JP2007069268A - Throwaway tool - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To use a throwaway tip constituting a cutting blade without waste in order to enhance economic effects of a throwaway tool while simultaneously achieving the improvement of strength of a cutting blade applied with a large load. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of tip seats 2<SB>-1</SB>to 2<SB>-3</SB>are provided to the outer periphery of a tool body 1. The throwaway tips 3 having the same specifications as the tip seat are respectively mounted to the tip seats 2<SB>-1</SB>to 2<SB>-3</SB>into different postures. The throwaway tips 3 are designed so as to be mounted mixedly in the horizontal arrangement and the vertical arrangement. The cutting blade is respectively formed with the ridgelines of the mutually different positions of the throwaway tip 3 mounted to each tip seat. Consequently, it is possible to machine different parts of a workpiece with the cutting blade of each throwaway tip. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a throw-away tool that employs a throw-away tip used as a cutting tool for chamfering a metal inside or machining a valve seat surface. More specifically, the present invention relates to a throw-away type tool that enables efficient use of a throw-away tip constituting a cutting edge and enhances an economic effect.

  Among known throw-away type rolling tools, there are those disclosed in the following Patent Documents 1 and 2. Each of the tools disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 is a valve seat cutter that processes a valve seat surface on an opening edge of a valve hole provided in an engine cylinder head or the like, and is a cutting tool that processes the valve seat surface. A triangular throw-away tip is used.

  In the tools of Patent Documents 1 and 2 adopting a triangular throw-away tip, if a negative tip is used, it is possible to change corners and use six corners as cutting edges. Both the radial rake and the axial rake have a negative angle, and therefore, the cutting resistance increases, the temperature rise of the cutting edge due to the cutting heat becomes remarkable, and the life of the cutting edge is shortened. In addition, so-called messy or the like is generated on the processed surface of the workpiece, and the surface roughness and dimensional accuracy of the processed surface tend to be reduced.

In order to avoid this problem, a positive tip is required. However, since the triangular positive tip has three corners that can be used, the ratio of the tool cost to the machining cost increases, which is economically disadvantageous.
JP 2003-25120 A JP 2003-225811 A

  In order to increase the economic effect of the throw-away tool, the present invention enables the use of the throw-away tip constituting the cutting edge without waste, and further improves the strength of the cutting edge with a large load at the same time. The challenge is to do.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, in the present invention, a plurality of tip seats provided on the outer periphery of the tool body are mounted in different postures with the same throw-away tip of the same specification, and the horizontal placement and vertical placement of the tips are arranged. Designed to be mixed and fitted. Further, the ridge line portions at different positions of the throw-away tip mounted on each tip seat form a cutting edge, respectively, and a different part of the workpiece is machined by the cutting edge of each throw-away tip.

  The horizontal placement here refers to placement in a posture in which the cutting load acts in the thickness direction with respect to the throw-away tip. Further, the vertical arrangement means an arrangement in a posture in which the cutting load acts in the direction perpendicular to the thickness with respect to the throw-away tip.

As a preferred configuration of this throw-away tool, a tool in which a tip seat is formed so that at least three or more different throw-away tips can be mounted in different postures can be considered. In addition, as another preferable configuration,
A tip seat for mounting the throwaway tip in a posture in which the side face is a rake face, and the ridge line between the first or second face and the side face is a first cutting edge;
The side face is a rake face, the ridge line between the side face that becomes the rake face and the side face adjacent to the side face, and the ridge line between the first or second face and the side face is attached in a posture that becomes the second cutting edge. The chip seat,
The first or second surface is a rake surface, and a chip seat is mounted in a posture in which a ridgeline between the surface and the side surface that becomes the rake surface becomes a cutting edge,
A polygonal negative tip having a side surface perpendicular to each side of the first surface and the second surface of the polygon parallel to each other and each side of the first surface and the second surface, more preferably A structure in which a diamond-shaped negative chip is mounted is conceivable.

  Each tip seat preferably holds the throw-away tip in a posture in which the radial rake of the cutting edge formed by the ridgeline of the tip is negative and the axial rake is positive.

  In the present invention, the tool body is provided with a plurality of tip seats for mounting the throwaway tips of the same specification in different postures, and the ridge line portions at different positions of the tips attached to the tip seats are used as cutting blades, respectively. Therefore, for example, when it is assumed that three chip seats are provided, the throw-away tip mounted on the first chip seat and using the first corner is moved to the second chip seat, and the chip An unused second corner can be used. Similarly, an unused third corner can be used by moving the throw-away tip attached to the second tip seat and using the second corner to the third tip seat. Thus, since each corner can be used without rotation by rotation, the tool cost is reduced and the economic effect is enhanced.

  In addition, since the thickness of the throw-away tip is specified, the strength may be insufficient when used in the horizontal arrangement disclosed in the aforementioned Patent Documents 1 and 2, but the tool of the present invention is Since the horizontal placement and the vertical placement are combined, it is possible to improve the strength of the tool, improve the stability of the processing, and to improve the processing stability by adopting a configuration in which processing of the part where the load becomes large is performed with the vertically placed tip. Improvements in machining accuracy can be expected.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7 of the accompanying drawings. The illustrated throw-away tool is obtained by applying the present invention to a valve seat machining tool (valve seat cutter). In this valve seat processing tool, three tip seats 2 ₋₁ , 2 ₋₂ , 2 ₋₃ (additional symbols of ₋₁ to ₋₃ are attached for convenience. The same applies to the following) on the outer periphery of the tip of the tool body 1. circumferentially spaced, each tip seat 2 _-1 to 2 _-3, the same specifications of the chip, i.e., shape, size is configured by mounting the same indexable insert 3.

  In the figure, 4 is a chip discharge pocket attached to each chip seat. The chip discharge pocket 4 is preferably formed in a shape as shown in the figure, so that the chip can be made compact and excellent in chip discharge performance. If the pocket surface on the rear side of the chip discharge pocket 4 is formed by combining multiple curved surfaces to create a wave (unevenness) on the pocket surface, it also functions as a chip breaker and improves chip disposal performance. To do.

Throw-away tip 3, as shown in FIG. 10, the first surface 3a and the second surface 3b parallel to each other, and four side surfaces _3c -1 _{~3c -4} together perpendicularly intersects the respective sides of the faces It is a diamond-shaped negative chip equipped with. The throw-away tip 3 has a mounting hole 3d at the center. The first and second surfaces 3a and 3b are common surfaces.

The tip seat _2-1 is mounted with the throw-away tip 3 placed in a vertical position. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, for this tip seat _{2 -1,} throw-away tip 3, for example, the second surface 3b and the side surface _{3c -3} is supported on the seat surface, the side surface _{3c -1} The rake face, the first face 3a is the flank face, and the ridgeline between the side face 3c- ₁ and the first face 3a is mounted in such a posture as to be the first cutting edge _5-1 . Incidentally, the cutting insert 3 of the first cutting edge 5 _-1 is to be attached to the tool main body 1 is clamped by the clamp screw 6.

The tip seat _{2-2 is} also mounted with the throw-away tip 3 placed vertically. As shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, for this tip seat _{2 -2,} throw-away tip 3, for example, the second surface 3b and the side surface _{3c -2} is supported on the seat surface, the side surface _{3c -4} The rake face, the first face 3a is the flank face, the ridge line between the side face 3c- ₁ and the side face 3c- _4, and the ridge line between the side face 3c- ₄ and the first face 3a are the second cutting edges 5. _-2 in the posture. The throw-away tip 3 constituting the second cutting edge _5-2 is also clamped by the clamp screw 6 and attached to the tool body 1.

Tip seat 2 _-3, are those to be mounted in the horizontal position the throw-away tip 3. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, for this tip seat 2 _-3, throw-away tip 3, for example, the first surface 3a and the side surface 3c _-3 is supported on the seat surface, a second surface 3b is a rake face, side face 3c- ₁ is a flank face, and the ridgeline between the second face 3b and side face 3c- ₁ is the third cutting edge _5-3 . May be transferred to a tip seat 2 _-3 chips used by attaching the tip seats _2-2 in different directions, as shown in FIG. 8, the chips used by being mounted to the tip seat 2 _-1 90 ° rotate may be transferred to the tip seat 2 _-3.

  In this way, if the chip mounted on each chip seat is used and moved to another chip seat while changing the posture, the corners of the same throw-away chip can be used without waste. And economic loss is reduced. In addition, some inserts are placed vertically, and the inserts placed vertically can withstand high loads. It can also be improved.

Incidentally, the throw-away tip 3 of the third cutting edge 5 _-3 to mount the tool body 1 by using a presser foot 7a, the clamping means 7 consisting of a screw 7b tightening propel the presser foot 7a I have to.

Behind the cutting insert 3 of the third cutting edge 5 _-3, edge position adjusting mechanism 8 is provided as necessary. The illustrated blade edge position adjusting mechanism 8 includes an adjusting screw 8a (the so-called W screw in the figure) and a wedge-shaped piece 8b. When the adjustment screw 8a is operated to propel the piece 8b, the position of the position reference plane provided on the piece 8b is displaced in the axial direction of the tool. The throw-away tip 3 disposed in front of the position reference plane is positioned to finely adjust the position of the third cutting edge _{5-3 in} the tool axis direction. This adjustment mechanism is a well-known mechanism, and a mechanism having a different structure may be employed. The piece 8b is preferably fixed by clamping means 7A similar to the clamping means 7 for fixing the throw-away tip 3 after adjustment in order to prevent loosening.

The first to third cutting edges 5 ₋₁ , 5 ₋₂ , and 5 ₋₃ formed by different ridge lines of the throw-away tip 3 are all negative in the radial rake γf (see FIG. 3), and the axial rake γp. (See FIG. 2) is mounted in a direction that makes a positive angle. This structure with the so-called negative positive arrangement of cutting edges is known to reduce the cutting load by making the axial rake positive, and to extend the tool life by making the radial rake negative, This is a preferred arrangement.

  In the figure, 9 is a bearing concentrically attached to the tool body 1. A reamer (not shown) that rotates coaxially with the tool body 1 is passed through the bearing 9, and the reamer is supported by the bearing 9 to finish a stem hole provided in the workpiece.

Cutting the first to third cutting edges 5 _{-1 to} 5 _-3 when machining the opening edge of the valve hole provided in the workpiece W (cylinder head of the engine unit) using the exemplified valve seat machining tool. The burden area is shown in FIG. As can be seen, the first cutting edge 5 _-1, the valve seat surface, a third cutting edge 5 _-3 machining the tapered surface of the inner part of the valve seat surface, respectively. Further, the second cutting edge _5-2 processes a surplus portion at the entrance of the valve hole. In the region where the second cutting edge _5-2 is processed, since the workpiece W uses an aluminum alloy, the sintered alloy and aluminum are often cut together. In this case, chips are broken. There is a tendency to grow longer. To address that problem, the illustrated tool, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 7, the chip discharge pockets 4 provided in a portion of the second cutting edge 5 _-2 plurality of parallel arrangement the rear side surface The shape and size of the chip discharge pocket 4 are as follows: You can set it freely.

  Although the above description has been given by taking a tool for processing the valve seat surface as an example, the present invention attaches a plurality of throw-away inserts to the outer periphery of the tool body and shares the work area with the inserts. Any type of cutting tool can be used.

Side view showing an example of the throw-away tool of the present invention 1 is a view in the direction of arrow A of the tool of FIG. Front view of the main part of the tool in FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the tool of FIG. The perspective view which changed the viewpoint of the tool of FIG. The perspective view which changed the viewpoint further of the tool of FIG. A figure showing an example of changing the throw-away tip The figure which shows the other example of the change of the throwaway tip Sectional view of valve seat surface processed with first to third cutting edges 1 is a perspective view of a throw-away tip attached to the tool of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tool body 2 _-1 -2 _-3 Tip seat 3 Throw away tip 3a 1st surface 3b 2nd surface 3c- ₁ -3c _-4 side 3d Mounting hole 4 Chip discharge pocket 5 _-1 1st cutting edge 5 _-2 secondary edge _{5 -3} third cutting edge 6 clamp screw 7,7A clamping means 7a presser foot 7b clamping screw 8 edge position adjusting mechanism 8a adjustment screw 8b wedge piece 9 bearing

Claims (5)

  The tool body (1) has a plurality of chip seats (2), each chip seat (2) is mounted with a throw-away chip (3) of the same specification in a different posture, and the chip is placed horizontally. And ridge lines at different positions of the throw-away tip (3) attached to each tip seat (2) form a cutting edge (5), respectively. A throwaway tool configured to machine different parts of a workpiece with the cutting edge of a throwaway tip.   The throw-away tool according to claim 1, wherein the tip seat (2) is formed such that at least three or more different throw-away tips (3) are attached in different postures. Side surface (3c) where each throw-away tip (3) intersects perpendicularly with each side of the polygonal first surface (3a) and second surface (3b) parallel to each other and the first surface and the second surface This is a polygonal negative tip with the throwaway tip (3)
The side surface (3c) is a rake face, the first or second surface (3a, 3b) is a relief surface, and the ridge line between the side surface (3c) and the first or second surface (3a, 3b) is the first A tip seat (2 _-1 ) to be mounted in a posture to be a cutting edge (5 _-1 );
Side face (3c) is rake face, first or second face (3a, 3b) is flank face, ridge line between adjacent side faces (3c, 3c) and side face (3c) and first or second face (3a, 3b) a second tip seat which ridgeline between the mounting in the attitude of the second cutting edge _(5-2) and _(2-2),
The first or second surface (3a, 3b) is a rake surface, the side surface (3c) is a relief surface, and the ridge line between the first or second surface (3a, 3b) and the side surface (3c) is a third surface. indexable tool according to claim 1 or 2 blades _(5-3) and a posture to be mounted tip seat (2 _-3) with each cut.   The throwaway tool according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a diamond-shaped negative tip is adopted as the throwaway tip (3).   Each tip seat (2) is configured to hold the throw-away tip (3) in such a posture that the radial rake of the cutting edge (5) formed by the ridgeline of the tip is negative and the axial rake is positive. The throw-away tool according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

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