JP2007093286A - Method for analyzing spot welding fracture - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for analyzing fractures in spot-welded parts capable of highly accurately analyzing fractures in spot-welded parts of three sheets or more which are spot-welded at common spots. <P>SOLUTION: The method for analyzing fractures in spot-welded parts of three sheets or more which are superposed one on another and spot-welded at common spots, includes an analytical step for executing analyses under prescribed input load conditions using a finite element model in which a shell element of each sheet is provided with first sheet thickness information; a step for creating second sheet thickness information on the basis of the first sheet thickness information for every group of two adjacent sheets among the three sheets or more; and a step for predicting the possibility of fractures in spot-welded parts between each group of two sheets for every group through the use of the second sheet thickness information on each group and analysis results acquired in the analytical step. In the sheet thickness information, the sheet thickness of a center sheet among the three sheet or more is increased according to the sheet thickness of sheets of other groups adjacent to the center sheet to the first sheet thickness information. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fracture analysis method for spot welded portions of three or more plates that are spot welded at a common spot.

Conventionally, a spot welded structure is formed by combining two plates, a shell model for finite element method analysis is created for the spot welded structure, and a finite element method using the created shell model for finite element method analysis Performs linear elastic analysis to calculate the shared load of the nugget at the center of the spot weld, the deflection on the circumference of the diameter D drawn around the nugget and the inclination in the radial direction, the calculated shared load, the circumference Based on the above deflection and radial inclination, the nominal structural stress in the nugget portion is obtained using elastic disk bending theory, and the fatigue life of the spot welded structure is predicted from the nominal structural stress. A method for predicting the fatigue life of a spot welded structure is known (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2003-149130 A

  By the way, the spot welded portion of three or more plates that are spot-welded at a common spot is, for example, each plate is modeled by a shell element, and between the shell elements corresponding to the spot spot position of each plate, a beam Modeling is possible by connecting each via an element. Such a finite element model is a model in which two plates are substantially spot-welded separately. That is, for example, in the case of three sheets, a model in which the central plate and the plates on both sides thereof are spot-welded separately is obtained.

  Therefore, in the case of using such a finite element model, it is possible to use a conventional fracture determination method in which consistency is established for spot welding of two plates as a set of two plates. it can.

  However, when such a fracture analysis method is used as it is, the element force of the beam element of the other set is not considered in the fracture analysis of one set, so that the central plates belonging to the two sets (that is, There is a problem that the possibility of breakage of the spot welded portion in the two plates (the center plate that forms a pair with the inner and outer plates) cannot be analyzed and predicted appropriately.

  Thus, the present invention provides a spot welded portion fracture analysis method capable of performing fracture analysis with high accuracy with respect to spot welded portions of three or more plates spot welded at a common spot, and to execute the same. An object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable program and a spot welding fracture analysis device.

In order to achieve the above object, the first invention is a fracture analysis method for spot welded portions of three or more sheets that are spot welded at a common spot,
Each plate is modeled by a shell element to which first plate thickness information about each plate is given, and between the shell elements corresponding to the spot hitting positions of each plate of the three or more plates, a beam element is interposed. An analysis step for performing an analysis under a predetermined input load condition using a finite element model connected to each other;
Based on the first plate thickness information, a combination of two plates adjacent to each other among the three or more plates is set as one set, and a second different from the first plate thickness information. Generating thickness information; and
Predicting, for each set, the possibility of spot welding fracture between two plates in each set using the second plate thickness information relating to each set and the analysis result obtained in the analysis step. Including
The second plate thickness information is a central plate of the three or more plates (in the case of four or more plates, at least of the two central plates) with respect to the first plate thickness information. On the other hand, the plate thickness of the same is hereinafter increased in accordance with the plate thickness of another set of plates (which may be plural, the same applies hereinafter) adjacent to the central plate.

According to a second invention, in the spot weld fracture analysis method according to the first invention, in the prediction step, the element force of the beam element, the distortion of the shell element connected to the beam element, and the plate related to the shell element A given breaking function that outputs an index value representing the possibility of breaking on the plate side of the shell element is used, with at least the plate thickness information as a parameter,
The breaking function is input with the element force of the beam element based on the analysis result, the strain of the shell element connected to the beam element, and the second plate thickness information related to the shell element. The prediction of the possibility of breakage is performed based on the output values of the breakage functions related to two plates in each set.

  A third invention is the spot weld fracture analysis method according to the first or second invention, wherein the second plate thickness information is only plate thickness information of a plate located in the center of the three or more plates. It is characterized by being increased.

A fifth invention is a fracture analysis device for spot welded portions of three or more plates that are spot welded at a common spot,
Each plate is modeled by a shell element to which first plate thickness information about each plate is given, and between the shell elements corresponding to the spot hitting positions of each plate of the three or more plates, a beam element is interposed. Means for obtaining the results of dynamic structural analysis based on the connected finite element models,
The combination of two plates adjacent to each other among the three or more plates is regarded as one set, and for each set, the possibility of spot welding breakage between the two plates in each set is indicated by the first thickness information. Predicting means using the second plate thickness information different from the above and the analysis result,
The second plate thickness information is generated for each set based on the first plate thickness information, and a plate of a central plate among the three or more plates is formed with respect to the first plate thickness information. The thickness is increased in accordance with the thickness of another set of plates adjacent to the central plate.

  According to the present invention, a method for analyzing the fracture of a spot welded portion capable of performing a fracture analysis with high accuracy on a spot welded portion of three or more plates that are spot-welded at a common spot, and for executing the method A computer-readable program and a spot welding fracture analysis device can be obtained.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  The spot welding fracture analysis apparatus according to the present invention is realized by a computer (including a supercomputer) in which software for realizing the function (spot welding fracture analysis method) described in detail below is incorporated. This software may be developed as completely new software, but can be created based on existing analysis software (for example, LS-DYNA, PAM-CRASH (both are registered trademarks), etc.). Or it may be developed as another software which provides an additional function in cooperation with existing analysis software such as LS-DYNA or PAM-CRASH.

  A computer terminal used directly by a user has, for example, a mouse and a keyboard as a user interface, and a display for displaying an analysis model, an analysis result, and the like. The computer terminal may be connected to a super computer that executes a calculation with a large load, a CAD terminal that supplies CAD data that is a basis of an analysis model, and the like by an in-house LAN, for example. In addition, model creation software (for example, IDEAS, Hyper-Mesh (both are registered trademarks), etc.) may be installed in the computer terminal.

  The spot weld fracture analysis method according to the present invention is executed in an analysis stage after a model creation stage as a premise thereof. Note that the model is appropriately corrected according to the analysis result in the analysis stage. First, the model creation stage will be described.

  In the model creation stage, a finite element model (CAE analysis model) of the structure to be analyzed is created using model creation software. The structure to be analyzed is arbitrary, such as a vehicle body structure or a single door. A finite element model is generally created based on CAD data of these structures. Since the present invention relates to fracture analysis of spot welded portions of three or more plates that are spot-welded at a common spot, as will be described in detail below, the modeling method for other portions is appropriate. As long as the appropriate method is selected.

  FIG. 1A shows a part of a structure to be analyzed, a spot welded portion of three or more plates that are spot welded at a common spot. In FIG. 1, three plates 1, 2, and 3 are spot-welded at the spot hitting point position X in a combined manner. In the following, the design plate thicknesses of the plates 1, 2, and 3 are assumed to be t1, t2, and t3 [mm].

  FIG. 1B is a perspective view showing an example of a finite element model of the portion around the spot weld shown in FIG. Each plate 1, 2, 3 is modeled by a shell element (plate element). That is, the surfaces of the plates 1, 2, and 3 are mesh-divided by shell elements. The material characteristic information of the shell element includes, for example, plate thicknesses t1, t2, and t3 of the plates 1, 2, and 3, and elastic coefficients E and G corresponding to the materials of the plates 1, 2, and 3, Poisson's ratio ν, and coefficient C. (Described later) and the like are input. In the following, each shell element corresponding to the spot hitting position X of the plates 1, 2, 3 is also referred to as “shell elements S1, S2, S3”. In the view of FIG. 1B, the shell elements S2 and S3 of the welded portions of the plates 2 and 3 are not seen by the shell elements of the plate 1.

  2A schematically shows a cross section taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B schematically shows a cross section of the finite element model of the spot weld. FIG. 2B schematically shows two nodes among the nodes of the shell elements S1, S2, S3. For example, nodes on both sides of the shell element S1 shown in FIG. 2B should be understood as nodes N1 (N2) and N3 (N4) of the shell element S1 shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the shell elements S1, S2 and S3 corresponding to the spot hitting positions on each of three or more plates are connected via beam elements (beam elements) B1 and B2, respectively. ing. That is, the shell elements S1 and S2 of the plates 1 and 2 are connected via the beam element B1, and the shell elements S2 and S3 of the plates 2 and 3 are connected via the beam element B2. Each node of the beam elements B1 and B2 is joined to the connected shell elements S1, S2, and S3 (this joining is indicated by a dotted circle in FIG. 2B). As shown in FIG. 3, this joining is performed by, for example, special spring elements SP1 to SP4, and a node of a beam element (B1 or B2) and four nodes of a shell element (S1, S2 or S3) to be connected. It may be modeled by connecting (three nodes when the shell element is a triangular element). In FIG. 3, the gap L between the shell elements S1, S2, and S3 is greatly exaggerated and greatly shown for convenience of explanation of the finite element model.

  In addition, the material characteristic information (for example, cross-sectional shape and various elastic moduli) of the beam elements B1 and B2 and the material characteristic information (for example, various elastic moduli) of the spring elements SP1 to SP4 are data such as a strength test for an actual spot weld. Is set appropriately. In particular, the connection between the beam element and the shell element may be modeled in any manner as long as an appropriate constraint relationship can be modeled between the node of the beam element and the node of the shell element.

  FIG. 4 is a sectional view schematically showing another embodiment of the finite element model of the spot weld. In the example of FIG. 3 described above, the beam elements B1 and B2 share the node on the central plate 2 side, whereas in the example shown in FIG. 4, the beam elements B1 and B2 are the central plate 2 side. Does not share the other node. In this case, the two nodes on the plate 2 side of the beam elements B1 and B2 are separately joined to the shell element S2 in a manner as shown in FIG. Thus, the beam elements B1 and B2 may be directly connected as in the example of FIG. 3 or may be in a relationship of being constrained via the shell element S2 as in the example of FIG.

  Next, the analysis stage using the finite element model created as described above will be described. In the analysis stage in this embodiment, the spot welded portion may be broken, that is, the plate may be broken around the weld mark (nugget) under an input load condition in which a large force with impact is applied to the spot welded portion of the plate. Is analyzed / predicted. Such an analysis may be performed on a finite element model in which only the spot welded portion of the plate is locally modeled in order to evaluate the spot welded portion of the plate, but the entire structure to be analyzed is analyzed. Dynamic structural analysis and nonlinear structural transient analysis using a finite element model (typically, collision analysis that simulates the behavior (deformation, impact value, etc.) of the entire vehicle during a collision) It is particularly useful to be used to evaluate whether the spot welds of the included plates have a possibility of breakage. For example, in the case of a vehicle, there are thousands of spot welds. By performing a collision analysis using a finite element model of the entire vehicle, at what stage of the collision process, how much breakage occurs in which spot weld. It can be evaluated whether it is possible.

  FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the main processing flow of the spot weld fracture analysis method according to the present invention.

  In step 100, the finite element model and the input load condition created as described above are input as an analysis model. As described above, the input load condition may be, for example, a model of a vehicle collision.

  In step 110, a handling method in the subsequent analysis (dynamic structure analysis) of the spot welded portion when it is determined to break is set. In the present embodiment, the user selects one of two handling methods: a handling method for dividing a spot welded portion determined to break, and a handling method for preventing the spot welded portion from being divided as it is. Each handling method will be described in detail later.

  In step 120, based on the plate thickness information (hereinafter referred to as “first plate thickness information” or simply “plate thickness information”) of the shell element related to the analysis model input in step 100 above, the three plates Second plate thickness information is generated for each set of combinations of two plates 1, 2 and 3 adjacent to each other. In this example, since there are three plates 1, 2, 3, there are two sets, a set of the center plate 2 and the outer plate 1, and a set of the center plate 2 and the inner plate 3, Second plate thickness information is generated for each set. At this time, the second plate thickness information indicates that the plate thickness t2 of the central plate 2 of the three plates 1, 2, 3 is adjacent to the central plate 2 with respect to the first plate thickness information. It is increased in accordance with the thickness of the other set of plates 1 or 3.

  Specifically, for the first set of the center plate 2 and the outer plate 1, second plate thickness information (t2 ′, t1 ′) for the shell element S2 and the shell element S1 is generated, and the shell element S1 The second plate thickness information t1 ′ is the same as the first plate thickness information t1, but the second plate thickness information t2 ′ of the shell element S2 is the first plate thickness information of the other set of plates 3. t3 is added (ie, t2 ′ = t2 + t3). Accordingly, the second plate thickness information related to the first set is (t2 + t3, t1). Similarly, for the second set of the central plate 2 and the inner plate 3, second thickness information (t2 ′, t3 ′) for the shell element S2 and the shell element S3 is generated, and the second value of the shell element S3 is generated. The plate thickness information t3 ′ is the same as the first plate thickness information t3, but the second plate thickness information t2 ′ of the shell element S2 is the first plate thickness information t1 of the other set of plates 1. Added (ie, t2 ′ = t2 + t1). Therefore, the second plate thickness information relating to the second set is (t2 + t1, t3).

  In step 130, the analysis is executed using the analysis model input in step 100. Hereinafter, the analysis in step 130 is also referred to as “dynamic structure analysis”. When this dynamic structure analysis is executed, a time-series analysis result is output at every predetermined calculation cycle. For example, in a collision analysis using a large finite element model, the calculation is executed with a huge number of calculation cycles. The analysis result can include analysis values of various parameters depending on the analysis purpose. However, the strain ε of the shell element, the strain rate dε / dt, and the element force (force) transmitted to the shell element via the beam element. F, moment M). Note that the strain ε is an equivalent plastic strain. Regarding the element force transmitted to the shell element via the beam element (hereinafter simply referred to as “element force of the beam element”), the force F includes the axial force Fa in the axial direction of the beam element and the shear force Fs. The moment M includes a bending moment applied to the beam element. The element forces (Fa, Fs, M) of these beam elements correspond to the axial force Fa, shearing force Fs, and bending moment M acting on each spot weld between the two plates, as schematically shown in FIG. To do. In FIG. 6, the numbers given after the symbols Fa, Fs, and M correspond to the numbers of the groups (beam elements).

  Here, it should be noted that the second plate thickness information generated in step 120 is not used in the dynamic structural analysis in step 130. That is, the dynamic structural analysis in step 130 is executed based on the first plate thickness information faithful to the plate thickness information of the actual structure (or plate thickness information on the design drawing) (generated in step 120 above). The second plate thickness information is used only for the following fracture analysis).

  In step 140, the possibility of breakage of the spot weld is analyzed / predicted based on the analysis result obtained in step 130 and the comparison result obtained in step 190. Hereinafter, the analysis in step 140 is also referred to as “fracture analysis”.

  In this step 140, in this embodiment, as schematically shown in FIG. 7, the possibility of spot welding fracture between two plates of each set is analyzed / predicted for each set. In this example, as described above, since there are three plates 1, 2, 3, there are two sets of a set of the center plate 2 and the outer plate 1, and a set of the center plate 2 and the inner plate 3. In each group, spot welding fracture analysis between two plates is performed in an independent manner.

  Specifically, the plate thickness information of the beam element (plate thickness t), the element forces F and M of the beam element, the strain ε of the shell element connected to the beam element, the strain rate dε / dt, the material Fracture function F (t, F, M, ε, dε / dt, C) that outputs an index value representing the possibility of breakage of the plate related to the shell element, with coefficient C depending on characteristics as an input parameter (variable). ) Is used. The fracture function F is input with known plate thickness information of the shell element (plate thickness t) and analysis values (F, M, ε, dε / dt) obtained based on the analysis results of the dynamic structural analysis. The possibility of breakage is analyzed / predicted based on the comparison result between the output value of the breakage function F at that time and a given reference value Fcr (breakage determination value Fcr). In each set, the spot weld break between two plates can occur separately on each plate side, so the break function F is applied separately to each plate in each set (ie, each A total of two break function F output values are obtained on each plate side in the set).

  The possibility of fracture based on the output value of the fracture function F is analyzed / predicted. In principle, if the output value of the fracture function F exceeds the fracture judgment value Fcr, the fracture of spot welding between the pair of plates May be determined to occur. For example, regarding the first set of the center plate 2 and the outer plate 1, if the output value of any of the break functions F exceeds the break determination value Fcr, the center plate 2 and the outer plate 1 It may be determined that the spot welding breaks in between. In this case, the possibility of breakage will be evaluated at either zero% or 100%. However, for example, the ratio of the output value of the break function F to the break determination value Fcr can be defined as a load factor, and the possibility of breakage can be evaluated linearly.

  Here, the fracture function F (coefficient C and fracture judgment value Fcr) is adapted to the fracture test result of the spot welded portion of the two plates by regression or the like (note that the fracture function F of An example will be described later.) This is because, even for spot welded portions of three or more plates, the fracture evaluation method established for the spot welded portion of two plates can be used by performing the fracture analysis for each set as described above. (In this case, it is not necessary to newly accumulate test data for spot welded portions of three or more plates and adapt the fracture function F and the fracture judgment value Fcr).

  However, when the break function F adapted to the break test result of the two plates is applied to the break analysis for the spot welded portion of three or more plates as it is, the break analysis relating to the center plate 2 is appropriately performed. I can't. This is because the fracture function F is applied as if the central plate 2 is a single plate, but in reality, the fracture phenomenon of the central plate 2 is affected by the plates on both sides. It is.

  Therefore, in this embodiment, as schematically shown in FIG. 8, when the fracture function F is applied to the fracture analysis for the spot welded portion of three or more plates, the thickness information of the central plate 2 is obtained as described above. Using the second plate thickness information corrected to be larger than the actual plate thickness, the possibility of spot welding fracture between the two plates of the set is evaluated. In FIG. 8, the numbers given after the symbols t, ε, ε dots (= dε / dt), and C correspond to the plate numbers.

  As described above, in this embodiment, when evaluating the possibility of breakage of spot welding between two plates in a certain set, among the plates in the set, the plates connected to other sets of plates via beam elements. (In this example, plate 2), because the plate thickness of the other set of plates is added (because it is considered as a plate integrated with the other set of plates), Fracture analysis considering the influence (plate thickness) of the plate is possible. Thereby, also in the fracture analysis of the spot welded portion of three or more plates, high analysis accuracy can be maintained while utilizing the fracture evaluation method established for the spot welded portion of the two plates.

  More specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, when the element forces (forces F1, F2, moments M1, M2) of the two beam elements B1, B2 act on the central plate 2, the element forces are The possibility of breakage in the central plate 2 should be small compared to the case of acting on the central plate 2 independently of each other. This is because the element force of the beam element acting on the central plate 2 is transmitted to the other set of shell elements via the beam element on the other side. is there. Nevertheless, if the fracture function F is applied as it is to the fracture analysis of the spot welds of three or more plates, the possibility of the spot weld fracture on the central plate 2 side is that of the beam element on one side. Since it is evaluated without considering only elemental power, it is erroneously highly evaluated. Therefore, if the evaluation result on the central plate 2 side is adopted as it is, the accuracy of the fracture analysis is deteriorated.

  On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the plate thickness information of the central plate 2 used in the fracture analysis of one set is increased by the plate thickness of the other set of plates. Fracture analysis that compensates for the actual phenomenon in which element forces are transmitted to other sets of shell elements via other sets of beam elements is possible, and high analysis is possible even in the fracture analysis of spot welds of three or more plates Accuracy can be maintained.

  Returning to FIG. If the possibility of spot weld fracture is analyzed / predicted as described above and it is determined that spot weld fracture between a set of plates will occur, the process proceeds to step 150. For example, the output value obtained by inputting the second plate thickness information t2 ′ of the shell element S2 of the central plate 2 and the strain ε2, the element forces F2, M2 of the beam element B1, etc., into the fracture function F is the fracture judgment value. The output value obtained by inputting the second plate thickness information t1 ′ of the shell element S1 of the outer plate 1 or the strain ε1, the element forces F1, M1 of the beam element B1, etc., into the fracture function F. However, if the fracture determination value Fcr is exceeded, it is determined that spot welding fracture will occur between the central plate 2 and the outer plate 1, and the routine proceeds to step 150.

  In step 150, according to the handling method selected in step 110, the spot weld determined to break is divided or maintained without being divided.

  Specifically, when a handling method for dividing the spot welded portion is selected, the spot welded portion is divided and the analysis model is updated. At this time, the division of the spot welded portions of the three plates is realized, for example, by deleting only a set of beam elements determined to be broken. In this case, the dynamic structural analysis in step 130 is executed from the next calculation cycle using an analysis model in which the beam element does not exist. For example, as a result of the first set of fracture analysis of the center plate 2 and the outer plate 1, if it is determined that a break occurs in spot welding between these two plates, only the beam element B1 is deleted, and thereafter The dynamic structural analysis of step 130 is continued from the analysis model in which only the spot welding between the shell element S2 of the central plate 2 and the shell element S3 of the inner plate 3 is effective. Thereby, not only the possibility of breakage of spot welding can be analyzed, but also the behavior of the structure after the spot welding breakage (effect due to breakage) can be analyzed.

  On the other hand, if a handling method that does not divide the spot weld is selected, the process proceeds to step 160 without deleting the beam element. Such a handling method is useful in, for example, dynamic structural analysis of a structure in which spot welding fracture is not allowed, and is also useful in that it can prevent instability of dynamic structural analysis. For structures that do not allow spot welding breakage, for example, when it is determined that spot welding breaks, measures such as adding a new spot weld around the spot weld are taken, and the measures are again modeled. The dynamic structural analysis and the fracture analysis are executed by the converted analysis model.

  In addition, when the whole vehicle is a structure to be analyzed, there are a plurality of spot welds. In this case, for each spot weld, it is possible to set a handling method after determining the breakage of the spot weld. Good.

  In step 160, the end condition of the dynamic structure analysis executed in step 130 is checked. This end condition is set as appropriate. For example, when the collision analysis is performed as the dynamic structure analysis, it may be at the stage where the collision of the vehicle is ended. Unless the end condition of the dynamic structure analysis is satisfied, the process returns to step 130, the dynamic structure analysis of the next calculation cycle is executed, and the same is repeated thereafter. Note that the fracture analysis in step 140 (similar to the comparison process in step 190) is performed for each calculation period of the dynamic structure analysis using the analysis result of the dynamic structure analysis output in the calculation period. Alternatively, it may be executed by using the analysis result of the dynamic structure analysis output at the period longer than the calculation period of the dynamic structure analysis.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, using the analysis result of the dynamic structural analysis, an extra plate thickness is added to the shell elements belonging to the other group among the two shell elements of each group. Therefore, it is possible to maintain high analysis accuracy even in break analysis of spot welded portions of three or more plates.

  Next, an example of the break function F (break determination method) that may be used in the above-described embodiment will be described.

  The fracture determination method includes the maximum shear stress τ around the spot weld (nugget) caused by the axial force Fa and moment M of the beam element and the maximum tensile stress of the spot weld (nugget) caused by the shear force Fs of the beam element. Based on σ, it is defined by the following judgment formula.

ここで、ｔを板厚情報、ｒをナゲット半径（既知）として、
τ＝Ｆａ／（２π・ｔ・ｒ）＋Ｍ／（α・ｔ・ｒ^２）であり、
σ＝Ｆｓ／（１／２π・ｔ・ｒ）である。係数αは、シェル要素（板）の弾塑性特性（弾性〜全塑性の間の特性）に依存する値であり、破断関数Ｆのパラメータである係数Ｃに含まれる。
また、左辺の分母のσ^Ｆ及びτ^Ｆは、限界応力を表し、共に、歪速度ｄε／ｄｔに依存した関数となる。σ^Ｆ及びτ^Ｆは、一例としてクーパー・シモンズの式を用いて、以下で定義される。

Here, t is the plate thickness information, r is the nugget radius (known),
τ = Fa / (2π · t · r) + M / (α · t · r ² )
σ = Fs / (1 / 2π · t · r). The coefficient α is a value that depends on the elastic-plastic characteristics (characteristics between elasticity and total plasticity) of the shell element (plate), and is included in the coefficient C that is a parameter of the fracture function F.
Further, σ ^F and τ ^{F in} the denominator on the left side represent limit stress, and both are functions depending on the strain rate dε / dt. σ ^F and τ ^F are defined below using the Cooper-Simmons equation as an example.

ここで、σ^Ｆ _{（ｃ＝ｐ＝０）}及びτ^Ｆ _{（ｃ＝ｐ＝０）}は、歪依存性のないときのシェル要素（板）の限界応力を表し、ｃ及びｐは、シェル要素（板）の材料特性により定まる係数であり、破断関数Ｆのパラメータである係数Ｃに含まれる。
この例では、結局、上記の数１の項（−１）を右辺に移項すると、破断関数Ｆとなり、破断判定値Ｆｃｒは１である（他言すると、破断判定値Ｆｃｒを１にして、各係数を適合させる）。

Here, σ ^F _{(c = p = 0)} and τ ^F _{(c = p = 0)} represent the limit stress of the shell element (plate) when there is no strain dependence, and c and p are the shell elements ( The coefficient is determined by the material characteristics of the plate, and is included in the coefficient C which is a parameter of the fracture function F.
In this example, when the term (-1) in the above equation 1 is transferred to the right side, the rupture function F is obtained and the rupture determination value Fcr is 1 (in other words, the rupture determination value Fcr is set to 1, Adapt coefficients).

  In this case, in the case of the first set of the central plate 2 and the outer plate 1, when evaluating the possibility of fracture on the central plate 2 side, the fracture function F includes the element force F1 (Fa1) of the beam element B1. , Fs1), M1, and the strain rate dε / dt of the shell element S2 (the differential value of the strain ε2 obtained by dividing the difference between the previous value and the current value of the strain ε2 by one calculation cycle, and so on), second When the plate thickness information t2 ′ (= t2 + t3) and the coefficient C2 (α2, c2, p2) are input and the possibility of breakage on the outer plate 1 side is evaluated, the break function F includes the beam element B1. Element forces F1 (Fa1, Fs1), M1, and the strain rate dε / dt (differential value of strain ε1) of the shell element S1, the second plate thickness information t1 ′ (= t1), and the coefficient C1 (α1, c1) , P1). In this embodiment, as described above, spot welding between the center plate 2 and the outer plate 1 is performed based on the relationship between the output value of the larger fracture function F and the fracture determination value Fcr. The possibility of breakage will be evaluated.

  Similarly, in the case of the second set of the central plate 2 and the inner plate 3, when evaluating the possibility of fracture on the central plate 2 side, the fracture function F includes the element force F2 (Fa2) of the beam element B2. , Fs2), M2, and the strain rate dε / dt of the shell element S2, the second plate thickness information t2 ′ (= t2 + t1), and the coefficient C2 are input to evaluate the possibility of fracture on the inner plate 3 side. In some cases, the fracture function F includes the element forces F2 (Fa2, Fs2) and M2 of the beam element B2, the strain rate dε / dt (differential value of the strain ε3) of the shell element S3, and the second plate thickness information t3. '(= T3) and coefficient C3 (α3, c3, p3) are input. In this embodiment, as described above, based on the relationship between the output value of the larger fracture function F and the fracture determination value Fcr, spot welding between the center plate 2 and the inner plate 3 is performed. The possibility of breakage will be evaluated.

  The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and substitutions can be made to the above-described embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Can be added.

  For example, in the above-described embodiment, the dynamic structural analysis and the fracture analysis are performed in parallel, but it is also possible to perform the fracture analysis as post-processing using the analysis result of the dynamic structural analysis. .

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the coefficient C relating to a certain plate may change according to the material characteristics of the other plate paired with the plate. For example, in the case of the second set of the center plate 2 and the inner plate 3, when evaluating the possibility of breakage on the center plate 2 side, the break function F includes the above-mentioned various parameters, A coefficient C2 depending on the material characteristics may be input.

  Further, in the above-described embodiment, the second plate thickness information t2 ′ of the central plate 2 related to the first set is added (100%) as it is with the first plate thickness information t3 of the other set of plates 3. In rare cases, the second plate thickness information t2 ′ of the central plate 2 related to the second set is added with the first plate thickness information t1 of the other plate 1 as it is (100%). The invention is not limited to this, and for example, the second plate thickness information t2 ′ of the central plate 2 related to the first set is added by a predetermined ratio (for example, 95%) of the plate thickness information t3 of the other plate 3. The second plate thickness information t2 ′ of the central plate 2 related to the second set may be added with a predetermined ratio (for example, 95%) of the plate thickness information t1 of the plate 1 of the other set.

  The above-described embodiment relates to spot welding of three plates as a representative example, but as shown in FIG. 9, four plates 1, 2, 3, and 4 are hit at the same spot. Also for the spot welded portion, three sets are generated, and for each set, the second plate thickness information in which the plate thickness information of the other set of plates is added (only the plate thickness information of the plate located at the center) Can be evaluated, and similarly, the possibility of breakage of spot welding between two plates can be evaluated. In this case, for example, the second plate thickness information t2 ′ of the central plate 2 relating to the first set is the same as the first plate thickness information t3 of the plate 3 and the first plate thickness information t4 of the plate 4 (100 %) May be added (t2 ′ = t2 + t3 + t4), or may be set to t2 ′ = t2 + w1 · t3 + w2 · t4 using appropriate weighting factors w1 and w2 (w1> w2). Similarly, the third plate thickness information t3 ′ of the central plate 3 related to the third set is the same as the first plate thickness information t2 of the plate 2 and the first plate thickness information t1 of the plate 1 (100%). It may be added (t3 ′ = t3 + t2 + t1) or may be set to t3 ′ = t3 + w1 · t2 + w2 · t1 using appropriate weighting factors w1 and w2 (w2> w1). Further, the third plate thickness information t3 ′ of the central plate 3 related to the second set is obtained by adding the first plate thickness information t4 of the plate 4 by a predetermined ratio w3 (0 <w3 ≦ 1) as described above. (T3 ′ = t3 + w3 · t4), and the second plate thickness information t2 ′ of the central plate 2 related to the second set is also obtained by changing the first plate thickness information t1 of the plate 1 to the predetermined ratio w3. (0 <w3 ≦ 1) may be added (t2 ′ = t2 + w3 · t1).

FIG. 1 (A) is a perspective view showing spot welded portions of three or more plates that are spot welded at a common spot, and FIG. 2 (B) is a perspective view showing an example of the finite element model. It is. 2A schematically shows a cross section taken along the line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 2B schematically shows a cross section of the finite element model of the spot weld. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the finite element model which models joining of a beam element and a shell element. It is sectional drawing which shows roughly the other Example of the finite element model of a spot weld part. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the main processes of the spot welding fracture | rupture analysis method by this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the element force (Fa, Fs, M) of a beam element. It is a figure which shows the finite element model of the spot-welded part which strikes three board | plates at the same spot, and a grouping mode. It is explanatory drawing which shows typically the fracture | rupture determination aspect using the fracture | rupture function F with respect to each board in each set in the spot welding fracture analysis method by this invention. It is a figure which shows the finite element model of the spot welding part which hits four board | plates with the same hit point, and a grouping aspect.

Explanation of symbols

1, 2, 3 3 plates S1, S2, S3 Shell elements of spot welds of 3 plates B1, B2 Beam elements connected between shell elements

Claims (5)

In the fracture analysis method of spot welds of three or more plates that are spot welded at a common spot,
Each plate is modeled by a shell element to which first plate thickness information about each plate is given, and between the shell elements corresponding to the spot hitting positions of each plate of the three or more plates, a beam element is interposed. An analysis step for performing an analysis under a predetermined input load condition using a finite element model connected to each other;
Based on the first plate thickness information, a combination of two plates adjacent to each other among the three or more plates is set as one set, and a second different from the first plate thickness information. Generating thickness information; and
Predicting, for each set, the possibility of spot welding fracture between two plates in each set using the second plate thickness information relating to each set and the analysis result obtained in the analysis step. Including
The second plate thickness information is obtained by comparing the first plate thickness information with a plate thickness of a central plate of the three or more plates being another set of plates adjacent to the central plate. A spot welding fracture analysis method characterized by being increased in accordance with a plate thickness. In the prediction step, the element side force of the beam element, the strain of the shell element connected to the beam element, and the plate thickness information of the plate related to the shell element are used as parameters at least, and the fracture of the plate side related to the shell element is determined. Given a break function that outputs an index value that represents the possibility,
The breaking function is input with the element force of the beam element based on the analysis result, the strain of the shell element connected to the beam element, and the second plate thickness information related to the shell element. The spot weld fracture analysis method according to claim 1, wherein prediction of the possibility of fracture is performed based on output values of the fracture function related to two plates in each group.   3. The spot weld fracture analysis device according to claim 1, wherein only the plate thickness information of a plate located at the center of the three or more plates is increased as the second plate thickness information.   The computer-readable program which makes a computer perform the spot-welding fracture | rupture analysis method in any one of Claims 1-3. In a break analysis device for spot welds of three or more sheets that are spot welded at a common spot,
Each plate is modeled by a shell element to which first plate thickness information about each plate is given, and between the shell elements corresponding to the spot hitting positions of each plate of the three or more plates, a beam element is interposed. Means for obtaining the results of dynamic structural analysis based on the connected finite element models,
The combination of two plates adjacent to each other among the three or more plates is regarded as one set, and for each set, the possibility of spot welding breakage between the two plates in each set is indicated by the first thickness information. Predicting means using the second plate thickness information different from the above and the analysis result,
The second plate thickness information is generated for each set based on the first plate thickness information, and a plate of a central plate among the three or more plates is formed with respect to the first plate thickness information. A spot weld fracture analysis device characterized in that the thickness is increased according to the thickness of another set of plates adjacent to the central plate.

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