JP2007061842A - Aluminum alloy plate for hot blow molding - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy plate for hot blow molding Download PDFInfo
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本発明は、熱間ブロー成形用アルミニウム合金板、詳しくは、成形加工時に面質劣化を生じることなく成形品の品質向上が得られ、成形加工時の金型と材料との摺動における耐疵付き性を向上させた熱間ブロー成形用アルミニウム合金板に関する。 The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy plate for hot blow molding, and more particularly, the quality of molded products can be improved without causing deterioration in surface quality during molding, and the resistance to wear in sliding between a mold and a material during molding processing. The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy plate for hot blow molding with improved adhesion.
アルミニウム合金板の熱間ブロー成形は、アルミニウム合金板を高温において一般的にはガス圧により大きな塑性変形を与えて成形する方法であり、１回の加工で複雑形状への成形が可能なこと、金型や製造装置が冷間プレス成形より安価なことなどの利点があるため、多品種少量生産に適した成形方式である。 Hot blow molding of an aluminum alloy plate is a method of forming an aluminum alloy plate by applying a large plastic deformation by a gas pressure at a high temperature, and it can be formed into a complicated shape by one processing. This is a molding method suitable for high-mix low-volume production because it has the advantage that the mold and manufacturing equipment are cheaper than cold press molding.
近年では、成形条件や設備の適正化によりサイクルタイムも短くなってきており、大量生産される自動車外板などの成形にも適用されている。熱間ブロー成形は高温加工であるから、一般的には、成形すべきアルミニウム合金板にＢＮ（ボロンナイトライド）やグラファイトに代表される離型剤を塗布し、成形後に金型やビード部へ凝着するのを防止している。 In recent years, the cycle time has been shortened by optimizing molding conditions and equipment, and it is also applied to molding of automobile outer plates that are mass-produced. Since hot blow molding is a high-temperature process, in general, a release agent represented by BN (boron nitride) or graphite is applied to an aluminum alloy plate to be molded, and after molding to a mold or bead part. Prevents adhesion.
しかしながら、大量生産される部品や表面品質の厳しい成形品の成形においては、離型剤を塗布しても、金型と成形板との摺動に起因する疵の発生が避けられず、離型剤の金型への堆積による面質劣化も生じるとともに、離型剤の塗布作業自体の自動化も難しく、能率低下やコスト上昇を招いていた。 However, in the molding of mass-produced parts and molded products with strict surface quality, even if a mold release agent is applied, generation of wrinkles due to sliding between the mold and the molding plate is inevitable. The surface quality is deteriorated due to the deposition of the agent on the mold, and it is difficult to automate the release agent coating operation itself, resulting in a decrease in efficiency and an increase in cost.
冷間プレス成形性の向上のために、成形すべきアルミニウム材の表面に陽極酸化皮膜と、陽極酸化皮膜上にポリオレフィン系ワックス微粉末粒子などの潤滑剤を分散させたポリウレタン系樹脂などの有機樹脂皮膜を形成することも提案されている（特許文献１参照）が、この手法をアルミニウム合金板の熱間ブロー成形に適用した場合、必ずしも十分な効果を得ることができない。
発明者らは、とくに量産品や厳しい表面品質が要求される成形品を得るためのアルミニウム合金板の熱間ブロー成形において生じる上記従来の問題を解消するために、表面処理と、離型性や金型と成形板との摺動に起因する疵の発生などとの関係について試験、検討を行った結果としてなされたものであり、その目的は、金型に離型剤を塗布することなしに成形することができ、離型性に優れ、金型と成形板との摺動に起因する疵の発生も避けることができ、従って、離型剤の金型への堆積による面質劣化も生じることなく、成形品の品質向上、作業能率の向上、製造コストの低減を可能とする熱間ブロー成形用アルミニウム合金板を提供することにある。 In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems that occur in the hot blow molding of aluminum alloy plates, particularly for mass-produced products and molded products that require strict surface quality, the inventors have developed surface treatment, mold release properties, It was made as a result of testing and studying the relationship between the occurrence of wrinkles due to sliding between the mold and the mold plate, and its purpose was to apply a mold release agent to the mold. It can be molded, has excellent releasability, and can prevent generation of wrinkles due to sliding between the mold and the mold plate. Therefore, surface quality deterioration due to deposition of the mold release agent on the mold also occurs. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy plate for hot blow molding that can improve the quality of a molded product, improve work efficiency, and reduce manufacturing costs.
上記の目的を達成するための請求項１による熱間ブロー成形用アルミニウム合金板は、片面または両面に、金属酸化物のゾル、水ガラス、または金属酸化物のゾルと水ガラスを塗布したことを特徴とする。 The aluminum alloy plate for hot blow molding according to claim 1 for achieving the above object is obtained by applying a metal oxide sol, water glass, or a metal oxide sol and water glass on one or both sides. Features.
請求項２による熱間ブロー成形用アルミニウム合金板は、請求項１において、前記金属酸化物のゾルがシリカゾル、アルミナゾル、ジルコニアゾルの１種または２種以上であることを特徴とする。 The aluminum alloy plate for hot blow molding according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in claim 1, the metal oxide sol is one or more of silica sol, alumina sol, and zirconia sol.
請求項３による熱間ブロー成形用アルミニウム合金板は、請求項１または２において、
前記金属酸化物のゾル、水ガラス、または金属酸化物のゾルと水ガラスの塗布量が２０００ｍｇ／ｍ２以下であることを特徴とする。
The aluminum alloy plate for hot blow molding according to claim 3 is the claim 1 or 2,
The coating amount of the metal oxide sol, water glass, or metal oxide sol and water glass is 2000 mg / m 2 or less.
請求項４による熱間ブロー成形用アルミニウム合金板は、請求項１〜３のいずれかにおいて、前記アルミニウム合金板が５０００系アルミニウム合金板または６０００系アルミニウム合金板であることを特徴とする。 The aluminum alloy plate for hot blow molding according to claim 4 is characterized in that in any one of claims 1 to 3, the aluminum alloy plate is a 5000 series aluminum alloy plate or a 6000 series aluminum alloy plate.
本発明によれば、金型に離型剤を塗布することなしに成形することができ、離型性に優れ、金型と成形板との摺動に起因する疵の発生も避けることができ、従って、離型剤の金型への堆積による面質劣化も生じることなく、成形品の品質向上、作業能率の向上、製造コストの低減を可能とする熱間ブロー成形用アルミニウム合金板が提供される。 According to the present invention, molding can be performed without applying a release agent to the mold, the mold release property is excellent, and generation of wrinkles due to sliding between the mold and the molding plate can be avoided. Therefore, there is provided an aluminum alloy plate for hot blow molding that can improve the quality of molded products, improve work efficiency, and reduce manufacturing costs without causing surface quality degradation due to the deposition of mold release agent on the mold. Is done.
本発明は、熱間ブロー成形が可能な全てのアルミニウム合金に適用することができるが、とくに、５０００系アルミニウム合金あるいは６０００系アルミニウム合金に適用した場合に有効である。 The present invention can be applied to all aluminum alloys capable of hot blow molding, but is particularly effective when applied to 5000 series aluminum alloys or 6000 series aluminum alloys.
非熱処理型の５０００系アルミニウム合金は、軟化状態で最も高強度を示し、熱間ブロー成形用素材として多く実用化されている。５０００系アルミニウム合金のうちでは、例えば、５０８３合金、５１８２合金、５０５２合金などが本発明の効果を発揮し得るものとして好適に使用できる。 Non-heat-treatment type 5000 series aluminum alloys show the highest strength in the softened state and are widely used as hot blow molding materials. Among 5000 series aluminum alloys, for example, 5083 alloy, 5182 alloy, 5052 alloy and the like can be suitably used as those capable of exhibiting the effects of the present invention.
また、６０００系アルミニウム合金は、ベークハード性を有し、５０００系アルミニウム合金に比べてゲージダウンの可能性があるため、自動車外板用として多く使用されるようになっており、熱間ブロー成形が実用化されつつある。 In addition, 6000 series aluminum alloys have bake hardness and can be gauged down compared to 5000 series aluminum alloys. Is being put into practical use.
本発明においては、熱間ブロー成形用のアルミニウム合金板の表面に金属酸化物のゾル、水ガラス、または金属酸化物のゾルと水ガラスを塗布することを要件とする。塗布方式はロールコート、バーコート、スプレー、浸漬処理など適宜の手段を用いることができる。金属酸化物と水ガラスを塗布する場合には、これらを混合して塗布してもよく、金属酸化物を塗布した上に水ガラスを塗布するなど、これらを２層に塗布してもよい。 In the present invention, it is necessary to apply a metal oxide sol, water glass, or a metal oxide sol and water glass to the surface of an aluminum alloy plate for hot blow molding. Applicable means such as roll coating, bar coating, spraying, and dipping treatment can be used as the coating method. When applying a metal oxide and water glass, these may be mixed and apply | coated, and these may be apply | coated to 2 layers, such as apply | coating water glass after apply | coating a metal oxide.
金属酸化物のゾルとしては、シリカゾル、アルミナゾル、ジルコニアゾルの1種または２種以上が好適に使用される。クロミアゾル、チタニアゾル、マグネシアゾル、カルシアゾル、イットリアゾルなど、他の金属酸化物ゾルも本発明の効果を期待することができ、上記のゾルの1種または2種以上を適宜組み合わせて使用する。水ガラスは、一般式が、Ｍ２Ｏ・ｎＳｉＯ２（ＭはＬｉ、Ｎａ、Ｋ、ＮＨ４など）で示されるアルカリ-ケイ酸系水ガラスの水溶液であり、アルカリ側の金属もしくは分子は限定されない。 As the metal oxide sol, one or more of silica sol, alumina sol and zirconia sol are preferably used. Other metal oxide sols such as chromia sol, titania sol, magnesia sol, calcia sol, and yttria sol can also be expected to have the effect of the present invention, and one or more of the above sols are used in appropriate combination. Water glass is an aqueous solution of an alkali-silicate-based water glass represented by the general formula M 2 O.nSiO 2 (M is Li, Na, K, NH 4, etc.), and the metal or molecule on the alkali side is limited. Not.
上記の金属酸化物のゾル、水ガラス、金属酸化物のゾルと水ガラスの塗布量は、それぞれ２０００ｍｇ／ｍ２以下（０ｍｇ／ｍ２を含まず）とするのが好ましく、塗布量が２０００ｍｇ／ｍ２を越えると、熱間ブロー成形過程において、金属酸化物のゾル、水ガラス、または金属酸化物のゾルと水ガラスの塗膜の割れに起因して塗膜の剥離が生じ易くなり効果を発揮できなくなる。さらに好ましい塗布量は１００〜１０００ｍｇ／ｍ２である。 The coating amount of the metal oxide sol, water glass, metal oxide sol and water glass is preferably 2000 mg / m 2 or less (not including 0 mg / m 2 ), and the coating amount is 2000 mg / m 2. If it exceeds m 2 , in the hot blow molding process, the coating of the metal oxide sol, water glass, or the coating of the metal oxide sol and the water glass is liable to be peeled off. Cannot be demonstrated. A more preferable coating amount is 100 to 1000 mg / m 2 .
アルミニウム合金板の片面のみに塗膜を形成する場合には、塗膜形成面は、ブロー成形時にアルミニウム合金板が金型に接する面とすることが好ましい。塗膜はアルミニウム合金板の両面に形成してもよく、この場合には、両面に同じ塗膜を形成することもでき、異なる塗膜を形成することもできる。 When a coating film is formed only on one surface of the aluminum alloy plate, the coating film forming surface is preferably a surface where the aluminum alloy plate contacts the mold during blow molding. The coating film may be formed on both surfaces of the aluminum alloy plate. In this case, the same coating film can be formed on both surfaces, or different coating films can be formed.
熱間ブロー成形すべきアルミニウム合金板の表面に形成された前記の塗膜は、成形後における金型への凝着を防止する役割を果たすことができるから、従来金型やビード部への凝着防止のために行われていたアルミニウム合金板の表面へのＢＮ、グラファイトなどの離型剤の塗布を省略することができ、従って、離型剤の金型への堆積による面質劣化を防ぐことができる。また、前記の塗膜形成により、金型と成形板との摺動に起因する疵の発生を避けることも可能となる。 The coating film formed on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate to be hot blow molded can play a role in preventing adhesion to the mold after molding. Application of a release agent such as BN or graphite to the surface of the aluminum alloy plate, which has been performed to prevent adhesion, can be omitted, and therefore surface quality deterioration due to deposition of the release agent on the mold can be prevented. be able to. Moreover, it becomes possible to avoid the generation | occurrence | production of the wrinkles resulting from sliding with a metal mold | die and a shaping | molding board by the said coating-film formation.
以下、本発明の実施例を比較例と対比して説明する。なお、これらの実施例は、本発明の一実施態様を示すものであり、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。 Examples of the present invention will be described below in comparison with comparative examples. In addition, these Examples show one embodiment of this invention, and this invention is not limited to this.
表１に示すアルミニウム合金の板材（調質：Ｏ材、厚さ：１．５ｍｍ）の表面に、表１に示す塗膜形成物を用いて、バーコーターにより表１に示す塗布量の塗膜を形成したのち乾燥し、これらを試験材とした。 Using the coating film forming material shown in Table 1 on the surface of the aluminum alloy plate material shown in Table 1 (tempering: O material, thickness: 1.5 mm), the coating film having the coating amount shown in Table 1 by a bar coater Were formed and dried, and these were used as test materials.
上記の各試験材Ｎｏ．について１０枚づつの試験材を準備し、これらの試験材を熱間ブロー成形機にセットし、５００℃の温度で、窒素ガス圧により９.５気圧に加圧し５分間のブロー成形を行い、縦２５０ｍｍ、横２５０ｍｍ、深さ６０ｍｍの角筒パネルに成形した。 Each test material No. 10 test materials were prepared for each, and these test materials were set in a hot blow molding machine, pressurized to 9.5 atm with nitrogen gas pressure at a temperature of 500 ° C., and blow molded for 5 minutes. It was molded into a rectangular tube panel having a length of 250 mm, a width of 250 mm, and a depth of 60 mm.
成形後、以下の方法により、金型からの離型性、成形されたパネルの表面疵の有無を調査した。調査結果を表２に示す。
離型性：金型から火箸で成形品を離型する際に、金型への張り付きがなく容易に離型できたものは（◎）、成形品に変形を生じないものは（○）、金型への張り付きが生じ成形品が変形したものは（×）とした。
表面疵：金型と材料との摺動による疵が目視で確認できないもの、または疵の深さが１μｍ以下のものは（◎）、疵の深さが３μｍ未満のものは（○）、疵の深さが３μｍ以上のものは（×）とした。
After molding, the following methods were used to investigate the releasability from the mold and the presence of surface flaws on the molded panel. The survey results are shown in Table 2.
Releasability: When the molded product is released from the mold with fire chopsticks, it can be easily released without sticking to the mold (◎), and the molded product does not deform (○), The case where the molded product was deformed due to sticking to the mold was marked (x).
Surface flaw: If the flaw due to sliding between the mold and the material cannot be confirmed visually, or if the flaw depth is 1 μm or less (◎), if the flaw depth is less than 3 μm, (）) Those having a depth of 3 μm or more were defined as (×).
表２に示すように、本発明に従う試験材１〜３、５〜１１は、各１０枚の試験材のいずれも離型性に優れており、表面疵も目視で確認できないか、確認できたとしてもきわめて軽微であった。これに対して、試験材４は塗膜重量（塗布量）が大きいため、試験材１０枚のうち６枚に、熱間ブロー成形後に塗膜の割れが発生した。試験材１２は塗膜を形成しなかったため、離型性が劣り試験材１０枚にいずれにも表面疵が生じた。試験材１３は塗膜を形成せず従来法に従ってＢＮをスプレーにより塗布したもので、離型性は良好であったが、試験材１０枚のいずれにも表面疵が認められた。 As shown in Table 2, the test materials 1 to 3 and 5 to 11 according to the present invention were all excellent in releasability in each of the 10 test materials, and it was confirmed whether the surface defects could not be visually confirmed. But it was very slight. On the other hand, since the test material 4 has a large coating film weight (coating amount), cracks of the coating film occurred in 6 out of 10 test materials after hot blow molding. Since the test material 12 did not form a coating film, the releasability was inferior and surface flaws occurred on all 10 test materials. The test material 13 did not form a coating film and was coated with BN by spraying according to the conventional method. The release property was good, but surface defects were observed on all 10 test materials.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014003074A1 (en) | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-03 | 株式会社Uacj | Aluminum alloy sheet for blow molding and production method therefor |
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| JP2001511423A (en) * | 1997-07-22 | 2001-08-14 | ゼネラル・モーターズ・コーポレーション | Lubrication system for thermoforming |
| JP2003053468A (en) * | 2001-08-22 | 2003-02-26 | Showa Denko Kk | Method of manufacturing forged product, forging device and blank for forging |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02110196A (en) * | 1988-10-19 | 1990-04-23 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | High-temperature lubricating and releasing agent |
| JP2001511423A (en) * | 1997-07-22 | 2001-08-14 | ゼネラル・モーターズ・コーポレーション | Lubrication system for thermoforming |
| JP2003053468A (en) * | 2001-08-22 | 2003-02-26 | Showa Denko Kk | Method of manufacturing forged product, forging device and blank for forging |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014003074A1 (en) | 2012-06-27 | 2014-01-03 | 株式会社Uacj | Aluminum alloy sheet for blow molding and production method therefor |
| US10907241B2 (en) | 2012-06-27 | 2021-02-02 | Uacj Corporation | Aluminum alloy sheet for blow molding and production method therefor |
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