiple dwelling units,
Install at least one hot water storage tank for a dwelling unit that stores a predetermined amount of hot water stored in each dwelling unit,
Connecting the hot water stored in the hot water stored in the hot water tank for the dwelling unit and the hot water tank for the dwelling unit between the hot water tank for the dwelling unit and the hot water tank for the dwelling unit through the second hot water transfer means that enables the mutual transfer of hot water
When multiple hot water tanks for dwelling units are installed,
The hot water stored in each dwelling unit hot water tank is connected between the hot water tanks for each dwelling group via a third hot water transfer means that allows the hot water stored in each hot water tank to be transferred to each other.
The cogeneration system for apartment houses according to claim 1. 住戸群用貯湯槽が、住戸群毎に１基設置されてなる、
請求項２に記載の集合住宅用コージェネレーションシステム。 One hot water tank for dwelling units is installed per dwelling unit,
The cogeneration system for apartment houses according to claim 2.
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JP2013057435A (en) * 2011-09-07 2013-03-28 Osaka Gas Co Ltd Heat supply system
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JP7406437B2 (en) 2020-03-31 2023-12-27 大和ハウス工業株式会社 Heat exchange system

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