JP2007078673A - Soil diagnosis tool, soil diagnosis method, manufacturing method of soil diagnosis tool, usage of soil diagnosis tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a soil diagnosis tool capable of easily and exactly diagnosing resolution of biodegradable resin included in soil to be diagnosed; and also to provide a soil diagnosis method, a manufacturing method and usage of the soil diagnosis tool. <P>SOLUTION: The soil diagnosis tool 100 has a diagnosis member group including diagnosis members 1 and 2 containing different biodegradable resins. Preferably, the diagnosis members are removably held by a holding member 10 made of non-biodegradable material. Preferably, the surfaces of the diagnosis members are covered with permeable protection films having a pore for suppressing permeation of soil grains and allowing permeation of microorganisms in a soil sample. Preferably, this tool further has a culture medium. The culture medium may be arranged on the surface of the diagnosis member or arranged spaced from the surface. One of the diagnosis member and the culture medium moves toward the other, thereby providing a contactable state with the surface of the diagnosis member. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a soil diagnostic instrument, a soil diagnostic method, a method for manufacturing a soil diagnostic instrument, and a method of using the same, which can easily and accurately select a biodegradable resin suitable for a specific soil.

  In agriculture and forestry, resin molded products such as binding tools, fixing aids, and vegetation nets are used for the purpose of preventing poor rooting and lodging of crops and trees, and attracting growth directions.

  Conventionally, these resin molded products have been made of synthetic polymers such as polyolefins and aromatic polyesters. However, since a synthetic polymer is usually not easily decomposed in a natural environment, it is desirable to recover a resin molded product after use, and there is a problem that the recovery operation takes time.

  A resin molded product using a biodegradable resin has attracted attention. Biodegradable resins are decomposed by the action of soil microorganisms such as bacteria and mold. For this reason, the biodegradable resin molded product can be disposed of without being collected by being left in the mountains after use, or being buried in a farmland or being landfilled. Examples of the biodegradable resin include aliphatic polyester resins such as polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, polyethylene succinate, polycaprolactone, and starch-EVOH (ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer) resin, EVOH. Examples thereof include mixed resins such as an aliphatic resin-aliphatic polyester resin and an aliphatic polyester resin-polyolefin resin.

However, even if it is a biodegradable resin, the microbial species capable of degrading it are limited. In addition, the microbial community composition in soil is diverse. Therefore, in order to provide a biodegradable resin molded article suitable for disposal in a specific soil, it is desirable to perform a soil diagnosis that specifies the resolution of the biodegradable resin that the soil has. The soil diagnosis is performed by analyzing the microbial community composition using a molecular biological technique, for example. Specifically, using a DNA microarray (Patent Document 1) or a detector (filter, latex, etc.) on which an antibody specific to a specific microorganism (Patent Document 2) or a DNA probe (Patent Document 3) is immobilized. Done.
JP 2000-253886 A JP-A-9-5328 JP 2000-333668 A

  However, soil diagnosis using the instruments described in Patent Documents 1 to 3 can adjust the total RNA, mRNA or cDNA of microorganisms in the target soil, or prepare a DNA probe or antibody and immobilize it on the tester It requires a complicated process such as In addition, by performing soil diagnosis based on genome information registered in the microbial library organization, the resolution of the biodegradable resin in the target soil may not be detected accurately. For example, there are cases where the diagnosis target soil contains microorganisms that have the resolution but are not registered in the library, or microorganisms that are registered but the resolution is not known.

  The present invention relates to a soil diagnostic instrument, a soil diagnostic method, a method for manufacturing a soil diagnostic instrument, and a method for using the same, which can easily and accurately select a biodegradable resin for constituting a resin molded article suitable for disposal in a specific soil. For the purpose of provision.

  The present invention provides a soil diagnostic instrument having a diagnostic member group including a diagnostic member A including a biodegradable resin A and a diagnostic member B including a biodegradable resin B different from the biodegradable resin A.

  Moreover, this invention is a soil diagnostic method using said soil diagnostic instrument from another side, Comprising: The 1st process which arrange | positions a soil sample on the diagnostic member which comprises the said diagnostic member group, and the said 1st process And a second step of monitoring the degree of decomposition of the diagnostic member later.

  In another aspect, the present invention provides a diagnostic member group including a diagnostic member A including a biodegradable resin A and a diagnostic member B including a biodegradable resin B different from the biodegradable resin A, A method for manufacturing a soil diagnostic instrument comprising a holding member that holds a diagnostic member that constitutes a diagnostic member group, the method comprising the step of causing the holding member to hold the diagnostic member.

  In another aspect, the present invention is a method for using the soil diagnostic instrument described above, in a transport container that transports the soil sample from a collection location for collecting the soil sample to a diagnosis location for diagnosing the soil sample. In addition, a method for using the soil diagnostic instrument is provided in which the soil sample is placed on a diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group by introducing the soil diagnostic instrument together with the soil sample.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a soil diagnostic instrument in which a hollow for housing a soil sample is formed in the holding member, and a diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group is arranged to face the hollow. Provide usage. In this method of use, the soil diagnostic instrument has a hollow for housing a soil sample, and the diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group by housing the soil sample in the hollow at a sampling place where the soil sample is collected The soil diagnostic instrument is used as a transport container for transporting the soil sample from the sampling location to the diagnostic location for diagnosing the soil sample.

  The soil diagnostic instrument of the present invention is configured so that the degree of degradation can be compared by bringing a plurality of types of biodegradable resins into contact with the soil sample to be diagnosed. Moreover, it decided to implement a soil diagnosis using the soil diagnostic instrument comprised in this way. Thereby, the resolution of the biodegradable resin of the soil to be diagnosed can be diagnosed easily and accurately, and the biodegradable resin suitable for disposal in the soil can be easily and accurately selected.

  Moreover, according to this invention, the manufacturing method suitable for preparation of such a soil diagnostic instrument can be provided. Further, from the viewpoint of simplifying and speeding up the soil diagnosis, a preferable method of using such a soil diagnostic instrument can be provided.

  The biodegradable resin is not particularly limited as long as it is a biodegradable resin, but from the viewpoint of improving the moldability of the diagnostic member, a biodegradable thermoplastic resin such as aliphatic polyester, polycaprolactone, poly Chemical synthetic resins such as lactic acid and polyvinyl alcohol, microbial resins typified by polyhydroxybutyrate / valerate copolymers, and natural product-based resins typified by acetylcellulose may be used. Among these, from the viewpoint of enhancing the biodegradability and moldability of the diagnostic member, for example, an aliphatic polyester having a mass average molecular weight in the range of 30,000 to 40,000, polycaprolactone having a mass average molecular weight in the range of 40,000 to 70,000, mass Polylactic acid having an average molecular weight in the range of 80,000 to 120,000, polyvinyl alcohol having a mass average molecular weight in the range of 20,000 to 90,000, a polyhydroxybutyrate / valerate copolymer having a hydroxyvalerate fraction of 0 to 40 mol%, and acetylation Acetyl cellulose having a degree of 43 to 55%, methyl cellulose having a methoxy content of 27.5 to 31.5%, and ethyl cellulose having an ethoxy content of 47.5 to 49.0% may be used.

  The number and type of diagnostic members are not particularly limited as long as there are two or more containing different biodegradable resins as described above, and may be appropriately changed according to the design. The diagnostic member may have two or more diagnostic members A including the biodegradable resin A and two or more diagnostic members B including the biodegradable resin B different from the biodegradable resin A. A diagnostic member C including a biodegradable resin C different from the functional resins A and B may be further included. The size and shape of the diagnostic member may be appropriately changed according to the design, but from the viewpoint of improving the accuracy of soil diagnosis, by forming a recess or a through hole in the diagnostic member, the unit per unit mass of the diagnostic member It is preferred to increase the surface area. This is because degradation by microorganisms (soil microorganisms) in the soil sample can be promoted, and the time required for soil diagnosis can be shortened.

  The diagnostic member group may further include a diagnostic member (control diagnostic member) made of a non-biodegradable resin. Among changes that occur in the diagnostic member due to contact with the soil sample, it is easy to exclude changes that are not caused by the activity of soil microorganisms, such as changes due to friction with soil grains, and the accuracy of soil diagnosis can be improved. Because. Examples of the non-biodegradable resin include polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, polyethylene sulfide, and polyimide.

  The soil diagnosis is performed by placing a soil sample on at least one diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group and then monitoring the degree of decomposition (degree of decomposition) in the at least one diagnostic member. For soil diagnosis, it is preferable to place soil samples on a plurality of diagnostic members and compare the degree of degradation of the diagnostic members. As will be described in detail later, the degree of degradation of the diagnostic member can be determined using as an index the mass reduction, hue change, surface shape change, force required to peel off the bacterial cells, and the like.

  The soil sample may be a sample containing microorganisms present in the soil (ground construction material) constituting the land for agriculture or forestry, and may be the soil itself, soil suspension, The supernatant may be used.

  The surface of at least one diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group is a soil while suppressing permeation of soil particles from the viewpoint of improving the inspection accuracy of the degree of degradation of the diagnostic member due to biological action due to the activity of soil microorganisms. It is good to cover with the breathable protective film in which the micropore was permeated and in which the pore was formed. This is because it is possible to prevent the mass of the diagnostic member from being reduced or the shape of the surface from being changed due to friction with the soil particles contained in the soil sample.

  The diameter of the pores of the air-permeable protective film is in the range of 0.5 μm to 150 μm, preferably in the range of 1 μm to 150 μm. The diameter may be, for example, 106 μm or less, 75 μm or less, less than 20 μm, 15 μm or less, 10 μm or less, and less than 2 μm.

  The breathable protective film can be made of a known filter material such as polycarbonate, cellulose mixed ester, or ceramic. Various nonwoven fabrics may be used as a breathable protective film.

  From the viewpoint of speeding up the soil diagnosis, the culture medium may be arranged in contact with at least one diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group. This is because soil microorganisms can be attracted to the surface of the diagnostic member to promote clustering on the surface, and biological degradation of the diagnostic member can be promoted.

  The medium is not particularly limited as long as it can culture microorganisms. For example, natural medium components represented by peptone, tryptone, yeast extract, malt extract, meat extract, soluble starch, molasses, etc. A known medium such as an LB medium, M9 medium, MY medium, Bennet medium, Sabouraud medium, corn meal medium, zapek medium, or synthetic Mucor culture medium composed of a synthetic medium component that is a mixture can be used. What is necessary is just to adjust pH of a culture medium suitably according to design.

Although a single medium may be disposed in contact with two or more diagnostic members, it is preferable to use a plurality of mediums. For example, a plurality of types of culture media may be disposed in contact with the surfaces of a plurality of single-type diagnostic members prepared. Specifically, diagnostic members A ₁ and A ₂ are prepared as diagnostic members A including biodegradable resin A, and diagnostic members B ₁ and B are provided as diagnostic members B including biodegradable resin B different from biodegradable resin A. B ₂ is prepared, medium α is arranged in contact with the surfaces of diagnostic member A ₁ and diagnostic member B ₁ , and medium β different from medium α is arranged in contact with the surfaces of diagnostic member A ₂ and diagnostic member B _2. . In addition, what has a mutually different composition can be used as multiple types of culture medium. You may use what differs in the composition to such an extent that the name of what is called a culture medium differs. Moreover, you may use what mutually differs in pH. Since the medium suitable for the growth of soil microorganisms varies depending on the microorganism species, placing a single medium in contact with each diagnostic member makes it difficult for the soil microorganisms to grow depending on the type of medium. May decrease. However, if the culture medium is arranged as described above, it is possible to prevent a decrease in the accuracy of soil diagnosis. Moreover, the kind of culture medium which can accelerate | stimulate the biological degradation with respect to specific biodegradable resin can be specified. As a result, a biodegradable resin suitable for disposal in the target soil can be selected, and a medium component (for example, maltose, waste molasses, etc.) that can promote decomposition of the resin when added to the target soil can be provided.

  The medium placed in contact with the surface of the diagnostic member may be a liquid medium, a semi-fluid medium (gel medium), or a solid medium. What is necessary is just to arrange | position a liquid culture medium and a semi-fluid culture medium by dripping, spraying, or apply | coating to the surface of a diagnostic member. The solid medium may be placed by placing it on the diagnostic member after being molded into a predetermined shape, or after applying the solid medium heated to a liquid state on the surface of the diagnostic member, curing it You may arrange by.

  When a recess or a through hole is formed in at least one of the diagnostic members constituting the diagnostic member group, the culture medium may be disposed in contact with the inside of the recess or the through hole. It is because it can suppress that a culture medium peels from the surface of a diagnostic member by friction with the soil grain contained in a soil sample, or a culture medium volatilizes and lose | disappears.

  When the surface of the diagnostic member is covered with a breathable protective film, soil microorganisms may not easily move to the surface. However, by arranging the culture medium in contact with the surface of the diagnostic member that is covered with the air-permeable protective film, it becomes easy to attract soil microorganisms to the surface of the diagnostic member. The culture medium may be in a state of permeating throughout the thickness direction of the air-permeable protective film, or may be in a state of infiltrating a part of the air-permeable protective film in the thickness direction. It is good also as the state which is not osmose | permeating a protective film.

  The soil diagnostic instrument according to the present invention may be a kit-like instrument in which each diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group is separated and in an independent state. For example, a structure in which a plurality of diagnostic members are held by a holding member Moreover, it is preferable to use an instrument having a structure that can handle a plurality of diagnostic members integrally, such as a structure in which a plurality of diagnostic members formed in shapes that can be connected to each other are joined together. This is because the instrument can be easily handled if it further has a holding member that holds the diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group.

  The holding member is made of, for example, a metal material such as iron, stainless steel, aluminum, copper, titanium, or a non-biodegradable material such as a non-biodegradable resin represented by polyethylene terephthalate, natural rubber, or synthetic rubber. It is good to constitute at least a part, preferably the whole. This is because soil microorganisms can easily concentrate on the surface of the diagnostic member, avoiding the surface of the holding member, and can speed up soil diagnosis. The holding member may have a structure that holds the diagnostic member A and the diagnostic member B adjacent to each other so as to sandwich a portion made of a non-biodegradable material. This is because soil microorganisms are concentrated on the surface of the diagnostic member and can be easily clustered, and the biodegradation reaction can be prevented from interfering with adjacent diagnostic members.

  The holding member can be at least partially deformable, and can be configured to hold the diagnostic member such that at least a part of the holding member is disposed between two adjacent diagnostic members. With this structure, the flexibility of the soil diagnostic instrument can be increased, and it becomes easier to store the instrument along the internal shape of the container carrying the soil sample. It is possible to prevent the transport container from being damaged or the instrument itself from being damaged. In order to make at least a part of the deformable state, resin or rubber may be used as the material, or the structure may be a string or a bar with a joint.

  Further, the holding member may have a structure for holding the diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group so that a hollow for accommodating the soil sample is formed and the hollow member is arranged facing the hollow. This is because the soil diagnostic instrument can be used as a transport container for transporting soil samples. Specifically, the hollow can be formed by making the structure of the holding member into a bag shape, a container shape, or the like. A container-shaped holding member can be comprised from the container main-body part in which the recessed part was formed, and the container cover part which forms the said hollow by covering a recessed part, for example. In this case, the diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group may be held in either the container main body or the container lid.

  The holding member may have a structure in which at least a part is plate-shaped and the diagnostic member is held such that the plate-shaped portion is disposed between two adjacent diagnostic members. In some cases, the entire holding member may be plate-shaped. When the whole is plate-shaped, soil diagnosis is carried out by placing a soil sample on the outer surface of the soil diagnostic instrument.

  The diagnostic member may be held on the holding member in a state where it is not easy to attach or detach by using a known adhesive or by melting its end surface by heating and attaching it to the holding member. From the viewpoint of easily monitoring the degree, it is preferable to hold it in a detachable state. For example, the concave portion A or the through hole A and the concave portion B or the through hole B are formed in the holding member, and at least a part of the diagnostic member A, in some cases, the whole can be attached to and detached from the concave portion A or the through hole A. It is preferable to place the diagnostic member on the holding member by arranging and arranging at least a part of the diagnostic member B, in some cases, the entire diagnostic member B in the recess B or the through hole B in a detachable state. In addition, for example, a convex portion is formed on the holding member, a concave portion or a through hole is formed on the diagnostic member, and the convex portion of the holding member and the concave portion or the penetrating portion of the diagnostic member are arranged so that the diagnostic member can be attached to and detached from the holding member. The diagnostic member may be held by the holding member by fitting the hole. Holding in a detachable state is achieved by forming a male screw on one of the holding member and the diagnostic member and forming a female screw on the other to fit each other, or fitting the diagnostic member and the holding member via a gasket. This can be achieved.

  The breathable protective film has one end of the through hole A, in some cases both ends, or the recess A, and one end of the through hole B, in some cases both ends, or the recess B. It is good to cover the surface of the diagnostic member A and the diagnostic member B by arrange | positioning so that it may cover. This is because friction between the diagnostic member and soil particles can be prevented, and it is easy to prevent the diagnostic member from falling off the holding member.

  The holding member covers one end of the through-hole A, in some cases both ends or the recess A, and one end of the through-hole B, in some cases both ends or the recess B, It is preferable to have a lid that can be freely opened and closed. This is because if the lid is closed, the diagnostic member can be prevented from falling off the holding member, and if the lid is opened, the diagnostic member can be easily extracted from the holding member. The lid may be opened and closed by employing a known method. For example, a male screw is formed on one of the main body and the lid portion of the holding member, and a female screw is formed on the other to bite each other, a convex portion is formed on one of the main body and the lid portion of the holding member, and a concave portion is formed on the other It can be realized by forming and fitting each other. The lid portion may be separable from the main body, or may not be easily separated by connecting to the main body. In addition, the lid may be made of a non-biodegradable material from the viewpoint of more reliably preventing the diagnostic member from falling off. A part of the lid may be composed of a breathable protective film. This is because soil microorganisms can be moved to the inside of the recess or the through-hole while closing the recess or the through-hole with the lid.

  A holding member having a main body in which the hollow is formed and a through hole A having one end communicating with the hollow and a through hole B having one end communicating with the hollow are formed as a holding member. When a member is used, at least a part of the diagnostic member A is arranged in a detachable state inside the through hole A, and at least a part of the diagnostic member B is arranged in a detachable state inside the through hole B, The lid portion may be disposed so as to cover the other end portion of the through hole A and the other end portion of the through hole B. This is because the diagnostic member can be extracted from the holding member while the soil sample is accommodated in the hollow. The same effect can also be obtained by closing the through hole A with the diagnostic member A and closing the through hole B with the diagnostic member B without providing the lid. This is because soil microorganisms can be moved into the recess or the through hole while the recess or the through hole is closed. One end of the through hole A and one end of the through hole B are preferably covered with a breathable protective film. This is because soil microorganisms can be moved from the hollow to the inside of the through-hole, and the diagnostic member can be prevented from falling off from the holding member.

  At least a part of the holding member may be made of a transparent material so that the diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group can be visually recognized. For example, the diagnostic member is held on the holding member without being exposed to the outer surface of the instrument as in the case where a diagnostic member is arranged inside the through hole and a breathable protective film is arranged to cover the end of the through hole. In this case, since the degree of decomposition can be confirmed to some extent by visual recognition without removing the diagnostic member from the instrument, it is easy to determine when to perform the main inspection of the degree of decomposition. It is. Examples of the transparent material include known resins having high transparency such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polycarbonate, and polyethylene sulfide. When the holding member has a lid that covers the end of the recess or the through hole, the lid may be made of a transparent material.

When the culture medium is disposed in contact with at least one of the diagnostic members constituting the diagnostic member group while holding the diagnostic member on the holding member, the culture medium is not on the surface of the diagnostic member so as not to protrude from the surface of the holding member. It is good to arrange locally. This is because it becomes easy to attract microorganisms in the soil sample to the surface of the diagnostic member. The medium may be disposed on the surface of the diagnostic member on the surface on which the soil sample is disposed. For example, when the holding member has a structure having the above-described hollow, the culture medium may be disposed in contact with the surface facing the hollow. When the concave portion or the through hole is formed in the at least one diagnostic member, it is preferable to arrange the culture medium so as to contact the inside of the concave portion or the through hole. When the holding member holds the diagnostic member A ₁ and the diagnostic member A ₂ as the diagnostic member A and the diagnostic member B ₁ and the diagnostic member B ₂ as the diagnostic member B, the culture medium α is used as the diagnostic member A ₁ and the diagnostic member B _2. A medium β different from the medium α may be disposed so as to be in contact with the member B ₁ and so as to be in contact with the diagnostic member A ₂ and the diagnostic member B ₂ .

  In a state before the soil sample is arranged on the diagnostic member, the culture medium may be arranged apart from at least one diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group. In this case, the medium may be brought into contact with the surface thereof by moving toward the at least one diagnostic member. The medium may be brought into contact with the surface of the diagnostic member by holding the at least one diagnostic member on the holding member while being movable toward the medium. In either case, the medium is preferably a liquid medium or a semi-fluid medium. Moreover, it is preferable that the culture medium is stored in the culture medium reservoir. The state in which the diagnostic member is movably held is, for example, in the inside of the through hole or recess of the holding member, with the diagnostic member attached to the periphery of the diagnostic member in a state where the frictional force with the gasket is low or without the gasket. It can implement | achieve by arrange | positioning in the state which left the clearance gap between and the inner wall surface of the through-hole or the recessed part.

When the holding member holds the diagnostic member A ₁ and the diagnostic member A ₂ as the diagnostic member A and the diagnostic member B ₁ and the diagnostic member B ₂ as the diagnostic member B, the culture medium α is used as the diagnostic member A ₁ and the diagnostic member B _2. A medium β that is in contact with the member B ₁ and a medium β different from the medium α may be disposed in a state in which the medium B can be in contact with the diagnostic member A ₂ and the diagnostic member B ₂ . When a recess or a through hole is formed in at least one of the diagnostic members constituting the diagnostic member group, the culture medium is preferably in a state where it can contact the inside of the recess or the through hole.

  The movement of the culture medium or the movement of the diagnostic member may be started by a predetermined operation. The predetermined operation can be performed, for example, using an opening forming member that forms an opening in the medium reservoir so that the medium leaks from the medium reservoir and starts moving toward the diagnostic member. When holding the diagnostic member on the holding member in a movable state, the diagnostic member is pushed by breaking (breaking) a part of the wall surface of the medium reservoir so as to start moving toward the inside. May be. The pressing may be performed manually by the user, or may be performed by utilizing the pressure applied to the diagnostic member by contact with the soil grains in the soil sample. From the viewpoint of facilitating the pressing, the diagnostic member may be arranged in a movable state inside the through hole or the recess, and a part thereof may protrude from the surface of the holding member. In this case, the culture medium reservoir may be disposed inside the through-hole or the recess, and the diagnostic member may be disposed on the partial wall surface constituting the culture medium reservoir. The wall surface may be thinner than the other wall surfaces constituting the medium reservoir and in contact with the wall surface so that the wall surface can be easily broken by pressing. From the viewpoint of preventing the diagnostic member from falling off or being damaged, the protruding part of the diagnostic member and the end or recess of the through hole of the holding member are preferably covered with a breathable protective film.

  The opening forming member may be disposed on the holding member, or may be separately provided as an accessory so that the user can insert the opening forming member toward the culture medium reservoir from the outside of the holding member. The shape of the opening forming member may be a needle shape or a wedge shape for breaking through the wall surface of the culture medium reservoir. Alternatively, a string shape or a rod shape connected to the wall surface may be used. The opening forming member may be disposed on the holding member in a state where it can be directly driven by the user's hand, or disposed in an indirectly driven state, for example, in conjunction with an operation of closing the container lid. May be. When the opening forming member is inserted from the outside of the holding member, an insertion path for the opening forming member may be formed in the holding member and a valve body may be disposed in the path. From the viewpoint of preventing the culture medium from leaking out of the soil diagnostic instrument, the valve body is preferably made of a material having excellent elasticity typified by rubber or synthetic resin.

  The soil diagnostic method of the present invention can be carried out using the above soil diagnostic instrument. For example, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 81, the first step (S1) of placing a soil sample on at least one diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group, and the resolution of the at least one diagnostic member after the first step And the second step (S2) of monitoring.

The degree of decomposition of the diagnostic member can be monitored, for example, by using a measurement result obtained by performing any of the following (1) to (3) as an index.
(1) The mass reduction rate, that is, the initial mass or the mass ratio with respect to the reference diagnostic member is measured.
(2) Measure hue change and surface shape change, that is, lightness ratio, transparency ratio, surface roughness (Ra), etc., with respect to the initial state or control diagnostic member. This measurement can be performed using, for example, a known image analysis apparatus.
(3) The degree of adhesion of the bacterial cells, that is, the absolute value of the force required for peeling the bacterial cells from the diagnostic member and the relative value with the force necessary for peeling the bacterial cells from the control diagnostic member are measured. The force required for peeling off the bacterial cells can be determined using, for example, the amount of energy that needs to be supplied to the ultrasonic cleaner to peel off the bacterial cells.

  From the monitoring result in the second step (S2), a biodegradable resin suitable for disposal in the diagnosis target soil can be selected by specifying a diagnostic member that exhibits a high degree of degradation among a plurality of types of diagnostic members. When there are multiple types of biodegradable resins that exhibit the same high degree of degradation, biodegradation that facilitates the production of the resin molded product according to the application of the resin molded product (for example, a binding tool and a fixing aid) It is advisable to select a functional resin.

  In the soil diagnosis method of the present invention, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 82, the step of holding the soil diagnosis instrument in an environment in the range of 5 ° C. to 40 ° C. between the first step and the second step ( S3) may be further performed. Since the optimum activity temperature of soil microorganisms varies depending on the species, the resin degradability exhibited by the soil to be diagnosed may vary greatly depending on the temperature environment. However, by carrying out the step (S3), the decomposition of the diagnostic member by the soil microorganisms can proceed under a temperature range (5 ° C. or more and 40 ° C. or less) reflecting a general environment in farmland or the like. In addition, biodegradable resins suitable for disposal on farmland can be more accurately selected.

  When the soil diagnosis is performed using a soil diagnostic instrument that is in contact with the diagnostic member and the medium is not disposed, as illustrated in the flowchart of FIG. 83, the diagnostic member group is used until the second step is performed. The step (S4) of arranging the culture medium on the surface of may be further performed. This is because soil microorganisms can be actively attracted to the surface of the diagnostic member, and the soil microorganisms can be promoted. The step (S4) is preferably performed before the first step (FIG. 83A), simultaneously with the first step (FIG. 83B), or after the first step (FIG. 83C). What is necessary is just to select the arrangement | positioning method of a culture medium suitably according to the structure of a soil diagnostic instrument. For example, when performing a process (S4) simultaneously with a 1st process, what is necessary is just to arrange | position the soil sample which added the culture medium in advance on a diagnostic member. The type of the medium may be set in the same manner as when the medium is placed in contact with the diagnostic member in advance.

  More specific aspects of the soil diagnostic instrument of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention is not limited to the following examples.

[Soil diagnostic instrument α ₁ ]
As shown in FIG. 1, the soil diagnostic instrument 100 includes a plurality of diagnostic members 1 and 2 each including different biodegradable resins and a diagnostic member (control diagnostic member) 3 made of a non-biodegradable resin. A diagnostic member group composed of flat plate-shaped diagnostic members. Each diagnostic member is held by a plate-like holding member 10 made of a non-biodegradable material typified by aluminum or polyethylene terephthalate so as not to contact each other. In addition to the circular shape shown in FIG. 1, the planar shape of the diagnostic member may be, for example, a triangular shape as shown in FIG. 2, a rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 3, an indefinite shape as shown in FIG. Good.

  As shown in FIG. 5, each of the diagnostic members 1, 2, and 3 is more specifically flush with the main surface 10a so as not to protrude from one main surface 10a of the holding member 10. In addition, a number corresponding to the number of diagnostic members constituting the diagnostic member group is fitted into the recesses 74, 75, 76 formed in the holding member 10. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 5, the diagnostic members 1, 2, 3 are surrounded by the holding member 10, and one main surface is exposed to the outer surface of the instrument. The diagnostic member is held in a detachable state by being fitted into the recess through a gasket (not shown) made of a non-biodegradable resin. The diagnostic member may be formed with a grip portion that facilitates the attaching / detaching operation to the holding member. The gripping part may be a protrusion or a groove.

  From the viewpoint of facilitating the removal of the diagnostic member, the holding member may be configured such that, for example, the recess can be distorted by twisting the holding member so that the recess can be deformed. For example, the holding member may be made of rubber or resin. This is because each diagnostic member can be removed simply by twisting the holding member without having to pick and remove the diagnostic members one by one.

Since the soil diagnostic instrument α ₁ has a plurality of diagnostic members held by the holding member, they can be handled in an integrated manner, and the handling of the instrument is easy. Furthermore, since the diagnostic member is held by the holding member in a detachable state, it is possible to easily monitor the degree of decomposition of the diagnostic member. In addition, since the diagnostic member can be easily replaced, the soil diagnostic instrument can be easily remanufactured. Moreover, since the diagnostic member is arranged so as not to protrude from the surface of the holding member, it is easy to avoid damage to the diagnostic member due to contact with the soil particles. Thereby, a highly accurate soil diagnosis can be implemented. Having a reference diagnostic member and surrounding the periphery of each diagnostic member with a holding member made of a non-biodegradable material also contributes to an improvement in diagnostic accuracy.

[Soil diagnostic instrument α ₂ ]
As shown in the exploded perspective view of FIG. 6A and the cross-sectional view of FIG. 6B, the soil diagnostic instrument 100 constitutes a diagnostic member group with through holes 71, 72, 73 penetrating between the main surfaces on both sides in the holding member 10. The diagnostic members 1, 2 and 3 are formed in a number corresponding to the number of the diagnostic members to be attached, and are detachable from the through holes 71, 72 and 73, and protrude from the main surfaces 10a and 10b on both sides of the holding member. It is good also as a structure arrange | positioned so that it may not. Diagnostic member, like the soil diagnostic instrument alpha _1, via a gasket made of a non-biodegradable resin, may fit into the through-hole.

Compared to the soil diagnostic instrument α ₁ , the soil diagnostic instrument α ₂ can facilitate the decomposition of biological diagnostic members by soil microorganisms. By exposing the diagnostic member from both sides of the main surface of the holding member, as compared with soil diagnostic instrument alpha _1, the contact area between the diagnostic member and soil microorganisms in order to expand.

[Soil diagnostic instrument α ₃ ]
As shown in FIG. 7, the soil diagnostic instrument 100 is arranged on the main surface 10 a of the holding member 10 so as to further cover the surfaces of the diagnostic members 1, 2, 3 and the recesses 74, 75, 76 in the soil diagnostic instrument α ₁ . It is good also as a structure which has arrange | positioned the air-permeable protective film 4 in this. The breathable protective film 4 only needs to be disposed so as to cover the diagnostic member and the recess, and may be disposed on the entire main surface 10a of the holding member 10 as shown in FIG. 7 or as shown in FIG. In this way, it may be arranged in an island shape on the main surface 10a. The breathable protective film 4 may be bonded to the holding member 10 using a known adhesive.

Since the air permeable protective film is disposed so as to cover the surface of the diagnostic member, the soil diagnostic device α ₃ can more reliably prevent the diagnostic member from being damaged by soil particles as compared with the soil diagnostic device α ₁ . Moreover, since the air-permeable protective film is disposed so as to cover the concave portion, it is possible to prevent the diagnostic member from falling off the holding member.

[Soil diagnostic instrument α ₄ ]
Soil diagnostic instrument 100 further in the soil diagnostic instrument alpha _2, so as to cover the both end portions of the surface and the through hole 71, 72, 73 of the diagnostic member 1,2,3, of the holding member 10 on both sides of the main surfaces 10a, 10b It is good also as a structure which has arrange | positioned the breathable protective film 4 on it. The breathable protective film 4 only needs to be arranged so as to cover both ends of the diagnostic member and the through hole, and may be arranged on the entire main surfaces 10a and 10b of the holding member 10 as shown in FIG. However, it may be arranged in an island shape on the main surfaces 10a and 10b as shown in FIG. The breathable protective film 4 may be bonded to the holding member 10 using a known adhesive.

The soil diagnostic instrument α ₄ can more reliably prevent the diagnostic member from being damaged by the soil particles as compared with the soil diagnostic instrument α ₂ . Moreover, since the air-permeable protective film is disposed so as to cover both end portions of the through hole, it is possible to prevent the diagnostic member from falling off the holding member. In soil diagnostic instrument alpha _4, peeled permeable protective layer from the holding member, by taking out the diagnostic member, the measuring resolution of the diagnostic member.

[Soil diagnostic instrument α ₅ ]
As shown in FIG. 11, in the soil diagnostic instrument α ₂ , the soil diagnostic instrument 100 further includes one of the through holes in the state where the diagnostic members 1, ₂ , and 3 are disposed inside the through holes 71, 72, and 73. The breathable protective film 4 is disposed on the main surface 10a of the holding member 10 so as to cover the end, and the holding member 10 covers the other end of the through holes 71, 72, 73. It is good also as a structure to have. It can be said that the holding member is composed of a main body in which the through holes 71, 72, and 73 are formed and the lid portion 70. The lid 70 is made of, for example, a transparent non-biodegradable resin represented by the above polyethylene terephthalate.

  The lid 70 covers the other ends of the through holes 71, 72, 73 in a state that can be freely opened and closed. The said state is realizable by forming a convex part in one side of the main body and cover part of a holding member, forming a recessed part in the other, and fitting each other. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, the concave portion formed in the lid portion 70 is fitted so as to be hooked on the end (convex portion) of the main body of the holding member, or for example, as shown in FIG. The protrusion formed in the above may be fitted into the recess formed in the main surface 10b of the main body. The lid portion may be slid from the side to be fitted to the main surface 10b of the main body, or may be pressed from above to be fitted. The state can also be realized by forming a male screw on one of the main body and the lid portion of the holding member and forming a female screw on the other to bite each other. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, the lid portion 70 may be formed in a male screw shape, the other end portion of the through hole may be formed in a female screw shape, and bite each other. The fitting structure between the lid portion 70 and the main body may be designed so that the lid portion can be prevented from being unintentionally opened. For example, it is good to make it fit in the state which interposed the gasket and raised the frictional force.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the lid 70 may cover the entire main surface 10b of the holding member 10 or may cover the main surface 10b in an island shape. In the latter case, the lid portion may be fitted inside the through hole as shown in FIG. Also, the lid 70 may be separable from the main body of the holding member 10 as shown in FIG. 12, or may be connected to the main body and not easily separated as shown in FIG. For example, the connecting portion between the main body and the lid may be formed in a bellows shape so that the lid can be easily opened and closed. The lid portion 70 may be formed with a grip portion that facilitates opening and closing operations. The gripping part may be a protrusion or a groove.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the air-permeable protective film 4 may be arranged in an island shape on the main surface 10a of the holding member 10, or may be arranged on the entire surface of the main surface 10a. The air-permeable protective film 4 is preferably disposed inside the through hole so as not to protrude from the main surface 10a, for example, to be flush with the main surface 10a as shown in FIGS. This is because peeling of the air-permeable protective film due to contact with soil grains can be avoided.

Similarly to the soil diagnostic instrument α ₃ , the soil diagnostic instrument α ₅ can more reliably prevent the diagnostic member from being damaged by soil particles. In addition, since the diagnostic member is detachably disposed in the through-hole and has an openable / closable lid that covers the end of the through-hole, the diagnostic member can be moved out of the instrument without peeling off the breathable protective film. Can be extracted. As a result, the soil diagnostic instrument α ₅ is easier to monitor the degree of degradation of the diagnostic member than the soil diagnostic instrument α ₂ . In addition, since the diagnostic member can be easily replaced, the soil diagnostic instrument can be easily remanufactured. In addition, since the lid, which is a part of the holding member, is made of a transparent material, the degree of decomposition can be confirmed to some extent by visual inspection without removing the diagnostic member from the instrument. It is easy to determine when to implement

[Soil diagnostic instrument α ₆ ]
As shown in FIG. 15, the soil diagnostic instrument 100 has, for example, a surface that is flush with the main surface 10 a so as not to protrude on the main surface 10 a of the holding member 10 in the soil diagnostic instrument α ₁ . As such, the culture medium 50 may be arranged in contact with each diagnostic member. As described above, the medium may be any of a liquid medium, a semi-fluid medium, and a solid medium. Moreover, what is necessary is just to select the kind of culture medium suitably according to design.

The soil diagnostic instrument α ₆ can reduce the time required for soil diagnosis compared to the soil diagnostic instrument α ₁ . This is because soil microorganisms can be actively attracted to the surface of the diagnostic member, and the clustering on the surface can be promoted.

[Soil diagnostic instrument α ₇ ]
As shown in FIG. 16, the soil diagnostic instrument 100 further causes the holding member 10 to hold a plurality of the same type of diagnostic members in the row direction in the soil diagnostic instrument α ₁ , and on the main surface 10 a of the holding member 10. In order not to protrude, a plurality of different types of culture media 54a and 54b may be arranged in the column direction in contact with each diagnostic member, and the same type of culture media may be arranged in the row direction.

The soil diagnostic instrument α ₇ can shorten the time required for the soil diagnosis in the same manner as the soil diagnostic instrument α ₆ . In addition, since the medium suitable for the growth of soil microorganisms differs depending on the microorganism species, if a single kind of medium is placed in contact with each diagnostic member, the soil microorganisms are difficult to grow depending on the type of the medium. Accuracy may be reduced. However, since the soil diagnostic instrument α ₇ is provided with a plurality of types of culture media in contact with two or more diagnostic members, it is possible to avoid a decrease in diagnostic accuracy.

[Soil diagnostic instrument α ₈ ]
17A and 18A are perspective views for explaining another example of the structure of the diagnostic member. The diagnostic member 1 can have a structure in which a plurality of through holes 60 are formed, as shown in FIG. 17A. Moreover, as shown to FIG. 18A, it is good also as a structure in which the some recessed part 61 was formed. Soil diagnostic instrument 100, as shown in FIG. 17B or 18B, the Soil diagnostic instrument alpha _6, instead of the plate-shaped diagnostic member, disposed diagnostic member through hole 60 or recess 61 is formed, through holes 60 Or it is good also as a structure which has arrange | positioned the culture medium 50 in contact with the diagnostic member so that the inside of the recessed part 61 may be filled.

The soil diagnostic instrument α ₈ can reduce the time required for soil diagnosis compared to the soil diagnostic instrument α ₆ . This is because the surface area of the diagnostic member per unit mass is large because the through hole 60 or the recess 61 is formed. Moreover, since the culture medium is also arranged inside the through-hole or the recess, it is possible to suppress the culture medium from being peeled off from the diagnostic member by the soil particles or from disappearing due to volatilization.

[Soil diagnostic instrument α ₉ ]
As shown in FIG. 19, the soil diagnostic instrument 100 further includes a holding member so as to cover the surfaces of the diagnostic members 1, 2, and 3 where the culture medium 50 is disposed and the recesses 74, 75, and 76 in the soil diagnostic instrument α ₆ . Alternatively, the breathable protective film 4 may be disposed on the ten major surfaces 10a.

The soil diagnostic instrument α ₉ can more reliably prevent the diagnostic member from being damaged by the soil particles than the soil diagnostic instrument α ₆ . Further, when covering the surface of the diagnostic element breathable protective film, there are cases where soil microorganisms is less likely to migrate to the surface of the diagnostic element, the Soil diagnostic instrument alpha _9, the medium is placed in contact with the surface of the diagnostic member Therefore, soil microorganisms can be attracted to the surface of the diagnostic member while protecting the diagnostic member with the breathable protective film.

[Soil diagnostic instrument α ₁₀ ]
As shown in FIG. 20, the soil diagnostic instrument 100 may be configured such that the culture medium 50 is further disposed in the through holes 71, 72, 73 so as to wrap the diagnostic members 1, 2, 3 in the soil diagnostic instrument α ₅ . Good. The soil diagnostic instrument α ₁₀ can shorten the time required for soil diagnosis compared to the soil diagnostic instrument α ₅ . This is because soil microorganisms can be actively attracted to the surface of the diagnostic member, and the clustering on the surface can be promoted.

[Soil diagnostic instrument α ₁₁ ]
As shown in FIG. 21 and FIG. 22 which is a partially enlarged view of the soil diagnostic instrument 100, the soil diagnostic instrument α ₁ further includes a medium reservoir 51 in which a liquid or gel medium 50 is stored, and a wall surface of the medium reservoir 51. The wedge-shaped opening forming member 90 that breaks through 52 and opens the medium to leak the medium 50 from the medium reservoir 51, and the opening forming member 90 are supported, and the opening forming member 90 is deformed so as to contact the wall surface 52. The support member 91 that can be configured is disposed on the holding member 10, and the holding member 10 may have a flow path 53 that faces the wall surface 52 and the surface of the diagnostic member. The support member 91 may be made of a material excellent in elasticity, typified by rubber.

  In this configuration, as shown in FIGS. 23A and 23B, when the user pushes the support member 91 toward the wall surface 52 of the culture medium reservoir 51, the wall surface 52 is brought into contact with the opening forming member 90 as shown in FIG. 23C. An opening is formed. The culture medium 50 stored in the culture medium reservoir 51 leaks from the culture medium reservoir 51 through the opening and moves along the flow path 53 to come into contact with the surface of the diagnostic member 1.

  As shown in FIG. 24, the soil diagnostic instrument 100 does not have the opening forming member and the support member arranged on the holding member 10, and has a needle-like opening forming member as an accessory. It is good also as a structure arrange | positioned on the insertion path | route for inserting an opening formation member toward the culture medium reservoir from the outside. From the viewpoint of preventing the medium from leaking out of the apparatus, the valve body 92 is made of rubber so that the adhesion with the opening forming member and the shielding performance of the insertion path by the valve body after removing the opening forming member are increased. It is preferable to use a material excellent in elasticity represented by

  In this configuration, as shown in FIGS. 25A and 25B, when the user inserts an opening forming member (for example, a needle) 93 toward the wall surface 52 of the culture medium reservoir 51 so as to penetrate the valve body 92, FIG. As shown, the wall surface 52 is pierced by the opening forming member 93, and an opening is formed in the wall surface 52. The culture medium 50 stored in the culture medium reservoir 51 leaks from the culture medium reservoir 51 through the opening and moves along the flow path 53 to come into contact with the surface of the diagnostic member 1.

  The medium 50 stored in each medium reservoir 51 may be a single type, but the type may be different for each medium reservoir. For example, it may be set so that a plurality of types of culture media are arranged in contact with the surfaces of a plurality of prepared single types of diagnostic members.

The soil diagnostic instrument α ₁₁ can shorten the time required for soil diagnosis compared to the soil diagnostic instrument α ₁ . This is because soil microorganisms can be actively attracted to the surface of the diagnostic member, and the clustering on the surface can be promoted. In addition, when the culture medium is placed in contact with the diagnostic member in advance, the medium is volatilized and disappears from the diagnostic member during storage of the unused instrument, or airborne germs propagate on the culture medium and the instrument is may or unusable, but soil diagnostic instrument alpha ₁₁ is, since the medium stored in the medium reservoir can be avoided occurrence of such a problem.

[Soil diagnostic instrument α ₁₂ ]
As shown in FIG. 26, the soil diagnostic instrument 100 includes a diagnostic member having a through hole 60 instead of a plate-shaped diagnostic member in the soil diagnostic instrument α ₁₁ so as to cover the end of the flow path 53. Specifically, the flow path 53 may be arranged to communicate with the outside of the instrument 100 through the through hole 60. The diameter of the through-hole 60 may be set so that the culture medium 50 can be sucked into the inside by capillary action and the microorganisms in the soil sample can be permeated while suppressing the permeation of soil particles. For example, 0.5 μm or more and 150 μm or less, 1 μm or more and 150 μm or less, 106 μm or less, in particular, 75 μm or less, less than 20 μm, 15 μm or less, 10 μm or less, and less than 2 μm.

  In this configuration, as shown in FIGS. 27A to 27C, the culture medium 50 leaked from the culture medium reservoir 51 due to contact with the opening forming member 90 moves along the flow path 53, and the through hole 60 of the diagnostic member 1 due to capillary action. By being sucked in, the diagnostic member 1 comes into contact with the outer surface of the instrument 100 exposed.

Compared to the soil diagnostic instrument α ₁₁ , the soil diagnostic instrument α ₁₂ can reliably supply the culture medium on the diagnostic member even after the soil sample containing soil particles is brought into contact with the instrument. When the soil particles enter the flow path 53, the movement of the culture medium in the flow path may be hindered. However, by covering the end of the flow path 53 with the diagnostic member in which the through hole 60 is formed, the flow path This is because the medium can be arranged so that the soil microorganisms in the soil sample arranged on the outer surface of the instrument can be actively attracted to the surface of the diagnostic member while the invasion of soil grains into the inside can be avoided.

[Soil diagnostic instrument α ₁₃ ]
More specifically, as shown in FIG. 28, the soil diagnostic instrument 100 further covers the breathable protective film 4 in the soil diagnostic instrument α ₁₁ so as to cover the end of the flow path 53 and the surface of the diagnostic member. It is good also as a structure arrange | positioned so that the flow path 53 may connect with the exterior of an instrument through the pore of the breathable protective film 4. FIG. Soil diagnostic instrument alpha _13, like the soil diagnostic instrument alpha _12, even from after contacting the soil sample containing soil particles to the instrument can be reliably supplied to the medium on the diagnostic member.

[Soil diagnostic instrument α ₁₄ ]
As shown in the plan view of FIG. 29 and the cross-sectional view of FIG. 34, the soil diagnostic instrument 100 has a deformable string-like holding member 10 instead of the plate-like holding member in the soil diagnostic instrument α ₁ . It is good also as a structure. The holding member 10 may be in a deformable state by using a highly flexible non-biodegradable material typified by rubber. Moreover, you may comprise by one string and you may comprise by two or more strings.

  The holding of the diagnostic member by the holding member may be such that the diagnostic member is not easily attached or detached by passing the holding member through a hole formed in the diagnostic member so that the respective diagnostic members are sewn together by the holding member. However, a male screw is formed on one end of the holding member and one of the diagnostic members, and a female screw is formed on the other to bite each other, or a convex portion is formed on one of the end of the holding member and the diagnostic member. Further, it is preferable to form a recess in the other and fit each other so that the diagnostic member can be attached and detached.

  In addition to the circular shape shown in FIG. 29, the planar shape of the diagnostic member may be, for example, a triangular shape as shown in FIG. 30, a rectangular shape as shown in FIG. 31, an indefinite shape as shown in FIG. From the viewpoint of preventing the diagnostic member from being damaged by contact with soil grains, it is preferable to have a shape with few corners. The diagnostic member may be a columnar shape instead of a flat plate shape. In this case, as shown in FIG. 33, the holding member may hold the diagnostic member so that the major axis directions of the diagnostic member and the holding member coincide.

  As shown in FIG. 34, the diagnostic member may be directly held by the holding member 10, or as shown in FIG. 35, an air-permeable protective film 4 arranged so as to cover the surface of the diagnostic member is interposed. By doing so, it may be indirectly held by the holding member 10.

  As shown in the exploded perspective view of FIG. 36A and the cross-sectional view of FIG. 36B, the holding member 10 connects between the holding unit 12 holding each diagnostic member and separate holding units, as shown in the exploded perspective view of FIG. 36A and the cross-sectional view of FIG. You may comprise from the connection part 13. FIG. In this case, the diagnostic member is detachably disposed in the recesses 74, 75, and 76 of the holding portion 12 as shown in FIGS. 36A and 36B, or both sides of the holding portion 12 as shown in FIGS. 37A and B. It is good to arrange so that attachment or detachment is possible in the inside of the through-holes 71, 72, and 73 penetrating between the main surfaces. From the viewpoint of improving the inspection accuracy of the resolution of the diagnostic member, a breathable protective film may be disposed on the holding portion so as to cover the surface of the diagnostic member. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 38, the air-permeable protective film 4 is disposed so as to cover the surfaces of the diagnostic members 1, 2, 3 and the both ends of the through holes 71, 72, 73 of the holding part 12. It is good to arrange so that the surface of a diagnostic member and the recessed part of a holding | maintenance part may be covered. As shown in FIG. 39, one end of the through holes 71, 72, 73 is preferably covered with a lid 70 made of a transparent material. The cover part 70 is good to be in the state which can be opened and closed by employ | adopting the various fitting structure mentioned above. From the viewpoint of speeding up the soil diagnosis, it is preferable to arrange a culture medium on the surface of the diagnostic member directed to the outer surface of the instrument. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 40, for example, as shown in FIG. 40, the diagnostic members 1 and 2 are arranged so that the surface thereof is flush with the main surface so as not to protrude on one main surface of the holding unit 12. , 3 may be placed in contact with the culture medium 50. As described above, the medium may be any of a liquid medium, a semi-fluid medium, and a solid medium. Moreover, what is necessary is just to select the kind of culture medium suitably according to design.

Since the soil diagnostic instrument α ₁₆ has a higher flexibility of the holding member than the soil diagnostic instrument α ₁ , it is easy to store the instrument along the internal shape of the container carrying the soil sample. It can prevent that a conveyance container is damaged or an instrument itself is damaged when a corner | angular part contacts.

[Soil diagnostic instrument β ₁ ]
FIG. 41 is a cross-sectional view for explaining another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 41, the soil diagnostic instrument 200 includes a container main body 40 in which a recess 41 is formed, and a container lid 20 that forms a hollow 30 for housing a soil sample by covering the recess 41. A plurality of plate-like diagnostic members including a holding member, diagnostic members 1 and 2 each containing different biodegradable resins, and a diagnostic member (control diagnostic member) 3 made of a non-biodegradable resin A configured diagnostic member group. The container body 40 and the container lid 20 are made of a non-biodegradable material typified by aluminum or polyethylene terephthalate.

  Each diagnostic member 1, 2, 3 constitutes a diagnostic member group so as not to protrude from the bottom surface 42 of the recess 41 of the container body 40, more specifically, to be flush with the bottom surface 42. A number corresponding to the number of diagnostic members is fitted into the recesses 74, 75, 76 formed in the container body 40. As a result, the peripheral edges of the diagnostic members 1, 2, 3 are surrounded by the container main body 40, and one main surface faces the hollow 30. The diagnostic member is held in a detachable state by being fitted into the recess through a gasket (not shown) made of a non-biodegradable resin. The diagnostic member may be formed with a grip portion that facilitates the attaching / detaching operation to the holding member. The gripping part may be a protrusion or a groove.

  The container lid may be opened and closed by employing a known method. The said state is realizable by forming a convex part in one of a container main-body part and a container cover part, forming a recessed part in the other, and fitting each other. The container lid part may be slid from the side and fitted to the container body part, or may be pressed from above and fitted. The state can also be realized by forming a male screw on one of the container main body and the container lid and forming a female screw on the other to bite each other. The fitting structure between the container lid and the container main body may be designed so that the container lid can be prevented from being unintentionally opened. For example, it is good to make it fit in the state which interposed the gasket and raised the frictional force. The container lid part may be separable from the container main body part or may not be easily separated by being connected to the container main body part. The connecting portion between the container main body and the container lid may be formed, for example, in a bellows shape so that the container lid can be easily opened and closed.

Since the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁ has a hollow for accommodating the soil sample, in addition to obtaining the same effect as the soil diagnostic instrument α ₁ , the contact environment between the soil sample and the diagnostic member is kept constant. It becomes easy. In addition, the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁ is useful as a container for transporting a soil sample to a place where soil diagnosis is performed.

[Soil diagnostic instrument β ₂ ]
As shown in FIG. 42, the soil diagnostic instrument 200 forms test holes 80 on the bottom surface 42 of the container body 40 in the number corresponding to the diagnostic members constituting the diagnostic member group in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁ . It is good also as a structure which formed the recessed part 74,75,76 in the bottom part of this test hole 80, and has arrange | positioned the diagnostic members 1,2,3 in the recessed part 74,75,76 so that attachment or detachment is possible. Diagnostic member, like the soil diagnostic instrument beta _1, via a gasket made of a non-biodegradable resin, may fit into the recess.

Since the soil diagnostic instrument β ₂ can limit the movement range of the soil grains in the hollow through the test hole, it can more reliably prevent damage to the diagnostic member due to friction with the soil grains than the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁ .

[Soil diagnostic instrument β ₃ ]
As shown in FIG. 43, the soil diagnostic instrument 200 may have a configuration in which diagnostic members 1, 2, 3 having a U-shaped cross section are arranged along the surface of each test hole 80 in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₂ . Good. Compared with the soil diagnostic instrument β ₂ , the soil diagnostic instrument β ₃ facilitates the decomposition of biological diagnostic members by soil microorganisms. This is because by making the diagnostic member U-shaped in cross section, the contact area between the diagnostic member and soil microorganisms is increased.

[Soil diagnostic instrument β ₄ ]
As shown in FIG. 44, the soil diagnostic instrument 200 is arranged on the bottom surface 42 of the container body 40 so as to further cover the surfaces of the diagnostic members 1, 2, 3 and the recesses 74, 75, 76 in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁ . It is good also as a structure which has arrange | positioned the air-permeable protective film 4 in this. In addition, as shown in FIG. 45, in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₂ , the breathable protective film 4 is formed on the bottom of the test hole 80 so as to cover the surfaces of the diagnostic members 1, ₂ , 3 and the recesses 74, 75, 76. It is good also as a structure which has arranged. In addition, as shown in FIG. 46, the breathable protective film 4 is disposed on the bottom surface 42 so as to cover the surface of the diagnostic members 1, 2, 3 having a U-shaped section and the test hole 80 in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₃ . It is good also as a structure.

  The breathable protective film 4 only needs to be disposed so as to cover the diagnostic member and the recess, and may be disposed on the entire surface of the bottom surface 42 or may be disposed in an island shape. The breathable protective film 4 may be bonded to the container body 40 using a known adhesive.

The soil diagnostic instrument β ₄ has a breathable protective film that covers the surface of the diagnostic member, so it can more reliably prevent the diagnostic member from being damaged by soil particles than the soil diagnostic instrument β _{1 to} β ₃ it can. Moreover, since the air-permeable protective film is disposed so as to cover the concave portion, it is possible to prevent the diagnostic member from falling into the hollow.

[Soil diagnostic instrument β ₅ ]
47 to 49, the soil diagnostic instrument 200 is a through-hole penetrating between the bottom surface 42 and the main surface 43 of the container main body 40 in place of the recesses 74, 75, 76 in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₄ . 71, 72, 73 are formed in a number corresponding to the number of diagnostic members constituting the diagnostic member group, and the diagnostic members 1, 2, 3 are arranged in the through holes 71, 72, 73 in the state of the penetration. The breathable protective film 4 is disposed on the bottom surface 42 so as to cover one end of the hole, and the container main body 40 covers the other end of the through holes 71, 72, 73. It is good also as a structure which has the cover part 70 arrange | positioned on the surface 43. FIG. The lid 70 is made of, for example, a transparent non-biodegradable resin represented by the above polyethylene terephthalate.

The lid 70 covers the other ends of the through holes 71, 72, 73 in a state that can be freely opened and closed. What is necessary is just to design suitably the fitting structure of the cover part 70 and the container main-body part 40 similarly to the fitting structure of the cover part and main body in the soil diagnostic instrument (alpha) ₅ . The lid 70 may cover the entire main surface 43 or may cover an island shape. Depending on the case, as shown to FIGS. 50-52, it is good also as what is made to fit in the other edge part of a through-hole.

In the soil diagnostic instrument β ₅ , the diagnostic member is detachably disposed in the through hole and has an openable / closable cover that covers the other end of the through hole, so that the air-permeable protective film does not have to be peeled off. In addition, the diagnostic member can be extracted out of the instrument even when the soil sample is housed in the hollow. As a result, the soil diagnostic instrument β ₅ is easier to monitor the degree of degradation of the diagnostic member than the soil diagnostic instrument β ₄ . In addition, since the diagnostic member can be easily replaced, the soil diagnostic instrument can be easily remanufactured. In addition, since the lid, which is a part of the holding member, is made of a transparent material, the degree of decomposition can be confirmed to some extent by visual inspection without removing the diagnostic member from the instrument. It is easy to determine when to implement

[Soil diagnostic instrument β ₆ ]
As shown in FIG. 53, the soil diagnostic instrument 200 has a configuration in which the diagnostic members 1, 2, 3 formed in a rod shape in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁ are held by the container lid 20 instead of the container main body 40. It is good. The diagnostic members 1, 2, 3 are recessed portions 74 formed in the container lid 20 so as not to contact each other and to protrude toward the hollow 30 from the main surface 21 facing the hollow 30 of the container lid 20. , 75, 76. The diagnostic member is held in a detachable state by being fitted into the recess through a gasket (not shown) made of a non-biodegradable resin. The protruding length of the diagnostic member is adjusted so as to be within the hollow 30.

In the soil diagnostic instrument β ₆ , since the diagnostic member is held so as to protrude, it is easy to identify the diagnostic member. Moreover, since the soil diagnostic instrument β ₆ does not require precise processing on the container main body, the productivity of the instrument is improved.

[Soil diagnostic instrument β ₇ ]
As shown in FIG. 54, the soil diagnostic instrument 200 further covers the surface of the diagnostic member facing the hollow 30 and the recesses 74, 75, and 76 formed in the container lid 20 in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₆ . The breathable protective film 4 may be arranged on the main surface 21 of the container lid 20.

Since the air permeable protective film 4 is disposed so as to cover the surface of the diagnostic member, the soil diagnostic device β ₇ can more reliably prevent the diagnostic member from being damaged by soil particles than the soil diagnostic device β ₆ . Moreover, since the air-permeable protective film 4 is disposed on the main surface 21 so as to cover the recesses 74, 75, and 76 and the diagnostic member, it is possible to prevent the diagnostic member from falling into the hollow. In the soil diagnostic instrument β ₇ , the degree of decomposition of the diagnostic member is measured by peeling off the breathable protective film from the container lid and taking out the diagnostic member.

[Soil diagnostic instrument β ₈ ]
As shown in FIG. 55, the soil diagnostic instrument 200 further includes through holes 71, 72, penetrating between the main surface 21 and the main surface 22 in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₇ instead of the recesses in the container lid 20. 73 is formed in a number corresponding to the number of diagnostic members constituting the diagnostic member group, and the container lid portion is formed in a state where the end portions of the diagnostic members 1, 2, and 3 are disposed inside the through holes 71, 72, and 73. It is good also as a structure which has the cover part 70 arrange | positioned on the main surface 22 so that 20 may cover the edge part by the side of the main surface 22 of the said through-hole. The lid 70 is made of, for example, a transparent non-biodegradable resin represented by the above polyethylene terephthalate.

The lid portion 70 covers the end portions of the through holes 71, 72, 73 on the main surface 22 side in a freely openable / closable state. What is necessary is just to design suitably the fitting structure of the cover part 70 and the container cover part 20 similarly to the fitting structure of the cover part and main body in soil diagnostic instrument (alpha) ₅ . Moreover, the cover part 70 is good also as what covers the whole main surface 22, and good also as what covers in an island form. Depending on the case, as shown in FIG. 56, it is good also as what fits in the edge part by the side of the main surface 22 of a through-hole.

In the soil diagnostic instrument β ₈ , the diagnostic member is detachably disposed in the through hole and has an openable / closable cover that covers the other end of the through hole, so that the breathable protective film does not have to be peeled off. In addition, the diagnostic member can be extracted out of the instrument even when the soil sample is housed in the hollow. As a result, the soil diagnostic instrument β ₈ is easier to monitor the degree of degradation of the diagnostic member than the soil diagnostic instrument β ₇ . In addition, since the diagnostic member can be easily replaced, the soil diagnostic instrument can be easily remanufactured.

[Soil diagnostic instrument β ₉ ]
As shown in FIGS. 57 to 59, the soil diagnostic instrument 200 penetrates between the bottom surface 42 and the main surface 43 of the container main body 40 in the soil diagnostic instruments β _{1 to} β ₃ or as shown in FIG. 60. In addition, in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₆ , the through holes 71, 72, 73 instead of the recesses are formed as diagnostic members constituting the diagnostic member group so as to penetrate between the main surface 21 and the main surface 22 of the container lid 20. The diagnostic members 1, 2, and 3 may be configured in such a manner that each of the through-holes is closed by the arrangement inside the through-holes.

  The diagnostic member is held in a detachable state on the container main body or the container lid by being fitted into the through hole via a gasket (not shown) made of a non-biodegradable resin. The diagnostic member may be formed with a grip portion that facilitates an attaching / detaching operation from the outside of the instrument into the through hole. The gripping part may be a protrusion or a groove.

Similarly to the soil diagnostic instruments β ₅ and β ₈ , the soil diagnostic instrument β ₉ is easy to extract and replace the diagnostic member, so that the degree of degradation of the diagnostic member can be monitored and the soil diagnostic instrument can be easily remanufactured. Moreover, since such an effect is acquired even if it does not form a cover part in a container main-body part or a container cover part, the number of members can be reduced.

[Soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₀ ]
As shown in FIG. 61, the soil diagnostic instrument 200 is more specifically configured so that the surface of the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁ does not protrude beyond the bottom surface 42 of the container main body portion 40 in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁ . It is good also as a structure which has arrange | positioned the culture medium 50 in contact with each diagnostic member so that it may become flush | level. Further, as shown in FIG. 64, the soil diagnostic instrument β ₂ may be configured such that the culture medium 50 is further arranged on the bottom of the test hole 80 so as to contact each diagnostic member. In addition, as shown in FIG. 65, in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₃ , the culture medium 50 may be further arranged so as to be in contact with the surfaces of the diagnostic members 1, 2, and 3 having a U-shaped cross section. As described above, the medium may be any of a liquid medium, a semi-fluid medium, and a solid medium. Moreover, what is necessary is just to select the kind of culture medium suitably according to design.

The soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₀ can shorten the time required for soil diagnosis compared to the soil diagnostic instruments β _{1 to} β ₃ . This is because soil microorganisms can be actively attracted to the surface of the diagnostic member, and the clustering on the surface can be promoted.

[Soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₁ ]
As shown in FIGS. 62 and 63, the soil diagnostic instrument 200 includes a diagnostic member in which a through hole 60 or a recess 61 is formed instead of the flat diagnostic member in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₀ . Or it is good also as a structure which has arrange | positioned the culture medium 50 in contact with the diagnostic member so that the inside of the recessed part 61 may be filled.

The soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₁ can shorten the time required for soil diagnosis compared to the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₀ . This is because the surface area of the diagnostic member per unit mass is large because the through hole 60 or the recess 61 is formed. Moreover, since the culture medium is also arranged inside the through-hole or the recess, it is possible to suppress the culture medium from being peeled off from the diagnostic member by the soil particles or from disappearing due to volatilization.

[Soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₂ ]
As shown in FIGS. 66 to 72, the soil diagnostic instrument 200 may be configured such that the culture medium 50 is further disposed in contact with the surface of the diagnostic member facing the hollow 30 in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₅ . As shown in FIG. 73, the culture medium 50 may be disposed so as to wrap the diagnostic members 1, 2, 3 inside the recesses 74, 75, 76.

The soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₂ can shorten the time required for soil diagnosis compared to the soil diagnostic instrument β ₅ . This is because soil microorganisms can be actively attracted to the surface of the diagnostic member, and the clustering on the surface can be promoted. Further, when covering the surface of the diagnostic element breathable protective film, there is a case where the soil microbes to the surface of the diagnostic element is less likely to move, the Soil diagnostic instrument beta _12, placing the medium in contact with the surface of the diagnostic member Therefore, such a problem can be avoided.

[Soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₃ ]
As shown in FIG. 74, the soil diagnostic instrument 200 uses the diagnostic members 1, 2, 3 in which a plurality of through holes 60 are formed in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₆ , and fills the inside of the through holes 60. It is good also as a structure which has arrange | positioned the culture medium 50. FIG.

The soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₃ can reduce the time required for soil diagnosis compared to the soil diagnostic instrument β ₆ . This is because the through-hole is formed in the diagnostic member, and therefore the surface area per unit mass of the diagnostic member is larger than that of the soil diagnostic instrument β ₆ . In addition, since the culture medium is arranged inside the through-hole, soil microorganisms can be actively attracted to the inside of the diagnostic member, and the culture medium can be peeled off from the diagnostic member by soil particles, or the medium can be lost by volatilization. It is because it can suppress doing.

[Soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₄ ]
As shown in FIG. 75, the soil diagnostic instrument 200 further opens a medium reservoir 51 storing the liquid or gel-like culture medium 50 and the wall surface 52 of the culture medium reservoir 51 in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁ , A wedge-shaped opening forming member 90 that allows the medium 50 to leak from the medium reservoir 51, and a support member 91 that supports the opening forming member 90 and can be deformed so as to contact the wall surface 52 with the opening forming member 90. The channel body 53 may be arranged in the container body 40 and the container body 40 may have a flow channel 53 facing the wall surface 52 and the surface of the diagnostic member. The support member 91 may be made of a material excellent in elasticity, typified by rubber.

  In this configuration, when the user pushes the support member 91 toward the wall surface 52 of the culture medium reservoir 51, an opening is formed in the wall surface 52 by contact with the opening formation member 90, and the culture medium 50 stored in the culture medium reservoir 51 is By leaking from the culture medium reservoir 51 through the opening and moving along the flow path 53, the surface of the diagnostic member 1 is contacted.

  The soil diagnostic instrument 200 has an opening forming member as an accessory. As shown in FIG. 76, the container main body 40 does not include the opening forming member and the supporting member, and the valve body 92 is placed in the culture medium reservoir from the outside of the instrument. It is good also as a structure arrange | positioned on the insertion path | route for inserting an opening formation member toward. From the viewpoint of preventing the medium from leaking out of the apparatus, the valve body 92 is made of rubber so that the adhesion with the opening forming member and the shielding performance of the insertion path by the valve body after removing the opening forming member are increased. It is preferable to use a material excellent in elasticity represented by

  In this configuration, when the user inserts an opening forming member (for example, a needle) toward the wall surface 52 of the culture medium reservoir 51 so as to penetrate the valve body 92, the wall surface 52 is pierced by the opening forming member. An opening is formed in 52, and the medium 50 stored in the medium reservoir 51 leaks from the medium reservoir 51 through the opening and moves along the flow path 53 to contact the surface of the diagnostic member 1. It becomes.

  The medium 50 stored in each medium reservoir 51 may be a single type, but the type may be different for each medium reservoir. For example, it may be set so that a plurality of types of culture media are arranged in contact with the surfaces of a plurality of prepared single types of diagnostic members.

The soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₄ can shorten the time required for soil diagnosis compared to the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁ . This is because soil microorganisms can be actively attracted to the surface of the diagnostic member, and the clustering on the surface can be promoted. In addition, when the culture medium is placed in contact with the diagnostic member in advance, the medium is volatilized and disappears from the diagnostic member during storage of the unused instrument, or airborne germs propagate on the culture medium and the instrument is Although it may become unusable, since the culture medium is stored in the culture medium reservoir, the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₄ can avoid such a problem.

[Soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₅ ]
As shown in FIG. 77, the soil diagnostic instrument 200 is configured so that, in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₄ , instead of the plate-shaped diagnostic member, a diagnostic member having a through hole 60 is more covered so as to cover the end of the flow path 53. Specifically, the flow path 53 may be arranged to communicate with the hollow 30 through the through hole 60. The diameter of the through hole 60, similarly to the soil diagnostic tool alpha ₁₂ setting, the medium can be a suck therein by capillary action, and as can transmit microorganisms in soil samples while suppressing the permeation of the soil grains Good.

  In this configuration, the culture medium 50 leaked from the culture medium reservoir 51 due to contact with the opening forming member 90 moves along the flow path 53 and is sucked into the through-hole 60 of the diagnostic member 1 by capillary action. It will contact the diagnostic member 1 in the state exposed to.

Soil diagnostic instrument beta _15, as compared with soil diagnostic instrument beta _14, even from after contacting the soil sample containing soil particles to the instrument can be reliably supplied to the medium on the diagnostic member. When the soil particles enter the flow path 53, the movement of the culture medium in the flow path may be hindered. However, by covering the end of the flow path 53 with the diagnostic member in which the through hole 60 is formed, the flow path This is because the medium can be arranged so that the soil microorganisms in the soil sample arranged in the hollow can be actively attracted to the surface of the diagnostic member while the invasion of the soil grains into the inside can be avoided.

[Soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₆ ]
More specifically, as shown in FIG. 78, the soil diagnostic instrument 200 further covers the breathable protective film 4 in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₄ so as to cover the end of the flow path 53 and the surface of the diagnostic member. It is good also as a structure arrange | positioned so that the flow path 53 may connect to the hollow 30 through the pore of the breathable protective film 4. FIG. Similarly to the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₄ , the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₆ can reliably supply the medium on the diagnostic member even after the soil sample containing soil particles is brought into contact with the instrument.

[Soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₇ ]
As shown in FIG. 79, in the soil diagnostic instrument 200, in the soil diagnostic instrument β ₁ , the medium reservoir 51 storing the liquid or gel-like culture medium 50 is disposed inside the recesses 74, 75, and 76 of the container main body 40. Then, the diagnostic members 1, 2, 3 are arranged on the wall surface 52 of the medium reservoir 51 so as to protrude toward the hollow 30 side from the bottom surface 42 inside the recesses 74, 75, 76, and the breathable protective film 4 is disposed. The surface of the diagnostic member protruding to the hollow 30 side and the recesses 74, 75, 76 may be arranged to cover. The wall surface 52 is another wall surface that constitutes the culture medium reservoir 51 so as to be broken and opened by the pressure applied to the diagnostic member by introducing a soil sample containing soil particles into the hollow 30. It is formed so that the wall thickness is thinner than the wall surface in contact with.

  In this configuration, as shown in FIGS. 80A to 80C, when a soil sample containing soil grains 55 is introduced into the hollow 30, the diagnostic member is pushed toward the culture medium reservoir 51 by the pressure of the soil grains, and the wall surface 52 is It breaks through and moves into the medium reservoir 51. As a result, the culture medium 50 stored in the culture medium reservoir 51 comes into contact with the surface of the diagnostic member and is exposed to the hollow 30 through the pores of the air-permeable protective film.

The soil diagnostic instrument β ₁₇ is convenient because a medium is automatically placed on the diagnostic member when a soil sample is put into the hollow. In addition, since the culture medium is stored in the culture medium reservoir, the medium is volatilized and disappears from the diagnostic member during storage of the unused instrument, as in the case of the soil diagnostic instrument β _15, and various germs in the air remain on the culture medium. It can prevent breeding.

  The soil diagnostic instrument of the present invention prepares a diagnostic member group including a diagnostic member A including a biodegradable resin A and a diagnostic member B including a biodegradable resin B different from the biodegradable resin A. It can manufacture by including the process which makes the holding member hold | maintain the diagnostic member which comprises a group. As the holding member, a member obtained by removing the diagnostic member from the soil diagnostic instrument may be used.

  The diagnostic member may be held on the holding member in a state where it is not easy to attach or detach by using a known adhesive or by melting the end face by heating and sticking it to the holding member. It is good to hold. The specific mode for making it detachable is as described above.

  The soil diagnostic instrument may be manufactured by further including a step of arranging a culture medium in contact with at least one of the diagnostic members constituting the diagnostic member group. The order in which the step of holding the diagnostic member on the holding member and the step of arranging the culture medium are not particularly limited. Various media represented by the above-mentioned LB medium can be used. The culture medium may be a different culture medium for each diagnostic member. Specifically, different culture media may be arranged on the surfaces of a plurality of single-type diagnostic members prepared. As a method for arranging the medium, various methods represented by the above-described dripping and application can be used.

  The soil diagnostic instrument of the present invention may start to be used at a diagnosis site where soil diagnosis is performed, but from the viewpoint of speeding up soil diagnosis, diagnosis for diagnosing a soil sample from a sampling site where a soil sample is collected It is preferable to start using it while transporting the soil sample to the location. Specifically, a soil diagnostic instrument is put together with the soil sample into a transport container for transporting the soil sample from the collection site for collecting the soil sample to a diagnosis place for diagnosing the soil sample. The soil sample is placed on the diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group by starting its use by placing the soil sample on the diagnostic member constituting the group or accommodating the soil sample in the hollow for accommodating the soil sample. It is good to start using as a soil diagnostic instrument, using as a transport container for transporting the soil sample.

  In addition, said diagnostic place is not limited to a well-known soil analysis organization, What is necessary is just a place with the equipment which can test | inspect the decomposition degree of a diagnostic member.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily and accurately diagnose the resolution of the biodegradable resin that specific soil has. Thereby, the resin molded product suitable for the disposal in the soil can be accurately supplied to those who run agriculture and forestry in the soil. Selection and supply of a resin molded product suitable for disposal in a specific soil may be performed, for example, by performing the following steps A to C.
(1) Step A of receiving an order from a client who desires to provide a resin molded product suitable for disposal in soil.
(2) Step B of selecting the biodegradable resin suitable for disposal in the soil by diagnosing the resolution of the biodegradable resin that the soil has as described above using the soil diagnostic instrument.
(3) Step C of supplying a client with a resin molded product composed of the selected biodegradable resin.

  The resin molded product to be supplied may be newly produced using the selected biodegradable resin, or may be a ready-made product composed of the biodegradable resin. Appropriate selection and supply of resin molded products are, for example, information having information storage means for storing information on orders, information on resolution of biodegradable resin of the target soil, and information on supply status of appropriate resin molded products. It is good to carry out using a processing apparatus. The order may be received via a telecommunication line.

  The client may be a potential client. In this case, instead of receiving an order and starting a soil diagnosis, the provider of the resin molded product starts the soil diagnosis for a specific soil and asks the person engaged in agriculture etc. By proposing use of a resin molded product suitable for disposal in soil, the resin molded product is supplied.

  The present invention relates to a soil diagnostic instrument, a soil diagnostic method, a method for manufacturing and a method of using a soil diagnostic instrument, which can easily and accurately select a biodegradable resin for constituting a resin molded article suitable for disposal in a specific soil. Applicable to providing.

It is a top view which shows an example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is a top view which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is a top view which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is a top view which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view for demonstrating another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is a perspective view for demonstrating the diagnostic member which the other example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention hold | maintains. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is a perspective view for demonstrating the diagnostic member which the other example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention hold | maintains. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is the elements on larger scale of the soil diagnostic instrument shown in FIG. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the arrangement | positioning method of the culture medium on a diagnostic member in the soil diagnostic instrument shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the arrangement | positioning method of the culture medium on a diagnostic member in the soil diagnostic instrument shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram for demonstrating the arrangement | positioning method of the culture medium on a diagnostic member in the soil diagnostic instrument shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is a top view which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is a top view which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is a top view which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is a top view which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is a top view which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view for demonstrating another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view for demonstrating another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows another example of the soil diagnostic instrument of this invention. FIG. 80 is a conceptual diagram for explaining a method for arranging a medium on a diagnostic member in the soil diagnostic instrument shown in FIG. 79. It is a flowchart which shows an example of the soil diagnostic method of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows another example of the soil diagnostic method of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows another example of the soil diagnostic method of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows another example of the soil diagnostic method of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows another example of the soil diagnostic method of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1, 2 Diagnostic member 3 (Contrast) Diagnostic member 4 Breathable protective film 10 Holding member 10a One main surface of the holding member 10b The other main surface of the holding member 12 Holding portion 13 Connection portion 20 Container lid portion 21 In the container lid portion Main surface on the side facing the hollow 22 Main surface on the opposite side to the hollow in the container lid portion 30 Hollow 40 Container body portion 41 Recess in the container body portion 42 Bottom surface of the recess in the container body portion 43 Opposite to the bottom surface of the recess in the container body portion Side main surface 50, 54a, 54b Medium 51 Medium reservoir 52 Wall surface of medium reservoir 53 Flow path 55 Soil grain 60 Through hole 61 (diagnostic member) Recess 70 Lid 70 Lid 71, 72, 73 (holding member) Through hole 74, 75, 76 Recessed portion (of holding member) 80 Test hole 90 Opening member 91 Support member 92 Valve body 100, 200 Soil diagnostic instrument

Claims (54)

  A soil diagnostic instrument having a diagnostic member group including a diagnostic member A including a biodegradable resin A and a diagnostic member B including a biodegradable resin B different from the biodegradable resin A.   The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 1, further comprising a holding member that holds a diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group.   A breathable protective film having pores formed therein, which is arranged so as to cover at least one of the diagnostic members constituting the diagnostic member group and which allows the microorganisms in the soil sample to permeate while suppressing permeation of the soil particles. The soil diagnostic instrument of Claim 1 which has.   The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 3, wherein the pore diameter of the air-permeable protective film is in the range of 0.5 µm to 150 µm.   The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 1, wherein the diagnostic member group further includes a diagnostic member made of a non-biodegradable resin.   The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 2, wherein the holding member holds a diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group in a detachable state.   The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 2, wherein the holding member is made of a non-biodegradable material.   The diagnostic member B is held by the holding member in a state where the holding member includes a portion made of a non-biodegradable material and is separated from the diagnostic member A so as to sandwich the portion. The soil diagnostic instrument described.   The holding member is formed with a recess A or a through-hole A and a recess B or a through-hole B, and at least a part of the diagnostic member A is detachably disposed in the recess A or the through-hole A, The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 2, wherein at least a part of the diagnostic member B is detachably disposed in the recess B or the through hole B.   A concave portion A and a concave portion B are formed in the holding member, and at least a part of the diagnostic member A is disposed in a removable state in the concave portion A, and at least a part of the diagnostic member B is in the concave portion B. The soil diagnostic instrument of Claim 2 arrange | positioned in the state which can be attached or detached to.   A through-hole A and a through-hole B are formed in the holding member, and at least a part of the diagnostic member A is arranged in a removable state inside the through-hole A, and at least a part of the diagnostic member B is the through-hole. The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 2, wherein the soil diagnostic instrument is detachably disposed in the hole B.   The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 9, wherein the diagnostic member A is disposed inside the concave portion A or the through hole A, and the diagnostic member B is disposed inside the concave portion B or the through hole B.   The soil according to claim 9, wherein the holding member has an openable / closable lid that covers one end or recess A of the through hole A and one end or recess B of the through hole B. Diagnostic instrument.   The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 13, wherein the lid is made of a non-biodegradable material.   The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 13, wherein a part of the lid portion is configured by a breathable protective film having pores that permeate microorganisms in a soil sample while suppressing permeation of soil grains.   The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 2, wherein at least a part of the holding member is made of a transparent material so that the diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group is visible.   An air-permeable protective film having pores that permeate microorganisms in a soil sample while suppressing the permeation of soil grains is one end or recess A of the through hole A and one of the through holes B. The soil diagnostic instrument of Claim 9 arrange | positioned so that an edge part or the recessed part B may be covered.   The holding member has an openable / closable lid that covers one end of the through-hole A and one end of the through-hole B, and transmits microorganisms in the soil sample while suppressing permeation of soil particles. The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 11, wherein the air-permeable protective film in which pores are formed is arranged so as to cover the other end of the through hole A and the other end of the through hole B. .   The holding member is an openable / closable lid A that covers one end of the through hole A and one end of the through hole B, and the other end of the through hole A and the other of the through hole B. And an openable / closable lid portion B that covers the end portion of at least one of the lid portion A and the lid portion B, part of which permeates the microorganisms in the soil sample while suppressing the permeation of soil grains. The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 11, comprising a breathable protective film in which pores are formed.   The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 2, wherein at least a part of the holding member is deformable.   21. The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 20, wherein the at least part is string-shaped, and the string-shaped part is disposed between two adjacent diagnostic members.   The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 2, wherein at least a part of the holding member is plate-shaped, and the plate-shaped portion is disposed between two adjacent diagnostic members.   The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 2, wherein a hollow for accommodating a soil sample is formed in the holding member, and a diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group is arranged to face the hollow.   The holding member is composed of a container body part in which a concave part is formed, and a container lid part that forms a hollow for accommodating a soil sample by covering the concave part, and a diagnostic member that constitutes the diagnostic member group The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 2, wherein the soil diagnostic instrument is disposed on the container main body or the container lid so as to face the hollow.   The pores were formed so as to allow the microorganisms in the soil sample to permeate while suppressing the permeation of soil grains, which was arranged so as to cover the hollow-facing surface of at least one diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group. The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 23 or 24, further comprising a breathable protective film.   The holding member is formed with a through hole A having one end communicating with the hollow and a through hole B having one end communicating with the hollow, and at least a part of the diagnostic member A is the through hole. A is disposed in a removable state inside A, at least a part of the diagnostic member B is disposed in a removable state inside the through-hole B, and the holding member is the other of the through-hole A The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 23 or 24, further comprising an openable and closable lid that covers the end and the other end of the through hole B.   The holding member is formed with a through hole A having one end communicating with the hollow and a through hole B having one end communicating with the hollow, and at least a part of the diagnostic member A is the through hole. The through-hole A is closed by the diagnostic member A in a detachable state inside the A, and at least a part of the diagnostic member B is detachably arranged in the through-hole B and the The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the through hole B is closed by a diagnostic member B.   The holding member is formed with a through hole A having one end communicating with the hollow and a through hole B having one end communicating with the hollow, and at least a part of the diagnostic member A is the through hole. A is disposed in a removable state inside A, at least a part of the diagnostic member B is disposed in a removable state inside the through-hole B, and the holding member is the other of the through-hole A A breathable protective film having pores formed therein that has an openable and closable lid that covers the other end of the through hole B, and allows microorganisms in the soil sample to permeate while suppressing permeation of soil particles The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 23 or 24, arranged so as to cover the one end of the through hole A and the one end of the through hole B.   The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 1, further comprising a culture medium arranged in contact with at least one of the diagnostic members constituting the diagnostic member group.   30. The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 29, wherein a recess or a through hole is formed in at least one of the diagnostic members constituting the diagnostic member group, and the culture medium is in contact with the inside of the recess or the through hole. The diagnostic member A includes a diagnostic member A ₁ and a diagnostic member A ₂ , the diagnostic member B includes a diagnostic member B ₁ and a diagnostic member B ₂ , and a medium α and a medium β different from the medium α are used as the medium. 30. The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 29, wherein the medium α contacts the diagnostic member A ₁ and the diagnostic member B _1, and the medium β contacts the diagnostic member A ₂ and the diagnostic member B ₂ .   And further comprising a culture medium, wherein the culture medium is disposed away from at least one diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group and moves toward the at least one diagnostic member, or the at least one diagnostic The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 2, wherein the member is in contact with the surface of the diagnostic member by moving toward the medium.   The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 32, wherein the medium is a liquid medium or a semi-fluid medium.   The medium further includes a medium reservoir in which the medium is stored, and the medium starts moving toward the at least one diagnostic member by a predetermined operation, or the at least one diagnostic member moves toward the medium. The soil diagnostic instrument of claim 32, wherein the soil diagnostic instrument is started.   An opening forming member that performs the predetermined operation, and the opening forming member that forms an opening in the culture medium reservoir so that the culture medium leaks from the culture medium reservoir and starts moving toward the at least one diagnostic member. The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 34, further comprising:   A breathable protective film having pores formed therein, wherein a flow path for moving the medium toward the surface is formed in the holding member, and allows microorganisms in the soil sample to permeate while suppressing permeation of soil particles. 36. The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 35, arranged so as to cover an end of the flow path and the surface.   The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 34, wherein at least one diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group is disposed on the holding member in a state of being movable into the medium reservoir.   A concave portion or a through hole is formed in the holding member, the medium reservoir is disposed inside the concave portion or the through hole, and the diagnostic member is configured to remove a part of the wall surface constituting the medium reservoir by the predetermined operation. The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 37, disposed on the partial wall surface and inside the recess or the through-hole so as to be broken and moved into the medium reservoir.   A part of the diagnostic member is disposed so as to protrude from the surface of the holding member so that the diagnostic member starts moving toward the inside of the medium reservoir by contact with a soil grain in a soil sample. The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 38.   The soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 38, wherein the partial wall surface is thinner than other wall surfaces that are in contact with the wall surface and constitute the medium reservoir.   A breathable protective film having pores that permeate microorganisms in the soil sample while suppressing the permeation of soil grains covers the surface of the diagnostic member, and one end or recess of the through hole. The soil diagnostic instrument of Claim 38 arrange | positioned so that it may cover. The diagnostic member A includes a diagnostic member A ₁ and a diagnostic member A ₂ , the diagnostic member B includes a diagnostic member B ₁ and a diagnostic member B ₂ , and a medium α and a medium β different from the medium α are used as the medium. a, the diagnostic member a ₁ and the diagnostic member said medium in a contactable state on the surface of B and away from the _first surface the diagnostic member a ₁ and the diagnostic member B ₁ alpha is disposed, the diagnostic member a ₂ and the diagnostic member B wherein away from the _second surface and at the diagnostic member a ₂ and the diagnostic member contactable state on the surface of B ₂ medium β is arranged, soil diagnosis according to claim 32 Instruments.   The soil according to claim 32, wherein a recess or a through hole is formed in at least one of the diagnostic members constituting the diagnostic member group, and the culture medium is in a state in which the medium can contact the inside of the recess or the through hole. Diagnostic instrument.   A soil diagnosis method using the soil diagnostic instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 43, wherein a first step of arranging a soil sample on a diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group, and the first A soil diagnostic method comprising: a second step of monitoring the degree of decomposition of the diagnostic member after the step.   It is the soil diagnostic method using the soil diagnostic instrument of any one of Claims 1-28 and 32-43, Comprising: The 1st process which arrange | positions a soil sample on the diagnostic member which comprises the said diagnostic member group, And a second step of monitoring the degree of decomposition of the diagnostic member after the first step, and further, a medium placement step of placing the culture medium in contact with the diagnostic member before the second step is performed. Soil diagnostic method to be implemented. The soil diagnostic instrument has a diagnostic member A ₁ and a diagnostic member A ₂ as the diagnostic member A, and has a diagnostic member B ₁ and a diagnostic member B ₂ as the diagnostic member B. In the medium placement step, 46. A medium α is disposed so as to contact the diagnostic member A ₁ and the diagnostic member B ₁ , and a medium β different from the medium α is disposed so as to contact the diagnostic member A ₂ and the diagnostic member B _2. The soil diagnostic method described in 1.   The soil diagnosis according to claim 44 or 45, further comprising a step of holding the soil diagnostic instrument in an environment in a range of 5 ° C or higher and 40 ° C or lower between the first step and the second step. Method.   The soil diagnosis method according to claim 44 or 45, wherein in the second step, the monitor is performed by measuring a mass reduction rate of the diagnostic member.   46. The soil diagnosis method according to claim 44 or 45, wherein in the second step, the monitor is performed by performing image analysis on a surface of the diagnostic member.   The soil diagnosis method according to claim 44 or 45, wherein in the second step, the monitor is performed by measuring a degree of adhesion of bacterial cells on the surface of the diagnostic member.   A diagnostic member group including a diagnostic member A including a biodegradable resin A, a diagnostic member B including a biodegradable resin B different from the biodegradable resin A, and a diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group A method for manufacturing a soil diagnostic instrument, comprising: a method for manufacturing a soil diagnostic instrument having a holding member that includes holding the diagnostic member on the holding member.   52. The method for producing a soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 51, further comprising a step of arranging a culture medium in contact with at least one of the diagnostic members constituting the diagnostic member group.   It is a usage method of the soil diagnostic instrument of Claim 1, Comprising: With the said soil sample in the conveyance container which conveys the said soil sample from the collection place which collects a soil sample to the diagnostic place which diagnoses the said soil sample A method for using a soil diagnostic instrument, wherein the soil sample is placed on a diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group by introducing the soil diagnostic instrument.   25. The method for using a soil diagnostic instrument according to claim 23 or 24, wherein the soil is accommodated on the diagnostic member constituting the diagnostic member group by accommodating the soil sample in the hollow at a collection place where the soil sample is collected. A method for using a soil diagnostic instrument, wherein a sample is placed and the soil diagnostic instrument is used as a transport container for transporting the soil sample from the collection site to a diagnostic site where the soil sample is diagnosed.

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