JP2007070402A - Process for manufacturing solid fuel from waste oil - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a process for manufacturing a solid fuel from a waste oil, which permits water in water-containing screen residues to react uniformly and sufficiently and can obtain the solid fuel good in handling property. <P>SOLUTION: The waste oil such as a waste edible oil is subjected to the filtration processing 11 to separate it into a liquid component and screen residues. The liquid component is subjected to the sedimentation processing 12 to separate it into a liquid fuel and a water-containing liquid. The separated water-containing liquid is mixed with the above screen residues to obtain water-containing screen residues. The water-containing screen residues are mixed with a polyhydric alcohol such as diethylene glycol, then added with a lime such as unslaked lime and agitated to perform the mixing treatment 13 and produce fine powders consisting of a hydroxide formed by the hydration reaction between the lime and the water in the water-containing screen residues. Thus, the solid fuel, i.e., what the water-containing screen residues are powdered, is manufactured. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention obtains a liquid fuel by filtering (screening) waste oil such as edible edible oil, and at the same time, the solid fuel from the waste oil for processing the hydrous screen soot to obtain a solid fuel. It relates to a manufacturing method.

  In general, spent oil such as used edible oil is separated into liquid fuel and water-containing screen cake by filtration and, if necessary, sedimentation (decantation). Liquid fuel is used as fuel for diesel engines, soap and the like. In order to use as a fuel for a diesel engine, a method of adding methanol and caustic soda to a liquid fuel and performing a heat treatment is known. Moreover, since it uses as a soap, the method of adding an organic acid compound and a strong alkali compound to liquid fuel, and stirring at room temperature is known. In those cases, the water-containing screen dredging is disposed of. The reason is that the water-containing screen cocoon is made of tempura cocoon, oil and moisture, and the burner, piping and the like are blocked as it is, and is not suitable for liquid fuel. Furthermore, the water-containing screen soot is mud and is difficult to handle even when used as a solid fuel.

As a method of treating waste oil having such properties, for example, magnesium oxide or calcium oxide treated with a surfactant is added to an oily substance, and magnesium oxide or calcium oxide that has absorbed the oily substance is magnesium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide. The method of making it react until it becomes is known (for example, refer patent document 1).
Japanese Patent Publication No.58-2000 (first and third pages)

  In the conventional method described in Patent Document 1, the surface of magnesium oxide or calcium oxide is hydrophobized to improve the miscibility with waste oil. However, since the surface of magnesium oxide or calcium oxide is covered with a surfactant by such surface modification, the hydration reaction between magnesium oxide or calcium oxide present on the inside and water is not easily performed. And it was uneven. Therefore, the pulverization by the hydration reaction is not sufficiently performed, and a solid fuel with good handleability cannot be obtained.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to such problems existing in the prior art, and the object of the present invention is to be able to react uniformly and sufficiently with the water content of the water-containing screen so that it is easy to handle. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a solid fuel from waste oil that can provide a good solid fuel.

  In order to achieve the above object, a method for producing solid fuel from waste oil according to the first aspect of the present invention includes separating a waste oil into a liquid fuel and a water-containing screen tank by at least filtering the waste oil, While adding a polyhydric alcohol, adding limes, stirring and mixing, it is characterized by making into powder or lump.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing solid fuel from waste oil according to the first aspect of the present invention. It is a mass part.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a solid fuel from waste oil according to the first or second aspect, wherein the lime is quick lime or light burned dolomite. .

According to the present invention, the following effects can be exhibited.
In the method for producing solid fuel from waste oil according to the first aspect of the present invention, the waste oil is separated into liquid fuel and water-containing screen cake by at least filtration treatment, and then polyhydric alcohol is added to the water-containing screen cake, and lime Stirring, mixing, and powdering or agglomerating. For this reason, limes are hydrated with the water in the screen so that hydroxide is generated and pulverized. The hydration reaction proceeds gently and over a long period of time due to the thickening action of the added polyhydric alcohol, and the pulverization proceeds in a stable state. Accordingly, limes can react uniformly and sufficiently with the moisture of the water-containing screen soot, and a solid fuel with good handleability can be obtained.

  In the method for producing a solid fuel from waste oil of the invention according to claim 2, since the addition amount of the polyhydric alcohol is set to 0.5 to 1.5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the hydrous screen, The thickening action of the polyhydric alcohol is sufficiently exhibited, and the effect of the invention according to claim 1 can be improved.

  In the method for producing a solid fuel from the waste oil of the invention according to claim 3, since the lime is quick lime or light burned dolomite, the quick lime or light burned dolomite has excellent reactivity with moisture in the water-containing screen cake, The effects of the invention according to claim 1 or claim 2 can be improved.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments that are considered to be the best of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
The method for producing solid fuel from waste oil according to the present embodiment separates waste oil into liquid fuel and a water-containing screen cake by at least filtering the waste oil, and then adds polyhydric alcohol to the water-containing screen cake and adds limes. Stirring, mixing, and pulverizing or agglomerating. As waste oil, in addition to waste edible oil, waste lubricant oil, waste vegetable oil and the like are used. Waste cooking oil is cooking oil discarded after being used for fried foods such as tempura in the food and beverage industry, food manufacturing industry or general households.

  The process of processing the waste oil to obtain a solid fuel will be described with reference to FIG. The waste oil is filtered 11 by passing through a screen, and is separated into a screen residue remaining on the screen and a liquid component that has passed through the screen. As the screen, a stainless steel net or the like having a mesh size of 100 to 500 μm is used.

  Subsequently, the liquid component is separated into two layers by the sedimentation separation process 12, that is, the liquid fuel that is the oil in the upper layer and the hydrous liquid that is the water in the lower layer. The hydrous liquid obtained by the sedimentation process 12 is mixed with the screen residue to form a viscous hydrous screen cake. Although the water content of the water-containing screen cake is not constant, it is usually 10 to 80% by mass, and preferably 40 to 60% by mass in order to achieve good powdering in the subsequent process. Therefore, it is desirable to adjust by adding water when the amount of water is insufficient, and by adding a water-containing screen soot with a small amount of water when the amount of water is excessive. When the moisture content of the water-containing screen cake is less than 10% by mass, the amount of moisture to which the added limes react is reduced, and the limes are likely to remain, and dust is generated due to the remaining limes. On the other hand, when it exceeds 80% by mass, the amount of lime added tends to be insufficient, and the product becomes sticky, which is not preferable.

  A polyhydric alcohol is added to the hydrous screen so as to suppress the hydration reaction between the limes and the water in the hydrous screen so as to maintain the hydration reaction and perform pulverization in a stable state. A polyhydric alcohol is an alcohol having two or more hydroxyl groups in one molecule, and is a compound showing a thickening action. Specifically, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethanolamine, propylene glycol and the like are used as the polyhydric alcohol, and among these, diethylene glycol and triethanolamine are preferable because of their excellent thickening action and versatility.

  The addition amount of the polyhydric alcohol is preferably 0.5 to 1.5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the hydrous screen. When the addition amount of the polyhydric alcohol is less than 0.5 parts by mass, the action of the polyhydric alcohol is not sufficiently exhibited, and it becomes difficult to perform pulverization in a stable state. On the other hand, when the addition amount of the polyhydric alcohol exceeds 1.5 parts by mass, the viscosity of the water-containing screen cake becomes high and the progress of the hydration reaction may be hindered.

  Subsequently, lime is added to the water-containing screen cake to which the polyhydric alcohol has been added, and stirring and mixing treatment 13 are performed. By adding such limes, the limes react with the moisture in the water-containing screen so that the limes become hydroxides and are finely powdered, and as a result, what can be used as a solid fuel is obtained. When limes are quick lime (CaO), it reacts with the moisture in the water-containing screen cake (digestion reaction) as shown in the following chemical formula (1) to form calcium hydroxide.

CaO + H ₂ O → Ca (OH) ₂ (1)
Further, lightly burned dolomite (CaO · MgO) as limes reacts as the following chemical formula (2) to become calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide. In addition, the reaction of the chemical formula (2) progresses slower than the reaction of the chemical formula (1).

CaO · MgO + 2H ₂ O → Ca (OH) ₂ + Mg (OH) ₂ (2)
The lime is not particularly limited as long as it reacts with the moisture in the water-containing screen cake and is pulverized, but quick lime or light-burned dolomite excellent in its action is preferable. Lime can be used 1 type or in combination of 2 or more types. Light-burned dolomite is obtained by firing dolomite [CaMg (CO ₃ ) ₂ ] at 1000 to 1200 ° C. Such limes are preferably in the form of a powder having a passage through a 3 mm sieve of 90% or more, and a powder having a passage through a 0.5 mm sieve of 90% or more in order to smoothly react with moisture in the water-containing screen cake. More preferably. Here, the passage amount of 3 mm sieve or the passage amount of 0.5 mm sieve means the amount (ratio) that passes through the sieve whose mesh opening (mesh) is 3 mm square or 0.5 mm square. When the particle size of lime (mesh opening) exceeds 3 mm, the reaction with water in the water-containing screen cake is delayed or non-uniform, which is not preferable.

  The amount of lime added is preferably 60 to 100 parts by mass, and more preferably 70 to 90 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the hydrous screen cake. When this addition amount is less than 60 parts by mass, lime that reacts with moisture in the water-containing screen cake is insufficient, and the water-containing screen cake is not sufficiently powdered. On the other hand, when the amount exceeds 100 parts by mass, excess limes that do not react with moisture in the water-containing screen cake remain, and dust is easily generated, which is not preferable.

  The stirring and mixing process 13 when the limes are added is performed so that the limes are well mixed in the water-containing screen so as to form a slurry. In order to rapidly form such a slurry, stirring and mixing are carried out for several tens of seconds with increasing stirring strength at room temperature. If the stirring strength is weak, it is difficult to form a uniform slurry, and stirring and mixing take time. After stirring and mixing, a powdered solid fuel is obtained. This powdery solid fuel can be used as a fuel by directly using a spraying facility or the like and charged into a combustion furnace. Further, the powder obtained after the stirring and mixing process 13 is subjected to a molding process 14 in a lump shape such as a columnar shape or a spherical shape using a molding machine such as a briquette machine, a disk pelleter, a compactor, etc. You can also

  Now, the operation of this embodiment will be described. The waste oil is subjected to a filtration process 11 to be separated into a liquid component and a screen residue, and the liquid component is subjected to a sedimentation separation process 12 to be separated into a liquid fuel and a water-containing liquid. Then, the screen residue and the water-containing liquid are mixed to form a water-containing screen bottle. After the polyhydric alcohol is added to and mixed with the water-containing screen cake, limes are added, and the mixture is stirred and mixed to obtain a powdered solid fuel. At this time, limes cause a hydration reaction with the moisture in the water-containing screen soot to form hydroxides, which are pulverized. The powder is mixed with the oil and residue (debris) constituting the water-containing screen so that dust is hardly generated and a fluid powder is generated. In the process, the hydration reaction is performed in a highly viscous state due to the thickening action of the polyhydric alcohol, and proceeds slowly and continuously for a long time. Accordingly, the hydration reaction proceeds sufficiently to form hydroxide fine powder, and a good powder as a solid fuel can be obtained based on the fine powder.

According to the embodiment described in detail above, the following effects are exhibited.
-In the manufacturing method of the solid fuel from the waste oil in this embodiment, while adding a polyhydric alcohol to the said water-containing screen cake, lime is added, it stirs and the mixing process 13 is performed, and it pulverizes. For this reason, the limes are hydrated with the moisture in the water-containing screen soot and pulverized, and the hydration reaction proceeds gently and over a long time with the added polyhydric alcohol, and the pulverization is stable. Done. Accordingly, the lime can react uniformly and sufficiently with the moisture of the water-containing screen soot, and a solid fuel with good handleability (handleability) can be obtained.

  In addition, harmful gases such as hydrogen chloride and sulfurous acid gas generated when the solid fuel is burned are fixed by reacting alkali components such as calcium and magnesium contained in limes. Therefore, such harmful gas can be rendered harmless.

  In addition, by setting the addition amount of the polyhydric alcohol to 0.5 to 1.5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the water-containing screen cake, the thickening action of the polyhydric alcohol is sufficiently exhibited, The effect can be improved.

  -Furthermore, since limes are quick lime or light-burned dolomite, these quick lime or light-burned dolomite is excellent in the reactivity with the water | moisture content in a water-containing screen cake, and can improve said effect.

Hereinafter, the embodiment will be described more specifically with reference to examples.
First, a water-containing screen koji was prepared from waste cooking oil as follows.
The waste edible oil was passed through a grid-like screen (mesh spacing is 0.15 mm) and subjected to a filtration treatment 11 to separate the liquid component and the screen residue. Subsequently, the liquid component was allowed to stand, and then separated into liquid fuel and hydrated liquid by sedimentation separation treatment 12. The separated hydrous liquid was added to the screen residue to prepare a hydrous screen cake.

Here, the water-containing screen 滓 A has a ratio of residue: oil: water (mass ratio) = 1: 4: 5. The hydrous screen 滓 B has a ratio of residue: oil: water (mass ratio) = 3: 3: 4.
(Examples 1-6)
100 parts by mass of the water-containing screen 水 A was accommodated in a reaction vessel, and 1 part by mass of diethylene glycol was added thereto as a polyhydric alcohol. Furthermore, quick lime or lightly burnt dolomite was added as lime in the amount shown in Table 1, and the mixture was vigorously stirred for 20 seconds so as to obtain a slurry in which the lime and the water-containing screen 良 く A were well mixed, and allowed to stand. After being left for a while, the hydration reaction started and steam was generated. After the generation of steam was completed, the product was taken out of the reaction vessel after being cooled, and the state of pulverization was visually observed, and the quality was evaluated according to the following criteria. In Example 5, as the lime, a mixture having a mass ratio of quick lime and light-burned dolomite of 1: 1 was used.

  ◎: Dust is not generated and has excellent fluidity, ○: Dust is not generated and has good fluidity, Δ: Dust is slightly generated but has good fluidity, ×: Powder It is sticky and unsuitable as a solid fuel.

  The results are shown in Table 1.

実施例１〜６では、放置後３〜５分で水和反応が始まり、蒸気が発生した。その蒸気の発生が約２分間続いた。

In Examples 1 to 6, the hydration reaction started 3 to 5 minutes after standing, and steam was generated. The vapor generation lasted for about 2 minutes.

As shown in Table 1, in each of Examples 1 to 6, a solid fuel with good fluidity could be obtained. In Example 4, since the amount of quicklime added was a little large, some dust was generated, but there was no problem.
(Example 7)
The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that 70 parts by mass of powdered quicklime that passed through a sieve having a mesh size of 0.5 mm was used. And the product was taken out from the reaction container and the state of pulverization was observed visually. As a result, the pulverized state of the water-containing screen was free of dust and fluidity was good (◯). Since the water-containing screen 滓 B has a larger proportion of the residue than the water-containing screen 滓 A, the product is likely to become more powdery.
(Comparative Example 1)
In Example 6, it carried out similarly to Example 6 except not having added diethylene glycol to the water-containing screen 滓 A. As a result, the hydration reaction started after 1 minute, and it reacted vigorously and the generation of steam was completed in about 30 seconds. The obtained powder was sticky and was inappropriate as a solid fuel (×).

It should be noted that the embodiment described above can be modified and embodied as follows.
-A polyhydric alcohol and limes can be simultaneously added to a water-containing screen cake, and stirring and mixing process 13 can also be performed.

-It is also possible to add lime and pulverize without mixing the water-containing liquid into the screen residue. In that case, the screen residue becomes a water-containing screen cake.
The filtration process 11 and the sedimentation process 12 can be repeated a plurality of times.

Next, the technical idea that can be grasped from the embodiment will be described below.
4. The production of solid fuel from waste oil according to claim 1, wherein the lime is in the form of a powder having a mesh passage of 3 mm and passing through a sieve having a mesh size of 90% or more. Method. According to this manufacturing method, in addition to the effects of the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the reaction between limes and moisture in the water-containing screen can be performed sufficiently and uniformly.

  The amount of the lime added is 60 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the water-containing screen cake. The solid fuel from waste oil according to any one of claims 1 to 3. Manufacturing method. According to this manufacturing method, in addition to the effect of the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the water-containing screen cake can be sufficiently pulverized.

  The method for producing solid fuel from waste oil according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the waste oil is waste edible oil. According to this manufacturing method, the effect of the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3 can be effectively exhibited for waste cooking oil.

Explanatory drawing which shows the flow regarding the manufacturing process of the solid fuel from the waste oil in embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

  11: Filtration treatment.

Claims (3)

After separating the waste oil into liquid fuel and water-containing screen cake by filtering the waste oil, polyhydric alcohol is added to the water-containing screen cake, and limes are added and stirred, mixed, powdered or agglomerated. A method for producing solid fuel from waste oil. 2. The method for producing solid fuel from waste oil according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the polyhydric alcohol added is 0.5 to 1.5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the hydrous screen cake. The method for producing solid fuel from waste oil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lime is quick lime or lightly burned dolomite.

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