JP2007097641A - Electrode structure for iontophoresis used to administer drug enclosed in liposome and iontophoresis device making use of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrode structure for iontophoresis which enables iontophoresis administration of drugs even those administered without ionization or those insoluble or hardly soluble in water and confers disirable functions in drug delivery to such drugs or drugs administered after ionization. <P>SOLUTION: The electrode structure for iontophoresis holds a drug enclosed in ionic liposomes. The electrode structure at least comprises an electrode connected to a power source having the same polarity as the ionic liposomes held within the electrode structure, an electrolyte holding section arranged adjacent to the electrode for impregnating and holding an electrolyte, an ion exchange membrane arranged adjacent to the electrolyte holding section for selecting ions having a polarity opposite to the ionic liposomes, a drug solution holding section arranged adjacent to the ion exchange membrane for impregnating and holding the ionic liposomes, and an ion exchange membrane for selecting ions having the same polarity as the ionic liposomes. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for transdermally administering various ionic drugs by iontophoresis (transdermal drug delivery), and in particular, a drug encapsulated in ionic liposomes as an ionic drug in a living body. The present invention relates to an electrode structure for iontophoresis and an iontophoresis device to be administered.

  An ionic drug placed on the surface of the skin or mucous membrane (hereinafter simply referred to as “skin”) of a predetermined part of the living body is given an electromotive force to drive the ionic drug to the skin, and the drug is passed through the skin. The method of introducing (penetrating) into the body is called iontophoresis (iontophoresis, iontophoresis, iontophoresis) (see Patent Document 1, etc.).

  For example, positively charged ions are driven (transported) into the skin on the anode side of the electrical system of the iontophoresis device. On the other hand, ions having a negative charge are driven (transported) into the skin on the cathode side of the electrical system of the iontophoresis device.

  Many proposals have been made for the iontophoresis device as described above. (For example, refer to Patent Documents 1 to 7).

  However, it is difficult to apply the iontophoresis method when administering a drug without ionization, when administering a water-insoluble or lipid-soluble drug, or when administering a drug and gene having a large molecular weight. There is a problem that the drugs that can be administered by the iontophoresis method are limited. On the other hand, it is also required to provide a function such as delivering a drug administered by an iontophoresis method to a specific part of a living body.

Therefore, it is an important issue to make it possible to apply the iontophoresis method even for drugs that are administered without ionization or drugs that are insoluble or sparingly soluble in water, or to provide functions in drug delivery. .
JP 63-35266 JP-A-4-297277 JP 2000-229128 A JP 2000-229129 A JP 2000-237327 A JP 2000-237328 A International Publication WO03 / 037425A1 Special table 2004-518707 JP-A-5-293360 JP 2004-262946 A JP 2005-162678 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and enables administration by iontophoresis even for drugs that are administered without ionization or drugs that are insoluble or poorly soluble in water. Alternatively, an object of the present invention is to provide an iontophoresis electrode structure and an iontophoresis device using the same that can provide functions in drug delivery for such drugs and drugs that are ionized. To do.

  In order to solve the above problems, the electrode structure for iontophoresis according to the present invention is characterized by holding a drug encapsulated in ionic liposomes.

  In a preferred embodiment of the electrode structure for iontophoresis of the present invention, the electrode structure is at least connected to a power supply device having the same polarity as the ionic liposome in the electrode structure, and the electrode An electrolyte solution holding unit that impregnates and holds an electrolyte solution disposed adjacent to the electrolyte solution, an ion exchange membrane that selects ions having a polarity opposite to that of the ionic liposome disposed adjacent to the electrolyte solution holding unit, and the ion A chemical solution holding section for impregnating and holding ionic liposomes arranged adjacent to the exchange membrane, and an ion exchange membrane for selecting ions having the same polarity as the ionic liposome arranged adjacent to the chemical solution holding section Shall be.

  In another preferred embodiment of the electrode structure for iontophoresis of the present invention, the drug solution holding part has pores that can hold and pass the ionic liposome.

  In another preferred embodiment of the electrode structure for iontophoresis of the present invention, an ion exchange membrane that selects ions having the same polarity as the ionic liposome has pores through which the ionic liposome can pass. And the ion exchange membrane which selects the ion of the polarity opposite to the said ionic liposome shall not have the pore which the said ionic liposome can pass.

  Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the iontophoresis electrode structure of the present invention, the ionic liposome is a cationic liposome.

  Furthermore, in another preferred embodiment of the electrode structure for iontophoresis of the present invention, the ionic liposome is an anionic liposome.

  Furthermore, in another preferred embodiment of the iontophoresis electrode structure of the present invention, the drug encapsulated in the ionic liposome is a drug selected from cancer therapeutic agents, nucleic acids such as genes, and peptides.

  The iontophoresis device according to the present invention includes a power supply device and two or more electrode structures including at least one electrode structure connected to the power supply device and holding a drug encapsulated in the ionic liposome. A drug administration means comprising: a current control means for controlling a current flowing to the electrode structure; and releasing ionic liposomes from the electrode structure in response to a current flowing from the current control means. It is characterized by being transdermally administered to a living body.

  In a preferred embodiment of the iontophoresis device of the present invention, the drug administration means is configured integrally.

  As described above, in the electrode structure for iontophoresis according to the present invention, since the drug encapsulated in the ionic liposome is retained, even a drug that is not ionized or a drug that is insoluble or hardly soluble in water is ionized. Administration by a tophoresis method is possible, and a function in drug delivery can be imparted.

  As described above, the iontophoresis electrode structure according to the present invention is characterized by holding a drug encapsulated in ionic liposomes.

  Liposomes are vesicles composed of bilayers formed when polar lipids such as phospholipids and glycolipids are redispersed in water, and have a diameter of 30 nm to 10,000 nm. This double layer is generally composed of the polar group and nonpolar group of the first layer of polar lipid, and the nonpolar group and polar group of the second layer of polar lipid from the outside of the liposome. Since the liposome has a hollow form, various substances can be encapsulated therein. In general, liposomes include small unilamellar liposomes, large unilamellar liposomes, and multilamellar liposomes in which bilayers overlap like onions.

The ionic liposome has a positively or negatively charged functional group on the surface of the liposome membrane, and administration can be performed by iontophoresis by this charge. For example, some cationic liposomes have a functional group such as —NH ₃ ⁺ , which can enhance the interaction with negatively charged cells. On the other hand, some anionic liposomes have a functional group such as a carboxyl group, and can suppress interaction with cells having negative charge.

  Examples of the material forming the liposome include phospholipids, cholesterols, nitrogen lipids (for example, glycolipids) and the like. Examples of phospholipids include natural phospholipids (for example, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidic acid, cardiolipin, sphingomyelin, egg yolk lecithin, soybean lecithin, and lysolecithin). These are hydrogenated; synthetic phospholipids (eg, dicetyl phosphate, distearoyl phosphatidylcholine, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylethanolamine, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylserine, eleostearoyl phosphatidylcholine, eleostaroylphosphatidylethanolamine, and Leostearoyl phosphatidylserine, etc. And the like. These phospholipid-containing lipids can be used alone or in combination of two or more. When forming liposomes, additives for forming liposomes (eg, cholesterols, stearylamine, α-tocopherol, etc.) may be used in combination with the main phospholipid. It is possible to change the biodegradability of liposomes by using the materials that form the liposomes, the surface of the liposomes, ionization, etc., and to provide sustained release or to regulate the delivery to specific sites in the body. it can.

  Moreover, the surface of a liposome can also be ionized by mixing the lipid which has a plus or minus functional group with the substance which forms a liposome. Specific examples of such a substance include didodecylammonium bromide (DDAB) if it is a cation, and cardiolipin if it is an anion.

  An ionic liposome encapsulating a drug can be formed, for example, by the following method. Reverse phase evaporation method (Szoka, F., et al: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Vol. 601 559 (1980)), ether injection method (Deamer, DW: Ann. NY Acad. Sci., Vol. 308 250 (1978)); surfactant method (Brunner, J., et al: Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Vol. 455 322 (1976)).

  Specifically, the liposome production method can be performed, for example, as follows. The liposome-forming substance is dissolved in an organic solvent (for example, tetrahydrofuran, chloroform, ethanol, etc.) together with cholesterol, etc., and then the dissolved substance is put into a suitable container, and the solvent is volatilized under reduced pressure. To form. A buffer solution is added to the obtained membrane and stirred. If desired, the above-mentioned membrane fusion promoting substance is further added, and then the liposome is isolated. The obtained liposomes may be suspended in a suitable solvent, or lyophilized and redispersed in a suitable solvent as necessary. The membrane fusion promoting substance may be added after the liposome is isolated and before use.

  Specific examples of the drug encapsulated in the ionic liposome applied for iontophoresis include the following. Among these, the ionic drug in the narrow sense that can be ionized by the drug itself can be administered without being encapsulated in the ionic liposome but directly held in the electrode structure.

  Examples of drugs encapsulated in ionic liposomes include various cancer therapeutic agents, therapeutic genes, peptides, and the like. Such a drug can be delivered only to a specific part of a living body by encapsulating in an ionic liposome, and can be given sustained release, and further, the drug itself is not ionized. Alternatively, even drugs that are insoluble or sparingly soluble in water have the advantage that they can be administered by iontophoresis. In addition, when this method is applied to a drug having a large molecular weight, one molecule is surrounded by a plurality of liposome-forming molecules, so that a valence larger than the original ionic valence can be given as a whole. Thereby, mobility can be raised and transportation number can be improved.

  Examples of strictly ionic drugs that can be ionized that can be encapsulated in ionic liposomes include local anesthetics (procaine hydrochloride, lidocaine hydrochloride, etc.), therapeutic drugs for gastrointestinal diseases (carnitine chloride, etc.), and skeletal muscle relaxants. (Bancronium bromide, etc.), antibiotics (tetracycline preparations, kanamycin preparations, gentamicin preparations) and the like.

  In addition, the ionic drugs in a narrow sense that can be negatively ionized that may be encapsulated in ionic liposomes include vitamins (riboflavin phosphate, nicotinic acid, ascorbic acid, folic acid, etc.), corticosteroids (hydrocortisone water-soluble preparations, Dexamethasone such as sodium prednisolone phosphate and dexamethasone sodium phosphate, prednisolone water-soluble preparations), antibacterial agents (quinolone preparations) and the like.

  Examples of vaccines encapsulated in ionic liposomes include BCG vaccine, hepatitis A vaccine, melanoma vaccine, measles vaccine, polio vaccine, influenza vaccine and the like.

  Examples of adjuvants encapsulated in ionic liposomes include MPL (Monophosphoryl lipid A), DMPC (dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine), QS-21, DDA (Dimethyldioctadecyl ammonium chloride), RC-529, and the like.

  Furthermore, preferable combinations of vaccine and adjuvant include, for example, positively ionized vaccine and RC-529, negatively ionized vaccine and DDA, BCG vaccine and MPL, hepatitis A vaccine and DMPC, melanoma vaccine and QS- 21 etc. are mentioned.

  In addition to the combination of the vaccine and the adjuvant, preferable drug combinations include, for example, a combination of an antihypertensive and a hypotensive diuretic such as lisinopril and hydrochlorothiazide, methyldopa and hydrochlorothiazide, clonidine hydrochloride and chlorthalidone, and benazepril and hydrochlorothiazide hydrochloride. Insulin and metformin hydrochloride are included as a combination of antidiabetics, and other combinations include ozagrel hydrochloride and ozagrel sodium, codeine hydrochloride and promethazine hydrochloride, and the like.

  In addition, the ionic drugs (ionic liposomes and ionic drugs in a narrow sense) held in the iontophoresis electrode structure in the present invention may be appropriately combined in plural types depending on the type of disease, the condition of the patient, and the like. . Although this can hold | maintain a different ionic drug for every electrode structure, you may combine multiple types in a single electrode structure.

  The amount of the ionic drug is determined for each ionic drug so that an effective blood concentration preset when applied to the patient can be obtained for an effective time. It is set by those skilled in the art according to the area of the drug release surface, the voltage in the electrode device, the administration time, and the like.

  As the electrode used for the electrode structure, for example, an inert electrode made of a conductive material such as carbon or platinum can be preferably used.

  The electrolyte solution holding part used for the electrode structure can be constituted by a thin film body having a characteristic of impregnating and holding the electrolyte solution. In addition, this thin film body can use the same kind as the material used for the chemical | medical solution holding | maintenance part for impregnating and hold | maintaining the ionic drug mentioned later. As the electrolytic solution, a desired one can be used as appropriate depending on the conditions of the applied drug and the like, but those that damage the skin of the living body due to electrode reactions should be avoided. As an electrolytic solution suitable for the present invention, an organic acid or salt thereof present in a metabolic circuit of a living body is preferable from the viewpoint of harmlessness. For example, lactic acid, fumaric acid, and the like are preferable. Specifically, an aqueous solution of 1M lactic acid and 1M sodium fumarate in a 1: 1 ratio is preferable. Such an electrolytic solution is preferable because it has a high solubility in water and conducts current well, and when a current is passed at a constant current, the electrical resistance is low and the pH change in the power supply device is relatively small.

  The chemical solution holding unit is configured by a thin film body that is impregnated and held with an ionic drug. Such a thin film body has sufficient ability to impregnate and hold an ionic drug, and has the ability to transfer the ionic drug impregnated and held under a predetermined electric field condition to the skin side (ion transferability, ionic conductivity). It is important that the ability of (sex) is sufficient. Materials that have both good impregnation retention properties and good ion transport properties include acrylic resin hydrogel bodies (acrylic hydrogel membranes), segmented polyurethane gel membranes, or ionic conductivity for forming gel-like solid electrolytes. (For example, an acrylonitrile disclosed in JP-A No. 11-273452, wherein acrylonitrile is 50 mol% or more, preferably 70 to 98 mol% or more, and the porosity is 20 to 80%. And a porous polymer based on a nitrile copolymer). Further, when impregnating the chemical solution holding portion as described above, the impregnation ratio (100 × (WD) / D [%] where D is the weight during drying and W is the weight after impregnation) is preferably Is 30-40%.

  And it is preferable that a chemical | medical solution holding | maintenance part is what has a pore which hold | maintains and allows an ionic liposome to pass through. In this case, the ionic liposome can be easily held by immersing the chemical solution holding part in the liquid containing the ionic liposome, or by sucking the liquid containing the ionic liposome through the chemical solution holding part. it can.

  As the ion exchange membrane used in the electrode structure, it is preferable to use a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane in combination. Preferred examples of the cation exchange membrane include Neocepta (NEOSEPTA, CM-1, CM-2, CMX, CMS, CMB, CLE04-2) manufactured by Tokuyama Corporation. Moreover, as an anion exchange membrane, Preferably, Tokuyama Co., Ltd. Neocepta (NEOSEPTA, AM-1, AM-3, AMX, AHA, ACH, ACS, ALE04-2, AIP-21) etc. are mentioned. Other preferred examples include a cation exchange membrane in which a part or all of the voids of the porous film are filled with an ion exchange resin having a cation exchange function, or an ion exchange resin having an anion exchange function. Examples include filled anion exchange resins.

  The ion exchange membrane preferably has pores that can pass through ionic liposomes. In particular, an ion exchange membrane that selects ions having the same polarity as the ionic liposome has pores through which the ionic liposome can pass, and an ion exchange membrane that selects ions having the opposite polarity to the ionic liposome is ionic. When the liposome does not have pores that can pass through, it is preferable because the ionic liposome can be effectively supplied to the skin.

  Here, as the ion exchange resin, a fluorine-based resin in which an ion-exchange group is introduced into a perfluorocarbon skeleton or a hydrocarbon-based resin having a non-fluorinated resin as a skeleton can be used. Hydrocarbon ion exchange resins are preferably used because of their simplicity. The filling rate of the ion exchange resin into the porous film varies depending on the porosity of the porous film, but can be, for example, 5 to 95% by mass, preferably 10 to 90% by mass, and more preferably. Is 20-60 mass%.

  In addition, the ion exchange group of the ion exchange resin is not particularly limited as long as it is a functional group that generates a group having a negative or positive charge in an aqueous solution. Such functional groups may be present in free acid or salt form. Examples of the cation exchange group include a sulfonic acid group, a carboxylic acid group, and a phosphonic acid group, and a sulfonic acid group is preferable. Moreover, as a counter cation of a cation exchange group, alkali cations, such as sodium ion and potassium ion, ammonium ion, etc. are mentioned, for example. Examples of the anion exchange group include a primary to tertiary amino group, a quaternary amino group, a pyridyl group, an imidazole group, a quaternary pyridium group, and a quaternary imidazolium group, and preferably a quaternary ammonium group. Or it is a quaternary pyridium group. Examples of the counter cation of the anion exchange group include halogen ions such as chlorine ions and hydroxy ions.

  In addition, as the porous film, a film having a large number of pores communicating with the front and back, or a sheet-like one is used without particular limitation. In order to achieve both high strength and flexibility, a thermoplastic resin is used. It is preferable that it consists of. Examples of the thermoplastic resin constituting the porous film include ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, and 5-methyl-1- Polyolefin resins such as α-olefin homopolymer or copolymer such as heptene; polyvinyl chloride, vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer, vinyl chloride-vinylidene chloride copolymer, vinyl chloride-olefin copolymer, etc. Vinyl chloride resin: polytetrafluoroethylene, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, tetrafluoroethylene-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer, tetrafluoroethylene-ethylene copolymer Fluorine resin such as nylon 66 Polyamide resin, and the like, but considering the mechanical strength, flexibility, chemical stability, chemical resistance, etc., it is preferably a polyolefin resin, more preferably polyethylene or polypropylene, Polyethylene is preferable.

  Furthermore, the average pore diameter of the porous film made of the thermoplastic resin is preferably 0.005 to 5.0 μm, more preferably 0.01 to 2.0 μm, and further preferably 0.02 to 0.00. 2 μm. In addition, the said average aperture means the average flow hole diameter measured based on the valve point method (JISK3832-1990).

  Moreover, the porosity of a porous film becomes like this. Preferably it is 20 to 95%, More preferably, it is 30 to 90%, More preferably, it is 30 to 60%. Further, the thickness of the porous film is preferably 5 to 140 μm, more preferably 10 to 130 μm, still more preferably 15 to 55 μm, considering the thickness of the ion exchange membrane finally formed. . The thickness of the anion exchange membrane or cation exchange membrane formed by such a porous film is usually the thickness of the porous film + 0 to 20 μm.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on preferred specific examples illustrated in the drawings.
The embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the state of use of the electrode structure 1 for iontophoresis according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention disposed on the skin 2. This electrode structure 1 is used as a working electrode structure for transdermally administering an ionic drug in an iontophoresis device. The electrode structure 1 for iontophoresis impregnates and holds an electrode 11 connected via a wire 31 to a power source having the same kind of polarity as the charge of an ionic drug, and an electrolyte solution disposed adjacent to the electrode 11. Electrolyte holding part 12, ion exchange membrane 13 for selecting ions having a polarity opposite to the ionic drug arranged adjacent to electrolyte holding part 12, and ions arranged adjacent to ion exchange membrane 13 A chemical solution holding part 14 for impregnating and holding a chemical drug, and an ion exchange membrane 15 arranged adjacent to the chemical liquid holding part 14 for selecting ions having the same polarity as the ionic drug, are entirely covered or covered by a container 16 Is housed by.

  FIG. 2 shows an iontophoresis electrode structure (working electrode structure) 1, a power supply device 3, and a non-working side as a counter electrode of the iontophoresis electrode structure 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a state where an iontophoresis device X including an electrode structure 4 is arranged on a skin 2. FIG.

  The electrode structure 1 for iontophoresis is connected to the same polarity side as the ionic drug of the power supply device 3 via the electric wire 31. The non-working side electrode structure 4 includes an electrode 41 connected via the electric wire 32, an electrolyte solution holding part 42 that impregnates and holds an electrolyte solution disposed adjacent to the electrode 41, and an electrolyte solution holding part 42. An ion exchange membrane 43 that selects ions having the same polarity as the ionic drug disposed adjacent to the electrolyte, an electrolyte solution holding unit 44 that impregnates and retains an electrolyte solution disposed adjacent to the ion exchange membrane 43, and an electrolyte solution An ion exchange membrane 45 for selecting ions having a polarity opposite to that of the ionic drug disposed adjacent to the holding portion 44 is provided, and the entirety is accommodated in a cover or container 46. In addition, the said non-working side electrode structure 4 is illustrated as one preferable aspect, and is not limited to the said aspect. For example, the ion exchange membrane 43 that selects ions having the same polarity as the electrolyte solution holding unit 42 and the ionic drug may be omitted.

In the iontophoresis device X, when the electrode structure holding the ionic drug is energized by the power supply 3, the ionic drug moves to the opposite side of the electrode by electrophoresis by an electric field (electric field), and the ion It is transdermally administered to the living body through the exchange membrane 15. At this time, since the ion exchange membrane 13 arranged on the electrode side selects ions having the opposite polarity to the ionic drug, the ion exchange membrane 13 prevents movement of the ionic drug to the electrode side, while the ions arranged on the skin. Since the exchange membrane 15 selects ions having the same polarity as the ionic drug, the ionic drug can be efficiently released and administered to the skin 2 with high transport efficiency. Furthermore, the electrode structure in the present invention has the above-described configuration, thereby preventing skin damage based on an electrochemical reaction and enabling safe administration of an ionic drug. Moreover, as preferable energization conditions in the iontophoresis device, for example, the following conditions are adopted. Constant current conditions, specifically 0.1~0.5mA / cm ^2, preferably 0.1~0.3mA / ^cm 2. The above-mentioned constant current is realized and safe voltage conditions, specifically 50V or less, preferably 30V or less.

  In the present invention, both the working electrode structure and the non-working electrode structure can be configured to include a plurality of electrode structures. In that case, a plurality of types of ionic drugs may be held on the working electrode structure, but at least one of the ionic drugs is an ionic liposome in which the drug is encapsulated. Further, when a plurality of ionic drugs having different polarities are administered, a working electrode structure and a non-working electrode structure are provided on the anode side, and a working electrode structure and a non-working electrode structure are also provided on the cathode side. A body can also be provided.

  Further, a plurality of electrode structures may be configured as a drug administration means and assembled in one package for convenience of handling. The material used for the package in this case is not particularly limited as long as it does not affect the administration of the ionic drug, and examples thereof include polyolefin for medical devices. Furthermore, a current control means may be provided to reliably administer a predetermined amount of drug at a predetermined time. For example, the drug administration means, current control means and power supply device may be a button battery, and the current control means may be By configuring as an integrated circuit and reducing the size, the drug administration means, the current control means, and the power supply device may be configured integrally.

  In the present invention, the total number of electrode structures and the combination of the working electrode structure and the non-working electrode structure can be implemented even if these quantities are appropriately changed. A person skilled in the art can easily conceive the configuration for that purpose from the above specific example.

  Details of each constituent material as described above are described in Patent Document 7 related to the present applicant, and the present invention includes the contents described in this document.

The figure which shows the outline | summary of the electrode structure for iontophoresis by this invention. The figure which shows the outline | summary of the iontophoresis apparatus provided with the electrode structure for iontophoresis by this invention.

Explanation of symbols

X Iontophoresis device 1 Iontophoresis electrode structure (working electrode structure)
2 Skin 3 Power supply device 4 Non-working side electrode structure 11, 41 Electrode 12, 42, 44 Electrolyte holding part 13, 15, 43 45 Ion exchange membrane 14 Chemical holding part 16, 46 Container 31, 32 Electric wire

Claims (9)

  An electrode structure for iontophoresis, which retains a drug encapsulated in an ionic liposome.   The electrode structure is at least an electrode connected to a power supply device of the same polarity as the ionic liposome in the electrode structure, and an electrolyte solution holding unit that impregnates and holds the electrolyte solution disposed adjacent to the electrode An ion-exchange membrane that selects ions having a polarity opposite to that of the ionic liposome disposed adjacent to the electrolytic solution holding unit, and a chemical solution that impregnates and retains the ionic liposome disposed adjacent to the ion-exchange membrane The electrode structure according to claim 1, comprising a holding part and an ion exchange membrane arranged adjacent to the drug solution holding part for selecting ions having the same polarity as the ionic liposome.   The electrode structure according to claim 2, wherein the drug solution holding part has pores that hold and allow the ionic liposome to pass therethrough.   The ion exchange membrane that selects ions having the same polarity as the ionic liposome has pores through which the ionic liposome can pass, and the ion exchange membrane that selects ions having a polarity opposite to that of the ionic liposome, The electrode structure according to claim 2, which does not have pores through which ionic liposomes can pass.   The electrode structure according to claim 1, wherein the ionic liposome is a cationic liposome.   The electrode structure according to claim 1, wherein the ionic liposome is an anionic liposome.   The electrode structure according to claim 1, wherein the drug encapsulated in the ionic liposome is a drug selected from cancer therapeutic agents, nucleic acids such as genes, and peptides. A power supply device, a drug administration means including two or more electrode structures connected to the power supply device and including one or more electrode structures according to claim 1, and a current flowing to the electrode structure is controlled. Current control means for
An iontophoresis device that releases ionic liposomes from the electrode structure and administers them transcutaneously to a living body in accordance with a current flowing from the current control means.   The iontophoresis device according to claim 8, wherein the drug administration unit is integrally configured.

Images