JP2007063979A - Energization switchover mechanism and metal fittings used for it - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an energization switchover mechanism by a simple structure and metal fittings used for it, which can obtain a semi-automatic horizontal sliding door, a furniture drawer, etc. that an automatically closed. <P>SOLUTION: In two structural bodies making sliding movements relative to each other, the first structural body B1 is provided with a sliding piece K sliding along a sliding component S by energization given to it, a hook H pivotally supported by the sliding piece K, and a sliding contact surface T where an engagement arm Ha of the hook H slides in contact with it. The second structural body B2 has a sliding contact surface U where the other engagement arm Hb slides in contact with it. By this, it is possible to stably obtain a function to give energization between the two structural bodies in a state that, while the sliding piece stably slides along the sliding component, the first engagement arm slides along the first sliding contact surface in contact with it, and the second energization-given engagement arm is stopped by the end of the second sliding contact surface. When a roller-shaped engagement pin is used, the pin can reduce resistance generated during the time of switching the energization. As a result, this simple structure can obtain a semi-automatic horizontal sliding door that can be automatically closed after it has been closed to a certain point from a full-open state. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention is a simple and stable bias switching structure suitable for realizing a sliding door or drawer that automatically closes (or opens), and a bias switching metal fitting that can be easily mounted on a sliding door, drawer, window, or the like. About.

  Traditionally, sliding doors such as double doors have been used for Japanese houses and Japanese-style furniture, but sliding doors are overwhelmingly preferred. A door-type hinged door has a metal fitting called a door check or door closer, and when it is attached to the top of the door, the door automatically and quietly closes. As a result, it is not left open or beaten by wind or the like.

  A simple means for providing a spring between the sliding door and the door frame is conceivable. However, in this case, there is a problem that the unidirectional urging is applied over the entire moving range of the sliding door and the sliding door cannot be opened. For example, it is convenient if it can be kept open if it is opened a certain distance or more, and conversely if it is closed halfway, it will automatically close tightly thereafter. In drawing, it is possible to keep it open if it is pulled beyond a certain distance. On the contrary, if it is pushed halfway, it is convenient if it is automatically drawn after that.

The inventor of the present invention invented an urging switching structure suitable for such a use, and proposed a sliding door using the structure together with the switching structure in Patent Document 1. That is, a hook having two locking arms is rotatably arranged between two sliding structures such as a sliding door and a door frame, and the hook is rotated according to the sliding position of the sliding door. Alternatively, it can be switched between a biased state and a non-biased state by a spring interposed between the door frame and the pivot shaft of the hook.
JP2001-027074

  In the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, there was a problem in the stability of the hook that is urged and slid in practice. If an end such as a spring is directly attached to the shaft on which the hook rotates, the operation is relatively stable in the range where the biasing force is weak, but if the biasing force is increased or the sliding distance is increased, the hook Tilted, easily removed from the locking part, and unstable. This is because, in principle, a rotational force is applied to the hook in a direction away from the locking portion by the urging force.

  In addition, in Patent Document 1 described above, as an example of the embodiment, a joinery fitting provided with a guide groove on a substrate and employing a “T” -shaped hook is introduced. As described in the same document, a semi-automatic sliding door can be stably realized with this “T” -shaped hook. However, in this case, when the “T” -shaped hook is locked to the guide groove locking portion, the “T” -shaped hook exerts a relatively strong rotational force in the direction of being released from the locking portion by the spring.

  Due to the component force of this rotational force, a force acts in the direction of separating the two structures (sliding door and door frame). For this reason, for example, when this metal fitting is attached to the lower part of the sliding door, a force in a direction to lift is applied to the sliding door, and the sliding door is lifted when the biasing force is strong or the sliding door is light. Even if it is not lifted, the locking arm of the “T” -shaped hook is strongly pressed against the door frame or the like, and the sliding of the locking arm is caused by the sliding movement of the sliding door, so that it is difficult to open and close. In addition, the V-shaped hook is easily caught by the engaging portion at the time of switching, and is resistant to sliding by hand.

  The present invention follows the principle of the bias switching structure introduced in Patent Document 1 and employs a sliding piece that stably attaches a hook or a locking pin and a sliding portion that stabilizes the operation of the sliding piece. Review the structure, such as suppressing the rotational force, and the bias switching structure that is stable when applied to sliding doors and drawers, and realizes smooth movement of automatic closing sliding doors and automatic pulling drawers, and manufacturing is easy and construction It is an object of the present invention to provide a bias switching metal fitting that is easy to perform.

  In order to achieve the above object, the bias switching structure of the present invention has a sliding portion and a sliding portion on the side of the first structure facing the second structure of the two structures that slide relatively. A sliding piece that is urged against the first structure along the moving portion and slides; a hook that is pivotally supported by the sliding piece on the side opposite to the urging direction; A first sliding contact surface with which the first locking arm is slidably contacted is provided, and a second sliding contact surface with which the second locking arm of the hook is slidably contacted is provided on the side of the second structure facing the first structure. With this structure, when the first locking arm is locked to the end portion of the first sliding contact surface and the second locking arm is in sliding contact with the second sliding contact surface, the second structure body is relative to the first structure body. The first locking arm is in sliding contact with the first sliding contact surface, and the biased second locking arm is locked at the end of the second sliding contact surface. In the state, the second structure is biased with respect to the first structure (biased state). As a result, the state is switched between a non-biased state and a biased state depending on the relative positions of the two structures that slide relative to each other.

  The urging switch fitting of the present invention includes a sliding portion, a sliding piece that is urged and slid along the sliding portion, and a shaft support that is rotatable on the side opposite to the urging direction of the sliding piece. And a sliding contact surface on which the first locking arm of the hook slides. This biasing switch fitting is in a non-biased state in which the first locking arm of the hook is locked to the sliding contact surface end and the second locking arm is accommodated in the sliding part according to the position of the sliding piece. Then, the first locking arm is slidably contacted with the sliding contact surface, and the biased second locking arm is switched to the biased state protruding from the sliding portion. In order to stabilize the locked state and reduce friction during sliding contact, the angle formed by the outer edges of the first locking arm and the second locking arm of the hook is preferably 90 degrees or more. As the shape of the sliding portion, a cylindrical shape, a slit shape, a rail shape, or the like can be used.

  The other bias switching structure of the present invention is applicable to two structures that slide relative to each other, and on the side of the first structure facing the second structure, a sliding portion, A sliding piece that is urged against the first structure along the sliding portion, a hook that is pivotally supported by the sliding piece so as to be swingable in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction, A first sliding contact surface with which the first locking arm slides, and a second sliding contact surface with which the second locking arm of the hook slides on the side of the second structure facing the first structure; The two structures slide in sliding contact with each other on the sliding contact surface. Also in this case, in accordance with the relative positions of the two structural bodies, the second structure is connected to the first structural body in a state where the locking pin is locked to the end of the first sliding contact surface and is in sliding contact with the second sliding contact surface. In a state where the second pin is not biased (non-biased) and the locking pin is in sliding contact with the first sliding contact surface and locked to the end of the second sliding contact surface, the second structure is the first structure. Is energized (energized state). Instead of the hook, a locking pin provided on the sliding piece with a shaft that can swing in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction may be used. The sliding piece itself on which the locking pin is pivotally supported may be accommodated so as to be able to swing within the sliding portion. The locking pin is preferably a rotatable roller.

  The other urging switching bracket of the present invention includes a sliding portion, a sliding contact surface, a sliding piece that is urged and slid along the sliding portion, and a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the sliding piece. And a hook or a locking pin that is pivotally supported by the shaft and a sliding plate that slides in contact with the sliding contact surface. Therefore, according to the position of the sliding plate, the hook or the locking pin is locked to the end of the sliding contact surface and the sliding plate is not biased. The state is switched to a biased state in which the sliding plate is latched and biased.

  The bias switching structure of the present invention employs a biased sliding piece, a hook that is pivotally supported by the sliding piece, and a sliding portion on which the sliding piece slides. The state is switched, and the two structures that slide relatively are switched between a biased state (biased state) and a non-biased state (non-biased state). The sliding movement of the sliding piece on this sliding part stabilizes the movement of the hook, and even if the sliding distance is long, the sliding doors and drawers that are opened at a certain distance from the fully closed position are fully closed. An automatic closing sliding door or an automatic pulling drawer that can automatically and stably close to the position can be realized. Even if the urging force is increased, the hook does not come off the structure, there is almost no force to separate the two structures, and the sliding door does not lift. Sliding doors can move smoothly because there is less friction at the sliding contact part.

  In the urging switching fitting employing this urging switching structure, the second locking arm of the hook is urged when protruding from the urging switching fitting, and is locked when housed in the urging switching fitting. . By attaching this biasing switch bracket to a structure such as a sliding door, window, drawer, etc., a sliding door that is opened at a certain distance from the fully closed position, an automatic closing sliding door that automatically closes the drawer to the fully closed position, Automatic withdrawal can be performed. The bias switching fitting according to the present invention can be manufactured in a small size with a simple structure, and can be applied not only to sliding doors, windows, and drawers, but also to other devices having a plurality of relatively sliding structures.

  By adopting the sliding piece, it is possible to employ a shaft that can swing in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction. In a structure using a swingable shaft, a locking pin can be used instead of the hook. In the bias switching metal fitting that employs this structure, it is possible to reduce the resistance particularly when switching between bias and non-bias. The urging switching structure and the urging switching bracket that employs the locking pin can be manufactured in a small size with a simple structure similar to the structure and bracket of the present invention that employs a hook. The present invention can also be applied to other devices having a plurality of sliding structures.

The bias switching structure of the present invention can be applied to two structures that slide relatively. That is, in the bias switching structure of the present invention (FIG. 1a), the first structure B1 has a sliding portion S on which the sliding piece K biased in the R direction slides relative to the first structure B1. In addition, a hook H having a first locking arm Ha and a second locking arm Hb is pivotally supported on the sliding piece K so as to be rotatable. The first structure B1, there is a first sliding contact face T further having a first sliding surface end portion T _1, the first locking arm Ha is sliding contact. The second structure B2 is equipped with a second sliding contact face U having a second sliding surface end portion U _1, second locking arm Hb is in sliding contact.

According to the positional relationship between the two structural bodies B1 and B2 that slide relatively, the hook H is in contact with the first locking arm Ha and the second locking arm Hb is in second sliding contact. the surface end portion locked with energized to U ₁ (FIG. 1a), the first locking arm Ha is engaged with the first sliding contact surface end portion T _1, and the second locking arm Hb second The slidable contact surface U is switched to a non-biased state (FIG. 1b). In energized (a), the second locking arm Hb is the second structure B2 because it is locked to the second sliding contact surface end portion U ₁ biased in the R direction with respect to the first structure B1 Is done.

1 When (left or B1) to slide the B2 to the right against the biasing force at (a), first locking arms Ha hook H is reached the first sliding surface end portion T ₁ The hook H rotates counterclockwise and switches to the non-biased state (b). In this non-biased state, the first locking arm Ha is engaged with the first sliding contact surface end portion T _1, the second locking arm Hb second structure will only sliding contact with the second sliding surface U The body B2 is not biased against the first structure B1. That is, in this state, regardless of whether the sliding piece K is urged against the first structure B1, the urging force is not applied between the two structures, and the two structures are relative to each other unless an external force is applied. The position does not change. Since the hook H is pivotally supported by the sliding piece K that slides stably on the sliding portion S, one locking arm is locked to the end of the sliding contact surface and the other locking arm is the sliding contact surface. The state in which the sliding contact state is stably maintained and the operation to switch to the opposite state is ensured.

  The bias switching structure of the present invention described above includes the sliding portion S, the sliding piece K, and the hook H in the first structure B1. Therefore, the bias switching structure of the present invention can also be illustrated as shown in FIG. 1 (c), and the description of the operation in this case is exactly the same as the description of FIGS. 1 (a) and 1 (b). It can be said that the bias switching metal fitting of the present invention described below is a summary of elements to be provided in the first structure.

  The bias switching structure of the present invention can be easily implemented by employing the bias switching fitting of the present invention described below. The urging switching structure of the present invention will be described in more detail according to an embodiment in which the urging switching metal fitting according to the present invention is applied to a sliding door. Of course, it can also be implemented by mounting and constructing the structure. Further, it is generally applicable to two structures that slide relatively, such as drawers, windows, and the like, other than sliding doors.

  An example of the embodiment of the bias switching metal fitting according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The sliding piece K (FIG. 2b) on which the hook H is pivotally supported is regulated by the inner wall of the long cylindrical sliding portion S (FIG. 2a) and slides in the longitudinal direction. The hook H (FIG. 2c) has two locking arms Ha and Hb, is “V” -shaped, and is approximately 90 with the sliding piece K opened to the opposite side to the urging direction R of the sliding piece. The sliding piece K is accommodated in the sliding portion S (FIG. 2d). The cross-sectional shape of the sliding portion S is a rectangle close to a square in FIG. 2, but is not limited to a rectangle, and a round shape (a) or a triangle can be adopted as shown in FIG. 3, and the vertically long (b), (c), A horizontally long and wide hook (d) can also be adopted as appropriate.

  The sliding piece K has a cross-section close to the internal space of the sliding portion S so that the sliding piece K can slide smoothly in contact with the inside of the sliding portion S, and the sliding direction of the sliding piece K The length is determined as appropriate including the shaft support portion Ks of the hook H and the connecting portion of the urging means. In general, the length is preferably as long as possible within a slidable range in order to make sliding smooth. As long as the sliding piece K slides smoothly on the sliding portion, it may have a plate shape, a frame shape, or a combination thereof in addition to the block shape as shown in the figure. For the sliding contact portion of the sliding piece K to the sliding portion S, a material with a low friction such as a fluororesin or a coating film can be adopted or a small roller can be provided for smooth sliding.

  For example, one end of a tension spring is attached to the sliding piece K, and the sliding piece K is urged in the R direction opposite to the side on which the hook H rotates. The other end of the spring is fixed in the sliding portion S or at an appropriate position of the bias switching metal fitting 10. A lower slit 12 having a length that covers almost the entire movable range of the sliding piece K is provided at the lower portion of the sliding portion S, and the second locking arm Hb passes through the lower slit 12 to the outside of the bias switching metal fitting 10. Protrusively. In the upper part of the sliding part S, an upper slit 11 having the length of the locking arm is provided at a position opposite to the biasing direction of the sliding frame K, and the first locking arm Ha is inserted therethrough. The assembled urging switch 10 is as shown in FIG. 2D (the urging means is not shown). The movable range (stroke) of the sliding piece is appropriately designed in consideration of the purpose of use, the performance of the spring, and the like.

In the biased state, the bias switching metal fitting 10 protrudes from the lower slit 12 of the sliding portion S, and is slidable while being biased in the R direction (FIG. 4b). At this time, the first locking arm Ha is in sliding contact with the first sliding contact surface T inside the upper portion of the sliding portion S. The protruding second locking arm Hb is moved to the right in FIG. 4 against the urging force R, and the first locking arm Ha is the sliding contact surface end T ₁ (the left end of the upper slit 11). 4A, the hook H rotates as shown in FIG. 4A, the protruding second locking arm Hb retracts, and the first locking arm Ha retracted into the sliding portion protrudes and comes into contact with the sliding contact surface end. locked sliding piece K in part T ₁ is in a non-energized state. At this time, since the second locking arm Hb has a light rotational force acting in a direction to protrude from the sliding portion S due to the biasing force, the second locking arm Hb protrudes from the sliding portion S when the hand is released. The sliding piece K is biased and moves in the biasing direction R (again, FIG. 4b).

For example, in order to construct the bias switching fitting 10 on a sliding door, the sill side sliding contact surface U is used as the sill of the mating door frame G as shown in FIG. a surface end portion U _1, attaching the second locking arm Hb that protrudes from a lower portion of the biasing switch bracket 10 while inserted into the recess 13, the biasing switch bracket 10 to the sliding door D side. When the positional relationship in which the bias switching fitting 10 is attached to the sliding door D is in the biased state (FIG. 5b), the protruding second locking arm Hb is biased, and the sliding door D enters the biased state. Closed. When the sliding door D is manually released from the closed state, the sliding door D is automatically returned and closed by the urging force in the R direction (FIG. 5b: the urging switch fitting 10 is FIG. 4b).

When the sliding door D is opened against the biasing force R from the closed state (biased state: FIG. 5b), the first locking arm Ha slides on the inner surface of the sliding portion S, and the first locking arm. There hook H when it reaches the upper slit (sliding surface end portions T ₁₎ the first locking arm Ha is engaged with the sliding contact surface end portion T ₁ rotates. The second locking arm Hb protruding at the same time is retracted into the sliding portion S and escapes from the recess 13. In this non-biased state (FIG. 5a: the urging switch fitting is FIG. 4a), the second locking arm Hb slidably contacts the slidable contact surface U, and the urging force is not applied to the sliding door D. In this non-energized state, the sliding door does not move by itself.

Conversely, open state (FIG. 5a: In this case, the biasing force does not work) As you closed manually from a certain position (second locking arm Hb reaches the threshold side sliding surface end U ₁ Beyond position) for biasing the second locking arm Hb from the biasing switch bracket 10 protrudes to lock the sill side sliding surface end U ₁ enters the recess 13, the sliding door D in the closing direction R When it is released, it automatically closes (again, FIG. 5b).

It is not always necessary to provide the recess 13 on the sill side. As shown in FIGS. 5C and 5D, if the slide plate 14 is provided on the sill side as the sill side sliding contact surface U, the slide plate 14 is provided. figure right shoulder has a function of threshold-side sliding surface end U _1.

  The attachment position of the urging switch fitting 10 is not limited to the above example, and it can be attached to the upper part of the sliding door (FIG. 6a), the upper part of the door frame (FIG. 6b), or the lower part of the door frame. In any example, the concave portion 13 and the slide plate may be provided on the mating side on the side where the bias switching metal fitting 10 is attached. FIG. 6 shows a non-biased state. When the sliding door D is slid and the second locking arm Hb of the urging switching fitting falls into the recess 13 and is locked, the sliding door is urged and moves.

  Further, the bias switching metal fitting 10 can be applied to a door or window that slides vertically instead of the sliding door. In the case of a door or window that slides vertically, the weight of the door or window is automatically closed when there is no urging force, so the urging force does not work in the closed state, and when it is lifted a certain distance, the urging force is applied in the opening direction, Application corresponding to the need to be able to raise it to full open is possible (FIG. 6c).

  Furthermore, if attached to the drawer 15 or the like (FIG. 6d), the drawer 15 can be closed tightly when the drawer 15 is closed halfway. This mechanism does not prevent all the drawers from being pulled out of the frame. When the drawer is reinserted into the frame, it may be reinserted in a state where the second locking arm is accommodated in the bias switching metal fitting. Alternatively, if a lock mechanism described later is provided, the lock mechanism may be locked when all the drawers are pulled out. Of course, the energizing switch fitting 10 may be provided in the frame, and the recess 13 may be provided in the drawer.

As shown in FIG. 6 (e: biased state) and (f: non-biased state), the bias switching metal fittings can be provided between the _two sliding doors D ₁ and D ₂ . In this case, the urging force in the closing direction is simultaneously applied to the two sliding doors in the closed state (e), and when either sliding door is opened to the non-biased state, it can be freely moved or stopped (f). Both of the two sliding doors can be applied for the purpose of improving tightening at the same time.

  Of course, depending on the needs, it is possible to adopt a configuration in which it is not energized from the closed state to a certain position, and is energized when it is opened beyond a certain position to be automatically fully opened. In addition, by using two urging switch fittings 10 for one sliding door, it is urged in the closing direction near the closing position, urged in the fully opening direction near the fully opening position, and is not urged in the middle area between them. Such a configuration is also possible. These can be implemented depending on how the urging switch fitting 10 is attached, and can be constructed to meet a variety of needs.

As the biasing means, an existing known technique can be suitably employed. Simply, a coil-type pulling spring Sp ₁ can be employed (FIG. 7a), but a pressing spring Sp ₂ can also be employed if the relationship between the hook turning direction k and the biasing direction R does not change (FIG. 7b). ). If a spring type spring is used instead of the coil type spring, a uniform biasing force can be obtained over a relatively wide range. By connecting the wire wound around the bobbin to which the rotational force is applied by the mainspring to the sliding piece, it is also possible to give a relatively long distance.

  By the way, in the locking structure adopted by the present invention, as schematically shown in FIG. 8 (the sliding piece is omitted), one locking arm is locked to the locking portion (sliding contact surface end). When the hook is on, the moment M of the force, that is, the rotational force, is applied to the hook in a direction in which the hook is about to be released. In the locking structure adopted by the present invention, the locking arm which is not locked contacts the sliding contact surface of the mating structure, thereby preventing the hook from rotating and unlocking. The same applies when the locking position is reversed. Therefore, in the present invention, it is necessary that each of the two structures has a sliding contact surface.

  In the case of the example of FIG. 2, the inner surface of the sliding portion S also serves as the first sliding contact surface T. In the biased state, the outer edge of the first locking arm Ha slides while being pressed against the inner surface of the sliding portion S. When the sliding door is moved in the non-biased state, the second locking arm Hb slides while being pressed against the sliding contact surface U on the second structure side. When a sliding part shape other than the cylindrical shape is adopted, a sliding contact plate 16 that provides the first sliding contact surface T is appropriately provided as in the example of FIG.

  In the bias switching structure according to the present invention, the hook rotates according to the positional relationship between the two structures (for example, the sliding door and the door frame) because of the rotational force described above. Switch to power. However, if the rotational force is too large, it is not preferable because the frictional resistance when the locking arm is brought into sliding contact with the sliding contact plate or the like is increased. The rotational force, that is, the moment M of the force is the product (F × b) of the tension force F of the spring and the length b of the perpendicular from the locking point p to the action line of F in FIG. Accordingly, the force F ′ that the slidable contact locking arm is pressed against the slidable contact surface is expressed as F ′ = (F × b) / c, where c is the length from the locking point p to the slidable contact point q. If F is constant, F ′ can be reduced by reducing the ratio of b / c.

  Therefore, when designing the urging switch fitting according to the present invention or constructing the counterpart locking portion, increasing c (lengthening the locking arm) and decreasing b can be achieved when the locking arm is in sliding contact. Effective for reducing frictional resistance. In order to reduce b, the interval t between the two structures may be narrowed. In order to prevent the locking point p from moving away from the F line of action, it is effective to make the locking portion have an acute angle as shown in FIG. Conversely, as shown in FIG. 8 (c), when the locking portion is obtuse, the locking point p moves toward the tip of the locking arm, and the length b of the perpendicular increases rapidly. The result F ′ = (F × b) / c becomes large, which is not preferable. Further, in order to smoothly attach and detach the locking arm, it is preferable that a certain degree of roundness (R) is provided on the cadence of the locking portion.

  In addition to the rotational force M, a component force f in the direction along the locking portion of the spring pulling force F depending on the locking angle on the locking side is also applied to the force applied to the locking arm on the sliding side ( FIG. 9). Assuming that the shape of the locking portion matches the shape of the locking arm and there is no friction between them, the component force f along the locking arm on the locking side is formed by the outer edges of both locking arms of the hook. When the angle is θ, f = F × cos θ. If f is positive (FIG. 9a), the hook is pressed against the sliding contact surface and the frictional force is increased, so this should be avoided. As shown in (b) or (c), f is not positive (f ≦ 0 ), The force with which the locking arm is pressed against the slidable contact surface is reduced. However, if θ is increased too much, the amount of rotation at the time of hook locking switching increases, so it is usually preferable that 120 ° ≧ θ ≧ 90 °. Of course, the locking portion has an acute angle shape as shown in FIG. 8B so that the locking portion is locked closer to the axis of the locking arm.

  Various forms of the sliding portion are conceivable. For example, a linear sliding slit 17 provided on the substrate as shown in FIG. The sliding piece K has an H-shaped section (b) and is fitted into the sliding slit 17 to slide. The sliding piece K is provided with a biasing means (not shown) in the R direction, and a hook H including first and second locking arms is pivotally supported. In this case, a sliding contact plate 16 is provided as a counterpart on which the first locking arm slides. Further, as shown in FIGS. 10C and 10D, a linear sliding rail 18 provided on the substrate may be provided, and a sliding piece K that slides along the rail may be used. Here, a locking slit 19 through which the first locking arm Ha is inserted is provided in the substrate 20, the hook H rotates in a direction perpendicular to the substrate 20, and the substrate 20 provides a first sliding contact surface, so that the sliding contact occurs. An example is shown where the plate 16 is not required.

  If there is a lock mechanism that locks the hook while the first locking arm of the bias switching bracket is locked to the end of the first sliding contact surface, the bias switching bracket is attached in the locked state. It is easy to install if the lock is removed after the construction is completed. Even after the construction, it is preferable to provide a lock mechanism in order to temporarily stop the function as a semi-automatic open / close sliding door. Various known means can be used. As a simple example, FIG. 11 shows a mechanism for inserting the pin 21 into the substrate 20 to lock the movement of the hook.

  Since the first and second locking arms of the hook function at the outer edge e (a in FIG. 12) in contact with the locking portion and the sliding portion, the other portions of the hook are not particularly limited in shape. The hook may be V-shaped as a whole, or may be a substantially quadrant (fan shape) or heart shape. Various shapes are conceivable for those that substantially function as a hook having first and second locking arms, including the case of manufacturing with a wire or the like. Some examples are shown in FIGS. 12B to 12D. Further, as shown in (e) and (f), a metal plate or the like can be bent in the plate thickness direction, or a metal wire can be bent to create a hook.

  As explained above, the use of a sliding piece that slides on the sliding part makes the hook stable and smooth movement is achieved, but further improvement of the rotating shaft makes the interval between the two structures zero. It is also possible to make it slide. That is, by aligning the rotation axis (rotation center) X for pivotally supporting the hook on the sliding piece substantially at the intersection of the two locking arms (FIG. 17), the distance between the two structures is in contact. Even if it is slid, the same bias switching function as shown in FIG. 18 can be obtained. FIG. 18C is a view in which the hook of FIG. 17 is attached to the sliding piece. The rotation axis X may be further outside (the direction away from the hook body) from the intersection of the two locking arms.

  Further, by making the hook mounting shaft swingable in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction, the two structures can be slid with the distance between them zero (FIG. 19). , B2 can slide in contact with each other. In this figure, a long hole is provided in the vertical direction, and a pivot 23 on which a hook is pivotally mounted is attached so as to be swingable along the long hole 24. Of course, also in this case, the sliding piece K is slid by being urged in the sliding portion provided in one structure B1. The configuration in which the above-described rotation axis (rotation center) X is aligned with the intersection of the two locking arms also falls into substantially the same category as that in which the mounting shaft is swingable in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction. .

  If the mounting shaft can be swung in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction and the two structures can slide in contact with each other, a locking pin can be used instead of the hook. As shown in FIG. 20, the structure using the locking pin 25 is provided with a long hole in the sliding piece K urged against the first structure B1, and the locking pin 25 swings in the vertical direction. It is pivotally supported. Since the end of the first sliding contact surface of the first structure is rounded (R) having a radius that is about the diameter of the locking pin, the locking pin 25 is moved to the second position by the urging force acting on the sliding piece. It is pressed against the sliding surface of the structure. In this state, the second structure is not energized. In FIG. 20A, when the second structure B2 slides to the left while contacting the first structure B1, and the locking pin 25 reaches the end of the sliding contact surface of the second structure, The pin swings downward, the locking position moves to the end of the sliding surface of the second structure, and the second structure is biased (FIG. 20b).

  In principle, the length capable of swinging in the direction perpendicular to the sliding direction needs to be equal to or larger than the diameter of the locking pin 25. As a method of attaching the locking pin 25 to the sliding piece K so as to be swingable, a curved long hole 24 (b) and a rotatable arm 26 are used in addition to the long hole 24 (a) as shown in FIG. There are a method (c) and a method (d) in which the sliding piece K is tilted in the sliding portion S by using the sliding piece K as a tapered trapezoid. In particular, in (b) and (c), rounding (R) is not necessarily required for the locking portions of the B1 and B2 sliding contact surface ends. Further, in (d), the locking pin 25 can be pivotally supported on a shaft fixed to the sliding piece K.

  As is clear from FIG. 20, since the shaft of the locking pin 25 swings up and down, no space is required between the first and second structures. Rather, sliding in contact may be more stable and preferable.

  The locking pin can also be a roller that can rotate about its axis to reduce friction during sliding. For example, a structure using a roller with a tapered trapezoidal sliding piece as an example will be described. As shown in FIG. 22 (a), the roller is in contact with the roundness of both ends of the sliding contact surface particularly when switching the locking. Since it rotates in the same direction, switching is performed very smoothly. Further, when the two rollers are used as locking pins as shown in (b), the resistance to movement is reduced because the two rollers move independently at other positions as well as at the time of switching. Even when the locking pin is formed in an elongated pin shape that can be rotated as in (c), the area in contact with the sliding contact surface is increased and the friction can be reduced.

  In order to reduce the friction of the locking pin to the sliding contact surface when using a locking pin that does not employ a roller that can rotate around the shaft and is fixed to the sliding piece, a straight line that slides on the sliding contact surface instead of a round shape. It is preferable to use a shape having a side. For example, when a trapezoidal sliding piece is employed, the locking pin can be integrated and fixed as shown in FIG.

  The structure in which the two structural bodies B1 and B2 are in contact with each other and slides is suitable for the integrated bracket including the second structure when applied to the bias switching metal fitting. That is, as shown in FIG. 23 showing the structural example, the metal fitting body 10 has the first structure B1 having the sliding contact surface 21, the sliding portion S that slides with the sliding piece K being urged, and the sliding contact. A sliding plate 22 (second structure B2) that slides in contact with the surface 21 is provided. Depending on the position of the sliding plate 22, the locking pin is locked to the end of the sliding plate 22. The state is switched between a biased state (a) and a non-biased state (b) locked to the end of the sliding contact surface 21. The sliding plate 22 is stable because it slides while sliding the sliding portion provided on the metal fitting body to the sliding contact surface 21. In order to use this urging switching metal fitting 10, this metal fitting is attached to a sliding door, a projection or the like is provided on the sliding plate 22 of the metal fitting, and the sliding plate 22 is connected to the door frame via the projection or the like.

  Depending on the degree of R (roundness) applied to the end of the sliding contact surface (locking portion), and in the case of the curved long hole in FIG. Since the force pressed against the slidable contact surface changes, the shape of the slidable contact surface end portion (locking portion) is designed in consideration of the balance with the urging force. FIG. 24 shows an example (a) in which the force with which the locking pin is pressed against the sliding surface on the non-locking side is small due to the shape of the sliding contact surface end (locking portion) and a small example (b).

  Of course, the shape of the locking portion J (the sliding contact surface or the end of the sliding plate) may be a concave shape as shown in FIG. 25, or may be a straight line instead of R (roundness). In addition, as shown in FIG. 26, when two concave locking portions are provided and two sliding pieces having biased locking pins are arranged symmetrically, the sliding plate 22 is biased near the center. Instead, the left and right regions are biased to the left or right, respectively. One energizing switch fitting can be used for two functions.

  In general door closers for hinged doors, the oil dampers prevent sudden movement of the doors. However, even in the bias switching metal fittings according to the present invention, the sliding frames are suddenly moved by an appropriate known means such as an oil damper. It is preferable to suppress such movement. When the sliding piece is energized with the spring and the wire, there are a method of braking the rotation of the pulley around which the wire is wound and a method of providing a block having a through hole for restricting the passage of the wire. In any case, it is preferable to have a function of applying braking only in the direction of movement by the urging force.

  The material of the bias switching bracket according to the present invention is adopted in consideration of the required strength, durability, cost, etc., but metals such as steel, stainless steel and brass are suitable for applications such as sliding doors in houses. ing. For furniture sliding doors and drawers, it is possible to use steel, stainless steel, aluminum, plastic, etc., or a combination thereof. For those used in applications where durability is required, materials having high wear resistance are preferable for the sliding portion, sliding piece, hook, locking pin, and the like.

  When a plurality of bias switching structures having different switching positions are provided in a set of structures, the biasing force can be changed stepwise. For example, when the door is slightly closed from the open position, a light biasing force is applied and the sliding door starts to close, and a stronger biasing force is applied to the sliding door near the closed position. FIG. 14 shows a state where a plurality of bias switching metal fittings are attached. (A) is a non-energized state, (b) is a first urging state in which only one urging switch fitting is functioning, and (c) is a second urging function in which two urging switch fittings are functioning. Indicates the state. In FIG. 14, two urging switch fittings are arranged in the left-right direction of the drawing, but they can be arranged side by side in the depth direction of the drawing. Of course, it is also possible to house two systems of bias switching structures with different switching positions in one metal fitting.

  The bias switching structure of the present invention is applied not only to two structures that slide linearly as described above, but also to two structures that slide in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. I can do it. In other words, a gap (sliding part) S and a circular sliding body (sliding piece) K that slides in the gap S are provided between the first circular structure B1 and the second structural body B2. A hook H is provided. Concave portions 41 are respectively provided on the opposing surfaces of the circular first structure B1 and the second structure B2, and the sliding body K is urged counterclockwise with respect to the circular first structure, so that the circular second When the structure is fixed, when the first structure biased counterclockwise is rotated in the clockwise direction in FIG. 15A, the locking arm of the hook H is attached to the first structure. The recess 41 is switched to the recess 41 of the second structure, and the first structure is not biased (b). When this structure is applied to, for example, a hinge, a closer for a revolving door (folding door) built in the hinge is realized. Moreover, it can be applied to a box lid or the like that opens upward, and can be given a function of automatically jumping up to a full opening when it is slightly opened by hand.

  The example shown in FIG. 15 is an example in which two circular structures are coaxially arranged, but the two circular structures arranged in the axial direction as shown in FIG. It is the same. In other words, a gap (sliding part) S and a circular sliding body (sliding piece) K that slides in the gap S are provided between the first circular structure B1 and the second structural body B2. A hook H is provided. Concave portions 41 are respectively provided on the opposing surfaces of the circular first structure B1 and the second structure B2, and the sliding body K is urged counterclockwise as viewed from the left in the drawing. When the circular second structure B2 is fixed, the first structure biased counterclockwise as viewed from the left in FIG. 16A is rotated clockwise as viewed from the left in the figure. Then, the locking arm of the hook H is switched from the recess 41 of the first structure to the recess 41 of the second structure, and the first structure is not biased (b). These mechanisms (FIGS. 14 and 15) can be effectively employed as an auxiliary mechanism such as a dial.

  As an example of the urging switch fitting according to the present invention, the one shown in FIG. 13 was prototyped. Two aluminum angle members 31 having an L-shaped section with a thickness of 1 mm, a height of 15 mm, and a width of 4 mm were cut into a length of 150 mm, and two pieces were prepared. Holes were made at two opposing points of the two angle members 31. On one short side of the angle member 31, a notch 31a is provided to form an upper slit. The inside of the angle member 31 not cut out is a sliding contact surface T.

  When this is assembled as shown in FIG. 13, a sliding portion S having an internal cross section of about 5 mm × 14 mm is formed. The sliding piece K is made of polyvinyl chloride, and a block piece of about 4 mm x 13 mm x 20 mm is prepared, and a thin part about 1 mm is provided as a hook mounting part. Prepare a hook of about 1mm thick PVC plate as shown in the figure (the angle of the outer edge of the two locking arms = about 95 degrees), and slide piece K around the nail 37 of about 1.6mmφ. Was pivotally supported. As an urging means, a rubber band 34 was attached to the sliding piece K, and the opposite side of the rubber band 34 was hung on the spacer 33. Several washers were stacked as spacers 33 of about 5 mm, bolts 32 were passed, and tightened with nuts.

  In the assembled urging switching fitting 10, the second locking arm Hb normally protrudes from the lower slit 35 of the sliding portion and is positioned on the urging side. When the second locking arm Hb is moved to the right by hand against the urging force R, the first locking arm Ha protrudes from the upper slit 36 of the sliding portion, and at the same time, the second locking arm Hb slides. It was retracted into the moving part S (c in FIG. 13). Since it is pivotally supported by the sliding piece K that slides stably in the sliding portion S, the hook H is stable in the biased state and the non-biased state, and since the rotation is smooth, the switching between them is also smooth. was.

  This urging switch fitting 10 is attached to the lower part of the sliding door as shown in FIG. 5B with the second locking arm Hb inserted into the recess 13 provided in the sill of the door frame G of the sliding door D of the cupboard. . When the hand is released from the sliding door D, the second locking arm Hb is urged to the left in the sliding portion S and is locked by the recess 13 provided in the sill. Moved and closed.

  When the sliding door was manually pulled in the opening direction against the urging force R in FIG. 5B, the sliding piece K slid relative to the right in the sliding portion S. Further, when the sliding door is pulled by hand in the opening direction until the first locking arm Ha in the sliding portion S enters the upper slit 36, the hook H rotates and the second locking arm Hb is moved to the sliding portion. Since it was retracted into S, the locking to the recess 13 was released, and the sliding door D was released from the urging force (a in FIG. 5). In this state, the sliding door D stayed in that position unless it was pulled by hand.

  In this example, the sliding door moved to some extent early in the urging range, the sliding door D collided with the door frame G, and a sound was generated. To cope with this problem, an oil damper or the like is effective, but it was solved simply by attaching a cushion to the part where the door frame and the sliding door hit. Generally, when a cushion is attached, it bounces back with elastic force and stops in an open state, but since it is urged by the urging switching fitting according to the present invention, it is finally closed securely. .

  As shown in FIG. 14, the two urging switch fittings manufactured in Example 1 were attached to the sliding door. Thus, the urging force does not work in the non-biasing region (a), the urging force of only one urging switching bracket is applied in the first urging region (b), and 2 in the second urging region (c). The sliding door D could be closed with two stages of urging forces such that the urging forces of the individual urging switch fittings were applied simultaneously. The same effect can be obtained by using a single urging switching bracket having a plurality of systems of sliding portions, sliding pieces, hooks and urging means.

  A bias switching metal fitting 10 having a total length of 20 cm having the structure shown in FIG. 27 was produced. In the biased state, (a) is a plan view, (b) is a side view seen from the right side of the plan view, and (c) is a plan view in a non-biased state. A spacer 42 is accommodated in the upper and lower portions of the case 41 to form a sliding portion S having a width of about 2 cm, one end of the spring Sp is stopped near the left end of the case 41, and a tapered trapezoidal sliding is provided at the other end of the spring. Coma K was connected. A roller having a diameter of 0.4 cm was screwed to a position near the short side of the sliding piece K. The first structure B1 was fixed to the case, and the second structure B2 (sliding plate 22) was slidably fitted to the first structure B1 so as to be slidable. This urging switch fitting 10 was mounted on a sliding door of a cupboard in the same manner as in Example 1, and the sliding plate 22 and the door frame were connected by a connecting fitting (not shown). When the locking pin P is locked to the second structure B2, the sliding door is biased in the closing direction, and when the locking pin P is locked to the first structure B1, the sliding door is not biased. Opened. When switching to these two states, the feeling of resistance was very smooth.

  The urging switching structure of the present invention has a simple structure and can apply or not apply urging force to two relatively sliding structures, and can be applied to a wide range of applications such as sliding doors and drawers. . Therefore, this bias switching structure is used for a wide range of tools and devices such as toys, as well as sliding doors and drawers for houses, furniture, home appliances, household necessities, automobiles, and the like. Further, the bias switching structure of the present invention can be easily implemented by attaching the bias switching metal fitting of the present invention to two relatively sliding structures such as a sliding door and a drawer. Various functions can be realized by using a plurality of bias switching metal fittings for a pair of structures.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an urging switching structure according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a perspective view for explaining an element part in an example of an urging switching fitting according to the present invention, in which (a) is a sliding portion, (b) is a sliding piece, (c) is a hook, and (d) is an assembly. The energization switching metal fitting in a state is shown. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining several examples of a cross-sectional shape of a sliding portion. These are figures explaining the operation | movement of the urging | biasing switching metal fitting according to this invention, (a) shows a non-biasing state, (b) shows a biasing state. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an operation in an example in which an urging switch fitting is attached to a sliding door. Install the urging switch bracket on the upper part of the sliding door (a), the upper part of the door frame (b), the vertically sliding door or window (c), the drawer (d), and the space between the two sliding doors (e), (f) The main part of the example. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a relationship between a spring biasing direction and a hook rotating direction. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a relationship between a rotational force related to a hook and a position of a locking point in a locked state. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a component force applied to the hook in the locked state, where (a) shows θ <90 °, (b) shows θ> 90 °, and (c) shows the case where θ = 90 °. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining examples of bias switching metal fittings employing various forms of sliding portions. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a simple example of a lock mechanism. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a hook function and various shapes; BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS These are the figures explaining the urging | biasing switching metal fitting of Example 1, (a) is an assembly drawing, (b) is sectional drawing of a hook part, (c) is a whole perspective view. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example in which two urging switch fittings are attached to a sliding door. FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example applied to a circular structure that slides on the circumference. FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining another example applied to a circular structure that slides on the circumference. Is a hook with a pivot axis at the intersection of two arms FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining the operation in the case of a hook having a rotation axis provided at the intersection of two arms. Is a diagram for explaining the operation when the shaft is made swingable in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction. FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the switching operation of a locking pin that can swing in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction. Is an example of a method of pivotally supporting a locking pin on a sliding piece so that it can swing in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an example of the shape of a locking pin; Is a conceptual diagram of an integrated bracket including the second structure Is an example of the shape of the sliding contact surface end (locking part) Is an example of the shape of the sliding contact surface (first structure) and the end (locking portion) of the sliding plate (second structure). Is an example in which a plurality of locking portions are provided on the sliding contact surface (first structure). Is the structure of the bias switching metal fitting produced in Example 3

Explanation of symbols

B1: First structure B2: Second structure S: Sliding part K: Sliding piece
H: Hook Ha: first locking arms Hb: second locking arms P: locking pin T: first sliding contact face T _1: first slidable contact surface end portion U: second sliding surface
U ₁ : Second sliding contact surface end X: Rotating shaft Sp ₁ : Pulling spring Sp ₂ : Pushing spring D: Sliding door G: Door frame M: Rotating force R: Biasing direction F: Biasing force

10: Energization switching metal fitting 11: Upper slit 12: Lower slit 13: Recess 14: Slide plate 15: Drawer 16: Slide contact plate
17: sliding slit 18: sliding rail 19: locking slit 20: substrate 21: sliding contact surface 22: sliding plate 23: pivot 24: long hole 25: locking pin 26: rotating arm 31: angle member 32 : Bolt 33: Spacer 34: Rubber band 35: Lower slit 36: Upper slit 37: Nail

Claims (4)

Of the two structures that slide relatively,
On the side of the first structure facing the second structure, a sliding part, a sliding piece that slides while being urged against the first structure along the sliding part, and a sliding piece A hook pivotally supported on the side opposite to the urging direction and a first sliding contact surface on which the first locking arm of the hook slides,
The second structure has a second sliding contact surface on the side facing the first structure, on which the second locking arm of the hook comes into sliding contact,
A non-biased state in which the first locking arm of the hook is locked to the end of the first sliding contact surface and the second locking arm is in sliding contact with the second sliding contact surface according to the relative positions of the two structures. The first locking arm of the hook is slidably contacted with the first sliding contact surface, and the biased second locking arm is switched to the biased state locked to the end portion of the second sliding contact surface. Characteristic bias switching structure.   A sliding piece, a sliding piece that is urged and slid along the sliding part, a hook that is pivotally supported by the sliding piece on the side opposite to the urging direction, and a first hook A sliding contact surface with which the locking arm slidably contacts is provided, and according to the position of the sliding piece, the first locking arm of the hook is locked to the end of the sliding contact surface, and the second locking arm is accommodated in the sliding portion. Switching between a non-biased state and a biased state in which the first locking arm of the hook is in sliding contact with the sliding contact surface and the biased second locking arm protrudes from the sliding portion. Energizing switch bracket to be used. Of the two structures that slide relative to each other,
A sliding portion on a side of the first structure facing the second structure, a sliding piece that slides while being urged against the first structure along the sliding portion, and perpendicular to the sliding direction A hook or a locking pin pivotally supported on the sliding piece so as to be swingable in any direction, and a first sliding contact surface on which the hook or the locking pin slides,
The second structure is provided with a second sliding contact surface on which the hook or the locking pin slides on the side facing the first structure,
According to the relative positions of the two structures, the hook or the locking pin is locked to the end of the first sliding contact surface and is in sliding contact with the second sliding contact surface, and the hook or the locking pin is An urging switching structure, wherein the urging state is switched to an urging state that is slidably in contact with one sliding contact surface and locked to an end portion of the second sliding contact surface. A sliding part, a sliding contact surface, a sliding piece that is urged and slid along the sliding part, and a hook that is pivotally supported by the sliding piece in a direction perpendicular to the sliding direction, or A locking pin and a sliding plate that slides in contact with the sliding contact surface,
According to the position of the sliding plate, the hook or the locking pin is locked to the end of the sliding surface and the sliding plate is not biased, and the hook or the locking pin is locked to the end of the sliding plate. And an urging switch for switching the urging state in which the sliding plate is urged.

Images